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2021版新高考译林英语（江苏专版）一轮教师用书：选修8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight
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三言
两语
1.Be sure to wear a smile on your face when you speak，which will make you relaxed.
2．The money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need.
3．After his graduation，this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China，making him famous nationwide.
1.我刚坐下来吃晚饭，电话就响了。
Hardly had we sat down to supper when the phone rang.
2．Had_you_come with us，I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.
如果你和我们一起来的话，我保证你也会喜欢欧洲的。
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1．scenery n．风景，景色，风光
2．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励 vt.奖励，给以报酬
3．dip vt.&vi.浸，蘸
4．calculate vt.&vi.计算；推测
5．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
6．abstract adj.抽象的 n．摘要，概要
7．commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
8．output n．产量，输出量；输出
9．shadow n．影子，阴影；阴暗处
10．cloth n．布料，织物；(一块)布
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．This is the identical knife with which the murder was committed(commit)．
2．After the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodations(accommodate) for the homeless families.
3．Benefit is_calculated(calculate) on the basis of average weekly earnings.
4．After saying this，he dipped(dip) his finger into the jar and put it into his mouth.
5．When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)．
6．The children are having fun，chasing each other's shadows(shadow).
拓展单词
1．architect n．建筑师；设计师→architecture n．建筑；建筑学
2．star n．星星→starry adj.布满星星的；像星星的，明亮的
3．agent n．代理人，经纪人→agency n．代理机构
4．change vt.改变 n．变化→changeable adj.多变的，易变的
5．admit vt.承认，准许进入，允许加入→admission n．(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费
6．scholar n．学者；奖学金获得者→scholarship n．奖学金
7．disgust vt.使厌恶→disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的→disgusted adj.厌恶的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It is obvious that we can't change the changeable weather.We have to adjust to it.(change)
2．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit)
3．What the factory did disgusted people living here.The smell it let off was disgusting and I was disgusted at it.(disgust)
4．The building was designed by a famous architect.Its style of architecture belongs to Europe.(architect)
5．To help the students go on further study，the scholar in that university decided to design a scholarship.(scholar)
6．I was busy，so I had to ask an agency to help me sell my old house.The agent there priced the house at the right level for the market and soon the house was sold.(agent)
阅读单词
1．gallery n．画廊，陈列室，展览馆
2．birthplace n．出生地；发源地
3．consensus n．共识，一致的意见
4．dormitory n．集体宿舍
5．wrinkle vt.&vi.(使)起皱纹 n．皱纹，皱褶，皱痕
6．acute adj.锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的，灵敏的
7．being n．身心；存在；生物
8．ankle n．踝，踝关节
9．chef n．厨师，(尤指)主厨，厨师长
10．aluminium n．铝
11．spray vt.喷，喷洒，向……喷洒 n．喷剂；喷雾；浪花
12．souvenir n．纪念物，纪念品
1．(2019·浙江卷)Beatlemania hit New York on February 7,1964.狂热地席卷
2．(2019·浙江卷)Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them.出现在，聚集在
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.lay_out 布置，设计；铺开，展开
2．cut_sth.out(of_sth.) 剪出，剪下
3．in_addition 而且；另外
4．make_a_reservation 预定
5．so_far 到目前为止
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
When we ①laid_out the car parks，we reckoned on one car per family.②In_addition，the price was taken into account. If you want a bigger car park for two cars，you need to ③make_a_reservation in advance.
6.cut_up 切碎
7．act_as 担任，充当
8．put_on 上演；穿上
9．build_up 增强；积累，增多
10．come_on_the_market 上市，投入市场
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Before dress rehearsals，the teacher ④cut_up a watermelon and shared it out among his students，who would ⑤act_as characters in the play to be ⑥put_on next week.
11.find_out 找到，发现；查明，弄清
12．have_a_go(at) 试一试
13．be_made_out_of 由……制成，用……制成
14．upwards_of 在……以上，大于，超过
15．be_off_to 动身去……
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
No matter how difficult it is，he is determined to ⑦have_a_go_at the experiment to ⑧find_out whether the toy ⑨made_out_of plastic is nontoxic (无毒的).
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.hardly...when...意为“一……就……；刚……就……”
Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
他刚坐在桌旁，就开始向我们展示捏面人的基本技巧。
Hardly_had he sat down at a table when he began to show us the basic skills of making dough figurines.
2.虚拟条件句的倒装
Had you come with us，I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.
他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。
Had_he_seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.
1．calculate vt.&vi.计算；推测
(1)calculate that/whclause计算……；预测……
calculate on/upon依靠，依赖；期待，指望
be calculated to do sth.故意做/打算做/可能做某事
It is calculated that...据估算……
(2)calculation n．计算
calculate that the proposal would cost ￡40 million a year预计这项提案每年要花费4 000万英镑
calculate how much tax you have to pay算出你应交纳的税款
calculation on some questions with the application预料这一申请会有一些问题
be calculated to discuss the problem打算讨论这个问题
It has been calculated that...据估算……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We can't calculate on/upon all the world to approve of our point of view.
②This advertisement is calculated to_attract(attract) the attention of housewives.
③Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct calculation(calculate)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
据估算，去年至少有5万个工作岗位消失。
①It_is_estimated_that__at_least_50,000_jobs_were_lost_last_year.(it is)
②It_has_been_calculated_that__at_least_50,000_jobs_were_lost_last_year.(it has been)
2．commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入；犯罪；犯错；承诺，保证
(1)commit an error/a crime/suicide 做错事/犯罪/自杀
commit...to...向……投入……
commit oneself to (doing) sth.专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事
(2)committed adj.尽心尽力的；尽责的；效忠的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth.承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
(3)commitment n．承诺，保证；花费；投入，忠于
make a commitment做出承诺
find out what makes people commit crimes找出人们犯罪的原因
commit more money to the project把更多的钱投入该工程
commit myself to the task for at least the coming year至少明年要参与这项工作
a committed member of the team尽职的队员
make a commitment to help them答应帮他们
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He was a good man who was committed to his family as well as to his work.
②They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment(commit) to the job.
③I took the College Entrance Examination and committed myself to getting(get) into college.
[能力提升]——一句多译
从那以后，我决心减肥，恢复正常体形。
①From_then_on，I_committed_myself_to_losing_my_weight_and_getting_ into_ shape.(commit oneself to)
②From_then_on，I_was_committed_to_losing_my_weight_and_getting_into _shape.(be committed to)
③From_then_on，I_made_a_commitment_that_I_would_lose_weight_and_get_ into_shape.(commitment)
3．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励 vt.给以报酬，奖励
(1)reward sb.with...用……报答/回报某人
reward sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事奖赏某人
(2)in reward(for...)作为(对……的)报酬
as a reward for...作为对……的报酬
give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬
(3)rewarding adj.值得做的；报酬高的；有益的
reward him for his efforts因为努力工作而奖赏他
reward him with a magnificant view用一幅壮观的景色奖赏他
give him a bike in reward for his good behaviour给他一辆自行车作为对他优秀行为的奖励
as a reward for his help作为对他的帮助的报酬
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
②She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.
③Make the extra effort to impress the buyers and you will be_rewarded (reward) with a quicker sale at a better price.
④When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位战士因为勇敢而被奖励一枚金质勋章。
①In_reward_for_his_bravery，the soldier was given a gold medal.(in reward for)
②As_a_reward_for_his_bravery，the soldier was given a gold medal.(as a reward for)
③The soldier was_reward a gold medal for_his_bravery.
[易混辨析]
reward
n．报酬；奖金或一些非金钱的报酬
v.给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏
award
n．奖品；奖金
v.授予；颁发，常用结构：award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb.
After being awarded the first prize，he expressed that he would continue to reward the people and the society with his hard work.
4．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
(1)make/provide accommodations for为……提供食宿
(2)accommodate vt.供应，供给；使适应；向……提供；容纳
accommodate to sth.顺应/适应(新情况)
accommodate sb./oneself to sth.使某人/自己适应某事
accommodate sb.with sth.为某人提供某物
provide accommodations for 100 people为100人提供食宿
accommodate 600 guests容纳600位客人
accommodate to the new schedule适应新的时间表
accommodate us with the use of his house让我们使用他的房间
accommodate me/myself to the new life here使我适应这里的新生活
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.
②He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.
③It includes a round trip ticket，hotel accommodations (accommodate) and three meals each day.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I know how to adapt myself to new circumstances.
(高级表达) I know how to accommodate myself to new circumstances.
5．dip vt.&vi.浸，蘸；浏览
dip...into...把……浸入到……
dip...in...把……浸入……中
dip into把手伸进；浏览/翻阅(书、杂志等)
dip her handkerchief in the water将手帕在水里蘸了蘸
dip his hand into his pocket把手伸进口袋
have time to dip into the report有时间浏览这个报告
want to dip into our savings想动用存款
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She dipped a hand into the jar of sweets and pulled one out.
②Dip your fingers in to see how hot the water is.
③It's the kind of book you can dip into now and again.
④She dipped a hand into the jar of candies and pulled one out.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我今晚会浏览一下这本书。
①I'll dip_into_the_book this evening.(dip)
②I'll go_through the book this evening.(go)
6．disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的
(1)disgusted adj.厌恶的，憎恶的
be disgusted to find/hear/see...发现/听到/看到……很气愤
be disgusted at/by/with...讨厌/唾弃……，对……作呕
(2)disgust vi.令人厌恶，令人反感
vt.使作呕，使厌烦
n．[U]厌恶，嫌恶；愤慨
with disgust 反感地，厌恶地
in disgust 气愤地；厌恶地
(much) to one's disgust 令某人(非常)气愤的是
be disgusted to find the truth发现真相很生气
be disgusted by the way he treated those women他对待妇女的方式使……觉得很气愤
feel disgusted with himself for saying that他说了那件事，觉得无地自容
go out in disgust to avoid the everpresent journalists化装出门以避开无处不在的记者
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Sam threw his books down in disgust and stormed out of the room.
②I think everyone was disgusted to_hear(hear)what she said.
③Much to my disgust，I found that there were no toilets for the disabled.
[能力提升]——一句多译
令他气愤的是，他在房间里看到一只死老鼠。
①To_his_disgust，he saw a dead mouse in his room.(to)
②It_is_disgusting that he saw a dead mouse in his room.(it)
[名师点津] disgusting与disgusted都可用作形容词，但disgusting常用来修饰物；disgusted常用来修饰人。
7．cut up切碎；使伤心，难过
cut in插嘴，超车抢道
cut across/through抄近路穿过
cut away剪去，切除
cut down on 削减，缩小
cut off切断；割掉
cut sth.out(of...)(从……)剪下某物
cut down削减；砍倒；缩短某物；降低
cut up the meat on his plate把他盘子里的肉切碎
cut him up about them leaving他们这一走使他很伤心
cut him badly up in the fight在斗殴中被打得遍体鳞伤
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The flood cut the villagers off from the rest of the world.
②Could you cut my meat up for me please，Daddy?
③Tony，mind your manners！Don't cut in while others are talking.
④If we fail to sell enough goods，compared with last year，we will have to cut down production.
[能力提升]——完成句子
把胡萝卜放进锅里前要切碎。
①Cut_up_the_carrots before you put them into the pot.
旧金山最具代表性的就是那条贯穿于市中心的街道了。
②Nothing，was more San Francisco than the street that cut_through its heart.
8．lay out 布置，设计；铺开，展开；把……打昏；花钱
lay sb.off裁员，解雇某人
lay down放下；中断(工作)；制定(条例或原则)
lay sth.aside把……放在一边；储存
lay the map out on the table在桌子上展开地图
lay out a large sum for the wedding为这个婚礼花费了一大笔钱
lay his attacker out把袭击者打昏
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①My parents live a simple life in order to lay aside enough money for my higher education.
②True love is when you care enough about another person that you would lay down your life.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①有些人过去在国企任职，他们因下岗或无正式工作而进入民营企业。
Some are former state employees who entered the private sector because they_were_laid_off or underemployed.
②他总是没钱，因为他不会精打细算。
He is always hard up because he doesn't_lay_out_his_money_wisely.
③让我们搁置分歧，达成和解。
Let's lay_aside_our_differences and try to reach a compromise.(lay aside)
9．have a go (at) 试一试
have a go at (doing) sth.尝试(做)某事
have a go at sb.指责某人，数落某人
have sth.on the go正忙于(活动或计划)
at/in one go一下子，一举，一口气
be on the go十分活跃，非常忙碌
have a go at me for spending so much money指责我花钱太多
have a go at making the experiment尝试做实验
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Do you like to have many projects on the go at one time?
②Dick wanted to have a go at solving (solve) the problem.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①我怀疑他是否会听我劝，不过我想试试。
I doubt if he'll listen to advice from me，but I'll_have_a_go.
②大约有十个年轻人把他围起来，个个都等着试一下。
There were about 10 young people standing round him，all waiting to_have_a_go.
③老板因为杰克上班迟到而指责他。
The boss had_a_go_at Jack for his being late for work.
[名师点津] (1)go作为名词，表示“尝试”时是可数名词，常加不定冠词，有时也用复数，其复数形式是goes；当表示“活力”时，为不可数名词，如：full of go“精力充沛”。
(2)表示“尝试”意义的短语还有：
①want a go想试一试
②have another try再试一次
③try out试验，尝试
④try doing sth.尝试做某事
⑤try to do sth.试图做某事
⑥have a try试一试
10．(教材P41)Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。
(1)hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
(2)相同用法的句型还有：no sooner...than...和scarcely...when...。
[金句推送] (2018·北京卷·写作佳句) No sooner had they arrived at the tea house than the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
这些外国学生刚到达茶馆就被独特的茶壶和茶杯所吸引。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.
②I had hardly finished(finish) my homework when my mother came in.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他刚结束演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
①He__had_no_sooner_finished_his_speech__than_the_students_started_cheering.(no sooner...than)
②No_sooner_had_he_finished_his_speech_than__the_students_started_cheering.(no sooner引起的倒装)
③Hardly_had_he_finished_his_speech_when__the_students_started_cheering.(hardly引起的倒装)
多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded(reward) with a magnificent view.
2．I think it's disgusting(disgust) that they're closing the local hospital.
3．He is absorbed in the calculation (calculate) of that difficult maths problem.
4．The architect has committed herself to finishing (finish) the design within a month.
5．There's nothing more rewarding (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
6．I needed to accommodate myself (I)to the new schedule.
7．The project is on such a gigantic(庞大的)scale that the cost is hard to_calculate (calculate)．
8．They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment (commit) to the job.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．He dipped the brush into the thick white paint and began to paint the wall.
2．I need to accommodate to the new schedule.
3．Someone has upset the photographs I laid out so carefully，which makes me quite angry.
4．I don't like that new dictionary；in addition，it's too expensive.
5．The woman cut up the orange and shared it out among the four children.
6．Listening comes first. Don't worry，have a go at it.
7．As a reward for passing the exams，she got a new bike from her parents.
8．The man rewarded the boy with $ 10 for bringing back the lost dog.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．He failed to gain admission (admit) to the university he had chosen.
2．He spent four years getting a degree，only to_find (find) there were no jobs for graduates.
3．The moon appeared in the sky，bathing (bathe) the ground in silvery light.
4．Her moods were very changeable(change)，now laughing loudly，and now sunk in despair.
5．Above，I could see only a strip of starry (star) sky，so close were the walls of the canyon.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①由于他们承诺提供30天的食宿，去年暑假我去了这家展览馆做兼职。
Because they were_committed_to_making__a_30_days'_accommodations for me，I was_off_to_the_gallery to do a part-time job in it during last summer vacation.
②里面有很多抽象派油画在展出，这些作品单个价值大多在数百万美元以上，时间跨度从13世纪到20世纪。这使得展览馆闻名全国。
Many abstract oil paintings，ranged_from the 13th century to the 20th century，were exhibited，and some of them are worthy upwards of millions of dollars each，making the gallery famous nationwide.
③由于免费入场，许多参观者一下车就进入展览厅。
Because of the free admission，many visitors had_hardly_got_off_the_bus_when they entered the exhibition hall.
④据估计每天有1 000人欣赏那些漂亮的油画。
It_was_calculated_that each day there were 1,000 people coming here to admire the beautiful oil paintings.
⑤为了确保有一个良好的展览环境，他们也会用一些小的纪念品奖励那些行为良好的参观者。
To ensure a good environment for visitors，they would reward some of them with some souvenirs for their good behavior and manners.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用分词作状语和“of which”引导的非限制性定语从句升级1中句②
Many_abstract_oil_paintings，ranging_from_the_13th_century_to_the_20th _century，were_exhibited，some_of_which_are_worth_upwards_of_millions_of_ dollars_each，making_the_gallery_famous_nationwide.
(2)利用“hardly引起的倒装句”升级1中句③
Because_of_the_free_admission，hardly_had_many_visitors_got_off_the_ bus_when_they_entered_the_exhibition_hall.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to my surprise)
Because they were committed to making a 30 day's accommodations for me，I was off to the gallery to do a part time job in it during last summer vacation.
To my surprise many abstract oil paintings，ranging from the 13th century to the 20th century，were exhibited，some of which are worth upwards of millions of dollars each，making the gallery famous nationwide.Because of the free admission，hardly had many visitors got off the bus when they entered the exhibition hall.It was calculated that each day there were 1,000 people coming here to admire the beautiful oil paintings.
To ensure a good environment for visitors，they would reward some of them with some souvenirs for their good behavior and manners.
三言
两语
1.Be sure to wear a smile on your face when you speak，which will make you relaxed.
2．The money collected in the charity sale will be sent to those in great need.
3．After his graduation，this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China，making him famous nationwide.
1.我刚坐下来吃晚饭，电话就响了。
Hardly had we sat down to supper when the phone rang.
2．Had_you_come with us，I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.
如果你和我们一起来的话，我保证你也会喜欢欧洲的。
[单词 拼写应用]
核心单词
1．scenery n．风景，景色，风光
2．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励 vt.奖励，给以报酬
3．dip vt.&vi.浸，蘸
4．calculate vt.&vi.计算；推测
5．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
6．abstract adj.抽象的 n．摘要，概要
7．commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
8．output n．产量，输出量；输出
9．shadow n．影子，阴影；阴暗处
10．cloth n．布料，织物；(一块)布
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．This is the identical knife with which the murder was committed(commit)．
2．After the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide accommodations(accommodate) for the homeless families.
3．Benefit is_calculated(calculate) on the basis of average weekly earnings.
4．After saying this，he dipped(dip) his finger into the jar and put it into his mouth.
5．When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)．
6．The children are having fun，chasing each other's shadows(shadow).
拓展单词
1．architect n．建筑师；设计师→architecture n．建筑；建筑学
2．star n．星星→starry adj.布满星星的；像星星的，明亮的
3．agent n．代理人，经纪人→agency n．代理机构
4．change vt.改变 n．变化→changeable adj.多变的，易变的
5．admit vt.承认，准许进入，允许加入→admission n．(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费
6．scholar n．学者；奖学金获得者→scholarship n．奖学金
7．disgust vt.使厌恶→disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的→disgusted adj.厌恶的
[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It is obvious that we can't change the changeable weather.We have to adjust to it.(change)
2．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit)
3．What the factory did disgusted people living here.The smell it let off was disgusting and I was disgusted at it.(disgust)
4．The building was designed by a famous architect.Its style of architecture belongs to Europe.(architect)
5．To help the students go on further study，the scholar in that university decided to design a scholarship.(scholar)
6．I was busy，so I had to ask an agency to help me sell my old house.The agent there priced the house at the right level for the market and soon the house was sold.(agent)
阅读单词
1．gallery n．画廊，陈列室，展览馆
2．birthplace n．出生地；发源地
3．consensus n．共识，一致的意见
4．dormitory n．集体宿舍
5．wrinkle vt.&vi.(使)起皱纹 n．皱纹，皱褶，皱痕
6．acute adj.锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的，灵敏的
7．being n．身心；存在；生物
8．ankle n．踝，踝关节
9．chef n．厨师，(尤指)主厨，厨师长
10．aluminium n．铝
11．spray vt.喷，喷洒，向……喷洒 n．喷剂；喷雾；浪花
12．souvenir n．纪念物，纪念品
1．(2019·浙江卷)Beatlemania hit New York on February 7,1964.狂热地席卷
2．(2019·浙江卷)Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them.出现在，聚集在
[短语 多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.lay_out 布置，设计；铺开，展开
2．cut_sth.out(of_sth.) 剪出，剪下
3．in_addition 而且；另外
4．make_a_reservation 预定
5．so_far 到目前为止
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
When we ①laid_out the car parks，we reckoned on one car per family.②In_addition，the price was taken into account. If you want a bigger car park for two cars，you need to ③make_a_reservation in advance.
6.cut_up 切碎
7．act_as 担任，充当
8．put_on 上演；穿上
9．build_up 增强；积累，增多
10．come_on_the_market 上市，投入市场
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Before dress rehearsals，the teacher ④cut_up a watermelon and shared it out among his students，who would ⑤act_as characters in the play to be ⑥put_on next week.
11.find_out 找到，发现；查明，弄清
12．have_a_go(at) 试一试
13．be_made_out_of 由……制成，用……制成
14．upwards_of 在……以上，大于，超过
15．be_off_to 动身去……
[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空
No matter how difficult it is，he is determined to ⑦have_a_go_at the experiment to ⑧find_out whether the toy ⑨made_out_of plastic is nontoxic (无毒的).
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.hardly...when...意为“一……就……；刚……就……”
Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
他刚坐在桌旁，就开始向我们展示捏面人的基本技巧。
Hardly_had he sat down at a table when he began to show us the basic skills of making dough figurines.
2.虚拟条件句的倒装
Had you come with us，I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.
他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。
Had_he_seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.
1．calculate vt.&vi.计算；推测
(1)calculate that/whclause计算……；预测……
calculate on/upon依靠，依赖；期待，指望
be calculated to do sth.故意做/打算做/可能做某事
It is calculated that...据估算……
(2)calculation n．计算
calculate that the proposal would cost ￡40 million a year预计这项提案每年要花费4 000万英镑
calculate how much tax you have to pay算出你应交纳的税款
calculation on some questions with the application预料这一申请会有一些问题
be calculated to discuss the problem打算讨论这个问题
It has been calculated that...据估算……
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We can't calculate on/upon all the world to approve of our point of view.
②This advertisement is calculated to_attract(attract) the attention of housewives.
③Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct calculation(calculate)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
据估算，去年至少有5万个工作岗位消失。
①It_is_estimated_that__at_least_50,000_jobs_were_lost_last_year.(it is)
②It_has_been_calculated_that__at_least_50,000_jobs_were_lost_last_year.(it has been)
2．commit vt.&vi.全心全意投入；犯罪；犯错；承诺，保证
(1)commit an error/a crime/suicide 做错事/犯罪/自杀
commit...to...向……投入……
commit oneself to (doing) sth.专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事
(2)committed adj.尽心尽力的；尽责的；效忠的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth.承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
(3)commitment n．承诺，保证；花费；投入，忠于
make a commitment做出承诺
find out what makes people commit crimes找出人们犯罪的原因
commit more money to the project把更多的钱投入该工程
commit myself to the task for at least the coming year至少明年要参与这项工作
a committed member of the team尽职的队员
make a commitment to help them答应帮他们
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He was a good man who was committed to his family as well as to his work.
②They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment(commit) to the job.
③I took the College Entrance Examination and committed myself to getting(get) into college.
[能力提升]——一句多译
从那以后，我决心减肥，恢复正常体形。
①From_then_on，I_committed_myself_to_losing_my_weight_and_getting_ into_ shape.(commit oneself to)
②From_then_on，I_was_committed_to_losing_my_weight_and_getting_into _shape.(be committed to)
③From_then_on，I_made_a_commitment_that_I_would_lose_weight_and_get_ into_shape.(commitment)
3．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励 vt.给以报酬，奖励
(1)reward sb.with...用……报答/回报某人
reward sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事奖赏某人
(2)in reward(for...)作为(对……的)报酬
as a reward for...作为对……的报酬
give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.为某事而给某人报酬
(3)rewarding adj.值得做的；报酬高的；有益的
reward him for his efforts因为努力工作而奖赏他
reward him with a magnificant view用一幅壮观的景色奖赏他
give him a bike in reward for his good behaviour给他一辆自行车作为对他优秀行为的奖励
as a reward for his help作为对他的帮助的报酬
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.
②She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.
③Make the extra effort to impress the buyers and you will be_rewarded (reward) with a quicker sale at a better price.
④When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
这位战士因为勇敢而被奖励一枚金质勋章。
①In_reward_for_his_bravery，the soldier was given a gold medal.(in reward for)
②As_a_reward_for_his_bravery，the soldier was given a gold medal.(as a reward for)
③The soldier was_reward a gold medal for_his_bravery.
[易混辨析]
reward
n．报酬；奖金或一些非金钱的报酬
v.给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏
award
n．奖品；奖金
v.授予；颁发，常用结构：award sb.sth.＝award sth.to sb.
After being awarded the first prize，he expressed that he would continue to reward the people and the society with his hard work.
4．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
(1)make/provide accommodations for为……提供食宿
(2)accommodate vt.供应，供给；使适应；向……提供；容纳
accommodate to sth.顺应/适应(新情况)
accommodate sb./oneself to sth.使某人/自己适应某事
accommodate sb.with sth.为某人提供某物
provide accommodations for 100 people为100人提供食宿
accommodate 600 guests容纳600位客人
accommodate to the new schedule适应新的时间表
accommodate us with the use of his house让我们使用他的房间
accommodate me/myself to the new life here使我适应这里的新生活
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.
②He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.
③It includes a round trip ticket，hotel accommodations (accommodate) and three meals each day.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
(普通表达)I know how to adapt myself to new circumstances.
(高级表达) I know how to accommodate myself to new circumstances.
5．dip vt.&vi.浸，蘸；浏览
dip...into...把……浸入到……
dip...in...把……浸入……中
dip into把手伸进；浏览/翻阅(书、杂志等)
dip her handkerchief in the water将手帕在水里蘸了蘸
dip his hand into his pocket把手伸进口袋
have time to dip into the report有时间浏览这个报告
want to dip into our savings想动用存款
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①She dipped a hand into the jar of sweets and pulled one out.
②Dip your fingers in to see how hot the water is.
③It's the kind of book you can dip into now and again.
④She dipped a hand into the jar of candies and pulled one out.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我今晚会浏览一下这本书。
①I'll dip_into_the_book this evening.(dip)
②I'll go_through the book this evening.(go)
6．disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的
(1)disgusted adj.厌恶的，憎恶的
be disgusted to find/hear/see...发现/听到/看到……很气愤
be disgusted at/by/with...讨厌/唾弃……，对……作呕
(2)disgust vi.令人厌恶，令人反感
vt.使作呕，使厌烦
n．[U]厌恶，嫌恶；愤慨
with disgust 反感地，厌恶地
in disgust 气愤地；厌恶地
(much) to one's disgust 令某人(非常)气愤的是
be disgusted to find the truth发现真相很生气
be disgusted by the way he treated those women他对待妇女的方式使……觉得很气愤
feel disgusted with himself for saying that他说了那件事，觉得无地自容
go out in disgust to avoid the everpresent journalists化装出门以避开无处不在的记者
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Sam threw his books down in disgust and stormed out of the room.
②I think everyone was disgusted to_hear(hear)what she said.
③Much to my disgust，I found that there were no toilets for the disabled.
[能力提升]——一句多译
令他气愤的是，他在房间里看到一只死老鼠。
①To_his_disgust，he saw a dead mouse in his room.(to)
②It_is_disgusting that he saw a dead mouse in his room.(it)
[名师点津] disgusting与disgusted都可用作形容词，但disgusting常用来修饰物；disgusted常用来修饰人。
7．cut up切碎；使伤心，难过
cut in插嘴，超车抢道
cut across/through抄近路穿过
cut away剪去，切除
cut down on 削减，缩小
cut off切断；割掉
cut sth.out(of...)(从……)剪下某物
cut down削减；砍倒；缩短某物；降低
cut up the meat on his plate把他盘子里的肉切碎
cut him up about them leaving他们这一走使他很伤心
cut him badly up in the fight在斗殴中被打得遍体鳞伤
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The flood cut the villagers off from the rest of the world.
②Could you cut my meat up for me please，Daddy?
③Tony，mind your manners！Don't cut in while others are talking.
④If we fail to sell enough goods，compared with last year，we will have to cut down production.
[能力提升]——完成句子
把胡萝卜放进锅里前要切碎。
①Cut_up_the_carrots before you put them into the pot.
旧金山最具代表性的就是那条贯穿于市中心的街道了。
②Nothing，was more San Francisco than the street that cut_through its heart.
8．lay out 布置，设计；铺开，展开；把……打昏；花钱
lay sb.off裁员，解雇某人
lay down放下；中断(工作)；制定(条例或原则)
lay sth.aside把……放在一边；储存
lay the map out on the table在桌子上展开地图
lay out a large sum for the wedding为这个婚礼花费了一大笔钱
lay his attacker out把袭击者打昏
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①My parents live a simple life in order to lay aside enough money for my higher education.
②True love is when you care enough about another person that you would lay down your life.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①有些人过去在国企任职，他们因下岗或无正式工作而进入民营企业。
Some are former state employees who entered the private sector because they_were_laid_off or underemployed.
②他总是没钱，因为他不会精打细算。
He is always hard up because he doesn't_lay_out_his_money_wisely.
③让我们搁置分歧，达成和解。
Let's lay_aside_our_differences and try to reach a compromise.(lay aside)
9．have a go (at) 试一试
have a go at (doing) sth.尝试(做)某事
have a go at sb.指责某人，数落某人
have sth.on the go正忙于(活动或计划)
at/in one go一下子，一举，一口气
be on the go十分活跃，非常忙碌
have a go at me for spending so much money指责我花钱太多
have a go at making the experiment尝试做实验
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Do you like to have many projects on the go at one time?
②Dick wanted to have a go at solving (solve) the problem.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①我怀疑他是否会听我劝，不过我想试试。
I doubt if he'll listen to advice from me，but I'll_have_a_go.
②大约有十个年轻人把他围起来，个个都等着试一下。
There were about 10 young people standing round him，all waiting to_have_a_go.
③老板因为杰克上班迟到而指责他。
The boss had_a_go_at Jack for his being late for work.
[名师点津] (1)go作为名词，表示“尝试”时是可数名词，常加不定冠词，有时也用复数，其复数形式是goes；当表示“活力”时，为不可数名词，如：full of go“精力充沛”。
(2)表示“尝试”意义的短语还有：
①want a go想试一试
②have another try再试一次
③try out试验，尝试
④try doing sth.尝试做某事
⑤try to do sth.试图做某事
⑥have a try试一试
10．(教材P41)Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。
(1)hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，when引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
(2)相同用法的句型还有：no sooner...than...和scarcely...when...。
[金句推送] (2018·北京卷·写作佳句) No sooner had they arrived at the tea house than the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
这些外国学生刚到达茶馆就被独特的茶壶和茶杯所吸引。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.
②I had hardly finished(finish) my homework when my mother came in.
[能力提升]——一句多译
他刚结束演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
①He__had_no_sooner_finished_his_speech__than_the_students_started_cheering.(no sooner...than)
②No_sooner_had_he_finished_his_speech_than__the_students_started_cheering.(no sooner引起的倒装)
③Hardly_had_he_finished_his_speech_when__the_students_started_cheering.(hardly引起的倒装)
多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded(reward) with a magnificent view.
2．I think it's disgusting(disgust) that they're closing the local hospital.
3．He is absorbed in the calculation (calculate) of that difficult maths problem.
4．The architect has committed herself to finishing (finish) the design within a month.
5．There's nothing more rewarding (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
6．I needed to accommodate myself (I)to the new schedule.
7．The project is on such a gigantic(庞大的)scale that the cost is hard to_calculate (calculate)．
8．They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment (commit) to the job.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．He dipped the brush into the thick white paint and began to paint the wall.
2．I need to accommodate to the new schedule.
3．Someone has upset the photographs I laid out so carefully，which makes me quite angry.
4．I don't like that new dictionary；in addition，it's too expensive.
5．The woman cut up the orange and shared it out among the four children.
6．Listening comes first. Don't worry，have a go at it.
7．As a reward for passing the exams，she got a new bike from her parents.
8．The man rewarded the boy with $ 10 for bringing back the lost dog.
维度3——查缺补漏
1．He failed to gain admission (admit) to the university he had chosen.
2．He spent four years getting a degree，only to_find (find) there were no jobs for graduates.
3．The moon appeared in the sky，bathing (bathe) the ground in silvery light.
4．Her moods were very changeable(change)，now laughing loudly，and now sunk in despair.
5．Above，I could see only a strip of starry (star) sky，so close were the walls of the canyon.
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①由于他们承诺提供30天的食宿，去年暑假我去了这家展览馆做兼职。
Because they were_committed_to_making__a_30_days'_accommodations for me，I was_off_to_the_gallery to do a part-time job in it during last summer vacation.
②里面有很多抽象派油画在展出，这些作品单个价值大多在数百万美元以上，时间跨度从13世纪到20世纪。这使得展览馆闻名全国。
Many abstract oil paintings，ranged_from the 13th century to the 20th century，were exhibited，and some of them are worthy upwards of millions of dollars each，making the gallery famous nationwide.
③由于免费入场，许多参观者一下车就进入展览厅。
Because of the free admission，many visitors had_hardly_got_off_the_bus_when they entered the exhibition hall.
④据估计每天有1 000人欣赏那些漂亮的油画。
It_was_calculated_that each day there were 1,000 people coming here to admire the beautiful oil paintings.
⑤为了确保有一个良好的展览环境，他们也会用一些小的纪念品奖励那些行为良好的参观者。
To ensure a good environment for visitors，they would reward some of them with some souvenirs for their good behavior and manners.
2．升级平淡句
(1)利用分词作状语和“of which”引导的非限制性定语从句升级1中句②
Many_abstract_oil_paintings，ranging_from_the_13th_century_to_the_20th _century，were_exhibited，some_of_which_are_worth_upwards_of_millions_of_ dollars_each，making_the_gallery_famous_nationwide.
(2)利用“hardly引起的倒装句”升级1中句③
Because_of_the_free_admission，hardly_had_many_visitors_got_off_the_ bus_when_they_entered_the_exhibition_hall.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：to my surprise)
Because they were committed to making a 30 day's accommodations for me，I was off to the gallery to do a part time job in it during last summer vacation.
To my surprise many abstract oil paintings，ranging from the 13th century to the 20th century，were exhibited，some of which are worth upwards of millions of dollars each，making the gallery famous nationwide.Because of the free admission，hardly had many visitors got off the bus when they entered the exhibition hall.It was calculated that each day there were 1,000 people coming here to admire the beautiful oil paintings.
To ensure a good environment for visitors，they would reward some of them with some souvenirs for their good behavior and manners.
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