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2022-2023学年浙江省温州市新力量联盟高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年浙江省温州市新力量联盟高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Amng the wrks f art ever created by human hands，there are thse masterpieces that have left their mark n the histry f mankind frever.These artwrks have always inspired millins f peple fr creative daring and new creative discveries.
Mna Lisa
Prbably the mst famus painting in the wrld is Lenard da Vinci's La Gicnda，better knwn as Mna Lisa.This painting is an image f Madame Gherardini，the ideal wman f the Renaissance.And it suffered frm being damaged，stlen and even hung in Naplen's bedrm.The painting is fficially annunced priceless，as this masterpiece is the best art f all time.Mna Lisa is currently kept in the Luvre，Paris.
The Birth f Venus
Anther f the mst famus paintings is the Birth f Venus.Btticelli's painting illustrates the myth f the birth f Aphrdite.The beautiful gddess flats t the shre in a sea shell and n the shre she is met by ne f the Graces.The Birth f Venus is well preserved thanks t the fact that Btticelli applied a prtective layer f egg ylk（蛋黄） t the painting.This masterpiece is kept in Flrence in the Uffizi Gallery.
The Persistence f Memry
Accrding t the authr himself，the picture was painted as a result f abstract assciatins that Dali had at the sight f prcessed cheese.Gala predicted quite crrectly that n ne，nce having seen the Persistence f Memry，will frget it.This utstanding painting is lcated in the Museum f Mdern Art in New Yrk.
Girl with a Pearl Earring
It's an il painting n canvas（画布） by Dutch artist Jhannes Vermeer，ne f his mst well-knwn wrks.It describes an imaginary yung wman in extic（异国情调的） dress and a very large pearl earring.The wrk permanently stays in the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague.
1.Which picture experienced a lt in its being preserved prcess？ ______
A. Mna Lisa.B. The Birth f Venus.
C. The Persistence f Memry.D. Girl with a Pearl Earring.
2.Hw is the Birth f Venus well preserved？ ______
A. By being painted n canvas.
B. By being kept in Flrence.
C. With permanent care.
D. With a prtective layer f egg ylk.
3.Where will yu prbably find the text？ ______
A. In a nvel.B. In a fairy tale.
C. In a magazine.D. In a bk review.
B
My mther always tld me, “Yu shuld explre yur wn cuntry befre stepping ut int the wrld.” Hwever, it seems like a tugh missin t travel all acrss its expansive surfaces. But luckily fr me, Via Rail Canada ffered yuths between the ages f 18 and 25 the chance t ride the train acrss Canada fr the mnth f July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevr, Jel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the pprtunity and secured fur tickets n the great Canadian railrad.
Fr a grup f 20-year-lds, this was like the first flight f yung birds frm the nest. When we apprached the train statin in the mrning, ur 22-day adventure frm Sudbury t Vancuver was t begin. Eyes baggy frm lack f sleep, we jumped n bard as if it was the train t Hgwarts in Harry Ptter. Althugh the thught f three full days n thse tracks cvering clse t 3,000 kilmetres crushed ur spirits a little, what happened next caught us by surprise.
The three days n bard turned int a summer camp n rails. At night, we wuld climb up the glass-dmed train car, which gave us a scenic view f the starry night sky, untuched by the harmful light pllutin. Befre we knew it, the warm sun rays beating dwn n ur faces wke us up fr anther day n the rails. T my surprise, a sea f glden grain fields dminated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Anther day slipped away and we set up fr anther night in the dme (圆顶状物). And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstrm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memrable light shw left everyne in the glass bubble in cmplete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rcky Muntains was ne f the mst surreal experiences f my life. Befre the train adventure, if I culd have skipped the travel and arrived at the destinatin, I wuld have. That is n lnger true. I’ve learned that the jurney can be mre enjyable than the destinatin.
4.What has made the authr’s train adventure acrss Canada a reality?
A. The encuragement given by his mther.
B. The discunt ticket ffered by Via Rail Canada.
C. The appeal f the scenic views in the cuntry.
D. His great curage t challenge a tugh missin.
5.What can we infer abut the yung peple frm Paragraph 2?
A. They left their parents fr the first time in their life.
B. They never thught f having a train adventure.
C. They were hked by the magic stry f Harry Ptter.
D. They were excited abut the cming train jurney.
6.What des “the glass bubble” in the furth paragraph refer t?
A. The glass-dmed train car.B. The sightseeing tur.
C. A state f excitement.D. A summer camp n the train.
7.What did the authr learn frm the train adventure acrss Canada?
A. The destinatin is what matters.
B. Adventurus jurney attracts yung peple.
C. Enjying a jurney cunts a lt.
D. The traveling experience is nt real t him.
C
An expert has revealed whether carrts truly help yu see in the dark and if an apple a day actually keeps the dctr away.
Nutritinist Lily Sutter als clarifies if it really takes seven years t digest chewing gum （口香糖），whether yu can swim after eating and if fish is gd fr the brain.
She cnfirms that while carrts cntain lts f vitamin A，which helps maintain healthy visin，they dn't help yu see any better in the dark.Similarly，enjying an apple a day wn't in itself reduce yur chances f needing t visit a dctr，and chewing gum desn't take seven years t leave yur system.And sadly，eating celery （芹菜） desn't burn mre calries than yu gain frm eating it，despite 23 percent believing it t be the case.
Ygurt maker Onken teamed up with Lily.They cnducted a survey f 2，000 peple，finding half f them are"cnfused" abut fd fact and fictin.
Onken said， "Many f us rely n what we remember frm schl when it cmes t nutritin.But we're learning new things all the time abut what different fds d fr ur health，such as the benefit f fermented （发酵的） fds t ur gut and immune system.While sme f what's passed dwn ver generatins；is super advice，sme f it isn't."
The study als fund that swimming right after eating is wrngly believed by 34 percent f adults t he smething yu shuldn't d.In fact，it's exercising t high intensity immediately after eating that shuld be avided，as it can give yu a sudden pain.
Almst half believe fish is gd fr the brain.They're right，as lng as they're eating ily fish，essential mega-3 fatty acids in ily fish cntribute t nrmal brain functin.because e r"fake news" wrngly believed by many f thse surveyed include eating chicken sup helps if Other a cld （27%） and drinking fruit juice is as healthy as eating whle fruit （17%）.
8.What can we learn abut Lily Sutter's findings？ ______
A. an apple a day keeps the dctr away.
B. Eating celery surely helps us lse weight.
C. Eating carrts cntributes t healthy visin.
D. Carrts help us see things better in the dark.
9.Why is Onken mentined in the text？ ______
A. T appeal t mre peple t find right fd facts.
B. T infrm peple f the benefit f fermented fds.
C. T prve there are many makers wrking with Lily.
D. T pint ut many peple's mistaken nutritin ideas.
10.What attitude shuld we take t the nutritin ideas passed dwn ver generatins？ ______
A. Supprtive.B. Disapprving.C. Indifferent.D. Cautius.
11.What is the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Learning New Things Is Vital t Health
B. Hw t Fight "Fake News'" Abut Health
C. Welcme t the Mst Ppular Fd Myths
D. Nutritinist Reveals Truth Abut Fd Myths
D
Sara tried t befriend her ld friend Steve's new wife Betty，but Betty never seemed t have anything t say.While Sara felt Betty didn't hld up her end f the cnversatin，Betty cmplained t Steve that Sara never gave her a chance t talk.The prblem had t d with expectatins abut pacing and pausing.
Cnversatin is a turn-taking game.When ur habits are similar，there's n prblem.But if ur habits are different，yu may start t talk befre I'm finished r fail t take yur turn when I'm finished.That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.
It may nt be cincidental that Betty，wh expected relatively lnger pauses between turns，is British，and Sara，wh expected relatively shrter pauses，is American.Betty ften felt interrupted by Sara.But Betty herself became an interrupter and fund herself ding mst f the talking when she met a visitr frm Finland.And Sara had a hard time cutting in n sme speakers frm Latin America r Israel.
The general phenmenn，then，is that the small cnversatin techniques，like pacing and pausing，lead peple t draw cnclusins nt abut cnversatinal style but abut persnality and abilities.These habitual differences are ften the basis fr dangerus steretyping.And these scial phenmena can have very persnal cnsequences.Fr example，a wman frm the suthwestern part f the US went t live in an eastern city t take up a jb in persnnel.When the Persnnel Department gt tgether fr meetings，she kept searching fr the right time t break in— and never fund it.Althugh back hme she was cnsidered utging and cnfident，in Washingtn she was viewed as shy and retiring.When she was evaluated at the end f the year，she was tld t take a training curse because f her inability t speak up.
That's why slight differences in cnversatinal style—tiny little things like micrsecnds f pause-can have a great effect n ne's life.The result in this case was a judgment f psychlgical prblems—even in the mind f the wman herself，wh really wndered what was wrng with her and registered fr assertiveness training.
12.Accrding t the passage，wh are likely t expect the shrtest pauses between turns？ ______
A. Americans.B. Israelis.C. The British.D. The Finns.
13.We can learn frm the passage that ______ .
A. cmmunicatin breakdwn results frm shrt pauses and fast pacing
B. wmen are unfavrably steretyped in eastern cities f the US
C. ne's inability t speak up is culturally determined smetimes
D. ne shuld receive training t build up ne's cnfidence
14.The underlined wrd"assertiveness"in the last paragraph prbably means ______ .
A. being willing t speak ne's mind
B. being able t increase ne's pwer
C. being ready t make ne's wn judgment
D. being quick t express ne's ideas cnfidently
15.Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE？ ______
A. Peple frm Finland tend t pause shrter than thse frm Britain.
B. Cnversatinal techniques such as pacing and pausing may cause peple t jump t cnclusins abut ne's character and capabilities.
C. Peple in a cnversatin are expected t take turns in speaking.
D. Different cnversatinal habits may lead t a breakdwn in cmmunicatin.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Be A Respnsible Camper
Being a respnsible camper is abut mre than just respecting yur neighbrs and bserving the bundaries set by campsites.（1） ______ Please keep sustainable camping guidelines in mind while planning a trip int the great utdrs.
Leave n trace.（2） ______ Fllw the principles："" take nly pictures，leave nly ftprints".Mst "leave n trace" principles fcus n reducing ur impact n the natural envirnment.Fllwing the same rules fr hiking and ther utdr recreatinal activities is ne f the best ways t shw yur respect fr a natural destinatin.
（ 3） ______ Harmful sunscreen chemicals can negatively affect dry land as well.They can pllute bdies f water and may take many years t break dwn in the natural envirnment，s be mindful f what yu put n yur bdies befre jumping int that lake.As a rule f thumb，always stay at least 200 feet away frm any water surce while using sap r tthpaste.
Respect the wildlife.If yu're camping in a ppular area with plenty f peple arund，it's easy t frget that yu're actually sharing space with wild animal habitats.Animals that get t used t humans can get reliant，which disrupts the natural balance f things within their ecsystems.Smetimes，t much interactin with peple can make animals mre aggressive r lead t mre human-wildlife cnflicts.Try t keep all f yur fd ut f reach frm wildlife.（4） ______
Practice fire safety.While this is especially relevant n the west cast f the United States，where wildfire seasn is mst threatening，fire safety shuld always be a tp pririty while camping.（5） ______ In areas knwn fr having greater fire danger，it pays t have a shvel r a bucket f water handy t take care f any runaway flames.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Since 1960，cnsiderable scientific researches have been dne n chimps in their natural habitats.Astnishingly，scientists have fund ut that the scial（1） ______ f Chimps are very similar t humans.Chimps will（2） ______ in certain ways，like gathering tgether t prtect their land.But beynd the minimum requirements as scial beings，they have little instinct （本能） t（3） ______ ne anther.Chimps in the wild seek fd fr themselves.Even chimp mthers regularly（4） ______ t share fd with their children.Wh are able frm a yung age t gather their wn fd？
In the labratry，chimps dn't（5） ______ share fd either.If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in ne plate f fd fr himself r，with n greater effrt，a plate that als prvides fd fr a neighbr t the next cage，he will pull（6） ______ --he just desn't care whether his neighbr gets fed r nt.Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children，（7） ______ ，are extremely cperative.Frm the earliest ages，they decide t help thers，t share infrmatin and t participate in achieving cmmn gals.The psychlgist Michael Tmasell has studied this（8） ______ in a series f experiments with very yung children.He finds that if babies aged 18 mnths see a wrried adult with hands full trying t pen a dr，almst all will immediately try t help.
There are several reasns t believe that the urges t help，infrm and share are nt taught，but naturally（9） ______ in yung children.One is that these instincts appear at a very（10） ______ age befre mst parents have started t train their children t behave（11） ______ Anther is that the helping behavirs are nt imprved if the children are rewarded.A third reasn is that scial intelligence（12） ______ in children befre their general cgnitive（认知的） skills，at least when cmpared with chimps.In tests cnducted by Tmasell，the human children did n better than the chimps n the（13） ______ wrld test s but were cnsiderably better at understanding the scial wrld.
The cre （核心） f what children's minds have and chimps' dn't is what Tmasell calls shared intentinality.Part f this ability is that they can（14） ______ what thers knw r are thinking.But beynd that，even very yung children want t be part f a shared purpse.They actively seek t be part f a "we"，a grup that intends t wrk tward a（n）（15） ______ gal.
21.A. structuresB. respnsibilities
C. pliciesD. behavirs
22.A. cnflictB. ffendC. cperateD. discuss
23.A. helpB. cntactC. divideD. trust
24.A. manageB. declineC. attemptD. frce
25.A. curiuslyB. unwillinglyC. naturallyD. carelessly
26.A. in turnB. with careC. at randmD. in advance
27.A. all in allB. as a result
C. in n caseD. n the ther hand
28.A. cperativenessB. availability
C. attackD. attractiveness
29.A. educatedB. pssessedC. mtivatedD. stimulated
30.A. ldB. yungC. middleD. late
31.A. creativelyB. frmallyC. cmpetitivelyD. scially
32.A. develpsB. decreasesC. changesD. disappears
33.A. invisibleB. abstractC. physicalD. imaginary
34.A. inferB. adaptC. absrbD. balance
35.A. realisticB. sharedC. specificD. ambitius
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Teenage years are ne f the mst exciting yet（1） ______ （ cnfuse） stages in a persn's life.Yu are at（2） ______ time f explratin，trying t find ut yur preferences，ne f which（3） ______ （ be）yur pastime（消遣）.
Sme pastimes have n mral implicatins（影响）.（4） ______ there are ther chices that need t be made based n yur values and principles in life.Sme examples include skipping schl t watch a mvie with sme friends，r even attending a party where there will be alchl and drugs freely given ut.Hw d yu respnd？
Hwever，（5） ______ is kay t say n t anything that is illegal，（6） ______ （ ptential） causes ham r is hurtful t yu r thers.Yu may be afraid t refuse fr fear f lsing friends but d nt let that stp yu（7） ______ standing up t peer pressure.If yur friends are true friends，they will respect yur（8） ______ （ decide） and nt frce yu t jin them.
There are sme steps yu may take（9） ______ （ avid） negative peer pressure.Firstly，stay away frm friends wh frce yu t d things that yu knw are wrng.Next，be true t yurself and stand up fr（10） ______ yu believe in.And if a situatin gets ut f hand，d nt hesitate t apprach an adult yu trust fr help.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假如你是李华，上周六你参加了在市博物馆举办的文化遗产展览，请向你的外国笔友Peter介绍本次展览，内容包括：
1.展览内容；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
38.13-year-ld David is really a generus by and he naturally seeks t help thers.Fr example，in 2017，the cmmunity recgnized David fr his wrk t help lcal senirs.At that
time，he fixed brken lawnmwers （剪草机） and prvided yard wrk and cleanup help t elderly neighbrs.
David's mm，Krystal，has been adjusting t life as a newly divrced single mm.She nw lives in Fernley with her three kids and three dgs.She has lst her jb and is struggling t make ends meet.She thught f lking fr better paid wrk in a different part f twn.At the time，hwever，she did nt have any reliable means f transprtatin and culd nt affrd a car.
"At my lw pint，here cmes my sn，"Krystal says， "Everybdy ges thrugh rugh times in their life，but there's gd that can cme frm any situatin as lng as smebdy with a heart des it."
David verheard his mther telling smene hw a car wuld slve mst f her prblems.He recgnized the many sacrifices she made t prvide fr their family，and he felt an urgent need t pay her back and help her in sme way.One day，David saw a vide where a child earned mney t buy his mm a car；at that mment，he decided that he wuld d the same thing.
He secretly made a plan t save enugh mney t purchase a car fr his mther.Hestarted wrking additinal dd jbs arund his neighbrhd，such as yard wrk and lawn mwing.
One day，an advertisement caught his attentin：A wman had listed her car fr an inexpensive price.He quickly reached ut t the seller and asked if he culd pssibly trade in his Xbx fr the car，in additin t sme cash he had saved.T David's delighted surprise，after negtiating（协商） with the wman，she accepted his ffer.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
David arranged fr the seller t park the vehicle in his frnt yard t surprise his mther.
Krystal was shcked when the seller tld her the truth.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Mna Lisa部分And it suffered frm being damaged，stlen and even hung in Naplen's bedrm.（它遭受了损坏，被盗，甚至挂在拿破仑的卧室里）可知，Mna Lisa在保存过程中经历了很多。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Birth f Venus部分The Birth f Venus is well preserved thanks t the fact that Btticelli applied a prtective layer f egg ylk （蛋黄） t the painting.（《维纳斯的诞生》之所以保存得很好，是因为波提切利在画作上涂了一层蛋黄保护层）可知，因为有一层蛋黄的保护层，所以《维纳斯的诞生》保存得很好。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。根据第一段Amng the wrks f art ever created by human hands，there are thse masterpieces that have left their mark n the histry f mankind frever.These artwrks have always inspired millins f peple fr creative daring and new creative discveries.（在人类创造的艺术作品中，有一些杰作在人类历史上留下了永远的印记。这些艺术品一直激励着数以百万计的人进行创造性的大胆尝试和新的创造性发现）及下文可知，文章介绍了四幅名画。由此推知，本文可能出自与艺术相关的杂志。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者和朋友乘坐火车穿越加拿大的经历，描述了他们在路途中的所见所闻和感受。
1. 根据第一段中的Hwever, it ticket was a bargain $150.（然而，穿越它广阔的表面似乎是一项艰巨的任务。但对我来说幸运的是，Via Rail Canada为18至25岁的年轻人提供了在7月份乘坐火车穿越加拿大的机会。票价便宜到150美元。）可知，是加拿大Via铁路公司提供的折扣票让作者穿越加拿大的火车冒险变成了现实。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中Fr a grup f 20-year- jumped n bard as if it was the train t Hgwarts in Harry Ptter.（对于一群20多岁的年轻人来说，这就像是雏鸟第一次从巢里飞出来。当我们早上到达火车站时，我们从Sudbury到Vancuver的22天冒险就要开始了。由于睡眠不足，我们的眼睛都肿了起来，我们跳上了火车，就好像是《哈利波特》里开往霍格沃茨的火车。）可知，年轻人对即将到来的火车旅行很兴奋。故选D。
3. 根据第三段中At night, we wuld climb up the glass-dmed train car, which gave us a scenic view f the starry night sky，untuched by the harmful light pllutin.（晚上，我们会爬上玻璃圆顶车厢，在那里我们可以看到满天星斗的夜空，没有受到有害的光污染。）以及划线短语上文And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstrm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate.The spectacular and memrable light shw left everyne（这次迎接我们的是描绘着梦幻般的雷雨的夜空。闪电以令人难以置信的速度袭来。壮观而难忘的光影秀让每个人都难以置信。）可知，the glass bubble指的是玻璃穹顶的火车车厢。故选A。
4. 根据最后一段中的I've learned that the jurney can be mre enjyable than the destinatin.（我明白了旅途比目的地更令人愉快。）可知，作者从穿越加拿大的火车冒险中学到了享受一段旅程很重要。故选C。
8~11.【答案】C、D、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第三段She cnfirms that while carrts cntain lts f vitamin A，which helps maintain healthy visin，they dn't help yu see any better in the dark.（她证实，虽然胡萝卜含有大量维生素A，有助于保持健康的视力，但它们不会帮助你在黑暗中看得更清楚。）可知C.Eating carrts cntributes t healthy visin.（吃胡萝卜有助于健康视力。）符合题意。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第五段Onken said， "Many f us rely n what we remember frm schl when it cmes t nutritin.But we're learning new things all the time abut what different fds d fr ur health，such as the benefit f fermented （发酵的） fds t ur gut and immune system.While sme f what's passed dwn ver generatins；is super advice，sme f it isn't."（Onken说，"当谈到营养时，我们许多人都依赖于我们从学校里记住的东西。但是我们一直在学习新的东西，关于不同的食物对我们的健康有什么好处，比如发酵的（发酵的）食物对我们的肠道和免疫系统。而一些代代相传的东西。是超级建议，但有些不是。"）可知文中提到Onken是为了指出很多人错误的营养观念。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章第五段While sme f what's passed dwn ver generatins；is super advice，sme f it isn't.（而一些代代相传的东西是超级好的建议，但有些不是。）可知我们对代代相传的营养观念持谨慎态度。A.Supprtive.支持的；B.Disapprving.不赞成的；C.Indifferent.不在乎的；D.Cautius.谨慎的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段An expert has revealed whether carrts truly help yu see in the dark and if an apple a day actually keeps the dctr away.（一位专家揭示了胡萝卜是否真的能帮助你在黑暗中看清东西，以及每天一个苹果是否真的能让医生远离你。）可知本文的最佳标题是D.Nutritinist Reveals Truth Abut Fd Myths（营养学家揭示食物神话的真相）。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了营养学家揭示食物神话的真相。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、A、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段It may nt be cincidental that Betty，wh expected relatively lnger pauses between turns，is British，and Sara，wh expected relatively shrter pauses，is American.But Betty herself became an interrupter and fund herself ding mst f the talking when she met a visitr frm Finland.And Sara had a hard time cutting in n sme speakers frm Latin America r Israel.（贝蒂预计更长的停顿时间，她是英国人，而萨拉预计换人更短的停顿时间，她是美国人，这可能并非巧合。但是贝蒂自己成为了一个打断者，当她遇到一位来自芬兰的访客时，她发现自己主要是在说话。萨拉很难打断一些来自拉丁美洲或以色列的演讲者。）可知，期待最短的停顿说明说话最快，即以色列人说话最快，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第一段While Sara felt Betty didn't hld up her end f the cnversatin，Betty cmplained t Steve that Sara never gave her a chance t talk.The prblem had t d with expectatins abut pacing and pausing. （当萨拉觉得贝蒂没有完成她的谈话时，贝蒂向史蒂夫抱怨说，萨拉从来没有给过她说话的机会。这个问题与对节奏和停顿的预期有关。）和第四段The general phenmenn，then，is that the small cnversatin techniques，like pacing and pausing，lead peple t draw cnclusins nt abut cnversatinal style but abut persnality and abilities.（那么，一般的现象是，像节奏和停顿这样的小型会话技巧，导致人们得出的结论不是关于会话风格，而是关于个性和能力。）可知，短暂的停顿和快速的节奏会导致交流中断，故选A。
（3）词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段Althugh back hme she was cnsidered utging and cnfident，in Washingtn she was viewed as shy and retiring.When she was evaluated at the end f the year，she was tld t take a training curse because f her inability t speak up.（虽然在国内她被认为是外向和自信的，但在华盛顿她被认为是害羞和退隐的。当她在年底接受评估时，她被告知参加一个培训课程，因为她不能大声说话。）和最后一段中The result in this case was a judgment f psychlgical prblems—even in the mind f the wman herself，wh really wndered what was wrng with her and registered fr assertiveness training.（这个案例的结果是对心理问题的判断--即使是在这个女人自己的心里，她真的想知道自己出了什么问题，并登记参加了___训练。）可知，案例中的主人在华盛顿她被认为是害羞和退隐的，因为她不能大声说话，所以她被告知参加一个培训课程，可推知，该培训是训练她自信大声且迅速来表达自己的，划线单词assertiveness与D项"自信地迅速表达自己的想法"意思一样，A.being willing t speak ne's mind愿意说出自己的想法；B.being able t increase ne's pwer能够增强自己的力量；C.being ready t make ne's wn judgment准备做出自己的判断；D.being quick t express ne's ideas cnfidently迅速自信地表达自己的想法。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段But Betty herself became an interrupter and fund herself ding mst f the talking when she met a visitr frm Finland.And Sara had a hard time cutting in n sme speakers frm Latin America r Israel.（但是贝蒂自己成为了一个打断者，当她遇到一位来自芬兰的访客时，她发现自己主要是在说话。萨拉很难打断一些来自拉丁美洲或以色列的演讲者。）可知，作为英国人的贝蒂一直在说话，这并不能说明芬兰人在说话时停顿的时间较短，A .Peple frm Finland tend t pause shrter than thse frm Britain.（来自芬兰的人往往比来自英国的人停顿的时间短。）不符合原文意思，表达不正确，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Sara和Betty之间的交流问题，由于他们的交流习惯不同，导致了交流上的问题。文章指出，这种交流问题并不罕见，而且往往会导致人们对他人的性格和能力做出错误的评价。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】F、G、A、D、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Being a respnsible camper is abut mre than just respecting yur neighbrs and bserving the bundaries set by campsites. （作为一个负责任的露营者，不仅仅是尊重你的邻居，遵守露营地设定的界限。）推知，空处提出露营时还要注意什么。F.It's abut having the lwest impact pssible n the surrunding envirnment.（这是关于尽可能减少对周围环境的影响。）和上文意思一致。故选F。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Leave n trace. （不留痕迹。）可知，这一段建议人们不要再离开时留下垃圾之类对环境有影响的东西。G.Always leave yur campsite the same （r better） than yu fund it.（离开你的露营地时，一定要和你发现的一样（或更好）。）和上文意思一致。故选G。
（3）段落主题题。根据下文Harmful sunscreen chemicals can negatively affect dry land as well.They can pllute bdies f water and may take many years t break dwn in the natural envirnment，s be mindful f what yu put n yur bdies befre jumping int that lake. （有害的防晒化学物质也会对旱地产生负面影响。它们会污染水体，可能需要很多年才能在自然环境中分解，所以在跳进湖中之前，要注意你身上穿了什么。）可知，这一段提出要保护水资源的建议。A.Keep waterways clean.（保持水道清洁。）和下文意思一致，可以作为主旨句。故选A。
（4）联系上文题。空处位于段末，应承接上文根据上文Try t keep all f yur fd ut f reach frm wildlife. （尽量把你所有的食物都放在野生动物够不到的地方。）可知，空处指出不要喂野生动物。D.And mst imprtantly，remember never t feed wild animals.（最重要的是，记住永远不要喂野生动物。）和上文意思一致。故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Practice fire safety.While this is especially relevant n the west cast f the United States，where wildfire seasn is mst threatening，fire safety shuld always be a tp pririty while camping. （练习消防安全。虽然这在野火季节最具威胁的美国西海岸尤为重要，但露营时消防安全应始终是首要任务。）可知，这一段提出对使用火的建议。C.Only build fires in designated fire pits r rings.（只能在指定的火坑或火圈内生火。）符合语境。故选C。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了露营时要注意的事项。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、C、A、B、C、C、D、A、B、B、D、A、C、A、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A structures结构；B．respnsibilities责任；C．plicies政策；D．behavirs行为。根据下文Anther is that the helping behavirs are nt imprved if the children are rewarded 可知令人惊讶的是，科学家发现黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，故答案为D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A．cnflict冲突；B．ffend冒犯；C.cperate合作；D.discuss讨论。根据下文like gathering in war parties t prtect their territry 可知黑猩猩会以某种方式进行合作，故答案为C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A．help帮助；B．cntact联系；C．divide分割；D．trust信任。根据下文Chimps in the wild seek fd fr themselves 可知黑猩猩几乎没有彼此帮助的本能，故答案为A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A．manage设法完成；B．decline拒绝；C．attempt试图；D．frce强迫。根据下文t share fd with their children.wh are able frm a yung age t gather their wn fd 可知黑猩猩妈妈会拒绝与孩子分享食物，因为他们的孩子已经能够自己获取食物了，故答案为B。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A．curiusly 好奇地；B．unwillingly不情愿地；C．naturally自然地；D．carelessly 粗心地。根据下文he just desn't care whether his neighbr gets fed r nt.Chimps are truly selfish 可知在实验室，黑猩猩天生不会分享食物，故答案为C。
（6）考查固定搭配及语境理解。A．in turn轮流，反过来；B．with care小心地；C．at randm任意地；D.in advance 提前。根据下文he just desn't care whether his neighbr gets fed r nt.Chimps are truly selfish 可知它会随机拉过装有食物的盘子，故答案为C。
（7）考查固定搭配及语境理解。A．all in all总之；B．as a result结果是；C．in n case绝不；D．n the ther hand 另一方面。根据下文are extremely cperative Frm the earliest ages ，they decide t help thers ，t share infrmatin and t participate in achieving cmmn gals 可知另一方面，人类从很小的时候就知道互相帮助和分享，故答案为D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.cperativeness合作；B．availability可利用性；C．attack攻击；D．attractiveness 吸引。根据下文He finds that if babies aged 18 mnths see a wrried adult with hands full trying t pen a dr ，almst all will immediately try t help 可知这是测试的孩子的合作能力，故答案为A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.educated教育；B.pssessed拥有；C.mtivated激发；D.stimulated促进。上文说人类儿童很小的时候就知道合作，这说明这些行为不是教出来的，而是人类生来就有的（本能），故答案为B。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ld老的；B.yung年轻的；C.middle中间的；D.late迟到的。根据上句but naturally（9）in yung children.提示可知这种本能在年龄很小的时候就已经出现，故答案为B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.creatively创造性地；B.frmally正式地；C.cmpetitively竞争地；D.scially社交方面。根据上句 mst parents have started t train their children t behave 可知大多数家长已经开始训练他们的孩子在社交场合的恰当举止，故答案为D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.develps发展、养成；B.decreases减少；C.changes改变；D.disappears消失。上文说人类儿童从很小的时候就知道合作和帮助，人们认为这是因为社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展，故答案为A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。BA.invisible看不见的；.abstract抽象的；C.physical物质的，物理的；D.imaginary虚构的。根据空后的"the scial wrld"可知，与社会世界相对的应该是物理世界，故答案为C。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.infer推断；B.adapt适应；C.absrb吸收；D.balance平衡。上文说儿童思维中有托马塞洛所说的共同意向性，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有，这种能力会让人类儿童可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么，所以他们从小就知道合作和分享，故答案为A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.realistic实际的；B.shared共享的；C.specific 特定的；D.ambitius野心勃勃的。根据空前的"a shared purpse"可知此处指"共同的、共享的"，故答案为B。
本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一些研究分析了尽管黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，但是它们在分享和帮助方面仍然逊色于人类。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】cnfusing
【小题2】a
【小题3】is
【小题4】Hwever/Nevertheless
【小题5】it
【小题6】ptentially
【小题7】frm
【小题8】decisin
【小题9】t avid
【小题10】what
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：青少年是一个人一生中最令人兴奋但也最令人困惑的阶段之一。分析可知，此处应用修饰物的形容词cnfusing"令人困惑的"作定语，修饰名词stages，表示其特征，故填cnfusing。
（2）考查冠词。句意：你正处于探索的时期，试图找出你的喜好，其中之一就是你的消遣。根据句意可知，time在这里意为"时期"，是可数名词，结合语境可知，此处为泛指，且time是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
（3）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：你正处于探索的时期，试图找出你的喜好，其中之一就是你的消遣。分析可知，所填词为定语从句的谓语动词，结合语境及主语时态可知，句子是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，"ne f+名词/代词"作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故填is。
（4）考查副词。句意：然而，还有其他需要根据你的价值观和生活原则做出的选择。结合句意可知，上下文之间为转折关系，故应用hwever/nevertheless表示"然而"，句首单词首字母应大写，故填Hwever/Nevertheless。
（5）考查形式主语。句意：然而，对任何违法、可能造成伤害或对你或他人造成伤害的事情说不是可以的。分析可知，此处应用it作形式主语，后面的不定式t say n t anything为真正的主语，故填it。
（6）考查副词。句意：然而，对任何违法、可能造成伤害或对你或他人造成伤害的事情说不是可以的。分析可知，此处应用副词ptentially"可能"作状语，修饰动词causes，故填ptentially。
（7）考查介词。句意：你可能害怕拒绝，因为害怕失去朋友，但不要让这阻止你勇敢面对同伴的压力。stp sb.frm ding sth."阻止某人做某事"，固定搭配，故填frm。
（8）考查可数名词单数。句意：如果你的朋友是真正的朋友，他们会尊重你的决定，而不是强迫你加入他们。分析可知，此处应用名词decisin"决定"作宾语，结合语境可知，此处特指你的决定，应用其单数形式，故填decisin。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：你可以采取一些措施来避免负面的同伴压力。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，即采取措施的目的是避免负面的同伴压力，故填t avid。
（10）考查宾语从句连接词。句意：其次，做真实的自己，坚持你所相信的。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，故应用连接代词what引导，故填what。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年如何找到正确的娱乐活动和真正的朋友，以及如何避免来自同伴的负面压力。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Peter，
Knwing that yu have great passin fr Chinese culture，I'm writing t share with yu sme relevant details abut a lcal cultural heritage exhibitin last Saturday.【高分句型一】（点明主题）
Held in the city museum，the exhibitin attracted many visitrs.As a culture enthusiast，it was definitely a feast fr my eyes with all the exhibits ranging frm artistic masterpieces，hand-made art crafts t a display f lcal cultural custms.（展览内容）What tuches me mst，hwever，is the value the exhibitin represents.【高分句型二】It nt nly raises awareness f cultural heritage prtectin but als passes the heritage dwn t ur future generatins.（个人感受）
Enclsed here are sme f the phts f the exhibits.Hpe yu can have a real taste f Chinese culture.
Yurs
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knwing that yu have great passin fr Chinese culture，I'm writing t share with yu sme relevant details abut a lcal cultural heritage exhibitin last Saturday.
翻译：我知道你对中国文化有着极大的热情，所以我写信想与你分享上周六当地文化遗产展览的一些相关细节。
分析：本句使用了现在分词Knwing that yu have great passin fr Chinese culture作原因状语。
高分句型二：What tuches me mst，hwever，is the value the exhibitin represents.
翻译：然而，最令我感动的是展览所代表的价值。
分析：本句使用了what引导的主语从句。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
38.【答案】David arranged fr the seller t park the vehicle in his frnt yard t surprise his mther.Then he tricked his mther utside.Krystal felt cnfused when she first saw the car，and David explained that he had purchased the car fr her. 【高分句型一】As expected，Krystal assumed her sn was playing a practical jke，s she didn't take any f his wrds seriusly and laughed it ff. "Yeah，right!" she said jkingly.（大卫给母亲惊喜的具体过程，以及母亲的疑惑）
Krystal was shcked when the seller tld her the truth.She nearly culdn't believe it but tears already filled her eyes. "There's n way." she murmured.David hugged his mm tightly，cmfrting her， "Yu're my mm and yu have dne a lt fr me，s I want t help，" David assured her.Then the seller handed the car's keys and paperwrk t Krystal，wh was still in a state f shck. 【高分句型二】Mther and sn then excitedly gt int the car and drve ff tgether in their white 1999 Chevrlet Metr.（母亲相信了之后的震惊以及感动）
【解析】本文为记叙文，大卫的妈妈克里斯托刚刚离婚，要努力维持生计，她想找一份薪水更高的工作。然而，当时她没有任何可靠的交通工具，也买不起汽车。当大卫知道了之后，为了给他母亲买一辆车，他开始在附近做一些零工。一天，当他了解到一位女士以低价出售她的车。他很快联系上了卖家，问是否可以用自己的Xbx和他存下的一些钱来交换这辆车。令大卫惊喜的是，她接受了他的提议。
高分句型一：Krystal felt cnfused when she first saw the car，and David explained that he had purchased the car fr her.
译文：Krystal第一次看到这辆车时感到很困惑，David解释说这辆车是他为她买的。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Then the seller handed the car's keys and paperwrk t Krystal，wh was still in a state f shck.
译文：然后卖家把车钥匙和文件交给了Krystal，Krystal当时仍处于震惊状态。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。A.Keep waterways clean.
B.Aim fr zer waste.
C.Only build fires in designated fire pits r rings.
D.And mst imprtantly，remember never t feed wild animals.
E.Taking yur campsite ff the beaten path may sund adventurus.
F.It's abut having the lwest impact pssible n the surrunding envirnment.
G.Always leave yur campsite the same （r better） than yu fund it.
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Amng the wrks f art ever created by human hands，there are thse masterpieces that have left their mark n the histry f mankind frever.These artwrks have always inspired millins f peple fr creative daring and new creative discveries.
Mna Lisa
Prbably the mst famus painting in the wrld is Lenard da Vinci's La Gicnda，better knwn as Mna Lisa.This painting is an image f Madame Gherardini，the ideal wman f the Renaissance.And it suffered frm being damaged，stlen and even hung in Naplen's bedrm.The painting is fficially annunced priceless，as this masterpiece is the best art f all time.Mna Lisa is currently kept in the Luvre，Paris.
The Birth f Venus
Anther f the mst famus paintings is the Birth f Venus.Btticelli's painting illustrates the myth f the birth f Aphrdite.The beautiful gddess flats t the shre in a sea shell and n the shre she is met by ne f the Graces.The Birth f Venus is well preserved thanks t the fact that Btticelli applied a prtective layer f egg ylk（蛋黄） t the painting.This masterpiece is kept in Flrence in the Uffizi Gallery.
The Persistence f Memry
Accrding t the authr himself，the picture was painted as a result f abstract assciatins that Dali had at the sight f prcessed cheese.Gala predicted quite crrectly that n ne，nce having seen the Persistence f Memry，will frget it.This utstanding painting is lcated in the Museum f Mdern Art in New Yrk.
Girl with a Pearl Earring
It's an il painting n canvas（画布） by Dutch artist Jhannes Vermeer，ne f his mst well-knwn wrks.It describes an imaginary yung wman in extic（异国情调的） dress and a very large pearl earring.The wrk permanently stays in the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague.
1.Which picture experienced a lt in its being preserved prcess？ ______
A. Mna Lisa.B. The Birth f Venus.
C. The Persistence f Memry.D. Girl with a Pearl Earring.
2.Hw is the Birth f Venus well preserved？ ______
A. By being painted n canvas.
B. By being kept in Flrence.
C. With permanent care.
D. With a prtective layer f egg ylk.
3.Where will yu prbably find the text？ ______
A. In a nvel.B. In a fairy tale.
C. In a magazine.D. In a bk review.
B
My mther always tld me, “Yu shuld explre yur wn cuntry befre stepping ut int the wrld.” Hwever, it seems like a tugh missin t travel all acrss its expansive surfaces. But luckily fr me, Via Rail Canada ffered yuths between the ages f 18 and 25 the chance t ride the train acrss Canada fr the mnth f July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevr, Jel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the pprtunity and secured fur tickets n the great Canadian railrad.
Fr a grup f 20-year-lds, this was like the first flight f yung birds frm the nest. When we apprached the train statin in the mrning, ur 22-day adventure frm Sudbury t Vancuver was t begin. Eyes baggy frm lack f sleep, we jumped n bard as if it was the train t Hgwarts in Harry Ptter. Althugh the thught f three full days n thse tracks cvering clse t 3,000 kilmetres crushed ur spirits a little, what happened next caught us by surprise.
The three days n bard turned int a summer camp n rails. At night, we wuld climb up the glass-dmed train car, which gave us a scenic view f the starry night sky, untuched by the harmful light pllutin. Befre we knew it, the warm sun rays beating dwn n ur faces wke us up fr anther day n the rails. T my surprise, a sea f glden grain fields dminated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Anther day slipped away and we set up fr anther night in the dme (圆顶状物). And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstrm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memrable light shw left everyne in the glass bubble in cmplete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rcky Muntains was ne f the mst surreal experiences f my life. Befre the train adventure, if I culd have skipped the travel and arrived at the destinatin, I wuld have. That is n lnger true. I’ve learned that the jurney can be mre enjyable than the destinatin.
4.What has made the authr’s train adventure acrss Canada a reality?
A. The encuragement given by his mther.
B. The discunt ticket ffered by Via Rail Canada.
C. The appeal f the scenic views in the cuntry.
D. His great curage t challenge a tugh missin.
5.What can we infer abut the yung peple frm Paragraph 2?
A. They left their parents fr the first time in their life.
B. They never thught f having a train adventure.
C. They were hked by the magic stry f Harry Ptter.
D. They were excited abut the cming train jurney.
6.What des “the glass bubble” in the furth paragraph refer t?
A. The glass-dmed train car.B. The sightseeing tur.
C. A state f excitement.D. A summer camp n the train.
7.What did the authr learn frm the train adventure acrss Canada?
A. The destinatin is what matters.
B. Adventurus jurney attracts yung peple.
C. Enjying a jurney cunts a lt.
D. The traveling experience is nt real t him.
C
An expert has revealed whether carrts truly help yu see in the dark and if an apple a day actually keeps the dctr away.
Nutritinist Lily Sutter als clarifies if it really takes seven years t digest chewing gum （口香糖），whether yu can swim after eating and if fish is gd fr the brain.
She cnfirms that while carrts cntain lts f vitamin A，which helps maintain healthy visin，they dn't help yu see any better in the dark.Similarly，enjying an apple a day wn't in itself reduce yur chances f needing t visit a dctr，and chewing gum desn't take seven years t leave yur system.And sadly，eating celery （芹菜） desn't burn mre calries than yu gain frm eating it，despite 23 percent believing it t be the case.
Ygurt maker Onken teamed up with Lily.They cnducted a survey f 2，000 peple，finding half f them are"cnfused" abut fd fact and fictin.
Onken said， "Many f us rely n what we remember frm schl when it cmes t nutritin.But we're learning new things all the time abut what different fds d fr ur health，such as the benefit f fermented （发酵的） fds t ur gut and immune system.While sme f what's passed dwn ver generatins；is super advice，sme f it isn't."
The study als fund that swimming right after eating is wrngly believed by 34 percent f adults t he smething yu shuldn't d.In fact，it's exercising t high intensity immediately after eating that shuld be avided，as it can give yu a sudden pain.
Almst half believe fish is gd fr the brain.They're right，as lng as they're eating ily fish，essential mega-3 fatty acids in ily fish cntribute t nrmal brain functin.because e r"fake news" wrngly believed by many f thse surveyed include eating chicken sup helps if Other a cld （27%） and drinking fruit juice is as healthy as eating whle fruit （17%）.
8.What can we learn abut Lily Sutter's findings？ ______
A. an apple a day keeps the dctr away.
B. Eating celery surely helps us lse weight.
C. Eating carrts cntributes t healthy visin.
D. Carrts help us see things better in the dark.
9.Why is Onken mentined in the text？ ______
A. T appeal t mre peple t find right fd facts.
B. T infrm peple f the benefit f fermented fds.
C. T prve there are many makers wrking with Lily.
D. T pint ut many peple's mistaken nutritin ideas.
10.What attitude shuld we take t the nutritin ideas passed dwn ver generatins？ ______
A. Supprtive.B. Disapprving.C. Indifferent.D. Cautius.
11.What is the best title fr the text？ ______
A. Learning New Things Is Vital t Health
B. Hw t Fight "Fake News'" Abut Health
C. Welcme t the Mst Ppular Fd Myths
D. Nutritinist Reveals Truth Abut Fd Myths
D
Sara tried t befriend her ld friend Steve's new wife Betty，but Betty never seemed t have anything t say.While Sara felt Betty didn't hld up her end f the cnversatin，Betty cmplained t Steve that Sara never gave her a chance t talk.The prblem had t d with expectatins abut pacing and pausing.
Cnversatin is a turn-taking game.When ur habits are similar，there's n prblem.But if ur habits are different，yu may start t talk befre I'm finished r fail t take yur turn when I'm finished.That's what was happening with Betty and Sara.
It may nt be cincidental that Betty，wh expected relatively lnger pauses between turns，is British，and Sara，wh expected relatively shrter pauses，is American.Betty ften felt interrupted by Sara.But Betty herself became an interrupter and fund herself ding mst f the talking when she met a visitr frm Finland.And Sara had a hard time cutting in n sme speakers frm Latin America r Israel.
The general phenmenn，then，is that the small cnversatin techniques，like pacing and pausing，lead peple t draw cnclusins nt abut cnversatinal style but abut persnality and abilities.These habitual differences are ften the basis fr dangerus steretyping.And these scial phenmena can have very persnal cnsequences.Fr example，a wman frm the suthwestern part f the US went t live in an eastern city t take up a jb in persnnel.When the Persnnel Department gt tgether fr meetings，she kept searching fr the right time t break in— and never fund it.Althugh back hme she was cnsidered utging and cnfident，in Washingtn she was viewed as shy and retiring.When she was evaluated at the end f the year，she was tld t take a training curse because f her inability t speak up.
That's why slight differences in cnversatinal style—tiny little things like micrsecnds f pause-can have a great effect n ne's life.The result in this case was a judgment f psychlgical prblems—even in the mind f the wman herself，wh really wndered what was wrng with her and registered fr assertiveness training.
12.Accrding t the passage，wh are likely t expect the shrtest pauses between turns？ ______
A. Americans.B. Israelis.C. The British.D. The Finns.
13.We can learn frm the passage that ______ .
A. cmmunicatin breakdwn results frm shrt pauses and fast pacing
B. wmen are unfavrably steretyped in eastern cities f the US
C. ne's inability t speak up is culturally determined smetimes
D. ne shuld receive training t build up ne's cnfidence
14.The underlined wrd"assertiveness"in the last paragraph prbably means ______ .
A. being willing t speak ne's mind
B. being able t increase ne's pwer
C. being ready t make ne's wn judgment
D. being quick t express ne's ideas cnfidently
15.Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE？ ______
A. Peple frm Finland tend t pause shrter than thse frm Britain.
B. Cnversatinal techniques such as pacing and pausing may cause peple t jump t cnclusins abut ne's character and capabilities.
C. Peple in a cnversatin are expected t take turns in speaking.
D. Different cnversatinal habits may lead t a breakdwn in cmmunicatin.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Be A Respnsible Camper
Being a respnsible camper is abut mre than just respecting yur neighbrs and bserving the bundaries set by campsites.（1） ______ Please keep sustainable camping guidelines in mind while planning a trip int the great utdrs.
Leave n trace.（2） ______ Fllw the principles："" take nly pictures，leave nly ftprints".Mst "leave n trace" principles fcus n reducing ur impact n the natural envirnment.Fllwing the same rules fr hiking and ther utdr recreatinal activities is ne f the best ways t shw yur respect fr a natural destinatin.
（ 3） ______ Harmful sunscreen chemicals can negatively affect dry land as well.They can pllute bdies f water and may take many years t break dwn in the natural envirnment，s be mindful f what yu put n yur bdies befre jumping int that lake.As a rule f thumb，always stay at least 200 feet away frm any water surce while using sap r tthpaste.
Respect the wildlife.If yu're camping in a ppular area with plenty f peple arund，it's easy t frget that yu're actually sharing space with wild animal habitats.Animals that get t used t humans can get reliant，which disrupts the natural balance f things within their ecsystems.Smetimes，t much interactin with peple can make animals mre aggressive r lead t mre human-wildlife cnflicts.Try t keep all f yur fd ut f reach frm wildlife.（4） ______
Practice fire safety.While this is especially relevant n the west cast f the United States，where wildfire seasn is mst threatening，fire safety shuld always be a tp pririty while camping.（5） ______ In areas knwn fr having greater fire danger，it pays t have a shvel r a bucket f water handy t take care f any runaway flames.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Since 1960，cnsiderable scientific researches have been dne n chimps in their natural habitats.Astnishingly，scientists have fund ut that the scial（1） ______ f Chimps are very similar t humans.Chimps will（2） ______ in certain ways，like gathering tgether t prtect their land.But beynd the minimum requirements as scial beings，they have little instinct （本能） t（3） ______ ne anther.Chimps in the wild seek fd fr themselves.Even chimp mthers regularly（4） ______ t share fd with their children.Wh are able frm a yung age t gather their wn fd？
In the labratry，chimps dn't（5） ______ share fd either.If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in ne plate f fd fr himself r，with n greater effrt，a plate that als prvides fd fr a neighbr t the next cage，he will pull（6） ______ --he just desn't care whether his neighbr gets fed r nt.Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children，（7） ______ ，are extremely cperative.Frm the earliest ages，they decide t help thers，t share infrmatin and t participate in achieving cmmn gals.The psychlgist Michael Tmasell has studied this（8） ______ in a series f experiments with very yung children.He finds that if babies aged 18 mnths see a wrried adult with hands full trying t pen a dr，almst all will immediately try t help.
There are several reasns t believe that the urges t help，infrm and share are nt taught，but naturally（9） ______ in yung children.One is that these instincts appear at a very（10） ______ age befre mst parents have started t train their children t behave（11） ______ Anther is that the helping behavirs are nt imprved if the children are rewarded.A third reasn is that scial intelligence（12） ______ in children befre their general cgnitive（认知的） skills，at least when cmpared with chimps.In tests cnducted by Tmasell，the human children did n better than the chimps n the（13） ______ wrld test s but were cnsiderably better at understanding the scial wrld.
The cre （核心） f what children's minds have and chimps' dn't is what Tmasell calls shared intentinality.Part f this ability is that they can（14） ______ what thers knw r are thinking.But beynd that，even very yung children want t be part f a shared purpse.They actively seek t be part f a "we"，a grup that intends t wrk tward a（n）（15） ______ gal.
21.A. structuresB. respnsibilities
C. pliciesD. behavirs
22.A. cnflictB. ffendC. cperateD. discuss
23.A. helpB. cntactC. divideD. trust
24.A. manageB. declineC. attemptD. frce
25.A. curiuslyB. unwillinglyC. naturallyD. carelessly
26.A. in turnB. with careC. at randmD. in advance
27.A. all in allB. as a result
C. in n caseD. n the ther hand
28.A. cperativenessB. availability
C. attackD. attractiveness
29.A. educatedB. pssessedC. mtivatedD. stimulated
30.A. ldB. yungC. middleD. late
31.A. creativelyB. frmallyC. cmpetitivelyD. scially
32.A. develpsB. decreasesC. changesD. disappears
33.A. invisibleB. abstractC. physicalD. imaginary
34.A. inferB. adaptC. absrbD. balance
35.A. realisticB. sharedC. specificD. ambitius
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.Teenage years are ne f the mst exciting yet（1） ______ （ cnfuse） stages in a persn's life.Yu are at（2） ______ time f explratin，trying t find ut yur preferences，ne f which（3） ______ （ be）yur pastime（消遣）.
Sme pastimes have n mral implicatins（影响）.（4） ______ there are ther chices that need t be made based n yur values and principles in life.Sme examples include skipping schl t watch a mvie with sme friends，r even attending a party where there will be alchl and drugs freely given ut.Hw d yu respnd？
Hwever，（5） ______ is kay t say n t anything that is illegal，（6） ______ （ ptential） causes ham r is hurtful t yu r thers.Yu may be afraid t refuse fr fear f lsing friends but d nt let that stp yu（7） ______ standing up t peer pressure.If yur friends are true friends，they will respect yur（8） ______ （ decide） and nt frce yu t jin them.
There are sme steps yu may take（9） ______ （ avid） negative peer pressure.Firstly，stay away frm friends wh frce yu t d things that yu knw are wrng.Next，be true t yurself and stand up fr（10） ______ yu believe in.And if a situatin gets ut f hand，d nt hesitate t apprach an adult yu trust fr help.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假如你是李华，上周六你参加了在市博物馆举办的文化遗产展览，请向你的外国笔友Peter介绍本次展览，内容包括：
1.展览内容；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
38.13-year-ld David is really a generus by and he naturally seeks t help thers.Fr example，in 2017，the cmmunity recgnized David fr his wrk t help lcal senirs.At that
time，he fixed brken lawnmwers （剪草机） and prvided yard wrk and cleanup help t elderly neighbrs.
David's mm，Krystal，has been adjusting t life as a newly divrced single mm.She nw lives in Fernley with her three kids and three dgs.She has lst her jb and is struggling t make ends meet.She thught f lking fr better paid wrk in a different part f twn.At the time，hwever，she did nt have any reliable means f transprtatin and culd nt affrd a car.
"At my lw pint，here cmes my sn，"Krystal says， "Everybdy ges thrugh rugh times in their life，but there's gd that can cme frm any situatin as lng as smebdy with a heart des it."
David verheard his mther telling smene hw a car wuld slve mst f her prblems.He recgnized the many sacrifices she made t prvide fr their family，and he felt an urgent need t pay her back and help her in sme way.One day，David saw a vide where a child earned mney t buy his mm a car；at that mment，he decided that he wuld d the same thing.
He secretly made a plan t save enugh mney t purchase a car fr his mther.Hestarted wrking additinal dd jbs arund his neighbrhd，such as yard wrk and lawn mwing.
One day，an advertisement caught his attentin：A wman had listed her car fr an inexpensive price.He quickly reached ut t the seller and asked if he culd pssibly trade in his Xbx fr the car，in additin t sme cash he had saved.T David's delighted surprise，after negtiating（协商） with the wman，she accepted his ffer.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
David arranged fr the seller t park the vehicle in his frnt yard t surprise his mther.
Krystal was shcked when the seller tld her the truth.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Mna Lisa部分And it suffered frm being damaged，stlen and even hung in Naplen's bedrm.（它遭受了损坏，被盗，甚至挂在拿破仑的卧室里）可知，Mna Lisa在保存过程中经历了很多。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Birth f Venus部分The Birth f Venus is well preserved thanks t the fact that Btticelli applied a prtective layer f egg ylk （蛋黄） t the painting.（《维纳斯的诞生》之所以保存得很好，是因为波提切利在画作上涂了一层蛋黄保护层）可知，因为有一层蛋黄的保护层，所以《维纳斯的诞生》保存得很好。故选D。
（3）文章出处题。根据第一段Amng the wrks f art ever created by human hands，there are thse masterpieces that have left their mark n the histry f mankind frever.These artwrks have always inspired millins f peple fr creative daring and new creative discveries.（在人类创造的艺术作品中，有一些杰作在人类历史上留下了永远的印记。这些艺术品一直激励着数以百万计的人进行创造性的大胆尝试和新的创造性发现）及下文可知，文章介绍了四幅名画。由此推知，本文可能出自与艺术相关的杂志。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四幅名画。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】B、D、A、C
【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者和朋友乘坐火车穿越加拿大的经历，描述了他们在路途中的所见所闻和感受。
1. 根据第一段中的Hwever, it ticket was a bargain $150.（然而，穿越它广阔的表面似乎是一项艰巨的任务。但对我来说幸运的是，Via Rail Canada为18至25岁的年轻人提供了在7月份乘坐火车穿越加拿大的机会。票价便宜到150美元。）可知，是加拿大Via铁路公司提供的折扣票让作者穿越加拿大的火车冒险变成了现实。故选B。
2. 根据第二段中Fr a grup f 20-year- jumped n bard as if it was the train t Hgwarts in Harry Ptter.（对于一群20多岁的年轻人来说，这就像是雏鸟第一次从巢里飞出来。当我们早上到达火车站时，我们从Sudbury到Vancuver的22天冒险就要开始了。由于睡眠不足，我们的眼睛都肿了起来，我们跳上了火车，就好像是《哈利波特》里开往霍格沃茨的火车。）可知，年轻人对即将到来的火车旅行很兴奋。故选D。
3. 根据第三段中At night, we wuld climb up the glass-dmed train car, which gave us a scenic view f the starry night sky，untuched by the harmful light pllutin.（晚上，我们会爬上玻璃圆顶车厢，在那里我们可以看到满天星斗的夜空，没有受到有害的光污染。）以及划线短语上文And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstrm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate.The spectacular and memrable light shw left everyne（这次迎接我们的是描绘着梦幻般的雷雨的夜空。闪电以令人难以置信的速度袭来。壮观而难忘的光影秀让每个人都难以置信。）可知，the glass bubble指的是玻璃穹顶的火车车厢。故选A。
4. 根据最后一段中的I've learned that the jurney can be mre enjyable than the destinatin.（我明白了旅途比目的地更令人愉快。）可知，作者从穿越加拿大的火车冒险中学到了享受一段旅程很重要。故选C。
8~11.【答案】C、D、D、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第三段She cnfirms that while carrts cntain lts f vitamin A，which helps maintain healthy visin，they dn't help yu see any better in the dark.（她证实，虽然胡萝卜含有大量维生素A，有助于保持健康的视力，但它们不会帮助你在黑暗中看得更清楚。）可知C.Eating carrts cntributes t healthy visin.（吃胡萝卜有助于健康视力。）符合题意。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第五段Onken said， "Many f us rely n what we remember frm schl when it cmes t nutritin.But we're learning new things all the time abut what different fds d fr ur health，such as the benefit f fermented （发酵的） fds t ur gut and immune system.While sme f what's passed dwn ver generatins；is super advice，sme f it isn't."（Onken说，"当谈到营养时，我们许多人都依赖于我们从学校里记住的东西。但是我们一直在学习新的东西，关于不同的食物对我们的健康有什么好处，比如发酵的（发酵的）食物对我们的肠道和免疫系统。而一些代代相传的东西。是超级建议，但有些不是。"）可知文中提到Onken是为了指出很多人错误的营养观念。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章第五段While sme f what's passed dwn ver generatins；is super advice，sme f it isn't.（而一些代代相传的东西是超级好的建议，但有些不是。）可知我们对代代相传的营养观念持谨慎态度。A.Supprtive.支持的；B.Disapprving.不赞成的；C.Indifferent.不在乎的；D.Cautius.谨慎的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段An expert has revealed whether carrts truly help yu see in the dark and if an apple a day actually keeps the dctr away.（一位专家揭示了胡萝卜是否真的能帮助你在黑暗中看清东西，以及每天一个苹果是否真的能让医生远离你。）可知本文的最佳标题是D.Nutritinist Reveals Truth Abut Fd Myths（营养学家揭示食物神话的真相）。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了营养学家揭示食物神话的真相。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、A、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段It may nt be cincidental that Betty，wh expected relatively lnger pauses between turns，is British，and Sara，wh expected relatively shrter pauses，is American.But Betty herself became an interrupter and fund herself ding mst f the talking when she met a visitr frm Finland.And Sara had a hard time cutting in n sme speakers frm Latin America r Israel.（贝蒂预计更长的停顿时间，她是英国人，而萨拉预计换人更短的停顿时间，她是美国人，这可能并非巧合。但是贝蒂自己成为了一个打断者，当她遇到一位来自芬兰的访客时，她发现自己主要是在说话。萨拉很难打断一些来自拉丁美洲或以色列的演讲者。）可知，期待最短的停顿说明说话最快，即以色列人说话最快，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第一段While Sara felt Betty didn't hld up her end f the cnversatin，Betty cmplained t Steve that Sara never gave her a chance t talk.The prblem had t d with expectatins abut pacing and pausing. （当萨拉觉得贝蒂没有完成她的谈话时，贝蒂向史蒂夫抱怨说，萨拉从来没有给过她说话的机会。这个问题与对节奏和停顿的预期有关。）和第四段The general phenmenn，then，is that the small cnversatin techniques，like pacing and pausing，lead peple t draw cnclusins nt abut cnversatinal style but abut persnality and abilities.（那么，一般的现象是，像节奏和停顿这样的小型会话技巧，导致人们得出的结论不是关于会话风格，而是关于个性和能力。）可知，短暂的停顿和快速的节奏会导致交流中断，故选A。
（3）词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段Althugh back hme she was cnsidered utging and cnfident，in Washingtn she was viewed as shy and retiring.When she was evaluated at the end f the year，she was tld t take a training curse because f her inability t speak up.（虽然在国内她被认为是外向和自信的，但在华盛顿她被认为是害羞和退隐的。当她在年底接受评估时，她被告知参加一个培训课程，因为她不能大声说话。）和最后一段中The result in this case was a judgment f psychlgical prblems—even in the mind f the wman herself，wh really wndered what was wrng with her and registered fr assertiveness training.（这个案例的结果是对心理问题的判断--即使是在这个女人自己的心里，她真的想知道自己出了什么问题，并登记参加了___训练。）可知，案例中的主人在华盛顿她被认为是害羞和退隐的，因为她不能大声说话，所以她被告知参加一个培训课程，可推知，该培训是训练她自信大声且迅速来表达自己的，划线单词assertiveness与D项"自信地迅速表达自己的想法"意思一样，A.being willing t speak ne's mind愿意说出自己的想法；B.being able t increase ne's pwer能够增强自己的力量；C.being ready t make ne's wn judgment准备做出自己的判断；D.being quick t express ne's ideas cnfidently迅速自信地表达自己的想法。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段But Betty herself became an interrupter and fund herself ding mst f the talking when she met a visitr frm Finland.And Sara had a hard time cutting in n sme speakers frm Latin America r Israel.（但是贝蒂自己成为了一个打断者，当她遇到一位来自芬兰的访客时，她发现自己主要是在说话。萨拉很难打断一些来自拉丁美洲或以色列的演讲者。）可知，作为英国人的贝蒂一直在说话，这并不能说明芬兰人在说话时停顿的时间较短，A .Peple frm Finland tend t pause shrter than thse frm Britain.（来自芬兰的人往往比来自英国的人停顿的时间短。）不符合原文意思，表达不正确，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Sara和Betty之间的交流问题，由于他们的交流习惯不同，导致了交流上的问题。文章指出，这种交流问题并不罕见，而且往往会导致人们对他人的性格和能力做出错误的评价。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】F、G、A、D、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文Being a respnsible camper is abut mre than just respecting yur neighbrs and bserving the bundaries set by campsites. （作为一个负责任的露营者，不仅仅是尊重你的邻居，遵守露营地设定的界限。）推知，空处提出露营时还要注意什么。F.It's abut having the lwest impact pssible n the surrunding envirnment.（这是关于尽可能减少对周围环境的影响。）和上文意思一致。故选F。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Leave n trace. （不留痕迹。）可知，这一段建议人们不要再离开时留下垃圾之类对环境有影响的东西。G.Always leave yur campsite the same （r better） than yu fund it.（离开你的露营地时，一定要和你发现的一样（或更好）。）和上文意思一致。故选G。
（3）段落主题题。根据下文Harmful sunscreen chemicals can negatively affect dry land as well.They can pllute bdies f water and may take many years t break dwn in the natural envirnment，s be mindful f what yu put n yur bdies befre jumping int that lake. （有害的防晒化学物质也会对旱地产生负面影响。它们会污染水体，可能需要很多年才能在自然环境中分解，所以在跳进湖中之前，要注意你身上穿了什么。）可知，这一段提出要保护水资源的建议。A.Keep waterways clean.（保持水道清洁。）和下文意思一致，可以作为主旨句。故选A。
（4）联系上文题。空处位于段末，应承接上文根据上文Try t keep all f yur fd ut f reach frm wildlife. （尽量把你所有的食物都放在野生动物够不到的地方。）可知，空处指出不要喂野生动物。D.And mst imprtantly，remember never t feed wild animals.（最重要的是，记住永远不要喂野生动物。）和上文意思一致。故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Practice fire safety.While this is especially relevant n the west cast f the United States，where wildfire seasn is mst threatening，fire safety shuld always be a tp pririty while camping. （练习消防安全。虽然这在野火季节最具威胁的美国西海岸尤为重要，但露营时消防安全应始终是首要任务。）可知，这一段提出对使用火的建议。C.Only build fires in designated fire pits r rings.（只能在指定的火坑或火圈内生火。）符合语境。故选C。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了露营时要注意的事项。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、C、A、B、C、C、D、A、B、B、D、A、C、A、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A structures结构；B．respnsibilities责任；C．plicies政策；D．behavirs行为。根据下文Anther is that the helping behavirs are nt imprved if the children are rewarded 可知令人惊讶的是，科学家发现黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，故答案为D。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A．cnflict冲突；B．ffend冒犯；C.cperate合作；D.discuss讨论。根据下文like gathering in war parties t prtect their territry 可知黑猩猩会以某种方式进行合作，故答案为C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A．help帮助；B．cntact联系；C．divide分割；D．trust信任。根据下文Chimps in the wild seek fd fr themselves 可知黑猩猩几乎没有彼此帮助的本能，故答案为A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A．manage设法完成；B．decline拒绝；C．attempt试图；D．frce强迫。根据下文t share fd with their children.wh are able frm a yung age t gather their wn fd 可知黑猩猩妈妈会拒绝与孩子分享食物，因为他们的孩子已经能够自己获取食物了，故答案为B。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A．curiusly 好奇地；B．unwillingly不情愿地；C．naturally自然地；D．carelessly 粗心地。根据下文he just desn't care whether his neighbr gets fed r nt.Chimps are truly selfish 可知在实验室，黑猩猩天生不会分享食物，故答案为C。
（6）考查固定搭配及语境理解。A．in turn轮流，反过来；B．with care小心地；C．at randm任意地；D.in advance 提前。根据下文he just desn't care whether his neighbr gets fed r nt.Chimps are truly selfish 可知它会随机拉过装有食物的盘子，故答案为C。
（7）考查固定搭配及语境理解。A．all in all总之；B．as a result结果是；C．in n case绝不；D．n the ther hand 另一方面。根据下文are extremely cperative Frm the earliest ages ，they decide t help thers ，t share infrmatin and t participate in achieving cmmn gals 可知另一方面，人类从很小的时候就知道互相帮助和分享，故答案为D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.cperativeness合作；B．availability可利用性；C．attack攻击；D．attractiveness 吸引。根据下文He finds that if babies aged 18 mnths see a wrried adult with hands full trying t pen a dr ，almst all will immediately try t help 可知这是测试的孩子的合作能力，故答案为A。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.educated教育；B.pssessed拥有；C.mtivated激发；D.stimulated促进。上文说人类儿童很小的时候就知道合作，这说明这些行为不是教出来的，而是人类生来就有的（本能），故答案为B。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ld老的；B.yung年轻的；C.middle中间的；D.late迟到的。根据上句but naturally（9）in yung children.提示可知这种本能在年龄很小的时候就已经出现，故答案为B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.creatively创造性地；B.frmally正式地；C.cmpetitively竞争地；D.scially社交方面。根据上句 mst parents have started t train their children t behave 可知大多数家长已经开始训练他们的孩子在社交场合的恰当举止，故答案为D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.develps发展、养成；B.decreases减少；C.changes改变；D.disappears消失。上文说人类儿童从很小的时候就知道合作和帮助，人们认为这是因为社会智力的发展早于一般认知能力的发展，故答案为A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。BA.invisible看不见的；.abstract抽象的；C.physical物质的，物理的；D.imaginary虚构的。根据空后的"the scial wrld"可知，与社会世界相对的应该是物理世界，故答案为C。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.infer推断；B.adapt适应；C.absrb吸收；D.balance平衡。上文说儿童思维中有托马塞洛所说的共同意向性，而黑猩猩的思维中却没有，这种能力会让人类儿童可以推断别人知道什么或正在想什么，所以他们从小就知道合作和分享，故答案为A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.realistic实际的；B.shared共享的；C.specific 特定的；D.ambitius野心勃勃的。根据空前的"a shared purpse"可知此处指"共同的、共享的"，故答案为B。
本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一些研究分析了尽管黑猩猩的社会行为与人类非常相似，但是它们在分享和帮助方面仍然逊色于人类。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】cnfusing
【小题2】a
【小题3】is
【小题4】Hwever/Nevertheless
【小题5】it
【小题6】ptentially
【小题7】frm
【小题8】decisin
【小题9】t avid
【小题10】what
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：青少年是一个人一生中最令人兴奋但也最令人困惑的阶段之一。分析可知，此处应用修饰物的形容词cnfusing"令人困惑的"作定语，修饰名词stages，表示其特征，故填cnfusing。
（2）考查冠词。句意：你正处于探索的时期，试图找出你的喜好，其中之一就是你的消遣。根据句意可知，time在这里意为"时期"，是可数名词，结合语境可知，此处为泛指，且time是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
（3）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：你正处于探索的时期，试图找出你的喜好，其中之一就是你的消遣。分析可知，所填词为定语从句的谓语动词，结合语境及主语时态可知，句子是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，"ne f+名词/代词"作主语，谓语动词应用单数，故填is。
（4）考查副词。句意：然而，还有其他需要根据你的价值观和生活原则做出的选择。结合句意可知，上下文之间为转折关系，故应用hwever/nevertheless表示"然而"，句首单词首字母应大写，故填Hwever/Nevertheless。
（5）考查形式主语。句意：然而，对任何违法、可能造成伤害或对你或他人造成伤害的事情说不是可以的。分析可知，此处应用it作形式主语，后面的不定式t say n t anything为真正的主语，故填it。
（6）考查副词。句意：然而，对任何违法、可能造成伤害或对你或他人造成伤害的事情说不是可以的。分析可知，此处应用副词ptentially"可能"作状语，修饰动词causes，故填ptentially。
（7）考查介词。句意：你可能害怕拒绝，因为害怕失去朋友，但不要让这阻止你勇敢面对同伴的压力。stp sb.frm ding sth."阻止某人做某事"，固定搭配，故填frm。
（8）考查可数名词单数。句意：如果你的朋友是真正的朋友，他们会尊重你的决定，而不是强迫你加入他们。分析可知，此处应用名词decisin"决定"作宾语，结合语境可知，此处特指你的决定，应用其单数形式，故填decisin。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：你可以采取一些措施来避免负面的同伴压力。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，即采取措施的目的是避免负面的同伴压力，故填t avid。
（10）考查宾语从句连接词。句意：其次，做真实的自己，坚持你所相信的。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，故应用连接代词what引导，故填what。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年如何找到正确的娱乐活动和真正的朋友，以及如何避免来自同伴的负面压力。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Peter，
Knwing that yu have great passin fr Chinese culture，I'm writing t share with yu sme relevant details abut a lcal cultural heritage exhibitin last Saturday.【高分句型一】（点明主题）
Held in the city museum，the exhibitin attracted many visitrs.As a culture enthusiast，it was definitely a feast fr my eyes with all the exhibits ranging frm artistic masterpieces，hand-made art crafts t a display f lcal cultural custms.（展览内容）What tuches me mst，hwever，is the value the exhibitin represents.【高分句型二】It nt nly raises awareness f cultural heritage prtectin but als passes the heritage dwn t ur future generatins.（个人感受）
Enclsed here are sme f the phts f the exhibits.Hpe yu can have a real taste f Chinese culture.
Yurs
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knwing that yu have great passin fr Chinese culture，I'm writing t share with yu sme relevant details abut a lcal cultural heritage exhibitin last Saturday.
翻译：我知道你对中国文化有着极大的热情，所以我写信想与你分享上周六当地文化遗产展览的一些相关细节。
分析：本句使用了现在分词Knwing that yu have great passin fr Chinese culture作原因状语。
高分句型二：What tuches me mst，hwever，is the value the exhibitin represents.
翻译：然而，最令我感动的是展览所代表的价值。
分析：本句使用了what引导的主语从句。
写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数。写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程。积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效。
38.【答案】David arranged fr the seller t park the vehicle in his frnt yard t surprise his mther.Then he tricked his mther utside.Krystal felt cnfused when she first saw the car，and David explained that he had purchased the car fr her. 【高分句型一】As expected，Krystal assumed her sn was playing a practical jke，s she didn't take any f his wrds seriusly and laughed it ff. "Yeah，right!" she said jkingly.（大卫给母亲惊喜的具体过程，以及母亲的疑惑）
Krystal was shcked when the seller tld her the truth.She nearly culdn't believe it but tears already filled her eyes. "There's n way." she murmured.David hugged his mm tightly，cmfrting her， "Yu're my mm and yu have dne a lt fr me，s I want t help，" David assured her.Then the seller handed the car's keys and paperwrk t Krystal，wh was still in a state f shck. 【高分句型二】Mther and sn then excitedly gt int the car and drve ff tgether in their white 1999 Chevrlet Metr.（母亲相信了之后的震惊以及感动）
【解析】本文为记叙文，大卫的妈妈克里斯托刚刚离婚，要努力维持生计，她想找一份薪水更高的工作。然而，当时她没有任何可靠的交通工具，也买不起汽车。当大卫知道了之后，为了给他母亲买一辆车，他开始在附近做一些零工。一天，当他了解到一位女士以低价出售她的车。他很快联系上了卖家，问是否可以用自己的Xbx和他存下的一些钱来交换这辆车。令大卫惊喜的是，她接受了他的提议。
高分句型一：Krystal felt cnfused when she first saw the car，and David explained that he had purchased the car fr her.
译文：Krystal第一次看到这辆车时感到很困惑，David解释说这辆车是他为她买的。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：Then the seller handed the car's keys and paperwrk t Krystal，wh was still in a state f shck.
译文：然后卖家把车钥匙和文件交给了Krystal，Krystal当时仍处于震惊状态。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。A.Keep waterways clean.
B.Aim fr zer waste.
C.Only build fires in designated fire pits r rings.
D.And mst imprtantly，remember never t feed wild animals.
E.Taking yur campsite ff the beaten path may sund adventurus.
F.It's abut having the lwest impact pssible n the surrunding envirnment.
G.Always leave yur campsite the same （r better） than yu fund it.
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