2021年上海市中考英语冲刺专题讲义-完型填空 (教师版+学生版)

这是一份2021年上海市中考英语冲刺专题讲义-完型填空 (教师版+学生版)，文件包含2021年上海市初三中考冲刺阅读专题讲义-完型填空学生版docx、2021年上海市初三中考冲刺阅读专题讲义-完型填空教师版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。

完型填空
知识梳理：
完型填空专项训练
考查能力：
逻辑推理能力：
完形填空对篇章逻辑推理能力的考查主要表现在考生能否根据句中，句间甚至是整篇文章的逻辑关系，比如因果、转折、并列等关系，选出正确选项。主要包括以下几个方面：
句中逻辑推理能力
句间逻辑推理能力
篇章逻辑推理能力
篇章原词重现
词汇辨析能力：
词汇辨析能力的考查主要集中在名词，动词，形容词和副词上，选项往往以同义词，近义词，反义词或拼写相近容易混淆词的形式出现。其中，由于篇章中会带有作者主观的意识，因此在形容词或者副词的考查上会出现感情色彩的辨析。主要包括以下几个方面：
同、近义或者反义辨析
词的感情色彩
语法知识掌握能力：
语法知识的考查主要体现在某些常见的语法结构和固定句式当中。主要包括以下几个方面：
语法知识运用能力
固定短语搭配和句式
背景文化知识掌握能力：
在完形填空中有时渗着相关的文化背景和生活常识等方面的知识。在做题时，要积极调动自己的跨文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异。
背景文化知识掌握能力
解题技巧：
1) 通读全文，仔细阅读文章，把握语篇大意，顾及文章的整体性和合理性。
2）选项相仿时，切勿主观臆断，联系上下文，选择最佳答案。
3）检查是否逻辑合理，语法无误。
典题分析：
1. 联系上下文，结合语境，定位正确选项。
联系上下文，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题最常用的方法之一。在做完型填空时，有些选项的答案从语法角度来讲可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应该细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。
【经典例题1】
What d I remember abut my childhd? There were gd things and bad things. We used t live _________, and my parents always gt up early in the mrning t feed the cws and sheep.
A. in a twnB. n a farmC. n a busy streetD. in a city
【解析】本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。但通过下文my parents always gt up early in the mrning t feed the cws and sheep “我父母总是很早起来喂牛羊”,提示我们作者生活在农村。正确答案是B。
【经典例题2】
I dashed t the frnt dr and banged(大声敲) n it ludly.
“Wh’s there?” I heard.
“It’s Billy! Let me in!”
The vice behind the _________ answered, “ Billy desn’t live here anymre, he ran away frm hme.”
A .huseB. treeC. drD. yard
【解析】联系上文，中文章里多次提到“dr”。根据上文中“I dashed t the frnt dr and banged n it ludly. ”可以得知作者冲过去敲门，那么答应声当然是从门后传来的。故选择C。
2. 根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题
在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳、或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及固定搭配。
【经典例题1】
On the train, Tm was lking _____1____ fr his ticket because the cnductr was cming _____2_____ t his ticket.
1) A. utB. frwardC. anywhereD. everywhere
2) A. dwnB. upC. inD. n
【解析】第一空格指“汤姆在火车上到处寻找火车票”，因此选D， 词组lk ut = be careful, “小心；当心”，lk frward t “期待”, lk fr“寻找”，anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中；第二空格意为“列车员上前查票”，“走到某人面前”词组为cme up t sb, 固定搭配，所以正确答案是B。
【经典例题2】
A Japanese manager nce said he himself and his wrkers wuld all stand while they were having meetings. D yu __________ what he means?
A. thinkB. guessC. knwD. understand
【解析】本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着的问题。 本题问的是“你知道他说话的含义么？”。从四个选项来看，A和B放入句中意思不通，而C和D两个答案很接近。 D选项强调理解他的意思，从上文句子看当然很好理解这句话讲述了什么故事。但是其中的含义就不知道了。因此选项C才是最合适的。
【经典例题3】
“Isn’t it a nice day?” “D yu _____1_____ it will rain?” “I think it’s ging t rain.” These are the cmmn ways f _____2_____ cnversatin.
1） A. think B. see C. say D. feel
2) A. start B. begin C. talking D. starting
【解析】1) 应选A。 从后面的句子I think… 就能判断出A是准确答案。
2) 当同学们看到cnversatin 会考虑到 start cnversatin,但这时一定要注意介词 f 后应跟动名词 starting, 所以答案应是D。
【经典例题4】
“Yu shuldn’t what peple say abut what yu lk like because we’re nt different frm anyne else, Hlly,”
A. write dwnB. agree withC. pass n D. listen t
【解析】D。短语词义辨析。根据what peple say abut（人们说什么），可知是不要‘听’，因此选项D正确。A. write swn 记下 B. agree with 同意C. pass n 传递，均不符合语境。
3. 利用逻辑关系解题
利用逻辑关系是完型填空命题设计过程中用得较多的方法之一。解这类题目时需要我们多注意周围生活常识、行文的脉络及句子之间的转承关系。
【经典例题1】
The English language has nw becme an internatinal language because it is widely used in mst cunties in the wrld. _________ yu want t d business with freigners, yu have t learn English, fr mst f them speak and write English.
A. AsB. IfC. SD. Since
【解析】本段主要将是英语语言在世界上被广泛地运用，后面一句是举例说明。假如你想跟外国人做生意，你就必须学英文，因为他们大多数人讲英文。两句句子是论点和论据的关系，论据部分用了假设的条件关系。因此，在理清句子之间的脉络之后，很容易知道应选B。
【经典例题2】
A pair f glves may be a _________ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter.
A. smallB. usefulC. helpfulD. cheap
【解析】考查句中的逻辑推理能力。后半句有but转折，且有“make a big difference”，根据转折的逻辑关系可推知选A. small。
【经典例题3】
Here, my mther _________ in her bedrm windw and wrte in her diary.
A. layB. playC. stdD. sat
【解析】D。考查句中并列逻辑关系推理能力。该句中的and体现了前后两个动作的并列关系，依据这个逻辑关系，能与wrte这个动作构成并列关系的，只有sat最为合适：在这里，母亲坐在她的卧室窗户旁，写日记。
【经典例题4】
Lisa was ne f the mbile(流动的) children, _____1_____ frm huse t huse in childhd. She lngs fr a sense f _____2_____ , and s we have cme t Nva Sctia where my husband and I were brn and where ur ancestrs 41 fr 200 years.
A. passedB. raisedC. mvedD. sent
A. hmeB. dutyC. realityD. relief
【解析】考查句间的逻辑推理能力。前句的关键词 the mbile children, 和 frm huse t huse，可以得推测出第一题答案是C。再根据Lisa 从小居无定所，可以推测出结论：她应该是渴望有家的感觉，根据这两者间的因果关系，得出第二题正确答案为 A。
4. 利用语法和句型解题
这类题目主要考查学生在一定语境中运用语法知识和识别句型的能力。由于学生对这类选项把握较大，因此这类题型的数量越来越少。
【经典例题1】
Karl Landsteiner first thught f naming bld types in 1900. He ________ fur types.
A. make bld int B. put bld int
C. keep bld int D. stre bld as
【解析】做这题时，好多同学吃不准应用哪一个搭配，但只要你仔细辨别，不难发现这四个选项看起来都是动词原形，但其中B项的动词put过去式、过去分词是同一单词，而这个选项的时态应该是过去时，所以B是正确答案。
【经典例题2】
The earth is ur hme. We must take care f it. Life tday is easier than it was ___________ years ag, but it has brught sme new prblems.
A. hundredB. hundreds fC. hundred fD. hundreds
【解析】答案是B。 此句考查的是数词的用法。表示具体几百时，应是“基数词+ hundred”；表示成百上千时，用 “hundreds f”.
【经典例题3】
___________ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wden huse.
A. WhenB. Until C. If D. Because
【解析】A。考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是：当……的时候，选A。
【经典例题4】
Yu can’t blame thers ___________ yu start with yurself.
A. althughB. if C. whenD. unless
【解析】D。考查状语从句。由句意：除非你从自己开始反思，否则你不能责备他人。
强化练习：
(基础篇)
B. Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) (12分)
My husband Bill, was diagnsed with cancer(癌症). Over the curse f seven mnths, he went frm beating me silly at tennis t needing my help t g t the bathrm.
It was the best seven mnths f my life. Maybe I dn’t 75 mean that, but it was certainly the time when I felt mst alive. I had becme a respected prfessr, and a respnsible wife. During thse seven mnths, I came t understand that nthing wuld 76 mre than what I had dne t my husband.
When I culdn’t sleep at night, I prayed(祈祷) t Gd. Then I began praying it daily even if I had n difficulty sleeping, which 77 my breathing and calmed my mind.
During his last week, a relative visited. I nticed that she’d changed her appearance, but in a funny way. It was the kind f 78 I kept t myself. After she left, Bill viced exactly what I’d been thinking, in that truthful way he had, and I fund myself laughing ut in my heart.
I culd live with this man, even needing as much care as he des, fr the next 40 years, I thught. 79 , he wuld be dead very sn. I will never again have that high a purpse in my life. I will try t be a little less unhappy, and a little mre 80 fr the small mments in life. I am a better persn fr caring fr Bill. It was his last, best gift t me.
75. A) cmpletelyB) hardlyC) actuallyD) carefully
76. A) careB) matter C) changeD) cst
77. A) slwedB) increasedC) heldD) tk
78. A) jkesB) friendsC) wrkD) thught
79. A) LuckilyB) HweverC) InsteadD) Finally
80. A) srryB) excitedC) thankfulD) wrried
(2)
Mst films set in space are usually hrrr films and include aliens in their stry. Gravity(地心引力) is different and fcuses n the human drama 75 . The film’s special effects are s amazing that it is easy t believe that Gravity really was filmed in space. It tk mre than three years fr a British team t create all f these effects.
We first meet the 76 utside f their spaceship n a spacewalk. Dr Stne, a strng-minded mther whse daughter died in an accident, is n her first jurney int space and is jined by Matt Kwalski, an experienced astrnaut. Kwalski makes jkes and tells stries abut his life t help Dr Stne feel less nervus abut being in space.
The astrnauts are sn 77 that pieces f a damaged satellite are flying in their directin. Their spaceship is sn hit and destryed. Dr Stne is kncked int space. It seems that she will die there. The fast mving camera wrk and lsing 78 with the Earth makes everything even scarier(恐怖的).
79 , Kwalski saves Dr Stne and they decide t g t the nearby Internatinal Space Statin and see if their escape vehicle can be used t return t the Earth. On the jurney, they have truble and are abut t lse their lives in space tgether. Kwalski allws himself t flat away t save Dr Stne.
Frm here Dr Stne is alne and the film explres whether she is strng enugh t stay alive, r want t.
Gravity is a pwerful film abut a wman’s jurney in a(n) 80 place. Yu will find it wrth watching because it is nt nly interesting but als mving.
75. A) stillB) yetC) insteadD) perhaps
76. A) charactersB) directrsC) actrsD) fans
77. A) agreedB) warnedC) shwnD) telephned
78. A) energyB) patienceC) sight D) cntact
79. A) FinallyB) RecentlyC) LuckilyD) Immediately
80. A) darkB) lnelyC) hrribleD) empty
(3)
It happened ne spring mrning. I wke up and went dwnstairs. My mum asked me if I wanted sme range juice.
“Yes, thanks,” I replied, but my vice had changed! It sunded very deep. I was quite 75 , and s was the dg! But my mum just smiled and said, “Oh, that’s just yur vice breaking.”
Breaking? That did nt sund gd! S at schl that day, I asked my bilgy teacher what was happening.
“Dn’t wrry. It’s 76 cmmn!” she said. “Sund is made by the muth as the air is 77 ut thrugh the vice bx, which is in the neck. As yu grw lder, the vice bx grws larger and thicker. When yu are a teenager, there can be a 78 .”
“But my sister is lder than me, and her vice is still the same,” I said, a little 79 .
“The change is bigger in bys, s yu ntice it mre. Girls’ vices nly change a little, s it is hard t tell the 80 .”
Nw I like my new vice. But the dg still is nt sure!
A) excitedB) embarrassedC) surprisedD) satisfied
A) especiallyB) prbablyC) hardlyD) cmpletely
A) pushedB) turnedC) takenD) picked
A) cmmn mistakeB) sudden changeC) similar experienceD) slw prcess
A) angryB) cnfusedC) calmD) frightened
A) truthB) reasnC) secretD) difference
(4)
The Thanksgiving turkey is the cause f stress fr me. I have 75 it as an enemy n Thanksgiving.
Over the years I had tried just every methd f cking the turkey. When I just gt married I tried the traditinal pan rasting methd. But I frgt t buy my turkey 76 the day befre Thanksgiving. And I bught a big ne because I wanted t be sure t have enugh turkey fr everyne. Unfrtunately, it wasn’t thawed (解冻) by the time I needed t ck it. I ended up with a dry turkey vercked n the utside and rarely dne 77 . And I had lts and lts f leftver turkey because nbdy liked it.
The fllwing year I was busy with a baby. S again I frgt t buy my turkey in time t get it 78 thawed. I had t be up mst f the night befre Thanksgiving running cld water ver my turkey t get it thawed. The turkey ended up turning ut key but I was s tired and sleepy by the time I served dinner.
The next year I gt a methd f cking turkey frm lcal radi in early Nvember. I was 79 t give it a try. Making that turkey was like taking care f a baby fr nearly tw days. I was s pleased with that turkey. I thught it was ging t be the best tasting turkey ever since it was the mst 80 I ever put in making turkey. But that didn’t happen. Nbdy liked the flavur f the turkey.
I decided nt t make ne this year. But my family thught it wasn't Thanksgiving withut turkey. The Thanksgiving turkey has been a yearly jke at ur huse and when I dn’t make ne there is nthing t cmplain abut.
75. A) visitedB) cnsideredC) heardD) tld
76. A) befreB) afterC) untilD) since
77. A) n the surfaceB) n the tpC) at the bttmD) in the middle
78. A) cmpletelyB) carefullyC) easilyD) slwly
79. A) afraidB) respnsibleC) surprisedD) ready
80. A) mneyB) wrkC) pwerD) water
参考答案：
Keys1: 75. C 76. B 77.A 78. D 79. B 80. C
Keys2: 75. C 76. A 77.B 78. D 79. C 80. B
Keys3: 75. C 76. D 77.A 78. B 79. B 80. D
Keys4: 75. B 76. C 77.D 78. A 79. D 80. B
小结：
完型填空答题原则：
1．首句重读原则
“首句重读”指首句需重点阅读。首句很多情况是Tpic sentence (主题句)，会透露文章背景和主旨。首句一般不设空，若设空，则需重点读后面的例子，例子里面会提供线索。现在很多考题都是用后面的例子印证首句。
例子关联原则
例子联合起来都是去证明本文中心的，但例子与例子间有时会有正反对比关系或者平行并列关系。
最佳适用原则
场景匹配原则
5. 平行并列原则
完形填空文章很多时候是围绕一个话题展开，每个段落有的时候发展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句设空，除了关注到后面的例子，还可以关注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。类似的如果某段末句设空也可以关注下面一段的末句。
课后作业：
(提高篇)
2020杨浦一模
Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Have yu ever tried playing the kind f vide games that yur parents played? The Museum f Science in Manchester, in the UK, has held an exhibitin fr the last few years, which invites visitrs t d ___50___ that. It ffers them the chance t play games frm the last 40 years, in varius sessins thrughut the day.
These vide game sessins have nw becme ne f the main attractins f the museum. They are full f peple every day, playing a wide range f games. Hwever, visitrs ften chse the nes they’re ___51___. Fr parents, fr example, these are usually the games they used t play in their childhd.
There’s als a(n)___52___ purpse t the games. Fr instance, sme ld types f cmputer, dating back 40 years, are als available in the sessins. They were riginally used in classrms t teach pupils t write their wn cmputer prgrams. And at the time, it helped lts f yung peple t d that. Nw, the museum is hlding wrkshps that encurage children t learn similar skills -- and they’re still very ppular.
The exhibitin als shws hw much___53___technlgy has made ver the last 40 years. Parents can ften remember playing very simple games. But the games that are played tday are mre cmplex. They have better stry-lines and animatin, t. And the players als have t use much mre cmplicated techniques.
____54____, ne serius side f the exhibitin is that rganisers als want t shw that vide gaming is an imprtant industry, emplying many skilled peple. S they hpe the exhibitin will ___55___ this message. That way, peple wh enjy gaming will als understand all the hard wrk, talent, imaginatin that ges int creating these amazing games.
50. A. especiallyB. exactlyC. directlyD. mainly
51. A. ready frB. pr atC. cnnected tD. familiar with
52. A. dramaticB. fficialC. histricalD. educatinal
53. A. respnseB. prgressC. knwledgeD. impressin
54. A. HweverB. TherefreC. In factD. In cnclusin
55. A. linkB. checkC. shareD. recrd
【答案】50. B 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C
【解析】本篇文章难度中等偏上，主要介绍英国的曼彻斯特博物馆过去几年展览过去的游戏并且非常受欢迎。并且讲述它的三个意义：一、具有教育的意义；二、科技在过去的四十年已经取得了重大的进步；三、向人们展示游戏也是一个重要的产业。
【50题详解】
句意：过去几年，英国曼彻斯特的科学博物馆举办了一场展览，邀请参观者亲身体验。
especially特别地；exactly正是，恰好地，正确地，精确地；directly直接地；mainly主要地。根据It ffers them the chance t play games frm the last 40 years, in varius sessins thrughut the day“它让他们有机会在一天中的不同时段玩过去40年的游戏”可知，表示人们可以真正地打游戏，故选B。
【51题详解】
句意“然而游客经常选择他们熟悉的游戏”。
be ready fr为……做准备；be pr at不擅长……；be cnnected t与……有关联；be familiar with熟悉。根据Fr parents, fr example, these are usually the games they used t play in their childhd“例如，对于父母来说，这些通常是他们在童年时经常玩的游戏”可知，表示“选择他们熟悉的游戏”，故选D。
【52题详解】
句意：游戏还有教育目的。
dramatic戏剧的；fficial官方的；histrical有关历史的；educatinal教育的。根据They were riginally used in classrms t teach pupils t write their wn cmputer prgrams“它们最初被用在教室里，教学生编写他们的计算机程序”可知，表示游戏具有教育目的，故选D。
53题详解】
句意：这次展览还展示了过去40年来科技的进步
respnse响应，回答；prgress进步，进展；knwledge知识；impressin印象。根据Parents can ften remember playing very simple games. But the games that are played tday are mre cmplex“父母们能够经常记得他们玩非常简单的游戏，但是如今玩的游戏更加复杂”可知，表示科技取得重大进步，故选B。
【54题详解】
句意：然而，展览的一个严肃的方面是，组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业，它雇佣了许多技术人员。
hwever然而（表示转折）；therefre因此；in fact事实上；in cnclusin总而言之。根据全文可知，讲述了这次展览具有教育目的以及向我们展示在过去的四十年中科技的进步，所以这里表示转折，表示“组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业”，故选A。
【55题详解】
句意：所以他们希望这次展览将分享这个信息。
link连接；check检查；share分享；recrd记录。根据ne serius side f the exhibitin is that rganisers als want t shw that vide gaming is an imprtant industry, emplying many skilled peple“然而，展览的一个严肃的方面是，组织者也想展示电子游戏是一个重要的产业，它雇佣了许多技术人员”可知，表示“分享这个信息”。故选C。
【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。
例如第2题。首先确定四个选项的含义，A. dramatic戏剧的；B. fficial官方的；C. histrical有关历史的；D. educatinal教育的。再根据They were riginally used in classrms t teach pupils t write their wn cmputer prgrams“它们最初被用在教室里，教学生编写他们的计算机程序”可知，表示游戏具有教育目的，故选D。
2020嘉定一模
B. Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage （选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
Bks have magical pwer. They cntain knwledge and knwledge makes ur human becme wiser and strnger. Between their pages, readers can be transprted t anywhere imaginable and becme just abut anyne ... r anytime. ______50______ , many children all ver the wrld dn’t have access t bks.
Fr several years nw, Maria Keller, a teenager frm Minneaplis, Minnesta, has been trying t change that fact.
When she was 8 years ld, Maria already lved reading. She als nticed that sme f her classmates didn’t read as much as she did. When she asked her mther why that was, her mther said that they might nt be able t ___51___bks. Maria had never thught f this. She culdn’t believe that sme children didn’t have bedtime stries read t them, and she became___52___t change this.
With her mther’s help. Maria created a nn-prfit rganizatin which is dedicated（致力于）t cllecting and distributing bks t children___53___
During the early stages f Read Indeed, Maria set the gal f cllecting and distributing I millin bks by the time she was 18.
It didn’t take lng t reach that gal. Up till nw, she has cllected ver 2.4 millin bks and has shipped them t many states and cuntries arund the wrld.
She said, “I cannt live withut bks. As I cntinue my missin（使命）. I have learned that the number f kids wh have n bks is in the hundreds f millins. S I just can’t___54___. even after reaching my riginal gal f 1 millin bks.”
She recently set a new gal:t distribute dnatins t kids in need in every state in the US, and every cuntry in the wrld. She keeps recrds f her___55___ n a large map at the warehuse（仓库）where her bks are stred and srted.
50. A. SB. HweverC. After allD. Instead
51. A. chseB. affrdC. shareD. read
52. A. excitedB. usedC. suppsedD. determined
53. A. in safetyB. in dangerC. in needD. in truble
54. A. set utB. give upC. get ffD. take up
55. A. industryB. researchC. prgressD. study
【答案】50. B 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. C
【解析】本文讲述玛利亚帮助贫困儿童读书的故事。
【50题详解】
句意：然而，全世界还有许多孩子没有机会读书。
s 所以；hwever 然而；after all 毕竟；instead 反而。第一段空格处前文讲述读书的带来的好处，空格后表示世界上还有一些孩子是没有机会读书的，上下文是转折关系，并且空格后有逗号，所以用转折关系连词hwever。故选B。
【51题详解】
句意：当她问她妈妈这是为什么，她的妈妈告诉她也许他们买不起书。
chse 选择；affrd支付；share 分享；read 阅读。根据前文“She als nticed that sme f her classmates didn’t read as much as she did”她注意到她的一些同学读的书没有她多，可推测是孩子不能支付买书的费用。故选B，
【52题详解】
句意：她不能相信一些孩子是没有睡前故事的，所以她决定要改变这个状况。
excited 兴奋的；used 被用来；suppsed 假设；determined 决定。becme是系动词，后接形容词。根据前文“She culdn’t believe that sme children didn’t have bedtime stries read t them”，可推测下文要表达的是她下定决心要改变它。固定搭配be determined t d sth 下定决心做某事。故选D。
【53题详解】
句意：在她妈妈的帮助下，玛利亚创建了一个零利润的机构，收集书籍和发放一些书籍给需要的孩子。
in safety 安全中；in danger 危险中；in need 有需要；in truble 麻烦中。根据文章的最后一段“She recently set a new gal:t distribute dnatins t kids in need in every state in the US”，可知，她创建的机构是为了帮助有需要的孩子们。故选C。
54题详解】
句意：所以我不能放弃，甚至是在达到了我初始设定的100万本的这个目标后。
set ut出发；give up 放弃；get ff 下车；take up占据。根据前文“I have learned that the number f kids wh have n bks is in the hundreds f millins”，可推测，大概有1亿的孩子是没有书的，所以尽管在达到她初定的目标后，还不能放弃，还要继续。故选B。
【55题详解】
句意：她在储存书的仓库墙上的一张大地图记录了她的进展。
industry 工业；research 研究；prgress 进展；study学习。根据空格后n a map，可推测在地图上记录她的进展，空格用prgress符合句意。故选C。
2020徐汇一模
B. Chse the wrds r expressins and cmplete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):
Culd yu imagine a library where yu brrw tls, appliances and sprts gear(用具)? As a student, Sabrina culd see the simple slutin t a prblem — in rder t reduce waste and create a gd effect n ur envirnment, perhaps we shuld try sharing the things we have.
When she arrived in Brisbane fur years ag, Sabrina had nthing with her but a suitcase full f clthes and a laptp. T start settling in, she asked friends if she culd brrw the things she needed. Over time, as she started t have things f her wn, she wuld ___50___ them t her friends in return.
She then came t the cnclusin that we dn’t need t wn every single tl fr every single___51___, we just need t have them; we need a place where we can brrw what we need —in ther wrds, a library. Sabrina decided t put her idea int actin and s the Brisbane Tl Library was brn.
Within tw years the tl library has grwn t ver 225 members and tday is run by a team f vlunteers, mstly wmen, frm 13 different natinalities. Fr a small membership fee, the library ffers ___52___ frm hand and pwer tls t sprting and camping gear, and kitchen equipment.
The library nw has ver 500 items in its strerm with anther 500 waiting t cme. These are items that wuld therwise have gne int landfill when their wners are ____53____ them sitting n the shelf — mst are still new. “It desn’t need t be like this,” says Sabrina. “It’s nt just abut reducing waste when things are at the ___54___ f their life cycle. And recycling is nt enugh. We need t rethink purchasing frm the very beginning. We need sme change.”
It’s a part f the rise f the share ecnmy, where phne apps allw ___55___ t share rarely-used gds with peple wh need them. Libraries have been arund fr centuries ffering public use f shared resurces.
50. A. lendB. reprtC. readD. sell
51. A. excuseB. successC. purpseD. secret
52. A. smethingB. everythingC. anythingD. nthing
53. A. fnd fB. tired fC. surprised atD. afraid f
54. A. startB. tpC. restD. end
55. A. learnersB. fficersC. usersD. designers
【答案】50. A 51. C 52. B 53. B 54. D 55. C
【解析】文章大意：本文介绍了Sabrina建立布里斯班工具库灵感来源、过程及其发展。这个工具库通过分享自己拥有的工具来减少浪费，并对环境产生好的影响。
【50题详解】
句意：随着时间流逝，当她开始拥有自己东西，她把它们借给朋友们作为回报。
lend出借；reprt报告；read阅读；sell卖出。根据上文中“T start settling in, she asked friends if she culd brrw the things she needed.”可知朋友曾借给她她所需的东西，由此可推出她把东西借给朋友们作为回报。故选A。
【51题详解】
句意：她当时意识到了我们不需要因每一个用途而拥有每一个工具，……
excuse借口；success成功；purpse用途；secret秘密。根据常识可知每一个工具都有它的用途。故选C。
【52题详解】
句意：收取少量的会员费，这个工具库提供一切东西，从手动和电动工具到运动和野营设备及厨房设备。
smething某事物；everything一切；anything任何事物；nthing没有什么。根据题干中“frm hand and pwer tls t sprting and camping gear, and kitchen equipment”可推出此处是指在这个范围内的一切东西。故选B。
【53题详解】
句意：这些物品大部分还是新的，原本可能已经在主人对放在架子上的它们感到厌烦时被填埋。
fnd f喜欢；tired f厌倦；surprised at对……感到吃惊；afraid f害怕。根据题干中“items that wuld therwise have gne int landfill”可知原本这些物品可能已经被填埋，由此推出是在主人厌烦它们的时候被填埋。故选B。
【54题详解】
句意：它不仅是当物品在它们生命周期的尽头时减少废弃物。
start开始；tp顶端；rest剩余的；end最后。根据题干中“reducing waste”可推出此处说的是物品生命周期的尽头，用at the end f表示“在……尽头”。故选D。
【55题详解】
句意：它是共享经济崛起的一部分，手机软件允许用户和有需要的人们分享极少使用的商品。
learners学习者；fficers官员；users用户；designers设计者。根据句意“手机软件允许____和有需要的人们分享极少使用的商品”结合常识可知此处是说用户。故选C。