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【期中模拟】外研版2019 2023-2024学年高一下册英语 期中考试模拟卷
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这是一份【期中模拟】外研版2019 2023-2024学年高一下册英语 期中考试模拟卷，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， 发出邀请；， 词汇激活等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t “Cash Pr Pints Rich”, a new travel blg dedicated t sharing experience with credit card pints and miles t help yu get big travel but fr small spend. With the right planning and maximizatin f available resurces, traveling as a cllege student may be easier than yu think.
Chengdu, China
If visiting a place with happy lcals is a pririty fr yu, there's n better city t hit than Chengdu. It is hme t pandas and spicy things. Mrever, the city's abundance f cultural and histrical sights, tgether with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself ne f the mst attractive and livable large cities t. Past travelers have spent, n average, ￥158 n meals and abut a quarter f that n lcal transprtatin fr ne day.
Cn Da, Vietnam
Turism is picking up in Vietnam lately, where yu can travel fr abut ¥ 100 per day if yu play yur cards right. Cn Da Island Natin Park, a grup f dramatic tiny islands ff the suthern cast, is a great destinatin t see sea turtles and ther wildlife while explring the area n ft. Its thick jungle will give yu a gd chance t uncver a paradise f yur wn.
Zakynths, Greece
If yu're lking fr an affrdable Eurpean summer beach vacatin, cnsider Zakynths. Fd is cheap and muthwatering. There are plenty f free things t d. althugh the favrite is spending time n the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are cuntless ptins fr swimming in the appealing sea, alng with charming villages and museums t explre.
New Orleans, U. S.
New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U. S., full f fascinating histry, absrbing culture, delicius fd, and a cnstantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a cuple f hstels in and near the French Quarter that ffer reasnable accmmdatin rates fr students.
1．Which city best suits peple wh like t meet cheerful natives?
A．Chengdu. B．Cn Da.
C．Zakynths. D．New Orleans.
2．What d Cn Da and Zakynths have in cmmn?
A．Cuntless lcal cultures.
B．Free turist attractins.
C．Impressive sea views.
D．Large charming museums.
3．Wh may be the target readers f this passage?
A．Parents arranging family trips.
B．Students explring affrdable destinatins.
C．Elders lking fr quiet destinatins.
D．Businessmen seeking high-end htels.
B
Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up f a grup f grandmthers with a strng lve fr knitting (编织) wh tum their lve fr crafting int a purpseful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pur their cllective lve int every stitch (针法) they make. The grup has been wrking fr ver ten years, meeting every Friday, t supprt rganizatins that help thers, lcally and arund the wrld. Over the years, they've crafted thusands f items in supprt f the imprtant things.
Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stver was inspired t have the grup knit hats fr infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children's Health Hspital. The hats, each a unique wrk f art, designed with hliday themes, reflect the skill f the Knit Wits. Mre imprtantly, the special f Knit Wits is its understanding f the emtinal effect these small bjects can have n the infants experiencing medical treatments.
Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children's Health Hspital, explained hw the hats are making a difference t the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able t wear the hats n their bdy t mve their smells befre placing the hats back n the infants, encuraging cnnecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.
Thrughut the infants' admissin, many hlidays are celebrated. At times, sme infants are seriusly ill and unable t dress up fr hliday phts the families have planned. Thanks t the dnatins frm Knit Wits, the hspital team is able t prve the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use fr their phts and hliday celebratins.
4．What d we knw abut the hats frm paragraph 2?
A．They centre n spiritual cmfrt.
B．They have hliday fd subjects.
C．They are knitted by the caregivers
D．They are wrn n child parents' birthdays.
5．Why d the caregivers wear the hats first?
A．T hld an artistic activity.
B．T see ff the recvered patients.
C．T relax the infants fr treatments
D．T welcme the arrival f varius hlidays.
6．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Why sme hliday celebratins are held.
B．What the hats can be used as n hlidays.
C．Why sme special phts are imprtant.
D．What the hats can be matched with.
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe the members f Knit Wits?
A．UnsuccessfulB．Impractical.C．Warm-heartedD．Dishnest.
C
Vast lands f America are dminated by crn, nearly 100macres f it, stretching frm Ohi t the Daktas. What nce was frest tday prduces the crn that feeds peple, cattle and, when made int ethanl (乙醇), cars.
Nw, the natin's airlines want t pwer their planes with crn, t. United Airlines signed a deal with a Nebraska ethanl cmpany t buy enugh sustainable fuel, t pwer 50,000 flights a year. The gvernment culd decide n its tax incentives (税收激励) fr the industry as sn as December. “Mark my wrds, the next 20 years, crn farmers are ging t prvide 95% f all the sustainable airline fuel,” President Biden said in July.
The airlines' ambitius gal wuld likely require nearly dubling ethanl prductin, which airlines say, with great expectatin, wuld decrease their greenhuse gas emissins. If they succeed, it culd transfrm America's Crn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanl prducers, but ptentially further damaging ne f the natin's mst imprtant resurces: grundwater.
Crn requires a lt f water t grw and it can take hundreds f gallns t prduce a single galln f ethanl. But as airlines take the idea f ethanl, the vital grundwater faces serius risks. “We're n track t massively increase water usage withut any real sense f hw sensitive ur grundwater is,” said Jeffrey Brberg, wh is cncerned abut grundwater in Minnesta, a majr crn state.
The Department f Energy said in a statement that “water use is a critical part f the cnversatin surrunding bi-energy sustainability”. It pinted t a 2022 department study that cncluded that the United States culd significantly reduce pressure n grundwater by shifting fuel prductin away frm water-intensive crps like crn, instead grwing mre crps that dn't require irrigatin (灌溉), like varius types f straw, grasses and trees.
Hpefully, a better apprach will be sn studied and adpted.
8．What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Farmers will increase 95% f their ethanl prductin.
B．The sustainable fuel will nt be ppular in the future.
C．Crn will be an influential surce in the fuel industry.
D．The gvernment stps the new fuel fr the grundwater.
9．What des the underlined wrd “stimulating” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Preventing.B．Mtivating.C．Destrying.D．Impressing.
10．What is the ptential risk f the increased use f ethanl in fuel?
A．The shrtage f crn prductin.
B．The increase in glbal warming.
C．A rise in clean-energy tax credits.
D．Higher stress n the grundwater.
11．What did the 2022 study suggest accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Expand the crn planting area.
B．Use sme alternative materials.
C．Cut dwn the daily water usage.
D．Turn t the gvernment fr help.
D
The design thery behind a pair f tiny rbts may ne day find its way int envirnmental mnitring, as well as search and-rescue tasks. Mdeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the tw rbts each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functinal micr-rbts in the wrld, accrding t Washingtn State University (WSU).
Develped by a team f WSU researchers, the rbts' tininess largely relies n a material knwn as a shape memry ally (合金). Althugh shape memry allys change frm when heated, they can “remember” their riginal shapes and return t them after cling. Because f this, the tw micr-rbts d nt require standard mtrs, and they use light and small nes instead f bulky mving parts.
Bth the rbts' mtrs are each made up f tw shape memry allys, allwing them t mve their fins as fast as 40 times a secnd while als lifting ver 150 times their weight. “They're very technlgically sund. The develpment f the very lightweight rbts pens up new pssibilities in micr-rbtics,” said Cnr Trygstad, a material engineering PhD student and study lead authr. “Althugh the rbts are impressive when cmpared t ther rbts, the pair still fall behind their bilgical relatives',” Trygstad said. They can currently mve at a speed f abut six millimeters a secnd; a water strider, by cmparisn, speeds alng at abut a meter per secnd. Fr nw, the rbts als require wired (连线的) pwer surces, thus seriusly preventing any real-wrld applicatins fr the mment.
Ging frward, hwever, the team plans t cpy ther small insect species while als creating a new water strider rbt which can mve at a higher speed. Depending n using small batteries culd als greatly increase the rbts' areas f use, If the breakthrugh designs cntinue imprving, similar micr-rbts culd ne day be emplyed t mnitr hard-t-reachr dangerus envirnments.
12．What is the inspiratin fr the tw rbts?
A．A special mnitr.B．The lightest micr rbt.
C．An insect species.D．A search-and rescue task
13．What des the underlined wrd “bulky” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Cheap.B．Huge.C．ClD．Fast.
14．What might Cnr Trygstad agree with?
A．Bth rbts can identify sund.B．Bth rbts need wireless pwer surces.
C．Bth rbts wrk better than water striders.D．Bth rbts have weaknesses besides strengths.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Rbts Are Saving Envirnment B．Shape Memry Allys Are The Key
C．Human Beings Learn Frm AnimalsD．Tw Micr rbts Can Play A Big Part
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Stay Awake During Schl
If yu've ever pulled an all-nighter r had a bad night f sleep, yu knw it's difficult t stay awake in class when yu're tired S hw t keep yurself awake? 16________
Taking part in class
17 ______They are great ways t frce yurself t stay awake because they require yur mind and yur bdy t wrk tgether. T effectively listen t yur teacher, yu shuld try t maintain eye cntact, face the speaker, and pay clse attentin. Als, grup discussins are a great time t keep yurself awake. Try t sit yurself near peple wh always vlunteer in class and have a lt t say in discussin.
Keeping yur bdy active
Walk arund befre r after class 18 _____Fr example, g utside during breaks and get yur bld mving t keep yur bdy awake. Besides, yu can stretch a little in yur chair t help yu feel refreshed. Yu can start by rlling yur wrists, shulders, and neck. After yu stp mving, yu might feel tired again, but it can help a little bit.
19 _____
Whether yur class is in the mrning; afternn, r evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help yu fight tiredness 20_____ But yu shuld avid heavy fds right befre class as they can make yu sleepy. By the way, especially in a class, a bttle f cld water can kick in right when yu might start sleeping. Cme t class with a bttle f cld water. Yu'll als get a little energy frm the cldness every time yu take a drink.
A．Preparing a little bit drinks
B．Staying awake with fd and drinks.
C．Here are sme creative strategies yu can get with
D．Physical activity tells yur bdy it's nt time fr sleep
E．The fd will give yu energy and help yu stay awake
F．Yu'll be near peple wh are mre likely t jin the class
G．Listen actively t the lessn and discuss with yur classmates
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A frest after a wildfire
Thrughut my career, I've had many chances t enter varius wildfire areas. But I've 21 _____had the pprtunity t see the immediate scene after a fire.
S when I 22______ int a recently burned frest, my first reactin was the deathly 23 ___hung in the air. There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises. It felt as if life itself had ttally 24_____frm this place. What was even wrse, the burned-ut frest meant that a large amunt f 25____ alngside the rad was n lnger 26 ____by the under-grwth (灌木丛) . Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—yu name it, and yu can find it.
Knwing there was a stry here that needed 27 ____ , I raised my camera with a heavy heart, n matter hw 28 _____. Phtgraphing burned-ut areas is 29 _____ , since there is really nly a bunch f burned-ut wd. Thrugh my lenses, I sught t cnnect viewers t the 30 ____f the disaster.
Fr a nature phtgrapher passinate abut envirnmental prtectin, it's imprtant t 31____ the ugly as well as the beautiful. We need t put thse tw things tgether, s while 32 ______hpe, we are aware f what has been taken frm us, and hw 33_____ that lss can be. Withut that balance, we risk becming used t a wrld shaped by destructin and nt the ne f 34_____ . Nature will regenerate, but nw, we must cnsider what 35_____ we humans play in that prcess, t.
21．A．rarelyB．merelyC．usually D．pssibly
22．A．sankB．ranC．brkeD．stepped
23．A．threatB．warningC．silenceD．charm
24．A．set apartB．faded awayC．spread utD．bunced back
25．A．smkeB．pllutinC．trashD．prduct
26．A．hiddenB．prtectedC．btheredD．held
27．A．writingB．tellingC．adaptingD．cntinuing
28．A．painfulB．strangeC．ppularD．dangerus
29．A．appealingB．rewardingC．surprisingD．challenging
30．A．descriptinB．crueltyC．impressinD．recvery
31．A．rememberB．enhanceC．cnfirmD．recrd
32．A．maintainingB．abandningC．requiringD．receiving
33．A．inspiringB．refreshingC．damagingD．astnishing
34．A．beliefB．fantasyC．imaginatinD．harmny
35．A．gameB．rleC．ruleD．Idea
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ice and snw warm up winter turism in Nrtheast China. Lately, the ppularity f ice and snw turism in Nrtheast China 36 ____(explde). Majr ht springs resrts in Harbin 37_____ (crwd)with traffic jams cmparable t the Spring Festival travel rush and travelers frm the suth f China make up a large part f the turism crwd.
Hw d yu tell the sutherners 38____ nrtherners? Suthern Chinese peple can be summarized in fur characteristics: a light-clred dwn jacket, a lvely small hat, a suitcase in hand and 39____ (shy)in public bath huses.
Sutherners are less prepared fr the cld. Sme individuals nline are prviding practical suggestins fr these sutherners, stressing the need fr clthing that 40 _____(prtect)them frm the freezing utdr temperatures while ensuring they dn’t sweat 41____(heavy)indrs.
In rder t prmte travel fr turists, Harbin has extended the perating 42 _____(hur)f buses and subways. Accrding t 43____ annuncement frm the Harbin gvernment, the ice and snw seasn in Harbin will cntinue until the end f March 2024. Fr travelers 44_____ (try)t avid peak perids, it’s advisable t plan visits after New Year’s Day and Spring Festival, 45 _____turist traffic is at its peak.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校外教Mike对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可适当增加细节。
Dear Mike,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never a fast runner and thus I always didn’t like running. Thrughut my childhd, whenever we cmpeted in the 50-meter run, the 400-meter, r any ther type f race, I wuld finish in the bttm half. In my late teens, as a member f a baseball team, I was the slwest runner n the team. In the preseasn training, I was always the ne running by myself at the end.
Therefre, twenty years later, when I entered my first fficial running race — a 3,000-meter challenge in my city — at age 38, I certainly didn’t expect t win r cme clse t winning.
I was there because my cllege friend Jim Hsek was the directr f the race, and he asked me t run. The race was aimed at raising mney fr the unfrtunate patients in a hspital and encuraging the patients and their families t be brave, determined, and cnfident with sprtsmanship.
It was a heartwarming prgram.I wanted t supprt it, s I shwed up, paid the entrance fee, had a number pinned (把……别住) n my back, and mved ver t the starting line. There, I waited with abut 300 ther runners fr the race t begin. I was nervus. Wuld I be the last ne t finish a race again? Culd I even finish the race? I wndered.
Befre lng, smene spke int a micrphne, “Anyne weighing ver 200 punds cmes dwn t the scale (秤), please.” Knwing I was ver 200 punds, I walked dwn t the scale. A man tld me t stand n it. “Tw hundred and three punds,” he said. Then he wrte dwn the race number that was n my back. Out f curisity, I asked him why he did s,and then I was tld there wuld be an award ceremny (仪式) after the race. One award was fr the first finisher in the ver 200-pund grup, and this special award wuld be annunced at the end f the ceremny.
Nt expecting the award, I ran twards the starting line, never realizing there were nly tw runners weighing ver 200 punds.
Paragraph 1:
Sn after, the race started.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Then came the last award, and t my surprise, my name was annunced.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
全解全析
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花最少的钱实现旅游。
1．细节理解题。根据原文Chengdu, China部分中提到的“If visiting a place with happy lcals is a pririty fr yu, there’s n better city t hit than Chengdu.(如果您想去一个有快乐当地人的地方，那么没有比成都更好的城市了。)”可知，成都是最适合想要遇见悠闲、无忧无虑本地人的人。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Cn Da,Vietnam(越南昆岛)部分的 “Cn Da Island Natin Park, a grup f dramatic tiny islands ff the suthern cast, is a great destinatin t see sea turtles and ther wildlife while explring the area n ft.(孔岛国家公园是南部海岸附近的一组引人注目的小岛，是徒步探索该地区时看到海龟和其他野生动物的好去处。)”及Zakynths, Greece部分的“There are plenty f free things t d, althugh the favrite is spending time n the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water.(这里有很多免费的事情可以做，尽管最受欢迎的是在蔚蓝的海水边美丽的海滩上度过时光。)”可知，两地都可以看到迷人的海景。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段提及“…a new travel blg dedicated t sharing experience with credit card pints and miles t help yu get big travel but fr small spend. With the right planning and maximizatin f available resurces, traveling as a cllege student may be easier than yu think. (……一个旅游博客，致力于分享信用卡积分和里程的使用经验，帮助您花小钱享受大旅游。只要计划得当，最大限度地利用现有资源，大学生旅行可能比你想象的要容易得多。)以及每段中都体现出该旅游地的实惠和便宜。因此推断探索经济实惠的目的地的学生最有可能是目标读者，故选 B。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。Knit Wits是一个由一群奶奶组成的非营利组织，这群奶奶为Children’s Health Hspital患有心脏病的幼儿送上她们手工编织的帽子。这些幼儿可以戴上帽子庆祝节假日和拍照。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stver was inspired t have the grup knit hats fr infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children’s Health Hspital, The hats, each a unique wrk f art, designed with hliday themes, reflect the skill f the Knit Wits. Mre imprtantly, the special f Knit Wits is its understanding f the emtinal effect these small bjects can have n the infants experiencing medical treatments.(最近，Knit Wits的成员Mary Ann Stver受到启发，为儿童健康医院患有心脏病的婴儿患者编织帽子。每顶帽子都是独特的艺术品，以节日主题设计，反映了Knit Wits的技能。更重要的是，Knit Wits的特别之处在于它理解这些小物件对正在接受治疗的婴儿的情感影响)”可知，这些帽子的作用主要是安抚幼儿。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children’s Health Hspital, explained hw the hats are making a difference t the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able t wear the hats n their bdy t mve their smells befre placing the hats back n the infants, encuraging cnnecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.(Bealle是儿童健康医院的认证儿童生活专家，他解释了这些帽子是如何对小病人和他们的家庭产生影响的。他说:“看护人可以先把帽子戴在身上，然后再把帽子戴回婴儿身上，这样可以促进联系，减轻婴儿的压力。”)”可知，照料者先戴帽子的是让接受治疗的幼儿放松。故选C项。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thrughut the infants’ admissin, many hlidays are celebrated. At times, sme infants are seriusly ill and unable t dress up fr hliday phts the families have planned. Thanks t the dnatins frm Knit Wits, the hspital team is able t prve the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use fr their phts and hliday celebratins.(在婴儿入院期间，人们庆祝许多节日。有时，一些婴儿病得很严重，无法为家人计划的节日照片打扮。多亏了Knit Wits的捐赠，医院团队才能够为家庭提供合适的主题婴儿帽，供他们拍照和节日庆祝)”可知，本段的主要内容是这些帽子在节日里的作用。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up f a grup f grandmthers with a strng lve fr knitting (编织) wh tum their lve fr crafting int a purpseful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pur their cllective lve int every stitch (针法) they make. The grup has been wrking fr ver ten years, meeting every Friday, t supprt rganizatins that help thers, lcally and arund the wrld. Over the years, they’ve crafted thusands f items insupprt f the imprtant things.(总部位于达拉斯的Knit Wits由一群对编织有着强烈热爱的祖母组成，她们将对手工艺的热爱转化为有目的的尝试。他们定期见面，把集体的爱倾注到他们做的每一件事上。该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织。多年来，她们精心制作了数千件物品来支持重要的事情)”以及纵观全文可知，Knit Wits的成员是一群祖母组成，该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织，所以她们是热心的。故选C项。
8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲现在美国的航空公司希望用玉米为飞机提供动力。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“What nce was frest tday prduces the crn that feeds peple, cattle and, when made int ethanl(乙醇), cars.(昔日的森林如今变成了玉米地，可以供养人、养牛，在玉米制成乙醇后，还能为汽车提供燃料。)”和第二段中的“ Nw, the natin’s airlines want t pwer their planes with crn, t.(现在，美国的航空公司也想用玉米为飞机提供燃料。)”可知，玉米将成为燃料工业中有影响力的来源。故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The airlines’ ambitius gal wuld likely require nearly dubling ethanl prductin, which airlines say, with great expectatin, wuld decrease their greenhuse gas emissins. If they succeed, it culd transfrm America’s Crn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanl prducers, but ptentially further damaging ne f the natin’s mst imprtant resurces: grundwater.(航空公司雄心勃勃的目标可能需要将乙醇产量增加近一倍，航空公司满怀期望地表示，乙醇产量将减少温室气体排放。如果他们成功了，这可能会改变美国的玉米带， 农民和乙醇生产商，但可能会进一步损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水。)”以及从该词后的 but可知， stimulating 和后文的“damaging ne f the natin’s mst imprtant resurces: grundwater.(损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水)”构成转折关系，所以猜测 stimulating应表示“刺激”。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Crn requires a lt f water t grw and it can take hundreds f gallns t prduce a single galln f ethanl. But as airlines take the idea f ethanl, the vital grundwater faces serius risks. (玉米的生长需要大量的水，而生产一加仑乙醇可能需要数百加仑的水。但随着航空公司采用乙醇的想法，重要的地下水面临着严重的风险。)”可知，燃料中乙醇使用增加的潜在风险是对地下水的压力更大。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It pinted t a 2022 department study that cncluded that the United States culd significantly reduce pressure n grundwater by shifting fuel prductin away frm water-intensive crps like crn, instead grwing mre crps that dn’t require irrigatin(灌溉), like varius types f straw, grasses and trees. Hpefully, a better apprach will be sn studied and adpted.(它指出，2022年国务院的一项研究得出结论，美国可以通过将燃料生产从玉米等耗水作物转向种植更多不需要灌溉的作物，如各种类型的秸秆、草和树木，来显著减轻地下水压力。希望不久将研究并采用一种更好的方法。)”可知，2022年的研究建议使用一些替代材料来生产燃料。故选B项。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mdeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the tw rbts each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functinal micr-rbts in the wrld, accrding t Washingtn State University (WSU).(根据华盛顿州立大学的说法，这两个机器人以水黾和昆虫为模型，各重8毫克和55毫克，可能是世界上最小、最轻、最快的全功能微型机器人)”可知，这两个机器人的灵感是昆虫种类。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“the tw micr-rbts d nt require standard mtrs, and they use light and small nes instead f”可知，这两个微型机器人不需要标准的马达，它们使用轻而小的马达代替巨大沉重的运动部件。故划线词意思是“巨大的”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段““Althugh the rbts are impressive when cmpared t ther rbts, the pair still fall behind their bilgical relatives’,” Trygstad said. They can currently mve at a speed f abut six millimeters a secnd; a water strider, by cmparisn, speeds alng at abut a meter per secnd.(特里格斯塔德说：“尽管与其他机器人相比，这两个机器人令人印象深刻，但它们仍然落后于它们的生物学亲戚。”它们目前的移动速度约为每秒6毫米；相比之下，水黾的速度约为每秒一米)”可知，Cnr Trygstad认为两个机器人除了优点之外都有缺点。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The design thery behind a pair f tiny rbts may ne day find its way int envirnmental mnitring, as well as search and-rescue tasks.(一对微型机器人背后的设计理论可能有一天会用于环境监测，以及搜索和救援任务)”结合文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。可知，D选项“两个微型机器人可以大有作为”最符合文章标题。故选D。
16．C 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们在课堂上能够保持清醒。
16．根据空前的“S hw t keep yurself awake?(那么如何让自己保持清醒呢？)”可知，空前提出疑问“如何保持清醒？”。而下文则介绍了一些具体的保持清醒的方法。选项C“Here are sme creative strategies yu can get with(这里有一些你可以采用的创意策略)”承上启下，即承接上文回答了疑问，同时引出下文的具体策略。故选C。
17．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文的“They are great ways t frce yurself t stay awake because they require yur mind and yur bdy t wrk tgether. T effectively listen t yur teacher, yu shuld try t maintain eye cntact, face the speaker, and pay clse attentin. Als, grup discussins are a great time t keep yurself awake. Try t sit yurself near peple wh always vlunteer in class and have a lt t say in discussin.(它们是强迫自己保持清醒的好方法，因为它们需要你的大脑和身体一起工作。为了有效地听老师讲课，你应该试着保持目光接触，面对演讲者，并集中注意力。此外，小组讨论是让你保持清醒的好时机。试着坐在那些总是主动在课堂上发言，在讨论中有很多话要说的人旁边)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上课时需要专注，同时参加小组讨论。选项G“Listen actively t the lessn and discuss with yur classmates(积极听讲，与同学讨论)”与本段内容相符。故选G。
18．根据空前的“Walk arund befre r after class(课前或课后四处走走)”可知，作者建议课前课后多走动。选项D“Physical activity tells yur bdy it’s nt time fr sleep(运动告诉你的身体现在不是睡觉的时候)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是课前课后多走动，会告诉自己的身体现在不是睡觉的时候。这样有助于课堂上保持清醒。故选D。
19．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Whether yur class is in the mrning; afternn, r evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help yu fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”以及“By the way, especially in a class, a bttle f cld water can kick in right when yu might start sleeping. Cme t class with a bttle f cld water. Yu’ll als get a little energy frm the cldness every time yu take a drink.(顺便说一下，尤其是在课堂上，一瓶冷水可能会在你开始睡觉的时候起作用。带一瓶冷水来上课。每次你喝水的时候，你也会从寒冷中获得一点能量)”可知，一日三餐以及喝冷水有助于我们保持清醒。选项B“Staying awake with fd and drinks.(吃饱喝足保持清醒)”与本段内容相符。故选B。
20．根据空前的“Whether yur class is in the mrning; afternn, r evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help yu fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”可知，空前讲述的是一日三餐有助于我们保持清醒。选项E“The fd will give yu energy and help yu stay awake(食物会给你能量，帮助你保持清醒)”是上文内容的自然延续，解释了为什么每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助我们对抗疲劳，从而保持清醒。故选E。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了作者进入一片最近被烧毁的森林，看到了被大火烧毁后的景象，作者感悟人类应该意识到自然界的平衡以及在这个过程中发挥应有的作用。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。A. rarely很少；B. merely仅仅；C. usually通常；D. pssibly可能。根据上文“Thrughut my career, I’ve had many chances t enter varius wildfire areas.(在我的职业生涯中，我有很多机会进入不同的野火地区)”以及but表示转折，可知，作者很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. sank下沉；B. ran奔跑；C. brke打破；D. stepped踏入。根据上文“enter varius wildfire areas”以及后文“int a recently burned frest”此处指走进一片最近被烧毁的森林。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. threat威胁；B. warning警告；C. silence沉默；D. charm魅力。根据后文“There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，被烧毁的森林里只有沉默，没有声音。故选C。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：感觉好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。A. set apart分开；B. faded away消失；C. spread ut分散开；D. bunced back迅速恢复。根据上文“There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，没有任何声音，就好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. smke烟雾；B. pllutin污染；C. trash垃圾；D. prduct产品。根据后文“Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—yu name it, and yu can find it.(油罐、玻璃、塑料袋——你能想到的，你都能找到)”可知，此处指灌木丛下的垃圾被显露出来。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. hidden隐藏；B. prtected保护；C. bthered麻烦；D. held举行。根据后文“by the under-grwth”可知，这些垃圾本来被灌木丛所隐藏，因为大火被显露出来。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. writing写；B. telling告诉；C. adapting改编；D. cntinuing继续。根据上文“there was a stry here that needed”指讲述故事应用动词tell。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. painful痛苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. ppular受欢迎的；D. dangerus危险的。根据上文“with a heavy heart”可知，作者看到这一幕感到心痛，还是举起了相机。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拍摄被烧毁的地区是具有挑战性的，因为实际上只有一堆被烧毁的木头。A. appealing吸引人的；B. rewarding值得的；C. surprising惊人的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据后文“since there is really nly a bunch f burned-ut wd”可知，被烧毁的地区只有一堆被烧毁的木头，因此拍摄这些地方让摄影具有挑战性，故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我的镜头，我试图将观众与灾难的残酷联系起来。A. descriptin描述；B. cruelty残酷；C. impressin印象；D. recvery恢复。根据上文“There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”以及后文“f the disaster”可知，此处指火灾的残酷，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一个热爱环境保护的自然摄影师来说，记录美丽的同时也记录丑陋的东西是很重要的。A. remember记得；B. enhance加强；C. cnfirm确认；D. recrd记录。根据上文“a nature phtgrapher”可知，作者是自然摄影师，所以记录美丽的同时也要记录丑陋的东西。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. maintaining维持；B. abandning抛弃；C. requiring需要；D. receiving收到。根据后文“hpe, we are aware f what has been taken frm us”可知，保持希望的同时也要意识到我们失去了什么，故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. refreshing令人耳目一新的；C. damaging破坏的；D. astnishing惊人的。根据后文“that lss can be”以及上文作者进入被烧毁地区的所见，可知应该意识到损失多么惊人，故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种平衡，我们就有可能习惯于一个充满破坏而非和谐的世界。A. belief信念；B. fantasy幻想；C. imaginatin想象力；D. harmny和谐。题干中提到“nt the ne f destructin”，即不是破坏的世界，因此与之相对的是和谐的世界，即“harmny”。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然会再生，但现在，我们必须考虑我们人类在这个过程中也扮演了什么角色。A. game游戏；B. rle角色；C. rule规则；D. idea想法。根据后文“we humans play in that prcess”指人类在过程中扮演的角色，短语为play rle in。故选B。
36．has explded 37．are crwded 38．frm 39．shyness 40．prtects 41．heavily 42．hurs 43．an 44．trying 45．when
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲冰雪为中国东北的冬季旅游带来了温暖。最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。
36．考查时态。句意：最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，the ppularity f ice and snw turism in Nrtheast China，为第三人称单数形式，与explde为主动关系，再根据时间状语Lately可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has explded。
37．考查时态语态。句意：哈尔滨的主要温泉度假胜地挤满了交通堵塞，与春节旅游高峰相当，来自中国南方的游客在旅游人群中占了很大一部分。 分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，Majr ht springs resrts与crwd为被动关系，且这里时态应与本句后面make保持一致，用一般现在时。故填are crwded。
38．考查介词。句意：你如何区分南方人和北方人？分析句子可知，这里考查tell A frm B表“区分或辨别A与B”，为固定搭配。故填frm。
39．考查名词。句意：中国南方人可以概括为四个特点：浅色羽绒服，可爱的小帽子，手里拿着手提箱，在公共澡堂里害羞。分析句子可知，本空应该填shy的名词形式 shyness与前面的“a lvely small hat, a suitcase in hand”并列，且shyness为不可数名词，符合句意。故填shyness。
40．考查主谓一致。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空是定语从句中的谓语，时态应用一般现在时表客观事实，其单复数形式要根据先行词判断。先行词 clthing 是不可数名词，故用单数形式。故填prtects。
41．考查副词。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空用副词 heavily作状语修饰动词sweat，意为“出很多汗”。故填heavily。
42．考查名词复数。句意：为了促进游客出行，哈尔滨延长了公共汽车和地铁的运营时间。perating hurs 指的是“营业时间”，此处 hur需要用复数形式。故填hurs。
43．考查冠词。句意：根据哈尔滨市政府的公告，哈尔滨的冰雪季节将持续到2024年3月底。此处指的是关于冰雪季时间的一项公告，因此选用不定冠词，且annuncement为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
44．考查非谓语。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，travelers与try为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作后置定语。故填trying。
45．考查定语从句。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。此处为非限制定语从句，先行词是 New Year’s Day and Spring Festival，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。
46．Dear Mike,
Hw is it ging? I am writing t invite yu t take part in an upcming “Taste f Chinese Tea” event. Given yur interest, I believe it will be a great chance fr yu t encunter Chinese tea culture.
A variety f activities will be held in ur schl sprtsgrund next Friday. First, yu can appreciate delicate tea sets. Additinally, an engaging prize-giving quiz will satisfy yur curisity abut the histry f Chinese tea. Finally, yu are welcme t enjy a steaming cup f tea alngside snacks with ther participants.
Hpefully yu will experience the richness f Chinese tea culture.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Mike写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。其内容包括：发出邀请和介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→pprtunity
各种各样的：a variety f→all kinds f
首先：first→t begin with
最终：finally→eventually
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, yu can appreciate delicate tea sets.
拓展句：First, yu can appreciate delicate tea sets, which is a feast fr the eyes.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing t invite yu t take part in an upcming “Taste f Chinese Tea” event.（运用了动词不定式作宾语补足语）
[高分句型2] Given yur interest, I believe it will be a great chance fr yu t encunter Chinese tea culture.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句）
47． Sn after, the race started. While I was running, I saw many runners pass me n the way. Minutes later, I already felt tired. Hwever, t encurage thse in need, I tried t shw the best f me, withut wrrying abut the result. I kept mving frward as fast as I culd. After mst runners finished the race, I finally made it t the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied. Shrtly after the race, the award ceremny began and several awards were presented.
Then came the last award, and t my surprise, my name was annunced. Cnfused and excited, I walked up t the winner’s platfrm and was awarded a medal. As the crwd cheered and clapped ludly, I felt warmth in my heart. After the ceremny, I learned frm my friend Jim that there were nly tw runners weighing ver 200 punds. Althugh I nly beat ne persn, Jim praised me fr my determinatin, curage, and kindness. Hnestly, I was prud f myself. This race increased my lve fr running and my cnfidence in myself.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者为了支持朋友负责的跑步比赛，来为医院里不幸的病人筹集资金，在比赛中意外地获奖的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句“不久之后，比赛开始了。”可知，跑步比赛开始了，该段描述跑步比赛的情况。
②由第二段首句“然后是最后一个奖项，令我惊讶的是，我的名字被宣布了。”可知，比赛结束了，在颁奖阶段，作者意外地获奖了。
2. 续写线索：不喜欢跑步——参加跑步比赛——完成比赛——获得奖牌
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①超过：pass
②保持前进：keep frward
③欢呼：cheer
情绪类
①疲惫的：tired
②满意的：satisfied
③疑惑的：cnfused
④兴奋的：excited
【点睛】【高分句型1】While I was running, I saw many runners pass me n the way.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句)w（运用了）
【高分句型2】After the ceremny, I learned frm my friend Jim that there were nly tw runners weighing ver 200 punds.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第一部分阅读 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t “Cash Pr Pints Rich”, a new travel blg dedicated t sharing experience with credit card pints and miles t help yu get big travel but fr small spend. With the right planning and maximizatin f available resurces, traveling as a cllege student may be easier than yu think.
Chengdu, China
If visiting a place with happy lcals is a pririty fr yu, there's n better city t hit than Chengdu. It is hme t pandas and spicy things. Mrever, the city's abundance f cultural and histrical sights, tgether with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself ne f the mst attractive and livable large cities t. Past travelers have spent, n average, ￥158 n meals and abut a quarter f that n lcal transprtatin fr ne day.
Cn Da, Vietnam
Turism is picking up in Vietnam lately, where yu can travel fr abut ¥ 100 per day if yu play yur cards right. Cn Da Island Natin Park, a grup f dramatic tiny islands ff the suthern cast, is a great destinatin t see sea turtles and ther wildlife while explring the area n ft. Its thick jungle will give yu a gd chance t uncver a paradise f yur wn.
Zakynths, Greece
If yu're lking fr an affrdable Eurpean summer beach vacatin, cnsider Zakynths. Fd is cheap and muthwatering. There are plenty f free things t d. althugh the favrite is spending time n the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are cuntless ptins fr swimming in the appealing sea, alng with charming villages and museums t explre.
New Orleans, U. S.
New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U. S., full f fascinating histry, absrbing culture, delicius fd, and a cnstantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a cuple f hstels in and near the French Quarter that ffer reasnable accmmdatin rates fr students.
1．Which city best suits peple wh like t meet cheerful natives?
A．Chengdu. B．Cn Da.
C．Zakynths. D．New Orleans.
2．What d Cn Da and Zakynths have in cmmn?
A．Cuntless lcal cultures.
B．Free turist attractins.
C．Impressive sea views.
D．Large charming museums.
3．Wh may be the target readers f this passage?
A．Parents arranging family trips.
B．Students explring affrdable destinatins.
C．Elders lking fr quiet destinatins.
D．Businessmen seeking high-end htels.
B
Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up f a grup f grandmthers with a strng lve fr knitting (编织) wh tum their lve fr crafting int a purpseful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pur their cllective lve int every stitch (针法) they make. The grup has been wrking fr ver ten years, meeting every Friday, t supprt rganizatins that help thers, lcally and arund the wrld. Over the years, they've crafted thusands f items in supprt f the imprtant things.
Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stver was inspired t have the grup knit hats fr infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children's Health Hspital. The hats, each a unique wrk f art, designed with hliday themes, reflect the skill f the Knit Wits. Mre imprtantly, the special f Knit Wits is its understanding f the emtinal effect these small bjects can have n the infants experiencing medical treatments.
Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children's Health Hspital, explained hw the hats are making a difference t the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able t wear the hats n their bdy t mve their smells befre placing the hats back n the infants, encuraging cnnecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.
Thrughut the infants' admissin, many hlidays are celebrated. At times, sme infants are seriusly ill and unable t dress up fr hliday phts the families have planned. Thanks t the dnatins frm Knit Wits, the hspital team is able t prve the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use fr their phts and hliday celebratins.
4．What d we knw abut the hats frm paragraph 2?
A．They centre n spiritual cmfrt.
B．They have hliday fd subjects.
C．They are knitted by the caregivers
D．They are wrn n child parents' birthdays.
5．Why d the caregivers wear the hats first?
A．T hld an artistic activity.
B．T see ff the recvered patients.
C．T relax the infants fr treatments
D．T welcme the arrival f varius hlidays.
6．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Why sme hliday celebratins are held.
B．What the hats can be used as n hlidays.
C．Why sme special phts are imprtant.
D．What the hats can be matched with.
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe the members f Knit Wits?
A．UnsuccessfulB．Impractical.C．Warm-heartedD．Dishnest.
C
Vast lands f America are dminated by crn, nearly 100macres f it, stretching frm Ohi t the Daktas. What nce was frest tday prduces the crn that feeds peple, cattle and, when made int ethanl (乙醇), cars.
Nw, the natin's airlines want t pwer their planes with crn, t. United Airlines signed a deal with a Nebraska ethanl cmpany t buy enugh sustainable fuel, t pwer 50,000 flights a year. The gvernment culd decide n its tax incentives (税收激励) fr the industry as sn as December. “Mark my wrds, the next 20 years, crn farmers are ging t prvide 95% f all the sustainable airline fuel,” President Biden said in July.
The airlines' ambitius gal wuld likely require nearly dubling ethanl prductin, which airlines say, with great expectatin, wuld decrease their greenhuse gas emissins. If they succeed, it culd transfrm America's Crn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanl prducers, but ptentially further damaging ne f the natin's mst imprtant resurces: grundwater.
Crn requires a lt f water t grw and it can take hundreds f gallns t prduce a single galln f ethanl. But as airlines take the idea f ethanl, the vital grundwater faces serius risks. “We're n track t massively increase water usage withut any real sense f hw sensitive ur grundwater is,” said Jeffrey Brberg, wh is cncerned abut grundwater in Minnesta, a majr crn state.
The Department f Energy said in a statement that “water use is a critical part f the cnversatin surrunding bi-energy sustainability”. It pinted t a 2022 department study that cncluded that the United States culd significantly reduce pressure n grundwater by shifting fuel prductin away frm water-intensive crps like crn, instead grwing mre crps that dn't require irrigatin (灌溉), like varius types f straw, grasses and trees.
Hpefully, a better apprach will be sn studied and adpted.
8．What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Farmers will increase 95% f their ethanl prductin.
B．The sustainable fuel will nt be ppular in the future.
C．Crn will be an influential surce in the fuel industry.
D．The gvernment stps the new fuel fr the grundwater.
9．What des the underlined wrd “stimulating” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Preventing.B．Mtivating.C．Destrying.D．Impressing.
10．What is the ptential risk f the increased use f ethanl in fuel?
A．The shrtage f crn prductin.
B．The increase in glbal warming.
C．A rise in clean-energy tax credits.
D．Higher stress n the grundwater.
11．What did the 2022 study suggest accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Expand the crn planting area.
B．Use sme alternative materials.
C．Cut dwn the daily water usage.
D．Turn t the gvernment fr help.
D
The design thery behind a pair f tiny rbts may ne day find its way int envirnmental mnitring, as well as search and-rescue tasks. Mdeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the tw rbts each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functinal micr-rbts in the wrld, accrding t Washingtn State University (WSU).
Develped by a team f WSU researchers, the rbts' tininess largely relies n a material knwn as a shape memry ally (合金). Althugh shape memry allys change frm when heated, they can “remember” their riginal shapes and return t them after cling. Because f this, the tw micr-rbts d nt require standard mtrs, and they use light and small nes instead f bulky mving parts.
Bth the rbts' mtrs are each made up f tw shape memry allys, allwing them t mve their fins as fast as 40 times a secnd while als lifting ver 150 times their weight. “They're very technlgically sund. The develpment f the very lightweight rbts pens up new pssibilities in micr-rbtics,” said Cnr Trygstad, a material engineering PhD student and study lead authr. “Althugh the rbts are impressive when cmpared t ther rbts, the pair still fall behind their bilgical relatives',” Trygstad said. They can currently mve at a speed f abut six millimeters a secnd; a water strider, by cmparisn, speeds alng at abut a meter per secnd. Fr nw, the rbts als require wired (连线的) pwer surces, thus seriusly preventing any real-wrld applicatins fr the mment.
Ging frward, hwever, the team plans t cpy ther small insect species while als creating a new water strider rbt which can mve at a higher speed. Depending n using small batteries culd als greatly increase the rbts' areas f use, If the breakthrugh designs cntinue imprving, similar micr-rbts culd ne day be emplyed t mnitr hard-t-reachr dangerus envirnments.
12．What is the inspiratin fr the tw rbts?
A．A special mnitr.B．The lightest micr rbt.
C．An insect species.D．A search-and rescue task
13．What des the underlined wrd “bulky” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Cheap.B．Huge.C．ClD．Fast.
14．What might Cnr Trygstad agree with?
A．Bth rbts can identify sund.B．Bth rbts need wireless pwer surces.
C．Bth rbts wrk better than water striders.D．Bth rbts have weaknesses besides strengths.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Rbts Are Saving Envirnment B．Shape Memry Allys Are The Key
C．Human Beings Learn Frm AnimalsD．Tw Micr rbts Can Play A Big Part
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Stay Awake During Schl
If yu've ever pulled an all-nighter r had a bad night f sleep, yu knw it's difficult t stay awake in class when yu're tired S hw t keep yurself awake? 16________
Taking part in class
17 ______They are great ways t frce yurself t stay awake because they require yur mind and yur bdy t wrk tgether. T effectively listen t yur teacher, yu shuld try t maintain eye cntact, face the speaker, and pay clse attentin. Als, grup discussins are a great time t keep yurself awake. Try t sit yurself near peple wh always vlunteer in class and have a lt t say in discussin.
Keeping yur bdy active
Walk arund befre r after class 18 _____Fr example, g utside during breaks and get yur bld mving t keep yur bdy awake. Besides, yu can stretch a little in yur chair t help yu feel refreshed. Yu can start by rlling yur wrists, shulders, and neck. After yu stp mving, yu might feel tired again, but it can help a little bit.
19 _____
Whether yur class is in the mrning; afternn, r evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help yu fight tiredness 20_____ But yu shuld avid heavy fds right befre class as they can make yu sleepy. By the way, especially in a class, a bttle f cld water can kick in right when yu might start sleeping. Cme t class with a bttle f cld water. Yu'll als get a little energy frm the cldness every time yu take a drink.
A．Preparing a little bit drinks
B．Staying awake with fd and drinks.
C．Here are sme creative strategies yu can get with
D．Physical activity tells yur bdy it's nt time fr sleep
E．The fd will give yu energy and help yu stay awake
F．Yu'll be near peple wh are mre likely t jin the class
G．Listen actively t the lessn and discuss with yur classmates
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A frest after a wildfire
Thrughut my career, I've had many chances t enter varius wildfire areas. But I've 21 _____had the pprtunity t see the immediate scene after a fire.
S when I 22______ int a recently burned frest, my first reactin was the deathly 23 ___hung in the air. There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises. It felt as if life itself had ttally 24_____frm this place. What was even wrse, the burned-ut frest meant that a large amunt f 25____ alngside the rad was n lnger 26 ____by the under-grwth (灌木丛) . Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—yu name it, and yu can find it.
Knwing there was a stry here that needed 27 ____ , I raised my camera with a heavy heart, n matter hw 28 _____. Phtgraphing burned-ut areas is 29 _____ , since there is really nly a bunch f burned-ut wd. Thrugh my lenses, I sught t cnnect viewers t the 30 ____f the disaster.
Fr a nature phtgrapher passinate abut envirnmental prtectin, it's imprtant t 31____ the ugly as well as the beautiful. We need t put thse tw things tgether, s while 32 ______hpe, we are aware f what has been taken frm us, and hw 33_____ that lss can be. Withut that balance, we risk becming used t a wrld shaped by destructin and nt the ne f 34_____ . Nature will regenerate, but nw, we must cnsider what 35_____ we humans play in that prcess, t.
21．A．rarelyB．merelyC．usually D．pssibly
22．A．sankB．ranC．brkeD．stepped
23．A．threatB．warningC．silenceD．charm
24．A．set apartB．faded awayC．spread utD．bunced back
25．A．smkeB．pllutinC．trashD．prduct
26．A．hiddenB．prtectedC．btheredD．held
27．A．writingB．tellingC．adaptingD．cntinuing
28．A．painfulB．strangeC．ppularD．dangerus
29．A．appealingB．rewardingC．surprisingD．challenging
30．A．descriptinB．crueltyC．impressinD．recvery
31．A．rememberB．enhanceC．cnfirmD．recrd
32．A．maintainingB．abandningC．requiringD．receiving
33．A．inspiringB．refreshingC．damagingD．astnishing
34．A．beliefB．fantasyC．imaginatinD．harmny
35．A．gameB．rleC．ruleD．Idea
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ice and snw warm up winter turism in Nrtheast China. Lately, the ppularity f ice and snw turism in Nrtheast China 36 ____(explde). Majr ht springs resrts in Harbin 37_____ (crwd)with traffic jams cmparable t the Spring Festival travel rush and travelers frm the suth f China make up a large part f the turism crwd.
Hw d yu tell the sutherners 38____ nrtherners? Suthern Chinese peple can be summarized in fur characteristics: a light-clred dwn jacket, a lvely small hat, a suitcase in hand and 39____ (shy)in public bath huses.
Sutherners are less prepared fr the cld. Sme individuals nline are prviding practical suggestins fr these sutherners, stressing the need fr clthing that 40 _____(prtect)them frm the freezing utdr temperatures while ensuring they dn’t sweat 41____(heavy)indrs.
In rder t prmte travel fr turists, Harbin has extended the perating 42 _____(hur)f buses and subways. Accrding t 43____ annuncement frm the Harbin gvernment, the ice and snw seasn in Harbin will cntinue until the end f March 2024. Fr travelers 44_____ (try)t avid peak perids, it’s advisable t plan visits after New Year’s Day and Spring Festival, 45 _____turist traffic is at its peak.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校外教Mike对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 为使行文连贯，可适当增加细节。
Dear Mike,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was never a fast runner and thus I always didn’t like running. Thrughut my childhd, whenever we cmpeted in the 50-meter run, the 400-meter, r any ther type f race, I wuld finish in the bttm half. In my late teens, as a member f a baseball team, I was the slwest runner n the team. In the preseasn training, I was always the ne running by myself at the end.
Therefre, twenty years later, when I entered my first fficial running race — a 3,000-meter challenge in my city — at age 38, I certainly didn’t expect t win r cme clse t winning.
I was there because my cllege friend Jim Hsek was the directr f the race, and he asked me t run. The race was aimed at raising mney fr the unfrtunate patients in a hspital and encuraging the patients and their families t be brave, determined, and cnfident with sprtsmanship.
It was a heartwarming prgram.I wanted t supprt it, s I shwed up, paid the entrance fee, had a number pinned (把……别住) n my back, and mved ver t the starting line. There, I waited with abut 300 ther runners fr the race t begin. I was nervus. Wuld I be the last ne t finish a race again? Culd I even finish the race? I wndered.
Befre lng, smene spke int a micrphne, “Anyne weighing ver 200 punds cmes dwn t the scale (秤), please.” Knwing I was ver 200 punds, I walked dwn t the scale. A man tld me t stand n it. “Tw hundred and three punds,” he said. Then he wrte dwn the race number that was n my back. Out f curisity, I asked him why he did s,and then I was tld there wuld be an award ceremny (仪式) after the race. One award was fr the first finisher in the ver 200-pund grup, and this special award wuld be annunced at the end f the ceremny.
Nt expecting the award, I ran twards the starting line, never realizing there were nly tw runners weighing ver 200 punds.
Paragraph 1:
Sn after, the race started.
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Paragraph 2:
Then came the last award, and t my surprise, my name was annunced.
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全解全析
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花最少的钱实现旅游。
1．细节理解题。根据原文Chengdu, China部分中提到的“If visiting a place with happy lcals is a pririty fr yu, there’s n better city t hit than Chengdu.(如果您想去一个有快乐当地人的地方，那么没有比成都更好的城市了。)”可知，成都是最适合想要遇见悠闲、无忧无虑本地人的人。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Cn Da,Vietnam(越南昆岛)部分的 “Cn Da Island Natin Park, a grup f dramatic tiny islands ff the suthern cast, is a great destinatin t see sea turtles and ther wildlife while explring the area n ft.(孔岛国家公园是南部海岸附近的一组引人注目的小岛，是徒步探索该地区时看到海龟和其他野生动物的好去处。)”及Zakynths, Greece部分的“There are plenty f free things t d, althugh the favrite is spending time n the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water.(这里有很多免费的事情可以做，尽管最受欢迎的是在蔚蓝的海水边美丽的海滩上度过时光。)”可知，两地都可以看到迷人的海景。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段提及“…a new travel blg dedicated t sharing experience with credit card pints and miles t help yu get big travel but fr small spend. With the right planning and maximizatin f available resurces, traveling as a cllege student may be easier than yu think. (……一个旅游博客，致力于分享信用卡积分和里程的使用经验，帮助您花小钱享受大旅游。只要计划得当，最大限度地利用现有资源，大学生旅行可能比你想象的要容易得多。)以及每段中都体现出该旅游地的实惠和便宜。因此推断探索经济实惠的目的地的学生最有可能是目标读者，故选 B。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。Knit Wits是一个由一群奶奶组成的非营利组织，这群奶奶为Children’s Health Hspital患有心脏病的幼儿送上她们手工编织的帽子。这些幼儿可以戴上帽子庆祝节假日和拍照。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently the Knit Wits member Mary Ann Stver was inspired t have the grup knit hats fr infant (婴儿) patients with heart disease at Children’s Health Hspital, The hats, each a unique wrk f art, designed with hliday themes, reflect the skill f the Knit Wits. Mre imprtantly, the special f Knit Wits is its understanding f the emtinal effect these small bjects can have n the infants experiencing medical treatments.(最近，Knit Wits的成员Mary Ann Stver受到启发，为儿童健康医院患有心脏病的婴儿患者编织帽子。每顶帽子都是独特的艺术品，以节日主题设计，反映了Knit Wits的技能。更重要的是，Knit Wits的特别之处在于它理解这些小物件对正在接受治疗的婴儿的情感影响)”可知，这些帽子的作用主要是安抚幼儿。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bealle, a certified child life specialist at Children’s Health Hspital, explained hw the hats are making a difference t the tiny patients and their families. “Caregivers are able t wear the hats n their bdy t mve their smells befre placing the hats back n the infants, encuraging cnnecting and making the infants less stressful,” he said.(Bealle是儿童健康医院的认证儿童生活专家，他解释了这些帽子是如何对小病人和他们的家庭产生影响的。他说:“看护人可以先把帽子戴在身上，然后再把帽子戴回婴儿身上，这样可以促进联系，减轻婴儿的压力。”)”可知，照料者先戴帽子的是让接受治疗的幼儿放松。故选C项。
6．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thrughut the infants’ admissin, many hlidays are celebrated. At times, sme infants are seriusly ill and unable t dress up fr hliday phts the families have planned. Thanks t the dnatins frm Knit Wits, the hspital team is able t prve the family with a suitable themed infant hat the family can use fr their phts and hliday celebratins.(在婴儿入院期间，人们庆祝许多节日。有时，一些婴儿病得很严重，无法为家人计划的节日照片打扮。多亏了Knit Wits的捐赠，医院团队才能够为家庭提供合适的主题婴儿帽，供他们拍照和节日庆祝)”可知，本段的主要内容是这些帽子在节日里的作用。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Dallas-based Knit Wits is made up f a grup f grandmthers with a strng lve fr knitting (编织) wh tum their lve fr crafting int a purpseful attempt. Meeting regularly, they pur their cllective lve int every stitch (针法) they make. The grup has been wrking fr ver ten years, meeting every Friday, t supprt rganizatins that help thers, lcally and arund the wrld. Over the years, they’ve crafted thusands f items insupprt f the imprtant things.(总部位于达拉斯的Knit Wits由一群对编织有着强烈热爱的祖母组成，她们将对手工艺的热爱转化为有目的的尝试。他们定期见面，把集体的爱倾注到他们做的每一件事上。该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织。多年来，她们精心制作了数千件物品来支持重要的事情)”以及纵观全文可知，Knit Wits的成员是一群祖母组成，该组织已经工作了十多年，每周五开会，以支持当地和世界各地帮助他人的组织，所以她们是热心的。故选C项。
8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲现在美国的航空公司希望用玉米为飞机提供动力。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“What nce was frest tday prduces the crn that feeds peple, cattle and, when made int ethanl(乙醇), cars.(昔日的森林如今变成了玉米地，可以供养人、养牛，在玉米制成乙醇后，还能为汽车提供燃料。)”和第二段中的“ Nw, the natin’s airlines want t pwer their planes with crn, t.(现在，美国的航空公司也想用玉米为飞机提供燃料。)”可知，玉米将成为燃料工业中有影响力的来源。故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The airlines’ ambitius gal wuld likely require nearly dubling ethanl prductin, which airlines say, with great expectatin, wuld decrease their greenhuse gas emissins. If they succeed, it culd transfrm America’s Crn Belt, stimulating farmers and ethanl prducers, but ptentially further damaging ne f the natin’s mst imprtant resurces: grundwater.(航空公司雄心勃勃的目标可能需要将乙醇产量增加近一倍，航空公司满怀期望地表示，乙醇产量将减少温室气体排放。如果他们成功了，这可能会改变美国的玉米带， 农民和乙醇生产商，但可能会进一步损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水。)”以及从该词后的 but可知， stimulating 和后文的“damaging ne f the natin’s mst imprtant resurces: grundwater.(损害美国最重要的资源之一：地下水)”构成转折关系，所以猜测 stimulating应表示“刺激”。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Crn requires a lt f water t grw and it can take hundreds f gallns t prduce a single galln f ethanl. But as airlines take the idea f ethanl, the vital grundwater faces serius risks. (玉米的生长需要大量的水，而生产一加仑乙醇可能需要数百加仑的水。但随着航空公司采用乙醇的想法，重要的地下水面临着严重的风险。)”可知，燃料中乙醇使用增加的潜在风险是对地下水的压力更大。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It pinted t a 2022 department study that cncluded that the United States culd significantly reduce pressure n grundwater by shifting fuel prductin away frm water-intensive crps like crn, instead grwing mre crps that dn’t require irrigatin(灌溉), like varius types f straw, grasses and trees. Hpefully, a better apprach will be sn studied and adpted.(它指出，2022年国务院的一项研究得出结论，美国可以通过将燃料生产从玉米等耗水作物转向种植更多不需要灌溉的作物，如各种类型的秸秆、草和树木，来显著减轻地下水压力。希望不久将研究并采用一种更好的方法。)”可知，2022年的研究建议使用一些替代材料来生产燃料。故选B项。
12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mdeled after a water strider (水黾), an insect, the tw rbts each weigh in at 8 and 55 milligrams, and may mark the smallest, lightest, and fastest fully functinal micr-rbts in the wrld, accrding t Washingtn State University (WSU).(根据华盛顿州立大学的说法，这两个机器人以水黾和昆虫为模型，各重8毫克和55毫克，可能是世界上最小、最轻、最快的全功能微型机器人)”可知，这两个机器人的灵感是昆虫种类。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“the tw micr-rbts d nt require standard mtrs, and they use light and small nes instead f”可知，这两个微型机器人不需要标准的马达，它们使用轻而小的马达代替巨大沉重的运动部件。故划线词意思是“巨大的”。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段““Althugh the rbts are impressive when cmpared t ther rbts, the pair still fall behind their bilgical relatives’,” Trygstad said. They can currently mve at a speed f abut six millimeters a secnd; a water strider, by cmparisn, speeds alng at abut a meter per secnd.(特里格斯塔德说：“尽管与其他机器人相比，这两个机器人令人印象深刻，但它们仍然落后于它们的生物学亲戚。”它们目前的移动速度约为每秒6毫米；相比之下，水黾的速度约为每秒一米)”可知，Cnr Trygstad认为两个机器人除了优点之外都有缺点。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The design thery behind a pair f tiny rbts may ne day find its way int envirnmental mnitring, as well as search and-rescue tasks.(一对微型机器人背后的设计理论可能有一天会用于环境监测，以及搜索和救援任务)”结合文章主要说明了一个研究团队从一种昆虫——水黾身上得到了灵感，开发了两个微型机器人，它们能够应用于环境监测、搜救等工作。可知，D选项“两个微型机器人可以大有作为”最符合文章标题。故选D。
16．C 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助我们在课堂上能够保持清醒。
16．根据空前的“S hw t keep yurself awake?(那么如何让自己保持清醒呢？)”可知，空前提出疑问“如何保持清醒？”。而下文则介绍了一些具体的保持清醒的方法。选项C“Here are sme creative strategies yu can get with(这里有一些你可以采用的创意策略)”承上启下，即承接上文回答了疑问，同时引出下文的具体策略。故选C。
17．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文的“They are great ways t frce yurself t stay awake because they require yur mind and yur bdy t wrk tgether. T effectively listen t yur teacher, yu shuld try t maintain eye cntact, face the speaker, and pay clse attentin. Als, grup discussins are a great time t keep yurself awake. Try t sit yurself near peple wh always vlunteer in class and have a lt t say in discussin.(它们是强迫自己保持清醒的好方法，因为它们需要你的大脑和身体一起工作。为了有效地听老师讲课，你应该试着保持目光接触，面对演讲者，并集中注意力。此外，小组讨论是让你保持清醒的好时机。试着坐在那些总是主动在课堂上发言，在讨论中有很多话要说的人旁边)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上课时需要专注，同时参加小组讨论。选项G“Listen actively t the lessn and discuss with yur classmates(积极听讲，与同学讨论)”与本段内容相符。故选G。
18．根据空前的“Walk arund befre r after class(课前或课后四处走走)”可知，作者建议课前课后多走动。选项D“Physical activity tells yur bdy it’s nt time fr sleep(运动告诉你的身体现在不是睡觉的时候)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是课前课后多走动，会告诉自己的身体现在不是睡觉的时候。这样有助于课堂上保持清醒。故选D。
19．空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Whether yur class is in the mrning; afternn, r evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help yu fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”以及“By the way, especially in a class, a bttle f cld water can kick in right when yu might start sleeping. Cme t class with a bttle f cld water. Yu’ll als get a little energy frm the cldness every time yu take a drink.(顺便说一下，尤其是在课堂上，一瓶冷水可能会在你开始睡觉的时候起作用。带一瓶冷水来上课。每次你喝水的时候，你也会从寒冷中获得一点能量)”可知，一日三餐以及喝冷水有助于我们保持清醒。选项B“Staying awake with fd and drinks.(吃饱喝足保持清醒)”与本段内容相符。故选B。
20．根据空前的“Whether yur class is in the mrning; afternn, r evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help yu fight tiredness(无论你的课是在上午；下午或晚上，每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助你对抗疲劳)”可知，空前讲述的是一日三餐有助于我们保持清醒。选项E“The fd will give yu energy and help yu stay awake(食物会给你能量，帮助你保持清醒)”是上文内容的自然延续，解释了为什么每天吃三顿均衡的正餐会帮助我们对抗疲劳，从而保持清醒。故选E。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．D 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了作者进入一片最近被烧毁的森林，看到了被大火烧毁后的景象，作者感悟人类应该意识到自然界的平衡以及在这个过程中发挥应有的作用。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。A. rarely很少；B. merely仅仅；C. usually通常；D. pssibly可能。根据上文“Thrughut my career, I’ve had many chances t enter varius wildfire areas.(在我的职业生涯中，我有很多机会进入不同的野火地区)”以及but表示转折，可知，作者很少有机会看到火灾后的现场。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. sank下沉；B. ran奔跑；C. brke打破；D. stepped踏入。根据上文“enter varius wildfire areas”以及后文“int a recently burned frest”此处指走进一片最近被烧毁的森林。故选D。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我走进一片最近被烧毁的森林时，我的第一反应是空气中弥漫着死一般的寂静。A. threat威胁；B. warning警告；C. silence沉默；D. charm魅力。根据后文“There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，被烧毁的森林里只有沉默，没有声音。故选C。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：感觉好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。A. set apart分开；B. faded away消失；C. spread ut分散开；D. bunced back迅速恢复。根据上文“There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”可知，没有任何声音，就好像生命本身已经完全从这个地方消失了。故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. smke烟雾；B. pllutin污染；C. trash垃圾；D. prduct产品。根据后文“Oil cans, glass, plastic bags—yu name it, and yu can find it.(油罐、玻璃、塑料袋——你能想到的，你都能找到)”可知，此处指灌木丛下的垃圾被显露出来。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，被烧毁的森林意味着路边的大量垃圾不再被灌木丛所掩盖。A. hidden隐藏；B. prtected保护；C. bthered麻烦；D. held举行。根据后文“by the under-grwth”可知，这些垃圾本来被灌木丛所隐藏，因为大火被显露出来。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. writing写；B. telling告诉；C. adapting改编；D. cntinuing继续。根据上文“there was a stry here that needed”指讲述故事应用动词tell。故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道这里有一个故事需要讲述，我怀着沉重的心情举起了相机，不管有多痛苦。A. painful痛苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. ppular受欢迎的；D. dangerus危险的。根据上文“with a heavy heart”可知，作者看到这一幕感到心痛，还是举起了相机。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拍摄被烧毁的地区是具有挑战性的，因为实际上只有一堆被烧毁的木头。A. appealing吸引人的；B. rewarding值得的；C. surprising惊人的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据后文“since there is really nly a bunch f burned-ut wd”可知，被烧毁的地区只有一堆被烧毁的木头，因此拍摄这些地方让摄影具有挑战性，故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我的镜头，我试图将观众与灾难的残酷联系起来。A. descriptin描述；B. cruelty残酷；C. impressin印象；D. recvery恢复。根据上文“There were n birds, n breeze caught in the leaves f a tree, r animal nises.(没有鸟鸣，没有微风吹过树叶，也没有动物的声音)”以及后文“f the disaster”可知，此处指火灾的残酷，故选B。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一个热爱环境保护的自然摄影师来说，记录美丽的同时也记录丑陋的东西是很重要的。A. remember记得；B. enhance加强；C. cnfirm确认；D. recrd记录。根据上文“a nature phtgrapher”可知，作者是自然摄影师，所以记录美丽的同时也要记录丑陋的东西。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. maintaining维持；B. abandning抛弃；C. requiring需要；D. receiving收到。根据后文“hpe, we are aware f what has been taken frm us”可知，保持希望的同时也要意识到我们失去了什么，故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们需要把这两件事结合起来，这样在保持希望的同时，我们意识到我们失去了什么，以及损失是多么令人震惊。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. refreshing令人耳目一新的；C. damaging破坏的；D. astnishing惊人的。根据后文“that lss can be”以及上文作者进入被烧毁地区的所见，可知应该意识到损失多么惊人，故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这种平衡，我们就有可能习惯于一个充满破坏而非和谐的世界。A. belief信念；B. fantasy幻想；C. imaginatin想象力；D. harmny和谐。题干中提到“nt the ne f destructin”，即不是破坏的世界，因此与之相对的是和谐的世界，即“harmny”。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然会再生，但现在，我们必须考虑我们人类在这个过程中也扮演了什么角色。A. game游戏；B. rle角色；C. rule规则；D. idea想法。根据后文“we humans play in that prcess”指人类在过程中扮演的角色，短语为play rle in。故选B。
36．has explded 37．are crwded 38．frm 39．shyness 40．prtects 41．heavily 42．hurs 43．an 44．trying 45．when
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲冰雪为中国东北的冬季旅游带来了温暖。最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。
36．考查时态。句意：最近，冰雪旅游在中国东北地区的受欢迎程度呈爆炸式增长。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，the ppularity f ice and snw turism in Nrtheast China，为第三人称单数形式，与explde为主动关系，再根据时间状语Lately可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has explded。
37．考查时态语态。句意：哈尔滨的主要温泉度假胜地挤满了交通堵塞，与春节旅游高峰相当，来自中国南方的游客在旅游人群中占了很大一部分。 分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，Majr ht springs resrts与crwd为被动关系，且这里时态应与本句后面make保持一致，用一般现在时。故填are crwded。
38．考查介词。句意：你如何区分南方人和北方人？分析句子可知，这里考查tell A frm B表“区分或辨别A与B”，为固定搭配。故填frm。
39．考查名词。句意：中国南方人可以概括为四个特点：浅色羽绒服，可爱的小帽子，手里拿着手提箱，在公共澡堂里害羞。分析句子可知，本空应该填shy的名词形式 shyness与前面的“a lvely small hat, a suitcase in hand”并列，且shyness为不可数名词，符合句意。故填shyness。
40．考查主谓一致。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空是定语从句中的谓语，时态应用一般现在时表客观事实，其单复数形式要根据先行词判断。先行词 clthing 是不可数名词，故用单数形式。故填prtects。
41．考查副词。句意：网上的一些人为这些南方人提供了实用的建议，强调需要衣服来保护他们免受室外严寒的影响，同时确保他们在室内不会大汗淋漓。此空用副词 heavily作状语修饰动词sweat，意为“出很多汗”。故填heavily。
42．考查名词复数。句意：为了促进游客出行，哈尔滨延长了公共汽车和地铁的运营时间。perating hurs 指的是“营业时间”，此处 hur需要用复数形式。故填hurs。
43．考查冠词。句意：根据哈尔滨市政府的公告，哈尔滨的冰雪季节将持续到2024年3月底。此处指的是关于冰雪季时间的一项公告，因此选用不定冠词，且annuncement为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
44．考查非谓语。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，travelers与try为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作后置定语。故填trying。
45．考查定语从句。句意：对于试图避开高峰时段的游客，建议计划在元旦和春节之后参观，元旦和春节时旅游流量正处于高峰期。此处为非限制定语从句，先行词是 New Year’s Day and Spring Festival，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when。
46．Dear Mike,
Hw is it ging? I am writing t invite yu t take part in an upcming “Taste f Chinese Tea” event. Given yur interest, I believe it will be a great chance fr yu t encunter Chinese tea culture.
A variety f activities will be held in ur schl sprtsgrund next Friday. First, yu can appreciate delicate tea sets. Additinally, an engaging prize-giving quiz will satisfy yur curisity abut the histry f Chinese tea. Finally, yu are welcme t enjy a steaming cup f tea alngside snacks with ther participants.
Hpefully yu will experience the richness f Chinese tea culture.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给外教Mike写一封邮件，邀请他参加下周五的“品中国茶”的主题日活动。其内容包括：发出邀请和介绍活动安排（时间，地点和具体安排等）。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→pprtunity
各种各样的：a variety f→all kinds f
首先：first→t begin with
最终：finally→eventually
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, yu can appreciate delicate tea sets.
拓展句：First, yu can appreciate delicate tea sets, which is a feast fr the eyes.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am writing t invite yu t take part in an upcming “Taste f Chinese Tea” event.（运用了动词不定式作宾语补足语）
[高分句型2] Given yur interest, I believe it will be a great chance fr yu t encunter Chinese tea culture.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句）
47． Sn after, the race started. While I was running, I saw many runners pass me n the way. Minutes later, I already felt tired. Hwever, t encurage thse in need, I tried t shw the best f me, withut wrrying abut the result. I kept mving frward as fast as I culd. After mst runners finished the race, I finally made it t the finish line. Despite the tiredness, I was satisfied. Shrtly after the race, the award ceremny began and several awards were presented.
Then came the last award, and t my surprise, my name was annunced. Cnfused and excited, I walked up t the winner’s platfrm and was awarded a medal. As the crwd cheered and clapped ludly, I felt warmth in my heart. After the ceremny, I learned frm my friend Jim that there were nly tw runners weighing ver 200 punds. Althugh I nly beat ne persn, Jim praised me fr my determinatin, curage, and kindness. Hnestly, I was prud f myself. This race increased my lve fr running and my cnfidence in myself.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述作者为了支持朋友负责的跑步比赛，来为医院里不幸的病人筹集资金，在比赛中意外地获奖的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句“不久之后，比赛开始了。”可知，跑步比赛开始了，该段描述跑步比赛的情况。
②由第二段首句“然后是最后一个奖项，令我惊讶的是，我的名字被宣布了。”可知，比赛结束了，在颁奖阶段，作者意外地获奖了。
2. 续写线索：不喜欢跑步——参加跑步比赛——完成比赛——获得奖牌
3. 词汇激活：
行为类
①超过：pass
②保持前进：keep frward
③欢呼：cheer
情绪类
①疲惫的：tired
②满意的：satisfied
③疑惑的：cnfused
④兴奋的：excited
【点睛】【高分句型1】While I was running, I saw many runners pass me n the way.(运用了while引导的时间状语从句)w（运用了）
【高分句型2】After the ceremny, I learned frm my friend Jim that there were nly tw runners weighing ver 200 punds.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
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