中招英语试题命题趋势及专题训练（十一）阅读理解议论文

这是一份中招英语试题命题趋势及专题训练（十一）阅读理解议论文，共30页。

中招英语试题命题趋势及专题训练
（十四）阅读理解议论文
议论文一般缺乏趣味性，所以在中考中出现的频率不是很高，但是也偶有出现，因此对于这类题材的文章的特点及解题的关键考生也应该有适当的了解。
议论文往往有观点，有事实，逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。所以考生要培养根据上下文猜词的能力，或者说根据情境能揣测作者的意图。议论文的阅读同其他体裁文章的阅读理解一样，可以有主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测等几种出题方式。
1.议论文短文通常没有标题，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
 2. 第一遍通读短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一两遍，直到明确大意为止。
3. 做题时切勿边看边做，这样往往只见树木不见森林。因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。 必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。可以从文中结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
二、解题方法：
一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨
标题往往是全文的主题，审视标题，有利于理解全文，提高解题效率。主题句对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用。根据主题句既可以知道文章议论的是什么，也可以知道作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。议论文题材偏难，但其框架一般都很清晰，多采用总—分—总的结构，交替使用正面和反面的论证方式。通常，先总说现象或观点；其次，正面陈述、反面论证；最后作者表明自己的态度，再次总结文章。通常主题句会出现在文章的首句或句末，在这些地方要多留意表示归纳的词汇，也可以在具体事例之后或之前的表示观点的陈述句中寻找。
二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解
除主旨题外，细节理解题也是阅读理解题中的基础题，它主要考查学生对文中的具体事例、数字、时间、地点等的理解。经常出现排序题(按事情发展顺序排序)，图表题(按文章内容找出正确图形)，正误题(依据文章内容对所列的陈述进行正误判断) 。对这种题型，无论细节题如何变化形式，立足点都应是从文章中找出相应词句作为依据。虽然答案中有的细节在文中很清楚，但可能与问题无关。细节题的破解一般用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、分析、对比，有根据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。假如问题采用的是反向思维，题中含有not或except等表示否定意义的词，则需要更加留意。此法可以加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率。做此类题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。
三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图
做推理判断题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，站在作者的视角，而不是主观臆断、凭空想象，从而走入误区。英语文章讲究使用主题段与主题句，段与段之间通常有过渡性词语连接，承上启下，使文章行文连贯。有时文章还会在时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑推理上运用较高级的手段进行组编。要想准确、深刻地理解文章，必须对文章的结构有所了解，把握全篇的文脉，即句内、句间和段落间的修辞手段或逻辑关系。作者往往在构思语篇前会进行预先设定：读者知道什么，不知道什么，读者可能与自己共同拥有什么样的生活经验、思想见地和需求欲望等，然后设计一些隐藏在语篇深层的＂潜台词＂。因此，这类试题要求考生利用主题句进行推测，揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用背景知识去挖掘文章的深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调。
四、多读多背，扩大词汇量，掌握猜词技巧
由于当今的阅读文章题材广泛，体裁多样，经常出现一词多义，甚至出现没学过的词汇。许多学生感到困扰很大，有的甚至烦躁得难以坚持阅读下去。要解决阅读中的生词问题，一是要扩大英语词汇量，二是要学习并掌握一些猜测生词词义的方法，如：利用同义、反义、上义、下义、词的集合、词的搭配等关系；利用照应、替代、省略、定义、举例等情境关系；利用词缀、转化、合成等构词法；利用后置定语或同位语等语法结构；利用前后对比或因果推理法等。
总之，想要提高阅读能力，尤其是对考生来说难度较大的议论文阅读，学生应能从篇章和试题双方面入手。通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，优化阅读理解中议论文的解题思路和方法策略，提高学生自主学习的能力。
（一）
All living things on Earth need water to live. Yet humans are facing serious water problems. According to the United Nations, today over 663 million people live without a safe water supply close to home.
To remind people of the importance of water, the UN first set up World Water Day in 1993. It is on Mar 22 each year. From Mar 22 to 28 is also the China Water Week. The first year’s theme is ＂Waste water＂. It tried to call people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it.
In Australia people make good use of waste water. Most Australians have a grass lawn around their home instead of washing the car in the street. Many of them wash it on the lawn to keep the grass longer so that it covers the ground and reduce evaporation.
Rainwater may seem useless to you. But you can also reuse it. People in Germany collect rainwater to wash their toilets. Most houses in the country that are built in the last few years have rainwater collection devices（设备）. Rainwater is collected from the root, and then linked to the toilet. But if you don’t have the device just put a bucket（桶）under your roof when it rains.
Water makes up 71 percent of Earth’s surface. But we can only use a very small part of it. Only about 3 percent of the world’s water is fresh water. It’s in lakes, rivers and underground.
Over 80 percent of the waste water in the world goes back into the nature. It has not been cleaned and pollutes the rivers and lakes. Unsafe water makes around 842,000 people die each year.
By 2030, about half of the world’s population could be facing water problem. By 2050, as many as seven billion people across the world could not have enough water supplies. The world’s population might be 9.3 billion by then.
1. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that___________.
A. people around the world are facing serious water problems
B. water is always the most important in our school lives
C. saving water can help us better improve the environment
D. people in different places have different habits to use water.
2. The China Water Week in 2017 tries to___________.
A. collect rainwater to wash their toilets
B. remind people of the importance of water
C. put a bucket under your roof when it rains.
D. call people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it.
3. The word ＂reduce＂ in Paragraph 3 most probably means ＂___________ .＂.
A. sit down B. cut down C. put down D. write down
4. What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To share his rich knowledge about water.
B. To warn more people to save water.
C. To show how water problems change the world.
D. To tell people how to discover safe water supply.
5. Which of the following would be the title of the passage?
A. Water in the world has become less and less.
B. Unsafe water makes so many people die.
C. Our planet will face serious water problems.
D. Learning to save water to protect our planet.
【文章大意】作者介绍的是世界各地水资源短缺的问题以及各国为了节约水资源而做的努力，呼吁人们节约用水、保护地球。
1. A 【解析】题意：从第一段，我们可以看出，___________。综合理解题。A. people around the world are facing serious water problems. 世界各地的人们都面临严重的水问题。B. water is always the most important in our school lives在我们的学校生活中，水总是最重要的。C. saving water can help us better improve the environment.节约用水可以帮助我们更好地改善环境。D. people in different places have different habits to use water.不同地方的人使用水的习惯不同。根据Yet humans are facing serious water problems.和下文的数字，可知人类面临严重的水问题，故选A。
2. D 【解析】题意：2017中国水资源周试图___________。细节理解题。A. collect rainwater to wash their toilets收集雨水来冲洗厕所。B. remind people of the importance of water提醒人们水的重要性。C. put a bucket under your roof when it rains. 下雨的时候把水桶放在你的屋顶下面。D. call people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it. 呼吁人们重复使用废水而不是浪费废水。根据It tried to call people to reuse waste water instead of wasting it.，可知选D。
3. B 【解析】题意：第三段单词＂reduce＂最有可能的意思是＂___________＂。词义理解题。A. sit down坐下；B. cut down减少；C. put down放下；D. write down写下。根据前文keep the grass longer so that it covers the ground，可知让草覆盖地面的目的是＂减少蒸发＂，故选B。
4. B 【解析】题意：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？综合理解题。A. To share his rich knowledge about water. 分享他丰富的水知识。B. To warn more people to save water.警告更多人节约用水。C. To show how water problems change the world.展示水问题如何改变世界。D. To tell people how to discover safe water supply.告诉人们如何发现安全的供水。根据短文内容，作者介绍的是世界各地水资源短缺的问题，呼吁人们节约用水，可知ACD三项都与文意不合，故选B。
5. D 【解析】题意：下面哪一个是文章的标题？细节理解题。A. Water in the world has become less and less. 世界上的水越来越少了。B. Unsafe water makes so many people die.不安全的水会导致许多人死亡。C. Our planet will face serious water problems. 我们的星球将面临严重的水问题。D. Learning to save water to protect our planet.学会节约用水保护我们的星球。根据短文内容，作者介绍的是世界各地水资源短缺的问题，呼吁人们节约用水、保护地球，可知选D。
（二）

Alex is reading a book about AI, artificial intelligence(人工智能) . He finds the book a little difficult but very interesting. Though the word AI is very popular now, he enjoys reading it very much. He has learned a new idea about AI from the book.
When people ask AI a question,, it answers the question in a very short time. So people may feel that AI can think and answer questions as human beings do. Before Alex read this book, he believed this, too. However, this book says it will never happen. Actually, AI only uses a lot of information to get the best answer. So when it has more information, the answer will be much closer to the perfect one. AI technologies will be clever tools for human beings to use. This book also says almost half of our jobs will be done by AI technologies in the near future. People will soon find more AI technologies in our lives, such as checking the tickets, the price, people’s faces and fingers.
So, we believe that we will have much happier lives with these AI technologies around us.
1. What is the short form for “artificial intelligence”?
A. PC. B. AI. C. NBA. D. UFO.
2. What does Alex think of the book?
A. Difficult but interesting. B. Easy but important.
C. Popular and interesting. D. Difficult and important.
3. What new idea does Alex get from the book?
A. AI can think by itself. B. AI can’t answer questions immediately
C. AI can have ideas of its own. D. AI will never think by itself.
4. What is the meaning of the underlined part(划线部分) in the article?
A. Some of the jobs can be done by AI. B. All the jobs can be done by AI.
C. None of the jobs can be done by AI. D. AI will take the place of human beings.
5. Which of the following is true?
A. AI is used everywhere in the world now. B. AI will have its own opinions in the future.
C. Al finds the best answer by using information. D. AI thinks and answers questions as people do.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了人工智能的相关情况。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Alex is reading a book about AI, artificial intelligence(人工智能) . ”可知亚历克斯正在读一本关于AI，也就是人工智能的书，故答案选B。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“He finds the book a little difficult but very interesting. ”可知亚历克斯觉得这本书有点难，但很有趣。故答案选A。
3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据“people may feel that AI can think and answer questions as human beings do. Before Alex read this book, he believed this, too. However, this book says it will never happen. Actually, AI only uses a lot of information to get the best answer. ”人们可能会觉得人工智能可以像人类一样思考和回答问题。在亚历克斯读这本书之前，他也相信这一点。但是，这本书说它永远不会发生。实际上，人工智能只使用大量信息来获得最佳答案。因此可知亚历克斯从这本书中得到了一个新想法，那就是AI永远不会自己思考。故答案选D。
4.A【解析】句意理解题。根据下文“such as checking the tickets, the price, people’s faces and fingers. ”比如验票、价格、人脸和手指。结合“People will soon find more AI technologies in our lives,”可知此处说的是有些工作可以由AI来做，故答案选A。
5.C【解析】理解判断题。根据“This book also says almost half of our jobs will be done by AI technologies in the near future. ”这本书还说，在不久的将来，我们几乎一半的工作将由人工智能技术完成。可知，人工智能现在并没有在世界各地都使用，所以A选项错误。根据“people may feel that AI can think and answer questions as human beings do. Before Alex read this book, he believed this, too. However, this book says it will never happen. Actually, AI only uses a lot of information to get the best answer. ”人们可能会觉得人工智能可以像人类一样思考和回答问题。在亚历克斯读这本书之前，他也相信这一点。但是，这本书说它永远不会发生。实际上，人工智能只使用大量信息来获得最佳答案。可知人工智能不会有自己的观点，也不能像人类一样思考和回答问题，但是它可以使用大量信息来获得最佳答案，因此B、D选项错误，而C选项表示正确；故答案选C。
（三）
Popeye the Sailor first became a popular cartoon in the 1930s. The sailor in that cartoon ate lots of spinach（菠菜）to make him strong. People watched him, and they began to buy and eat a lot more spinach. Popeye helped sell 33 percent more spinach than before! Spinach became a necessary part of many people’s diets. Even some children who hated the taste began to eat the vegetable.
Many people thought that the iron in spinach made Popeye strong, but this is not true. Spinach does not have any more iron than any other green vegetable.
People only thought spinach had a lot of iron because the people who studied the food made a mistake. In the 1890s, a group of people studied what was inside vegetables. This group said that spinach had ten times more iron than it did. The group wrote the number wrong, and everyone accepted it.
Today, we know that the little into there is in spinach cannot make a difference in how strong a person is. However, SPINACH DOES HAVE SOMETHING ELSE WHICH THE BODY NEEDS--FOLICACID.（叶酸）
It is interesting to point out that folic acid can help make a person strong. Maybe it was really the folic acid that made Popeye strong all along.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Popeye the Sailor B. A Mistake with Numbers
C. Folic Acid Makes You Strong D. The Truth about Spinach
2. Why did many people eat spinach after they saw Popeye the Sailor?
A. Because they thought spinach made them strong.
B. Because they thought Popeye was funny.
C. Because spinach had a lot of iron.
D. Because people liked folic acid.
3. The reading passage says that perhaps Popeye got his strength from .
A. iron B. spinach C. folic acid D. exercise
4. Folic acid is _______ .
A. something in food B. a vegetable
C. dangerous D. a certain kind of spinach
【文章大意】从二十世纪三十年代动画片《大力水手》的播映以来，菠菜成了人们餐桌上必不可少的一道菜，人们都认为菠菜所含的铁会赋予人力量。事实上，菠菜里含的铁并不比别的蔬菜多，只是菠菜中的叶酸才能够使人身体强壮，在本文中作者揭示了这一事实。
1. D 【解析】题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么？主旨大意题。A. Popeye the Sailor大力水手；B. A Mistake with Numbers数字的错误。C. Folic Acid Makes You Strong叶酸使你强壮；D. The Truth About Spinach关于菠菜的真相。文章开头提出《大力水手》的播映使得人们一致认为菠菜会给人神奇的力量，然后下文指出this is not true.，接下来作者讲述了有关菠菜的事实，由此可知文章中心内容是纠正人们对于菠菜错误的认识，故答案选B。
2. A 【解析】题意：在许多人看到《大力水手》后，为什么他们吃菠菜？推理判断题。A. Because they thought spinach made them strong. 因为他们认为菠菜使他们强壮。B. Because they thought Popeye was funny. 因为他们认为大力水手很有趣。C. Because spinach had a lot of iron. 因为菠菜有很多铁。D. Because people liked folic acid. 因为人们喜欢吃叶酸。根据第一段中The sailor in that cartoon ate lots of spinach（菠菜）to make him strong. People watched him, and they began to buy and eat a lot more spinach.（在卡通片里，吃了很多菠菜的大力水手，使他强壮。人们观看他，他们开始买菠菜，吃更多的菠菜。）结合题意、语境和选项可知选A。
3. C 【解析】题意：阅读短文说，也许大力水手从____________得到他的力量。细节理解题。A. iron铁；B. spinach菠菜；C. folic acid叶酸；D. exercise锻炼。根据最后一段It is interesting to point out that folic acid can help make a person strong. Maybe it was really the folic acid that made Popeye strong all along.（有趣的是，指出了叶酸能使人强壮。也许就是叶酸自始至终使大力水手强壮。）结合题意、语境和选项可知选C。
4. A 【解析】题意：叶酸是____________。细节理解题。A. something in food食物中的某种东西；B. a vegetable一种蔬菜；C. dangerous危险的；D. a certain kind of spinach某种菠菜。根据文章第四段spinach does have something else which the body needs—folic acid.可知folic acid（叶酸）是食物中的某种东西。结合题意、语境和选项可知选A。
（四）

I think there are several reasons that suggest developing robots is a waste of money.
In San Diego recently $325,000 was spent on inventing a robotic squirrel to do some scientific experiments. The research proved that squirrels are able to scare away snakes by wagging (摇动) their tails. Do you need a robotic squirrel to work this out?
What about AIBO, a robotic pet, developed in Japan? In Japanese aibou means “buddy”. These pets have been developed at huge cost mainly to provide entertainment. They've been used in movies and music videos. Universities have used them for educational purposes. However, in 2006 the company stopped producing these robotic pets in order to save money. Was it worth a lot of money?
Then there’s NAO, a robot which has been developed by a French company. Its main purpose is to make life easier for humans. It speaks 19 languages and has its own personality. It can tell children a story, help in the classroom or the home, or act as a companion to those people who need someone to be with. A fully developed one costs $16,000. Is that value for money? Who can afford it anyway?
There may be good reasons why it is worth developing robots, but so far I haven’t thought of any.
1. What does the underlined word “companion” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese?
A. 公司 B. 机构 C. 对手 D. 伙伴
2. What is the true fact about the robots mentioned?
A. The robotic squirrel is needed by every scientist to do some research.
B. AIBO wasn’t made any more because it only provided entertainment.
C. A fully developed NAO may tell kids stories in different languages.
D. All the three types of robots used to be produced at a very low cost.
3. What does the writer think of developing robots?
A. It can help bring people a lot of fun. B. It has advantages in many ways.
C. It may be useful but costs too much. D. It is worth a great deal of money.
【文章大意】本文作者通过举例说明开发机器人是浪费钱，开发机器人可能有很好的理由，但作者目前还没想到。
1.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境“act as a companion to those people who need someone to be with”讲“作那些需要陪伴的人的一名____”，结合选项可知应是“伙伴”。故选D。
2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第2段中“In San Diego recently $325,000 was spent on inventing a robotic squirrel to do some scientific experiments. ”讲到发明松鼠机器人来做一些科学实验，并未提到每个科学家都需要，A项错误；根据第2段中“However, in 2006 the company stopped producing these robotic pets in order to save money.”可知停止生产AIBO是为了省钱，B项错误；根据第3段中“It speaks 19 languages and has its own personality. It can tell children a story ...”可知一个完全开发的NAO可以用不同的语言给孩子讲故事，C项正确；根据文中价格信息“$325,000”“at huge cost”“$16,000”可知这些机器人的生产耗资巨大，D项错误。故选C。
3.C【解析】观点态度题。根据第一段中“I think there are several reasons that suggest developing robots is a waste of money.”及文中例子可知作者认为开发机器人可能是有用的，但花费太多，是在浪费钱。故选C。
（四）
Smartphone, poor sight
Look around and you’ll see people busy on their smart phones. Smart phones do make our lives easier. But have you ever thought about what they mean to your eyes?
According to a study, half of British people own smart phones and they spend an average of two hours a day using them. There has been a 35% increase in the number of people in the UK who suffer from shortsightedness since smart phones were introduced there in 1997.
Staring at smart phones for a long time gives you dry eyes. When looking at something in the distance, your eyes automatically blink a certain number of times. However, when you look at things closer to your face, the blinking slows down. This reduces the amount of tears and causes discomfort in your eyes. Another bad habit is using smart phones in dark rooms before going to sleep. If you look at a bright screen while your pupils become larger, too much light enters your eyes. This can do harm to the eyes and cause a disease called glaucoma.
While you’re probably not going to stop using to your smart phone, there are a few things you can do to protect your eyes. Hold your phone at least 30 continues away from your eyes when using it. Take a break every hour and try the following: look at something at least five meters from you and then focus on the tip of your nose. Repeat this several times. It should reduce the discomfort in your eyes.
1. The article is mainly about ________.
A. the rules to obey when using smart phones
B. the harm that smart phones do to users’ eyes
C. the reason why teenager get shortsightedness
D. advantages and disadvantages of smart phones
2. From Paragraph 2, we learn that _______.
A. half of the British people began to use smart phones 17 years ago
B. each of the British people spends two hours a day on smart phones
C. more British people have suffered from shortsightedness since 1997
D. the number of British people who own smart phones increases by 35%
3. According to Paragraph 3, using smart phones improperly may cause _______.
A. too many blinks B. more tears in the eyes
C. smaller pupils D. dry eyes and glaucoma
4. Which of the following is suggested by the writer?
A. Don’t use the phone for over an hour without a break.
B. Hold the phone at learn half a meter away from the eyes.
C. Turn off your phone for a couple of hours every day.
D. Look at something green far away for several minutes.
5. This article is written to advise people_______.
A. not to buy smart phones B. to stop using smart phones
C. to make full use of smart phones D. to use smart phones properly
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述了使用手机的危害，并建议我们要恰当地使用手机。
1. B 【解析】根据Smartphone, poor sight以及下文描述，指的是手机对我们眼睛的危害，故选B。
2. C 【解析】根据There has been a 35% increase in the number of people in the UK who suffer from
shortsightedness since smart phones were introduced there in 1997可知，越来越多的人受到了手机的危
害，故选C。
3. D 【解析】根据Staring at smart phones for long time gives you dry eyes以及This can do harm to the eyes and cause a disease called glaucoma可知选D。
4. A 【解析】根据Take a break every hour and try the following可知选A。
5. D 【解析】本文主要讲述了使用手机的危害，并建议我们使用手机时每个小时都要休息一下，根据句意，故选C。
（五）

Whether from news reports or social media articles, you may know that 5G is coming.
5G is the 5th generation network. It is a new network(网络)after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G and it can connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon. 5G means super-fast data(数据) speed, one can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.
5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast data transmission(传输)to communicate with their nearby environment. 5G is just what makes self-driving cars achieve this. Eyen airplanes will become "smart" in the near future. Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet or place orders for food and drinks.
5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms.
It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.
The facts listed above are only a part of what 5G will make possible and popular. Just as in the early days of the Internet in the 1990s, few could see how it could change the world. The same will surely be true of 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams anymore. Now let's get ready to say goodbye to 4G and welcome the coming of 5G.
1. How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G?
A. 15 seconds. B. 8 seconds. C. 10 minutes. D. 2 hours.
2. The underlined word "remotely" means________in Chinese.
A. 快速地 B. 高效地 C. 远程地 D. 科学地
3. From the last paragraph, we can know that________.
A. 4G is no more used in our daily life now
B. the writer is worried about the coming of 5G
C. with 5G, some of our dreams will come true for sure one day
D. in the 1990s, all the people believed that the Internet would change our life
4. 5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT________.
A. self-driving cars B. "smart" airplanes
C. online classes D. hospitals without doctors
5. About 5G, ________ is NOT mentioned in the passage.
A. to be used freely B. super-fast data speed
C. to connect everyone and everything together D. to make life more convenient than 4G
【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍了5G的一些优势。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“one can download a two-hour movie for fewer than 10 seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.”可知，使用5G网络下载一部2小时的电影只需要不到10秒。结合选项，故选B。
2.C【解析】词句猜测题。分析“It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.”可知，医生通过5G远程治疗病人也将变得更容易，这意味着可以照顾远方的病人。所以推测remotely是“远程地”含义。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。A：现在4G在我们的日常生活中已经不再使用了；B：作者对5G的到来感到担忧；C：有了5G，我们的一些梦想肯定有一天会实现；D：在90年代，所有人都相信互联网会改变我们的生活。分析最后一段内容可知，本段主要叙述有了5G，很多事情不再像梦想一样了。现在让我们准备告别4G，迎接5G的到来。故选C。
4.D【解析】推理判断题。A：自动驾驶汽车；B：“智能”飞机；C：网上课程；D：没有医生的医院。根据倒数第二段中“It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for patients from far away.”可知，文中只提及5G使医生远程治疗成为可能，而不是说医院没有医生。故选D。
5.A【解析】细节理解题。A：免费试用；文中并未提及可以免费试用5G网络。B：速度超快的数据；根据第二段中“5G means super-fast data(数据) speed”可知，文中提及了5G是速度超快的数据。C：将所有人和所有事联系在一起；根据第二段中“It is a new network(网络)after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G and it can connect everyone and everything together.”可知，文中提及了5G将所有人和所有事联系在一起。D：让生活比4G更便捷。根据第二段中“and it is making our lives more and more convenient.”可知，文中提及了5G让生活比4G更便捷。故选A。
（六）
Are you a TV lover? Can you imagine living without TV? Well, you could give it a try.
A group of Americans from TV-Turnoff Network（网络）have an idea. From April 19 to 25, they are asking children all over the world to turn off their TVs for one week. They hope children will find more interesting things to do. Maybe they can read some books, or learn to swim, or paint a picture. Since 1995, about 24 million people in America have taken part in TV-Turnoff Week.
TV-Turnoff Network says watching TV too much can bring children big problems with school, health and family. They want kids to watch a lot less TV. What do you think?
Bad for your studies
American scientists did a study of 1,300 children. They watched the children for four years. They say that if children watch lots of TV, they don’t do well in school.
Bad for your health
Studies show that when children watch lots of TV, they eat more unhealthy food. More children are getting overweight. Overweight children become will ill more easily. Watching too much TV is also bad for their eyes.
Bad for family life
About 40% of American families watch TV at dinner time. That means that they don’t talk very much when they eat together.
Also, too many violent（暴力的）things
An American study says that before a child turns 18 years old, that child will see 200,000 violent things on TV. Some kids become violent in real life.
If you want to learn more about this unusual week, you can go to this website: www.tvturnoff.org.
1. When is TV-Turnoff Week?
A. From April 19 to 25. B. Any week in April.
C. The first week in April. D. It doesn’t tell us.
2. What do children do during that week?
A. They watch TV much less.
B. They go to this website, www.tvturnoff.org.
C. They read some books, or learn to swim, or paint a picture.
D. Both A and C.
3. The passage tells people if children watch too much TV, they may ______.
①be overweight ②know more about the world ③be weak in study ④become violent in real life
A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ①②③④
4. Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Millions of people have taken part in TV-Turnoff Week since 1995.
B. The Website www.tvturnoff.org. can tell you more about TV-Turnoff Week.
C. Children in America aren’t allowed to see violent things on TV until they are 18.
D. About three fifths of American families don’t watch TV whey they have dinner.
【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是孩子们看太多电视对他们是没有好处的，还会带来一些问题，例如学习，健康和家庭等。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的From April 19 to 25, they are asking children all over the world to turn off their TVs for one week.可知，从4月19日到4月25日是关掉电视周，这一周全世界孩子都要关上电视，故选A。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的They hope children will find more interesting things to do. Maybe they can read some books, or learn to swim, or paint a picture.可知，在关掉电视的这一周里，人们希望孩子们能找到更多有趣的事情做，比如读书、学游泳、画画等，故选C。
3. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的They say that if children watch lots of TV, they don’t do well in school. Most children are getting overweight. Some kids become violent in real life.可知，看电视可以使孩子们变得超重，在学校里学习不好，在生活中变得暴力，故选B。
4. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的Since 1995, about 24 million people in America have taken part in TV-Turnoff Week.可知A说的是正确的；根据最后一段If you want to learn more about this unusual week, you can go to this Website: www.tvturnoff.org.可知B说的也是正确的；根据倒数第四段中的About 40% of American families watch TV at dinner time.可知五分之二的美国家庭在吃饭的时候看电视，即五分之三的家庭在吃饭的时候不看电视，故D说的也是对的；C选项中文中并没有说到，而且事实是很多孩子在18岁之前看很多暴力的电视，故C不对。故选C。
（七）
In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are the best hosts and the worst guests in the world. They’re not really bad guests, but because the guest-host relationship in China is much different from that in some western countries, it appears they are not nice guests. And western guests sometimes look rude in the eyes of Chinese guests.
In China, guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese person’s home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the host’s way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest.
My wife’s mother, a very kind elderly Chinese lady, doesn’t smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that. In most North American homes, if you are a guest，and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you could ask, ＂Is it OK if I smoke?＂ But, don’t be surprised if they say, ＂No, you can’t smoke. ＂ In our culture, if you smoke in their home, you are a bad guest, but if they don’t allow you to smoke in their house, they are not a rude host.
Guests in China also have special habits. Some western people may not adapt to these habits very soon. Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift. However, giving a gift to a host is not always necessary in my country. So, if you invite international guests to your home, don’t be too surprised if they don’t bring you a gift.
In China, you probably won’t need to change the guest-host relationship very much because you will probably only be the host, and Chinese are naturally very good hosts. If western hosts invite you to their house, try not to be too surprised if their style of treating you is not what you have expected.
1. When a western guest visits a Chinese family, he often .
A. buys some fruit B. feels like a god
C. wants some gifts D. takes a cup of tea
2. If the writer’s guests want to smoke in his house, what will he probably say?
A. It’s OK if you smoke here. B. Let’s smoke together.
C. Sorry, you can’t smoke here. D. Smoking is a bad habit.
3. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase ＂adapt to＂ in the passage?
A. think back to B. get used to
C. look forward to D. keep close to
4. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Foreigners should learn from Chinese.
B. Hosts must do things in the guests’ way.
C. Western hosts are always nice to guests.
D. People should understand cultural differences.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了中西方不同的待客之道，号召人们应该理解不同文化间的差异性。
1. B 【解析】题意：当西方客人拜访中国家庭时，他经常 。细节理解题。A. buys some fruit买一些水果；B. feels like a god感觉像上帝；C. wants some gifts想要一些礼物；D. takes a cup of tea喝一杯茶。根据第二段首句In China, guests are almost like gods.可知客人几乎像神一样，故选B。
2. C 【解析】题意：如果作者的客人想在他家抽烟，他会说什么？细节理解题。根据第三段When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non-smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly可知，他想直接阻止他们吸烟，四个选项中，Sorry, you can’t smoke here.正是劝阻，故选C。
3. B 【解析】题意：短文中画线的短语＂adapt to＂是什么意思？词义理解题。A. think back to回想起；B. get used to习惯于；C. look forward to期望；D. keep close to寸步不离。根据下文Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift.可知，作者在中国妻子的帮助下正在适应中国的习惯，前面说的是西方人，可以判断＂adapt to＂是＂适应＂的意思。四个选项中，get used to符合此意，故选B。
4. D 【解析】题意：这篇文章的大意是什么？综合理解题。A. Foreigners should learn from Chinese. 外国人应该向中国人学习。B. Hosts must do things in the guests’ way. 主人必须以客人的方式做事。C. Western hosts are always nice to guests. 西方主人对客人总是很友好。D. People should understand cultural differences. 人们应该了解文化差异。根据文意，作者介绍了中西方不同的待客之道，说明了不同的国家有着不一样的待客文化。可知选D。
（八）

Traditional Chinese culture is catching the world’s eyes. The good traditional Chinese culture is our great treasure. President Xi Jinping says we should have a high of culture confidence. There are so many great works in the course of Chinese history such as Di Zi Gui,Lun Yu,Meng Zi and so on. Xi Jinping and other leaders often borrow some wonderful sentences from them. Dao De Jing is also one of them.
It is widely believed that Lao zi, a famous Chinese philosopher and the founder of Taoism, was the writer of Dao De Jing. There are only 5000 characters in the book, but it is considered as one of the oldest and most important philosophy books of ancient China .It includes two parts, Dao and De.
Dao means "the Way". It doesn’t tell us how to choose the right way, but it really shows that one should act through naturalness and non-action.
Naturalness refers to a natural state of being, an attitude of following the way of nature. Lao Zi thought that everything in the world has its own way of being and developing. Birds fly in the sky; Tigers live in the forest; Fish swim in the water; Flowers bloom and flowers fall. He gave advice to the people who have strong feelings to control the world. He said they should give up the desires（欲望）.
Non-action（无为） does not mean that one should do nothing but passively wait for something to be achieved. What he meant is that human should follow the way of nature and try not to break the rule of nature.
De means“Virtue（德行）”. Lao zi thought the great virtue is like water. And he thinks nothing in the world is weaker than water, yet nothing is stronger than water when it comes. It can nearly destroy everything strong. In ancient China, there is also a saying, water can hold the boat, it can also make the boat turn upside down. Water is a typical（典型的）example of the weak beating the strong.
Of course, there are many other wonderful things we can learn from the book. Today, Dao de Jing still plays a role in the development of Chinese thoughts. It is becoming more and more popular with people around the world.
1.According to Dao De Jing, which picture shows an attitude of breaking the way of nature?
A. B. C. D.
2.Why did Lao zi think the great virtue is like water?
A.Because water is a typical example of the strong beating the weak.
B.Because Lao zi thought nothing in the world is weaker than water.
C.Because water is a typical example of the weak beating the strong.
D.Because water can hold the boat.
3.What does Dao De Jing tell us?
A.We should act by following the way of nature and have the great virtue.
B.We should choose the right way to success.
C.We should do nothing but passively wait for something to be achieved.
D.We should become strong and try our best to satisfy our desires.
4.What is the feeling that the writer wants to express in the passage?
A.Serious. B.Proud. C.Upset. D.Sad.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了中国传统文化正吸引着世界的目光，良好的中国传统文化是我们的伟大财富，作者以《道德经》为例，并简要阐述了其伟大思想。
1.B【解析】推理判断题。根据上文Naturalness refers to a natural state of being, an attitude of following the way of nature. …Flowers bloom and flowers fall.自然是指一种自然的存在状态，一种遵循自然方式的态度。老子认为世界上的一切都有自己的存在和发展方式。鸟儿在天空中飞翔；老虎在森林里生活；鱼在水里游泳；花开花落。结合图片，可知图片B“杀害斑马”属于人为打破了自然生存方式，故选B。
2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据上文Water is a typical example of the weak beating the strong. 水是弱者打强者的典型例子，可知这是老子认为上善若水的原因，故选C。
3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据上文Dao means "the Way". …it really shows that one should act through naturalness and non-action. Naturalness refers to a natural state of being, an attitude of following the way of nature. De means “Virtue（德行）”. Lao zi thought the great virtue is like water. 道是“方式”的意思。它确实表明一个人应该通过自然和不行动来保持自然的存在状态，拥有一种遵循自然方式的态度。德的意思是“德行”。老子认为上善若水。综上所述，可知我们应该遵循自然之道，拥有伟大的美德。故选A。
4.B【解析】推理判断题。Serious严肃的；Proud自豪的；Upset不安的；Sad伤心的。根据上文Of course, there are many other wonderful things we can learn from the book. Today, Dao de Jing still plays a role in the development of Chinese thoughts. It is becoming more and more popular with people around the world. 当然，还有许多其他精彩的东西我们可以从这本书中学到。今天，《道德经》仍然在中国思想的发展中发挥着作用。它越来越受到世界各地人们的欢迎。不难看出，字里行间流露出作者对中国传统文化的自豪感，故选B。
（九）
Some English words have more than one meaning. These are called multi-meaning words. Multi-meaning words have the same pronunciation with different meanings. For example, let’s look at the word ＂ball＂. You could have a ＂ball＂ which means you would have a good time. You could toss a ＂ball＂ which means you throw an object. You could be on the ＂ball＂ which means you know what is happening. You could go to a ＂ball＂ which means a dance.
_______________ Take the word＂can＂. You＂can＂ride a bike which means you are able to ride a bike. You have a ＂can＂ of soup which means the soup is in a round-shaped holder. You can do the ＂can-can＂ which is a dance from the 1920s. And you might get＂canned＂if you do a poor job at work, which means you might lose your job.
How about ＂fly＂? You can＂fly＂an airplane or you can hit a＂fly＂that is on your food in your house. Or, you can＂fly by the seat of your pants＂ which means you don’t make a plan before taking an action. And, you know that the＂fly＂of a zipper is the top part of the zipper.
There are hundreds of words that are multi-meaning words. The word＂set＂has more meanings than any other word in the English language. When you have time, why don’t you try to think of all the ways the word＂set＂is used?
If, you look at the title of this book Can a Fly, Fly? you know that the answer is＂Yes＂because you have seen an insect named a＂fly＂go up in the air and move around through the air which is what＂fly＂means. Can a Fly, Fly? Of course, it can!
1. If Tom is often late for work and fails to finish his tasks, he will .
A. do the can-can B. get canned
C. be on the ball D. go to a ball
2. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 2?
A. Let’s try another word. B. Let’s make a word list.
C. Here’s a survey report. D. Here’s the guessing game.
3. The writer writes the passage in order to ______.
A. tell a story about learning English words
B. introduce a book on learning English words
C. share an experience in learning English words
D. present different pronunciations of the same word
【文章大意】本文作者以单词＂ball＂和＂can＂等为例谈了多义词问题。
1. B 【解析】题意：如果汤姆经常迟到且不能完成任务，他会 ______。细节理解题。A. do the can-can跳can-can舞；B. get canned解雇；C. be on the ball在舞会上；D. go to a ball去参加舞会。根据第二段最后一句And you might get ＂canned＂ if you do a poor job at work, which means you might lose your job.，可知选B。
2. A 【解析】题意：下列哪一项是填补第2段空白的最佳句子？综合理解题。A. Let’s try another word. 让我们试试另一个词。B. Let’s make a word list.让我们做一个单词表。C. Here’s a survey report. 这是一份调查报告。D. Here’s the guessing game.这是猜谜游戏。根据第二段内容，是以另外一个词＂can＂为例谈多义词问题，可知Let’s try another word.最合段意，故选A。
3. B 【解析】题意：作者写这篇文章是为了 ______。考查综合理解题。A. tell a story about learning English words讲一个学习英语单词的故事。B. introduce a book on learning English words介绍一本学习英语单词的书。C. share an experience in learning English words 分享学习英语单词的经验。D. present different pronunciations of the same word呈现同一个词的不同读音。根据最后一段中的If you look at the title of this book Can a Fly，Fly？...可以看出文章主要是为了介绍一本关于学习英语词汇的书，A、C、D三项的内容都没有提及．故选B。
（十）
It's a school holiday today. It's warm and the sun is shining. It's the perfect day for an outing. Zack, Vera, Kelly and Tim are discussing what they are going to do. Let's listen and see what happens...
Zack: Hey you guys, it would be a shame to stay inside on a day like this. How about taking the bus to Stanley and going to the beach?
Tim: [excitedly] That sounds great.
Kelly: I'm in! But can we go to the mall first so I can get some suntan oil?
Zack: [hesitantly(犹豫地)] Well, Kelly, I suppose we've got time...
Vera: And we can stop off in Tsim Sha Tsui and get something to eat first. I'm sorry, but I don't think I'll be able to get anything good once we get there.
Zack: I don't know, Vera —it's already eleven o'clock..
Tim: Actually, why don't we have a look at Stanley, Market before we go to the beach? The bus stops right in front of the market. I want to look for some casual shirts and trousers.
Kelly: Oh, yes, Tim, let's do that. Maybe they have some trendy swim suits, and some jewellery...
Zack: [to himself] This is really awful! [to the others] Look, I don't want to go to a restaurant or go shopping—I just want to go to the beach on a nice day. You all said you'd go with me, but if you don't want to, you don't have to. See you later.
[sound of a door opening and closing ]
Vera: Somebody's not glad!
Tim: Well, it was his idea to go out, after all.
Kelly: Oh, dear, poor Zack. I'm going to call him.
[on the telephone] Hi, Zack? Look, just wait at the bus stop for me. I'm coming now. I won't go to the mall.
Tim: Tell him I'm coming too. We don't need to stop at the market.
Vera:[sighs(吸气)] Oh, all right. I can risk having lunch at the beach, I guess.
Kelly:[on the telephone] Zack? We're all coming now. We should all enjoy this great day together.
[to the rest] OK let's go. We shouldn't keep Zack waiting.
Tim:[hurriedly] OK, come on, everybody...[fade]
1.What does "I'm in!" in line 7 mean?
A.I'll come too. B.I'm on the bus.
C.I'm at home now. D.I've made a decision.
2.In lines 9 and 10, Vera thinks that ________.
A.it's more fun to have lunch in Tsim Sha Tsui
B.the food at Stanley Beach isn't very good
C.the others will be angry because of her suggestion
D.she will be hungry by the time they get to the beach
3. In line 22, who does "somebody" refer to?
A.Kelly. B.Tim. C.Vera. D.Zack
4. Which of the following might be the best title for the play?
A.How to Make Decisions B.Let's Plan a Trip!
C.Stop for a While D.Keep It Simple!
【文章大意】今天学校放假。天气暖和，阳光灿烂，是郊游的好天气。Zack, Vera, Kelly和Tim他们打算去斯坦利海滩游玩，本文是他们正在讨论的对话内容。
1.A【解析】词句猜测题。根据下文But can we go to the mall first so I can get some suntan oil? 但是我们能不能先去购物中心，我去买些防晒油?可知Kelly是同意Zack的提议，想“参加”去海滩的旅行，因此“I'm in!”应是“参加”的意思，故答案选Ａ。
2.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第九和第十行Vera说的话：And we can stop off in Tsim Sha Tsui and get something to eat first. I'm sorry, but I don't think I'll be able to get anything good once we get there. Vera认为在去沙滩之前先吃点东西，因为到那里就买不到什么好东西了。由此可以推知Vera认为斯坦利海滩的食物不太好，故答案选Ｂ。
3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文Zack所说的话[to himself] This is really awful! [to the others] Look, I don't want to go to a restaurant or go shopping—I just want to go to the beach on a nice day. You all said you'd go with me, but if you don't want to, you don't have to. See you later. (自言自语)这太可怕了!(对其他人)看，我不想去餐馆或购物，我只想在天气好的时候去海滩。你们都说要和我一起去，但如果你们不想去，就不必去。再见。[sound of a door opening and closing ] 开门和关门的声音。结合本句Vera: Somebody's not glad! Vera说“某人不高兴了!”由此可知这里的“somebody”指的是Zack，故答案选Ｄ。
4.D【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Zack, Vera, Kelly和Tim他们打算去斯坦利海滩游玩，一开始他们有的人想去先买一些防晒油，有的人想在去海滩之前先吃一些东西，有的人想买一些休闲的衬衫和裤子……，但最终因Zack他们都改变了自己的主意，决定一切从简，去斯坦利海滩享受这个美好的日子。结合选项A. How to Make Decisions如何做决定；B. Let's Plan a Trip! 让我们计划一次旅行吧!C. Stop for a While停一停；D. Keep It Simple! 保持简单!可知Ｄ选项可以概括全文，故答案选Ｄ。
（十一）
Different weather makes people feel different. It influences health, intelligence(智力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.
The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a scientific report, IQ(智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% below. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand(另一方面), can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August).
Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18 ℃, people become stronger.
Low air pressure(气压) may make people forgetful People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. There is a "good weather" for health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃.
Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem.
1. What kind of weather can have a bad effect(影响) on health?
A. Hot and wet weather. B. Good weather.
C. Warm weather. D. High intelligence.
2. When may people have more intelligence?
A. When a rain comes. B. When very hot weather comes.
C. When a strong wind comes. D. When low air pressure comes.
3. How may low air pressure make people feel?
A. Forgetful. B. Sad. C. Angry. D. Tired.
4. What will happen to people in "good weather" of 18℃?
A. People are very forgetful. B. People can’t do their work well.
C. Thin people feel cold. D. People are in better health.
5. What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way.
B. Weather influences people’s lives.
C. IQ never changes during weather changes.
D. There is a good kind of weather for people’s work and health.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了不同的天气让人感觉与众不同，并从具体几个方面做出了介绍，讲天气是如何影响人的健康、智力和感受的。
1. A【解析】句意：什么样的天气对健康有不良影响？A.天气炎热潮湿。B. 好天气。C.温暖的天气。D.高
智商。原文＂In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart
trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month.＂（8月份，美国南部地区炎热潮湿。在这个月
里，那里的人有心脏病和其他类型的健康问题。），说明天气炎热潮湿是会给健康带来不利影响的，故
选A。
2. C【解析】句意：人们何时可以拥有更多智力？A.下雨的时候。B.天气很热的时候。C.当强风来临时。D.
气压低时。原文＂For example, in a scientific report, IQ (智商) of a group of students was very high when a
very strong wind came,＂（例如，在一份科学报告中，一群学生的IQ在强风吹来时非常高），所以强
风来临人们拥有更多智力，故选C。
3. A【解析】句意：低气压让人感觉怎么样？A.健忘的。B.悲伤的。C.生气的。D.累的。原文＂Low air pressure
(气压) may make people forgetful＂（低气压可能会让人健忘），故选A。
4. D【解析】句意：在18℃的＂好天气＂中会发生什么？A.人们非常健忘。B.人们不能很好地开展工作。
C.瘦人感到冷。D.人们身体健康。原文＂There is a "good weather" for health. People feel best at a
temperature of about 18℃.＂（对于健康来说存在一种＂好天气＂，人们在温度约为18℃时感觉最好），
所以18度的时候人们更会身体健康。故选D。
5. B 【解析】句意：作者想告诉我们什么？A. 冷热天气以同样的方式影响所有人。B. 天气影响人们的生
活。C.在天气变化时，智商永远不会改变。D. 对于人们的工作和健康，存在一种好的天气。这篇文章
的主题是在讨论＂Different weather makes people feel different.＂（不同的天气让人感觉不同。），并从
具体几个方面做出了介绍，讲天气是如何影响人的健康、智力和感受的，故选B。
（十二）
My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I'm going to talk to you, about my understanding of learning history.
Many of you may think it is a terrible thing to study history. You may often wonder why we students should study something that has nothing to do with our own lives. If you think that way, I should say you are far from the truth.
In fact, if we study history, we can learn quite a lot about personal stories and events (事件)of people just like us. The people who came before us helped build and develop the country we are living in. Their ideas often solved many of our problems and troubles. Studying the past helps us to understand what our ancestors'(祖先)lives were like. And it also helps us to see how their experiences have shaped our own life.
To be honest, ▲ . Some of what we study in history helps us understand the mistakes of the past. And these mistakes will help people not to do the same wrong things. People often learn from the past to have a better future.
Whether we like the subject of history or not, we must understand the importance of the events and the people who came before us. Our ancestors' decisions have influenced our own life. Similarly, the decisions of our own generation(一代人）will finally influence those who come after us. In this only way, the world is truly connected.
History is not just a study of the past. History is the study of people, places, and events that can influence the future.
Now do you still think studying history is a sad thing? Or do you have any doubt about learning history? If you have any question, just feel free to ask.
1.What kind of writing is the passage above?
A.A diary. B.A story. C.A speech. D.A letter.
2.Which of the following can be put in the ▲ in Paragraph 4?
A.the mistakes of the past won't help us.
B.I don't like the idea of learning history
C.it is not easy to learn the subject of history
D.not everything that happened in the past is good
3.According to Paragraph 5, the decisions of our generation will ______________.
A.show what is happening to us B.build and develop our country
C.influence the people in the future D.help understand the people in the past
4.The writer wrote the passage to ___________________.
A.introduce some important people in history
B.develop students' interest in learning history
C.explain different people's understanding of history
D.show the relationship between the past and the future
【文章大意】本文主要是作者对于学习历史的理解，谈谈学习历史的好处并培养学生学习历史的兴趣。
1.C【解析】推理判断题。A：日记；B：故事；C：演讲；D：信。根据文中“My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I'm going to talk to you, about my understanding of learning history.”和“If you have any question, just feel free to ask.”可知，本文主要是作者谈谈对学习历史的理解，结尾还说如果有问题尽管问，所以推测应该是演讲内容，故选C。
2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据后句“Some of what we study in history helps us understand the mistakes of the past.”可知，我们在历史中学习的一些东西帮助我们理解过去的错误。所以历史不总是正确的、好的，也有不好的、错误的东西。故选D。
3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Similarly, the decisions of our own generation(一代人）will finally influence those who come after us.”可知，我们这一代做的决定最终会影响我们的后人。故选C。
4.B【解析】推理判断题。A：介绍一些历史上重要的人物；B：培养学生学习历史的兴趣；C：解释不同的
人对历史的理解；D：展示过去和未来的关系。分析文章内容可知，本文主要是作者对于学习历史的理
解，谈谈学习历史的好处并培养学生学习历史的兴趣。故选B。
（十三）
Buying Is Doing?
How important is shopping to you? How much time do you spend buying things? And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home? In the future, how much time will you spend in movie theaters, at amusement parks, at shopping malls, or at convenience stores? When you add it all up, you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming（消费）things. Consuming products is not necessarily bad. However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.
Imagine that you have a week off from school. You don’t have to go to class. However, in this week, you cannot spend any money — no shopping, no movies, no eating out. How would you spend your time?
What things would bring you happiness? Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend. Perhaps you would help a child read. Or you might spend time with your family.
When we look back, it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories. Why? Non-consuming activities are active, not passive. They don’t come in a package. You make the experience yourself. For example, each person who reads to a child will have a different experience. The experience changes with the reader, the child, and the book. Similarly, when you have a conversation with a friend, you are actively creating an experience. The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else. However, if you watch a movie with a friend, you will each have a package experience. It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you.
The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences. We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing. However, we can start a personal revolution（变革） against consumerism. How? By consuming less, we can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.
1. If consuming products takes too much time, we should ____________.
A. spend less money B. think about it carefully
C. organize our things D. go to convenience stores
2. According to the passage, the writer believes that _____________.
A. we can say no to consumerism by consuming less
B. buying things can bring us the greatest satisfaction
C. the environment seldom influences our shopping choices
D. consuming experiences will be our most important memories
3. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time.
B. To encourage people to have more active experiences.
C. To explain reasons behind people’s shopping behavior.
D. To share his personal experience in consuming products.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了人们花费了太多的时间去消费，而不是自己主动做些什么，作者认为有更多积极的事能做，鼓励人们有更积极的经历，反对消费主义。
1. B 【解析】问题：如果消费产品花了太多时间，我们应该______________。细节理解题。A. spend less money花更少的钱；B. think about it carefully仔细考虑一下；C. organize our things规划我们的事情；D. go to convenience stores去便利店。根据第一段最后一句However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.（但是，如果我们花了太多的时间去做，我们应该仔细看看）结合题意和语境可知选B。
2. A 【解析】问题：根据文章，作者认为_____________。细节理解题。A. we can say no to consumerism by consuming less我们可以通过减少消费来拒绝消费主义；B. buying things can bring us the greatest satisfaction买东西能带给我们最大的满足；C. the environment seldom influences our shopping choices环境很少影响我们的购物选择；D. consuming experiences will be our most important memories消费经历将是我们最重要的回忆。根据最后一段中的However, we can start a personal revolution against consumerism. How? By consuming less.（然而，我们可以开始一场反对消费主义的个人革命。如何做呢？减少消费。）结合题意可知选A。
3. B 【解析】问题：作者写这篇文章的主要目的是什么？写作意图题。A. To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time. 介绍一些享受业余时间的方法；B. To encourage people to have more active experiences. 鼓励人们有更积极的经历；C. To explain reasons behind people’s shopping behavior. 解释人们购物行为背后的原因；D. To share his personal experience in consuming products. 分享他在消费产品方面的个人经验。根据文中第二段中的When we look back, it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories. Why? Non-consuming activities are active, not passive.（当我们回顾过去的时候，像这样的非消费体验很可能是我们最重要的记忆。为什么呢？非消费性活动是主动的，而不是被动的。）可知作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们有更积极的经历，选B。
（十四）
Have you ever heard “You never get a second chance to make a first impression(印象)?” It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true—the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person reacts to you in the future.
What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds. When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have said your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed(形成) an opinion about the kind of person you are.
So how do you make a good first impression? Being polite and being well dressed is very important. However, the most important way of making a good first impression is your face. Smiling almost always leaves a positive(积极的) impression on people, especially those who do not know you. Most people, generally speaking, are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.
What’s more, smiling and being positive helps you to know and get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly. So if you ever need a reason to be happy, think about the wonderful people you might meet—and impress—with a cheerful smile.
1. What do the underlined words “reacts to” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Treats. B. Changes. C. Describes.
2. What can we learn about the first impression from Paragraph 2?
A. It comes very quickly. B. It is very strange. C. It is very interesting.
3. What is the most important to make a good first impression?
A. Shaking hands. B. Dressing nicely. C. Smiling.
4. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A. Information helps you solve problems.
B. There are many reasons to be happy.
C. Being positive helps you find a way out.
5. What would be the best title of the text?
A. The importance of the first impression
B. The ways of leaving deep impressions
C. The reasons for leaving impressions
本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述第一印象的重要性，怎样给他人留下好的第一印象以及微笑和积极的心态给人们带来的好处。
1.A【解析】词义猜测题。treats对待；changes改变；describes描述。根据画线词所在语境“the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person reacts to you in the future”讲“第一次和你见面时，别人对你的第一印象可能会影响他以后对你的____”，结合选项可知此处是说会影响以后如何对你，reacts to与treats意思相近。故选A。
2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第2段中“What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds. ”可知大脑会在大约三秒钟内吸收所有的信息来创造第一印象。由此可知第一印象来的很快。（C选项属于干扰项，文中说的是第一印象来的很快这个现象是有趣的，并非说第一印象是有趣的，由此可排除C。）故选A。
3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第3段中“However, the most important way of making a good first impression is your face. Smiling almost always leaves a positive impression on people, especially those who do not know you.”可知给人留下良好第一印象最重要的是脸，微笑能够给人留下积极印象，而握手、穿着得体与脸无关，排除AB。故选C。
4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What’s more, smiling and being positive helps you to know and get a better understanding of new things.”可知微笑和保持积极的情绪有助于你了解和更好地理解新事物，所以积极的态度能帮助我们。故选C。
5.A【解析】标题归纳题。根据第1段中“the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person reacts to you in the future”可知，短文先点明了第一印象的重要性，然后介绍了如何留下一个好的第一印象。故A选项“第一印象的重要性”做标题最合适。故选A。