2022年湖北省宜昌市中考英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2022年湖北省宜昌市中考英语试题（含解析），共12页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

（本试卷共46小题，满分80分，考试时间90分钟。）
第一部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分）
完形填空：先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A.B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
Ever since “Mther Nature” gave me life, I expected t grw tall and big.
As a yung ___1___, I was well prtected in the frest. I used t ___2___ a gd time with my friends under the blue sky and ___3___ the river. Our nly purpse was t stand high. My pal, Tim ften said, “All I ask fr is t be ___4___ the whle day.”
Mre than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until ne day, ur ___5___ birthday, peple came, mved us frm the ___6___ and put us n their trucks. “I dn’t want t g!” Tim cried.
After a lng jurney, we arrived in a cmpletely different place with ___7___ green. Here we were planted in a line. ___8___ the wind blew strngly, I culd nt even pen my eyes t see Tim ___9___ beside me. S we needed enugh ___10___ t grw thicker and higher t stp the wind.
As time went by, we finally ___11___ much strnger. I culd keep my eyes pen in the wind! I even fund the blue sky was back!
This was n lnger a n-man’s-land, and hundreds f visitrs came here. A man tk a picture f us with his ___12___, “Thank yu. We can enjy clear days ___13___ wrrying abut sand strms.” A yung girl jumping up and dwn came ver and ___14___ me. “Thank yu,” she said, “It’s yu that have turned the desert int a green land!”
Tim and I smiled at each ther, feeling ___15___. The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky.
1. A. treeB. fishC. girlD. by
2. A. chseB. frgetC. haveD. miss
3. A. inB. alngC. underD. n
4. A. smartB. happyC. busyD. thin
5 A. firstB. secndC. thirdD. furth
6. A. beachB. lakeC. huseD. earth
7. A. allB. nthingC. anythingD. everything
8. A. ThughB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Until
9. A. clearlyB. greatlyC. kindlyD. widely
10. A. desertB. windC. sandD. water
11. A. becameB. smeltC. sundedD. remained
12. A. radiB. keybardC. backpackD. camera
13. A. frmB. abutC. withutD. f
14. A. askedB. huggedC. invitedD. kicked
15. A. tiredB. bredC. prudD. surprised
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是一棵大树自述自己和朋友Tim是如何从森林被人类带到沙漠，他们逐渐地长成了能阻挡沙尘暴的大树，获得了人类的感谢。
【1题详解】
句意：作为一棵小树，我在森林里受到了很好的保护。
tree大树；fish鱼；girl女孩；by男孩。根据“I expected t grw tall and big”及“prtected in the frest”可推断，这是一颗树，故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。
chse选择；frget忘记；have有；miss错过。have a gd time“玩得开心”，固定搭配，故选C。
【3题详解】
句意：我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。
in在……里；alng沿着；under在……下面；n在……上。根据“under the blue sky and… the river”可知，树是栽在岸边，故选B。
【4题详解】
句意：我所要求的就是整天都快乐。
smart聪明的；happy开心的；busy忙碌的；thin瘦弱的。根据“All I ask fr is t be… the whle day”可知，祈求每天开开心心，故选B。
【5题详解】
句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。
first第一；secnd第二；third第三；furth第四。根据“Mre than 300 days passed”可知，300多天过去了，迎来了第一个生日，故选A。
【6题详解】
句意：直到有一天，我们的第一个生日，人们来了，把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。
beach海滩；lake湖；huse房子；earth陆地。根据“I was well prtected in the frest”可知，从森林这块陆地搬到了卡车上，故选D。
【7题详解】
句意：经过长途旅行，我们到达了一个完全不同的地方，没有一点绿色。
all所有；nthing没什么事；anything任何事；everything一切。根据“It’s yu that have turned the desert int a green land”可知，曾经这里是沙漠，没有一点绿色，故选B。
【8题详解】
句意：因为风刮得很大，我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。
Thugh尽管；Unless除非；Because因为；Until直到。“the wind blew strngly”是不能看清楚Tim的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
【9题详解】
句意：因为风刮得很大，我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。
clearly清楚地；greatly伟大地；kindly善良地；widely广泛地。根据“I culd nt even pen my eyes t see Tim… beside me”可知，看不清楚Tim是否在旁边，故选A。
【10题详解】
句意：所以我们需要足够的水变得更茂密，更高，以阻止风。
desert沙漠；wind风；sand沙子；water水。根据“S we needed enugh… t grw thicker”及常识可知，大树需要水才能长得更高，故选D。
【11题详解】
句意：随着时间的流逝，我们终于变得更强大了。
became成为；smelt闻起来；sunded听起来；remained维持。根据“As time went by, we finally… much strnger”可知，终于变得强大了，故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：一个男人用他的相机给我们拍了张照片。
radi广播；keybard键盘；backpack背包；camera相机。根据“tk a picture f”可知，用相机拍照，故选D。
【13题详解】
句意：我们可以享受晴朗的天气而不用担心沙尘暴。
frm从；abut关于；withut没有；f……的。根据“We can enjy clear days… wrrying abut sand strms”可知，不用担心沙尘暴了，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：一个年轻的女孩跳上跳下，走过来拥抱我。
asked询问；hugged拥抱；invited邀请；kicked踢。根据“Thank yu”可知，拥抱大树表示感谢，故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：Tim和我相视一笑，感到很自豪。
tired疲惫的；bred无聊的；prud骄傲的；surprised惊讶的。根据“It’s yu that have turned the desert int a green land”可知，是作者和Tim让这片沙漠变成绿地，这让大树感到骄傲，故选C。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）
综合填空：根据所给首字母、上下文或汉语提示完成空格中所缺单词，使短文完整通顺，语法正确，每个空只能填一个词。
I’ve always run.
When I was a k____16____, my dad tk me t the Olympics and we saw the 400m final. A runner named Arthur wn it and that really shcked me. I remembered it s well. I even wrte ____17____ article abut it.
I was never gd enugh fr the Olympics ____18____ (我自己), but I tried running. I want t keep fit and like the challenge. After 27, I began t play t____19____. At 65, I started hurdling (跨栏) again. When I was 71, I wn the 200m hurdling as the ldest persn. When I was 80, I b____20____ the wrld recrd. I wuld never ____21____ (改变) my mind. Nw I’m 89, but I still d a cuple f press-ups (俯卧撑) nce ____22____ twice a week.
T my pleasure, my family all exercise tgether in ur nice ____23____ (花园) every day. We wn a better life because we have a ____24____ (健康的) habit. My dream is t run the 100m at 100 — nly anther e____25____ years t g — and then t live t 120.
N matter what cmes my way, I will keep it.
【答案】16. (k)id 17. an
18. myself 19. (t)ennis##(t)able-tennis
20. (b)rke
21. change 22. r
23. garden 24. healthy
25. (e)leven
【解析】
【导语】本文作者主要讲述了自己从青年到老年时期的运动经历，表达了他对运动的热爱。
【16题详解】
句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我爸爸带我去了奥运会，我们观看了400米决赛。根据“When I was a k..., my dad tk me...”可知，作者当时是个孩子，kid“孩子”符合语境，“a”修饰名词单数。故填(k)id。
【17题详解】
句意：我甚至写了一篇关于它的文章。“article”是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，泛指一篇文章，空处用不定冠词an。故填an。
【18题详解】
句意：我自己从来都不够优秀去参加奥运会，但我试着跑步。myself表示“我自己”，反身代词，指代主语本身。故填myself。
【19题详解】
句意：27岁以后，我开始打网球/乒乓球。空处指一种运动，结合首字母，play tennis/table-tennis“打网球/乒乓球”符合语境。故填(t)ennis/(t)able-tennis。
【20题详解】
句意：我80岁时打破了世界纪录。break the recrd“打破纪录”，根据“When I was 80”可知，用一般过去时，break的过去式是brke。故填(b)rke。
【21题详解】
句意：我永远不会改变想法。change“改变”，change my mind“改变我的想法”，“wuld”后接动词原形。故填change。
【22题详解】
句意：现在我89岁了，但我仍然每周做一两次俯卧撑。“nce”和“twice”是并列成分，表示每周做俯卧撑一次或者两次，r“或者”符合语境。故选r。
【23题详解】
句意：令我高兴的是，我的家人每天都在我们美丽的花园里一起锻炼。garden“花园”，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故填garden。
【24题详解】
句意：我们拥有更好的生活，因为我们有一个健康的习惯。healthy“健康的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词“habit”。故填healthy。
【25题详解】
句意：我的梦想在100岁时跑100米——只差11年了，然后活到120岁。根据前文“Nw I’m 89”可知，作者现在89岁，离100岁还差11年，eleven“十一”符合语境。故填(e)leven。
第二部分 阅读与写作（共四节，满分55分）
第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，计20分）
阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
A
During wrk hurs in Becker’s bread shp, the kitchen is especially quiet except the sund f the machine. The quiet envirnment is nt the result f the strict rules, but because all the wrkers are deaf. They use sign language t cmmunicate with each ther frm time t time.
Becker’s shp is in Changsha City, Hunan Prvince. It sells many kinds f German bread, cakes and cffee. It is very ppular fr the stry f Becker wh pened it.
Over twenty years ag, Becker and his wife heard abut a Chinese public prject. It prvided language training fr the disabled children, but it was shrt f trainers in Changsha. S they came in 2002 with a cmmn wish t d smething meaningful in life.
In Changsha tgether with ther Chinese trainers, they helped children imprve their hearing and language prnunciatin. Every little prgress each child experienced was a great encuragement t them, and they achieved their gal in life.
After ten years f wrking fr this prject, they fund that the disabled adults culdn’t be independent because they had n prfessinal skills. Then Becker and his wife set up a bread shp t teach these peple hw t make bread. With their help, all f them were able t live n their wn.
Luckily, Becker and his wife have als gt the supprt frm the lcal gvernment. Mre peple jin them and understand that disabled peple can wrk as well as thers when they have the same chances.
26. What makes Becker’s bread shp ppular accrding t the passage?
A. Its wner’s stry.B. Its quiet envirnment.
C. Its strict rules.D. Its gd lcatin.
27. Hw lng have Becker and his wife lived in China?
A. Fr abut 10 years.B. Fr abut 15 years.
C. Fr abut 20 years.D. Fr abut 30 years.
28. Wh des the underlined wrd “ they ” in Paragraph 5 refer t?
A. The lcal peple.B. Becker and his wife.
C. The Chinese trainers.D. The disabled children.
29. Where can we prbably read the passage?
A In a travel guide.B. In a ntice.C. In a science reprt.D. In a magazine.
30. What’s the best title fr this passage?
A. A Silent Bread ShpB. A Training CurseC. A Beautiful CityD. Delicius Lcal Fd
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Becker夫妇开设面包店帮助残疾人再就业的善行义举。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It is very ppular fr the stry f Becker wh pened it”可知，这家面包店因贝克尔的故事而非常受欢迎，故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“S they came in 2002 with a cmmn wish t d smething meaningful in life”可知，来中国大约20年了，故选C。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“After ten years f wrking fr this prject, they fund that the disabled adults culdn’t be independent because they had n prfessinal skills”可知，在为这个项目工作了十年之后，Becker夫妇发现这些残疾成年人不能独立，所以they指代“Becker and his wife”，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要讲述了Becker夫妇开设面包店帮助残疾人再就业的善行义举，最有可能在杂志上看到此篇文章，故选D。
【30题详解】
最佳标题题。本文是由一家沉默的面包店Becker夫妇的善行义举引出了，所以最适合本文标题是“沉默的面包店”，故选A。
B
The brush pen, ne f the “Fur Treasures f the Study”, was invented thusands f years ag. Hwever, the ldest pen was just a stick r a piece f bamb. It was difficult fr peple t write well n thin silk.
It is said that Meng Tian, a general f the Kingdm (王国) Qin, imprved the pen. When Meng was leading an army t fight against the Kingdm f Chu, he had t reprt the situatin t his king in time. But his pen was t hard and caused him much truble, s he was thinking f ways t imprve it.
One day after hunting (狩猎), Meng made his way hme with sme wild rabbits n the hrse back. Fat and heavy, ne rabbit’s tail left a lng trail (痕迹) n the grund when they mved n. Suddenly a gd idea came t his mind when he saw it, “If I tie the rabbit’s hair t a stick, wuld it be easy t write with?”
On arriving hme, he tied the rabbit’s hair t a stick and tried writing with it. But the rabbit’s hair was t smth t write well and wasted a lt f silk. Meng was s disappinted that he threw away his “inventin” int a stne hle in the yard.
Hwever, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time. A few rainy days later, he happened t find his “inventin” fatter in a stne hle. He picked it up with hpe. The brush wrked beautifully n silk. It turned ut that the special water had cleaned the il frm the hair. Meng succeeded at last.
Thanks t Meng, the brush pen is playing a key rle in Chinese culture. Tday, students are taught t use the brush pens in schl. It makes their life mre clrful and helps them better understand Chinese culture.
31. Why did Meng Tian want t imprve the pen?
A. Because the king asked him t d s.B. Because he wanted t be an inventr.
C. Because he didn’t have silk t write n.D. Because the pen brught him much truble.
32. When did Meng think f the gd idea in Paragraph 3?
A. Befre hunting animals.B. When he saw the trail.
C. During cleaning the hair.D. After he wrte a reprt.
33. Which is the right rder f imprving the brush pen?
a. The brush pen culd write well.
b. Meng tied the rabbit’s hair t a stick.
c. The special water washed the il away.
d. Meng drpped the stick int a stne hle.
A. b-d-a-cB. d-b-a-cC. b-d-c-aD. c-d-b-a
34. Hw can the students understand Chinese culture better?
A. By learning t use brush pens.B. By playing a rle.
C. By planting mre bamb.D. By inventing things.
35. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Make friends with animals.B. Value fantastic memries.
C. Keep trying and never give up.D. Build a peaceful wrld.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了蒙恬发明毛笔的历史故事。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But his pen was t hard and caused him much truble, s he was thinking f ways t imprve it.”可知，蒙恬想改进笔的原因是当时的笔给他带来了很多麻烦。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ne rabbit’s tail left a lng trail (痕迹) n the grund when they mved n. Suddenly a gd idea came t his mind when he saw it”可知，当他看到兔子尾巴在地上留下的痕迹时，他想出了好主意。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“On arriving hme, he tied the rabbit’s hair t a was s disappinted that he threw away his “inventin” int a stne hle in the turned ut that the special water had cleaned the il frm the hair. Meng succeeded at last.”可知，正确的顺序是b. 蒙恬把兔子的毛发绑在一根棍子上；d. 蒙恬把棍子扔进了一个石洞里；c. 这种特殊的水把油冲掉了；a. 这支毛笔写起来很好用。即b-d-c-a，故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Tday, students are taught t use the brush pens in helps them better understand Chinese culture.”可知，通过学习使用毛笔，学生能够更好地了解中国文化。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Hwever, Meng never gave up and kept trying all the time.”和“Meng succeeded at last.”可知，虽然蒙恬发明毛笔的经过不太顺利，但他没有放弃，最终成功了，由此我们可以学到的是永不言弃的精神。故选C。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
阅读短文，将文后的五个选项还原到短文当中。
Why d yu need hbbies? A study has fund that peple are mre psitive (积极的) when they take part in a relaxing activity. ___36___ Scientists als think they might be gd fr yur brain.
Hw d yu chse the right hbby? Start with what yu enjyed in the past. Did yu nce play ftball? ___37___ If yu find it isn’t fr yu, stp and tum t smething new. Prbably jining a class r a team will give yu a chance t meet ther peple.
Which relaxing activities are gd fr physical health? It’s clear that exercise is ging t be gd fr yur bdy, fr example walking. ___38___ A review f 94 studies fund that dancing three times a week imprved balance in lder peple. Getting ut in nature is helpful, whether yu’re hiking r ding smething less active.
Which hbbies keep yur mind active? ___39___ Playing the pian r listening t yur favrite band can help yu make it. Researches have fund reading is als gd fr yur brain.
___40___ S let’s take up great hbbies
A. Dancing is wnderful exercise.
B. Take it up again r start smething else.
C. Hbbies let yu frget yur wrries and have fun.
D. Learning an instrument and reading are the best chices.
E. Other studies have shwn that hbbies can give yu a sense f achievement.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好对身心的好处，如何培养爱好以及培养什么爱好。
【36题详解】
根据“A study has fund that peple are mre psitive (积极的) when they take part in a relaxing activity. ”可知，此处应提到的是研究的结论，E选项“其他研究表明，爱好可以给你成就感”符合，故选E。
37题详解】
根据“Hw d yu chse the right hbby? Start with what yu enjyed in the past”可知，从你感兴趣的开始培养成一种爱好，B选项“再次培养它或开始别的爱好”符合，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据“It’s clear that exercise is ging t be gd fr yur bdy, fr example walking”和“dancing”可知，此处应介绍跳舞这种锻炼方式，A选项“跳舞是很好的运动”符合，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据“Which hbbies keep yur mind active”可知，此处应回答让大脑保持活跃的爱好是哪些，D选项“学习乐器和阅读是最好的选择”符合，故选D。
【40题详解】
根据“S let’s take up great hbbies”及此空格的位置可知，此空应是一个总结的话语，C选项“爱好让你忘记烦恼，享受乐趣”符合，故选C。
第三节（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。
41. 当我们看到长江里的江豚时是多么兴奋啊！ (excited)
________ we were when we saw finless prpises in the Yangtze River!
【答案】Hw excited
【解析】
【详解】对比中英文，此空缺少“多么兴奋”的翻译。excited“感到兴奋的”，形容词作表语，修饰形容词用hw引导的感叹句结构：hw+形容词+主谓，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Hw excited。
42. 最近许多中国人对太空更感兴趣了。 (number)
________ Chinese peple shw mre interest in space recently.
【答案】A number f##A large number f##A great number f
【解析】
【详解】对比中英文可知，此空缺少“许多”的翻译，结合提示词“number”可知，用a (large/great) number f表示“许多”，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填A (large/great) number f。
43. 父母应鼓励孩子在周末亲自去看望祖父母。(persn)
Parents shuld encurage their children t visit their grandparents ________ n weekends.
【答案】in persn
【解析】
【详解】in persn“亲自”，固定短语，作状语。故填in persn。
44. 据报道，中国已经为非洲儿童提供了大量的帮助。(ffer)
It is reprted that China ________ much help t African children already.
【答案】has ffered
【解析】
【详解】ffer“提供”，作谓语，根据“already已经”可知，用现在完成时have/has dne的结构，主语“China”是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has ffered。
45. 完美的假期取决于你明智的决定和行动。(depend)
A perfect vacatin ________ yur wise reslutin and actin.
【答案】depends n
【解析】
【详解】对比中英文可知，此空缺少“取决于”的翻译，英文表达为depend n，陈述事实应用一般现在时，主语vacatin是单数形式，动词用三单，故填depends n。
第四节（共1题，计15分）
书面表达
46. 假如你学校的校园广播《英语之声》栏目以“I lve ________”为主题征稿，请你投稿。
稿件内容：
◆热爱的主题
◆热爱的理由
◆适当的感悟
稿件要求：
（1）请补全标题；
（2）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；
（3）词数80词左右。
I lve ________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
I lve reading
I lve reading very much. I remember it was five years ag that I became interested in reading. At that time, I jined a reading club nline. I was glad t find there were s many bks fr me t read. My teacher encuraged me t read different kinds f bks, and then share my feelings with ther readers. I fund great fun sharing ideas. Ever since then, reading has been my favrite hbby.
Frm reading bks, I can nt nly learn a lt frm them, but als pen a new wrld fr me. It makes me relaxed and brings me a lt f fun. I think mre and mre peple will lve reading in the future.
【解析】
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。以“我喜欢阅读”为题写一篇短文。
2.写作指导：本文采用一般现在时和一般过去时，人称以第一人称为主。分为两段式：第一段先引出自己喜爱的事情，接着描述自己喜爱它的原因和经历；第二段描述自己从中得到的感悟。写作时保持主谓一致性，做到无语法和标点错误。