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陕西省汉中市2024届高三下学期二模考试 英语 Word版含答案
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这是一份陕西省汉中市2024届高三下学期二模考试 英语 Word版含答案，共11页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(命题学校：城固县第一中学)
注意事项：
1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上，否则无效。
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man prbably d?
A. Visit Bill. B. Play tennis. C. G swimming.
2. What time is Alex suppsed t arrive?
A. At 8:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:15.
3. Where will the speakers prbably spend their vacatin?
A. In China. B. In Italy. C. In Krea.
4. Which clr MP4 player des the man want?
A. Green. B. Brwn. C. Blue.
5. What is the man ding?
A. Making an aplgy. B. Making an invitatin.
C. Offering help.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. At the cunter. B. On the plane. C. At the airprt.
7. When will the plane get t Paris pssibly?
A.10:00. B.11:40. C.10:40.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the wman ging t d?
A. Paint the rm herself.
B. Mve t the Missin Inn Htel.
C. Ask her sn t stay in anther htel.
9. What’s the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Huse wner and renter. B. Mther and sn.
C. Receptinist and custmer.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至 12题。
10. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. The jewelry. B. A rbbery. C. A fact.
11. Which f the fllwing is marked?
A. The cmputer. B. The jewelry. C. The fridge.
12. What d we knw abut the wman’s husband?
A. He has fund sme traces.
B. He is n the way back frm Canada.
C. He has n idea what has happened.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Neighbrs. C. Friends.
14. When did the man begin t wrk?
A. In 2008. B. In 2014. C. In 2016.
15. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is busy. B. She lived here fr 10 years.
C. She mved here due t her jb.
16. What des the man think f the wman?
A. She is busy. B. She is dishnest. C. She appears yunger.
听第10段材料，回答第17至 20题。
17. Which seasn is called “the hliday seasn”?
A. Spring. B. Winter. C. Summer.
18. When is Christmas n the Eastern Christian calendar?
A. January 7. B. January 1. C. December 25.
19. Hw d peple celebrate Christmas?
A. By eating at fast fd restaurants.
B. By uniting with their families.
C. By singing sngs at hme.
20. Where d peple place Christmas trees?
A. On the Street. B. In the church. C. On public squares
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With its never-ending list f must-see attractins, Eurpe can prve irresistible t even the mst experienced travelers. Here are sme f the prettiest small twns acrss Eurpe.
Giethrn, Netherlands
They call it the Dutch answer t Venice, but Giethrn lacks ne crucial thing that the Italian city has verturism. As in Venice, life ges arund water. There are n cars in the center s the way t get arund is n ft r n the water. Hungry? Stp at the Michelin-starred restaurant Hllands Venetie.
Guimarães, Prtugal
Guimarães is crucial t Prtugal’s histry—it was named the cuntry’s first capital in the 12th century. Its Middle-Ages cre remains largely undamaged, full f grand ld palaces, and a brken castle stands n tp f a cliff. Like elsewhere in Prtugal, lcal bakeries make tasty pies.
Clvelly, U. K.
Dnkeys used t be the nly way t get up and dwn the steep streets f Clvelly, a pretty fishing village in Devn, suthwest England. Tday, they still haven’t managed t bring cars in. It perches n a 400-ft cliff. Instead, gds are transprted by dnkey-pwered sledges (雪橇).
Kenmare, Ireland
On the suthwestern tip f Ireland, the land melts int the cean in Cunty Kerry. Kenmar e is in the heart f the bay f the same name. This is in the middle f sme f Ireland’s best-lved areas. Kenmare is knwn fr its fd, and fr its views—with grand muntains behind the clear bay.
21. Hw can ne travel in Giethrn?
A. By car. B. By water. C. By air. D. By bus.
22. Why is Guimarães imprtant t Prtugal’s histry?
A. It was the cuntry’s first capital. B. It has many grand ld palaces.
C. It stands n tp f a cliff. D. It attracted many famus bakers.
23. In which place can yu experience the life f a fishing village?
A. Giethrn. B. Guimarães. C. Clvelly. D. Kenmare.
B
Aged 15 in high schl, I was talkative and utging, ften betting that nbdy else wuld d their hmewrk, s I needn’t either. I did nt enjy gemetry (几何), althugh I liked the philsphical apprach f ur teacher, Mrs Trenhlm. She tld us that gemetry was abut humankind’s ability t wrk things ut.
A mnth r s int the year we started n Euclidean gemetry. We were all struggling and I was prbably the mst vcal (敢于直言的) in class abut it. Mrs Trenhlm set us hmewrk — t prve tw angles in a cmplex gemetric shape are equal. She pulled me aside as we were leaving class and said, “Dn’t talk yur way ut f this.”
I went hme, wrked n it fr 20 minutes and gave up. Later I decided t try again. My handwriting was messy, and I nticed that if I made the diagram neater and bigger, I culd see where I prbably went wrng. At abut 5 am, I gt it and felt like my brain had been rewired!
I handed it in the next day. Mrs Trenhlm wuld never embarrass students in frnt f everyne. S she came t me and handed me the paper with a little check mark in the crner. She lked right at me and asked, “Did yu d this?” When I said yes, she ndded and went back t the frnt f the class, declaring, “One f yu nw understands Euclidean gemetry. Let’s keep ging s everybdy will get it.”
Frm then n, I fund that if I cncentrated and wrked hard, I culd understand and even enjy a subject. I went n t study maths and physics at university, tk a master’s degree in applied science and became a nuclear research scientist. I became smene wh n lnger allwed myself the freedm t talk myself ut f dealing with prblems, r give up when things seemed t difficult.
24. Hw can we describe the authr frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was nt skilled at scializing. B. He always had bets with thers.
C. He was absrbed in philsphy. D. He had truble studying gemetry.
25. Why did Mrs Trenhlm pull the authr aside after class?
A. T warn him nt t talk t much. B. T give him sme tips n hmewrk.
C. T make him take hmewrk seriusly.D. T encurage him t try mre appraches.
26. What was Mrs Trenhlm’s initial feeling abut the authr’s hmewrk?
A. Excited. B. Relieved. C. Disapprving. D. Disbelieving.
27. What did the authr want t express thrugh the last paragraph?
A. He wuld g fr mre freedm. B. The maths puzzle was a life changer.
C. That lessn taught him t think twice. D. His university life was pretty clrful.
C
When I was a graduate student, my clleagues and I were wndering hw lsing ne night f sleep affects a persn’s ability t manage their emtins.
Once a week, typically n Friday evening, we wuld stay up all night t mnitr ur participants and ensure they fllwed the experimental plan. At abut nn the next day, we wuld all g ut f the lab, wrn ut and eager t get hme and rest.
Tw mnths int the experiment, I was in my car at a traffic light when a silly lve sng started playing n the radi. Suddenly, I cried uncntrllably. I remember feeling surprised at my reactin. It then hit me that I was nt just studying sleep deprivatin (睡眠剥夺)— I had becme part f the study. Weeks f missed sleep had caused harm, and I was n lnger in cntrl f my emtins.
That research prject prved a strng cnnectin between gd sleep and emtinal health. In healthy individuals, gd-quality sleep is linked with a mre psitive md-- and it takes just ne night f sleep deprivatin t cause anxiety and depressin the fllwing mrning. Mrever, peple wh suffer frm lng-term sleep deprivatin tend t experience daily events mre negatively.
Fr decades researchers and medical prfessrs have cnsidered sleep lss a by-prduct r symptm f depressin r anxiety. In ther wrds, first cmes the anxiety, and then sleep lss. Tday we knw that this rder can be reversed. Much evidence shws that peple wh suffer frm insmnia (失眠症) are at least twice as likely t develp depressin r anxiety later in life, cmpared with individuals wh sleep well.
Stepping back, we can find that mental and emtinal health rely n a delicate balance. A single sleepless night can therefre d damage. The science f sleep and mental health suggests that falling t address the prblems that prevent peple frm getting enugh rest will leave peple easily hurt in mind.
28. What is the authr’s research mainly abut?
A. The link between sleep and emtins. B. The damage f sleep deprivatin.
C. Ways t imprve mental health. D. Factrs that affect emtins.
29. Hw was the research cnducted?
A. By referring t previus research. B. By making researchers the subjects.
C. By ding experiments n participants. D. By including music in the prcess.
30. Why did the authr burst int tears?
A. The lve sng was s tuching. B. She was severely lacking in sleep.
C. She missed her family t much. D. The research was t stressful.
31. Which wrd can replace the underlined wrd “reversed” in paragraph 5?
A. Switched. B. Disclsed. C. Identified. D. Arrange
D
Yu might think a cmputer wuld be a fair judge, but a new study frm MIT finds it might be better fr yu t leave yurself in the hands f humans. AI wn’t let peple ff easily when they break the rule!
This study examined hw AI wuld interpret perceived vilatins (违反) f a given cde. They discvered the mst effective data fr AI training is nrmative (规范的) data, where humans determine whether a rule has been vilated. Hwever, data used t train machine-learning mdels are typically labeled descriptively —meaning peple label the factual features f a situatin, and AI determines whether a cde has been brken.
The team gathered images f dgs that culd ptentially vilate an apartment rule banning aggressive animals. Labelers were then asked t prvide nrmative and descriptive respnses. The descriptive team wasn’t infrmed abut the plicy n dgs, and was asked t identify whether elements, such as the dg’s aggressin, were present. Their respnses helped t frm judgments. If a user said the pht described an aggressive dg, the plicy was cnsidered t be vilated. On the ther hand, the nrmative grup infrmed abut the rule and was asked t determine whether each image vilated the rule.
Participants were 20 percent mre likely t identify a vilatin using the descriptive methd. If the descriptive data n dg behavir had been used t prgram an AI mdel, it wuld be mre likely t issue severe punishment. These inaccuracies culd be a real-wrld cncern.
The researchers advcate fr increased data transparency (透明性) t understand hw data is cllected. And their future wrk is t investigate the impact f having experts, such as lawyers and dctrs, participate in data entry t see if it will lead t the same result. “”Generally, nrmative decisins tend t be mre lenient (宽容的),” says lead authr Aparna Balagpalan. “Perhaps the way peple think abut vilatins differs frm hw they think abut descriptive data.”
32. What can we learn abut descriptive data?
A. They cnsist f causes f a situatin. B. They lead t mre accurate judgment.
C. They’re usually used t train AI. D. They’re gathered t identify rule vilatin.
33. Why des the authr mentin the example in paragraph 4?
A. T highlight a prblem. B. T intrduce a tpic.
C. T present a fact. D. T ppse an pinin.
34. What d the researchers plan t d?
A. Use mre nrmative data. B. Cnduct studies with prfessinal labelers.
C. Find new ways t gather data. D. Seek advice n data entry frm experts.
35. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. AI: rule defender r breaker? B. Data set: decisive part f AI
C. Better data: descriptive r nrmative? D. AI judge: stricter than humans
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever received an invitatin that yu culdn’t accept? D yu struggle with hw t decline withut hurting smene’s feelings r causing cnflict? Des it bther yu t turn smene dwn? If the answer is yes t any f these questins, yu’re nt alne. In fact, this happens t mst peple at sme time in their lives. 36 . Here are sme tips n hw t turn dwn an invitatin in the mst plite way.
Dn’t wait and dn’t ignre the invitatin.
As sn as yu knw yu will be unable t g, let the persn knw. Mst events require planning and budgeting. 37 . She needs t knw whether r nt yu’ll be there. Ignring the invitatin shws that yu dn’t knw prper etiquette (礼节), and yu might be left ff the guest list fr her next party.
38
Always sincerely thank the persn fr inviting yu and let her knw that yu’re hnred that she’d think highly enugh f yu t send the invitatin.
Dn’t tell lies and dn’t ver-explain.
Yu dn’t ever have t cme up with false excuses fr why yu’re unable t g t the event, but yu als dn’t have t g int detail. 39 That shuld be enugh. And remember that when yu give reasns, keep yur explanatin shrt and t the pint. Ding therwise will make it sund like yu’re just trying t make up excuses.
Ask fr a different time
If the invitatin is exclusive (独有的) t yu, let the persn knw yu’re unable t make it at the time she requested, 40
A. Express appreciatin fr the invitatin.
B. The key is t let the persn knw whether r nt yu can accept the invitatin as sn as pssible and in a plite manner.
C. and yu feel really srry abut that.
D. but yu’d lve t get tgether with her at anther time.
E. Putting the invitatin aside t deal with later isn’t gd fr yu r the persn wh sent it.
F. It is implite t refuse an invitatin frm thers.
G. Let her knw that yu already have plans.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peple always tell me I was brave t apply t medical schl in my 30s. But fr me, the bravest thing was t 41 frm being a dctr 10 years later.
I’d always wanted t study 42 t help release the wrld frm sufferings, but believing I was nt bright enugh, I left schl at 15 and didn’t return t educatin 43 my 30s. 44 the fact that the cmmute (通勤) was tugh and the mney was 45 , I kept ging this time. I dreamed f becming a dctr wh made a(n) 46 .
I spent five years at medical schl learning 47 t fix things, but after graduatin, when I wrked in a hspital, I sn discvered there were many things in life I was unable t 48 . It wasn’t the wrklad I struggled with, thugh. What I fund really 49 was the emtinal lad. As a dctr, I knew I wuld 50 upsetting things. I knew I wuld watch peple die and I knew I wuld see the mst awful things. Hwever, being always present at all these mments became a 51 fr me.
I knew I needed a slutin 52 it, and I finally 53 writing. Writing allwed me an escape, a dr int anther wrld, and it als helped t 54 my anxieties. Writing, smething I had started as a frm f treatment, nw gave me success, an exit card, and a chance f self-prtectin. 55 , I was wndering whether I was a dctr r a writer. Having thught thick and thin, I 56 my jb and tk the writing.
It was nt a decisin I made 57 . I knew if I didn’t put 58 first, I wuld eventually disappear.
I still wrk n the wards (病房) nw, but as a(an) 59 . There are times when yu need t fcus n yurself. If yu have walked s far dwn a rugh rad, yu may find it 60 t head back because walking away is ften the safest rute f all.
41. A. hide B. suffer C. leave D. lean
42. A. educatin B. medicine C. histry D. maths
43. A. until B. befre C. after D. since
44. A. Fr B. With C. Given D. Despite
45. A. sufficient B. tight C. wrthless D. missing
46. A. wish B. decisin C. difference D. applicatin
47. A. what B. wh C. which D. hw
48. A. handle B. recgnize C. chse D. decide
49. A. amazing B. impssible C. essential D. significant
50. A. cause B. abandn C. witness D. fix
51. A. gift B. practice C. burden D. luck
52. A. by B. t C. with D. fr
53. A. turned t B. gave up C. run fr D. figured ut
54. A. find ut B. wipe ut C. hand ut D. pick ut
55. A. Recently B. Originally C. Apparently D. Gradually
56. A. quitted B. regained C. cntinued D. led
57. A. seriusly B. sadly C. aimlessly D. lightly
58. A. myself B. himself C. itself D. herself
59. A. expert B. leader C. vlunteer D. dctr
60. A. easy B. frtunate C. hard D. wise
第II卷(非选择题 共50分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Technlgy isn’t the nly way 61 (frecast) the weather. Nature has 62 (it) ways, t. Unusual animal behavir, fr example, can indicate whether it’s cld, wet weather that’s n the way 63 a ht, dry perid. If fish are jumping 64 (high) than usual r frgs are craking mre ludly, it may rain. And next time yu lk up 65 the sky, dn’t just lk fr rain cluds, but als fr birds. If they are flying lw, grab yur umbrella. It is als said that 66 (muse) and snakes head fr safer grund several days befre 67 earthquake, while dgs 68 (avid) the beach may be a sign that a tsunami 69 (apprach). Of curse, althugh these things may suggest smething bad is ging t happen, they wn’t tell us when and where. S, fr accurate and 70 (rely) predictins, it’s best t check an fficial, scientific reprt.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tm,
It’s great t hear frm yu. Thanks t yur birthday card! Yu asked if I have been thinking a lt abut the future nw that I’m 17. The answer is yes! Things change s quickly, dn’t yu? I mean, in just a year’s time, I will can be an adult. And this time in tw mnths, I will be taking the Cllege Entrance Examinatin. Hpeful, I will pass it! Then, in a cuple f mnths, I will be study at a university. I want chse law. After graduate, I will lk fr a jb relate t law. In the lng term, I hpe that 20 years frm tday, I will be wrking as the judge. Let’s see hw things g. What are yu hping t d in the future? Tell me yur plans.
Best wish fr yu!
Diana
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark从新闻上看到中药抗疫有奇效，向你咨询有关中医药的情况。请你回一封邮件给予介绍。
要点如下：1.历史悠久；2.效果显著；3.获得国际认可。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： 新冠 COVID-19 疫情 epidemic 世界卫生组织W HO
Dear Mark,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
汉中市 2024 届高三年级教学质量第二次检测考试
英语参考答案
听力：
1~5 CABAB 6~10 CCAAB 11~15 ACBAC 16~20 CBABC
阅读理解：
21-23 BAC 24-27DCDB 28-31 ACBA 32-35 CABD 36-40 BEAGD
完形填空：
41-45 CBADB 46-50 CDABC 51-55 CBABD 56-60ADACD
语法填空：
61. t frecast 62. its 63. r 64. higher 65. at/int
66. mice 67. an 68. aviding 69. is appraching 70. reliable
短文改错：
Dear Tm,
It’s great t hear frm yu. Thanks t yur birthday card! Yu asked if I have been thinking a lt
fr
abut the future nw that I’m 17. The answer is yes! Things change s quickly, dn’t yu? I mean,
they
in just a year’s time, I will can be an adult. And this time in tw mnths, I will be taking the
删掉
Cllege Entrance Examinatin. Hpeful, I will pass it! Then, in a cuple f mnths, I will be study
Hpefully studying
at a university. I want∧ chse law. After graduate, I will lk fr a jb relate t law. In the lng
t graduatin related/relating
term, I hpe that 20 years frm tday, I will be wrking as the judge. Let’s see hw things g. What are yu hping
a
t d in the future? Tell me yur plans.
Best wish fr yu!
wishes
Diana.
书面表达：
Dear Mark,
I’m glad that yu shw great interest in the culture f Chinese medicine since sme freigners even dn’t have a clear understanding f it.
Just as yu see frm the news reprt, Chinese medicine has a significant effect n resisting COVID-19. As a matter f fact, Chinese medicine has a lng histry and plays an imprtant rle in the develpment f medicine. It’s different frm the western medicine but effective in treatment, which has prved successful in the clinic applicatin. In the prcess f fighting against the epidemic, Chinese medicine has als gained the internatinal recgnitin.
I hpe that my infrmatin can be helpful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
(命题学校：城固县第一中学)
注意事项：
1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上，否则无效。
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man prbably d?
A. Visit Bill. B. Play tennis. C. G swimming.
2. What time is Alex suppsed t arrive?
A. At 8:00. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:15.
3. Where will the speakers prbably spend their vacatin?
A. In China. B. In Italy. C. In Krea.
4. Which clr MP4 player des the man want?
A. Green. B. Brwn. C. Blue.
5. What is the man ding?
A. Making an aplgy. B. Making an invitatin.
C. Offering help.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. At the cunter. B. On the plane. C. At the airprt.
7. When will the plane get t Paris pssibly?
A.10:00. B.11:40. C.10:40.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the wman ging t d?
A. Paint the rm herself.
B. Mve t the Missin Inn Htel.
C. Ask her sn t stay in anther htel.
9. What’s the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Huse wner and renter. B. Mther and sn.
C. Receptinist and custmer.
听第8段材料， 回答第10至 12题。
10. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. The jewelry. B. A rbbery. C. A fact.
11. Which f the fllwing is marked?
A. The cmputer. B. The jewelry. C. The fridge.
12. What d we knw abut the wman’s husband?
A. He has fund sme traces.
B. He is n the way back frm Canada.
C. He has n idea what has happened.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Neighbrs. C. Friends.
14. When did the man begin t wrk?
A. In 2008. B. In 2014. C. In 2016.
15. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She is busy. B. She lived here fr 10 years.
C. She mved here due t her jb.
16. What des the man think f the wman?
A. She is busy. B. She is dishnest. C. She appears yunger.
听第10段材料，回答第17至 20题。
17. Which seasn is called “the hliday seasn”?
A. Spring. B. Winter. C. Summer.
18. When is Christmas n the Eastern Christian calendar?
A. January 7. B. January 1. C. December 25.
19. Hw d peple celebrate Christmas?
A. By eating at fast fd restaurants.
B. By uniting with their families.
C. By singing sngs at hme.
20. Where d peple place Christmas trees?
A. On the Street. B. In the church. C. On public squares
第二部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With its never-ending list f must-see attractins, Eurpe can prve irresistible t even the mst experienced travelers. Here are sme f the prettiest small twns acrss Eurpe.
Giethrn, Netherlands
They call it the Dutch answer t Venice, but Giethrn lacks ne crucial thing that the Italian city has verturism. As in Venice, life ges arund water. There are n cars in the center s the way t get arund is n ft r n the water. Hungry? Stp at the Michelin-starred restaurant Hllands Venetie.
Guimarães, Prtugal
Guimarães is crucial t Prtugal’s histry—it was named the cuntry’s first capital in the 12th century. Its Middle-Ages cre remains largely undamaged, full f grand ld palaces, and a brken castle stands n tp f a cliff. Like elsewhere in Prtugal, lcal bakeries make tasty pies.
Clvelly, U. K.
Dnkeys used t be the nly way t get up and dwn the steep streets f Clvelly, a pretty fishing village in Devn, suthwest England. Tday, they still haven’t managed t bring cars in. It perches n a 400-ft cliff. Instead, gds are transprted by dnkey-pwered sledges (雪橇).
Kenmare, Ireland
On the suthwestern tip f Ireland, the land melts int the cean in Cunty Kerry. Kenmar e is in the heart f the bay f the same name. This is in the middle f sme f Ireland’s best-lved areas. Kenmare is knwn fr its fd, and fr its views—with grand muntains behind the clear bay.
21. Hw can ne travel in Giethrn?
A. By car. B. By water. C. By air. D. By bus.
22. Why is Guimarães imprtant t Prtugal’s histry?
A. It was the cuntry’s first capital. B. It has many grand ld palaces.
C. It stands n tp f a cliff. D. It attracted many famus bakers.
23. In which place can yu experience the life f a fishing village?
A. Giethrn. B. Guimarães. C. Clvelly. D. Kenmare.
B
Aged 15 in high schl, I was talkative and utging, ften betting that nbdy else wuld d their hmewrk, s I needn’t either. I did nt enjy gemetry (几何), althugh I liked the philsphical apprach f ur teacher, Mrs Trenhlm. She tld us that gemetry was abut humankind’s ability t wrk things ut.
A mnth r s int the year we started n Euclidean gemetry. We were all struggling and I was prbably the mst vcal (敢于直言的) in class abut it. Mrs Trenhlm set us hmewrk — t prve tw angles in a cmplex gemetric shape are equal. She pulled me aside as we were leaving class and said, “Dn’t talk yur way ut f this.”
I went hme, wrked n it fr 20 minutes and gave up. Later I decided t try again. My handwriting was messy, and I nticed that if I made the diagram neater and bigger, I culd see where I prbably went wrng. At abut 5 am, I gt it and felt like my brain had been rewired!
I handed it in the next day. Mrs Trenhlm wuld never embarrass students in frnt f everyne. S she came t me and handed me the paper with a little check mark in the crner. She lked right at me and asked, “Did yu d this?” When I said yes, she ndded and went back t the frnt f the class, declaring, “One f yu nw understands Euclidean gemetry. Let’s keep ging s everybdy will get it.”
Frm then n, I fund that if I cncentrated and wrked hard, I culd understand and even enjy a subject. I went n t study maths and physics at university, tk a master’s degree in applied science and became a nuclear research scientist. I became smene wh n lnger allwed myself the freedm t talk myself ut f dealing with prblems, r give up when things seemed t difficult.
24. Hw can we describe the authr frm the first tw paragraphs?
A. He was nt skilled at scializing. B. He always had bets with thers.
C. He was absrbed in philsphy. D. He had truble studying gemetry.
25. Why did Mrs Trenhlm pull the authr aside after class?
A. T warn him nt t talk t much. B. T give him sme tips n hmewrk.
C. T make him take hmewrk seriusly.D. T encurage him t try mre appraches.
26. What was Mrs Trenhlm’s initial feeling abut the authr’s hmewrk?
A. Excited. B. Relieved. C. Disapprving. D. Disbelieving.
27. What did the authr want t express thrugh the last paragraph?
A. He wuld g fr mre freedm. B. The maths puzzle was a life changer.
C. That lessn taught him t think twice. D. His university life was pretty clrful.
C
When I was a graduate student, my clleagues and I were wndering hw lsing ne night f sleep affects a persn’s ability t manage their emtins.
Once a week, typically n Friday evening, we wuld stay up all night t mnitr ur participants and ensure they fllwed the experimental plan. At abut nn the next day, we wuld all g ut f the lab, wrn ut and eager t get hme and rest.
Tw mnths int the experiment, I was in my car at a traffic light when a silly lve sng started playing n the radi. Suddenly, I cried uncntrllably. I remember feeling surprised at my reactin. It then hit me that I was nt just studying sleep deprivatin (睡眠剥夺)— I had becme part f the study. Weeks f missed sleep had caused harm, and I was n lnger in cntrl f my emtins.
That research prject prved a strng cnnectin between gd sleep and emtinal health. In healthy individuals, gd-quality sleep is linked with a mre psitive md-- and it takes just ne night f sleep deprivatin t cause anxiety and depressin the fllwing mrning. Mrever, peple wh suffer frm lng-term sleep deprivatin tend t experience daily events mre negatively.
Fr decades researchers and medical prfessrs have cnsidered sleep lss a by-prduct r symptm f depressin r anxiety. In ther wrds, first cmes the anxiety, and then sleep lss. Tday we knw that this rder can be reversed. Much evidence shws that peple wh suffer frm insmnia (失眠症) are at least twice as likely t develp depressin r anxiety later in life, cmpared with individuals wh sleep well.
Stepping back, we can find that mental and emtinal health rely n a delicate balance. A single sleepless night can therefre d damage. The science f sleep and mental health suggests that falling t address the prblems that prevent peple frm getting enugh rest will leave peple easily hurt in mind.
28. What is the authr’s research mainly abut?
A. The link between sleep and emtins. B. The damage f sleep deprivatin.
C. Ways t imprve mental health. D. Factrs that affect emtins.
29. Hw was the research cnducted?
A. By referring t previus research. B. By making researchers the subjects.
C. By ding experiments n participants. D. By including music in the prcess.
30. Why did the authr burst int tears?
A. The lve sng was s tuching. B. She was severely lacking in sleep.
C. She missed her family t much. D. The research was t stressful.
31. Which wrd can replace the underlined wrd “reversed” in paragraph 5?
A. Switched. B. Disclsed. C. Identified. D. Arrange
D
Yu might think a cmputer wuld be a fair judge, but a new study frm MIT finds it might be better fr yu t leave yurself in the hands f humans. AI wn’t let peple ff easily when they break the rule!
This study examined hw AI wuld interpret perceived vilatins (违反) f a given cde. They discvered the mst effective data fr AI training is nrmative (规范的) data, where humans determine whether a rule has been vilated. Hwever, data used t train machine-learning mdels are typically labeled descriptively —meaning peple label the factual features f a situatin, and AI determines whether a cde has been brken.
The team gathered images f dgs that culd ptentially vilate an apartment rule banning aggressive animals. Labelers were then asked t prvide nrmative and descriptive respnses. The descriptive team wasn’t infrmed abut the plicy n dgs, and was asked t identify whether elements, such as the dg’s aggressin, were present. Their respnses helped t frm judgments. If a user said the pht described an aggressive dg, the plicy was cnsidered t be vilated. On the ther hand, the nrmative grup infrmed abut the rule and was asked t determine whether each image vilated the rule.
Participants were 20 percent mre likely t identify a vilatin using the descriptive methd. If the descriptive data n dg behavir had been used t prgram an AI mdel, it wuld be mre likely t issue severe punishment. These inaccuracies culd be a real-wrld cncern.
The researchers advcate fr increased data transparency (透明性) t understand hw data is cllected. And their future wrk is t investigate the impact f having experts, such as lawyers and dctrs, participate in data entry t see if it will lead t the same result. “”Generally, nrmative decisins tend t be mre lenient (宽容的),” says lead authr Aparna Balagpalan. “Perhaps the way peple think abut vilatins differs frm hw they think abut descriptive data.”
32. What can we learn abut descriptive data?
A. They cnsist f causes f a situatin. B. They lead t mre accurate judgment.
C. They’re usually used t train AI. D. They’re gathered t identify rule vilatin.
33. Why des the authr mentin the example in paragraph 4?
A. T highlight a prblem. B. T intrduce a tpic.
C. T present a fact. D. T ppse an pinin.
34. What d the researchers plan t d?
A. Use mre nrmative data. B. Cnduct studies with prfessinal labelers.
C. Find new ways t gather data. D. Seek advice n data entry frm experts.
35. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. AI: rule defender r breaker? B. Data set: decisive part f AI
C. Better data: descriptive r nrmative? D. AI judge: stricter than humans
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu ever received an invitatin that yu culdn’t accept? D yu struggle with hw t decline withut hurting smene’s feelings r causing cnflict? Des it bther yu t turn smene dwn? If the answer is yes t any f these questins, yu’re nt alne. In fact, this happens t mst peple at sme time in their lives. 36 . Here are sme tips n hw t turn dwn an invitatin in the mst plite way.
Dn’t wait and dn’t ignre the invitatin.
As sn as yu knw yu will be unable t g, let the persn knw. Mst events require planning and budgeting. 37 . She needs t knw whether r nt yu’ll be there. Ignring the invitatin shws that yu dn’t knw prper etiquette (礼节), and yu might be left ff the guest list fr her next party.
38
Always sincerely thank the persn fr inviting yu and let her knw that yu’re hnred that she’d think highly enugh f yu t send the invitatin.
Dn’t tell lies and dn’t ver-explain.
Yu dn’t ever have t cme up with false excuses fr why yu’re unable t g t the event, but yu als dn’t have t g int detail. 39 That shuld be enugh. And remember that when yu give reasns, keep yur explanatin shrt and t the pint. Ding therwise will make it sund like yu’re just trying t make up excuses.
Ask fr a different time
If the invitatin is exclusive (独有的) t yu, let the persn knw yu’re unable t make it at the time she requested, 40
A. Express appreciatin fr the invitatin.
B. The key is t let the persn knw whether r nt yu can accept the invitatin as sn as pssible and in a plite manner.
C. and yu feel really srry abut that.
D. but yu’d lve t get tgether with her at anther time.
E. Putting the invitatin aside t deal with later isn’t gd fr yu r the persn wh sent it.
F. It is implite t refuse an invitatin frm thers.
G. Let her knw that yu already have plans.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peple always tell me I was brave t apply t medical schl in my 30s. But fr me, the bravest thing was t 41 frm being a dctr 10 years later.
I’d always wanted t study 42 t help release the wrld frm sufferings, but believing I was nt bright enugh, I left schl at 15 and didn’t return t educatin 43 my 30s. 44 the fact that the cmmute (通勤) was tugh and the mney was 45 , I kept ging this time. I dreamed f becming a dctr wh made a(n) 46 .
I spent five years at medical schl learning 47 t fix things, but after graduatin, when I wrked in a hspital, I sn discvered there were many things in life I was unable t 48 . It wasn’t the wrklad I struggled with, thugh. What I fund really 49 was the emtinal lad. As a dctr, I knew I wuld 50 upsetting things. I knew I wuld watch peple die and I knew I wuld see the mst awful things. Hwever, being always present at all these mments became a 51 fr me.
I knew I needed a slutin 52 it, and I finally 53 writing. Writing allwed me an escape, a dr int anther wrld, and it als helped t 54 my anxieties. Writing, smething I had started as a frm f treatment, nw gave me success, an exit card, and a chance f self-prtectin. 55 , I was wndering whether I was a dctr r a writer. Having thught thick and thin, I 56 my jb and tk the writing.
It was nt a decisin I made 57 . I knew if I didn’t put 58 first, I wuld eventually disappear.
I still wrk n the wards (病房) nw, but as a(an) 59 . There are times when yu need t fcus n yurself. If yu have walked s far dwn a rugh rad, yu may find it 60 t head back because walking away is ften the safest rute f all.
41. A. hide B. suffer C. leave D. lean
42. A. educatin B. medicine C. histry D. maths
43. A. until B. befre C. after D. since
44. A. Fr B. With C. Given D. Despite
45. A. sufficient B. tight C. wrthless D. missing
46. A. wish B. decisin C. difference D. applicatin
47. A. what B. wh C. which D. hw
48. A. handle B. recgnize C. chse D. decide
49. A. amazing B. impssible C. essential D. significant
50. A. cause B. abandn C. witness D. fix
51. A. gift B. practice C. burden D. luck
52. A. by B. t C. with D. fr
53. A. turned t B. gave up C. run fr D. figured ut
54. A. find ut B. wipe ut C. hand ut D. pick ut
55. A. Recently B. Originally C. Apparently D. Gradually
56. A. quitted B. regained C. cntinued D. led
57. A. seriusly B. sadly C. aimlessly D. lightly
58. A. myself B. himself C. itself D. herself
59. A. expert B. leader C. vlunteer D. dctr
60. A. easy B. frtunate C. hard D. wise
第II卷(非选择题 共50分)
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Technlgy isn’t the nly way 61 (frecast) the weather. Nature has 62 (it) ways, t. Unusual animal behavir, fr example, can indicate whether it’s cld, wet weather that’s n the way 63 a ht, dry perid. If fish are jumping 64 (high) than usual r frgs are craking mre ludly, it may rain. And next time yu lk up 65 the sky, dn’t just lk fr rain cluds, but als fr birds. If they are flying lw, grab yur umbrella. It is als said that 66 (muse) and snakes head fr safer grund several days befre 67 earthquake, while dgs 68 (avid) the beach may be a sign that a tsunami 69 (apprach). Of curse, althugh these things may suggest smething bad is ging t happen, they wn’t tell us when and where. S, fr accurate and 70 (rely) predictins, it’s best t check an fficial, scientific reprt.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tm,
It’s great t hear frm yu. Thanks t yur birthday card! Yu asked if I have been thinking a lt abut the future nw that I’m 17. The answer is yes! Things change s quickly, dn’t yu? I mean, in just a year’s time, I will can be an adult. And this time in tw mnths, I will be taking the Cllege Entrance Examinatin. Hpeful, I will pass it! Then, in a cuple f mnths, I will be study at a university. I want chse law. After graduate, I will lk fr a jb relate t law. In the lng term, I hpe that 20 years frm tday, I will be wrking as the judge. Let’s see hw things g. What are yu hping t d in the future? Tell me yur plans.
Best wish fr yu!
Diana
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mark从新闻上看到中药抗疫有奇效，向你咨询有关中医药的情况。请你回一封邮件给予介绍。
要点如下：1.历史悠久；2.效果显著；3.获得国际认可。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： 新冠 COVID-19 疫情 epidemic 世界卫生组织W HO
Dear Mark,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
汉中市 2024 届高三年级教学质量第二次检测考试
英语参考答案
听力：
1~5 CABAB 6~10 CCAAB 11~15 ACBAC 16~20 CBABC
阅读理解：
21-23 BAC 24-27DCDB 28-31 ACBA 32-35 CABD 36-40 BEAGD
完形填空：
41-45 CBADB 46-50 CDABC 51-55 CBABD 56-60ADACD
语法填空：
61. t frecast 62. its 63. r 64. higher 65. at/int
66. mice 67. an 68. aviding 69. is appraching 70. reliable
短文改错：
Dear Tm,
It’s great t hear frm yu. Thanks t yur birthday card! Yu asked if I have been thinking a lt
fr
abut the future nw that I’m 17. The answer is yes! Things change s quickly, dn’t yu? I mean,
they
in just a year’s time, I will can be an adult. And this time in tw mnths, I will be taking the
删掉
Cllege Entrance Examinatin. Hpeful, I will pass it! Then, in a cuple f mnths, I will be study
Hpefully studying
at a university. I want∧ chse law. After graduate, I will lk fr a jb relate t law. In the lng
t graduatin related/relating
term, I hpe that 20 years frm tday, I will be wrking as the judge. Let’s see hw things g. What are yu hping
a
t d in the future? Tell me yur plans.
Best wish fr yu!
wishes
Diana.
书面表达：
Dear Mark,
I’m glad that yu shw great interest in the culture f Chinese medicine since sme freigners even dn’t have a clear understanding f it.
Just as yu see frm the news reprt, Chinese medicine has a significant effect n resisting COVID-19. As a matter f fact, Chinese medicine has a lng histry and plays an imprtant rle in the develpment f medicine. It’s different frm the western medicine but effective in treatment, which has prved successful in the clinic applicatin. In the prcess f fighting against the epidemic, Chinese medicine has als gained the internatinal recgnitin.
I hpe that my infrmatin can be helpful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
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