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2020版新一线高考英语（人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture
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Unit 3 Life in the future
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1．previous adj.在前的；早先的
2．fasten vt.系牢；扎牢
3．desert n．沙漠；荒原
4．flash vt.& vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现
5．guide n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导
6．lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西
7．switch n．开关；转换 vt.转换
8．optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的
9．material n．原料；材料
10．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
11．dustbin n．垃圾箱
12．button n．纽扣；按钮
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．A new series of simple English reading materials (material) for middle school students has come out this year.
2．With the man guiding(guide) us ahead，we had no trouble finding the village.
3．According to the airline rules，we suggest you (should)_switch(switch) off your mobile phone before boarding.
4．All passengers on board are expected to_fasten(fasten) the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.
5．Paper，iron and glass are all materials which can be_recycled(recycle) and reused again.
拓展单词
1．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍
2．impress v．(使)留下深刻印象→impression n．印象；感想；印记→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的
3．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地
4．surround vt.围绕→surroundings n．周围的事物；环境→surrounding adj.周围的
5．adjust vt.调整；使适应→adjustment n．调整；调节
6．press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)
7．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.马上
8．settle v．定居；解决→settlement n．定居；解决
9．exhaust vt.耗尽→exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的
10．motivate v．成为……的动机；激励→motivation n．动机
11．certain adj.确信的；有把握的→certainty n．确信→uncertain adj.(反义词)不确切的；无把握的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．We are in instant need of help.Please tell us instantly when they arrive.(instant)
2．The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place.Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors.I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)
3．The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans.(surround)
4．The firm is pressing me for a decision and the pressure from my parents is quite unbearable，so I had to accept this new job.(press)
5．An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement．(settle)
阅读词汇
1．aspect n．方面；层面
2．timetable n．时间表；时刻表
3．typist n．打字员
4．tablet n．药片
5．steward n．乘务员；服务员
6．stewardess n．女乘务员
7．mask n．面具；面罩；伪装
8．citizen n．公民；居民；市民
9．ecology n．生态；生态学
10．postage n．邮资
11．receiver n．接受者；接收器；电话听筒
12．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
13．goods n．货物
14．representative n．代表；典型人物
adj.典型的；有代表性的
拓展联想
1.单复数意义不同的名词集锦
①good善行；好处→goods货物
②time时间→times时代
③custom习惯；风俗→customs海关
④instruction 指导→instructions用法说明
⑤pain痛苦→pains 辛苦；努力
⑥sand沙子→sands沙滩
⑦look脸色；看→looks容貌
2.男女有别
①
②
③
④
3.后缀ive形容词大观园
①attractive吸引人的
②impressive 印象深刻的
③creative 创造性的
④constructive 建设性的
⑤expensive 昂贵的
⑥active 积极的
⑦positive 积极的
熟词生义
你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and ereaders showed up in 2007.
平板电脑
2．(2018·江苏卷)The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photoopportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends—to demand “likes” for their online posts. 帖子
3．(2018·浙江卷)The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%. 印刷机
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.suffer_from患有(疾病等)；为……受苦
2．be_greedy_for... 对……贪婪的
3．lose_sight_of_... 看不见……
4．as_a_result 结果；因此
5．(a)_lack_of 缺乏……
6．be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
Mr.Wang is an experienced worker and works hard.①As_a_result，he is popular among all of us.For ②lack_of regular exercise，he fell ill last month，③suffering_from heart attack.
Fortunately，he ④is_back_on_his_feet now.He hopes to take up his previous work.We are happy because he is an optimistic man.
高
频
短
语
7.take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用
8．sweep_up 打扫；横扫
9．slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
10．in_all_directions 向四面八方
11．remind_sb.of... 使某人想起……；提醒某人……
12．speed_up 加速
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
His whole morning was ⑤taken_up with the meeting and his head ached when it was finally over.Just at that time，the assistant came in and ⑥reminded_him_of the time to pick up the customer at the airport.He ⑦speeded/sped_up his car on the way to get there in time.Among all the people going ⑧in_all_directions，he caught sight of the customer who he was waiting for.
拓
展
联
想
1.“v.＋from”短语荟萃
①suffer from 遭受
②result from 因……而起
③hear from 收到……的来信
④escape from 从……逃脱
⑤benefit from 从……中获益
⑥die from 死于……
⑦date from 始于……
2．常见的“动词＋up”短语
①hold up举起；耽搁
②keep up保持；维持
③set up 建造；创立
④bring up 抚育；养育；教养；呕吐
⑤build up 逐步建立
⑥turn up 出现；露面
⑦clear up 整理；收拾；(天空)放晴
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.be＋adj.＋to do结构。
At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
就我个人而言，他为人随和并容易相处。
As far as I'm concerned，he is easygoing and easy_to_get_along_with.
2.过去分词作状语。
Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.
假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。
Given_more_attention and caring，the child wouldn't have become so selfish and naughty.
3.形容词作伴随状语。
Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。
Tired_and_thirsty，he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.
4.where引导定语从句。
Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.
学生应该参加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where_they_can_gain_experience for growth.
精讲4个考纲单词
1．lack vt.& vi.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西
(1)单句语法填空
①Though lacking(lack) money，his parents managed to send him to a university.
②Lacking(lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.
③For lack of human protection，the number of Yangtze finless porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller，only 1，000 left up to now.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Though Jack was lacking in experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm.
(高级表达)Though_lacking_in_experience，Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略)
先理解再牢记
(1)for lack of因缺乏……
a lack of 缺乏……
(2)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……
[名师点津] lack作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking常与in连用；名词常与of连用。
2.press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻
(1)单句语法填空
①It is not wise to press them to_leave(leave)here so early.
②Out of curiosity，the little girl pressed her nose against/to the shop window.
③I know studying is very important，but my parents put too much pressure(press) on me.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
无论你有多么大的压力，都不要半途放弃。
No_matter_how_much_pressure_you_are_under，you should never give up halfway.
先理解再牢记
(1)press...against/to...把……压/挤/贴在……
press sth.on sb.把(想法等)强加于某人
press sb.to do sth.极力劝说/敦促某人做某事
(2)pressure n．压(力)，压强；强制
put pressure on...给……施压
under pressure 面临压力；受到压力
(3)pressing adj.紧急的，急迫的
3.instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的
(1)单句语法填空
①He paused for an instant before continuing.
②In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。
①Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the_instant she read the letter.
②Much to my surprise，she burst into tears instantly she read the letter.
先理解再牢记
for an instant一会儿，片刻
in an instant＝instantly 立刻，马上
the instant＋从句 一……就……
[联想发散] 表示“一……就……”的结构有：the minute，the moment，as soon as，immediately，directly，hardly...when...，no sooner...than...等。
4.tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
(1)单句语法填空
①I can't tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.
②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
(高级表达)When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/_put_up_with．
先理解再牢记
(1)tolerate(sb.)doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
(2)tolerance n．宽容；宽恕
tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
[联想发散] “容忍”的种种表达还有：
tolerate；stand；bear；put up with等。
诠释3个核心短语
1．take up占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；开始从事
(1)写出下列句中take up的含义
①We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占据
②I put the telephone down and took up my work again.继续
③Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.开始从事
④I'm going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing.接受
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)He didn't understand what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
(高级表达)He didn't take_in/_make_sense_of what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
先理解再牢记
take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞
take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理
take down 写下；记下；拆除
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
[佳句背诵] With the development of science and technology，our country has taken on a new look.
[联想发散] “领会，理解”表达：make sense of；take in；understand等。
2.lose sight of...看不见……；忽略……
(1)单句改错
①They fell in love at the first sight，and three months later，they got married.去掉the
②At sight of his mother，the boy ran to her.sight前加the
③At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of the sight.去掉sight_前的the
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I saw her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.
(高级表达)I caught_sight_of her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.
先理解再牢记
(1)catch sight of发现；看到
lose one's sight 失明
come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘
(2)at first sight 乍一看
at the sight of 看到
out of sight 看不到
[佳句背诵] Only a shortsighted man will lose sight of the importance of education.
3.speed up 加速
(1)单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！”
②Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300，000 km per second.
③Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
据我所知，政府将加快经济改革的步伐。
As far as I know，the government will speed_up_the_pace_of our economic reform.
先理解再牢记
(1)reduce speed/slow down减速
pick up speed 逐渐加速
(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
at a speed of...以……速度
with all speed开足马力、全速
[温馨提示] speed的过去式、 过去分词有两种形式： speeded，speeded或sped，sped。
[熟词生义] Drivers who are caught speeding risk a heavy fine.(v.超速驾驶)
突破2个高考句型
1．(教材P18)Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。
[要点提炼] 过去分词短语作状语。
(1)单句语法填空
①Located(locate) in the central district，the Xi'an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.
②Ordered(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)When it is seen from the top of the high building，the park looks even more beautiful.
①(高级表达)Seen_from the top of the high building，the park looks even more beautiful.(过去分词作状语)
②(高级表达)Seeing_from the top of the high building，I find the park even more beautiful.(现在分词作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，表示被动或完成；
(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致；
(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。
[佳句背诵] Offered an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.
2.(教材P18)Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。
[要点提炼] 形容词作伴随状语。
(1)单句语法填空
①To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy(health)．
②After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，exhausted(exhaust)．
③The boy lay on the sofa，relaxed(relax)．
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)I was too nervous.I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.However，I didn't worry but tried to calm myself down.
(高级表达)Too_nervous，I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.However，I didn't worry but tried to calm myself down.(形容词作状语)
先理解再牢记
形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
[名师点津] (1)形容词作状语常用来说明主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。
(2)如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则用副词作状语。如：
Unfortunately，his parents died when he was very young.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There is no possibility that every student is willing to take up this kind of thrilling sport.
2．Everyone needs to learn new things constantly (constant) on the job and it is common practice for people to go back to school.
3．If I were her staff，I really wouldn't tolerate being_scolded(scold) by her every day.
4．Faced(face) with the increasing unemployment，many people went on strike in most of the European countries.
5．Many children at the school do not live in the town，but come from the surrounding(surround) countryside.
6．Having no motivation(motivate) to study may be the most dangerous thing for a student.
7．As far as I know，our English teacher as well as other teachers never tolerates cheating(cheat) in the exams.
8．The dustman swept ( sweep ) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.
9．He sped (speed) up a bit and finally reached the town at dusk.
10．I was deeply impressed(impress) with the speech by our president at BRICS Business Forum.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Whether a child can grow up healthily or not depends on the surrounding in which he lives.surrounding→surroundings
2．We live near the airport.The loud noise from the planes every day is hard to put up.up后加with
3．Giving the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.Giving→Given
4．We must never lose the sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature.去掉第一个the
5．In front of our house stand a tall tree with a history of 1，000 years，which is protected by the government now.stand→stands
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P17－18课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I went into the future because I had won a prize that gave me a tour.I 1.suffered(suffer)from“time lag”when I left my own time.Wang Ping gave me some green tablets 2.that/which could help me feel less nervous and uncertain.His 3.parents'(parent)company，called“Future Tours”，transported me 4.safely(safe) into the future in a time capsule.The first thing I noticed 5.was(be)the poor quality of the air，so my head ached.And I found several 6.things(thing)different：a mask to give me enough oxygen；a hovering carriage 7.driven(drive)by computer；a strangelooking house belonging to Wang Ping's parents.Here the trees acted 8.as walls and provided oxygen for 9.the room；a table，some chairs and a bed 10.rose(rise) from under the floor as if by magic.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．为了生计，前几年我弟弟从事了不同的工作。(take up)
2．为了做好工作，他不断根据公司的要求做出调整。(constantly)
3．为了获得提拔，他努力给老板留下好印象。(promote)
4．去年由于不能忍受一家电脑公司的工作环境，他缺失了工作的动力。(lack；tolerate)
5．在我的帮助下，他很快调整了心态，然后乐观地生活。(with the help of...)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
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第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
In order to make a living，my brother took up different jobs in the previous years.He constant made adjustments according to the requirements of the company so that he could do his work good.In order to get promote，he tried to leave good impressions on the boss.Last year he lacked motivation to work because he can't tolerate the surroundings of a computer firm.It was with the help of me which he soon adjusted his attitude of mind and was optimistic about life.
【答案】
In order to make a living，my brother took up different jobs in the previous years.He made adjustments according to the requirements of the company so that he could do his work .In order to get ，he tried to leave good impressions on the boss.Last year he lacked motivation to work because he tolerate the surroundings of a computer firm.It was with the help of me he soon adjusted his attitude of mind and was optimistic about life.
Unit 3 Life in the future
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1．previous adj.在前的；早先的
2．fasten vt.系牢；扎牢
3．desert n．沙漠；荒原
4．flash vt.& vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现
5．guide n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导
6．lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西
7．switch n．开关；转换 vt.转换
8．optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的
9．material n．原料；材料
10．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用
11．dustbin n．垃圾箱
12．button n．纽扣；按钮
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．A new series of simple English reading materials (material) for middle school students has come out this year.
2．With the man guiding(guide) us ahead，we had no trouble finding the village.
3．According to the airline rules，we suggest you (should)_switch(switch) off your mobile phone before boarding.
4．All passengers on board are expected to_fasten(fasten) the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.
5．Paper，iron and glass are all materials which can be_recycled(recycle) and reused again.
拓展单词
1．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍
2．impress v．(使)留下深刻印象→impression n．印象；感想；印记→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的
3．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地
4．surround vt.围绕→surroundings n．周围的事物；环境→surrounding adj.周围的
5．adjust vt.调整；使适应→adjustment n．调整；调节
6．press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)
7．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.马上
8．settle v．定居；解决→settlement n．定居；解决
9．exhaust vt.耗尽→exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的
10．motivate v．成为……的动机；激励→motivation n．动机
11．certain adj.确信的；有把握的→certainty n．确信→uncertain adj.(反义词)不确切的；无把握的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．We are in instant need of help.Please tell us instantly when they arrive.(instant)
2．The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place.Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors.I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)
3．The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans.(surround)
4．The firm is pressing me for a decision and the pressure from my parents is quite unbearable，so I had to accept this new job.(press)
5．An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement．(settle)
阅读词汇
1．aspect n．方面；层面
2．timetable n．时间表；时刻表
3．typist n．打字员
4．tablet n．药片
5．steward n．乘务员；服务员
6．stewardess n．女乘务员
7．mask n．面具；面罩；伪装
8．citizen n．公民；居民；市民
9．ecology n．生态；生态学
10．postage n．邮资
11．receiver n．接受者；接收器；电话听筒
12．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
13．goods n．货物
14．representative n．代表；典型人物
adj.典型的；有代表性的
拓展联想
1.单复数意义不同的名词集锦
①good善行；好处→goods货物
②time时间→times时代
③custom习惯；风俗→customs海关
④instruction 指导→instructions用法说明
⑤pain痛苦→pains 辛苦；努力
⑥sand沙子→sands沙滩
⑦look脸色；看→looks容貌
2.男女有别
①
②
③
④
3.后缀ive形容词大观园
①attractive吸引人的
②impressive 印象深刻的
③creative 创造性的
④constructive 建设性的
⑤expensive 昂贵的
⑥active 积极的
⑦positive 积极的
熟词生义
你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and ereaders showed up in 2007.
平板电脑
2．(2018·江苏卷)The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photoopportunities and then messaging friends—and friends of friends—to demand “likes” for their online posts. 帖子
3．(2018·浙江卷)The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy rate in England was under 50%. 印刷机
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.suffer_from患有(疾病等)；为……受苦
2．be_greedy_for... 对……贪婪的
3．lose_sight_of_... 看不见……
4．as_a_result 结果；因此
5．(a)_lack_of 缺乏……
6．be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
Mr.Wang is an experienced worker and works hard.①As_a_result，he is popular among all of us.For ②lack_of regular exercise，he fell ill last month，③suffering_from heart attack.
Fortunately，he ④is_back_on_his_feet now.He hopes to take up his previous work.We are happy because he is an optimistic man.
高
频
短
语
7.take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用
8．sweep_up 打扫；横扫
9．slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
10．in_all_directions 向四面八方
11．remind_sb.of... 使某人想起……；提醒某人……
12．speed_up 加速
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。
His whole morning was ⑤taken_up with the meeting and his head ached when it was finally over.Just at that time，the assistant came in and ⑥reminded_him_of the time to pick up the customer at the airport.He ⑦speeded/sped_up his car on the way to get there in time.Among all the people going ⑧in_all_directions，he caught sight of the customer who he was waiting for.
拓
展
联
想
1.“v.＋from”短语荟萃
①suffer from 遭受
②result from 因……而起
③hear from 收到……的来信
④escape from 从……逃脱
⑤benefit from 从……中获益
⑥die from 死于……
⑦date from 始于……
2．常见的“动词＋up”短语
①hold up举起；耽搁
②keep up保持；维持
③set up 建造；创立
④bring up 抚育；养育；教养；呕吐
⑤build up 逐步建立
⑥turn up 出现；露面
⑦clear up 整理；收拾；(天空)放晴
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.be＋adj.＋to do结构。
At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
就我个人而言，他为人随和并容易相处。
As far as I'm concerned，he is easygoing and easy_to_get_along_with.
2.过去分词作状语。
Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.
假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。
Given_more_attention and caring，the child wouldn't have become so selfish and naughty.
3.形容词作伴随状语。
Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。
Tired_and_thirsty，he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.
4.where引导定语从句。
Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.
学生应该参加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where_they_can_gain_experience for growth.
精讲4个考纲单词
1．lack vt.& vi.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西
(1)单句语法填空
①Though lacking(lack) money，his parents managed to send him to a university.
②Lacking(lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.
③For lack of human protection，the number of Yangtze finless porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller，only 1，000 left up to now.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)Though Jack was lacking in experience，he made up for it in enthusiasm.
(高级表达)Though_lacking_in_experience，Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略)
先理解再牢记
(1)for lack of因缺乏……
a lack of 缺乏……
(2)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的
be lacking in 缺少……
[名师点津] lack作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking常与in连用；名词常与of连用。
2.press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻
(1)单句语法填空
①It is not wise to press them to_leave(leave)here so early.
②Out of curiosity，the little girl pressed her nose against/to the shop window.
③I know studying is very important，but my parents put too much pressure(press) on me.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
无论你有多么大的压力，都不要半途放弃。
No_matter_how_much_pressure_you_are_under，you should never give up halfway.
先理解再牢记
(1)press...against/to...把……压/挤/贴在……
press sth.on sb.把(想法等)强加于某人
press sb.to do sth.极力劝说/敦促某人做某事
(2)pressure n．压(力)，压强；强制
put pressure on...给……施压
under pressure 面临压力；受到压力
(3)pressing adj.紧急的，急迫的
3.instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的
(1)单句语法填空
①He paused for an instant before continuing.
②In an instant，he took off his coat and jumped into the water.
(2)[链接写作]——一句多译
让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。
①Much to my surprise，she burst into tears the_instant she read the letter.
②Much to my surprise，she burst into tears instantly she read the letter.
先理解再牢记
for an instant一会儿，片刻
in an instant＝instantly 立刻，马上
the instant＋从句 一……就……
[联想发散] 表示“一……就……”的结构有：the minute，the moment，as soon as，immediately，directly，hardly...when...，no sooner...than...等。
4.tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
(1)单句语法填空
①I can't tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.
②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to bear.
(高级表达)When he went abroad，he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/_put_up_with．
先理解再牢记
(1)tolerate(sb.)doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
(2)tolerance n．宽容；宽恕
tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的
[联想发散] “容忍”的种种表达还有：
tolerate；stand；bear；put up with等。
诠释3个核心短语
1．take up占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；开始从事
(1)写出下列句中take up的含义
①We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占据
②I put the telephone down and took up my work again.继续
③Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.开始从事
④I'm going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing.接受
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)He didn't understand what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
(高级表达)He didn't take_in/_make_sense_of what he read because his mind was focused on something else.
先理解再牢记
take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞
take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理
take down 写下；记下；拆除
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
[佳句背诵] With the development of science and technology，our country has taken on a new look.
[联想发散] “领会，理解”表达：make sense of；take in；understand等。
2.lose sight of...看不见……；忽略……
(1)单句改错
①They fell in love at the first sight，and three months later，they got married.去掉the
②At sight of his mother，the boy ran to her.sight前加the
③At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of the sight.去掉sight_前的the
(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I saw her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.
(高级表达)I caught_sight_of her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.
先理解再牢记
(1)catch sight of发现；看到
lose one's sight 失明
come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘
(2)at first sight 乍一看
at the sight of 看到
out of sight 看不到
[佳句背诵] Only a shortsighted man will lose sight of the importance of education.
3.speed up 加速
(1)单句语法填空
①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！”
②Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300，000 km per second.
③Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed.
(2)[链接写作]——完成句子
据我所知，政府将加快经济改革的步伐。
As far as I know，the government will speed_up_the_pace_of our economic reform.
先理解再牢记
(1)reduce speed/slow down减速
pick up speed 逐渐加速
(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
at a speed of...以……速度
with all speed开足马力、全速
[温馨提示] speed的过去式、 过去分词有两种形式： speeded，speeded或sped，sped。
[熟词生义] Drivers who are caught speeding risk a heavy fine.(v.超速驾驶)
突破2个高考句型
1．(教材P18)Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。
[要点提炼] 过去分词短语作状语。
(1)单句语法填空
①Located(locate) in the central district，the Xi'an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.
②Ordered(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)When it is seen from the top of the high building，the park looks even more beautiful.
①(高级表达)Seen_from the top of the high building，the park looks even more beautiful.(过去分词作状语)
②(高级表达)Seeing_from the top of the high building，I find the park even more beautiful.(现在分词作状语)
先理解再牢记
(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，表示被动或完成；
(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致；
(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。
[佳句背诵] Offered an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.
2.(教材P18)Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。
[要点提炼] 形容词作伴随状语。
(1)单句语法填空
①To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy(health)．
②After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，exhausted(exhaust)．
③The boy lay on the sofa，relaxed(relax)．
(2)[链接写作]——句式升级
(普通表达)I was too nervous.I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.However，I didn't worry but tried to calm myself down.
(高级表达)Too_nervous，I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.However，I didn't worry but tried to calm myself down.(形容词作状语)
先理解再牢记
形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
[名师点津] (1)形容词作状语常用来说明主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。
(2)如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则用副词作状语。如：
Unfortunately，his parents died when he was very young.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There is no possibility that every student is willing to take up this kind of thrilling sport.
2．Everyone needs to learn new things constantly (constant) on the job and it is common practice for people to go back to school.
3．If I were her staff，I really wouldn't tolerate being_scolded(scold) by her every day.
4．Faced(face) with the increasing unemployment，many people went on strike in most of the European countries.
5．Many children at the school do not live in the town，but come from the surrounding(surround) countryside.
6．Having no motivation(motivate) to study may be the most dangerous thing for a student.
7．As far as I know，our English teacher as well as other teachers never tolerates cheating(cheat) in the exams.
8．The dustman swept ( sweep ) up all the fallen leaves on this street yesterday.
9．He sped (speed) up a bit and finally reached the town at dusk.
10．I was deeply impressed(impress) with the speech by our president at BRICS Business Forum.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Whether a child can grow up healthily or not depends on the surrounding in which he lives.surrounding→surroundings
2．We live near the airport.The loud noise from the planes every day is hard to put up.up后加with
3．Giving the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.Giving→Given
4．We must never lose the sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature.去掉第一个the
5．In front of our house stand a tall tree with a history of 1，000 years，which is protected by the government now.stand→stands
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P17－18课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I went into the future because I had won a prize that gave me a tour.I 1.suffered(suffer)from“time lag”when I left my own time.Wang Ping gave me some green tablets 2.that/which could help me feel less nervous and uncertain.His 3.parents'(parent)company，called“Future Tours”，transported me 4.safely(safe) into the future in a time capsule.The first thing I noticed 5.was(be)the poor quality of the air，so my head ached.And I found several 6.things(thing)different：a mask to give me enough oxygen；a hovering carriage 7.driven(drive)by computer；a strangelooking house belonging to Wang Ping's parents.Here the trees acted 8.as walls and provided oxygen for 9.the room；a table，some chairs and a bed 10.rose(rise) from under the floor as if by magic.
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．为了生计，前几年我弟弟从事了不同的工作。(take up)
2．为了做好工作，他不断根据公司的要求做出调整。(constantly)
3．为了获得提拔，他努力给老板留下好印象。(promote)
4．去年由于不能忍受一家电脑公司的工作环境，他缺失了工作的动力。(lack；tolerate)
5．在我的帮助下，他很快调整了心态，然后乐观地生活。(with the help of...)
第一步：练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
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第二步：练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
In order to make a living，my brother took up different jobs in the previous years.He constant made adjustments according to the requirements of the company so that he could do his work good.In order to get promote，he tried to leave good impressions on the boss.Last year he lacked motivation to work because he can't tolerate the surroundings of a computer firm.It was with the help of me which he soon adjusted his attitude of mind and was optimistic about life.
【答案】
In order to make a living，my brother took up different jobs in the previous years.He made adjustments according to the requirements of the company so that he could do his work .In order to get ，he tried to leave good impressions on the boss.Last year he lacked motivation to work because he tolerate the surroundings of a computer firm.It was with the help of me he soon adjusted his attitude of mind and was optimistic about life.
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