2022届高考英语一轮复习话题练 第18练 热点话题(解析版)
展开Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Since he tk(take) up the pst,he has been absrbed in dealing with varius freign affairs.
2.The phtgrapher imagined there existed anther planet with cnditins similar t thse n earth.
3.China Daily cvers bth the natinal and internatinal news s that I can knw mre abut the wrld and braden my hrizns by reading it.
4.With mre and mre Chinese cmpanies “grwing glbal”,they have made mre Chinese vice heard(hear) verseas.
5.News is a fresh reprt f events,facts r pinins that peple d nt knw befre they read yur stry.
6.The best reprt is ne that has the greatest interest f the largest number f peple.
7.The survey cnducted(cnduct) by that cmpany shws there is an increase in custmer satisfactin this year.
8.There is n dubt that ur educatinal(educatin) system leaves t much t be desired.
9.The pliceman put dwn the phne,satisfied(satisfy) with a smile n his face.
10.Envirnmental prblems are discussed(discuss) quite frequently in the news these days.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11.This is a matter f life and death—a matter n cuntry can affrd eq \(\s\up7(∧),\s\d5(t)) ignre.
12.In the curse f the activity,the students in ur schl put n a variety eq \f(in,f) clrful perfrmances.
13.Nt nly eq \f(did,des) it enable us t get rid f the pressure frm ur study but als it inspires us t wrk hard.
14.I will give yu a vivid accunt f eq \f(that,what) has happened in the past few weeks.
15.Many airlines nw allw passengers t print their barding passes nline t save their eq \f(value,valuable) time.
16.I’m delighted t learn that yur nvel eq \f(had,has) been a best seller since it was published.
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2021·河南洛阳高三期中)
A heartstpping vide shws that a grup f hikers were able t keep their cl as a curius black bear apprached them—and ne even stayed cmpsed enugh t snap a selfie(自拍).
The black bear pulls ne f the wmen by the leg with its paws(爪子),mving twards her acrss the path as she tries t remain cmpletely still.When the frightening animal stands up n its legs t smell her,the fearless walker can be seen taking a pht with the wild animal as it breathes dwn her neck.
The incident is reprted t have happened n a path in Chipinque Eclgical Park,Mexic,and the clip (剪辑片段) has had millins f views since being shared n scial media.With the bear particularly interested in ne member f the grup,anther walker remains frzen with her back t the animal as she stares still int the trees.
A third can be seen nervusly fearing as the bear begins t apprach her and shakes her hand in fear,but it circles back arund t check ut the first hiker fr a secnd time.It pushes her ff balance with its head befre twice pawing at her legs as nlkers shut t try and warn the bear ff.
The wman remains fearless as the animal isn’t int her and cntinues walking up the path,giving the grup an pprtunity t make a swift exit.
It was shared n Twitter by frmer basketball player Rex Chapman,getting 2.7 millin views,with the captin:“Oh,my gdness.She’s a rck.”
1.What des the underlined wrd “cmpsed” mean in the first paragraph?
A.Afraid. B.Cnfused.
C.Disappinted. D.Calm.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的内容可知,破折号前提到了这群人“保持冷静”,因此可推测后句的cmpsed 应表示同义。故选D项。
2.When did the wman take a pht with the bear exactly?
A.On seeing the black bear.
B.On the bear’s pulling her leg.
C.On the bear’s smelling her.
D.On the bear’s seeing her.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,当那只熊站起来闻她气味时,那个女士拍了照片。故选C项。
3.Why did the bear leave?
A.It was frightened. B.It was hungry.
C.It gt injured. D.It lst interest.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的内容可知,熊离开是因为它不喜欢那名女子。由此可推知,熊对她已经失去了兴趣。故选D项。
4.Frm which is the text mst prbably taken?
A.A newspaper. B.A health magazine.
C.A research reprt. D.A brchure.
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。根据文章第三段的内容可知,这是一篇新闻报道。文章的内容也符合新闻报道的要素——时间,地点,人物,事件等。故这篇文章应来自报纸。故选A项。
B
High schl bilgy teacher Kelly Chavis knew smartphnes were a prblem in her class.But nt even the students realized hw much f a prblem the devices were until Chavis did an inclass experiment.
Fr ne class perid,students used a whitebard t cunt every Snapchat,Instagram,text,call that appeared n their phnes.Chavis is amng a grwing number f teachers,parents and health experts wh believe that smartphnes are nw partly t blame fr increasing the levels f student anxiety.“One girl,just during the ne hur,gt clse t 150 Snapchat ntificatins.150!” she said.
Jean Twenge,a psychlgy prfessr at San Dieg State University in Califrnia,said it is nt a cincidence that yuth mental health issues have risen with the number f phnes.“This use f phnes has led t a lss f sleep and facetface interactins necessary fr their grwth,” she said.
Researchers are still nt sure whether phnes cause student depressin r depressin causes phne use.But nearly 60 percent f parents said they wrry abut the influence f scial media n their child’s physical and mental health.
Bth schls and parents are starting t take steps t deal with the prblem.Many public schls pay utside cmpanies t watch students’ scial media activity fr signs f anxiety.Other schls invite in yga teachers and cmfrt dgs t help calm students.
5.What’s the purpse f Chavis’s experiment?
A.T see hw many students have smartphnes.
B.T find ut hw ppular her students are.
C.T shw smartphnes influence teenagers greatly.
D.T tell her students hw t use smartphnes wisely.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But nt even the students realized hw much f a prblem the devices were until Chavis did an inclass experiment.”和下文可知,查维斯的实验目的是说明手机对青少年的影响很大,故选C项。
6.Hw did Kelly Chavis feel abut the result?
A.Shcked. B.Excited.
C.Satisfied. D.Frightened.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘One girl,just during the ne hur,gt clse t 150 Snapchat ntificatins.150!’ she said.”可知,查维斯对于实验的结果是非常震惊的,故选A项。
7.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t Jean Twenge?
A.Students are nw under great stress.
B.Students spend t much mney n smartphnes.
C.Overusing phnes can cause drps in students’ grades.
D.Overusing phnes may harm students’ bdy and mind.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“ is nt a cincidence that yuth mental health issues have risen with the number f phnes.”可知,Jean Twenge认为过度使用手机可能会伤害学生的身心。故选D项。
8.What might be talked abut if the passage is cntinued?
A.Hw ther schls deal with students’ phnes.
B.Whether the ways t handle phnes are effective.
C.Hw sme parents deal with their children’s phnes.
D.Whether students are willing t give up using phnes.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知,学校和家长都开始采取措施处理这个问题,紧接着讨论的是学校采取的措施,那么接下来可能会讨论的问题是一些父母如何处理他们孩子的手机。故选C项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
The wrld’s cities are getting mre and mre crwded.Cities such as Tky and Shanghai 1._________(cnsider) “megacities”,because 2. their big size and huge ppulatins.There are tw main reasns why cities are becming s crwded.
First,the primary cause f cities 3. (becme) s crwded is ecnmic.As a cuntry develps,its cities becme the engines f develpment,thus jbs are available in these areas.Fr example,Tky was the mtr fr Japan’s ecnmic bm in the 1960’s and 70’s;as 4._________result,its ppulatin increased 5. (rapid).Peple mved t Tky because they culd find emplyment there.
Secnd,anther 6. (cntribute) factr is scicultural.Thusands f peple mve t the cities nt nly fr jbs but als fr educatinal and persnal reasns.The better universities in big cities attract thusands f students every year,and mst f them chse 7. (wrk) in the city after graduatin.Mrever,yung peple will mve t the city as the rural areas are mre 8._________(traditin).Therefre,yung peple believe this is a barrier t their persnal freedm.
In 9. (cnclude),ecnmic and cultural factrs are the majr causes f huge urban ppulatin.Peple will always mve t the areas 10. prvide pprtunity and freedm.
eq \x(语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了大城市人口众多的原因。)
1.答案 are cnsidered
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语cities和cnsider之间是被动关系,故该句应用被动语态;且该句描述的是现在的事实,故用一般现在时。主语cities是复数,谓语动词用复数。故填are cnsidered。
2.答案 f
解析 考查介词。固定搭配because f意为“因为”,后接表原因的名词短语作宾语,故填f。
3.答案 becming
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,此处是动名词的复合结构作介词f的宾语。故填becming。
4.答案 a
解析 考查冠词。固定搭配as a result意为“结果”,故填a。
5.答案 rapidly
解析 考查词性转换。副词rapidly意为“迅速地”,修饰动词increased作状语。故填rapidly。
6.答案 cntributing/cntributry
解析 考查词性转换。形容词cntributing意为“贡献的,起作用的”,形容词cntributry意为“促进的,起作用的”,均可修饰名词factr作定语,且都符合句意。故填cntributing/cntributry。
7.答案 t wrk
解析 考查非谓语动词。chse t d sth.意为“选择做某事”,为固定搭配。故填t wrk。
8.答案 traditinal
解析 考查词性转换。形容词traditinal意为“传统的”,比较级是mre traditinal,该空作be动词后的表语,用形容词,故填traditinal。
9.答案 cnclusin
解析 考查词性转换。固定搭配in cnclusin意为“总之,综上所述”,空处应填cnclude的名词形式cnclusin。
10.答案 which/that
解析 考查定语从句。这是一个定语从句,先行词是areas,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,因此应用关系代词that或which。
Ⅰ.话题词汇总结
1.vide n.视频
2.apprach v.靠近,接近 n.接近;方法
3.incident n.事件,小事
4.media n.媒体
5.smartphne n.智能手机
6.device n.设备
7.mental n.精神的
8.depressin n.沮丧;消沉
9.crwded adj.拥挤的
10.available adj.可得到的,可利用的;可会面的
联想 常用的和热点话题有关的词汇还有:
1.dependent adj.依靠的;依赖的
2.agreement n.协议;同意
3.attentin n.注意
4.expse v.暴露;使接触
5.behalf n.代表
6.launch v.& n.发射;发起
7.fund n.基金;专款;资金 v.为……提供资金,资助
8.cnference n.会议
9.mvement n.运动;活动
10.brighten v.使明亮;变开心
话题微写作——根据所给的汉语及以上词汇,完成下面的小短文。
正如视频中展示的那样,在会议上达成了协议。政府应该给这个组织发起的运动提供资金。史密斯先生代表政府提到了几个应对青少年精神问题的方法。
As is shwn in the vide,the agreement was reached in the cnference.The gvernment shuld fund the mvement which was launched by the rganizatin.On behalf f the gvernment,Mr Smith als mentined several appraches t dealing with mental prblems f teenagers.
Ⅱ.长难句分析
When the frightening animal stands up n its legs t smell her,the fearless walker can be seen taking a pht with the wild animal as it breathes dwn her neck.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。 the fearless walker can be seen taking a pht with the wild animal 为主句,在主句中taking a pht with the wild animal作主语补足语,when引导时间状语从句。as引导时间状语从句。
[自主翻译] 当那个可怕的动物站起来嗅她的时候,可以看到这个一点也不害怕的徒步者正跟野生动物拍照,而此时这个动物在顺着她的脖子往下呼气。
[仿写运用] 当疲惫不堪的医生回到家时,他看到他80岁的母亲由他妻子照顾得很好。
When the tired dctr returned hme,his 80yearld mther culd be seen taken gd care f by his wife.语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了网络上的一段视频:一只好奇的黑熊靠近一群徒步旅行者,其中的一名旅行者还和黑熊拍了自拍照。
语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。作者通过凯利·查维斯的课堂实验展示了智能手机对学生的影响,并引用一些专业人士的观点来支持个人的论证,继而说明了学校就学生使用手机问题采取的措施。
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