江苏省常州市2020年中考英语真题含答案解析

这是一份江苏省常州市2020年中考英语真题含答案解析，共33页。


1．Take it easy. There will be_________ tw buses cming in a few minutes.
A．antherB．therC．thersD．the ther
2．Millie’s research paper isn’t up t standard_________ she has wrked at it fr tw weeks.
A．sinceB．unlessC．ifD．althugh
3．T the west f ur schl__________ sme bkstres and a park.
A．liesB．lieC．hasD．have
4．—Were yu required___________ hme during the utbreak f COVID-19?
—Yes. Luckily, the Internet made it pssible fr many f us________ frm hme.
A．t stay; t wrkB．staying; t wrkC．t stay; wrkD．staying; wrk
5．—Jim, turn dwn the music. Our baby is sleeping.
—Dn’t wrry. He__________ fr half an hur.
A．wke upB．has wken upC．was awakeD．has been awake
6．Jenny’s parents were cmpletely__________ when they saw the_______ changes in her.
A．surprising; amazingB．surprised; amazing
C．surprising; amazedD．surprised; amazed
7．A factry will be built fr the __________ f this type f new energy car.
A．psitinB．ppulatinC．prductinD．prnunciatin
8．T my jy, we_________ g t the bank. Mary has lent us sme mney.
A．shuldn’tB．needn’tC．culdn’tD．wuldn’t
9．A great deal f my time is__________ with practicing playing the guitar.
A．taken upB．made upC．put upD．set up
10．—D yu want t try sme wild duck?
—__________. We shuld prtect wild animals.
A．N ideaB．N prblemC．N wayD．N dubt
A windw is a cmmn but pwerful tl — a patch(小块) f the wrld, frm which ur bdy is separated. The nly thing we can d is lk. Yu have n 11 n what yu will see. Hwever, yur brain may make an assumptin(猜想) ut f whatever happens t appear.
One day, I was taking a nap(小睡) in my ffice when I wke up t the 12 f a car crash. I lked ut f my windw. A car had just backed int a fence(围栏)and damaged (毁坏〉it.
The driver gt ut f the car. He was shrt withut hair n his head. I 13 him at nce.
T my surprise, the man tried t 14 the damage he caused. Hwever, his effrts all failed. Once he even funnily fell nt the rad when trying t pull the fence. I 15 a lt. The failure f this terrible man was brightening my whle day.
Abut 10 minutes later, the man left.
That, I thught, wuld be the 16 f his effrts. The man — that villainus(可憎的) man — was ging t 17 all the mess behind fr smene else t clean up.
But this is the 18 f windws. They cntradict(与…矛盾)yur easy assumptins. The man appeared a few minutes later with sme 19 . Fr the next hur, I watched ut f my windw as he kept n fixing the fence 20 it was extra safe, strnger than befre.
This man was a her. My 21 assumptins, I realized, were all abut myself. I wuld be 22 and run away if I came acrss such a messy situatin.
My windw had wken me up frm a nap t teach me a lessn, a lessn that changed my whle day and even my whle life.
11．A．agreementB．influenceC．discveryD．impressin
12．A．symblB．sightC．sundD．sign
13．A．acceptedB．rememberedC．dislikedD．greeted
14．A．cnfirmB．avidC．cverD．repair
15．A．cmplainedB．laughedC．learntD．thught
16．A．endB．funC．prblemD．lessn
17．A．hideB．pushC．mveD．leave
18．A．qualityB．shameC．pwerD．truth
19．A．friendsB．tlsC．medicinesD．plans
20．A．untilB．whenC．afterD．since
21．A．uglyB．friendlyC．prperD．pssible
22．A．encuragedB．pleasedC．scaredD．relaxed
With s much free time n ur hands during lckdwn, many f us have entertained the idea f knwing mre abut the wrld. Learning a freign language is a gd chice. Here are a few examples, in rder f time it takes peple t learn them.
Latin languages (abut 600 hurs)
The ppular Latin languages — Italian, French, Spanish and Prtuguese — require abut 600 hurs t learn. Of these, Spanish and Italian are the easiest fr English speakers t learn. They are fllwed by Prtuguese and finally French.
Latin languages share many wrds with English. Hwever, thse shared wrds lk r sund similar, but have different meanings ver time.
Greek (1,100 hurs)
Mdern Greek is maybe the easiest language t learn that uses a different alphabet(字母表). It is als a language that has cntributed many wrds t English. Indeed, the president f Greece nce gave tw speeches at an internatinal meeting that included just Greek lan wrds(外来词) as well as the unavidable basic English.
Japanese (2, 200 hurs)
Cunting bjects in Japanese depends n whether they are lng and thin (like “rads”), small and rund (like “apples”), thin and flat (like “sheets f paper”), and hundreds mre examples.
What Japanese yu speak als depends n yur gender(性别). There’s a “rugh” language fr men and a mre “ladylike” language fr wmen, but yu must understand bth.
Chinese (2, 200 hurs)
Each Chinese written wrd is hardly understandable when spken between a Mandarin (普通话) speaker in Beijing and a Cantnese speaker in Guangdng. If yu think that's strange, cnsider ur number system: the symbl “2” is widely understd but it’s prnunced “tw” in English and “duex” in French.
23．Fr an English speaker, which f the fllwing is the easiest t learn?
A．Japanese.B．French.C．Greek.D．Italian.
24．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．The same wrd in tw languages always has the same meaning.
B．The English language and the Greek language use the same alphabet.
C．Objects are cunted differently in Japanese accrding t their shapes.
D．A Mandarin speaker and a Cantnese speaker write Chinese differently.
25．The purpse f this passage is t tell English speakers__________.
A．hw t learn sme freign languages
B．why they must learn a freign language
C．sme infrmatin n the difficulty f freign languages
D．nt t chse an Asian language t learn as it is t hard
Influenza, r flu(流感), is a type f virus. It spreads frm ne persn t anther quickly. When smene wh has the flu cughs r sneezes, little drplets frm their lungs (肺) spread ut int the air. Anyne nearby can get sick. Even a persn wh tuches smething with the virus and then tuches his r her muth, eyes, r nse, can becme infected(感染).
The utbreak f the 1918 influenza infected abut 500 millin peple wrldwide. It killed frm 20 millin t 50 millin peple. It was first seen in Eurpe, the United States, and parts f Asia. It then spread quickly arund the wrld. Many peple wh became sick were yung, healthy adults. At the time, n treatments wrked in the preventin f the spread f the killer flu. Peple were rdered t wear masks. Schls, theaters and ther public places were clsed.
When the first wave(波〉in the spring f 1918 hit, it didn't seem serius. Peple wh were infected felt the usual flu symptms(症状), which are chills, fevers, and feeling tired. Thse wh gt sick generally gt better after several days. Nt many died. Hwever, a secnd, highly cntagius(传染的)wave f influenza appeared in the fall f that same year. Victims died shrtly after they were infected — within hurs r days. Their skin turned blue and their lungs were filled with liquid(液体), making it very difficult t breathe.
By the summer f 1919, the flu pandemic(大流行病) came t an end. Sick peple had either gt well r died. Almst 90 years later, in 2008, researchers annunced they’d discvered why the 1918 flu was s deadly. The flu virus inflamed (使…恶化)the lungs, causing them t fill with liquid.
Since 1918, there have been several ther influenza pandemics, althugh nne has been quite as deadly.
26．What infrmatin abut the 1918 flu is mentined in the passage?
A．The reasn why it was s deadly.
B．The reasn why it ended.
C．The change it caused t medical research.
D．The place in which it was last seen.
27．All the peple that were infected with the 1918 flu___________.
A．had blue skin that led t their death
B．had tuched smene with the virus
C．died as their lungs were filled with liquid
D．had the virus in their bdies that made them sick
28．Which f the fllwing statements abut the 1918 flu is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Wearing a mask was the best way t treat it.
B．A yunger persn had a lwer risk f being infected with it.
C．Peple expected the cming f its secnd wave, but culdn’t stp it.
D．It was deadlier than any ther influenza pandemic in mdern histry.
“What’s wrng, Carina?” Cllin asked. “Hmesick again?”
His sister ndded.
“Yeah, me t.” Cllin sighed(叹息).
Their family had mved t the new place nearly fur mnths ag. The new place was hused inside a huge transparent dme (透明的圆屋顶). It still didn't feel like hme.
“I miss my friends,” Carina said sadly. “And green grass and swimming, and everything. I even miss the sund f rain n the rf(屋顶).”
“Wrst f all,” Carina cntinued, “my birthday is in tw days, and I dn't think Mm and Dad are planning anything special. They're t busy.”
“She's prbably right,” thught Cllin. Life here was very busy fr scientists like their parents. He dubted if they had time t plan a party. And hw culd they anyway? Things such as ballns and birthday candles didn’t exist here. They didn't even have enugh materials t make a cake.
“Dn’t wrry.” Cllin put an arm arund Carina's shulder.
Cllin walked tward the agricultural center, where his mm wrked. He fund her taking ntes n sme tall tube-like plants.
“What are thse?” he asked.
“Bamb plants,” said Mm. “They’re strng and grw fast. They make gd building materials.”
“May I have a piece?”
“Sure.” Mm handed ne t him and made a nte n her ntebk.
The next day, Cllin made tiny hles int the piece f bamb and put small nails(钉子)int each hle. He pured a handful f pebbles(鹅卵石) inside and cvered the pen ends.
Cllin held the bamb piece carefully as he hurried hme. He hid it behind his back and pened the frnt dr. T his surprise, Mm and Dad were hme early frm wrk. Mm was carrying smething that lked like a cake.
He lked clser and realized Mm had made a cake with dried apples and cinnamn(肉桂皮) sugar. A real treat, n the Mn.
Cllin handed his sister the bamb rd. “Happy birthday!”
“What is it?” Carina asked, lking at it curiusly.
“A rain stick,” said Cllin. “Whenever yu turn it ver, the pebbles fall arund the nails and it sunds like rain.”
Carina turned the stick, and the rm was filled with a sund like rain drumming n a rf.
“It’s Mn Rain!” she said. “It makes me feel like I’m hme.” She smiled at Cllin and turned the rain stick ver again.
29．What may be the best title f this passage?
A．Bamb PlantsB．Mn Rain
C．Hmesick Again!D．United Family
30．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．This passage is part f a science fictin written fr scientific research.
B．The family mved t the new place in rder t d sme sightseeing.
C．Their new hme was n a dry land n the earth far frm their ld ne.
D．Carina didn’t think her parents wuld plan anything special fr her birthday.
31．Which f the fllwing can best describe Cllin?
A．Careful and brave.B．Caring and creative.
C．Generus and intellectual.D．Rmantic and ppular.
Lking at art shuld be like walking in the cuntryside. Yu may nt knw exactly where yu are, what bird is making that strange sund, r what the hill ahead f yu is called, but that’s part f the fun f it. Yu dn’t need t knw these things t feel the beauty f nature.
Of curse, if yu d knw yur birds, trees and lcal histry, a walk can be mre attractive. Yet such knwledge cmes slwly. It is picked up thrugh experience. A true knwledge f nature cannt just be given t yu thrugh an app n yur phne. Imagine pinting yur phne at the hill and getting plenty f infrmatin n screen. Wuld that enrich yur dreamy walk r ruin(毁灭) it?
Braggarts enjy an app that allws them t shw ff their knwledge, fr example, abut barque(巴洛克风格的) paintings. In fact, apps in museums try t prvide n-screen art histry at nce just t encurage peple t read their phnes instead f lking at paintings.
It is a mistaken idea that yu need t be spn-fed(灌输) amazing facts abut a wrk f art in rder t appreciate(欣赏) it. Our first experience f a wrk f art shuld be raw(自然状态的), unguided, and a bit puzzling, like fllwing a path in the wds. Later, yu might chse t d sme persnal research int the wrk. It can further increase yur enjyment and appreciatin fr it. Yet it is best dne when yu’re away frm the art itself, s that even when yu return, the wrk still feels fresh.
Anyne wh thinks knwing sme dates and details makes yu better understand a wrk f art is wrng. We all need t put aside ur screens and ur suppsed knwledge when we lk at art. Let the paintings flw in; let yur intuitins(直觉) fly ff. Art is a jurney in the wilderness r it is nthing at all.
32．What des the writer mainly want t say?
A．Art is best with the help f apps.
B．Art is best when hidden in mystery.
C．Art is nthing cmpared with nature.
D．Art is nthing when details and facts are knwn.
33．The underlined wrd “braggarts” refers t(指)_________.
A．peple wh like shwing ff
B．peple wh like barque paintings
C．thse wh are gd at appreciating art
D．thse wh are gd at painting with phnes
34．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A．Hw t appreciate a wrk f art.
B．Hw t persnal research int a wrk f art.
C．Hw t keep yur feelings abut a wrk f art fresh.
D．Hw t be spn-fed amazing facts abut a wrk f art.
35．what can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A．Because f apps, art will be ruined in the future.
B．A gd piece f art is usually made abut nature.
C．Research wrk and intuitins can bth help understand art.
D．Museums are nt suppsed t allw the use f mbile phnes.
The game f G was ne f the fur greatest artistic types in Chinese culture. It is nt nly a cmpetitive event f the mind, but als a bard game f entertainment.
Created in China mre than fur thusand years ag. G was intrduced t Krea and Japan ver 1, 000 years ag, and has since becme a favrite activity f many peple there. Tday, G still serves as a way f cultural exchange amng the peple in many Eastern and Western cuntries, as players in these cuntries take part in many internatinal games every year.
A game f G has many implicatins(含义) fr real life. It represents a square wrld f rund pieces in black and white. There are 181 black pieces and 180 white nes in ttal. While the bard is fixed, the pieces can be placed in millins upn millins f different ways, just as life in the real wrld may take many turns. The prper placement f each tiny G piece is similar t hw ne might slve a difficult prblem in life.
G pays much attentin t peaceful cmpetitin and cexistence (共存). In a game f G, the players d nt wipe ut(消灭) each ther’s pieces. Instead, they simply try t win a larger share f space while allwing the ther side sme space. Hwever, in chess and Chinese chess, the players try t wipe ut as many f the ther side’s pieces as pssible. The ne wh frces the ther side's cmmander(主帅) int a dead crner then wins the game. Therefre, G carries deeper cultural and philsphical cnntatins(哲学内涵).
Wu Qingyuan(1914-2014), a mdern G talent, believed that the final purpse f the game was t try t achieve peace. Instead f fighting as enemies, the tw players wrk tgether t play an excellent game.
41．—Ann, is this umbrella_________(yu) r Jack’s?
—It’s mine.
42．Surprising, my 12-year-ld daughter is wrried abut her_________(weigh).
43．Mr Li’s jb is t make sure everything in ur schl runs__________(smth).
44．Guangzhu, a mdern and develped city, is in the __________(suth)part f China.
45．Cking is ne f David’s___________(爱好).
46．Being healthy means keeping everything_________(好)balanced.
47．The __________(礼貌的)yu are, the mre thers will like yu.
48．Simn, let's meet___________(在……外面)the theatre at 2 ’clck.
49．Many parents are csidering__________(chse)a gd schl fr their children.
50．We must remember that the medical wrkers____________(fight)against the virus while we were resting at hme.
51．—Hw is yur prgram getting alng?
—Jack Ma____________(agree)t help us, but he has changed his mind.
52．Dn’t hand in yur reprt until all the infrmatin ___________(check).
53．Did Eric have his hmewrk_________(finish) befre 9 ’clck last night?
54．我们都在期望着尽快赢得比赛。
We____________________ as sn as pssible.
55．王老师对我们的发明如此满意，以致于多次表扬了我们。
Mr Wang was s________________________ many times.
56．你介意解释一下你为什么不想和Sandy保持联系吗？
Wuld yu mind______________________ Sandy?
57．你们学校多久升一次国旗？
_______________________________ in yur schl?
58．避免犯同样的错误是多么有必要啊！
_____________________________________!
59．丝绸摸上去比棉感觉更舒服。
________________________________ cttn.
60． 假如你是报社的编辑Sigmund，收到了初三学生Peter的一封求助信。请根据来信内容，用英文写一封回信，帮助Peter解决问題。
Dear Sigmund,
I had a quarrel(争吵) abut my hairstyle with my mther the ther day. She insisted that I shuld cut my hair shrt because f the cming zhngka, but I wanted t keep it lng. I dream f a lng hairstyle, but dn’t want t hurt my mther. What shuld I d? Hw can I persuade(说服) her?
Yurs,
Peter
注意：
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2. 表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；
3. 词数不少于100。文章的开头已为你写好, 不计人总词数。
Dear Peter,
It’s a pity that yu haven't cme t an agreement n yur hairstyle. But it’s cmmn fr parents and teenagers t have different pinins.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Sigmund
Title: A game f wisdm and peace
Main Parts
Detailed Infrmatin
Intrductin
The game f G is knwn as ne f Chinese greatest artistic types. It is a cmpetitin f the36．, and a game f entertainment as well.
Histry and imprtance
●G was created ver 4, 000 years ag in China and has37．thrughut the wrld ever since.
●Tday, G still plays an imprtant38．in Cultural exchange.
Implicatins and value
●G pieces can be placed in millins upn millins f different ways. In a39．way, peple may meet with lts f difficult prblems in life, and need t learn hw t slve them prperly.
●Cmpared with chess, G has deeper cnntatins since peace and cmpetitin cexist in a game f G while40．the enemy's cmmander is the nly purpse in chess.
●The real meaning f G is t achieve peace between tw sides.
参考答案
1．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：放轻松，几分钟之后还有两辆公共汽车过来。
考查不定代词。 anther又一个，再一个（三者或以上）；ther其他的，形容词；thers其他的，代词，泛指；the ther（两个中的）另一个，代词，剩余的，形容词。根据“tw buses”可知此处用“anther+基数词+复数名词”的结构，此处表达“还有两辆公共汽车”用anther tw buses。故选A。
2．D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：米莉的研究论文没有达到标准，尽管她已经写了两个星期了。
考查连词。since自从；unless除非；if如果；althugh尽管。“she has wrked at it fr tw weeks”她已经研究它两周了，表达让步，用连词althugh引导让步状语从句，故选D。
3．B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：一些书店和一个公园位于我们学校的西部。
考查动词和主谓一致。lies位于，动词的第三人称单数；lie位于；has有，动词的第三人称单数；have有。地点状语“T the west f ur schl”位于句首，是全部倒装，句子的主语是“sme bkstres and a park”，一些书店和一个公园是复数概念，谓语动词用lie表示“位于”。故选B。
4．A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——COVID-19爆发期间，你被要求待在家里吗？——是的。幸运地是，互联网使我们许多人在家里工作成为可能。
考查非谓语动词。require sb t d sth要求某人做某事；require ding sth某事需要被做。由“Were yu required___________ hme”可知，此处应为“要求某人待在家里”，故应用t stay；由 “the Internet made it pssible fr many f us________ frm hme”可知，本句为it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语的句式，故此处应为t wrk。故选A。
5．D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——吉姆，把音乐关小点。我们的孩子在睡觉。——别担心。他已经醒了半小时了。
考查动词时态。“孩子醒了半小时了”对现在的动作“是否要将音乐关小”产生了影响，故本句为现在完成时态；句中“fr half an hur”表时间段，故此处应用延续性动词 be awake，在现在完成时态下与时间段连用，即has been awake。故选D。
6．B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：当珍妮的父母看到珍妮的令人惊喜的改变时，他们完全惊讶了。
考查形容词。surprising令人惊讶的；surprised感到惊讶的；amazing令人惊喜的；amazed感到惊喜的。根据Jenny’s parents可知主语是人，第一空表达“父母感到惊讶的”，用surprised作表语。第二空修饰名词changes，用amazing做定语，表示“令人惊喜的改变”。故选B。
7．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：将建一座工厂来生产这种新能源汽车。
考查名词辨析。psitin位置，职位；ppulatin人口；prductin生产，产品；prnunciatin发音。根据句意可知，建工厂是为了新能源汽车的生产。故选C。
8．B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：使我高兴的是，我们不必去银行了。玛丽借给了我们一些钱。
考查情态动词辨析。shuldn’t不应该；needn’t不必，不需要；culdn’t不可能；wuldn’t不会。由“Mary has lent us sme mney”可知，玛丽已经借给我们钱了，所以我们不必再去银行了。故选B。
9．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我的很多时间都被练习弹吉他所占据。
考查动词短语。taken up占据；made up构成；put up张贴；set up建立。根据主语time，及“with practicing playing the guitar”可知弹吉他占据了我的时间，用动词短语 taken up。故选A。
10．C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你想尝尝野鸭吗？——不行。我们应该保护野生动物。
考查情景交际。上文“D yu want t try sme wild duck?”表示提建议，由下文“We shuld prtect wild animals.”可知，我们应该保护野生动物，所以不能吃野鸭，故此处对上文的提议表示拒绝，应用N way “不行，绝不”。故选C。
11．B
12．C
13．C
14．D
15．B
16．A
17．D
18．C
19．B
20．A
21．A
22．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者目睹了窗外发生的一场车祸，从而引发了作者关于如何评判他人与自我认识的反思。
11．
句意：你无法影响你将要看到的。
agreement同意；influence影响；discvery发现；impressin印象。由上文“The nly thing we can d is lk.”可知，我们无法影响将要看到的事情，唯一能做的事情只是看着。故选B。
12．
句意：一天，我在办公室里小睡，突然被车祸声吵醒。
symbl象征；sight视力；sund声音；sign记号。由“I wke up t the _____f a car crash”可知，我被车祸的声音惊醒了。故选C。
13．
句意：我一下子就不喜欢他了。
accepted接受；remembered记得；disliked不喜欢；greeted致意。由下文“this terrible man”“that villainus man ”可知作者觉得那个人可憎，由此可知是不喜欢他了。故选C。
14．
句意：令我吃惊的是，那个人试图修复他造成的损害。
cnfirm确认；avid避免；cver补偿；repair修理。由下文“Once he even funnily fell nt the rad when trying t pull the fence”可知，那个男人想要修理他造成的损害。故选D。
15．
句意：我笑了很多。
cmplained抱怨；laughed笑；learnt学习；thught想。由上文“Once he even funnily fell nt the rad…”及下文“…was brightening my whle day”可知，这个男人滑稽的修理栅栏的行为让我笑了。故选B。
16．
句意：我想，那将是他努力的终点。
end终点；fun乐趣；prblem问题；lessn教训。由下文“…was ging t _____ all the mess behind fr smene else t clean up”可知，我认为那个男人决定不再修理栅栏了，要将烂摊子留给别人，故此处应为“这是他努力的终点”。故选A。
17．
句意：那个人——那个恶棍——打算把所有的烂摊子都留给别人收拾。
hide隐藏；push推动；mve移动；leave遗留。由上文“That, I thught, wuld be the end f his effrts.”可知，我认为那个男人不会再修理栅栏了，要将烂摊子留给别人收拾。故选D。
18．
句意：但这就是窗户的力量。
quality质量；shame羞耻；pwer力量；truth真相。由上文“A windw…but pwerful tl”可知，窗户具有力量。故选C。
19．
句意：几分钟后，那人带着一些工具出现了。
friends朋友；tls工具；medicines药；plans计划。由下文“I watched ut f my windw as he kept n fixing the fence”可知，那个男人带着工具来修栅栏。故选B。
20．
句意：接下来的一个小时里，我看着窗外的他不停地修缮篱笆，直到栅栏变得格外安全，比以前更坚固。
until直到；when当……时；after在……之后；since自从。由“he kept n fixing the fence _____it was extra safe, strnger than befre.”可知，那个男人一直在修栅栏，直到它变得安全坚固，故此处应用until引导时间状语从句。故选A。
21．
句意：我意识到，我丑陋的假设都是关于我自己的。
ugly丑陋的；friendly友好的；prper正确的；pssible可能的。由上文“That, I thught, wuld be the end f his effrts. …This man was a her”可知，我之前认为这个男人会将烂摊子留给别人，但是他重新出现直到修好栅栏，所以我之前关于这个男人的设想是丑陋的。故选A。
22．
句意：如果我遇到这样一个混乱的局面，我会害怕和逃跑。
encuraged受到鼓舞的；pleased高兴的；scared害怕的；relaxed放松的。由“I wuld be _____and run away if I came acrss such a messy situatin”可知，我遇到这样混乱的局面会害怕并逃走。故选C。
23．D
24．C
25．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍拉丁语、希腊语、日语和汉语，这几门语言学习都是有难度的。
23．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Spanish and Italian are the easiest fr English speakers t learn”可知对于讲英语的人来说，西班牙语和意大利语更容易学，故选D。
24．
推理判断题。根据第三段“Latin languages share many wrds with English. Hwever, thse shared wrds lk r sund similar, but have different meanings ver time”拉丁语和英语有很多单词共享，但是看上去或者听起来相似的单词意义不同，A选项“两种语言单词相同意义相同”表述错误。根据第四段“It is als a language that has cntributed many wrds t English”希腊语给英语贡献了很多单词，B选项“英语和希腊语使用相同的字母表”表述错误。根据第五段“Cunting bjects in Japanese depends n whether they are lng and thin (like ‘rads’), small and rund (like ‘apples’), thin and flat (like ‘sheets f paper’), and hundreds mre examples”可知物体的数数在日语里根据形状是不同的。C选项表述正确。D选项讲普通话和讲粤语的人写汉语不同，文中没有提到。故选C。
25．
写作目的题。文章主要介绍拉丁语、希腊语、日语和汉语，这几门语言学习都是有难度的。可推知写作的目的是为了给读者介绍外语学习的困难的一些信息。故选C。
26．A
27．C
28．D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述1918年的流感的爆发以及它如此的致命的原因。
26．
主旨大意题。根据“The utbreak f the 1918 influenza infected…”,“When the first wave in the spring f 1918 hit,…”以及“researchers annunced they’d discvered why the 1918 flu was s deadly”可概括出文章主要介绍1918年的流感如此的致命的原因，故选A。
27．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“why the 1918 flu was s deadly. The flu virus inflamed the lungs, causing them t fill with liquid”流感病毒使肺恶化，导致肺充满了液体。故选C。
28．
推理判断题。A选项戴口罩是治疗的最好办法文中没有提到，A选项排除。根据“Many peple wh became sick were yung, healthy adults”很多人生病都是年轻健康的成年人，B选项“更年轻的人被感染的风险低一些”表述错误。根据倒数第三段“When the first wave in the spring f 1918 hit, it didn't seem serius…Thse wh gt sick generally gt better after several days. Nt many died”第一波不是很严重，很多生病的人几天之后都好转了没人死亡，以及倒数第二段“By the summer f 1919, the flu pandemic came t an end. Sick peple had either gt well r died”1919年夏天流感结束，生病的人要么康复要么死了，C选项“人们期望第二波流感的爆发，但是不能阻止它”表述错误。根据最后一段“Since 1918, there have been several ther influenza pandemics, althugh nne has been quite as deadly”自从1918有其他的流感没有一个有那样致命。可知它比现代历史上的其他流感更致命。D选项表述正确。故选D。
29．B
30．D
31．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述卡丽娜搬到新家之后想她以前的家也想她的朋友，她的生日快到了，觉得父母没有计划为她的生日准备什么特别的东西，但是最后她得到了很特别的礼物。
29．
标题概括题。文章讲述卡丽娜搬到新家之后想家也想她的朋友，生日快到了，觉得父母没有为她的生日准备什么特别的东西，但是最后得到了很特别的礼物。根据最后一段“It’s Mn Rain! makes me feel like I’m hme”可将标题概括为Mn Rain。故选B。
30．
推理判断题。根据“my birthday is in tw days, and I dn't think Mm and Dad are planning anything special. They're t busy”可知卡丽娜的生日快到了，认为父母没有什么特别的计划，因为他们太忙了。故选D。
31．
推理判断题。A选项意为小心的和勇敢的；B选项意为体贴人的和有创造力的；C选项意为慷慨的和有才智的；D选项意为浪漫的和受欢迎的。根据“ ‘A rain stick,’ said Cllin. ‘Whenever yu turn it ver, the pebbles fall arund the nails and it sunds like rain.’”可知科林担心卡丽娜过生日没有礼物会很伤心，而且记得卡丽娜提到想念地球上的雨声，特意为她创造了rain stick这个礼物，说明科林是体贴人的而且很有创造力。故选B。
32．B
33．A
34．A
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文，文章讲述手机应用程序介绍艺术作品的一些历史信息，给人们灌输一些令人惊喜的信息帮助欣赏艺术作品这种想法是错误的，艺术作品的欣赏最好是隐藏在神秘中，就像在荒野里的旅行一样。
32．
推理判断题。根据第四段“It is a mistaken idea that yu need t be spn-fed amazing facts abut a wrk f art in rder t appreciate it .Our first experience f a wrk f art shuld be raw, unguided, and a bit puzzling, like fllwing a path in the wds”为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是生的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走在树林的小路上，最后一段“Art is a jurney in the wilderness r it is nthing at all”艺术是在荒野里的旅行。可知作者主要想表达的是艺术最好被隐藏在神秘中。故选B。
33．
词义猜测题。根据“enjy an app that allws them t shw ff their knwledge”喜欢一种应用程序来炫耀他们的知识，可知braggarts的含义是喜欢炫耀的人。故选A。
34．
段落大意题。根据“Our first experience f a wrk f art shuld…” 以及“Later, yu might chse…”可知第四段主语讲述怎样去欣赏艺术作品，为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是自然状态的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走在树林的小路上；然后你还可以选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺术的欣赏。故选A。
35．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Later, yu might chse t d sme persnal research int the wrk. It can further increase yur enjyment and appreciatin fr it”选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺术的欣赏，及最后一段“let yur intuitins fly ff”让你的直觉飞出来。可知研究和直觉都能帮助理解艺术。故选C。
36．mind
37．spread
38．rle/part
39．similar
40．beating/killing
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍围棋的基本知识，历史发展及重要性，以及它的文化内涵和价值。
36．
根据第一段“ It is nt nly a cmpetitive event f the mind, but als a bard game f entertainment”它不仅是关于大脑的有竞争力的项目，也是一种娱乐的棋类游戏。定冠词the后面填名词mind。故答案为mind。
37．
根据第二段“Created in China mre than fur thusand years ag. G was intrduced t Krea and Japan ver 1, 000 years ag, and has since becme a favrite activity f many peple there” 围棋被介绍到韩国和日本，从此已经成为那里很多人的喜爱的活动。根据has及ever since可知此处时现在完成时，此处用has spread表示“扩散”。故答案为spread。
38．
根据第二段“Tday, G still serves as a way f cultural exchange amng the peple in many Eastern and Western cuntries, as players in these cuntries take part in many internatinal games every year”围棋作为很多中西方国家人们的文化交换的方式。此处用动词短语play an imprtant part in或者play an imprtant rle in表示“起重要作用”。故答案为rle/part。
39．
名词way前用形容词修饰。根据第三段“While the bard is fixed, the pieces can be placed in millins upn millins f different ways, just as life in the real wrld may take many turns. The prper placement f each tiny G piece is similar t hw ne might slve a difficult prblem in life”棋盘一固定，可以有很多下棋的方法，每一种棋子的恰当的放置方法和怎样解决生活中的难题相似。此处用is similar t的相似表达，此处用方式状语in a similar way。故答案为similar。
40．
根据is可知从句的主语是单数概念。根据倒数第二段“in chess and Chinese chess, the players try t wipe ut as many f the ther side’s pieces as pssible. The ne wh frces the ther side's cmmander int a dead crner then wins the game”在象棋里棋手试图摧毁另一方的很多棋子，让对方的主帅进入死局就赢得了比赛。表达“打败”用动名词beating或者killing做主语。故答案为beating/killing。
41．yurs
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——安，这把雨伞是你的还是杰克的？——这是我的。根据“It’s mine”可知问句表达的是“是你的雨伞”用名词性物主代词yurs,相当于yur umbrella,故答案为yurs。
42．weight
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：令人惊讶的是，我的12岁的女儿担心她的体重。
句子缺少宾语，her表示“她的”，形容词性物主代词后跟名词，此处用weigh的名词形式weight，意思是“体重”。故答案为weight。
43．smthly
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：李先生的工作就是确保我们学校的一切顺利进行。动词runs用副词修饰，此处用smth的副词变化smthly，表示“顺利地”。故填smthly。
44．suthern
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：广州是一个现代化的发达城市，位于中国的南方。名词part前用形容词修饰，the suthern part f China意为“中国的南方”。故答案为suthern。
45．hbbies
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：烹饪是大卫的爱好之一。David’s表示“大卫的”后面接名词，此处表达“……之一”用“ne f +复数名词”的结构，此处用复数名词hbbies表示“爱好”。故答案为hbbies。
46．well
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：健康意味着一切都要保持很好地平衡。形容词balanced用副词修饰，表示“好”此处用副词well。故填well。
47．pliter
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：你越礼貌，其他人越喜欢你。此处表示“越……越……”用“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表达“礼貌的”用形容词plite，比较级是pliter，故填pliter。
48．utside
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：西门，让我们两点钟在电影院外面见面。此处是地点状语，表达“在电影院的外面”用介词utside。故填为utside。
49．chsing
【解析】
【详解】
句意：许多家长都在考虑为孩子选择一所好学校。cnsider ding sth考虑做某事，故此处应用所给动词chse“选择”的动名词形式。故填chsing。
50．were fighting
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我们必须记得当我们正在家休息的时候，医疗工作者正在抗击病毒。根据“while we were resting at hme”可知此处表示两个动作的同时进行，were resting是过去进行时，空处用过去进行时was/were ding；主语是the medical wrkers，是复数名词，动词用were fighting表示“正在抗击病毒”。故填were fighting。
51．agreed
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——你的计划进展如何？——马云之前同意帮我，但是他已经改变他的主意了。
根据“but he has changed his mind”表达他已经改变了主意，说明“同意帮我”是发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时态，此处用过去式agreed表示“同意”。故答案为agreed。
52．is checked
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：直到所有的信息都被核查才能上交你的报告。句子是一般现在时，all the infrmatin是不可数名词，和动词check之间是被动关系，动词用一般现在时的被动形式is checked。故填is checked。
53．finished
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：艾瑞克昨晚九点之前完成了他的家庭作业了么？动词have的宾语“his hmewrk”与finish之间是被动关系，此处用“have sth. dne”，表示“让家庭作业被做”，此处用过去分词finished。故填finished。
54．are lking frward t winning the match
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
表示“都在期待着”用现在进行时态，构成为“be+ ding”，lk frward t ding sth期盼着做某事，t为介词，后面接动名词winning表示“赢得”，the match特指这场比赛。故填are lking frward t winning the match。
55．satisfied with ur inventin that he praised us
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
表达“对我们的发明满意”用形容词短语be satisfied with,宾语用“形容词性物主代词+名词”是ur inventin。表达“如此……以至于”用“s…that…”引导结果状语从句，此处从句的主语用he代替Mr Wang，根据was可知句子是一般过去时态，谓语动词“表扬”用过去式praised，宾语是“我们”用宾格us。故答案为satisfied with ur inventin that he praised us。
56．explaining why yu dn’t want t keep in tuch with
【解析】
【详解】
mind ding sth介意做某事，其后应接动名词形式；explain解释，动词；want t d sth想要做某事，其后应接动词不定式；keep in tuch with和……保持联系；由句意及句子结构可知本句应用why引导宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，且为否定句，从句时态为一般现在时，句中有实义动词，主语为第二人称，故应用助动词dn't。故填explaining why yu dn’t want t keep in tuch with。
57．Hw ften is the natinal flag raised
【解析】
【详解】
由句意可知，本句应用Hw ften“多久一次”来引导特殊疑问句；the natinal flag国旗； raise升起。“国旗”与“升起”之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，即国旗被升起，故本句为被动语态；分析句意可知本句为一般现在时，主语the natinal flag为第三人称单数，故此处应将be动词is提到主语前，构成疑问句式。故填Hw ften is the natinal flag raised。
58．Hw necessary it is t avid making the same mistake
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
表达“多么必要”用hw引导感叹句，结构是“hw+形容词+主语+谓语动词+其他”，此处必要的用形容词necessary，放在hw的后面。句子的真正的主语是“避免犯同样的错误”，用动词不定式；句子用it做形式主语，变成hw necessary it is。“避免”用动词短语avid ding， “犯错误”用短语making mistakes,表示“同样的”用the same修饰mistakes。故答案为Hw necessary it is t avid making the same mistake！
59．Silk feels mre cmfrtable than
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
这是陈述句，主语是丝绸silk，是不可数名词；谓语动词是感官动词，“摸上去”用feel，句子讲述的是一般的状态，动词是一般现在时，feel变成第三人称单数形式feels。根据“更舒服”可知是比较级，用形容词比较级mre cmfrtable，表示“比棉”用than cttn。故填Silk feels mre cmfrtable than。
60．例文；
Dear Peter,
It’s a pity that yu haven't cme t an agreement n yur hairstyle. But it’s cmmn fr parents and teenagers t have different pinins. As parents, they want gd things fr their children. They may think yur lng hair can get in the way f yur schlwrk.
Yu’d better cmmunicate with yur parents. Yu can tell them that yu shuld be allwed t make this chice yurself. If talking t yur parents is difficult, yu can find anther way t cmmunicate with them. Learn t write dwn what yu want t say and give them a letter. Shw yur lve t them and yur wrries as well. They will always lve yu and stand by yur side.
Best wishes,
Sigmund
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目属于书信写作。在写作时应承接短文开头继续写作；根据题目要求回信帮助皮特解决与父母争论的问題。
2.写作指导：本文用第二人称来写作；时态采用一般现在时为主，关于怎样处理与父母有争议的问题的建议，叙述完整，条理清晰。