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2022-2023学年广西河池市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年广西河池市高二（下）期末英语试卷（含详细答案解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
With Hustn starting t get back t nrmal，we want yu t knw that Art Cllecting，cm will cntinue t prvide cmmunity art guides as we have been ding it fr the past 24 years.
Art f the Wrld Gallery
The gallery prvides a cntemprary，cmplex and rich cultural experience fr art enthusiasts and cllectrs frm all arund the wrld.Directly representing sme f the mst imprtant living artists frm Asia，Eurpe，and Latin America，Art f the Wrld Gallery is ne f the mst famus galleries in the state，lcated in Hustn's finest htspt fr lcals and turists.
Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery
Established in Hustn Histric Art District，at Sawyer Yards，Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery with 2，000 square feet features amazing paintings f landscapes and seascapes by impressinistic artists.In additin t hsting artist exhibitins，it prvides art cnsultatin services fr cllectrs，designers and art enthusiasts.
Zatista Cntemprary and Fine Art
With ver 4，000 wrks frm the mst talented emerging（发展初期的）and established artists，Zatista prvides access t the types f wrks previusly nly available t seasned cllectrs.Buying nline with Zatista is easy with their free art cnsultatin，certificates f authenticity，and a buyer guarantee that allws yu t try art in yur hme with free returns.
Jhn Palmer Fine Art
It's lcated in the avenue in the Histric Heights.The cmbinatin f a saved 1930's bungalw（平房） with museum-quality new cnstructin is the perfect atmsphere t shwcase the great wrks f artist Jhn Rss Palmer.Jhn Palmer Fine Art is pen by appintment nly.Yu can set an appintment by calling 713- 861-6726.We lk frward t shwing yu the beautiful wrld f Jhn Palmer Fine Art!
1.What des Art Cllecting，cm aim at？ ______
A. Helping talented artists.B. Cllecting artwrks.
C. Funding art rganizatins.D. Offering art infrmatin.
2.What can visitrs d in Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery？ ______
A. Experience different cultures.B. Hld persnal exhibitins.
C. Admire impressinist paintings.D. Obtain authentic certificates.
3.What is special abut Jhn Palmer Fine Art？ ______
A. It shws nly ne artist's wrks.
B. It is in Hustn's best spt.
C. It can be visited withut an appintment.
D. It ffers art cnsultatin services.
B
Grwing up，I always wanted t be a farmer.When I was little，I read Dick King-Smith's bks abut a girl called Sphie wh wanted t be a "lady farmer" and fell in lve with the girl.And we ften visited family friends in Wales wh had sheep.I wuld help them bttle feed the lambs.
Nw I wrk n a farm lking after sheep.When a sheep gives birth t a lamb，I get up Nw I wrk an be ut until really late，but I lve it.Seeing all that new life cme int the wrld is just amazing-we get abut 100 new lambs in tw weeks.The pregnant（怀孕的）sheep have a strng feeling f being a mther just befre they're abut t give birth-smetimes yu have t stp them frm stealing ther sheep's lambs.
The newbrn lambs are really playful-they run arund and have lamb races.Their mums shut at them in the evening t make them settle dwn，because they can't hld them in the way that human parents d.After the sheep give birth，I watch carefully t see if I need t intervene.Smetimes I bttle-feed lambs wh've been rejected by their mthers fr a health prblem r sme ther reasns，and thse nes，usually remember yu frever.
Being a farmer makes me realize the treasure the planet ffers us.Thus，I usually buy rganic fd if I can get it，which is ne way t be kinder t ur envirnment.Visiting a lcal farm and buying their prduce can als d sme gd t Earth.I als suggest peple avid fast fashin-it's als damaging t ur planet.
4.What des the authr want t tell us in Paragraph 1？ ______
A. She wanted t wrk in Wales.
B. She raised a sheep as a pet.
C. She fell in lve with farming when yung.
D. She lved reading bks when yung.
5.Hw des the authr feel when a sheep gives birth t a lamb？ ______
A. It is fun and cheerful.B. It is bring and messy.
C. It is cmmn but dangerus.D. It is tiring but wnderful.
6.What des the underlined wrd"intervene" in Paragraph 3 prbably mean？ ______
A. G n.B. Step in.C. Clean up.D. Hld n.
7.What d we knw abut the authr？ ______
A. She has clse cnnectins with animals.
B. She has strng envirnmental awareness.
C. She is nt wealthy.
D. She manages a farm.
C
On January 17，the "Chinese Bridge" Cultural Experience 8.Exchange Prgramme kicked ff at Chngqing Bashu Secndary Schl.Internatinal students will attend Humanities，Languages，Cultures Winter Camp nline during the next week."Chinese Bridge" is a large-scale prgramme fr internatinal Chinese language educatin spnsred by the Centre fr Language Educatin and Cperatin.Since its launching in 2002，"Chinese Bridge"has been serving as a vital platfrm fr Chinese language learning，understanding f China，and Chinese culture experiencing and a bridge cnnecting Chinese and freign yung peple.
Aside frm Chinese language curses，the Prgramme als pens curses n tea culture，Tai Chi，calligraphy，and illustratin painting and hlds lectures n Bayu culture.Chinese students and internatinal students in Chngqing will be invited t share their studies and life in this city.As a result，they can help prmte Chinese culture，assist attendees f the Prgramme in understanding China's develpments，build friendships with the attendees，and draw mre internatinal students t study in the cuntry.
"Chngqing is attracting freign students t study in China，mre than just sending Chinese students t study abrad.It has turned int a cultural pineer frm an inheritr（继承人）.Becming the prgramme hst prves that Chngqing has made remarkable achievements in internatinal cperatin and educatinal refrm，" said Li Bin，directr f Internatinal Cperatin and Exchange Divisin，Chngqing Municipal Educatin Cmmissin.
At the end f the first day f the winter camp，students shared hw they felt.Hellen frm Altai State University in Russia said with excitement，"I lve the Chinese classical dance and instrument perfrmances!But my favurite is the chrus，which is said t be the theme sng f the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.It is s beautiful，and I will learn t sing it."Jac，a Chinese language teacher frm KCE Internatinal Schl Cambdia，praised the adequate preparatin by the Bashu Secndary Schl，and said it wuld be a fun and valuable learning learning experience fr students.
8.Which f the fllwing is the purpse f Paragraph 1？ ______
A. T intrduce the tpic.
B. T attract the readers' attentin.
C. T stress the backgrund.
D. T discver the pwer f the "Chinese bridge".
9.What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut？ ______
A. The style f painting.
B. The variety f Chinese curses.
C. The cntent and the psitive result f the curses.
D. The appraches t spreading Chinese culture.
10.What can be learned frm the last paragraph？ ______
A. Students shared their feelings n the secnd day f the camp.
B. Jac thught the preparatin by the Bashu Secndary Schl was gd.
C. Hellen said it wuld be a valuable learning experience fr students.
D. Bth Hellen and Jac are teachers frm Russia.
11.In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear？ ______
A. Literature.B. Travel.C. Advertisement.D. Educatin.
D
Clur saturatin（饱和） refers t the intensity（强度） f the reds，greens and blues.Phts high in clur saturatin make fd lk fresher and tastier t viewers，which increases their willingness t rder the menu items，a new study suggests."In the restaurant business，these results prvide a simple methd t increase sales，" said Stephanie Liu，lead authr f the study；and assciate prfessr f hspitality management at the Ohi State University."On Instagram，it means using the 'X-Pr Ⅱ' filter（滤镜） n yur fd phts rather than the 'Early bird' filter.It csts nthing，s it's an easy win fr restaurant marketers."
In ne survey，267 participants were asked t imagine themselves lking thrugh ptins n an nline fd- rdering platfrm.They were shwn phts f a pke bwl，a Hawaiian dish featuring fish，vegetables and sauce ver rice.They were randmly asked t view ne f the fur different phts with either high r lw clur saturatin and either clse r farther away visual distance.The fd in the mre highly-saturated phts lked fresher and tastier t participants，and that led them t be.mre likely t，purchase the fd.But clur saturatin had a strnger effect when the fd appeared mre distant in the phts."When the fd is shwn clse up，it's already easy fr the viewers t imagine hw fresh and tasty the fd wuld be，"Liu said."Clur saturatin is nt as necessary.
In the secnd survey，222 nline participants were asked t imagine they were lking thrugh phts f pizza frm a restaurant near their hme.They were tld they wuld either be eating alne r with their family.As in the previus study，the fd in the clur saturated pht was always seen as fresher and tastier and ne that peple wuld be mre likely t buy.But that effect was strnger fr peple wh were tld they wuld be eating alne."When peple are eating with thers，the scial experience is a big part f what peple lk frward t，"Liu said."But when they are eating alne，they fcus mre n the fd itself."
"These findings are mre imprtant nw than ever befre，" Liu said."With peple rdering nline，restaurants have t pst pictures f their fd n nline rdering platfrms.They shuld pay mre attentin t the phts they pst as they d t the saturatin is ne key element they need t fcus n."
12.What is a direct effect f the"X-Pr Ⅱ filter accrding t Stephanie Liu？ ______
A. Strengthening the"Early bird" filter.
B. Keeping clur saturatin lw.
C. Making fd in phts mre appealing.
D. Increasing the variety f menu items.
13.When des clur saturatin functin mre effectively accrding t the study？ ______
A. When the fd appears farther t the bserver.
B. When the pke bwl cntains mre fd.
C. When the fd is fresher and tastier in reality.
D. When the visual distance f the fd is shrter.
14.What can we knw abut peple eating with thers？ ______
A. They take scial experience int cnsideratin.
B. They chse fd that is easier t btain.
C. They want the fd t be fresher and tastier.
D. They pay mre attentin t clur saturatin.
15.Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. Hw Clur Speaks fr Menu Items Online
B. Hw Clur Saturatin Affects Peple
C. Hw Clur Brings Benefits t Ordering Platfrms
D. Hw Clur in Phts Makes Fd Lk Tastier
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Cmmuters（上下班往返的人） were treated t an entirely different train experience n Saturday.（1） ______ Instead，they did sme mindful activities like drawing t relax.The unique service was perated by the Lndn Nrth Eastern Railway （LNER） and the train travelled frm Lndn's King's Crss t Lincln in the UK，accrding t Time Out.The gal was t advance peple's understanding f what they can d t relax and manage stress.
（ 2） ______ It shwed that 53% f peple wh travelled by rail enjyed their trip because it gave them a chance t relax，accrding t a press release frm the railrad.In fact，66% f the peple surveyed believed it was imprtant t switch ff everyday nise when they travelled.
Travelling by train was nt just fr getting t the destinatin but als fr making the mst f a relaxing envirnment t engage in activities that culd imprve ne's sense f well-being.Taking this int cnsideratin，the railrad decided t demnstrate every pssible way that peple culd relax n the train.This resulted in the cncept f the Wellness Train.（3） ______ They were run by a panel f experts.Each passenger received a seat in a car that featured an activity and a special bag.He/She culd learn the relaxatin activity with behaviur therapist（治疗专家） Ann Richardsn.（4） ______ Other mindful activities included writing and cluring.Mrever，sme were even devted t games and puzzles.
（ 5） ______ But it's hped that passengers will try ut the idea that train travel can be a relaxing and stress relieving way t cmmute every day.
A.This was just a ne-day event.
B.Hw did it cme abut？
C.This special train trip ffered md- bsting activities.
D.There is a well-established link between wellbeing and train travel.
E.He/ She culd als learn the traditinal art f paper flding.
F.The idea was the result f research cnducted by LNER.
G.They didn't lk at their smart phnes r read newspapers n this train.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Karen Darke was paralyzed（瘫痪的） frm the chest dwn in a climbing accident mre .than 20 years ag.Hwever，it hasn't stpped her winning Paralympic gld r cntinuing her life as an extreme （1） ______ .
She was 21 when she fell 10 metres （abut 33 feet） ff a sea cliff while rck（2） ______ ，in Sctland.She wke up and was tld she was paralyzed frm the chest dwn.She's been in a （3） ______ ever since.
She had a really hard time.Hwever，what pened her eyes was seeing ther patients arund her with even less muscle functin，and the news f a clse friend dying while climbing，nly a few mnths after her wn accident."It just kind f made me（4） ______ that I was still here，and I had t make the mst f the situatin，" she says.
Her first （5） ______ after her accident was a handbike ride alng the Silk Rute frm Kazakhstan t Pakistan in the Himalayas in 1997，which she still thinks is her mst （6） ______ ne s far.Other expeditins（远征）（ 7） ______ ，including mre Himalayan rides，sit-skiing acrss Greenland in 2007 and climbing the 3，000-ft cliff El Capitan in Ysemite in 2008.
Darke （8） ______ the British Para-cycling team in ：2010 and wn silver at the Lndn Paralympics tw years was（9） ______ t g ne better in Ri，but（10） ______ like a car accident in 2013 and an infectin in the fall f 2015 made training（11） ______ .
Her latest adventure is Quest 79，a prject t （12） ______ a ttal f nine handbike rides n seven cntinents while （13） ______ mney fr charity and encuraging thers t take n their wn challenges.Darke believes the biggest （14） ______ t living and achieving ur dreams isn't ur bdies，but ur minds."Even if in ur （15） ______ days when we think we can't d it anymre，anything is pssible. "
21.A. adventurerB. patientC. cachD. driver
22.A. strikingB. climbingC. drillingD. shaking
23.A. wheelchairB. wardC. hspitalD. car
24.A. realizeB. dreamC. findD. imagine
25.A. permissinB. travelC. impressinD. expeditin
26.A. significantB. painfulC. rdinaryD. disappinting
27.A. fixedB. fllwedC. engagedD. lay
28.A. attendedB. ranC. jinedD. escaped
29.A. strangeB. carefulC. relaxedD. desperate
30.A. setbacksB. pprtunitiesC. frtuneD. supprts
31.A. attractiveB. fearfulC. meaningfulD. challenging
32.A. riseB. catchC. undertakeD. ntice
33.A. makingB. raisingC. wningD. ffering
34.A. slutinB. apprachC. cnnectinD. barrier
35.A. lightestB. brightestC. darkestD. shrtest
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.The rmance f Liang Shanb and Zhu Yingtai，the butterfly lvers，（ 1） ______ has been regarded as ne f the fur majr legends f China，is a precius masterwrk f Chinese culture.Fr thusands f years，it has remained enduringly（2） ______ （ impress） amng peple fr the explratin f knwledge，pursuit f lve.The thrilling plt and remarkable （3） ______ （character） are well received by the masses.
Ever since it （4） ______ （take） shape in the Jin Dynasty 1，600 years ag，the Legend f Butterfly Lvers has been circulating in Ningb，Shangyu，Hangzhu，Yixing，Jining and Runan while spreading（5） ______ （gradual） t ther areas f the cuntry.Thrugh the ages，the cntent has gt enriched by peple in varius regins with even many tmbstnes engraved and temples （6） ______ （ build） fr the butterfly lvers.In additin，the legend has spread t Suth Krea，Vietnam，Burma，Japan，Singapre（7） ______ Indnesia.t The' widespread influence is hardly seen amng the Chinese flktales indeed.
Just like ther dictatin literature and nn- material cultural heritage，ver the past 20 years，（8） ______ dictatin-based Legend f Butterfly Lvers has undergne great impact due t mdernizatin factrs.The riginal stry-tellers passed away ne by ne yet the yunger generatin is unwilling （9） ______ （pass） it n，s it is faced （10） ______ the crisis f survival.Urgent preservatin is being called fr s that the fine cultural traditin can be handed dwn t the upcming generatins.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你校上周六晚举办了一场露天晚会，以庆祝学校成立60周年，请为你校的英文报写一篇新闻报道。
内容包括：
（1）晚会目的、时间、地点；
（2）晚会过程；
（3）观众反响。
参考词汇：周年纪念日 anniversary
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was hard fr me，a single mther，t put everyday fd n the table fr three grwing tween and teen bys with the little I earned frm wrk，but I prmised them a nice meal fr Thanksgiving day.
We lked frward t a day f gd eating!But there was nly enugh bread in the huse fr a little stuffing，a few small sweet ptates，ne can f green beans，and tw chicken breasts.It wuld have t d.
The next day，I met my friend and neighbur，Aleta，at her hme.Her fur bys and my kids were gd friends.Her husband had recently lst his jb due t illness，and financial difficulties hvered（盘旋） ver their husehld as well.
"Were yu able t get a turkey fr Thanksgiving？" I asked.
"N，it will just be an rdinary meal fr us.
We were chatting abut preparing a simple Thanksgiving dinner tgether withut a turkey.
Suddenly my friend's furteen- year -ld asked，"What abut the turkey，cranberry sauce，mashed ptates and pie？"
I explained that unless they wanted t get ut in the neighburhd and earn sme mney，the menu std as planned.He grabbed the lawnmwer and varius gardening tls，alng with tw f my sns，and headed ut t entice（游说） neighburs t hire them fr yard wrk.Althugh it was late in the afternn when they began their missin，they fund a few neighburs wh helped them earn enugh t purchase mst f the items they set ut fr，except the turkey.
Fur days befre Thanksgiving，my friend called with news abut a family living in ur cmmunity wh needed help' with fd.The father had been in an accident and unable t wrk.My friend and I went t visit them with sme f ur hliday ckies，hping t help in sme way.We gathered in their living rm.In n time，everyne devured（狼吞虎咽） the ckies.
Seeing the situatin，withut a wrd，we lked at each ther，asking urselves the same questin：Culd we sacrifice（牺牲） a little mre and give the family ur hliday meal？
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Early the next mrning，we were able t deliver tw full bags f fd t the family._________________
T my amazement，fur full paper bags f fd waited utside the dr._____________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的With Hustn starting t get back t nrmal，we want yu t knw that Art-Cllecting.cm will cntinue t prvide cmmunity art guides as we have been ding it fr the past 24 years.（随着休斯顿开始恢复正常，我们想让你知道 Art-Cllecting.cm将一如既往地继续提供社区艺术指南。）可知，Art-Cllecting.cm网站主要提供关于艺术方面的信息。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据对Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery部分In additin t hsting artist exhibitins，it prvides art cnsultatin services fr cllectrs，designers and art enthusiasts.（除了举办艺术家展览，它还为收藏家、设计师和艺术爱好者提供艺术咨询服务。）可知，这里展出印象派的艺术作品，游客可以欣赏印象派绘画。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Jhn Palmer Fine Art部分The cmbinatin f a saved 1930's bungalw （平房） with museum-quality new cnstructin is the perfect atmsphere t shwcase the great wrks f artist Jhn Rss Palmer. （保存下来的1930年代的平房与博物馆级的新建筑相结合，是展示艺术家约翰•罗斯•帕尔默伟大作品的完美氛围。）和与上文其它美术馆的对比可知，Jhn Palmer Fine Art的特别之处在于只展出一位艺术家的作品。故选A。
本文主要介绍了休斯顿的艺术画廊，包括Art f the Wrld Gallery、Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery、Zatista Cntemprary and Fine Art和Jhn Palmer Fine Art。这些画廊提供了丰富的文化体验和艺术作品，吸引了来自世界各地的艺术爱好者和收藏家。其中，Art f the Wrld Gallery代表了来自亚洲、欧洲和拉丁美洲的重要艺术家，Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery展示了印象派艺术家的壮丽景观画，Zatista则提供了来自新兴和已经建立的艺术家的作品，而Jhn Palmer Fine Art则展示了艺术家Jhn Rss Palmer的杰作。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、D、B、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Grwing up，I always wanted t be a farmer.When I was little，I read Dick King-Smith's bks abut a girl called Sphie wh wanted t be a "lady farmer" and fell in lve with that girl.And we ften visited family friends in Wales wh had sheep.I wuld help them bttle- feed the lambs.（长大后，我一直想成为一名农民。当我还小的时候，我读了迪克•金•史密斯写的关于一个叫索菲的女孩的书，她想成为一个"农妇"，并爱上了那个女孩。我们经常去拜访在威尔士养羊的家庭朋友。我会帮他们用奶瓶喂羊羔。）可知，作者想通过第一段告诉我们她小时候就喜欢农事。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段When a sheep gives birth t a lamb，I get up at 5 can be ut until really late，but I lve it.Seeing all that new life cme int the wrld is just amazing（当一只绵羊生下一只小羊羔时，我早上5点起床，可以在外面呆到很晚，但我喜欢这样。看到所有的新生命来到这个世界上真是太神奇了。）可知，在羊生产时作者是劳累但惊喜的。故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词后的"Smetimes I bttle-feed lambs wh've been rejected by their mthers fr a health prblem r sme ther reasns. （有时我用奶瓶喂那些因为健康问题或其他原因被妈妈抛弃的羊羔，而这些羊羔，通常会永远记住你。）"可推知，当母羊产羔羊后，作者需要仔细观察，确定自己是否需要插手，有时候她得用奶瓶喂养那些被母羊冷落的羔羊。所以intervene意为"干预，插手"。A.G n.继续；B.Step in.介入，插手；C.Clean up.清理；D.Hld n.等一等。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Being a farmer makes me realize the treasure the planet ffers us.Thus，I usually buy rganic fd if I can get it，which is ne way t be kinder t ur envirnment.Visiting a lcal farm and buying their prduce can als d sme gd t Earth.I als suggest peple avid fast fashin — it's als damaging t ur planet.（作为一名农民，我意识到这个星球给我们提供的财富。因此，如果我能买到有机食品，我通常会买，这是对我们的环境更友好的一种方式。参观当地农场并购买他们的农产品也对地球有益。我还建议人们避免快时尚---它也对我们的星球有害。）可知，作者会买有机食品，建议环境友好型购物方式，可得出作者有很强的环保意识。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在农场照顾羊羔的经历。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
8~11.【答案】A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段On January 17，the "Chinese Bridge" Cultural Experience & Exchange Prgramme kicked ff at Chngqing Bashu Secndary Schl.Internatinal students will attend Humanities，Languages，Cultures Winter Camp nline during the next week. "Chinese Bridge" is a large- scale prgramme fr internatinal Chinese language educatin spnsred by the Centre fr Language Educatin and Cperatin.Since its launching in 2002， "Chinese Bridge" has been serving as a vital platfrm fr Chinese language learning，understanding f China，and Chinese culture experiencing and a bridge cnnecting Chinese and freign yung peple.（1月17日，"汉语桥"文化体验交流项目在重庆市巴蜀中学拉开帷幕。国际学生将于下周在线参加人文、语言、文化冬令营。"汉语桥"是由语言教育与合作中心主办的大型国际汉语教育项目。"汉语桥"自2002年创办以来，一直是中外青年学习汉语、了解中国、体验中国文化的重要平台，也是连接中外青年的桥梁。）可推断，第一段的作用是引出文章的主题。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Aside frm Chinese language curses，the Prgramme als pens curses n tea culture，Tai Chi，calligraphy，and illustratin painting and hlds lectures n Bayu culture.（除汉语课程外，还开设了茶文化、太极拳、书法、插画等课程，并举办巴渝文化讲座。）和As a result，they can help prmte Chinese culture，assist attendees f the Prgramme in understanding China's develpments，build friendships with the attendees，and draw mre internatinal students t study in the cuntry. （因此，他们可以帮助促进中国文化，帮助项目参与者了解中国的发展，与参与者建立友谊，并吸引更多的国际学生来中国学习。）可知，第二段主要展示课程的内容和积极效果。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段Jac，a Chinese language teacher frm KCE Internatinal Schl Cambdia，praised the adequate preparatin by the Bashu Secndary Schl，and said it wuld be a fun and valuable learning learning experience fr students.（柬埔寨KCE国际学校的汉语老师Jac称赞巴蜀中学做了充分的准备，并表示这对学生来说将是一次有趣而有价值的学习经历。）可知，Jac对巴蜀中学的准备工作是十分肯定的。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。根据文章大意可知，文章介绍了重庆开展的"汉语桥"文化体验交流活动项目，进行了课程的介绍以及该项目产生的积极效果。该文可能出现在报纸的教育板块。A.Literature.文学；B.Travel.旅游；C.Advertisement.广告；D.Educatin.教育。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了重庆开展的"Chinese Bridge" Cultural Experience 8.Exchange Prgramme项目，进行了课程的介绍以及该项目产生的积极效果。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】C、A、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Clur saturatin（饱和） refers t the intensity（强度） f the reds，greens and blues.Phts high in clur saturatin make fd lk fresher and tastier t viewers，which increases their willingness t rder the menu items，a new study suggests（色彩饱和度是指红色、绿色和蓝色的强度。一项新的研究表明，色彩饱和度高的照片会让食物看起来更新鲜、更美味，这增加了观众点餐的意愿）可知，色彩饱和度高的照片使食物看起来更新鲜、更美味，而根据第一段On Instagram，it means using the 'X-Pr Ⅱ' filter（滤镜） n yur fd phts rather than the 'Early bird' filter.（在Instagram上，这意味着在你的食物照片上使用"X-Pr Ⅱ"滤镜，而不是"早鸟"滤镜。）可知，X-PrⅡ滤镜可以提高照片的色彩饱和度。由此可见，X-PrⅡ滤镜的直接效果就是让照片里的食物更有吸引力。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的But clur saturatin had a strnger effect when the fd appeared mre distant in the phts（但是当食物出现在照片中更远处时，色彩饱和度有更强的影响）可知，当照片中的食物呈现得离观察者越远，色彩饱和度就会发挥更有效的作用。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段的When peple are eating with thers，the scial experience is a big part f what peple lk frward t（当人们和别人一起吃饭时，社交体验是人们所期待的很大一部分） 并对比独自吃饭和与家人一起吃饭两种情况可知，当与家人一起吃饭时，人们会考虑除了食物之外的更多的因素；而自己吃饭时会更专注食物本身。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：色彩饱和度高的照片使食物看起来更新鲜、更美味。A.Hw Clur Speaks fr Menu Items Online颜色如何在网上表达菜单项；B.Hw Clur Saturatin Affects Peple色彩饱和度如何影响人们；C.Hw Clur Brings Benefits t Ordering Platfrms色彩如何给订购平台带来好处；D.Hw Clur in Phts Makes Fd Lk Tastier照片中的颜色如何让食物看起来更美味。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，色彩饱和度高的照片使食物看起来更新鲜、更美味，从而增加了用户的消费意愿。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】G、F、C、E、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句Instead，they did sme mindful activities like drawing t relax（反之，他们做了一些有意识的活动，比如画画来放松），可知表示"他们在火车上既不看智能手机，也不看报纸"的选项G可以和后文构成转折关系，介绍人们在火车上的活动，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句The unique service was perated by the Lndn Nrth Eastern Railway （LNER） and the train travelled frm Lndn's King's Crss t Lincln in the UK，accrding t Time Out.The gal was t advance peple's understanding f what they can d t relax and manage stress（据Time Out报道，这项独特的服务由伦敦东北铁路公司运营，列车从伦敦国王十字车站开往英国林肯。目的是提高人们对如何放松和管理压力的理解）；以及后句It shwed that 53% f peple wh travelled by rail enjyed their trip because it gave them a chance t relax，accrding t a press release frm the railrad（它显示，53%的乘火车旅行的人喜欢这次旅行，因为这给了他们一个放松的机会），可知表示"这个想法是LNER进行研究的结果"的选项F可以承接前文对于LNER的介绍，引出后文的研究结果，故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据后文They were run by a panel f experts.Each passenger received a seat in a car that featured an activity and a special bag.He/She culd learn the relaxatin activity with behaviur therapist（治疗专家） Ann Richardsn（他们由一个专家小组管理。每位乘客都会在一辆车上得到一个座位，座位上有一项活动和一个特殊的袋子。他/她可以和行为治疗师Ann Richardsn一起学习放松活动），可知表示"这次专列之旅提供了提振情绪的活动"的选项C符合语境，介绍提振情绪的活动，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句Other mindful activities included writing and cluring.Mrever，sme were even devted t games and puzzles（其他的正念活动包括写作和涂色。此外，有些活动甚至专门用于游戏和谜题），可知表示"她/他还可以学习传统的折纸艺术"的选项E符合语境，具体介绍活动内容，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句But it's hped that passengers will try ut the idea that train travel can be a relaxing and stress relieving way t cmmute every day（但希望乘客们能尝试这样一种想法，即火车旅行可以成为一种放松和缓解压力的日常通勤方式），可知表示"这只是一天的活动"的选项A符合语境，说明要把这一天的活动变成经常性的行为，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一趟特殊的火车，人们在火车上可以通过折纸、画画等正念活动来缓解压力。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】A、B、A、A、D、A、B、C、D、A、D、C、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.adventurer冒险家；B.patient病人；C.cach教练；D.driver司机。句意：然而，这并没有阻止她赢得残奥会金牌，也没有阻止她继续作为一名极限冒险家的生活。根据下文中的"she fell 10 metres （abut 33 feet） ff a sea cliff while rck（2）in Sctland"可知，她在攀岩的时候从海崖上掉落，说明她喜欢极限冒险。故选A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.striking撞，碰；B.climbing攀登，爬；C.drilling钻（孔）；D.shaking摇动。句意：她21岁时在苏格兰攀岩时从海崖上10米（约33英尺）的地方跌落。根据第一段中的"in a climbing accident"可知，这里是climbing的原词复现。故选B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.wheelchair轮椅；B.ward病房；C.hspital医院；D.car汽车。句意：从那以后她一直坐在轮椅上。根据上文中的"she was paralyzed"可知，她瘫痪了，所以要坐在轮椅上。故选A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.realize意识到；B.dream梦想；C.find发现；D.imagine想象。句意：她说："这让我意识到我还在这里，我必须充分利用这种情况。"根据上文"Hwever，what pened her eyes was seeing ther patients arund her with even less muscle functin，and the news f a clse friend dying while climbing，nly a few mnths after her wn accident."可知，周围患者的身体状况差和亲密朋友的去世让她意识到了她还在世，要充分把握现在。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.permissin允许；B.travel旅行；C.impressin印象；D.expeditin 远征，探险。句意：事故发生后，她的第一次探险是1997年在喜马拉雅山从哈萨克斯坦到巴基斯坦的丝绸之路上骑手动自行车，她仍然认为这是她迄今为止最重要的一次探险。根据下句中的"Other expeditins"可知，这里是expeditin的原词复现。故选D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.significant重要的；B.painful令人痛苦的；C.rdinary普通的；D.disappinting令人失望的。句意：事故发生后，她的第一次探险是1997年在喜马拉雅山从哈萨克斯坦到巴基斯坦的丝绸之路上骑手动自行车，她仍然认为这是她迄今为止最重要的一次探险。根据语境并结合句中的"Her first（5）after her accident"可知，在事故导致瘫痪后，她的第一次骑行探险应该有着重要的意义。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.fixed（使）固定；B.fllwed在……后发生；C.engaged吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；D.lay躺。句意：随后进行了其他探险，包括更多的喜马拉雅山骑行、2007年穿越格陵兰岛的坐式滑雪以及2008年攀登约塞米蒂国家公园3000英尺高的埃尔卡皮坦悬崖。上文中的"Her first （5）after her accident was a handbike ride alng the Silk Rute frm Kazakhstan t Pakistan in the Himalayas in 1997"表明她在1997年进行了第一次探险，所以这里是说随后她又进行了许多其他探险。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.attended出席，参加；B.ran跑步；C.jined成为……的一员，加入；D.escaped逃跑。句意：Darke于2010年加入英国残疾人自行车队，两年后在伦敦残奥会上获得银牌。根据空后的"the British Para-cycling team"，这里是说她加入了英国残疾人自行车队。故选C。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.strange奇怪的；B.careful小心的；C.relaxed放松的；D.desperate极想的，渴望的。句意：她极想在里约取得更好的成绩，但2013年的一场车祸和2015年秋天的一次感染等阻碍使训练变得充满挑战。根据空后的"t g ne better in Ri"，这里是说她特别渴望能够在里约取得更好的成绩。故选D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.setbacks挫折，阻碍；B.pprtunities机会；C.frtune运气，机会；D.supprts支持。句意：她极想在里约取得更好的成绩，但2013年的一场车祸和2015年秋天的一次感染等阻碍使训练变得充满挑战。根据空后的"like a car accident in 2013 and an infectin in the fall f 2015"，车祸和感染都是她进行训练的阻碍。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.attractive吸引人的；B.fearful可怕的；C.meaningful重要的，意味深长的；D.challenging挑战性的。句意：她极想在里约取得更好的成绩，但2013年的一场车祸和2015年秋天的一次感染等阻碍使训练变得充满挑战。根据空前的"like a car accident in 2013 and an infectin in the fall f 2015"，像车祸和感染这样的阻碍让她参加训练非常艰难，即有挑战性。故选D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.rise上升；B.catch接住，截住；C.undertake承担，着手做；D.ntice注意，理会。句意：她最近的一次冒险是Quest 79，这是一个在七大洲共进行九次手动自行车骑行的项目，同时为慈善事业筹集资金，并鼓励其他人接受自己的挑战。根据空后的"a ttal f nine handbike rides"，这里是说用手动自行车着手骑行九次。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.making使得；B.raising筹募；C.wning拥有；D.ffering主动提出。句意：她最近的一次冒险是Quest 79，这是一个在七大洲共进行九次手动自行车骑行的项目，同时为慈善事业筹集资金，并鼓励其他人接受自己的挑战。根据空后的"mney fr charity"，这里是说为慈善事业筹募资金。故选B。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.slutin解决方案；B.apprach方法；C.cnnectin联系；D.barrier障碍。句意：Darke认为，生活和实现梦想的最大障碍不是我们的身体，而是我们的思想。根据句中的"isn't ur bdies，but ur minds"并结合Darke虽瘫痪但仍致力于冒险活动可知，她不畏身体上的局限，还开发出了许多潜能，所以这里是说生活和实现梦想的最大障碍不是身体，而是思想。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lightest最轻的；B.brightest最亮的；C.darkest最黑暗的；D.shrtest最短的。句意：即使在我们最黑暗的日子里，当我们认为我们再也做不到的时候，任何事情都是可能的。根据空后days后面的定语从句"when we think we can't d it anymre"，并结合热衷冒险活动的Darke因一场事故而瘫痪、只能与轮椅为伴可知，我们认为我们再也做不成这件事的时候是我们人生最黑暗的时候。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Karen Darke虽然因一场事故而瘫痪，但依然致力于极限冒险活动，并且还为慈善事业做贡献。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】which
【小题2】impressive
【小题3】characters
【小题4】tk
【小题5】gradually
【小题6】built
【小题7】and
【小题8】the
【小题9】t pass
【小题10】with
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：梁山伯和祝英台这对蝴蝶恋人的爱情故事被誉为中国四大传说之一，是中国文化的一部珍贵杰作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面的The rmance，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
（2）考查形容词。句意：千百年来，它以探索知识、追求爱情而在人们心中留下了不可磨灭的印象。空处作remained的表语，应用形容词。impress是动词，其形容词形式是impressive，意为"给人深刻印象的"，符合语境。故填impressive。
（3）考查名词复数。句意：扣人心弦的情节和引人注目的人物深受群众欢迎。character意为"人物"，为可数名词，根据常识，该故事中有许多人物。所以应用名词复数。故填characters。
（4）考查动词的时态。句意：《梁祝》自1600年前的晋朝形成以来，一直在宁波、上虞、杭州、宜兴、济宁、汝南等地流传，并逐渐传播到全国各地。根据句中的时间状语"in the Jin Dynasty 1，600 years ag"，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填tk。
（5）考查副词。句意：《梁祝》自1600年前的晋朝形成以来，一直在宁波、上虞、杭州、宜兴、济宁、汝南等地流传，并逐渐传播到全国各地。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用副词修饰动词spreading。gradually意为"逐渐地"。故填gradually。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：古往今来，各地的人们为这对蝴蝶恋人雕刻了许多墓碑，建造了许多寺庙，丰富了内容。这里是with复合结构，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语temples和build之间是被动系，所以应用过去分词。故填built。
（7）考查连词。句意：此外，这个传说还传播到了韩国、越南、缅甸、日本、新加坡和印度尼西亚。根据空前的"Suth Krea，Vietnam，Burma，Japan，Singapre"和空后的"Indnesia"可知，这里是在列举传播到的国家，表示并列，应用and连接。故填and。
（8）考查定冠词。句意：与其他口述文学和非物质文化遗产一样，20多年来，由于现代化因素的影响，以口述为基础的《梁祝》受到了巨大的影响。前文已经提到了Legend f Butterfly Lvers，这里是特指前文提到的《梁祝》，应用定冠词the，故填the。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：最初的故事讲述者一个接一个地去世了，但年轻一代不愿意把它传下去，所以它面临着生存的危机。be unwilling t d sth.是固定搭配，意为"不愿意做某事"。故填t pass。
（10）考查介词。句意：最初的故事讲述者一个接一个地去世了，但年轻一代不愿意把它传下去，所以它面临着生存的危机。be faced with是固定搭配，意为"面临"，所以空格处用介词with。故填with。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《梁祝》的故事起源、对世界文化的影响以及面临的现状。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】 An pen-air party was held in the schl playgrund t celebrate the 60th anniversary f ur schl last Saturday evening.Organized by the music club，the party attracted hundreds f students.【高分句型一】（晚会目的、时间、地点）The party started at 7：00 p.m.，and the audience was first impressed by an inspiring sng by tw students，t which twenty perfrmers danced.What fllwed was mre appealing，which included peras，shrt plays，and magic shws.【高分句型二】The party ended at 9：30 p.m.（晚会过程）S fascinating was the party that the audience was lking frward t mre events like this.（观众反响）
【解析】高分句型一 Organized by the music club，the party attracted hundreds f students.
翻译：由音乐俱乐部组织的聚会吸引了数百名学生。
分析：句中使用了过去分词短语Organized by the music 作状语。
高分句型二 What fllwed was mre appealing，which included peras，shrt plays，and magic shws.
翻译：接下来的节目更吸引人，包括歌剧、短剧和魔术表演。
分析：句中使用了What引导主语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Early the next mrning，we were able t deliver tw full bags f fd t the family.Their yung children jumped with excitement as they tk fd ut f the bags.【高分句型一】Their parents cried as they shwed gratitude t us again and again.There were three days left until Turkey Day，thugh I avided calling it Turkey Day since there wuld nt be any turkey.We nce again expected ur simple mixture f fds that wuld create a fine enugh feast with ur friends.Tw mrnings befre the hliday，my ldest sn pened the frnt dr t take ut the trash.He cried，"Mum，there's smething at the dr."（我们给这家人送食物时对方的感激，并且后来我们自己也收到了别人给的食物）
T my amazement，fur full paper bags f fd waited utside the dr.Nw it was ur turn t pull ut plenty f hliday fds，a turkey and sme apple pie included!My sns and I put away the fd happily and chatted abut the renewed hliday menu.We wndered wh wuld make such a cnsiderate gesture.【高分句型二】Even if ur sns did nt recall mentining anything t neighburs，it was pssible they gave away sme infrmatin.We gt an unexpected BOGO（buy ne get ne free） deal when we gave away tw bags and received fur!Nne f us will ever underestimate the pwer f giving.（我们收到了食物后很开心，对谁送的食物感到好奇，并最后意识到了给予的力量）
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个单亲妈妈，家里有三个男孩，自己赚的微薄薪水难以给家人一顿丰盛的感恩节大餐。但孩子自愿去社区赚钱筹备感恩节大餐。而感恩节前四天作者得知社区有一家需要食物帮助，作者把自家筹备感恩节的食物送了一些给这家人，但没想到自己后来竟然收到了别人给的食物。
高分句型一：Their yung children jumped with excitement as they tk fd ut f the bags.
译文：当他们从袋子里拿出食物时，年幼的孩子们兴奋地跳了起来。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：We wndered wh wuld make such a cnsiderate gesture.
译文：我们想知道谁会做出这样体贴的姿态。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
With Hustn starting t get back t nrmal，we want yu t knw that Art Cllecting，cm will cntinue t prvide cmmunity art guides as we have been ding it fr the past 24 years.
Art f the Wrld Gallery
The gallery prvides a cntemprary，cmplex and rich cultural experience fr art enthusiasts and cllectrs frm all arund the wrld.Directly representing sme f the mst imprtant living artists frm Asia，Eurpe，and Latin America，Art f the Wrld Gallery is ne f the mst famus galleries in the state，lcated in Hustn's finest htspt fr lcals and turists.
Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery
Established in Hustn Histric Art District，at Sawyer Yards，Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery with 2，000 square feet features amazing paintings f landscapes and seascapes by impressinistic artists.In additin t hsting artist exhibitins，it prvides art cnsultatin services fr cllectrs，designers and art enthusiasts.
Zatista Cntemprary and Fine Art
With ver 4，000 wrks frm the mst talented emerging（发展初期的）and established artists，Zatista prvides access t the types f wrks previusly nly available t seasned cllectrs.Buying nline with Zatista is easy with their free art cnsultatin，certificates f authenticity，and a buyer guarantee that allws yu t try art in yur hme with free returns.
Jhn Palmer Fine Art
It's lcated in the avenue in the Histric Heights.The cmbinatin f a saved 1930's bungalw（平房） with museum-quality new cnstructin is the perfect atmsphere t shwcase the great wrks f artist Jhn Rss Palmer.Jhn Palmer Fine Art is pen by appintment nly.Yu can set an appintment by calling 713- 861-6726.We lk frward t shwing yu the beautiful wrld f Jhn Palmer Fine Art!
1.What des Art Cllecting，cm aim at？ ______
A. Helping talented artists.B. Cllecting artwrks.
C. Funding art rganizatins.D. Offering art infrmatin.
2.What can visitrs d in Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery？ ______
A. Experience different cultures.B. Hld persnal exhibitins.
C. Admire impressinist paintings.D. Obtain authentic certificates.
3.What is special abut Jhn Palmer Fine Art？ ______
A. It shws nly ne artist's wrks.
B. It is in Hustn's best spt.
C. It can be visited withut an appintment.
D. It ffers art cnsultatin services.
B
Grwing up，I always wanted t be a farmer.When I was little，I read Dick King-Smith's bks abut a girl called Sphie wh wanted t be a "lady farmer" and fell in lve with the girl.And we ften visited family friends in Wales wh had sheep.I wuld help them bttle feed the lambs.
Nw I wrk n a farm lking after sheep.When a sheep gives birth t a lamb，I get up Nw I wrk an be ut until really late，but I lve it.Seeing all that new life cme int the wrld is just amazing-we get abut 100 new lambs in tw weeks.The pregnant（怀孕的）sheep have a strng feeling f being a mther just befre they're abut t give birth-smetimes yu have t stp them frm stealing ther sheep's lambs.
The newbrn lambs are really playful-they run arund and have lamb races.Their mums shut at them in the evening t make them settle dwn，because they can't hld them in the way that human parents d.After the sheep give birth，I watch carefully t see if I need t intervene.Smetimes I bttle-feed lambs wh've been rejected by their mthers fr a health prblem r sme ther reasns，and thse nes，usually remember yu frever.
Being a farmer makes me realize the treasure the planet ffers us.Thus，I usually buy rganic fd if I can get it，which is ne way t be kinder t ur envirnment.Visiting a lcal farm and buying their prduce can als d sme gd t Earth.I als suggest peple avid fast fashin-it's als damaging t ur planet.
4.What des the authr want t tell us in Paragraph 1？ ______
A. She wanted t wrk in Wales.
B. She raised a sheep as a pet.
C. She fell in lve with farming when yung.
D. She lved reading bks when yung.
5.Hw des the authr feel when a sheep gives birth t a lamb？ ______
A. It is fun and cheerful.B. It is bring and messy.
C. It is cmmn but dangerus.D. It is tiring but wnderful.
6.What des the underlined wrd"intervene" in Paragraph 3 prbably mean？ ______
A. G n.B. Step in.C. Clean up.D. Hld n.
7.What d we knw abut the authr？ ______
A. She has clse cnnectins with animals.
B. She has strng envirnmental awareness.
C. She is nt wealthy.
D. She manages a farm.
C
On January 17，the "Chinese Bridge" Cultural Experience 8.Exchange Prgramme kicked ff at Chngqing Bashu Secndary Schl.Internatinal students will attend Humanities，Languages，Cultures Winter Camp nline during the next week."Chinese Bridge" is a large-scale prgramme fr internatinal Chinese language educatin spnsred by the Centre fr Language Educatin and Cperatin.Since its launching in 2002，"Chinese Bridge"has been serving as a vital platfrm fr Chinese language learning，understanding f China，and Chinese culture experiencing and a bridge cnnecting Chinese and freign yung peple.
Aside frm Chinese language curses，the Prgramme als pens curses n tea culture，Tai Chi，calligraphy，and illustratin painting and hlds lectures n Bayu culture.Chinese students and internatinal students in Chngqing will be invited t share their studies and life in this city.As a result，they can help prmte Chinese culture，assist attendees f the Prgramme in understanding China's develpments，build friendships with the attendees，and draw mre internatinal students t study in the cuntry.
"Chngqing is attracting freign students t study in China，mre than just sending Chinese students t study abrad.It has turned int a cultural pineer frm an inheritr（继承人）.Becming the prgramme hst prves that Chngqing has made remarkable achievements in internatinal cperatin and educatinal refrm，" said Li Bin，directr f Internatinal Cperatin and Exchange Divisin，Chngqing Municipal Educatin Cmmissin.
At the end f the first day f the winter camp，students shared hw they felt.Hellen frm Altai State University in Russia said with excitement，"I lve the Chinese classical dance and instrument perfrmances!But my favurite is the chrus，which is said t be the theme sng f the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.It is s beautiful，and I will learn t sing it."Jac，a Chinese language teacher frm KCE Internatinal Schl Cambdia，praised the adequate preparatin by the Bashu Secndary Schl，and said it wuld be a fun and valuable learning learning experience fr students.
8.Which f the fllwing is the purpse f Paragraph 1？ ______
A. T intrduce the tpic.
B. T attract the readers' attentin.
C. T stress the backgrund.
D. T discver the pwer f the "Chinese bridge".
9.What des Paragraph 2 mainly talk abut？ ______
A. The style f painting.
B. The variety f Chinese curses.
C. The cntent and the psitive result f the curses.
D. The appraches t spreading Chinese culture.
10.What can be learned frm the last paragraph？ ______
A. Students shared their feelings n the secnd day f the camp.
B. Jac thught the preparatin by the Bashu Secndary Schl was gd.
C. Hellen said it wuld be a valuable learning experience fr students.
D. Bth Hellen and Jac are teachers frm Russia.
11.In which sectin f a newspaper may this text appear？ ______
A. Literature.B. Travel.C. Advertisement.D. Educatin.
D
Clur saturatin（饱和） refers t the intensity（强度） f the reds，greens and blues.Phts high in clur saturatin make fd lk fresher and tastier t viewers，which increases their willingness t rder the menu items，a new study suggests."In the restaurant business，these results prvide a simple methd t increase sales，" said Stephanie Liu，lead authr f the study；and assciate prfessr f hspitality management at the Ohi State University."On Instagram，it means using the 'X-Pr Ⅱ' filter（滤镜） n yur fd phts rather than the 'Early bird' filter.It csts nthing，s it's an easy win fr restaurant marketers."
In ne survey，267 participants were asked t imagine themselves lking thrugh ptins n an nline fd- rdering platfrm.They were shwn phts f a pke bwl，a Hawaiian dish featuring fish，vegetables and sauce ver rice.They were randmly asked t view ne f the fur different phts with either high r lw clur saturatin and either clse r farther away visual distance.The fd in the mre highly-saturated phts lked fresher and tastier t participants，and that led them t be.mre likely t，purchase the fd.But clur saturatin had a strnger effect when the fd appeared mre distant in the phts."When the fd is shwn clse up，it's already easy fr the viewers t imagine hw fresh and tasty the fd wuld be，"Liu said."Clur saturatin is nt as necessary.
In the secnd survey，222 nline participants were asked t imagine they were lking thrugh phts f pizza frm a restaurant near their hme.They were tld they wuld either be eating alne r with their family.As in the previus study，the fd in the clur saturated pht was always seen as fresher and tastier and ne that peple wuld be mre likely t buy.But that effect was strnger fr peple wh were tld they wuld be eating alne."When peple are eating with thers，the scial experience is a big part f what peple lk frward t，"Liu said."But when they are eating alne，they fcus mre n the fd itself."
"These findings are mre imprtant nw than ever befre，" Liu said."With peple rdering nline，restaurants have t pst pictures f their fd n nline rdering platfrms.They shuld pay mre attentin t the phts they pst as they d t the saturatin is ne key element they need t fcus n."
12.What is a direct effect f the"X-Pr Ⅱ filter accrding t Stephanie Liu？ ______
A. Strengthening the"Early bird" filter.
B. Keeping clur saturatin lw.
C. Making fd in phts mre appealing.
D. Increasing the variety f menu items.
13.When des clur saturatin functin mre effectively accrding t the study？ ______
A. When the fd appears farther t the bserver.
B. When the pke bwl cntains mre fd.
C. When the fd is fresher and tastier in reality.
D. When the visual distance f the fd is shrter.
14.What can we knw abut peple eating with thers？ ______
A. They take scial experience int cnsideratin.
B. They chse fd that is easier t btain.
C. They want the fd t be fresher and tastier.
D. They pay mre attentin t clur saturatin.
15.Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. Hw Clur Speaks fr Menu Items Online
B. Hw Clur Saturatin Affects Peple
C. Hw Clur Brings Benefits t Ordering Platfrms
D. Hw Clur in Phts Makes Fd Lk Tastier
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Cmmuters（上下班往返的人） were treated t an entirely different train experience n Saturday.（1） ______ Instead，they did sme mindful activities like drawing t relax.The unique service was perated by the Lndn Nrth Eastern Railway （LNER） and the train travelled frm Lndn's King's Crss t Lincln in the UK，accrding t Time Out.The gal was t advance peple's understanding f what they can d t relax and manage stress.
（ 2） ______ It shwed that 53% f peple wh travelled by rail enjyed their trip because it gave them a chance t relax，accrding t a press release frm the railrad.In fact，66% f the peple surveyed believed it was imprtant t switch ff everyday nise when they travelled.
Travelling by train was nt just fr getting t the destinatin but als fr making the mst f a relaxing envirnment t engage in activities that culd imprve ne's sense f well-being.Taking this int cnsideratin，the railrad decided t demnstrate every pssible way that peple culd relax n the train.This resulted in the cncept f the Wellness Train.（3） ______ They were run by a panel f experts.Each passenger received a seat in a car that featured an activity and a special bag.He/She culd learn the relaxatin activity with behaviur therapist（治疗专家） Ann Richardsn.（4） ______ Other mindful activities included writing and cluring.Mrever，sme were even devted t games and puzzles.
（ 5） ______ But it's hped that passengers will try ut the idea that train travel can be a relaxing and stress relieving way t cmmute every day.
A.This was just a ne-day event.
B.Hw did it cme abut？
C.This special train trip ffered md- bsting activities.
D.There is a well-established link between wellbeing and train travel.
E.He/ She culd als learn the traditinal art f paper flding.
F.The idea was the result f research cnducted by LNER.
G.They didn't lk at their smart phnes r read newspapers n this train.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。
Karen Darke was paralyzed（瘫痪的） frm the chest dwn in a climbing accident mre .than 20 years ag.Hwever，it hasn't stpped her winning Paralympic gld r cntinuing her life as an extreme （1） ______ .
She was 21 when she fell 10 metres （abut 33 feet） ff a sea cliff while rck（2） ______ ，in Sctland.She wke up and was tld she was paralyzed frm the chest dwn.She's been in a （3） ______ ever since.
She had a really hard time.Hwever，what pened her eyes was seeing ther patients arund her with even less muscle functin，and the news f a clse friend dying while climbing，nly a few mnths after her wn accident."It just kind f made me（4） ______ that I was still here，and I had t make the mst f the situatin，" she says.
Her first （5） ______ after her accident was a handbike ride alng the Silk Rute frm Kazakhstan t Pakistan in the Himalayas in 1997，which she still thinks is her mst （6） ______ ne s far.Other expeditins（远征）（ 7） ______ ，including mre Himalayan rides，sit-skiing acrss Greenland in 2007 and climbing the 3，000-ft cliff El Capitan in Ysemite in 2008.
Darke （8） ______ the British Para-cycling team in ：2010 and wn silver at the Lndn Paralympics tw years was（9） ______ t g ne better in Ri，but（10） ______ like a car accident in 2013 and an infectin in the fall f 2015 made training（11） ______ .
Her latest adventure is Quest 79，a prject t （12） ______ a ttal f nine handbike rides n seven cntinents while （13） ______ mney fr charity and encuraging thers t take n their wn challenges.Darke believes the biggest （14） ______ t living and achieving ur dreams isn't ur bdies，but ur minds."Even if in ur （15） ______ days when we think we can't d it anymre，anything is pssible. "
21.A. adventurerB. patientC. cachD. driver
22.A. strikingB. climbingC. drillingD. shaking
23.A. wheelchairB. wardC. hspitalD. car
24.A. realizeB. dreamC. findD. imagine
25.A. permissinB. travelC. impressinD. expeditin
26.A. significantB. painfulC. rdinaryD. disappinting
27.A. fixedB. fllwedC. engagedD. lay
28.A. attendedB. ranC. jinedD. escaped
29.A. strangeB. carefulC. relaxedD. desperate
30.A. setbacksB. pprtunitiesC. frtuneD. supprts
31.A. attractiveB. fearfulC. meaningfulD. challenging
32.A. riseB. catchC. undertakeD. ntice
33.A. makingB. raisingC. wningD. ffering
34.A. slutinB. apprachC. cnnectinD. barrier
35.A. lightestB. brightestC. darkestD. shrtest
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.The rmance f Liang Shanb and Zhu Yingtai，the butterfly lvers，（ 1） ______ has been regarded as ne f the fur majr legends f China，is a precius masterwrk f Chinese culture.Fr thusands f years，it has remained enduringly（2） ______ （ impress） amng peple fr the explratin f knwledge，pursuit f lve.The thrilling plt and remarkable （3） ______ （character） are well received by the masses.
Ever since it （4） ______ （take） shape in the Jin Dynasty 1，600 years ag，the Legend f Butterfly Lvers has been circulating in Ningb，Shangyu，Hangzhu，Yixing，Jining and Runan while spreading（5） ______ （gradual） t ther areas f the cuntry.Thrugh the ages，the cntent has gt enriched by peple in varius regins with even many tmbstnes engraved and temples （6） ______ （ build） fr the butterfly lvers.In additin，the legend has spread t Suth Krea，Vietnam，Burma，Japan，Singapre（7） ______ Indnesia.t The' widespread influence is hardly seen amng the Chinese flktales indeed.
Just like ther dictatin literature and nn- material cultural heritage，ver the past 20 years，（8） ______ dictatin-based Legend f Butterfly Lvers has undergne great impact due t mdernizatin factrs.The riginal stry-tellers passed away ne by ne yet the yunger generatin is unwilling （9） ______ （pass） it n，s it is faced （10） ______ the crisis f survival.Urgent preservatin is being called fr s that the fine cultural traditin can be handed dwn t the upcming generatins.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你校上周六晚举办了一场露天晚会，以庆祝学校成立60周年，请为你校的英文报写一篇新闻报道。
内容包括：
（1）晚会目的、时间、地点；
（2）晚会过程；
（3）观众反响。
参考词汇：周年纪念日 anniversary
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was hard fr me，a single mther，t put everyday fd n the table fr three grwing tween and teen bys with the little I earned frm wrk，but I prmised them a nice meal fr Thanksgiving day.
We lked frward t a day f gd eating!But there was nly enugh bread in the huse fr a little stuffing，a few small sweet ptates，ne can f green beans，and tw chicken breasts.It wuld have t d.
The next day，I met my friend and neighbur，Aleta，at her hme.Her fur bys and my kids were gd friends.Her husband had recently lst his jb due t illness，and financial difficulties hvered（盘旋） ver their husehld as well.
"Were yu able t get a turkey fr Thanksgiving？" I asked.
"N，it will just be an rdinary meal fr us.
We were chatting abut preparing a simple Thanksgiving dinner tgether withut a turkey.
Suddenly my friend's furteen- year -ld asked，"What abut the turkey，cranberry sauce，mashed ptates and pie？"
I explained that unless they wanted t get ut in the neighburhd and earn sme mney，the menu std as planned.He grabbed the lawnmwer and varius gardening tls，alng with tw f my sns，and headed ut t entice（游说） neighburs t hire them fr yard wrk.Althugh it was late in the afternn when they began their missin，they fund a few neighburs wh helped them earn enugh t purchase mst f the items they set ut fr，except the turkey.
Fur days befre Thanksgiving，my friend called with news abut a family living in ur cmmunity wh needed help' with fd.The father had been in an accident and unable t wrk.My friend and I went t visit them with sme f ur hliday ckies，hping t help in sme way.We gathered in their living rm.In n time，everyne devured（狼吞虎咽） the ckies.
Seeing the situatin，withut a wrd，we lked at each ther，asking urselves the same questin：Culd we sacrifice（牺牲） a little mre and give the family ur hliday meal？
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Early the next mrning，we were able t deliver tw full bags f fd t the family._________________
T my amazement，fur full paper bags f fd waited utside the dr._____________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的With Hustn starting t get back t nrmal，we want yu t knw that Art-Cllecting.cm will cntinue t prvide cmmunity art guides as we have been ding it fr the past 24 years.（随着休斯顿开始恢复正常，我们想让你知道 Art-Cllecting.cm将一如既往地继续提供社区艺术指南。）可知，Art-Cllecting.cm网站主要提供关于艺术方面的信息。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据对Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery部分In additin t hsting artist exhibitins，it prvides art cnsultatin services fr cllectrs，designers and art enthusiasts.（除了举办艺术家展览，它还为收藏家、设计师和艺术爱好者提供艺术咨询服务。）可知，这里展出印象派的艺术作品，游客可以欣赏印象派绘画。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Jhn Palmer Fine Art部分The cmbinatin f a saved 1930's bungalw （平房） with museum-quality new cnstructin is the perfect atmsphere t shwcase the great wrks f artist Jhn Rss Palmer. （保存下来的1930年代的平房与博物馆级的新建筑相结合，是展示艺术家约翰•罗斯•帕尔默伟大作品的完美氛围。）和与上文其它美术馆的对比可知，Jhn Palmer Fine Art的特别之处在于只展出一位艺术家的作品。故选A。
本文主要介绍了休斯顿的艺术画廊，包括Art f the Wrld Gallery、Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery、Zatista Cntemprary and Fine Art和Jhn Palmer Fine Art。这些画廊提供了丰富的文化体验和艺术作品，吸引了来自世界各地的艺术爱好者和收藏家。其中，Art f the Wrld Gallery代表了来自亚洲、欧洲和拉丁美洲的重要艺术家，Halvrsen Fine Art Gallery展示了印象派艺术家的壮丽景观画，Zatista则提供了来自新兴和已经建立的艺术家的作品，而Jhn Palmer Fine Art则展示了艺术家Jhn Rss Palmer的杰作。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、D、B、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Grwing up，I always wanted t be a farmer.When I was little，I read Dick King-Smith's bks abut a girl called Sphie wh wanted t be a "lady farmer" and fell in lve with that girl.And we ften visited family friends in Wales wh had sheep.I wuld help them bttle- feed the lambs.（长大后，我一直想成为一名农民。当我还小的时候，我读了迪克•金•史密斯写的关于一个叫索菲的女孩的书，她想成为一个"农妇"，并爱上了那个女孩。我们经常去拜访在威尔士养羊的家庭朋友。我会帮他们用奶瓶喂羊羔。）可知，作者想通过第一段告诉我们她小时候就喜欢农事。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段When a sheep gives birth t a lamb，I get up at 5 can be ut until really late，but I lve it.Seeing all that new life cme int the wrld is just amazing（当一只绵羊生下一只小羊羔时，我早上5点起床，可以在外面呆到很晚，但我喜欢这样。看到所有的新生命来到这个世界上真是太神奇了。）可知，在羊生产时作者是劳累但惊喜的。故选D。
（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词后的"Smetimes I bttle-feed lambs wh've been rejected by their mthers fr a health prblem r sme ther reasns. （有时我用奶瓶喂那些因为健康问题或其他原因被妈妈抛弃的羊羔，而这些羊羔，通常会永远记住你。）"可推知，当母羊产羔羊后，作者需要仔细观察，确定自己是否需要插手，有时候她得用奶瓶喂养那些被母羊冷落的羔羊。所以intervene意为"干预，插手"。A.G n.继续；B.Step in.介入，插手；C.Clean up.清理；D.Hld n.等一等。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Being a farmer makes me realize the treasure the planet ffers us.Thus，I usually buy rganic fd if I can get it，which is ne way t be kinder t ur envirnment.Visiting a lcal farm and buying their prduce can als d sme gd t Earth.I als suggest peple avid fast fashin — it's als damaging t ur planet.（作为一名农民，我意识到这个星球给我们提供的财富。因此，如果我能买到有机食品，我通常会买，这是对我们的环境更友好的一种方式。参观当地农场并购买他们的农产品也对地球有益。我还建议人们避免快时尚---它也对我们的星球有害。）可知，作者会买有机食品，建议环境友好型购物方式，可得出作者有很强的环保意识。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在农场照顾羊羔的经历。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
8~11.【答案】A、C、B、D
【解析】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段On January 17，the "Chinese Bridge" Cultural Experience & Exchange Prgramme kicked ff at Chngqing Bashu Secndary Schl.Internatinal students will attend Humanities，Languages，Cultures Winter Camp nline during the next week. "Chinese Bridge" is a large- scale prgramme fr internatinal Chinese language educatin spnsred by the Centre fr Language Educatin and Cperatin.Since its launching in 2002， "Chinese Bridge" has been serving as a vital platfrm fr Chinese language learning，understanding f China，and Chinese culture experiencing and a bridge cnnecting Chinese and freign yung peple.（1月17日，"汉语桥"文化体验交流项目在重庆市巴蜀中学拉开帷幕。国际学生将于下周在线参加人文、语言、文化冬令营。"汉语桥"是由语言教育与合作中心主办的大型国际汉语教育项目。"汉语桥"自2002年创办以来，一直是中外青年学习汉语、了解中国、体验中国文化的重要平台，也是连接中外青年的桥梁。）可推断，第一段的作用是引出文章的主题。故选A。
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Aside frm Chinese language curses，the Prgramme als pens curses n tea culture，Tai Chi，calligraphy，and illustratin painting and hlds lectures n Bayu culture.（除汉语课程外，还开设了茶文化、太极拳、书法、插画等课程，并举办巴渝文化讲座。）和As a result，they can help prmte Chinese culture，assist attendees f the Prgramme in understanding China's develpments，build friendships with the attendees，and draw mre internatinal students t study in the cuntry. （因此，他们可以帮助促进中国文化，帮助项目参与者了解中国的发展，与参与者建立友谊，并吸引更多的国际学生来中国学习。）可知，第二段主要展示课程的内容和积极效果。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段Jac，a Chinese language teacher frm KCE Internatinal Schl Cambdia，praised the adequate preparatin by the Bashu Secndary Schl，and said it wuld be a fun and valuable learning learning experience fr students.（柬埔寨KCE国际学校的汉语老师Jac称赞巴蜀中学做了充分的准备，并表示这对学生来说将是一次有趣而有价值的学习经历。）可知，Jac对巴蜀中学的准备工作是十分肯定的。故选B。
（4）文章出处题。根据文章大意可知，文章介绍了重庆开展的"汉语桥"文化体验交流活动项目，进行了课程的介绍以及该项目产生的积极效果。该文可能出现在报纸的教育板块。A.Literature.文学；B.Travel.旅游；C.Advertisement.广告；D.Educatin.教育。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了重庆开展的"Chinese Bridge" Cultural Experience 8.Exchange Prgramme项目，进行了课程的介绍以及该项目产生的积极效果。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】C、A、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Clur saturatin（饱和） refers t the intensity（强度） f the reds，greens and blues.Phts high in clur saturatin make fd lk fresher and tastier t viewers，which increases their willingness t rder the menu items，a new study suggests（色彩饱和度是指红色、绿色和蓝色的强度。一项新的研究表明，色彩饱和度高的照片会让食物看起来更新鲜、更美味，这增加了观众点餐的意愿）可知，色彩饱和度高的照片使食物看起来更新鲜、更美味，而根据第一段On Instagram，it means using the 'X-Pr Ⅱ' filter（滤镜） n yur fd phts rather than the 'Early bird' filter.（在Instagram上，这意味着在你的食物照片上使用"X-Pr Ⅱ"滤镜，而不是"早鸟"滤镜。）可知，X-PrⅡ滤镜可以提高照片的色彩饱和度。由此可见，X-PrⅡ滤镜的直接效果就是让照片里的食物更有吸引力。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段的But clur saturatin had a strnger effect when the fd appeared mre distant in the phts（但是当食物出现在照片中更远处时，色彩饱和度有更强的影响）可知，当照片中的食物呈现得离观察者越远，色彩饱和度就会发挥更有效的作用。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段的When peple are eating with thers，the scial experience is a big part f what peple lk frward t（当人们和别人一起吃饭时，社交体验是人们所期待的很大一部分） 并对比独自吃饭和与家人一起吃饭两种情况可知，当与家人一起吃饭时，人们会考虑除了食物之外的更多的因素；而自己吃饭时会更专注食物本身。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现：色彩饱和度高的照片使食物看起来更新鲜、更美味。A.Hw Clur Speaks fr Menu Items Online颜色如何在网上表达菜单项；B.Hw Clur Saturatin Affects Peple色彩饱和度如何影响人们；C.Hw Clur Brings Benefits t Ordering Platfrms色彩如何给订购平台带来好处；D.Hw Clur in Phts Makes Fd Lk Tastier照片中的颜色如何让食物看起来更美味。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，色彩饱和度高的照片使食物看起来更新鲜、更美味，从而增加了用户的消费意愿。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】G、F、C、E、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句Instead，they did sme mindful activities like drawing t relax（反之，他们做了一些有意识的活动，比如画画来放松），可知表示"他们在火车上既不看智能手机，也不看报纸"的选项G可以和后文构成转折关系，介绍人们在火车上的活动，故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句The unique service was perated by the Lndn Nrth Eastern Railway （LNER） and the train travelled frm Lndn's King's Crss t Lincln in the UK，accrding t Time Out.The gal was t advance peple's understanding f what they can d t relax and manage stress（据Time Out报道，这项独特的服务由伦敦东北铁路公司运营，列车从伦敦国王十字车站开往英国林肯。目的是提高人们对如何放松和管理压力的理解）；以及后句It shwed that 53% f peple wh travelled by rail enjyed their trip because it gave them a chance t relax，accrding t a press release frm the railrad（它显示，53%的乘火车旅行的人喜欢这次旅行，因为这给了他们一个放松的机会），可知表示"这个想法是LNER进行研究的结果"的选项F可以承接前文对于LNER的介绍，引出后文的研究结果，故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据后文They were run by a panel f experts.Each passenger received a seat in a car that featured an activity and a special bag.He/She culd learn the relaxatin activity with behaviur therapist（治疗专家） Ann Richardsn（他们由一个专家小组管理。每位乘客都会在一辆车上得到一个座位，座位上有一项活动和一个特殊的袋子。他/她可以和行为治疗师Ann Richardsn一起学习放松活动），可知表示"这次专列之旅提供了提振情绪的活动"的选项C符合语境，介绍提振情绪的活动，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据后句Other mindful activities included writing and cluring.Mrever，sme were even devted t games and puzzles（其他的正念活动包括写作和涂色。此外，有些活动甚至专门用于游戏和谜题），可知表示"她/他还可以学习传统的折纸艺术"的选项E符合语境，具体介绍活动内容，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句But it's hped that passengers will try ut the idea that train travel can be a relaxing and stress relieving way t cmmute every day（但希望乘客们能尝试这样一种想法，即火车旅行可以成为一种放松和缓解压力的日常通勤方式），可知表示"这只是一天的活动"的选项A符合语境，说明要把这一天的活动变成经常性的行为，故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一趟特殊的火车，人们在火车上可以通过折纸、画画等正念活动来缓解压力。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】A、B、A、A、D、A、B、C、D、A、D、C、B、D、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.adventurer冒险家；B.patient病人；C.cach教练；D.driver司机。句意：然而，这并没有阻止她赢得残奥会金牌，也没有阻止她继续作为一名极限冒险家的生活。根据下文中的"she fell 10 metres （abut 33 feet） ff a sea cliff while rck（2）in Sctland"可知，她在攀岩的时候从海崖上掉落，说明她喜欢极限冒险。故选A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.striking撞，碰；B.climbing攀登，爬；C.drilling钻（孔）；D.shaking摇动。句意：她21岁时在苏格兰攀岩时从海崖上10米（约33英尺）的地方跌落。根据第一段中的"in a climbing accident"可知，这里是climbing的原词复现。故选B。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.wheelchair轮椅；B.ward病房；C.hspital医院；D.car汽车。句意：从那以后她一直坐在轮椅上。根据上文中的"she was paralyzed"可知，她瘫痪了，所以要坐在轮椅上。故选A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.realize意识到；B.dream梦想；C.find发现；D.imagine想象。句意：她说："这让我意识到我还在这里，我必须充分利用这种情况。"根据上文"Hwever，what pened her eyes was seeing ther patients arund her with even less muscle functin，and the news f a clse friend dying while climbing，nly a few mnths after her wn accident."可知，周围患者的身体状况差和亲密朋友的去世让她意识到了她还在世，要充分把握现在。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.permissin允许；B.travel旅行；C.impressin印象；D.expeditin 远征，探险。句意：事故发生后，她的第一次探险是1997年在喜马拉雅山从哈萨克斯坦到巴基斯坦的丝绸之路上骑手动自行车，她仍然认为这是她迄今为止最重要的一次探险。根据下句中的"Other expeditins"可知，这里是expeditin的原词复现。故选D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.significant重要的；B.painful令人痛苦的；C.rdinary普通的；D.disappinting令人失望的。句意：事故发生后，她的第一次探险是1997年在喜马拉雅山从哈萨克斯坦到巴基斯坦的丝绸之路上骑手动自行车，她仍然认为这是她迄今为止最重要的一次探险。根据语境并结合句中的"Her first（5）after her accident"可知，在事故导致瘫痪后，她的第一次骑行探险应该有着重要的意义。故选A。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.fixed（使）固定；B.fllwed在……后发生；C.engaged吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；D.lay躺。句意：随后进行了其他探险，包括更多的喜马拉雅山骑行、2007年穿越格陵兰岛的坐式滑雪以及2008年攀登约塞米蒂国家公园3000英尺高的埃尔卡皮坦悬崖。上文中的"Her first （5）after her accident was a handbike ride alng the Silk Rute frm Kazakhstan t Pakistan in the Himalayas in 1997"表明她在1997年进行了第一次探险，所以这里是说随后她又进行了许多其他探险。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.attended出席，参加；B.ran跑步；C.jined成为……的一员，加入；D.escaped逃跑。句意：Darke于2010年加入英国残疾人自行车队，两年后在伦敦残奥会上获得银牌。根据空后的"the British Para-cycling team"，这里是说她加入了英国残疾人自行车队。故选C。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.strange奇怪的；B.careful小心的；C.relaxed放松的；D.desperate极想的，渴望的。句意：她极想在里约取得更好的成绩，但2013年的一场车祸和2015年秋天的一次感染等阻碍使训练变得充满挑战。根据空后的"t g ne better in Ri"，这里是说她特别渴望能够在里约取得更好的成绩。故选D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.setbacks挫折，阻碍；B.pprtunities机会；C.frtune运气，机会；D.supprts支持。句意：她极想在里约取得更好的成绩，但2013年的一场车祸和2015年秋天的一次感染等阻碍使训练变得充满挑战。根据空后的"like a car accident in 2013 and an infectin in the fall f 2015"，车祸和感染都是她进行训练的阻碍。故选A。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.attractive吸引人的；B.fearful可怕的；C.meaningful重要的，意味深长的；D.challenging挑战性的。句意：她极想在里约取得更好的成绩，但2013年的一场车祸和2015年秋天的一次感染等阻碍使训练变得充满挑战。根据空前的"like a car accident in 2013 and an infectin in the fall f 2015"，像车祸和感染这样的阻碍让她参加训练非常艰难，即有挑战性。故选D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.rise上升；B.catch接住，截住；C.undertake承担，着手做；D.ntice注意，理会。句意：她最近的一次冒险是Quest 79，这是一个在七大洲共进行九次手动自行车骑行的项目，同时为慈善事业筹集资金，并鼓励其他人接受自己的挑战。根据空后的"a ttal f nine handbike rides"，这里是说用手动自行车着手骑行九次。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.making使得；B.raising筹募；C.wning拥有；D.ffering主动提出。句意：她最近的一次冒险是Quest 79，这是一个在七大洲共进行九次手动自行车骑行的项目，同时为慈善事业筹集资金，并鼓励其他人接受自己的挑战。根据空后的"mney fr charity"，这里是说为慈善事业筹募资金。故选B。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.slutin解决方案；B.apprach方法；C.cnnectin联系；D.barrier障碍。句意：Darke认为，生活和实现梦想的最大障碍不是我们的身体，而是我们的思想。根据句中的"isn't ur bdies，but ur minds"并结合Darke虽瘫痪但仍致力于冒险活动可知，她不畏身体上的局限，还开发出了许多潜能，所以这里是说生活和实现梦想的最大障碍不是身体，而是思想。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lightest最轻的；B.brightest最亮的；C.darkest最黑暗的；D.shrtest最短的。句意：即使在我们最黑暗的日子里，当我们认为我们再也做不到的时候，任何事情都是可能的。根据空后days后面的定语从句"when we think we can't d it anymre"，并结合热衷冒险活动的Darke因一场事故而瘫痪、只能与轮椅为伴可知，我们认为我们再也做不成这件事的时候是我们人生最黑暗的时候。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Karen Darke虽然因一场事故而瘫痪，但依然致力于极限冒险活动，并且还为慈善事业做贡献。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】which
【小题2】impressive
【小题3】characters
【小题4】tk
【小题5】gradually
【小题6】built
【小题7】and
【小题8】the
【小题9】t pass
【小题10】with
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：梁山伯和祝英台这对蝴蝶恋人的爱情故事被誉为中国四大传说之一，是中国文化的一部珍贵杰作。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面的The rmance，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
（2）考查形容词。句意：千百年来，它以探索知识、追求爱情而在人们心中留下了不可磨灭的印象。空处作remained的表语，应用形容词。impress是动词，其形容词形式是impressive，意为"给人深刻印象的"，符合语境。故填impressive。
（3）考查名词复数。句意：扣人心弦的情节和引人注目的人物深受群众欢迎。character意为"人物"，为可数名词，根据常识，该故事中有许多人物。所以应用名词复数。故填characters。
（4）考查动词的时态。句意：《梁祝》自1600年前的晋朝形成以来，一直在宁波、上虞、杭州、宜兴、济宁、汝南等地流传，并逐渐传播到全国各地。根据句中的时间状语"in the Jin Dynasty 1，600 years ag"，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填tk。
（5）考查副词。句意：《梁祝》自1600年前的晋朝形成以来，一直在宁波、上虞、杭州、宜兴、济宁、汝南等地流传，并逐渐传播到全国各地。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用副词修饰动词spreading。gradually意为"逐渐地"。故填gradually。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：古往今来，各地的人们为这对蝴蝶恋人雕刻了许多墓碑，建造了许多寺庙，丰富了内容。这里是with复合结构，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语temples和build之间是被动系，所以应用过去分词。故填built。
（7）考查连词。句意：此外，这个传说还传播到了韩国、越南、缅甸、日本、新加坡和印度尼西亚。根据空前的"Suth Krea，Vietnam，Burma，Japan，Singapre"和空后的"Indnesia"可知，这里是在列举传播到的国家，表示并列，应用and连接。故填and。
（8）考查定冠词。句意：与其他口述文学和非物质文化遗产一样，20多年来，由于现代化因素的影响，以口述为基础的《梁祝》受到了巨大的影响。前文已经提到了Legend f Butterfly Lvers，这里是特指前文提到的《梁祝》，应用定冠词the，故填the。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：最初的故事讲述者一个接一个地去世了，但年轻一代不愿意把它传下去，所以它面临着生存的危机。be unwilling t d sth.是固定搭配，意为"不愿意做某事"。故填t pass。
（10）考查介词。句意：最初的故事讲述者一个接一个地去世了，但年轻一代不愿意把它传下去，所以它面临着生存的危机。be faced with是固定搭配，意为"面临"，所以空格处用介词with。故填with。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《梁祝》的故事起源、对世界文化的影响以及面临的现状。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】 An pen-air party was held in the schl playgrund t celebrate the 60th anniversary f ur schl last Saturday evening.Organized by the music club，the party attracted hundreds f students.【高分句型一】（晚会目的、时间、地点）The party started at 7：00 p.m.，and the audience was first impressed by an inspiring sng by tw students，t which twenty perfrmers danced.What fllwed was mre appealing，which included peras，shrt plays，and magic shws.【高分句型二】The party ended at 9：30 p.m.（晚会过程）S fascinating was the party that the audience was lking frward t mre events like this.（观众反响）
【解析】高分句型一 Organized by the music club，the party attracted hundreds f students.
翻译：由音乐俱乐部组织的聚会吸引了数百名学生。
分析：句中使用了过去分词短语Organized by the music 作状语。
高分句型二 What fllwed was mre appealing，which included peras，shrt plays，and magic shws.
翻译：接下来的节目更吸引人，包括歌剧、短剧和魔术表演。
分析：句中使用了What引导主语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Early the next mrning，we were able t deliver tw full bags f fd t the family.Their yung children jumped with excitement as they tk fd ut f the bags.【高分句型一】Their parents cried as they shwed gratitude t us again and again.There were three days left until Turkey Day，thugh I avided calling it Turkey Day since there wuld nt be any turkey.We nce again expected ur simple mixture f fds that wuld create a fine enugh feast with ur friends.Tw mrnings befre the hliday，my ldest sn pened the frnt dr t take ut the trash.He cried，"Mum，there's smething at the dr."（我们给这家人送食物时对方的感激，并且后来我们自己也收到了别人给的食物）
T my amazement，fur full paper bags f fd waited utside the dr.Nw it was ur turn t pull ut plenty f hliday fds，a turkey and sme apple pie included!My sns and I put away the fd happily and chatted abut the renewed hliday menu.We wndered wh wuld make such a cnsiderate gesture.【高分句型二】Even if ur sns did nt recall mentining anything t neighburs，it was pssible they gave away sme infrmatin.We gt an unexpected BOGO（buy ne get ne free） deal when we gave away tw bags and received fur!Nne f us will ever underestimate the pwer f giving.（我们收到了食物后很开心，对谁送的食物感到好奇，并最后意识到了给予的力量）
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个单亲妈妈，家里有三个男孩，自己赚的微薄薪水难以给家人一顿丰盛的感恩节大餐。但孩子自愿去社区赚钱筹备感恩节大餐。而感恩节前四天作者得知社区有一家需要食物帮助，作者把自家筹备感恩节的食物送了一些给这家人，但没想到自己后来竟然收到了别人给的食物。
高分句型一：Their yung children jumped with excitement as they tk fd ut f the bags.
译文：当他们从袋子里拿出食物时，年幼的孩子们兴奋地跳了起来。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：We wndered wh wuld make such a cnsiderate gesture.
译文：我们想知道谁会做出这样体贴的姿态。
分析：这句话使用了wh引导的宾语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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