2021届高考英语一轮复习题型整合练习 全国卷 专题一:完形填空 短文改错(5)
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2021年高考英语一轮复习题型整合练习
全国卷 专题一:完形填空+短文改错(5)
一、阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Some of the greatest problems we face today are concerned with the gradual destruction of our environment. Brown clouds; wildlife 1 ; polluted water. These 2 all seem so huge. So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to 3 .
But does it do any good?
I recently learned something about flamingos (火烈鸟). These beautiful birds gather in 4 groups of a thousand or more. Every year, when the time 5 for migration, a few flamingos start the process by taking off from the lake. But 6 of the others seem to notice, so the tiny group returns.
However, the next day they 7 again. This time a few more struggle along with them, but the vast majority still 8 no attention, so these pioneers come back.
The 9 continues for several more days. Every time a few more birds join in but, 10 the thousands of others still take no 11 , the great migration plan is once again 12 .
Then one day something 13 . The same small group of birds takes wing and a tiny number more join in, just as before. And this time their total number, though still quite 14 , is enough to tip the balance. As one, the whole group takes flight and the migration 15 . What a 16 sight it must be – thousands of flamingos taking to the sky at once!
A few can make a 17 . It’s true that all of the great problems of the world have been solved because of the 18 efforts of a few.
If you believe in a cause (事业), don’t 19 ! Others will someday take notice and together we will 20 even our greatest problems.
1.A.protection B.extinction C.migration D.separation
2.A.questions B.costs C.examples D.problems
3.A.drive B.run C.cycle D.stand
4.A.tiny B.different C.huge D.similar
5.A.comes B.passes C.varies D.moves
6.A.all B.any C.none D.most
7.A.gather B.attempt C.sing D.appear
8.A.attract B.require C.escape D.pay
9.A.plan B.trend C.activity D.movement
10.A.since B.though C.unless D.while
11.A.responsibility B.notice C.chance D.measure
12.A.put off B.cut off C.carried out D.worked out
13.A.approaches B.works C.changes D.disappears
14.A.significant B.reasonable C.adequate D.small
15.A.continues B.delays C.finishes D.begins
16.A.familiar B.strange C.magnificent D.unrealistic
17.A.point B.decision C.difference D.mistake
18.A.useless B.tireless C.extra D.special
19.A.give up B.give in C.give away D.give out
20.A.identify B.understand C.predict D.address
二、文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:把缺词处加一个漏符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
3. 请在答题纸上作答,此处作答不计分。
Time fly like an arrow. I'm already in the second half of Senior Grade 3 before I realized it. It is only a little more than three months before I graduate middle school. At the present,I'm busy review my lessons in order to take the College Entrance Examination. I hope to go to Beijing University, that is one of the best university not only in China but also in the world. I'll try my best to turn your dream into reality. Most of my classmates are also studying very hardly to realize their dreams. I do believe everyone will be able to enter an university or college.
答案以及解析
一、答案:1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.C; 5.A; 6.C; 7.B; 8.D; 9.B; 10.A; 11.B; 12.A; 13.C; 14.D; 15.D; 16.C; 17.C; 18.B; 19.A; 20.D
解析:1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:棕色云;野生动物灭绝;被污染的水,这些问题看起来都很严重。A. protection保护;B. extinction灭绝;C. migration迁移;D. separation分离。此处与Brown clouds和polluted water并列是三个严重的问题,指的是野生动物灭绝,故B项正确。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. questions提问;B. costs花销;C. examples例子;D. problems问题。根据第一句中的“problems”可知,这些问题看起来都很严重,故D项正确。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们步行去不需要开车去的地方。A. drive开车;B. run跑;C. cycle骑自行车;D. stand站。根据本空前的“We walk where we don’t have to”可知,我们步行去不需要开车去的地方,故A项正确。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这些美丽的鸟聚集成上千只甚至更多的大群。A. tiny微小的;B. different不同的;C. huge 巨大的;D. similar相似的。根据空后的“groups of a thousand or more.”可知,一个鸟群有很多只火烈鸟,规模非常大,故C项正确。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每年,当迁徙的时候,一些火烈鸟会从湖中起飞。A. comes到来;B. passes经过;C. varies不同;D. moves移动。the time comes for...表示“到……的时候了”,故A项正确。
6.考查代词词义辨析。句意:然而,其他的火烈鸟好像并没注意到,于是这一小群火烈鸟又飞回到湖面上。A. all所有;B. any任何;C. none一个也没有、没有人;D. most大多数。根据空后的“so the tiny group returns.”可知,其他的火烈鸟中没有人注意到,于是这一小群火烈鸟又飞回到湖面上,故C项正确。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:可是第二天,这些少数的先行者会继续尝试起飞(准备迁徙)。A. gather聚集;B. attempt尝试;C. sing唱歌;D. appear出现。根据空后的“This time a few more struggle along with them”可知,第二天,这些少数的先行者会继续尝试起飞(准备迁徙),故B项正确。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这一次又有一些与它们一起起飞,但绝大多数仍然不理会,所以这些先行者又回来了。A. attract吸引;B. require要求;C. escape避开;D. pay给予。pay no attention to表示“不理会”,故D项正确。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这种趋势(尝试)要持续好多天。A. plan计划;B. trend趋势;C. activity活动;D. movement运动。此处指火烈鸟起飞准备迁徙的尝试,故B项正确。
10.考查连词词义辨析。句意:由于成千上万的火烈鸟仍然没有注意到,大迁移计划再次被推迟。A. since既然、由于;B. though尽管;C. unless除非;D. while而。成千上万的火烈鸟仍然没有注意到是大迁移计划再次被推迟的原因,故A项正确。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. responsibility责任;B. notice注意;C. chance机会;D. measure措施。take no notice与上文pay no attention to意思相近,表示“没注意到”,故B项正确。
12.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. put off推迟;B. cut off切断;C. carried out实施;D. worked out算出。根据上文先行者又飞回来可知,迁徙计划被推迟了,故A项正确。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:但有一天,事情发生了变化。A. approaches靠近;B. works起作用;C. changes改变;D. disappears消失。根据空后的“The same small group of birds takes wing and a tiny number more join in, ”可知,情况发生了改变,又有一些火烈鸟加入,故C项正确。
14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这一次,它们的总数虽然仍然很小,但足以打破平衡。A. significant重大的;B. reasonable合理的;C. adequate充足的;D. small小的。根据空前的“though”及空后的“is enough to tip the balance.”可知,尽管总数仍然很小,但足以打破平衡,故D项正确。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个整体,整个群体飞了起来开始迁徙。A. continues继续;B. delays耽搁;C. finishes完成;D. begins开始。经过多次尝试后,大迁徙终于开始了,故D项正确。
16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:成千上万只火烈鸟同时飞上天空,是多么壮观的景象啊!A. familiar熟悉的;B. strange奇怪的;C. magnificent壮丽的、宏伟的;D. unrealistic不切实际的。根据空后的“thousands of flamingos taking to the sky at once!”可知,成千上万只火烈鸟同时飞上天空,场面一定非常壮观,故C项正确。
17.考查名词词义辨析。句意:少数人也可以产生大影响(改变世界)。A. point要点;B. decision决定;C. difference不同;D. mistake错误。make a difference表示“有意义、有影响”,故C项正确。
18.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:诚然,世界上所有的重大问题都是通过少数人的不懈努力而得到解决的。A. useless无用的;B. tireless孜孜不倦的;C. extra额外的;D. special特别的。根据上文可知,正是因为那些少数先行者一次又一次的尝试,最后火烈鸟大军才成功迁徙,故B项正确。
19.考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果你想从事一项事业,就不要放弃。A. give up放弃;B. give in屈服;C. give away泄露;D. give out分发。从那些火烈鸟先行者的身上我们学到的是永不放弃的精神,故A项正确。
20.考查动词词义辨析。句意:总有一天,其他人会注意到,我们将一起解决我们最大的问题。A. identify识别;B. understand理解;C. predict预言;D. address解决。根据第一段提到的那些与环境被破坏有关的问题可知此处指我们将一起解决我们最大的问题,故D项正确。
二、答案:
Time like an arrow. I'm already in the second half of Senior Grade 3 before I it. It is only a little more than three months before I graduate middle school. At the present, I'm busy my lessons in order to take the College Entrance Examination. I hope to go to Beijing University, is one of the best not only in China but also in the world. I'll try my best to turn dream into reality. Most of my classmates are also studying very to realize their dreams. I do believe everyone will be able to enter university or college.
解析: 1:fly改为flies.考查谓语动词的形式.主语time表示抽象含义,故一般现在时态中谓语动词用三单形式.
2:realized改为realize.考查谓语动词的形式. 本句主句为一般现在时态,故从句中也要用一般现在时态.
3:graduate后面加from.考查介词.graduate是不及物动词,后接from表示从哪儿毕业.
4:去掉present前面的the.考查固定短语.固定短语at present目前.
5:review改为reviewing.考查非谓语动词.此处考查固定搭配be busy doing sth忙着做某事.
6:that改为which.考查定语从句.此处为非限定性定语从句,先行词Beijing University为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故关系词用which.
7: university---universities.考查名词.根据修饰词one of ,用名词复数universities.
8:your---my.考查代词.根据主语I可知用my修饰名词university dream.
9:hardly---hard.考查单词辨析.修饰动词studying,用副词hard表示"努力地".
10:an改为a.考查冠词.university词首音素是辅音,故不定冠词用a.