中考英语真题分类汇编 4. 综合型阅读

这是一份中考英语真题分类汇编 4. 综合型阅读，共28页。

[3] In Eurpe r the USA, business is seldm discussed int the evening. Hwever, it is imprtant t be n time fr a meeting. If yu are (74)①________, yur hsts may think yu d nt care. In fact, it is better t arrive at least ten minutes befre the meeting starts. This way, yu can shw hw keen (强烈的) yu are t d business with them. (75)Yu will als have time t talk with yur hsts befre yu sit dwn t discuss business.
[4] Hwever, in many cuntries meetings may nt start n time. There are many (74)②________ fr this, such as transprt difficulties, unusual weather and the breakdwn f cars. Smetimes the time f day is als imprtant. In Suth America and many cuntries in suthern Eurpe, peple have a shrt sleep after lunch. Therefre, if yu try t arrange (安排) a meeting fr the early afternn, yu may find that nt many peple will (74)③________, r that yur hsts will be unhappy.
71. Accrding t Paragraph 2, why did the Germans plitely refused the Krean’s invitatin t g
ut fr dinner and drinks? (N mre than 15 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
72. What’s the traditin f business talks in Suth Krea? (N mre than 10 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
73. Where is it cmmn fr peple t have a shrt sleep after lunch accrding t Paragraph 4? (N mre than 10 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
74. Fill in each blank in the passage with a prper wrd.
①________ ②________ ③________
75. Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph int Chinese.
________________________________________________________________
76. Accrding t the passage, what shuld we pay attentin t if we want t d business in
different cuntries? Why? (N mre than 25 wrds)
________________________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是通过几个事例论证说明：在当今世界，最成功的公司是懂得建立人脉关系的重要性的公司。在不同的国家做生意并不简单，了解当地的风俗习惯和传统是很重要的。
【答案及解析】
71. Because they were tired and wanted t return t their htel and get sme rest./Because they were tired./ Because they wanted t return t their htel and get sme rest./Because they wanted t get sme rest. 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“By the evening, the Germans were s tired that they plitely turned dwn the Krean’s invitatin t g ut fr dinner and drinks, since they wanted t return t their htel and get sme rest.”可知，原因是德国人累了想回宾馆休息。
72. The business talks ften cntinue int the evening. 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“The Germans did nt understand that in Suth Krea business talks ften cntinue int the evening.”可知，在韩国商务会谈会持续到晚上。
73. In Suth America and many cuntries in suthern Eurpe. 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“In Suth America and many cuntries in suthern Eurpe, peple have a shrt sleep after lunch.”可知，在南美和南欧的许多国家，人们通常会在午饭后小睡一会儿。
74. ① late/absent 此处谈论守时的重要性，后面是不守时会出现的后果，不守时即迟到或不到。故填late/absent。
② reasns/causes/excuses 上文提到在很多国家会议不会按时开始，后面列举了交通障碍、
天气异常、汽车故障，这些都是会议不按时开始的原因/起因/理由。故填reasns/
causes/excuses。
③ attend/arrive/cme/g/appear/agree 前面提到在南美和南欧的许多国家，人们通常会在午饭后小睡一会儿，如果下午很早安排会议的话，很多人不愿意参加的。
75. 而且在坐下来谈论实务之前你将有时间和主人/东道主谈话。
76. We shuld pay attentin t the lcal custms and traditins. Because they may help us make gd cntacts in different cuntries./Because it can help yu impress yur hsts./Because it is the best way t impress yur hsts./Because it can help yu get n well with yur hsts./Because it is helpful fr yur business and cntacts in different cuntries./Because it can help yu understand each ther better between yu and yur hsts./Because it can help yu and yur hsts have a better understanding./Because it can help yu gain gd cntacts fr business.
(Any reasnable answer is acceptable.)
A（2019·山东青岛）
阅读下面短文，完成 51 至 56 题。（共 10 分）
There are sme things that are almst impssible t say t ur clse friends — especially if we want (A) them t be ur friends fr life. Are yu wndering what prblems thers have?
“I can’t stand yur ther friends.”
My best friend, Kate, smetimes hangs ut with sme peple that I really dn’t like. I think they have a bad influence n her, and she nly spends time with them because they are “cl”. Culd yu tell me if I shuld bring the matter up with her, r if it wuld be better fr me t keep quiet? I dn’t want t lse her as a friend.
— Linda
“I wn’t help yu cheat.”
(B) My clsest friend, Kim, has lst interest in schl and studying. He says he’s bred with the whle thing, s he ften asks me whether I’ll let him cpy my hmewrk. By nw I’ve said n, but he keeps asking me. I tld him, “I think we’ll get in truble.” but he just laughed and tld me nt t wrry. I dn’t want t put my grades at risk, but I’m afraid t face my friend abut this, s I just keep aviding the tpic. Hw can I get him t stp asking? I was wndering if yu culd give me sme suggestins fr dealing with my prblem.
— Mike
“N, I CAN’T d that fr yu!”
Anna is my best friend. We get alng with each ther well, but she is asking me t d things fr her all the time. “Culd yu help me pick ut sme new clthes? Wuld yu mind if I brrwed yur bike? Can yu lk after my apartment while I’m away?” And these are just a few examples. I’ve said yes s many times that nw I’m afraid I’ll hurt her feelings if I say n. Any ideas? — Amy
51. 从文中找出(A)处划线单词 them 所指代的内容。（1 分）
52. 从文中找出与 “I was thinking whether yu culd help me ut with yur suggestins.” 意思相 同或相近的句子。（1分）
53. 将文中(B)处划线句子 My clsest friend, Kim, has lst interest in schl and studying. 翻
译成汉语。（2 分）
54. 根据上下文，补全句子。（2 分）
Kate nly spends time with sme peple that Linda really desn’t like because
55. 回答问题。What des Kim ften want t d?（2 分）
56. 完成任务。Please give Amy ONE idea.（2 分）
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文中主要谈论了在生活中与朋友们相处时常会遇到一些另人非常尴尬的情况，你会不能忍受你好朋友的一些其他的朋友的表现；你的好朋友也会向你提出一些无理的要求甚至让你帮助他做错误的事情。当你遇到这些情况时，你会怎么做呢？
【答案】51. ur clse friends 52. I was wndering if yu culd give me sme suggestins fr dealing with my prblem. 53. 我最亲密的朋友金对学校和学习丧失了兴趣。54. they are “cl” 55. She ften wants t cpy Mike’s hmewrk. 56. Yu can ask Anna t d smething t help yu./Yu can have a gd talk with her.
51. ur clse friends 理解本句意“特别是我们想让他们成为我们的终生朋友时”，可推测them是指上文中提到的“clse friend”。
52. I was wndering if yu culd give me sme suggestins fr dealing with my prblem.题干所给句子意为：我在考虑你是否能用你的建议来帮我帮我走出困境。与第三段中最后句话“I was wndering if yu culd give me sme suggestins fr dealing with my prblem.”意相近。
53. 我最亲密的朋友金对学校和学习丧失了兴趣。 lse interest in 是固定短语搭配意为“对……失去兴趣”，可知句子意思。
54. they are “cl” 由第二段中“I think they have a bad influence n her, and she nly spends time with them because they are “cl”.”一句，可知凯特与这些朋友待在一起的原因是“他们很酷”，可知答案。
55. She ften wants t cpy Mike’s hmewrk. 读Mike的讲述中“…s he ften asks me whether I’ll let him cpy my hmewrk.”一句，可知金常想抄袭迈克的作业。
56. Yu can ask Anna t d smething t help yu./Yu can have a gd talk with her.
（只要答案合情合理就可。）
B（2019·山东青岛中考）
阅读下面短文，完成 57 至 60 题。（共 10 分）
Drnes are like airplanes, nly withut a pilt. N ne withut a pilt’s license shuld be allwed t have ne.
Smething bad r unexpected can happen when peple send up a self-cntrlled flying machine like a drne withut knwing hw t really cntrl it. Drnes can becme flyaways, and can be caught up n a jet stream (喷气流) and blwn away. A falling drne can d much damage (损害) t buildings and peple.
Thugh drnes can be harmful, they can be very helpful.
At a sprts event, drnes can be used t give the spectatrs (观众) a view frm abve r help caches see hw their players are ding.
They are als becming a useful tl fr firefighters, helping them find and fight wildfires. Drnes can watch secretly n ppulatins f animals in the wild, especially endangered nes.
In sme faraway places in the wrld, drnes are the fastest way t send medicine t peple wh are in great need f it.
Sme peple think drnes can nly be used by gvernments t help when needed. Others think that if rules are beyed, there shuld be little risk t peple and prperty (财产).
Drne makers say drnes are exciting new technlgy and that the future will be cntrlled by them.
57. 用英语列举drnes的两种用途。（4分）
①
② _____________________________________________
58. 回答问题。Wh shuld be allwed t have a drne?（2分）
59. 回答问题。In sme peple’s pinins, can the drnes nly be used by gvernments at any time? Why?（2分）
60. 根据短文内容完成句子。（2分）
Paragraph (段落) Tw is mainly abut _______________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了无人机在现在社会中的现状。要想操控无人机必需要取得飞行员执照才行。如果不当地操控无人机可能会对人或地面建筑物造成很大的伤害；同时无人机在现在社会中其用途也变得越来越广泛，给人们的生活带来了很多方便。
【答案】57. ①Giving the spectatrs (观众) a view frm abve at a sprt event. / Helping caches see hw their players are ding at a sprt event.
②Helping firefighters find and fight wildfires./Helping watch secretly n ppulatins f animals in the wild.
58. A persn wh has a pilt’s license.
59. N, they can’t. Because drnes can nly be used by gvernments t help when needed.
60. that drnes can be harmful
（2019·山东济宁）七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的题目。
Tm wrks in a big cmpany and he is ften very busy. One day, when he came ut f the ffice, it was late in the evening. There was n bus at that mment, s he had t walk hme. The street was very dark ans he culd hardly see anything. S he had t walk alng slwly and carefully.
Just at that time, Tm fund a man with a lantern cming in the distance. “If I g with that persn, I will be able t see well,” he thugh.
When the man with a lantern gt nearer, Tm fund he was cming with a cane (手杖) in his hand. Tm thught this was strange and asked, “Why are yu walking s slwly with a cane even when y have a lantern?”
The man said, “Yu knw, I’m blind. That is why I use this cane t walk.” Tm laughed, “Ha, ha, ha. Yu’re blind? Then why d yu carry a lantern? Yu dn’t need a lantern if yu can’t see.”
The man with the lantern answered, “Yes, I can’t see. And this lantern cannt help me, but it can help thers in the dark, I knw better than anyne else hw it feels when yu cannt see.”
Tm didn’t say anything fr a lng time. Then he said srry t the man.
1. When did Tm cme ut f the ffice that day? (回答问题，不超过15个词)
2. What did the man carry the lantern fr? (回答问题，不超过12个词)
3. Why did Tm say srry t the man? (回答问题，不超过9个词)
4. 把画线的句子翻译成汉语。
5. 给文章拟一个合适的英文标题。
【主旨大意】汤姆在一家大公司工作，经常很忙。一天,当他走出办公室时已经很晚了。那是已经没有公共汽车，他不得不步行回家。路上很黑，他几乎什么也看不见。因此,他不得不缓慢而小心地走下去。就在这时，他遇见了一个提着灯笼的人。这个人是个盲人，汤姆还嘲笑了他。那位盲人说“灯笼不能帮助我,但它可以帮助黑暗中的其他人,我比任何人都更清楚,当你看不见时的感觉”。听到那个人的话之后，汤姆很久没说什么了。然后,他向那个人道歉。
答案：1. It was late in the evening and there was n bus at that mment.
2. He carried the lantern fr helping thers in the dark.
3. Because he laughed at him and didn’t respect him.
4. 我比其他人更了解看不见时的感受。
5. A Blind Man with a Lantern
（2019山东潍坊）四、阅读表达 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求答题。
The sun was falling behind the hills. Andrea was driving back hme t Brckbune. Then she saw an ld lady, standing by the rad, with a sign saying “Brckbune” in her hand,
Andrea stpped the car. When the ld lady gt in, Andrea culd see that she was nt that little. She was in a lng dress and had a hat pulled dwn lw ver her eyes. She put her big brwn shpping bag dwn nt the flr.
“D yu live in Brckbune?” asked Andrea. “N, dear,” answered the ld lady in a lw vice, “I’m just ging t visit a friend, but my car wn’t start, s I decided t hitchhike.”
Smething in the way the lady spke made Andrea uneasy. Andrea secretly studied the half-cvered face, the shapeless bdy, the arms with their thick black hairs... Thick black hairs? Andrea’s bld frze. This wasn’t a wman. It was a man!
Her heart was beating wildly and her mind raced. Then suddenly, an idea came up t her. She stpped the car in a sudden. “My Gd!” she shuted, “A child! Did yu see the child? I think I hit her!” “I didn’t see anything,” the “ld lady” said, “I dn’t think yu hit anything,” “I’m sure it was a child!” shuted Andrea. “Culd yu just get ut and have a lk?” The “ld lady” slwly pened the car dr, leaving her bag inside. As sn as “she” was ut f the car, Andrea drve away as sn as pssible.
Several minutes later, Andrea thught abut the “ld lady’s” bag and pened it carefully. There was nly ne thing in it-- a shining knife.
41. What’s the Chinese meaning f “hitchike” in the text? (请写出hitchhike 的汉语意思)
__________________________________________
42. Please list tw details that make Andrea dubt abut the “ld lady”. (请列举出让Andrea
对“老太太”起疑的两个细节)
(1)________________________________________
(2)________________________________________
43. Hw did Andrea get the “ld lady” ut f her car successfully? (less than 25 wrds) (请根据短文内容回答问题，25词以内)
_____________________________________________.
44. Please translate the underlined sentence int Chinese. (请将文中划线句子翻译成汉语，人名直接用Andrea)
_____________________________________________.
45. Accrding t the stry, Andrea was_________and_________. (请用两个形容词来评价Andrea, 每空一词)
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述的是作者在天黑独自驾车回家途中误让歹徒搭便车，然后机智脱险的故事。
41.搭便车。【解析】上文“我要去看望朋友，但我的车发动不了”提示下文画线单词意为“搭便车”。
42.(1) half-cvered face (2) the arms with their thick black hairs 【解析】第四段第二句话提示引起作者怀疑的三个方面。
43.She tld a lie that she hit a child and asked the “ld lady” t get ff and have a lk. 【解析】用自己的话来叙述，注意不要超字数要求。
44.“她”一下车，Andrew就迅速地驾车离开。【解析】as sn as引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”；as sn as pssible表示“尽快地”。
45.careful; wise 【解析】通读短文可知作者很细心，察觉了异常；之后作者机智脱险，说明作者很有智慧。
(2019山东枣庄) 读下面有关一个学生问题的文章，在每个题目下面做简短的笔记。
Dear Mr. Hunt,
My prblem is that I can’t get n with my family. Relatins between my parents have becme difficult. They fight a lt, and I really dn’t like it. It’s the nly cmmunicatin they have. I dn’t knw if I shuld say anything t them abut this. When they argue, it’s like a big, black clud hanging ver ur hme. Als, my elder brther is nt very nice t me. He always refuses t let me watch my favrite TV shw. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I dn’t think this is fair. At hme I always feel lnely and nervus. Is that nrmal? What can I d?
Sad and Thirteen
Dear Sad and Thirteen,
It’s nt easy being yur age, and it’s nrmal t have these feelings. Why dn’t yu talk abut these feelings with yur family? If yur parents are having prblems, yu shuld ffer t help. Maybe yu culd d mre jbs arund the huse s that they have mre time fr prper cmmunicatin. Secndly, why dn’t yu sit dwn and cmmunicate with yur brther? Yu shuld explain that yu dn’t mind him watching TV all the time. Hwever, he shuld let yu watch yur favrite shw. I hpe things will be better fr yu sn.
Mr. Hunt
31. = 1 \* GB3 ①The writer’s main prblem:
= 2 \* GB3 ②The writer’s prblem abut his/her parents:
32. = 1 \* GB3 ①The writer’s prblem abut his/her brther:
= 2 \* GB3 ②The writer’s prblem abut himself/herself:
33. The advice that Mr. Hunt gives abut his/her prblem with his/her brther:
34. Please find the sentence in the passage that has the same meaning as “He desn’t always allw me t watch the TV prgram I like best.” (请在本文中找出与划线句子意思相同的句子)
35. The language gal (语言目标) f this passage:
Frm：
【主旨大意】本文是两篇应用文。第一篇是一个学生写给Hunt先生的信，告诉他生活中的烦恼。第二篇是Hunt给他回信，并给出一些解决问题的建议。
【解析】
31. eq \\ac(○,1)He/She can’t get n with his/her family. 细节理解题。从第一封信中的My prblem is that I can’t get n with my family.可知，作者的主要问题是不能够和家人好好相处。
= 2 \* GB3 ② Relatins between the writer’s parents have becme difficult. They fight a lt. 细节理解题。从第一封信中的Relatins between my parents have becme difficult. They fight a lt可知，作者和父母的问题是和父母之间的关系变得困难，他们经常吵架。
32. = 1 \* GB3 ① His/Her elder brther is nt very nice t him/her. 细节理解题。从第一封信中的my elder brther is nt very nice t me可知，作者和哥哥之间的问题是哥哥对作者不好。
② lnely and nervus细节理解题。根从第一封信中的At hme I always feel lnely and nervus.可知，作者自己的问题是在家中感到孤独和紧张。
33. Sit dwn and cmmunicate with his/her brther. 细节理解题。从第二封信中的why dn’t yu sit dwn and cmmunicate with yur brther?可知，为了处理和哥哥之间的问题，建议其坐下来和哥哥进行交流。
34. He always refuses t let me watch my favrite TV shw. 同义句理解题。句意：他不允许我看我最喜欢的电视节目。相当于从第一封信中的He always refuses t let me watch my favrite TV shw.。
35. Talk abut prblems and give advice. 推理判断题。第一篇是介绍生活中的问题，第二篇是针对问题，提出的一些建议。因此语言目标是：谈论问题和给出建议。
六、阅读表达 (共5小题；每小题2分，计10分)
阅读一下面的短文，按要求完成后面各个小题。
(2019·湖南娄底) Mr. Green brught his family t China and visited Zhangjiajie. On May 4th, 2019, they enjyed the magic muntains there. They had a great time. They tk a lt f phts n the way and then they had a picnic under a big tree. 74. Suddenly it began t rain heavily, s they hurried back t the htel. When they gt there, they culdn’t find their expensive camera. They wanted t g back t lk fr it, but there wasn’t enugh time because they had t catch the plane at 20:30 that night! They didn’t have dinner in the htel because they all felt srry. T make his family happy, Mr. Green said, “Well, 75. 让我给你们讲一个有趣的故事吧。 An ld man lived in a 200-metre-tall building. One day he fell dwn frm it by accident, but he didn’t hurt himself at all.”
“It was a miracle (奇迹)!” shuted his children, “Why?”
“Because he lived n the first flr!”
They all began t laugh ludly. Just at that time a pliceman with a camera came in. He said a Chinese by fund it under a big tree and the by asked him t find ut the wner.
“It’s really a mirracle!” the Greens said halppily.
根据短文内容用简要答语回答下面三个问题。
71. Did the Greens enjy themselves in Zhangjiajie?
__________________________________________________
72. Where did the Greens lse their camera?
__________________________________________________
73. If yu were the Chinese by, what wuld yu d?
__________________________________________________
将短文中划线的两个句子翻译成中文或英文。
74. __________________________________________________
75. __________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。格林先生带着家人来到中国，参观了张家界。2019年5月4日，他们欣赏了那里的神奇山脉。他们玩得很开心，在路上拍了很多照片，然后在一棵大树下野餐。突然下起大雨，他们匆匆赶回旅馆。当他们到达那里时，他们找不到昂贵的照相机了。他们想回去找，但是时间不够，因为当晚20:30得赶飞机! 他们没有在旅馆里吃饭，因为他们都感到很难过。为了让他的家人开心，格林先生说让我给你们讲一个有趣的故事吧。一位老人住在一座200米高的大楼里。有一天，他从它不小心跌倒，但他一点也没有伤到自己。为什么呢? 因为他住在一楼！他们都开始大声笑了起来。就在那个时候，一个带着照相机的警察进来了。他说，一个中国男孩在一棵大树下发现了它，男孩让他找到它的主人。格林一家人开心地说这真是一个奇迹!
【答案】
71. Yes, they did.
72. (They lst it)Under a big tree.
73. I wuld return the camera t the Greens.(合理即可)
74. 突然下起了大雨，他们匆匆赶回了旅馆（酒店）。
75. Let me tell yu an interesting stry.
【解析】
71. Yes, they did. 根据短文中“On May 4th, 2019, they enjyed the magic muntains there. They had a great time.”可知，他们玩得很开心。
72. (They lst it)Under a big tree. 根据短文中“and then they had a picnic under a big tree. …, s they hurried back t the htel.”可以推测，应该是在树下丢失了照相机。
73. I wuld return the camera t the Greens. (合理即可) 这是一道开放题。根据社会公德可知，捡到东西应归还失主。
74. 突然下起了大雨，他们匆匆赶回了旅馆（酒店）。
75. Let me tell yu an interesting stry.
（2019·山东菏泽）阅读下面短文，完成相关任务。
Paper cutting is ne f the traditinal flk arts in China. It is a kind f ppular flk arts and has been ppular fr abut 1,500 years. Let’s learn abut paper cutting.
Wnderful meanings
Paper cutting has sme wnderful meanings. In ur mind, paper cutting can always bring us happiness and gd luck. At the Spring Festival, peple put up “Fu” n drs r windws, peple als put up “Xi”.
The largest paper cutting in the wrld
The largest paper cutting was made by Ga Xiadng. It has an area f abut 456 square meters. It is as large as a basketball curt.
Why are mst paper cutting red?
In ld times, peple respected the sun. Red is the clr f the sun. We always regard red as the symbl f hpe and gd luck. Nw, we can still see red everywhere in China. The walls f ld palaces are red. Lanterns are red. Weddings are always full f red things, t.
Black paper cutting in Shanzhu
It’s true that mst paper cutting are red. But paper cutting in Shanzhu, Henan Prvince are black. Black is the best clr there. Shanzhu is a dry place. The lcal peple make black paper cutting t wish fr rain.
56. What can paper cutting always bring us in ur mind?
57. Wh made the largest paper cutting?
58. Hw d the lcal peple in Shanzhu wish fr rain?
59.请把文中划线句子翻译成汉语。
60.请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国剪纸的历史、蕴含的意思、世界上最大的剪纸、剪纸的颜色等知识。
【解析】
56. Happiness and gd luck. 细节理解题。从Wnderful meanings下的“In ur mind, paper cutting can always bring us happiness and gd luck.”知，在我们的思想中，剪纸总是能带给我们幸福和好运。从中提取答案。
57. Ga Xiadng. 细节理解题。从The largest paper cutting in the wrld下的“The largest paper cutting was made by Ga Xiadng.”知，最大的剪纸是Ga Xiadng制作的。
58. They make black paper t wish fr rain. 细节理解题。从最后一段最后一句“The lcal peple make black paper cutting t wish fr rain.”知，当地人做黑色剪纸求雨。
59. 我们总是把红色看作希望和好运的象征。翻译题。注意regard…as意为“把……看作”。
60. (Chinese) Paper cutting. 标题归纳题。本文说的就是剪纸的历史、蕴含的意思、世界上最大的剪纸、剪纸的颜色等知识。因此用(Chinese) Paper cutting作为文章标题是合适的。
五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
(2019山东聊城)阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。
My wrk allws me t live in different cuntries. Reading bks helps me t cnnect with my friends, family and my hme cuntry, the UK. Here are sme bks that I read a lt.
Daddy Lng Legs
This bk is abut the stry f a yung girl, wh ges t university and gets lts f new experiences. This bk always makes me think f my mther because she used t read it t me when I was ill in bed.
Harry Ptter
I’m sure many f yu knw Harry Ptter bks! I have read them many times since primary schl. I really get lst in the stries. These days I’m reading them again in Germany.
The Railway Children
这是我最喜爱的书之一。It was a gift fr my 13th birthday frm my best friend, s it still strngly makes me think f my childhd. It is abut three children and their adventures(冒险经历) next t a railway.
71. 从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。
I can live in different cuntries because f my wrk.
_____________________________________________________________
72. 回答问题：
When did the writer’s mther read the bk t him?
______________________________________________________________
73. 将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。
_____________________________________________________________
74. 将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。
_____________________________________________________________
75. 回答问题：
What des the underlined wrd ”It” in the last sentence refer t (指的是)？
_____________________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，详细介绍了作者的最喜欢的三本书。
71. My wrk allws me t live in different cuntries. 所给的句子I can live in different cuntries because f my wrk.表示“因为我的工作原因，我可以居住在不同的国家。”与原文第一段第一句意思相符。
72. When the writer/he was ill in the bed. 从第二段最后一句 because she used t read it t me when I was ill in bed.可知，此句是作者母亲给他读书的时间是作者卧病在床时。
73. 自从上小学以来我已经把这些书读过许多遍了。翻译此句时，应注意since与现在完成时态的关系。
74. This is ne f my favurite bks. 翻译此句时，应注意ne f+名词复数。
75. The Railway Children. 从最后一段可知，本段描述的是The Railway Children。
(2019.四川达州)根据短文后所给的任务，完成71—75小题。
温馨提示：只要有大小写、单词拼写、语法等错误，均不给分。
“I’m s busy with my study. I dn’t even have enugh time t have breakfast.” said Zhangli, a
middle schl student. D yu have the same prblem A Zhangli? Hwever, missing breakfast culd raise yur risk f heart prblem by 87 percent, accrding t a new study, Researchers at the University f lw a analyzed 18 years f data n 6,550 peple ver 40 years ld wh had n histry f heart prblems.
They were given regular surveys B included the questin. “hw ften d yu eat breakfast?” Mst (59 percent) ate breakfast every day, but 5.1 percent never did, 10.9 percent rarely did, and 25 percent wuld miss fr a few days．The team fund that①早餐习惯与心脏病风险之间存在明显关联。Thse wh didn't eat in the mrning were up t 87 percent mre likely t develp heart prblems.
“It’s believed that = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②an, imprtant, day, breakfast, the, is, meal, f, but there has been an increasing prevalence(普遍)f missing breakfast ver the put s years in he United States, with as many as 23.8 percent f yung peple missing breakfast every day.” the researchers said “Hwever, studies n the health effects f missing breakfast are rare.”
The team pinted ut a few factrs which culd underlie this cnnectin. = 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③Firstly, thse wh dn’t sat breakfast may be mre likely t snack unhealthy.
Secndly, breakfast may help t balance bld sugar levels and
cntrl bld pressure. The findings were published n the American Cllege f Cardilgy. Sme days later a similar study shwed peple wh missed breakfast and ate a late dinner were less likely t survive a heart attack. And Brja Ibanez, a dctr f medicine, als pinted ut thse wh didn't eat breakfast were mre likely t smke, be lack f exercise, and drink alchl.
As fr us teenagers, what are yur pinins n breakfast? D yu think breakfast is imprtant fr us?
任务一：请分别在文中A、B两处的横线上填入适当的单词（每空一词）
71. A _______________ B. _________
任务二：请将文中①处句子译成英语。
The team fund that _____________________________________________
任务三：请将文中 = 2 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ②处的斜体单词连成句子。
It’s believed that ________________________________________________.
任务四：请将文中 = 3 \* GB3 \* MERGEFORMAT ③处划线句子译成汉语。
______________________________________________________________.
任务五：What can we learn frm the passage?
______________________________________________________________.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文，阐述了不吃早餐对人体的危害，不吃早餐会导致多种疾病。
【答案】
A. as B. and
72.The team fund that there was a link between breakfast habits and heart prblems /The team fund that breakfast habits were cnnected with heart disease.
73. It’s believed that breakfast is an imprtant meal f the day.
74. 首先，那些不坐在餐桌前吃早餐的人更有可能吃不健康的零食。
75. It is imprtant t eat breakfast n time.
六、(2019甘肃兰州)任务型阅读理解(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面的短文，按要求完成后面的小题。
(2019甘肃兰州)Traveling by subway can smetimes be a challenge, especially during rush hur. Yu have t fight yur way int the carriage (车厢), and keep away frm thers' ht water. The smells f sme passengers' fd are very strng, t.
Since April, the lcal gvernment f Beijing has cllected public pinins n the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules. The rules say that if passengers have bad manners while n the subway, they will end up with bad credit (信用) scres r even being refused by the subway. Fur kinds f behavirs (行为) were added t the new rules. They include stealing thers' seats, eating drinking, handing ut advertisements, and nt paying fr the tickets.
As fr eating and drinking n the subway,①不同的人有不同的观点。Sme peple supprt the rules that all passengers except babies and peple with certain health prblems are nt allwed t cat r drink n the subway.②They have pinted ut that the smell f fd and drink can make ther passengers unhappy.
Hwever, thers questin this rule, saying that drinking water shuld be allwed③______________ peple can get thirsty after lng rides n the crwded subway.
76. What has the lcal gvernment f Beijing cllected since April?
___________________________________________________________________________________
77. Please list tw kinds f bad behavirs n the subway accrding t the new rules.
____________________________________________________________________________________
78.请将文中①处画线句子翻译成英语。______________________________________________________________________
79.请将文中②处画线句子翻译成汉语。___________________________________________________
80.请在文中③处填入一个适当的连词。___________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述的是地铁上到底该不该禁止吃东西或喝水等与大众密切相关的日常行为。
【答案】
76. Since April, the lcal gvernment f Beijing has cllected public pinins n the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules.
77. Stealing thers' seats, eating drinking, handing ut advertisements, and nt paying fr the tickets.（这四项人选两项即可）
78. different peple have different pinins/ ideas
79. 他们已经指出：食物和饮料的气味可能会让其他乘客不高兴。
80. because
【解析】
76. Since April, the lcal gvernment f Beijing has cllected public pinins n the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules. 细节理解题。题干意为：四月份以来，北京当地政府收集了什么？根据第二段首句中“Since April, the lcal gvernment f Beijing has cllected public pinins n the new Beijing Subway Passenger Rules.”可知，收集的是公众就新的地铁乘客制度的观点。
77. Stealing thers' seats, eating drinking, handing ut advertisements, and nt paying fr the tickets.（这四项人选两项即可）。细节理解题。题干意为：根据新规，请列举两项地铁上的不文明行为。由文中的“Fur kinds f behavirs (行为) were added t the new rules. They include stealing thers' seats, eating drinking, handing ut advertisements, and nt paying fr the tickets.”可知，霸座、吃喝、发广告和逃票都属于不良行为，所以，任意列出两项即可。
78. different peple have different pinins/ ideas
79. 他们已经指出：食物和饮料的气味可能会让其他乘客不高兴。
80. because 联系上下文的含义“然而，质疑这项规定的人们说，喝水应该被允许”、“人们在拥挤的地铁里长时间的旅程可能会口渴”。前后有因果关系，故连词用because。
IX. (2019河北) 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，并按要求完成66~70题。
(2019河北)Critical thinking (批判性思维) is trying t imprve the way yu think. Peple use critical thinking in every area f life t slve prblems and evaluate claims (评估主张).
Like every ther skill, critical thinking takes practice. When a prblem cmes ur way, we need t think critically t decide hw t slve it. When we see an advertisement, fr example, we shuld stp and think. Advertisements are made t make peple feel certain that they are true, and then peple can buy the prducts. But is what the advertisement says true? Is it making a claim? Or des it nly interest us? Critical thinking is imprtant and stps us frm making pr chices. In fact, we are using it if we ask questins naturally abut what we see.
Practice makes perfect. While yu are grwing in critical thinking, yu’ll becme a wiser and mre thughtful persn. There are many ways f ding practice. Here are a few:
★Read abut a tpic peple disagree n. Lk at articles r bks n all sides f the subject. Fr each side f the subject, think carefully and evaluate it.
★When yu see r hear a claim, ask questins abut it. Wh is making the claim and why?
★Evaluate yur wn thinking. Where and why d yu think uncritically? Hw can yu imprve?
Critical thinking shuld be part f everything we d. It may help yu t succeed at wrk r schl. Make yurself int a habit f critical thinking. Change yur thughts and change yur wrld.
66、67题完成句子；68题简略回答问题；69题找出并写下第二段的主题句；70题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
66. Peple use critical thinking t ______ and evaluate claims.
67. Critical thinking can stp us frm ______.
68. What kind f persn will yu becme as yu grw in critical thinking?
_______________________________________________________________
69. _______________________________________________________________
70. _______________________________________________________________
【答案】
66. slve prblems
67. making pr chices
68. A wiser and mre thughtful persn.
69. Like every ther skill, critical thinking takes practice.
70.它可能会帮助你在工作或学习（校）中取得成功。
【解析】
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文中主要谈到了什么是批判性思维，并就如何改善我们的批判性思维提出了几点建议。
66. slve prblems 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Peple use critical thinking in every area f life t slve prblems and evaluate claims (评估主张).”可知，空格处指“解决问题”。
67. making pr chices 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Critical thinking is imprtant and stps us frm making pr chices.”可知，批判性思维能阻止我们做出不好的选择。
68. A wiser and mre thughtful persn. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“While yu are grwing in critical thinking, yu’ll becme a wiser and mre thughtful persn.”可知，你会成为一个更加明智，更加有思想的人。
69. Like every ther skill, critical thinking takes practice. 段落大意题。本段主要讲述了如何锻炼我们的批判性思维能力，因此本段首句为中心句。
70. 它可能会帮助你在工作或学习（校）中取得成功。 翻译题。help sb d sth.帮助某人做某事；succeed成功。
第二节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
(2019·贵州遵义) 阅读短文E，回答问题及翻译划线部分的句子，并将其正确答案用黑色墨水笔或黑色签字笔写在答题卡规定的位置上。
E(2019·贵州遵义)
It is said that everyne has tw bxes hung n ur necks. The small bx at the frnt is full f ther peple's mistakes, while the big ne at the back is filled with ur wn shrtcmings(缺点). Mst f time, it’s easy t find ther peple's mistakes. It's hard fr us t see ur mistakes behind us.
A by called Tny, always lked at the frnt bx t check what was in it. He saw ther peple's mistakes very quickly. When Ben was impatient with him, he said t Ben, "It's s easy fr yu t get angry. It is hard t be friends with yu."
He tld his mther that Michael was dishnest. "Michael takes my things withut asking. And he als frgets t return them." Tny himself did nt like sharing his things with anyne.
When Jhn was t tired t g hiking with him, he said, "Yu are such an unfriendly persn."
He thught Nick was t prud f his rich parents. But Tny was s prud f himself because he culd nt see any f his wn mistakes! ①He culd nt understand why he didn’t get n well with thers. Then his mther said t him, “If yu change the bxes arund, maybe yu can find the answer.” He did it as his mther said, and his face turned red. ②他发现自己并不比其他同学更好。
56. What's in the back bx ?__________________________________________
57. Did Tny always lk at the frnt bx? ___________________________________
58. What did Tny think f his fur classmates? ________________________________
59.请将划线的句子①翻译成为中文。________________________________________
60请将划线的句子②翻译成为英文。_______________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文中主要围绕应该看到自身缺点展开论述的，很多时候，我们容易看到别人的错误，但是很难发现自身的缺点，然后通过托尼的例子：站在自己的立场，会发现别人由很多缺点和错误；之后妈妈教育他，转变角色，站在别人的立场，也会发现自身有很多缺点和错误。教育我们要勇于看到自身的缺点。
【解析】
56. Our wn shrtcmings 细节理解题。题干意为：后箱里有什么？根据第一段第二句中“while the big ne at the back is filled with ur wn shrtcmings”可知，后面的大箱子里装的是我们自身的缺点不足。
57. Yes, he did. 细节理解题。题干意为：托尼总是看前箱吗？根据第二段第一句“A by called Tny, always lked at the frnt bx t check what was in it.”可知，托尼总是注重看前箱子，故需要肯定回答。
58. Ben was impatient (with him); Michael was dishnest; Jhn was an unfriendly persn; Nick was t prud (f his rich parents). 细节理解题。题干意为：托尼怎么看他的四个朋友？阅读短文二三四五段可知，在托尼眼里，本没耐心；迈克尔不诚实；约翰不够友好；尼克太骄傲了。据此表述即可。
59. 他不理解为什么他不能与别人处好关系。
60. He fund himself n better than the ther students.
D（2019·湖北鄂州）
Laurence Kim was brn in Salt Lake City, Utah, n Nvember 11, 1951. He was nt like ther children when he was yung. A medical scan (扫描) shwed that the tw halves f his brain were nt cnnected in the usual way. He develped an amazing memry. He started t read when he was tw. He remembered everything he had read.
T read mre quickly, he read the left page with his left eye and the right page with his right eye. By reading the tw pages at the same time, (61)看完一本书花他不到一小时的时间。By the age f 30, he had memrized arund 12,000 bks.
Hwever, he did nt develp s well in ther areas. (62) He culd nt walk befre fur years ld , and he had prblems putting n his clthes and shes. His scial skills were pr, and he was extremely sensitive (敏感的) abut new peple. In 1984, Peek and his father met Hllywd mvie writer Barry Mrrw. Mrrw was fascinated by Peek and began t write a new play abut Peek’s experiences. The mvie Rain Man wn an Oscar fr Best Picture in 1988. (63) This changed Peek’s life. (64) He gt used t being the center f attentin. He became mre self-cnfident. He appeared n TV and traveled arund the cuntry with his father t develp awareness(意识) f his cnditin.
Peek was nt nly an amazing man but als a real Rain Man. Sadly, Peek died f a heart attack in 2009.
任务一：将61 处翻译成英文。
任务二：将62 处改为复合句。
任务三：写出 63 处 “this” 指代的内容。
任务四：将64 处翻译成中文。
任务五：(65) 找出该文段的中心句。
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出生于盐湖城的Laurence Kim 小的时候两半大脑异于他人，两岁就开始读书，并且能记住所有阅读过的东西。为了能够读的更快，他左眼读左边一页，右眼读右边一页，同时读两页。30岁时就已经记住了大约12,000 本书。然而他在其他领域发展的并不好，无论是走路、穿衣还是社会技能等方面都较落后。然而机缘巧合，因好莱坞剧作家Barry Mrrw的电影《雨人》他出名了，并更加自信。
【答案】
61. It tk him less than an hur t read a bk. / It tk him less than an hur t finish reading a bk. /He spent less than an hur reading a bk.
62.He culd nt walk befre he was fur (years ld).
63. The mvie Rain Man wn an Oscar fr Best Picture( in 1988).
64. 他习惯了成为关注的焦点/中心。
65. Peek was nt nly an amazing man but als a real Rain Man.
【解析】
61. It tk him less than an hur t read a bk. / It tk him less than an hur t finish reading a bk. /He spent less than an hur reading a bk. 本题考查汉译英。本句中的关键是把 “花时间看书”翻译正确，可用It tk sb. sme time t d sth.或Sb. spent sme time ding sth.两种句型中的任一个来表达。
62.He culd nt walk befre he was fur (years ld). 本题考查简单句改为复合句。此句要改为复合句，只能将时间状语“befre fur years ld”改为时间状语从句befre he was fur (years ld)。
63. The mvie Rain Man wn an Oscar fr Best Picture( in 1988).本题考查代词的指代用法。指示代词this通常指代上一句或上一句中的部分内容，并且由此句中this作主语，句意是“这改变了Peek的生活”，所以this只能是指代前文中The mvie Rain Man wn an Oscar fr Best Picture( in 1988)这件事。
64. 他习惯了成为关注的焦点/中心。本题考查英译汉。这里的关键是把“get used t ding”（习惯于做某事）和“the center f attentin”（关注的焦点/中心）翻译准确。
65. Peek was nt nly an amazing man but als a real Rain Man. 本题考查主旨大意。综合整篇短文可知文中结尾段的首句“Peek was nt nly an amazing man but als a real Rain Man.”提示了文章的中心：Peek不仅仅是一位让人惊讶的人，而且是一位真正的“雨人”（同名影片中用亲情和爱来保护家人的人）。
(2019湖北咸宁) C
Lk arund when yu’re n a subway. What is the mst ppular time-killing (消磨时间的) activity? In China, mst peple play n their smart phnes. While in ther cuntries, peple ften enjy reading.
On average (平均), each Chinese persn read less than eight bks in 2018, accrding t a recent survey frm the Chinese Academy f Press and Publicatin. But Chinese peple ① /spend/________ an average f 26 minutes n WeChat Reading every day.
② 在许多西方国家，人们在任何时候都会阅读。Even backpackers (背包客) enjy reading bks when they are having a break at the beach r relaxing frm a hike. Reading bks builds a bridge = 3 \* GB3 ③ / bɪ 'twiːn/________ ur lives and the unknwn wrld.
Many htels abrad als ffer bk-exchanges fr visitrs. Simply drp ff yur finished bks and take thse nes that ther peple left behind.
In mst US middle schls, teachers give students a reading list every few weeks. = 4 \* GB3 ④ Mst bks are easy t read, s students wn’t lse their cnfidence f reading.
Gd reading habits lead yu t a lifelng lve f bks. In rder t encurage peple t read mre, China is planning t fster (培养) the habits f reading in its law. Althugh this has bth gd and bad sides, ⑤________________________.
61. 填写单词：报据文中①、③两处音标填写单词。
① /spend/____________; ③ / bɪ 'twiːn /____________
62. 将文中②处划线句子翻译成英语：_________________________________________________________
63. 将文中④处划线句子翻译成汉语：__________________________________________________________
64. 补全短文：从下面四个选项中，选出能放入文中⑤处划线部分的最佳选项
A. it can be seen as a way t fster ne's interest
B. it can be seen as a way t build smebdy up
C. it can be seen as a way t develp ne's reading habits
D. it can be seen as a way t imprve ne’s writing ability
65. What’s the purpse f having gd reading habits accrding t the passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国很多人都是玩手机来消磨时间，但是西方国家人们都充分利用空余时间进行大量的阅读。
【答案】
61. spend; between
62. In many western cuntries, peple will(can) read/read/enjy reading at any time.
63. 大部分书籍都简单易读，因此学生读起来不会失去阅读的信心。
64. C 补全短文题。根据前面的“国家通过法律来培养人们阅读习惯，”可知通过法律约束，来改进人们的阅读习惯。故选C。
65. Gd reading habits lead yu t a lifelng lve f bks. 细节理解题。根据短文内容可知，好的阅读习惯的目的是“Gd reading habits lead yu t a lifelng lve f bks.”。
(2019·湖北孝感)七、任务型阅读 阅读短文, 按要求完成所给任务. （共8分, 每空2分）
A middle-aged man, Xu Shijie, frm Kaifeng is a pedicab (三轮车）driver, r rather, a tur guide. Over the past 15 years, he has served hundreds f freign turists. He tld them stries abut Kaifeng in English.
= 1 \* GB3 ① With the help f a dictinary, he read English magazines and bks in his spare time. He als kept a diary in English. Thus, he culd learn mre new wrds and grammar.
He first talked t a freign turist in 2003. He was nervus and nt sure whether the turist culd understand him r nt. Luckily, the turist understd him and they talked happily that day.
Since then, Xu has studied English even harder. He practiced listening and speaking skills every night. In rder t prvide a better intrductin t Kaifeng, he has als read lts f bks abut the city's histry and culture. Xu is nw better knwn as Jasn, his English name. He has becme the mst ppular pedicab driver in Kaifeng. = 2 \* GB3 ② He ften helps turists buy train tickets r medicine. Smetimes, he als helps them find quality htels. Many peple call Xu a culture ambassadr. XU said he wuld try his best t live up t the praise and make Chinese culture knwn t the wrld.
练习一：从下面四个选项中选出能填入文中 = 1 \* GB3 ① 和 = 2 \* GB3 ② 处的最佳选项。（4分）
A. Xu has learned English all by himself.
B. At first, peple laughed at Xu’s pr prnunciatin f English.
C. Freign turists dn’t care abut Xu’s best service.
D. This is nt nly because he can speak English, but als because he is warm-hearted.
练习二：Translate the underlined sentences int Chinese. (2分)
____________________________________________________________________
练习三：What des the passage mainly talk abut?
____________________________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要介绍了河南开封的一位三轮司机。他自学英语，当了外国人的导游，而且还非常热心肠，经常帮助别人，成了当地的名人。
【答案】
练习一： = 1 \* GB3 ① A = 2 \* GB3 ② D
练习二： 他很紧张，不确定那位游客是否能听懂他。
练习三：Xu Shijie learned English by himself and he intrduced Kaifeng / Chinese culture
(histry) t the wrld / freign turists.
练习一： = 1 \* GB3 ①根据空后面的“With the help f a dictinary, he read English magazines and bks in his spare time.”可知，他是借助字典，业余时间自学的英语。故选A。
= 2 \* GB3 ② 根据空后的“He ften helps turists buy train tickets r medicine. Smetimes, he als helps them find quality htels.”，可知，他除了英语好，还很热心肠，经常帮助别人。故选D。
练习二：他很紧张，不确定那位游客是否能听懂他。
练习三：Xu Shijie learned English by himself and he intrduced Kaifeng / Chinese culture
(histry) t the wrld / freign turists.
= 7 \* ROMAN VII. 任务型阅读。(本大题共10分，每小题2分)
(2019贵州安顺) As we all knw, the “rice bwl” culture f China has influenced sme Asian cuntries such as Japan, Krea and Vietnam since we started t use chpsticks while eating fd.
Chpsticks are usually tw lng thin pieces f wd r bamb. They can als be made f plastic, animal bne r metal. (96) The mst imprtant thing is that chpsticks are a great inventin in China.
Five thusand years ag peple usually cked their fd in large pts, using twigs(小树枝)t remve it. (97) the ppulatin grew, peple began cutting fd int small pieces. (99)Fd in small pieces culd be eaten easily with twigs by peple .And twigs were gradually changed int chpsticks.
Sme peple think that the famus schlar Cnfucius living frm abut 551 BC t 479 BC pushed the develpment f chpsticks. Cnfucius believed that using chpsticks instead f knives wuld remind peple t stay away frm killing and vilence at table.
We enjy ur delicius fd with ur family members r friends while feeling the peaceful and peple-lving wrld by using chpsticks at table anytime.
96. 请将96处下划线的句子译成中文：
____________________________________________
97. 在97空处填入一个使语意连贯的连词：
____________________________________________
98. What materials can be used t make chpsticks?
_____________________________________________
99. 请将99处被动语态的句子转化为主动语态的句子。
_____________________________________________
100. What is a pssible title fr this passage?
_____________________________________________
【主旨大意】众所周知，中国的“饭碗”文化影响了日本、韩国和越南等亚洲国家，因为我们吃饭时使用筷子。筷子是由我们中国人发明的，已经有几千年的历史。
96.最重要的是筷子是中国的一项伟大发明。(答案意思接近即可给分)
97. As / When/ After
98. Wd, bamb, plastic, animal bne and metal. 根据句子Chpsticks are usually tw lng thin pieces f wd r bamb. They can als be made f plastic, animal bne r metal.可回答本题答案。
99. Peple culd eat fd in small pieces easily with twigs./Peple culd easily eat fd in
small pieces with twigs.
100. Chpsticks Culture/Chpsticks/Culture f Chinese Chpsticks at table/A great inventin
-chpsticks 本文作者主要讲述了一项重要的发明——筷子。
(B) （2019黑龙江哈尔滨）
Dinsaurs (恐龙) nce lived n the earth fr a lng time. They suddenly disappeared millins f years ag. What happened t them? That’s still a mystery. Peple never stp searching fr the answer.
Sme US scientists say it is because there were nt enugh male (雄性的) dinsaurs. They gt this idea after researching crcdiles (鳄鱼).
Mther crcdiles lay eggs and later baby crcdiles cme ut. The lcal temperature decides the sex (性别) f the baby crcdile. When the eggs are at a temperature f 26 ℃ t 30℃, the babies are all girls; when the temperature is 30℃ t 34℃, there are bth bys and girls; when it is 34℃ t 36℃, nly bys are brn.
Dinsaurs’ babies als came frm eggs. S scientists have given us a new picture: millins f years ag, it suddenly became very cld. Almst all dinsaur babies were girls. There were fewer and fewer male dinsaurs. Mther dinsaurs culd nt give birth t mre babies. Finally , these pwerful animals disappeared.
（2019黑龙江哈尔滨）任务2:阅读短文(B)，根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。
69. e_______ as many r as much as necessary
70. l__________ t prduce eggs frm the bdies f birds, insects and s n
（2019黑龙江哈尔滨）任务3:阅读短文(B) ，完成同义句转换，每空一词。
Dinsaurs' babies als came frm eggs.
Dinsaurs' babies came frm eggs 71.______ 72. _______
（2019黑龙江哈尔滨）任务4:根据短文(B)内容回答问题。
When did dinsaurs suddenly disappear?
73.__________________________________
What decides the sex f the baby crcdile?
74. __________________________________
Are the baby crcdiles nly bys when it' s 35℃?
75. __________________________________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古代恐龙灭绝可能的原因，通过当地气温变化对于鳄鱼孵化出不同性别的鳄鱼的现象，科学家们猜想恐龙灭绝或许也是这个原因。
【答案】69. enugh 70. lay 71. as 72. well
73. Millins f years ag.
74. The lcal temperature.
75. Yes, they are.
【解析】
69. enugh “as many r as much as necessary”意为“和需要的一样多”即“足够的”，和文中enugh意义相近。
70. lay “t prduce eggs frm the bdies f birds, insects and s n”意为“生产自禽类、昆虫和别的身体里的蛋”。结合文中第三段第一句“Mther crcdiles lay eggs and later baby crcdiles cme ut.”可知，lay符合题意。
71. as
72. well。als相当于t或as well，意为“也”。
73. Millins f years ag. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“They suddenly disappeared millins f years ag.”可知答案。
74. The lcal temperature. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The lcal temperature decides the sex f the baby crcdile.”可知答案。
75. Yes, they are. 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“when it is 34℃ t 36℃, nly bys are brn.”可知气温是35℃时，都是雄性鳄鱼。故应用肯定回答。
D (2019湖北黄石)

(2019湖北黄石)阅读下面材料,根据要求完成61—65
Peple in different cuntries speak different languages. But is there a language that can be understd by everyne in the wrld? Emjis might be the first truly universal(通用的)language.
Emjis are a kind f special language. Pictures are used t put meaning acrss. A grup called the Unicde Cnsrtium is in charge f chsing fficial(官方的)emjis. It has added new emjis every year since 2014. These new emjis d nt cme ut f nwhere. They cme frm what peple think abut, like and care abut.
Emjis can be used t represent(代表)different grups f peple. In 2015, emjis faces with different skin tnes( 肤色) were added. In 2016, different jbs were added, such as dctr, plice fficer and painter alng with female versins f these jbs. This year, emjis f disabled peple were added, including emjis f blind peple and peple in wheel chairs.
But there is als mre t emjis. They can als refer t pp culture and new cultural trends. New emjis in 2019 have included several animals, such as slths (树懒) and flamings (火烈鸟). These animals are nt very cmmn but are knwn t many peple. Fr example, slths have becme ppular thanks t the 2016 film Ztpia(《疯狂动物城》). Many fashin designers have included flamings in their designs in recent years. This animal makes peple feel like they're n trpical(热带)vacatin.
It seems that emjis are a mirrr f the wrld we live in. It will be interesting t see hw they change and grw in the years t cme.
根据短文内容,完成下列任务。
61. Emjis are a special language using the _______t put meaning acrss.(仅填1个词)
62. Where d new emjis cme frm?(回答不超过9个词)
_________________________________________________
63. When did emjis begin t shw different jbs? (回答不超过2个词)
_________________________________________________
64. What kind f animals have been included in2019? (回答不超过6个词)
_____________________________________________________________________
65.将画线句子翻译成汉语。
_____________________________________________________________________
【主旨大意】本文介绍了第一个真正全世界通用的语言emjis(表情符号)。
【答案】61. pictures.
62. They are frm peple's real life and thughts.
63. In 2016.
64. Animals such as/ like slths and flamings. Animals knwn but nt cmmn.
65.看它们(表情符号)将来如何变化发展是很有趣的。
【解析】
61. 根据第二段Emjis are a kind f special language. Pictures are used t put meaning acrss.可知emjis是用图片来表达意思。
62. 根据第二段They cme frm what peple think abut, like and care abut.可知它来源于人们的生活和思想。
63. 根据第三段In 2016, different jbs were added可知2016年开始表示不同的工作。
64.根据第四段New emjis in 2019 have included several animals, such as slths (树懒)
and flamings (火烈鸟). These animals are nt very cmmn but are knwn t many peple.可知答案。
65．略。
VI. 任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成下列各题。（共5小题，计10分)
(2019陕西)Iceland is a nrthern Eurpean cuntry with amazing natural beauty and ceans arund. There are lts f vlcanes(后山). It has a shrt summer which lasts frm June t August. The lng winter starts frm September and ends next May.
Summer in Iceland is a glden seasn fr turists. Every year, peple frm all ver the wrld cme here t see the beautiful sights and enjy the exciting whale-seeing(观鲸).
In winter, when peple in Iceland cmplete their daily wrk, they will have a lt f special activities t spend the lng dark night. Skating, riding snw mtrbikes and having parties can really make an exciting night. After all the fun, a ht bath must be the first chice t relax. There are als stry-telling activities fr children, which can teach them t be strng and kind. The mst ppular stries are abut Christmas in Iceland
Because f a lng cld winter, Iceland has a shrt grwing seasn. Fd prblem was always a headache fr Iceland in the past. It had t buy mst f its fd frm ther cuntries. Later, when farmers learned t use lights and undergrund heat t grw crps(庄稼) all year rund in the greenhuse, things changed a lt.
Living in such a nice envirnment, mst peple in Iceland live a happy life. Accrding t a survey abut happiness made each year in Eurpe, Iceland is always amng the tp 3.
71. What des “It” refer t in the first paragraph?
It refers t_ ________ .
72. When d visitrs usually cme t enjy whale-seeing?
Visitrs cme t see the whales_ ________.
73. Hw can peple spend an exciting night?
They can skate, ride snw mtrbikes and__ ________ _.
74. Why des Iceland have a shrt grwing seasn?
Because Iceland has a__ ________.
75. Accrding t the passage, what kind f life d peple in Iceland live?
They live a _ ________ __ life.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了北欧国家冰岛，其优美的自然风光和环境，短暂的夏天是旅游的黄金时期，在漫长的冬天也有很多活动可做，不利于作物生长的气候带来的食物问题，也逐渐得到解决。其优美的宜居环境总是排在欧洲前三。
【答案】
71. Iceland
72. in summer/ June/ July/ August/ frm June t August.
73. have parties.
74. lng cld winter.
75. happy/wnderful/ relaxing/…….
【解析】
71. Iceland 细节理解题。理解本句意“它的夏天很短，从六月到八月”，可推测it是指上文中提到的Iceland“冰岛”。
72. in summer/ June/ July/ August/ frm June t August 细节理解题。题意：游客通常什么时候来赏鲸？根据第二段开头句“Summer in Iceland is a glden seasn fr turists.”，可知答案。
73. have parties. 细节理解题。题意：人们如何度过一个激动人心的夜晚？根据第三段第二句“Skating, riding snw mtrbikes and having parties can really make an exciting night.”，故填have parties。
74. lng cld winter. 细节理解题。题意：为什么冰岛的生长季节很短？根据第四段的开头句“Because f a lng cld winter, Iceland has a shrt grwing seasn.”，故填lng cld winter。
75. happy/wnderful/ relaxing/……. 推理判断题。题意：根据文章，冰岛人有什么的生活方式？根据本文主要讲述冰岛的美好风光，以及宜居环境。故填写褒义的有关词汇即可。
阅读下面短文，按要求完成下列各题。
（2019海南）We usually g t see a dctr when we are ill. Dctrs may give us sme medicine, and the medicine ften makes us feel better.
But smetimes the dctr’s medicine desn’t wrk. This happened t ne man, Thmas Smith. He was ill in hspital, but he wasn’t getting well. Then he fund a new “dctr” inside himself. He saw funny films. He read funny bks. And smething wnderful happened. Laughing tk away his pain after half a year. He culd have a gd night’s rest. His wn happy feeling helped him get well again. He wrte his stry in his bk. He said laughing was very useful. It was the best “medicine”.
Anther man, Simn Beck, was als ill, and he had a serius pain in his back. The dctr culdn’t stp it, s the man began t “picture” his pain. In his head he “drew” a picture f a dg. He imagined it t be a real dg. And it was hurting him. Then the man talked sftly t the dg. He put his hand n the dg’s head and made friends with it. One year later, his pain went away!
These stries may surprise yu, but mre and mre peple are getting well in this way. S call n the “dctr” inside yur mind, and keep happy and well!
71. Where was Thmas Smith’s new “dctr”?(根据短文内容回答问题)
72. What did Simn Beck begin t d when the dctr culdn’t stp his pain?(根据短文内容回答问题)
73. Wh spent less time taking away the pain, Thmas Smith r Simn Beck?(根据短文内容回答问题)
74. In the passage the underlined wrd “It” refers t (指) ________ .
75. The tpic sentence (主题句) in this passage is “ ” .
【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了两位病人通过自己的方式让病好起来的故事。从中得出一个道理：让疾病远离我们最好的治疗方式就是让自己从内心快乐。
【答案】
71. Inside himself./Inside his mind.
72.He began t “picture” his pain.
73.Thmas Smith.
74.Laughing
75.call n the “dctr” inside yur mind, and keep happy and well.
【解析】
71. Inside himself./Inside his mind.根据第二段Then he fund a new “dctr” inside himself.可知，Thmas Smith找的“新医生”就在他内心。
72.He began t “picture” his pain.根据第三段The dctr culdn’t stp it, s the man began t “picture” his pain. 可知，当医生不能治疗他的疼痛时，他就开始自己在脑中“图画”疼痛。
73.Thmas Smith.根据第二段Laughing tk away his pain after half a year.及第三段One year later, his pain went away!可知，Thmas Smith花费的时间短，比Simn Beck短半年的时间。
74.Laughing 根据前句He said laughing was very useful.可知，笑非常有用，这里的it就是指“笑”，笑是最好的药。
75.call n the “dctr” inside yur mind, and keep happy and well.第四段是全文的总结，根据前面的两个实例得到一个总结：call n the “dctr” inside yur mind, and keep happy and well!这也就是本篇文章的主题句。
(2019辽宁锦州)Passage D 根据短文内容完成短文后的任务，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。（共10分，每小题2分）
Wen Xinrui, a student frm Shanghai, tgether with her family, is seeing the great changes f China in recent years.
Wen’s grandparents have been enjying free health checks fr peple aged abve 65 since 2013. It was hard t imagine in the past. The river near Wen’s huse used t be dirty and give ut a terrible smell. But last year, (C) it was cleaned up and trees were planted n bth sides. Nw there are even fish swimming in it.
Frm 2013 t 2016, 55.64 millin peple in (A) ________ have been lifted ut f pverty(贫困). This means their persnal incme(收入) has increased t mre than 3, 000 yuan a mnth. China aims t(力求达到) make all the peple get ut f pverty by 2020.
Als, China nw has mre than 22, 000 kilmeters f high-speed lines. That’s abut 60 percent f the wrld’s ttal high-speed railways.
Such prgress can’t have been made withut the leadership f the Cmmunist Party f China. (D) As the ruling party in China, the Party has mre than 89 millin members. They are frm all walks f life(各行各业). They have a big influence n bth the gvernment and peple’s lives.
Accrding (B) ________ President Xi Jinping, ur scialism(社会主义) with Chinese characteristics(特色) has entered a new era(时代). The Party must always put peple first and cntinue wrking hard t help peple live better and happier lives.
66. 在文中(A)和(B)的空白处分别填入适当的词：________ ___________
67. 文中划线部分(C)指代的是：____________
68. 将文中画线部分(D)改写成为：As the ruling party in China, the Party has _________89 millin members ________ are frm all walks f life.
69. 从文中找出两个能体现中国人民生活的形容词：________ ________
70. 从文中找出能说明本文中心大意的单词或短语：___________
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。来自上海的学生温新蕊和她的家人一起见证了中国近几年的伟大变化。像65岁以上老人免费体检、社区环境治理、扶贫、高速铁路建设等等。这些进步都离不开中国共产党的领导。
【答案】66. China, t 67. the river(near Wen’s huse) 68. ver, that/wh 69. Better/gd, happier/happy 70. (the) great changes (f China)/ further imprvement

(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔) (F)
I am a plastic bttle. A week ag, I was n a supermarket shelf. I had a nrmal life, the same as all my brthers and sisters—ther bttles full (A) water. I felt really happy.
Then a tall wman picked me up and put me in her basket! The wman tk me hme and put me in the fridge. I felt cld, but I sn made friends with the cans and bttles in it. Hwever, nly a few hurs later, she tk me ut f the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me int a dustbin. (C) I felt very lnely.
Early the next mrning, a man tk me ut f a dustbin. He threw me and the ther rubbish int the back f a truck. There were s many terrible smells. Then I was pushed tgether with the rest f the rubbish. Sn I was cmpletely flat (压扁). I culdn’t believe hw thin I became.
I slept fr a while. When I wke up, I fund (B) in a terrible place. Everything arund me was ugly and had terrible smells. I felt afraid. I kept expecting that I wuld be mved smewhere else. Then huge trucks came and cvered (D) us with a layer (层) f sil.
I asked anther bttle what wuld happen t us. He said that we wuld never leave this terrible crwded place, but wuld have t stay here fr thusands f years.
“Why can’t they reuse us?” I cried.
阅读短文，根据题目要求完成下列任务。(每小题2分，共10分)
76.根据句意提示，在文中(A)、(B)两处各填上一个适当的词。
72将文中(C)处画线部分改为感叹句。
78.根据首字母，在文中找出一个与英语释义相匹配的单词。
b______: feel certain that smething is true r that smebdy is telling yu the truth
79.在文中找出(D)处划线单词us所指代的内容。
80在文中找出两个能够修饰塑料瓶周围环境的形容词。
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙用文。以一个塑料瓶子的口吻，描述了自己从商店好垃圾场，再到终生埋在地下的经历。最后发出呐喊“为什么不回收利用我们？”表达了环保的意愿。
【答案】
76. f; myself
77.Hw lnely I felt!
78. believe
79.me and the ther rubbish/ me and the rest f the rubbish/ me and everything arund me
80. ugly; terrible; crwded（选择任意两个即可）
(2019黑龙江绥化)(D )
Maybe Yu Shuld Learn t Relax!
These days, Chinese children are smetimes busier n weekends than weekdays because they have t take s many after-schl classes. Many f them are learning exam skills s that they can get int a gd high schl and later a gd university. Others are practicing sprts s that they can cmpete and win. Hwever, this desn't nly happen in China.
Dctrs say t much pressure is nt gd fr a child's develpment. Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lt f stress fr children. “Kids shuld have time t relax and think fr themselves, t. It's nrmal t want successful children, but it’s mre imprtant t have happy children.”
根据短文内容，结合生活实际完成下列各题。（87小题1分，88、89每小题2分,共5分）
87. 单词释义(请在文中找出与下面英文释义相符的单词）
a test at schl r cllege t see hw much yu knw abut a subject ___________
88. D yu ften take after-schl classes n weekends?
________________________
89. What d yu ften d when yu are under pressure?
I ften __________.(答出两种即可）
【主旨大意】近来中国的的孩子们感到周末比平时更忙，主要是因为周末要参加各种辅导班。这给孩子们带来了许多压力。医生说这对孩子的发展不好，应该让孩子放松。
87.exam
, I d.或N./N, I dn’t.
89.d sprts and/r read bks. (listen t music, g shpping, talk t parents...)
七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。
(2019·山东东营) Reading is fun! Besides fr fun, we can als analyze (分析) texts t learn mre frm the texts and mre abut the texts. One way we can d this is by finding ut the theme f the texts.
The theme f a text is the “big idea” that runs thrugh the text, cnnecting the characters and events. It is what the writer wants t tell us thrugh the stry. Usually the theme f a text isn’t tld directly, yu have t use clues (线索) in the text t find it ut. 83 Themes can be ideas like family, friendship, lve and s n. The theme might nt be just ne wrd, but it might be an idea such as “Friendship is imprtant.” There may als be mre than ne theme in a stry. Hw can we find ut the theme f a text? The fllwing steps may help yu.
Read thrugh the whle text. Usually characters change as the stry ges n, s the theme yu get at the beginning might nt be true at the end! Fr this reasn, yu need t read thrugh the whle text first.
Find ut the clue. After reading the whle text, try t answer the fllwing questins. What imprtant events happened during the stry? What was the prblem? Hw did the prblem get slved? Hw did the character(s) change? What did the character(s) learn? The answers may help yu t get the clues.
Get the big idea. Read again fr the writer’s purpse f the text by answering the fllwing questins. Was mst f the plt(情节) arund friendship? Did the characters slve prblems with their families? Did the main character learn the imprtance f friendship? If ne f the answers is “yes”, yu may get the big idea.
Check the big idea ut. If yu’ve fund a “big idea”, g thrugh the text t find the evidence (证据) that supprts this idea in the text. Fr example, if there was nly ne small prblem with a character’s family, then “family” might nt be the theme f the text. Yu might find mre evidence fr ther themes.
Have yu gt the way t find ut the theme f a text? 84 Get yur favrite bk quickly and see if yu can find the theme ut!
A. 根据短文内容简要回答问题。
81. What is the theme f a text?
____________________________________________________________.
82. What are the fur steps t find ut the theme f a text? List them all.
____________________________________________________________.
B. 将短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
83._________________________________________________________________
84.__________________________________________________________________
C. 请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
85. ___________________________________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。短文主要谈论了文章的“主题”以及如何弄清楚一篇短文的主题。
81.①It /The theme f a text is the “big idea” that runs thrugh the text, cnnecting the characters and events.
②It/ The theme f a text is the “big idea” that runs thrugh the text.
③ It /The theme f a text is what the writer wants t tell us thrugh the stry.
④It /The theme f a text is the “big idea” that runs thrugh the text, cnnecting the characters and events. It is what the writer wants t tell us thrugh the stry. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段首句The theme f a text is the “big idea” that runs thrugh the text, cnnecting the characters and events. 可知答案。
82. Read thrugh the whle text, find ut the clue, get the big idea, check the big idea ut. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：弄清楚一篇文章的主题的四个步骤分别是什么？把它们都列举出来。根据原文第三段到第六段，每一段的首句可知答案。
83. 主题可以是像家庭、友谊、爱等(观点)。
84. 赶快拿出你最喜欢的书来看一下你是否能找出(它的)主题。
85. ①Hw can we /yu find ut the theme f a text?
②Hw can we /yu find ut the big idea f a text?
③Hw t find ut the theme f a text
④Hw t find ut the big idea f a text
⑤The way t find ut the theme f a text
⑥The way t find ut the big idea f a text
⑦Fur steps t find ut the theme f a text
⑧Fur steps t find ut the big idea f a text
⑨Steps t find ut the theme f a text
⑩Steps t find ut the big idea f a text
题材：议论文
话题：合作与交流
词数：367
体裁：议论文
话题：交际交往
话题：日常生活
词数：309
体裁：说明文
话题：科学技术
词数：223
体裁
记叙文
话题：2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人
话题：8. 人际交往
话题：24.（82）故事
词数
226
题材
记叙文
话题
故事
词数
319
体裁：应用文
话题：8.人际交往
话题：(27) 合作与交流
词数：216
题材：记叙文
话题：24. (82) 故事
词数：219
体裁
说明文
话题
文化
词数
206
体裁
记叙文
话题
爱好
词数
172
题材
议论文
话题
12. 饮食 (37) 食物（Fd）
13. 卫生与健康
(45) 健康饮食
词数
348
体裁：议论文
话题：29. 社会热点
词数：210
体裁：议论文
话题：22. 科普知识
话题：27. 生活技能
词数：266
体裁：议论文
话题：4. 日常活动 (13) 家庭生活 (14) 学校生活
话题：8. 人际交往
词数：244
体裁
记叙文
话题
学校生活
词数
271
体裁：说明文
话题：19. 语言学习
词数：234
题材：记叙文
话题：19. 语言与文化
词数：212
体裁
说明文
话题
文化
词数
183
体裁：说明文
话题：(68) 动物
词数：179
题材：说明文
话题：19体态语
词数：379
体裁：说明文
话题：20自然(69) 人与自然
话题：21世界与环境
(73) 国家与民族
词数：242
体裁：记叙文
话题：(82) 故事 (Stries)
(46) 医疗 (Medical care)
词数：244
题材：记叙文
话题：3. 周围的环境
(12) 社区
词数：258
题材：记叙文
话题：74环境保护
词数：258
题材：记叙文
话题：4 周末活动
词数：122
体裁
议论文
话题
6．个人兴趣之爱好；
19. 语言学习之语言学习的策略
词数
393