高中英语外研（2019）选择性必修一Unit 5 Revealing nature语言知识点总结
展开Unit 5 Revealing nature
一．重点短语
1.date back to表示“起源于,追溯到”,相当于date from;常用一般现在时。
All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and may date back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.
所有物品都来自同一个遗址——三星堆遗址,它们能追溯到3 000至5 000 年前。
【名师点津】
date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时,常用动词-ing形式。
2.make a profit赚取利润
do sth for profit为赢利而做某事
gain much profit from从……中获得许多益处
profit by sth从……中获取教益(无被动)
profit from sth得益于某事物;得到某事物的帮助
there is little profit in doing sth做某事利润少
3.crowd n.&vt.&vi.人群,大众;拥挤,挤满
a crowd of一群;一伙;一堆
crowds of许多
follow(go with)the crowd随大流;人云亦云
4.adapt sth from根据……改编某物
adapt...for为……而改写/改编……
adaptable adj.能适应的;可修改的
adaptation n.适应;改编;改写本
It was the culture,rather than the language,that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。
5.give/show evidence of有……的迹象
give no evidence of没有……的迹象
evident adj.明显的;明白的;清楚的
be evident to sb that...某人清楚的是……
It is (quite)evident that...很显然……
The room gave evidence of a struggle.
这房间里有搏斗过的痕迹。
6.available for可用于……的;对……有效的;能参加……的
be available to可以用来……;对……有效
There will also be paper ballots available for voters who want to use them.
同样有纸质选票供投票人选用。
7.suspicious adj.可疑的;怀疑的;多疑的
be suspicious of对……起疑
suspiciously adv.怀疑地;猜疑地
How do you advertise a social movement that is suspicious of advertising?
你要如何为一个对广告持怀疑态度的社会运动做广告呢?
8.in/with regard to/as regards/regarding关于,至于
regard...as把……看作
in this/that regard在这/那方面;在这/那一点上
give my best regards (to sb)请代问候(某人);请代向某人致意
regardless of不管,不顾
9.characteristic adj.典型的;特有的;表示特性的
characteristically adv.典型地;表示特性地
character n.性格,品质;特性;角色 vt.印,刻;使具有特征
10.blameless adj.清白的;无可责备的;无过失的
blame on 把责任推给……;怪到……头上
10.on the decline在衰退中,走下坡路
fall into decline衰落
decline to do sth拒绝做某事
He declined to answer my questions.
他拒绝回答我的问题。
11.survive sth从……中幸存下来
survive on sth靠……存活下来
survive sb比某人活得长
survivor n.幸存者;生还者
survival n.幸存
They survived on leaves when they were lost.
他们迷路时靠吃树叶生存。
12.besides/in addition to除……之外(还)
as well as可以用于同级比较,意为“和……一样好”。
as well是副词短语,其意思为“也”,相当于too,它一般放在句末,有时和连词and或but搭配使用。
13.the amount of...……的数量
a large/great amount of+n.[U]大量的……(作主语时,谓语用单数)
large amounts of+n.[U]大量的……(作主语时,谓语用复数)
amount to总计,合计
in amount(=in all)总之,总计;在数量上
in large/small amount大/小量地;大/小批地
A large amount of money was spent on the project.=Large amounts of money were spent on the project.
这项工程花费了大量金钱。
14.be linked to/with 与……有联系;与……连接
link A with/to B 把A与B连接起来
link up(with)sb/sth与……结合/联系
He believed that these creatures are linked to a common ancestor,an animal that lived in Asia some 300,000 years ago.
他认为,这些生物与一个共同的祖先相关联,该生物生活于约30万年前的亚洲。
二．重点句式
1.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree.是一个年轻人没有完成学位就离开了医学院。
【句式剖析】该句子为It was...who...为结构的强调句,强调主语a young man。
【句式拓展】
强调句的基本结构:
It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分.
Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分?
特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他部分?
强调“not...until”结构中由until引导的短语或从句时,结构为:It is/was not until...that+其余部分。
【温馨提示】强调句中的it不能更换,be动词与其余部分的时态一致,数的形式不受强调部分单复数的影响;被强调部分可以是除谓语动词以外的任何成分,被强调部分是人可用that/who指代,其他一律用that指代;被强调部分若是原句的主语,who/that之后的谓语动词的人称和数与该主语一致。
2.Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交流的秘密方式。
【句式剖析】该句子中in which引导定语从句,修饰先行词the secret ways。
way表示“方法/方式”作定语从句的先行词时,定语从句的关系词的选择如下:
如果定语从句不缺少成分时,in...way“以/用……的方法/方式”作状语,则关系词选用以下三种其中任意一种:in which,that 或省略不用关系词。
