河南省五市2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份河南省五市2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Jnathan Drri’s interest in plants dates back t his years when grwing up in suthwest Lndn. They lived within walking distance f the Ryal Btanic Gardens, Kew, hme t ne f the mst diverse cllectins f plants in the wrld. His parents wuld take him and his brther frequently t the gardens, explring the grunds and discvering new plant species frm arund the wrld.
“My father was trained in btany but wrked as an engineer, while my mther was interest- ed in the beauty f plants, ”he says, “She wuld carry a magnifying glass in her purse, and we’d g t Kew every week t lk at the individual plants. ”
Nw Drri is a btany expert. He’s built a career as an educatr, fcusing n the envirnment and technlgy, and is als a prductive authr. His new bk explains the histrical and cultural significance f different plant species. Using a map as his guide, he selected abut eighty plants frm arund the wrld, and each has an interesting back stry that fcuses n the cultural significance and btanical structure f each species.
Fr example, amaranth (苋菜) frm Peru has almst been frgtten, since it’s ften ver- shadwed by mre readily available whle grains like ats and rye. Hwever, it has gained ppularity in recent years thanks t being highly nutritius and a gd surce f beneficial acids. In fact, befre the Spanish Cnquest in 1519, amaranth was a majr fdstuff f the Inca and Aztec empires. The Aztecs used its seeds fr ceremnial purpses, mixing amaranth flur int figures representing imprtant deities within their culture, such as Tlalc, the gd f rain.
1．Where did Jnathan Drri’s interest in btany mainly cme frm?
A. His cllectinB. His teachersC. His bksD. His childhd
2．Which f the fllwing is the mst pssible title fr Jnathan Drri's new bk?
A. Arund the Wrld in 80 PlantsB. Hw Plants Relate t Civilizatin
C. Hw Plants Tell Stries f HistryD. A Brief Histry f Research n Plants
3．What leads t amaranth becming mre and mre ppular recently?
A. Its histrical valueB. Its ceremnial value
C. Its healthy valueD. Its cultural value
Early in my time in China, I asked a cwrker if she nticed anything Americans d that is strange. “Yu’re always fighting, even with yur best friend.” she said. She had never seen me fight with my friend, s I was surprised, until I realized she was referring t a philsphical debate. Thugh passinate, my friend and I wuld hardly have cnsidered it a fight. Accrding t him, many Chinese wuldn’t tell their friend t “shut yur muth when yu speak t me” r tell them, “yur lgic is s dumb — yu dn’t have bject permanence”, which is ppsed t scial harmny.
Wrds are metaphrs, serving t cmprehend abstract ideas r beliefs. Each language pssesses an inner lgic, influencing hw its speakers structure sentences and understand wrds. This uniqueness extends beynd mere vcabulary; it spreads t the system f expressin, shaping thughts and ideas. Regardless f hw skilled ne becmes at cmmunicating, r hw many dictinaries they’ve read, they can nt guarantee that the listener understands them crrectly.
Each language barrier exists within speakers f the same language. In 2013, I wrked with a British man wh had lived in China fr a decade and spke Chinese fluently. It tk him abut 10 years t fully understand the culture. Either I’m silly, r he was kidding me.
I can cnfidently say that after all this time, I’m even mre cnfused than I was cncepts and ideas I learn abut Chinese culture expand endlessly, and I suspect that will always be true. If I’m lucky, I’ll have anther 30 years f life, less time than mre intelligent men than I have spent studying culture.
Perhaps I’m nt meant t understand China. There is acceptance and peace in that. With my freign friends, I will jke and even tease them and with my Chinese friends, I will ask questins t avid giving the impressin I am fighting with them. I will embrace crss-cultural cnfusin and persist in understanding my Chinese friends, family, cwrkers and neighbrs, because that knwledge bears gifts f wisdm and jy. My life is better fr it.
4．What impressin des the authr leave n his Chinese friend?
A. He specializes in debating.B. He is kind f rude t friends.
C. He argues with thers much.D. He is passinate abut philsphy.
5．What des the authr stress abut the language in Paragraph 2?
A. Its inner lgicB. Its significant cmplexity
C. Its abstract riginD. Its changing structure
6．What makes the authr mre puzzled when living lnger in China?
A. Prfund Chinese cultureB. His British friend’s, experience
C. Little time spent with familyD. Different understanding f humr
7．Which is the authr’s plan fr future life?
A. He will take China as it is.B. He will return t his mtherland.
C. He will be mre serius in China.D. He will persist in academic study.
In recent years, the ppular idea f reducing carbn ftprints by eating lcally t cut dwn fd miles has cme under clse examinatin. Hwever, a recent study published in Nature Fd indicates that glbal fd miles might accunt fr as much as 20 percent f fd-related emissins, a significantly higher percentage than previus estimatins. This statement begs the questin: Are fd miles mre significant than we initially believed?
Fd miles represent the distance fd travels frm prductin t cnsumptin, with previus studies suggesting that the emissins frm these miles are tiny cmpared t the emissins prduced during the fd grwing prcess. Fr instance, prducing ne kilgram f beef generates almst 99 kg f CO2, while apples nly prduce 0.4 kg per kilgram. If the gal is t minimize dietary carbn ftprints, it wuld be mre beneficial t chse fds with lwer verall carbn ftprints, even if they have t travel a distance. Therefre, reducing meat and dairy intake culd prve t be a mre effective strategy.
The recent study desn’t cntradict (相矛盾) this cnclusin. The reasn why the reprted prprtin is higher is that the calculatin includes all transprt invlved, including the transprtatin f fertilizers, farm equipment, and pesticides (杀虫剂). Hannah Ritchie, a researcher at the University f Oxfrd, suggests that a term ther than "fd miles" wuld be mre apprpriate t avid any cnfusin. If the study had fllwed the standard definitin f fd miles, the per- centage wuld drp t 9 percent, which crrespnds mre clsely with the 4 t 6 percent fund in prir research.
Mrever, the study therizes that even if all fd was prduced in the cuntries where it is cnsumed, the reductin in emissins wuld nly be 1. 7 percent. verall. This is due t the fact that a larger prprtin f fd wuld be transprted by rad rather than by sea, with trucks prducing higher emissins per tn f carg than ships.
"S, verall, the bttm line is still that what yu eat has a much bigger impact n emissins than the distance that fd has t travel t reach yu, said Ritchie.
8．What has the recent study fund?
A. Fd prductin has caused a lt f carbn emissins.
B. Carbn emissins frm fd miles are increasing rapidly.
C. Carbn emissin reductin largely depends n eating lcally.
D. Glbal fd miles lead t mre carbn emissins than expected.
9．Why des the authr mentin "beef" and "apples" in paragraph. 2?
A. T explain the benefits f apples
B. T highlight fd prductin's effect
C. T cmpare beef and apple prductin
D. T advcate shrt-distance transprtatin
10．Which f the fllwing is the best slutin t fd-related carbn ftprints?
A. Supplying. high-calry fds
B. Upgrading fd delivery systems
C. Reducing meat and dairy cnsumptin
D. Aviding chemical pesticides fr plants
11．What is the Ritchie's attitude tward the recent study finding?
A. UnfavurableB. SupprtiveC. TlerantD. Uncertain
Traditinally, many decisins abut medical treatment were left up t dctrs: They decided, and patients agreed. Tday, health care prfessinals are embracing the idea f shared decisin-making, where patients becme infrmed partners in their chices. Health care prfessinals nw fcus n placing the patient at the center f care, infrming them abut their ptins, and engaging them in treatment decisins. Fr example, they engage patients by asking, "What's imprtant t yu? And what are yur pririties and gals as we, talk abut a treatment plan?"
"I think there's a strng recgnitin in American medicine, f the imprtance f patient engagement nt nly, in their care, but in deciding what types f care and types f prcedures they're ging t get," said Dr. Allen, a prfessr f medicine at the University f Clrad Schl f Medicine in Aurra.
A 2017 study, published in the jurnal Circulatin: Cardivascular Quality and Outcmes fund that peple with heart disease wh went thrugh-shared decisin-making had better physical and mental health, better bedience t medicatin and lwer rates f staying in hspital and emergency department use. Patients als reprted better cmmunicatin with their dctrs. When peple are mre engaged in decisin-making, they understand the prs and cns f varius treatment ptins, and they're mre likely t stick t the treatment plan and t cntinue that cmmunicatin.
But research n hw t best apprach different, cultural grups is lacking. Many dctrs cite limited time as a barrier, althugh research shws that shared decisin-making can be accmplished even within shrt clinic visits. Als, current mdels f payment fr dctrs' visits d nt always agree with the gals f shared decisin-making. But underlying all that is that medical decisins can be "incredibly cmplicated"
Making the practice wrk n a wider scale is an evlving prcess. But in the lng run, Allen said: "shared decisin-making can ensure that with all the amazing new technlgies and treatments that we will have in medicine, they really can be applied t mre patients in a tailred, meaningful way that meets their wn values, gals and preferences."
12．What rle d dctrs play in shared decisin-making?
A. They are at the center f care. B. They ask questins t patients:
C. They fllw patients' pinins.D. They present suggestins t patients.
13．Which can be a benefit t patients frm shared decisin-making?
A. Shrtened time in hspitalB. Imprved healthy awareness
C. Reduced mental prblemsD. Enhanced cmmunicatin skills
14．What is the biggest challenge t shared decisin-making?
A. Lack f family supprt
B. Limited time and mney
C. Uniqueness f medical treatment
D. Cmplicated medicine prductin prcess
15．Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Shared Decisin Making: Mre than Technlgy?
B. Shared Decisin Making: an Ideal Way fr Patients
C. Shared Decisin Making: a Future Mdel f Hspitals?
D. Shared Decisin Making: Advantages and Disadvantages
二、七选五
16．Yur alarm ges ff n January 1. Yu frce yurself ut f bed and drag yur feet tward the bathrm, where yu glimpse a pale-faced stranger in the mirrr. ① After a mment, hwever, yu think, "Wait, it's kay because tday is New Year's Day; there's time t get back in shape!"
Fr many peple, the start f a new year signals the end f a perid f verindulgence (放纵) in diet. ② . They ften revlve arund turning neself int a fit and healthy human being. Hwever, the fact is that apprximately 80% f them are abandned befre February. Hw des that happen? ③ . While we may have gd intentins when making reslutins, we are nt actually making enugh determinatin t live in a mre cntrlled way. Change invlves a degree f stress, and smene nt mentally equipped t handle that stress will struggle t change.
S, what can yu d t achieve yur healthy gals in the new year? One idea is t think small rather than the ppsite. ④ But in reality change is likely easier in smaller steps, which allws fr greater success. Anther helpful strategy is t design a persnal reward system. Finally, set cncrete gals. Instead f making a vague reslutin like "I'm ging t get in better shape this year, make a specific ne. Fr example, "I'm ging t run fr 30 minutes every day" wuld be far mre pwerful. Mst imprtantly, remember that despite their name, New Year's reslutins shuld be fr life. ⑤ but with suitable strategies, there is n reasn why yu cannt stick t yur reslutins permanently r at least until March.
A. Change takes time and effrt
B. Instinctively, yu step back in hrrr
C. It's prbably related t self-discipline
D. Many peple's plans invlve grand measures
E. The answer is likely that we shuld be cnfident
F. New Year is a great time t be with family and friends
G. In December it's ften justified by planning New Year's reslutins
三、完形填空（15空）
Fr the past years, 83-year-ld AI Merritt has been a cheery presence in his neighbrhd. Since 2010, Merritt has been trying t achieve the missin t 1 the circumference (周长) f the Earth-24, 901 miles-withut ever leaving his wn neighbrhd. 2 , Merritt gt t knw many f his neighbrs. Up until Octber 24, (2021), he never realized that his daily bicycle trips were as 3 t them as they were t him. At 3 p. m., nearly 200 peple appeared t cngratulate Merritt n the ending f his "rund-the-wrld" 4 , and a large trphy (杯) was placed in his arms.
Al started cycling arund 11 years ag. At first, his rides were abut five miles lng, then 10 t 12 miles, and 5 the length f his utings grew. As time went by, he began t think 6 the circumference f the Earth. By the end f 2020, he had 7 21, 565 miles in ttal.
There was n 8 f the gal planned until tw passers-by, Natalie Lndn and Taylr Plecity, came alng. They were visiting Lndn's mm when Merritt 9 by n his bike quickly. Then attracted by his 10 and discvering Merritt was just weeks away frm cmpleting his gal, they asked if they culd 11 a shrt dcumentary.
"He represents hw an individual's small 12 can change an entire cmmunity, "said Ln- dn. T celebrate the cmpletin f Merritt's cycling gal, they secretly printed up psters and placed them n drways fr several 13 . But even they were surprised at the huge crwd that 14 . Actually Merritt has n plans t change the rutine that has becme the 15 f his daily life.
17．A. measureB. guessC. surveyD. cycle
18．A. In a wrdB. As a resultC. On the cntraryD. After all
19．A. time-cnsumingB. meaningful
C. usualD. demanding
20．A. adventureB. expectatinC. subjectD. phenmenn
21．A. unexpectedlyB. immediatelyC. hpefullyD. gradually
22．A. againB. twiceC. bigD. deep
23．A. btainedB. dminatedC. cveredD. revlved
24．A. celebratinB. delayC. excuseD. admissin
25．A. drveB. flewC. stdD. slid
26．A. speedB. bikeC. ruteD. stry
27．A. castB. pictureC. filmD. advertise
28．A. deedsB. destiniesC. reactinsD. recréatins
29．A. citiesB. landscapesC. husesD. blcks
30．A. gatheredB. calledC. withdrewD. returned
31．A. qualityB. burdenC. highlightD. impressin
四、短文填空
32．Adrift (漂流) in a Sea f Green
Living in the frest f steel-and-cement structures, urbanites are impatient t embrace nature n weekends. A natural frest in ① peple in Sichuan prvince tend t spend leisure time is the Suthern Sichuan Bamb Sea in Yibin. The 120-square-kilmeter Bamb Sea is the ② (large) primitive bamb park in China.
The Bamb Sea ③ (recgnize) as ne f the cuntry's 10 mst beautiful frests has served as a ppular turist attractin since scenes frm the Oscar-winning Cruching Tiger Hidden Dragn ④ (sht) there. The bamb frest gt an ectur rating when it was listed as ⑤ wrld-class bamb reserve in December 2003, the furth turism destinatin in China t get the Green Glbe 21 certificatin, allwing itself ⑥ (admire) by mre peple arund China and wrldwide.
Lcated in Australia, Green Glbe sets the glbal benchmark (基准) fr certificatin f envirnmentally friendly turism sites. ⑦ (reflect) the principles fr sustainable develpment and based n Agenda 21, the certificatin was apprved by ⑧ (represent) f 182 cuntries and regins frm arund the wrld during the United Natins Ri de Janeir Earth Summit in 1992.
Amazed ⑨ its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, a pet frm the Sng Dynasty (960- 1279) , described it as "bamb waves". As Huang was an ⑩ (influence) man f letters, his descriptin gave rise t the frest's ppular nickname-the Bamb Sea.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，是所在学校英语广播站（The English Bradcasting Statin）负责人。请为广播站撰写一份招募新播音员的启事，内容包括：
1. 广播站主要特色简介；
2. 申请方式和截止时间。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Bradcasters Wanted
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a huse far frm the city lived Jhn and his mther. Jhn’s nly hbby was wandering in the nearby picturesque frest. In its center was a shiny clear lake with schls f fish dancing in it. Fascinated by the beauty and liveliness f nature, he desired t becme a great artist and present all the breathtaking scenes t the wrld.
Jhn studied in the lcal primary schl. Life was nt easy fr Jhn and his mm after his father died. Knwing what hard wrk his mther did t make ends meet, Jhn, really didn’t want his mther t wrry. His mther knew the significance f educatin in life but she was against his dream f becming an artist. “The prfessin f artist can’t aid a persn in meeting his daily expenses,” she wuld say. But as each day passed, Jhn’s dream: became mre passinate.
Due t the living circumstances, even buying sme new clrs wuld be a luxury. Jhn nly used the wrn drawing file and limited clrs fr his daily practice. He never gave up drawing. He spent a significant amunt f time staying in — the frest, secretly perfecting his craft. With cntinuus hard wrk and a distinct gift fr art, he drew beautifully.
One day Jhn read abut a cmpetitin being held in the twn, whse deadline was nly tw days away. He gt the perfect pprtunity t fulfill his desire but he was in a dilemma as fr the cmpetitin he needed special paints and sme brushes. He didn’t have the curage t ask his mther fr mney as he knew her prejudice against art.
That evening his mm returned frm wrk and handed him a few paper ntes, saying, “This is fr yur lunch at schl next fur days.” He wrked up the curage hping t ask his mther if she culd give him sme mre mney s that he culd participate in the cmpetitin, but finally, cnsidering the family’s financial difficulties, he swallwed the wrds.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Lking at the ntes n the desk the next day, Jhn was lst in thught.
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At the award ceremny Jhn was abut t speak when he saw his mther.
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参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jnathan Drri’s interest in plants dates back t his years when grwing up in suthwest Lndn. (乔纳森·德罗里对植物的兴趣可以追溯到他在伦敦西南部长大的时候。)”可知，乔纳森·德罗里对植物学的兴趣主要来自他的童年。故选D。
2．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“His new bk explains the histrical and cultural significance f different plant species. (他的新书解释了不同植物物种的历史和文化意义。)”可知，乔纳森·德罗里的新书与植物物种和文明有关。因此B项“Hw Plants Relate t Civilizatin (植物与文明的关系)” 最有可能是他的书的书名。故选B。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Hwever, it has gained ppularity in recent years thanks t being highly nutritius and a gd surce f beneficial acids. (然而，由于其营养丰富和有益酸的良好来源，近年来它越来越受欢迎。)”可知，苋菜越来越受欢迎得益于它的营养价值。故选C。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Yu’re always fighting, even with yur best friend.” she said.(“你总是在吵架，即使是和你最好的朋友。”她说)”可知，作者给中国朋友的印象是他经常和别人争论。故选C项。
5．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Each language pssesses an inner lgic, influencing hw its speakers structure sentences and understand wrds. This uniqueness extends beynd mere vcabulary; it spreads t the system f expressin, shaping thughts and ideas. Regardless f hw skilled ne becmes at cmmunicating, r hw many dictinaries they’ve read, they can nt guarantee that the listener understands them crrectly.(每种语言都有其内在的逻辑，影响着说这种语言的人如何组织句子和理解单词。这种独特性不仅仅局限于词汇；它传播到表达系统，形成思想和观念。不管一个人的沟通技巧有多熟练，或者他们读过多少字典，他们都不能保证听者能正确地理解他们的意思)”可知，在文章第二段作者指出不管一个人的沟通技巧有多熟练，或者他们读过多少字典，他们都不能保证听者能正确地理解他们的意思。由此推知，在第二段中作者强调的是语言显著的复杂性。故选B项。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I can cnfidently say that after all this time, I’m even mre cnfused than I was cncepts and ideas I learn abut Chinese culture expand endlessly, and I suspect that will always be true.(我可以自信地说，经历了这么久，我比当时更困惑了……我学到的关于中国文化的概念和想法是无穷无尽的，我怀疑这将永远是正确的) ”可知，深厚的中国文化让作者感到更困惑。故选A项。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I will embrace crss-cultural cnfusin and persist in understanding my Chinese friends, family, cwrkers and neighbrs, because that knwledge bears gifts f wisdm and jy. My life is better fr it.(我将接受跨文化的困惑，坚持理解我的中国朋友、家人、同事和邻居，因为这些知识会带来智慧和快乐。我的生活因此变得更好了)”可推知，作者决定将接受中国的现状。故选A项。
8．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Hwever, a recent study published in Nature Fd indicates that glbal fd miles might accunt fr as much as 20 percent f fd-related emissins, a significantly higher percentage than previus estimatins.(然而，最近发表在《自然食品》杂志上的一项研究表明，全球食物 里程可能占食品相关排放的20%，这一比例比之前的估计要高得)"可知，最近的研究发现全球食物里程导致的碳排放比预期的要多。故选D。
9．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容"Fd miles represent the distance fd travels frm prductin t cnsumptin, with previus studies suggesting that the emissins frm these miles are tiny cmpared t the emissins prduced during the fd grwing prcess. Fr instance, prducing ne kilgram f beef generates almst 99 kg f CO2, while apples nly prduce 0.4 kg per kilgram. (食物里程代表食物从生产到消费的距 离，之前的研究表明，与食物生长过程中产生的排 放量相比，这些里程的排放量很小。例如，生产一公斤牛肉会产生近99kg的二氧化碳，而一公斤苹果只产生0.4千克。)"可知，第二段通过对比生产一千克牛肉与生产一千克苹果产生的碳排放量，旨在强调食物生产对碳排放的影响。故选B。
10．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Therefre, reducing meat and dairy intake culd prve t be a mre effective strategy.(因此，减少肉类和奶制品的摄入量 可能是一种更有效的策略) "可知，减少与食物有关的碳足迹的一个潜在解决方法是减少肉类和奶制品 的摄入量。故选C。
11．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中"The reasn why the reprted prprtin is higher is that the calculatin includes all transprt invlved, including the transprtatin f fertilizers, farm equipment, and pesticides(杀虫剂).Hannah Ritchie, a researcher at the University f Oxfrd, suggests that a term ther than "fd miles' wuld be mre apprpriate t avid any cnfusin. If the study had fllwed the standard definitin f fd miles, the percentage wuld drp t 9 percent, which crrespnds mre clsely with the 4 t 6 percent fund in prir research.(报告的比例之所以 较高，是因为计算中包括了所有涉及的运输，包括 化肥、农业设备和杀虫剂的运输。牛津大学的研究 员Hannah Ritchie建议，为了避免混淆，使用一个比‘食物里程’更合适的术语。如果这项研究遵循食物里程的标准定义，这一比例将降至9%，这与之前 研究中发现的4%至6%更为接近) "可知，Ritchie认为 最新的研究扩大了“食物里程”的概念范围，故推测 他不赞成该研究，故选A。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中"Health care prfessinals nw fcus n placing the patient at the center f care, infrming them abut their ptins, and engaging them in treatment decisins. Fr example, they engage patients by asking, 'What's imprtant t yu? And what are yur pririties and gals as we talk abut a treatment plan?'(卫生保健专业人员现在的重 点是把病人放在护理的中心，告诉病人他们的选 择，并让他们参与治疗决策。例如，他们会问病 人:'对你来说什么是重要的?我们谈论治疗方案时 你的首要任务和目标是什么?')"可知，医生在共同 决策中向病人提出建议，故选D。
13．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"A 2017 study, published in the jurnal Circulatin: Cardivascular Quality and Outcmes fund that peple with heart disease wh went thrugh-shared decisin-making had better physical and mental health, better bedience t medicatin and lwer rates f staying in hspital and emergency department use.(2017年发表在《循环:心血管质量与结果》杂志上的一项研究发现，经历了共同决策的心脏病患者有更好的身心健康，更好地 服从药物治疗，住院和急诊室使用率更低) "可知，参与共同决策对病人的好处是缩短住院时间，故选 A。
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中"But research n hw t best apprach different cultural grups is lacking.(但是，关于如何最好地接近不同文化群体的 研究还很缺乏)"可知，共同决策最大的挑战是关于如何最好地接近不同文化群体的研究还很缺乏，即 医疗的独特性，故选C。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中"Tday, health care prfessinals are embracing the idea f shared decisin-making, where patients becme infrmed partners in their chices.(今天，卫生保健专 业人员正在接受共同决策的想法，患者在他们的选 择中成为知情的伙伴) "可知，文章主要介绍了共同 决策及其好处，也指出它面临的挑战，C项"共享决 策:医院的未来模式? "为最佳标题，故选C。
16．答案：BGCDA
解析：①根据上文"Yu frce yurself ut f bed and drag yur feet tward the bathrm, where yu glimpse a pale- faced stranger in the mirrr.(你强迫自己下了床，慢慢地走向浴室，在那里你在镜子里看到了一个脸色 苍白、睡眼惺忪的陌生人) "可知，此刻的自己状态 极差;再根据下文"After a mment, hwever, yu think, 'Wait, it's kay because tday is New Year's Day; there's time t get back in shape!'(然而，过了一会 儿，你觉得，'等等，没关系，因为今天是元旦，是时候恢复身材了!')"中的"hwever"可知，空处和下文之间存在转折关系，既然下文为"it's kay"，那么空处则与此相反，与选项B"你立刻惊恐地退了回去"中的"in hrrr"相对应。故选B。
②根据上文"Fr many peple, the start f a new year signals the end f a perid f verindulgence(放纵) in diet.(对许多人来说，新年的开始标志着一段时间过度放纵饮食的结束)"和下文"They ften revlve arund turning neself int a fit and healthy human being.(它们经常以把自己变成一个健康的人为中心) "可知，上文提到新年的开始标志着结束过度放 纵饮食，所以把自己变得更健康应是未来的计划， G项“在12月，人们通常通过制定新年计划来证明这 一点"符合语境，故选G。
③根据上文"Hwever, the fact is that apprximately 80% f them are abandned befre February. Hw des that happen?(然而，事实是，大约80%的计划在2月份之前就被遗弃了。这是怎么发生的?)"可知，此处提 出一个问题，结合下文"While we may have gd intentins when making reslutins, we are nt actually making enugh determinatin t live in a mre cntrlled way.(当我们下定决心的时候，我们可能 有很好的意图，但我们实际上并没有足够的决心来 控制自己的生活) "可知，人们没有足够的决心来执 行计划，故C项"这可能与自律有关"回答上文问题 与下文语义一致，故选C。
④下文"But in reality change is likely easier in smaller steps, which allws fr greater success.(但在现实中， 小步骤的改变可能更容易，从而取得更大的成功) "提到，在现实中，小步骤的改变可能更容易，空处与下文是转折关系，故空处是说人们制定很多 宏伟的计划，D项"许多人的计划都包含宏伟的措施"符合语境，故选D。
⑤根据上文"Mst imprtantly, remember that despite their name, New Year's reslutins shuld be fr life. (最重要的是，请记住，尽管名字叫新年决心，但它 应该是终身的)"可知，新年决心应该是终身的，即需要持续的努力，A项"改变需要时间和努力"符合语 境，且与下文"but with suitable strategies, there is n reasn why yu cannt stick t yur reslutins permanently r at least until March.(但如果有合适的策略，你没有理由不能永远坚持你的决心，或者至少坚持到3月份) "衔接得当，故选A。
17．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:自2010年以 来，梅里特一直试图在不离开自己社区的情况下完成绕地球24901英里的任务。A. measure测量;B. guess猜测;C. survey调查;D. cycle骑自行车。根据 下文"AI started cycling arund 11 years ag."可知，梅 里特完成绕地球24901英里的任务。故选D。
18．答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意:因此，梅里特 结识了他的许多邻居。A. In a wrd总之;B. As a result结果;C. On the cntrary相反;D. After all毕 竟。根据上文"withut ever leaving his wn neighbrhd"可知，所以梅里特结识了他的许多邻 居。故选B。
19．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:直到2021年 10月24日，他才意识到，每天的自行车旅行对他们 来说和对他来说一样有意义。A. time-cnsuming耗 时的;B. meaningful有意义的;C.usual常见的;D. demanding要求高的。根据下文"He represents hw an individual's small ______ can change an entire cmmunity, "said Lndn.可知，每天的自行车旅行 对他们来说意义重大。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:下午3点，近 200人到场祝贺梅里特“环球冒险之旅”的结束，一座 巨大的奖杯被放在他的怀里。A. adventure冒险.旅 行;B.expectatin期望;C. subject学科;D. phenmenn现象。根据"rund-the-wrld"可知，此 处指环球冒险之旅。故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:起初，他的骑 行距离约为5英里，然后是10到12英里，渐渐地，他 骑行的距离越来越长。A.unexpectedly意外地;B. immediately立即地;C. hpefully有希望地;D. gradually逐渐地。根据下文"At first, his rides were abut five miles lng, then 10 t 12 miles"可知，渐渐 地，他骑行的距离越来越长。故选D。
22．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:随着时间的推 移，他开始把地球的周长想得很大。A. again再次; B. twice两次; C.big大大;D.deep深地。骑行的距 离在增加，所以他开始把地球的周长想得很大。故 选C。
23．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:截至2020年 底，他总共行驶了21565英里。A. btained获得;B. dminated主导;C.cvered行走(一段路程);D. revlved旋转。根据下文"21,565 miles in ttal"可知，他总共行驶了21565英里。cver意为“行走一段距离”。故选C。
24．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:直到两名路人娜塔莉伦敦和泰勒普莱西蒂出现，才计划庆祝这一 目标。A. celebratin庆祝;B.delay推迟;C.excuse 借口; D. admissin承认;允许进入。根据下文"T celebrate the cmpletin"可知，直到两名路人娜塔莉伦敦和泰勒普莱西蒂出现，才计划庆祝这一目标。 故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:当梅里特骑着 自行车飞快地经过时，他们正在探望在伦敦的妈 妈。A. drve驾驶;B.flew疾驰;C. std站立;忍 受;D.slid滑。根据下文"quickly"可知，梅里特骑着 自行车飞快地经过。故选B。
26．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后被他的 故事所吸引，发现梅里特离完成目标只有几周的时 间了，他们问是否可以拍摄一部短片。A. speed速度;B. bike自行车;C. rute路线;D. stry故事。根 据上文可知，此处指他们被他的故事所吸引。故选 D。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. cast投掷;B. picture想象; C. film拍摄;D. advertise打广告。根据"shrt dcumentary."可知， film a shrt dcumentary意为"拍摄纪录片"。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:伦敦说:“他代表了一个人的微小行为如何改变整个社区。”A. deeds行为;B. destinies命运;C. reactins反应;D. recreatins娱乐。根据上文可知，此处指他的行为改 变了整个社区。故选A。
29．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了庆祝梅 里特的自行车目标的完成，他们秘密地印制了海 报，并将其放在几个街区的门口。 A. cities城市;B. landscapes风景;C. huses房子;D. blcks街区。根据下文"n drways"可知，此处指将 其放在几个街区的门口。故选D。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是他们也 对聚集的人群感到惊讶。A. gathered聚集;B. called 打电话;C. withdrew撤退;D. returned返回。根据上文"the huge crwd"可知，此处指对聚集的人群。故 选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:事实上，梅里特没有计划改变他的日常生活，因为它已经成为 他日常生活亮点。A. quality质量;B. burden负担; C. highlight亮点;D. impressin印象。根据上文可 知，此处指梅里特没有计划改变他的日常生活，因 为它已经受到了关注，成为他日常生活亮点。故选 C。
32．答案：which；largest；recgnized；were sht；a；t be admired；Reflecting；representatives；at/by；influential
解析：①考查定语从句。句意:宜宾的川南竹海是 四川人休闲时喜欢去的天然森林。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是frest，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
②考查形容词最高级。句意:120平方公里 的竹海是中国最大的原始竹林公园。结合句意及"in China"可知，此处指“中国最大的原始竹林公园”， 应用形容词最高级largest，作定语修饰名词短语 primitive bamb park，故填largest。
③考查非谓语动词。句意:竹海被认为是中 国十大最美丽的森林之一，自从奥斯卡获奖影片 《卧虎藏龙》的取景地在这里拍摄以来，竹海一直是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。句中已有谓语“has served”，空处应填非谓语动词形式，recgnize和The Bamb Sea之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词 recgnized作后置定语，修饰名词短语The Bamb Sea，故填recgnized。
④考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。主句是现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，且从句主语scenes和从句谓语动词sht 之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，从句主语表示复数意义，从句谓语复数形式，故填were sht。
⑤考查冠词。句意:2003年12月，竹林公园 被列为世界级竹林保护区，获得生态旅游评级，成 为中国第四个获得绿色全球21认证的旅游目的地， 使其受到更多的中国和世界人民的赞赏。reserve是 可数名词，此处泛指一个世界级竹林保护区，wrld-class以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填 a。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意同上。allw sb. t d sth. "允许某人做某事"，结合"by mre peple arund China and wrldwide"可知，admire和itself之 间是逻辑被动关系，故此处应用动词不定式的被动 式，故填t be admired。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:该认证反映了可 持续发展原则，以《21世纪议程》为基础，在1992 年联合国里约热内卢地球首脑会议上得到了来自世界182个国家和地区的代表的批准。非谓语动词 reflect和逻辑主语the certificatin之间是主谓关系， 应用现在分词形式表主动作状语，首字母应大写，故填Reflecting。
⑧考查名词复数。句意同上。空处应填名词 作介词by的宾语，representative“代表”，可数名词，由f 182 cuntries and regins可知此处应用复数形式，故填representatives。
⑨考查介词。句意:宋朝 (960-1279)诗人黄庭坚惊叹于它的浩瀚，将其形容为"竹波"。be amazed at/by"对……大为惊奇"，固定搭配，故填 at/by。
⑩考查形容词。句意:由于黄庭坚是一位有影响力的文学家，他的描述为这片森林带来了一个流行的绰号竹海。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词man, influential"有影响力的"，形容词，故填influential。
33．答案：Bradcasters Wanted
Wuld yu like t have yur vice spread and impress thers? The English Bradcasting Statin is the right chice fr yu!
We have a great team f students here wh are passinate abut English news and English bradcasting! What must be stressed is that the statin hlds a cnsiderable number f fantastic activities every week, ranging frm English Speech Cntest t English Drama Shw. It has becme ne f the mst ppular student rganizatins in ur schl. Mrever, we regularly invite prfessinal TV bradcasters t cmmunicate with us t imprve ur related skills.
If interested, please send yur applicatin t englishbradingstatin@163.cm r hand it in t ur ffice Rm 211 in the Students’ Center n later than March 10 th.
Lking frward t yur enthusiastic participatin!
解析：1.词汇积累
热情的：passinate→enthusiastic
强调：stress→emphasize
比赛：cntest→cmpetitin
此外：mrever→what’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Mrever, we regularly invite prfessinal TV bradcasters t cmmunicate with us t imprve ur related skills.
拓展句：Mrever, we regularly invite prfessinal TV bradcasters t cmmunicate with us s that ur related skills can be imprved.
【高分句型1】We have a great team f students here wh are passinate abut English news and English bradcasting!（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】What must be stressed is that the statin hlds a cnsiderable number f fantastic activities every week, ranging frm English Speech Cntest t English Drama Shw.（运用了what引导主语从句以及that引导表语从句和现在分词作状语）
34．答案： Lking at the ntes n the desk the next day, Jhn was lst in thught. “Shuld I use the mney fr the cmpetitin”, he asked himself, balancing his passin fr painting against his lunches t be lst. Lve fr art beating the ther, he bught paints and brushes with sme f the ntes, and dashed t sign up fr it, after which he put his heart and sul int finishing painting. After handing it in, he went hme, his dancing heart ready t jump frm his bdy. Weeks later, t his great surprise, a call came annuncing that he had wn the first place and he was invited t give a speech at the award ceremny.
At the award ceremny Jhn was abut t speak when he saw his mther. Wild excitement tk hld f him, but he calmed dwn and began his speech, in which he expressed appreciatin fr the glden pprtunity t shw his lve fr painting and share the jy. After a shrt pause, he said emtinally, “Abve all, I shuld be grateful t the greatest wman in my mind — my belved mther. Cme n stage, dear mum!” Then his mther went frward, with thunderus applause and cheers almst shting thrugh the rf. Excited tears streaming dwn her cheeks, she hugged her sn tightly, saying she had knwn all and wuld supprt his passin with all energy and strength.
解析：1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，Jhn看着桌上的钞票，陷入了沉思”可知，第一段可描写Jhn拿午餐钱买了颜料和画笔去参加比赛，获得了一等奖，被邀参加颁奖典礼。
②由第二段首句内容“在颁奖典礼上，Jhn正要发言，这时他看见了他的母亲”可知，第二段可描写Jhn发表获奖感言，表达对母亲的感谢，以及母亲的反应。
2. 续写线索：沉思——买东西并参赛——得知获奖——颁奖典礼——发表演讲并感谢母亲——母亲的反应
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①冲：dash/rush/race
②完成：finish/cmplete
③发表演讲：give a speech/deliver a speech
④拥抱：hug/embrace
情绪类
①惊讶：surprise/astnishment
②激动：excitement/thrill
[高分句型1] Lve fr art beating the ther, he bught paints and brushes with sme f the ntes, and dashed t sign up fr it, after which he put his heart and sul int finishing painting.（独立主格结构作状语、由“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Weeks later, t his great surprise, a call came annuncing that he had wn the first place and he was invited t give a speech at the award ceremny.（由连接词that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型3] Excited tears streaming dwn her cheeks, she hugged her sn tightly, saying she had knwn all and wuld supprt his passin with all energy and strength.（独立主格结构作状语、现在分词短语saying…作状语）