专题03 阅读理解-攻克中考英语阅读理解必做100篇

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阅读理解（三）

（一）【2020•河北省】

Rotorua Grammar School Holiday Clubs
Do something different.
Don't just watch TV.
Come and join us and have some real fun!
There are lots of different ways to spend your free time. You can choose as many clubs as you like. You don't need to have any special skills to join us. They are also FREE for all our students.
Photography Club
Join us to learn about choosing a camera and advice on taking successful photos. We will also teach you how to use your PC to store and print your photos.
9 a.m. to 11 a.m. Monday
Room 308
Science Club
Einstein, Edison, Newton—they learnt about science when they were young. If you want to try out new ideas, come to our club. We do lots of things in the lab to see what happens. We meet twice a week in the science club.
8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Thursday & Friday
Art Club
If you like art, spend a day in the Art Room. During the day, we'll use different things: pencils, watercolors, oil paints. We'll also have a special lesson from a guest cartoonist, who will teach us how to draw cartoons.
8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday
Collecting Club
If you like collecting stamps, tickets, or postcards, come to our club! You can share what you collect and swap（交换） things with other members to build your collection. We have lots of ideas about what to do to add to your collection without spending lots of money.
Meet in Room 510
2 p.m. to 4 p.m. Wednesday
27. If students join the clubs, they .
A. don't need to pay B. can't choose over two
C. must go every day D. must have special skills
28. Why do members in the Collecting Club swap things?
A. To make postcards. B. To make money.
C. To make friends with each other. D. To make their collection better.
29. Members of the Science Club spend a lot of time .
A. trying out their new ideas B. learning about scientists
C. studying science textbooks D. watching science TV programs
30. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Collecting Club meets in Room 308. B. Members learn how to paint on Friday.
C. Art Club has a special lesson on Monday. D. Members can print photos in Science Club.
文章大意：本文向学生们介绍了Rotorua Grammar School的四个俱乐部，呼吁同学们积极参与，充实自己的课余时间。
27.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一个表格中"They are also FREE for all our students."可知对学生们是免费的。故选A。
28.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Collecting Club中"You can share what you collect and swap things with other members to build your collection."可知你可以分享你收集到的东西并且和其他人进行交换以使你的收藏更好。故选D。
29.A【解析】细节理解题。根据Science Club中"If you want to try out new ideas, come to our club. We do lots of things in the lab to see what happens."可知科学俱乐部的成员花很多时间尝试他们的新想法。故选A。
30.C【解析】细节理解题。根据Collecting Club中"Meet in Room 510"可知收藏俱乐部在501室会见，A项错误；根据Art Club中"8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday"可知美术俱乐部活动时间在周一，B项错误；根据Art Club中"We'll also have a special lesson from a guest cartoonist，who will teach us how to draw cartoons. ... 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday"可知我们将有一节来自特邀漫画家的特别的课，他将教我们如何画漫画，是在周一，C项正确；根据Photography Club中"We will also teach you how to use your PC to store and print your photos."可知摄影俱乐部教成员如何使用电脑储存并打印照片，D项错误。故选C。


（二）【2020 •昆明市】
No one wants to be in a life-or-death situation. However, if you are in a dangerous situation, what will you do, fight or flight?
When 13-year-old Joe Rowlands and his dad were in a kayak（皮艇） accident, the brave teenager chose to fight. He not only fought for his own life, but also saved his father's.
On that day, Joe and his father Paul were out on their kayak off the coast of Anglesey in the UK. Suddenly they noticed that the kayak was starting to fill with water. Then they found out there was a hole in the floor of the boat. Without another choice, Paul turned the boat over. He asked Joe to climb on top so that he could push the boat to a nearby island.
However, the rough （汹涌的）waves made it too hard for Paul to push the boat to land. They had to swim without the boat. Luckily, Joe made his way to the island safely. But when he looked back, he found his dad was no longer swimming. Risking his life, Joe jumped back into the cold water and managed to drag（拽） his dad up onto some rocks. Then Joe did CPR（心肺复苏） on his dad until he came around.
“I know I can never pay him back for saving my life and I'm very proud of him. He acted with courage beyond his years, "Paul said of his son.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
31. What did Joe do that day?
A. He went kayaking with his dad. B. He went kayaking all by himself.
C. He watched a kayak race at home. D. He walked along the coast of Anglesey.
32. When the boat started to fill with water, how did Paul deal with it?
A. By fixing the boat up. B. By shouting for help.
C. By turning the boat over. D. By pushing the boat with Joe.
33. After finding his dad was no longer swimming, Joe .
A. swam to the island nearby B. dragged the boat onto rocks to save his dad
C. did CPR on his dad at once D. jumped back into the water to save his dad
34. What does the underlined phrase “came around” most probably mean?
A. Lost his life. B. Came back to life.
C. Ran around the rock. D. Gave up the boat.
35. From the passage, we can infer（推断）that .
A. Paul and Joe successfully finished their kayaking
B. Joe showed the ability to face danger without fear
C. Paul was angry because Joe risked his life to save him
D. Joe chose to depend on his dad in the life-or-death situation
这篇短文讲述的是13岁的Joe Rowlands和他的爸爸在划皮艇的时候出现了事故，Joe非常勇敢，他不仅为自己的生命奋力拼搏，还救了爸爸的性命。
31.A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段“On that day, Joe and his father Paul were out on their kayak off the coast of Anglesey in the UK.”可知，Joe和他的爸爸在英国的Anglesey西海岸划皮艇。故选A。
32.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第三段“Then they found out there was a hole in the floor of the boat. Without another choice, Paul turned the boat over.”可知，当Joe和爸爸发现皮艇漏水的时候，他们把皮艇翻了过来。故选C。
33.D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第四段“But when he looked back, he found his dad was no longer swimming. Risking his life, Joe jumped back into the cold water and managed to drag his dad up onto some rocks.”可知，当Joe发现他的爸爸不再游泳了的时候，他冒着生命危险，重新跳回水里，把爸爸拽到了岩石上。故选D。
34.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Then Joe did CPR on his dad until he came around.”可知，Joe的爸爸溺水了，他把爸爸救上来之后，给爸爸做心肺复苏直到他醒过来。B选项came back to life意为“苏醒”，符合文意，故选B。
35.B【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第二段“When 13-year-old Joe Rowlands and his dad were in a kayak accident, the brave teenager chose to fight. He not only fought for his own life, but also saved his father's.”可知，当Joe面临生死境地的时候，他选择勇敢地面对，不仅自己很安全，而且救了爸爸的生命。故选B。


（三）【2020 •安徽省】

Darrius was born with three fingers on his right hand and one on his left hand. He had to work hard to do things that were easy for others. Every time his classmates tried to help, he would say, “Thanks, but I can do it myself.” He learned to use the four fingers to do different things.
When Darrius was 10, he told his father that he liked piano(钢琴) music very much. “It's too bad you can't play,” his father said. But the boy took that as a challenge(挑战).“I will show people that I can,” he said to himself.
Months later, a neighbour gave him an old piano when she moved away. He taught himself to play the piano and practised for hours a day.
Darrius's favourite piano music is River Flows in You by Yiruma, a Korean musician. It took Darrius a year to learn it. “I have to come up with my own way with only 4 fingers,” he said. When he succeeded, he felt so proud. Later he was lucky enough to play the music together with Yiruma at a famous concert hall! Yiruma encouraged Darrius to follow his dream of playing his own music. Darrius has made it. And his music is popular today.
“I may have a disability,” he says, “ but I don’t let it hold me back from anything.”
39．What did Darrius take as a challenge at the age of 10?
A．Writing his music. B．Playing the piano. C．Giving a concert. D．Visiting a hall.
40．How long did it take Darrius to learn to play River Flows in You?
A．A year. B．A month. C．A day. D．An hour.
41．Who encouraged Darrius to follow his dream?
A．His classmate. B．His father. C．A neighbour. D．A musician.
42．What can we learn about Darrius from the text?
A．He has a strong will. B．He bought himself a piano.
C．He gave up his dream. D．He only plays others’ music.
文章大意：本文讲只有四只手指的Darrius喜欢上了弹钢琴，他花费一年的时间学习了他最喜欢的钢琴曲，他坚持自己的梦想创作了自己的音乐。
39．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第2段中“When Darrius was 10, he told his father that he liked piano music very much. ... But the boy took that as a challenge.”可知十岁的Darrius把弹钢琴作为一个挑战。故选B。
40．A【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段中“Darrius's favourite piano music isRiver Flows in You by Yiruma, a Korean musician. It took Darrius a year to learn it.”可知学习弹奏《River Flows in You》花费了Darrius一年的时间。故选A。
41．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第4段中“Yiruma, a Korean musician”及“Yiruma encouraged Darrius to follow his dream of playing his own music.”可知是音乐家李闰珉鼓励Darrius追随自己的梦想。故选D。
42．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ 'I may have a disability,' he says, 'but I don’t let it hold me back from anything.'”可知Darrius不会让残疾阻碍自己作任何事情，结合他的经历，可知他是一个意志坚定的人。故选A。


（四）【2020 •山东省泰安市中考】

To many people, art is a human expression of creativity. But in recent years, you may have read news about artificial intelligence（AI）creating its own art, such as painting or writing poems. Some people worry that AI might someday replace（替代）artists.
But this worry seems to be unnecessary, at least for now. Many artists today are turning AI into a useful tool. Instead of replacing artists, AI is bringing artists more possibilities.
A piece of music created by AI recently attracted attention. AI was used to create the music based on the protein（蛋白质）structure of COVID-19. The music lasted nearly two hours. The project was led by Markus Buehler, an American musician and MIT professor（教授）of engineering. He assigned (指定) a unique note (独特的音符) to each amino acid (氨基酸) is the protein. The AI then translated these notes into music.
Listeners found the project “mind-blowing”. “It allows me to see the virus in a new way,” said one listener. This surprising combination (结合) between science and art could not be achieved without AI. As The Verge wrote, “AI helps artists play around in unpredictable ways, creating things beyond (超过) what they have ever thought was possible before.”
Apart from creating imaginative works, AI can also take care of repetitive (重复乏味的) tasks for artists. For example, in the comic and cartoon industries, there are now AI tools that can automatically (自动) color in black-and-white line drawings. Although the results can be unpredictable and require a little cleanup. it can give artists room to experiment (实验) by cutting down the time it takes to color each picture.
As Peter Ward wrote for The Culture Trip. “Art of every kind has always been influenced by technological developments.” AI can become a useful tool to bring change to the art world if it’s welcomed and not unfairly feared.
22. According to the passage, AI can’t ________ now.
A. write poems B. paint C. replace artists D. create music
23. Which of the following is NOT true according to the third and fourth paragraphs?
A. AI created a piece of music about COVID-19.
B. Many of AI’s art creations are beyond artists’ imagination.
C. Science and art can be combined with the help of AI.
D. Markus Buehler was not a professor of engineering, but a musician.
24. The underlined phrase “Apart from” in the fifth paragraph can be replaced by “________”.
A. Besides B. Instead of C. Because of D. According to
25. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Technological developments have greatly influenced people’s daily life.
B. AI has been widely used in science research.
C. AI is bringing more help to the art world as a useful tool.
D. AI’s creativity has caused more and mare worries.
【文章大意】本文讲述了近年来人工智能开始创造自己的艺术，但人工智能并没有取代艺术家，反而给艺术家带来了更多的可能性，人们认为人工智能可以成为一种给艺术世界带来变革的有用工具
22.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Some people worry that AI might someday replace artists. But this worry seems to be unnecessary, at least for now. Many artists today are turning AI into a useful tool. 有些人担心人工智能有一天会取代艺术家。但这种担心似乎没有必要，至少目前是这样。今天许多艺术家正在把人工智能变成一种有用的工具。”，可知现在人工智能不会取代艺术家，故选C。
23.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AI was used to create the music based on the protein（蛋白质）structure of COVID-19. 人工智能被用来创造基于COVID-19蛋白结构的音乐。”，可知选项A是正确的；根据第四段中“AI helps artists play around in unpredictable ways, creating things beyond (超过) what they have ever thought was possible before. 人工智能帮助艺术家们以不可预知的方式发挥作用，创造出超出他们以前认为可能的东西。”，可知选项B是正确的；根据第四段中“This surprising combination (结合) between science and art could not be achieved without AI. 没有人工智能，科学和艺术之间的这种令人惊讶的结合是不可能实现的。”，可知选项C是正确的；根据第三段中“The project was led by Markus Buehler, an American musician and MIT professor（教授）of engineering. 该项目由美国音乐家、麻省理工学院工程学教授Markus Buehler领导。”，可知选项D是错误的。故选D。
24.A【解析】词义猜测题。Besides除了；Instead of代替；Because of因为；According to通过。根据下一句“AI can also take care of repetitive (重复乏味的) tasks for artists人工智能还可以处理艺术家的重复性任务”，可知前一句是指“除了创作富有想象力的作品”，所以apart from意为“除了”，故选A。
25.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据文中第二段“Many artists today are turning AI into a useful tool. Instead of replacing artists, AI is bringing artists more possibilities.”，可知这篇文章主要是讲许多艺术家正在把人工智能变成一个有用的工具，人工智能并没有取代艺术家，反而给艺术家带来了更多的可能性，故选C。

（五）【2020 •浙江省湖州市中考】

Dear Sir/Madam,
①It is now common to go online in the home, yet a recent survey showed that ninety-five percent of parents do not know what websites their children visit. I strongly believe that a training project should be started to help parents to improve their Internet and computer skills so that they can better monitor and guide their children.
②One advantage of providing training is that it would get parents to pay more attention to their children's online activities. If they had a better understanding of the Internet, they would see the need to make sure that their children use it properly and responsibly.
③Another argument for providing training to parents is that it would allow parents to help their children with their schoolwork. These days, a lot of homework needs to be done on computers. If parents have poor computer skills, they will be of little or no help with homework, which can make them upset. Some people argue that it is good that students can work independently on computers. However, it is clear that students, especially young students, often need this kind of home support.
④Improving parents' Internet and computer skills might also be a good way or parents to improve their relationships with their children. These days, children spend a lot of their free time on computers. If parents want to be part of that free time, they need to see that playing on computers can be a fun family activity. Joining their children can help parents bridge the generation gap(代沟) between them and their children.
⑤I strongly believe that children need to be helped and guided to use the Internet in a proper and responsible way, and so training is extremely important.
Yours faithfully.
Pat Chan
19. In the letter, the writer ________.
A. thinks parents should improve their Internet and computer skills
B. advises children not to spend a lot of their free time on computers
C. tries to make children less worried about their online schoolwork
D. explains why parents should pay more attention to their children
20. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A. B.
C. D.
21. The letter is probably from the part of ________ in a newspaper.
A. culture B. sports C. health D. education
【文章大意】本文主要叙述开始一个培训项目来帮助父母提高他们的网络和电脑技能的好处和原因。
19.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“I strongly believe that a training project should be started to help parents to improve their Internet and computer skills so that they can better monitor and guide their children.”可知，作者坚信应该开始一个培训项目来帮助父母提高他们的网络和电脑技能，这样他们就可以更好地监督和指导他们的孩子。故选A。
20.C【解析】篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段总述作者认为应该开始一个培训项目来帮助父母提高他们的网络和电脑技能；第二、三、四段分别说明这样做的原因和好处；第五段总结培训的重要性。故选C。
21.D【解析】推理判断题。A：文化；B：运动；C：健康；D：教育。分析文章内容可知，本文主要叙述开始一个培训项目来帮助父母提高他们的网络和电脑技能的好处和原因。内容与教育孩子相关。故选D。

（六）【2020 •河北省】
In class, students are sharing their dream jobs.
Jacob: I'd like to be a mountain-climbing guide for several reasons. Number One, mountain climbing is very exciting. Mountain-climbing guides get to climb tall, dangerous mountains, right? Number Two, I enjoy working outdoors and helping others. Number Three, mountain-climbing guides travel widely and meet many fun people.
Fred: My choice is to be a vet（兽医）. Why? I like animals. Animals bring a lot of joy to our lives, but they ask for little in return. I also enjoy helping animals and their owners feel better. Pet owners are happy when their pets are well. Finally, vets get to work with other people who like animals.
Anne: Ha, my dream job? An accountant （会计）! I think it's interesting. I'm good at numbers, you know, and I also like helping people manage their money. Good accountants are well paid, and I want to manage my own money, of course. But the most important of all, accountants mostly work alone, and I like to work alone.
Jessica: I'd like to become an animator（动画片制作者）and make films like Toy Story, Shrek, and Cars. You see, I love drawing and I love working on computers. I'd like to help people relax and enjoy their life. Animators can make a lot of money, too.
21. Jacob's dream job is to be .
A. a vet B. an animator
C. an accountant D. a mountain-climbing guide
22. What is Anne's main reason for her dream job？
A. The job is interesting. B. The job is well paid.
C. She is good at numbers. D. She likes to work by herself.
23. What do the four students have in common?
A. They enjoy working outside. B. They enjoy offering help to others.
C. They hope to meet fun people. D. They hope to make a lot of money.
文章大意：文中四个学生分享了各自梦想中的工作，并且分别给出了各自的原因。
21.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中"I'd like to be a mountain-climbing guide for several reasons."可知Jacob梦想中的职业是成为一名登山向导。故选D。
22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中"But the most important of all, accountants mostly work alone, and I like to work alone."可知最重要是会计可以独自工作，并且Anne很喜欢独自工作。故选D。
23.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中"Number Two, I enjoy working outdoors and helping others."、第三段中"I also enjoy helping animals and their owners feel better."、第四段中"... and I also like helping people manage their money."及最后一段中"I'd like to help people relax and enjoy their life."可知这四个学生的共同点是喜欢帮助其他人。故选B。

（七）【2020 •广西北部湾经济区】
China gets greener
President Xi Jinping said "clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets(绿水青山就是金山银山)". With the efforts of China's government and its people, the rate of forest coverage(森林覆盖率)in China has reached 22. 96%, compared to 5. 05% forty years ago, according to a recent report from the State Forestry and Grassland Administration (SFGA).
Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against expanding(延伸的)deserts, mostly in its north. Each year, people sow seedlings(播种)over an area nearly the size of Ireland, according to Nature.
In 1978, China began a nationwide tree-planting programme known as the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Programme, also known as "the Great Green Wall". It has helped to plant more than 66 billion trees across 13 provinces in the country's north to act as windbreaks(防风林), according to China Daily.
Since 2018, SFGA has made more efforts to build a greener country. Its purpose is to grow at least 6. 7 million hectares(公顷)of forest every year in the next 15 years. Besides planting more trees, China has tried to bring back grasslands. It has also used strict forest protection methods and banned(禁止)all commercial logging(商业伐木)since last August.
The high-speed growth of forests cannot happen without public participation(参与). For example, Ant Forest, an Alipay mobile payment app, plants real tees for users who get "green energy" by taking part in low-carbon(低碳)activities. Since 2016, it has helped to plant about 122 million trees in China's driest areas.
China was praised as "one of the most successful countries worldwide in greening the desert" by United Nations Environment Programme Executive Director Erik Solheim.
36. What was the rate of forest coverage forty years ago?
A. 5. 05%. B. 17. 91%. C. 22. 96%. D. 28. 01%.
37. Over the past forty years, China has planted billions of trees to ________.
A. turn deserts into green land B. create a green area in the desert
C. stop deserts from expanding D. build an area nearly the size of Ireland
38. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Windbreaks have covered across all provinces of China.
B. In 1978, China succeeded in building "the Great Green Wall.
C. China has grown 6. 7 million hectares of forest since 2018.
D. Since 1978, over 66 billion trees have been planted to act as windbreaks.
39. What did China do to build a greener country?
A. Tried to bring back grasslands. B. Made strict forest protection methods.
C. Banned commercial logging. D. All of the above.
40. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Ant Forest plants real trees for all Chinese people.
B. Everybody can help build a greener country.
C. China's forest coverage is the highest in the world.
D. China was praised for no deserts in northern China.
习近平总书记曾经说过“绿水青山就是金山银山”，中国在注重经济发展的同时，对于环境的保护也没有松懈过。这篇短文详细介绍了中国对保护环境、植树造林所做的努力。
36.A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段“With the efforts of China's government and its people, the rate of forest coverage(森林覆盖率)in China has reached 22. 96%, compared to 5. 05% forty years ago”可知，四十年前，中国的森林覆盖率是5.05%。故选A。
37.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Over the past forty years, China planted billions of trees as part of its fight against expanding(延伸的)deserts, mostly in its north.”可知，中国种植了数以十亿计的树木，是为了抵抗不断扩大的沙漠。故选C。
38.D【解析】推理判断题。根据短文第三段的内容可知，从1978年起，中国开始在全国范围内植树造林。种植了超过660亿棵树，作为防风林。D选项符合文意，故选D。根据第三段“It has helped to plant more than 66 billion trees across 13 provinces in the country's north to act as windbreaks(防风林), according to China Daily.”可知A不对；根据“In 1978, China began a nationwide tree-planting programme known as the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Programme, also known as "the Great Green Wall".”可知，中国从1978年开始修建“绿色长城”，并不是已经成功建成，故B不对；根据第四段“Since 2018, SFGA has made more efforts to build a greener country. Its purpose is to grow at least 6. 7 million hectares(公顷)of forest every year in the next 15 years.”可知C不对。
39.D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第四段“Besides planting more trees, China has tried to bring back grasslands. It has also used strict forest protection methods and banned(禁止)all commercial logging(商业伐木)since last August.”可知，为了建设更加绿色的国家，中国不仅种植更多的树木，还试图恢复草原、使用严格的森林保护方法、禁止商业伐木。A、B和C三个选项在文章中都提到了。故选D。
40.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段的开头“The high-speed growth of forests cannot happen without public participation(参与).”可知，中国森林覆盖率的高速增长离不开公众的参与，并举了支付宝的蚂蚁森林的例子。由此可知，为了建设一个绿色的国家，每个人都可以贡献自己的力量。故选B。

（八）【2020 •昆明市】
Yuan Longping, a great scientist, is the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice （杂交水稻） which helps fight hunger in China.
Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world's population, but only 7 percent of its farmland. In the 1960s, China suffered （遭受）serious hunger. Millions of people died because they had no food. As an agronomy （农学） teacher, Yuan was very sad to see this. “How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice. It has a high output（产量）.
At that time, other scientists didn't think hybrid rice was worth studying. But Yuan and his team worked on it every day. They took very good care of their rice seeds.
At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is strong. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and also in bad weather. It can also fight disease. Its output was much greater than common kinds of nice. With the new kind, about 70,000,000 people could have food every year.
Yuan solved the food problem in China. But he is still working on rice. Before he retires （退休）, he hopes to grow rice in the sea!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
36. Why was food a big problem in China in the past?
A. Because farmers didn't grow nice.
B. Because farmers didn't have rice seeds.
C. Because China had no money to buy plenty of food.
D. Because China had a large population but a little farmland.
37. How did Yuan Longping help people have enough food?
A. He discovered another kind of food.
B. He borrowed enough food from other countries.
C. He developed a kind of hybrid rice with his team.
D. He started being an agronomy teacher to study nice.
38. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the new kind of hybrid rice?
A. It is able to fight disease. B. It is grown across the world.
C. Its output is much higher. D. It can be grown in different farmland.
39. Yuan Longping wishes to before he retires.
A. grow rice in the sea B. have a good rest
C. keep several pet cats D. help people in Africa
40. What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. The new kind of hybrid rice is worth studying.
B. The new kind of hybrid rice was invented in China.
C. Yuan Longping grew the new kind of hybrid rice for many years.
D. Yuan Longping has played an important role in solving China's food problem.
袁隆平，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，他研究的杂交水稻，提高了粮食产量，为我国解决了重要的粮食问题。这篇短文给我们介绍了袁隆平研究杂交水稻的背景以及他做出的贡献。
36.D【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Food was a big problem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent of the world's population, but only 7 percent of its farmland.”可知，在过去，粮食是中国的大问题，因为中国有世界22%的人口，但只有7%的耕地。故选D。
37.C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段““How can I help them have enough food?” he thought. He decided to work on a kind of hybrid rice.”和第四段“At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice.”可知，袁隆平和他的团队种植了一种新的杂交水稻，这种水稻能对抗疾病、产量高，因而解决了中国的粮食问题。故选C。
38.B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第四段“At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind of hybrid rice. This rice is strong. Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and also in bad weather. It can also fight disease. Its output was much greater than common kinds of nice.”可知，文章中提到了这种水稻产量高、能抵抗疾病、能在不同的耕地上种植，B选项“它在全世界种植”没有提到。故选B。
39.A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段“Before he retires, he hopes to grow rice in the sea!”可知，袁隆平在退休之前，希望能够在大海里种植水稻。故选A。
40.D【解析】主旨大意题。根据文意以及短文第一段“Yuan Longping, a great scientist, is the first person to develop a kind of hybrid rice which helps fight hunger in China.”可知，这篇短文主要讲述了袁隆平和他的团队是如何研究种植杂交水稻，帮助中国解决粮食问题的。D选项最符合文意，故选D。


（九）【2019 • 安徽省中考】
Like many high school graduates, Maggie Doyne didn’t go straight to college. She decided to travel and arrived in western Nepal in 2006. A war had just ended there and left many children living on the streets. They were often forced to work at hard physical jobs for little money.
One day, while walking down a country road, Doyne saw a little girl breaking up rocks. She soon learned that 7-year-old Hima sold the rocks to support her family. With deep sadness, she decided to pay Hima’s tuition(学费) for school. Encouraged by the changes in the child, Doyne thought, "If we can help one child, why not?"
Doyne felt that the street children’s greatest need was a home. She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5,000 she saved from years of babysitting(当临时保姆) . In 2008 the Kopila Valley Chilren’s Home was set up. With the help from the community, another goal was reached in 2010—the Kopila Valley School. Over 350 children now attend the school and over 50 live in the home.
Today, Doyne lives in the home and is "mum" to the kids.
14. When did Maggie Doyne travel to western Nepal?
A. In 2006. B. In 2007. C. In 2008. D. In 2010.
15. Why did Hima break up the rocks?
A. To do physical exercise. B. To build a new school.
C. To get money for her family. D. To repair the country road.
16. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. The street children once worked as babysitters.
B. Doyne got some support from the community.
C. Doyne borrowed much money from the government.
D. Over 5,000 children attend the Kopila Valley School.
17. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Maggie Doyne—A Lonely Traveller B. War in Western Nepal
C. Maggie Doyne—Mum to More Than 50 D. A Girl Lived on Her Own
【文章大意】Maggie Doyne是一共高中毕业生，但她没有直接上大学，而且去尼泊尔西部旅行。那里刚结束一场战争，很多孩子都上不起学，甚至没有一个家。Doyne决定做点什么来帮助他们，她给流离失所的孩子建造了一个家，还建了学校，让孩子们上学。
14. A【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话She decided to travel and arrived in western Nepal in 2006.可知，Maggie Doyne在2006年去了尼泊尔西部旅行。由此可知应选A。
15. C【解析】细节理解题。根据短文第二段One day, while walking down a country road, Doyne saw a little girl breaking up rocks. She soon learned that 7-year-old Hima sold the rocks to support her family.可知，Hima砸石头卖掉，用得来的钱养活家人。由此可知应选C。
16. B【解析】细节理解题。根据She found a piece of land for sale and bought it with $5,000 she saved from years of babysitting (当临时保姆) . 可知A不对；根据短文第三段中With the help from the community, another goal was reached in 2010—the Kopila Valley School.可知，在社区的帮助下，Doyne建立学校的目标实现了，由此可知应选B。C选项在短文中没有提到；根据 Over 350 children now attend the school可知D不对。答案是B。
17. C【解析】主旨大意题。这篇短文给我们介绍了高中毕业生Maggie Doyne在去尼泊尔旅行的时候，对那里孩子们的贫困生活留下了深刻的印象，她决定帮助他们。她在那里给孩子们建立了一个家，还建立了学校供孩子们上学，而Doyne就是那些孩子们的＂妈妈＂。由文意可知，C选项＂Maggie Doyne—50个孩子的妈妈＂这个题目最符合文章主旨，故选C。


（十）【2019 • 浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市】

In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why?
Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. It’s the social proof(社会认同感) that works.
The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines(A, B, C). A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other man enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects(实验对象).
Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep away from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting(打猎) with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants(后代) of those who copied others’ action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.
Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be careful whenever a company says its product is ＂the most popular＂.
5. At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by _________.
A. telling a story B. giving examples
C. answering questions D. showing a map
6. According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows _________.
A. following others is always right
B. social proof may change people’s ideas
C. it’s difficult to carry out the experiment
D. people can study better if they are alone
7. The underlined word ＂It＂ in Paragraph 4 refers to _________.
A. running with others B. hunting with friends
C. copying others’ action D. doing something different
8. According to the passage, we can infer(推断) that _________.
A. it’s important to run with others anytime
B. products in the advertisement are the best
C. we mustn’t copy others’ action to keep safe
D. we need to think twice before following others
【文章大意】本文主要通过一些社会现象以及科学家做的实验，告诉大家不要盲目随波逐流。
5. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，分别讲了在公园和在音乐会上的两种现象——别人抬头看天空你也会不自觉地看天空，别人在音乐会上鼓掌，不一会儿整个屋子的人都会跟着鼓掌。通过这两个例子引出本文主题，故答案选B。
6. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第3段中的信息It shows how social proof can influence us. 它说明了社会认同感是如何影响我们的；故答案选B。
7. C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文We are descendants(后代) of those who copied others’ action. 我们是那些复制他人行为的人的后代。结合本句It is so deeply planted in our mind它深深的植入了我们的思想中，＂它＂指的就是复制其他人的行为这件事；故答案选C。
8. D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章我们可以推断，在追随其他人之前，我们需要再三考虑. 恰巧这也是整篇文章的主旨，不要盲目随波逐流。故答案选D。