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浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三下学期开学适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析
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这是一份浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三下学期开学适应性考试英语试题 Word版含解析，共25页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，只需上交答题卷;等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 本卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟;
2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号;
3. 所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效;
4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题卷;
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Why des the wman cme s early?
A. T practice her stry.
B. T prepare fr the exam.
C. T tell the man abut her stry.
2. What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Nurse and patient. B. Clleagues. C. Friends.
3. What will the wman d?
A. Teach the kids t play sccer.
B. D Sally a favr.
C Pick up the man’s medicine.
4. What happened t the wman yesterday?
A. She gave her friend a lift. B. She caught a train hme. C. Her car brke dwn.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a bus stp. B. At an airprt. C. At a restaurant.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What did the man d n the weekend?
A. He tk phtgraphs.
B. He went camping with friends.
C. He checked his Facebk.
7. What des the wman suggest in the end?
A. The man shuld g mre camping.
B. Life culd be fun withut scial media.
C. Family activities are very imprtant.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. Ggle wants t replace all drivers with cmputers.
B. Ggle wants t research sleep patterns.
C. Ggle wants t make trucking mre efficient.
9. What’s the wman’s pinin abut trucks?
A. Human drivers react quicker than machines.
B. Many accidents invlve regular trucks.
C. Many jbs might disappear with self-driving trucks.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What des the man think f his jb nw?
A. Challenging. B. Interesting. C. Tiring.
11. When will the man be free?
A. On Thursday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
12. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. The wman is gd at surfing.
B. The wman ften wrks n Saturdays.
C. The wman always sleeps in n weekends.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Frm whm did the man first knw abut art?
A. His cllege teachers. B. His friends. C. His uncle.
14. In whse wrks did the man find a sense f freedm?
A. Tm Jacksn’s. B. Andy Wells’. C. His uncle’s.
15. In which aspect has the man succeeded?
A. Having his wn style.
B. Mastering Chinese paintings.
C. Hlding art exhibitins.
16. Which place des the man plan t g first?
A. America. B. Japan. C. China.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What d humans think f fire?
A. Fire is Gd’s gift.
B. Peple hate fire in all aspects.
C. Fire can make peple cmfrtable in winter.
18. What causes many big fires?
A. War. B. Terrrism. C. Carelessness.
19. When did the big fire happen in Lndn?
A. In the 1600s. B. In the 1700s. C. In the 1800s.
20. Which city burned in 64 A.D.?
A. Mscw. B. Rme. C. Munich.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Between 1901 and 2023, the Nbel Prizes and the Nbel Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences were awarded 621 times t 1,000 peple and rganizatins. With sme receiving the Nbel Prize mre than nce, this makes a ttal f 965 individuals and 27 rganizatins. Belw, yu can view the full list f 2023 Nbel Prizes and Nbel Prize winners.
The Nbel Prize in Physics 2023
Pierre Agstini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier “fr experimental methds that generate attsecnd pulses (脉冲) f light fr the study f electrn dynamics in matter”
The Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine 2023
Katalin Karik and Drew Weissman “fr their discveries cncerning DNA that enabled the develpment f effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”
The Nbel Prize in Chemistry 2023
Mungi G. Bawendi, Luis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimv “fr the discvery and cmbinatin f quantum dts (量子点)”
The Nbel Prize in Literature 2023
Jn Fsse “fr his innvative wrks which give vice t the unsayable”
The Nbel Peace Prize 2023
Narges Mhammadi “fr her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment f wmen in Iran and her fight t prmte human rights and freedm fr all”
The Nble Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences 2023
Claudia Gldin “fr having advanced ur understanding f wmen’s labur market utcmes”
Fr further infrmatin, yu can click here.
1. Whse achievement directly cntributes t peple’s heath?
A. Pierre Agstini.B. Katalin Karikó.C. Alexei I. Ekimv.D. Jn Fsse.
2. What d the last tw winners have in cmmn?
A. They make breakthrughs in scientific field.
B. They shw cncern fr wmen’s cnditin.
C. They cnduct their research in Asian cuntries.
D. They fight fr the freedm f wrking wmen.
3. Where is the article prbably taken frm?
A. A science website.B. A literary magazine.
C. A research paper.D. A science textbk.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了2023 年诺贝尔奖和诺贝尔奖获得者的完整名单。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine 2023部分中“Katalin Karik and Drew Weissman “fr their discveries cncerning DNA that enabled the develpment f effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”(Katalin Karik 和 Drew Weissman “发现有关DNA的东西，使开发针对COVID-19 的有效疫苗成为可能”)”可知，Katalin Karikó的成就直接有助于人类的健康，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Nbel Peace Prize 2023中的“Narges Mhammadi “fr her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment f wmen in Iran and her fight t prmte human rights and freedm fr all”(纳尔吉斯·穆罕默迪“为反对伊朗妇女受到不公平和残酷待遇而进行的斗争以及为促进所有人的人权和自由而进行的斗争”)”和The Nble Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences 2023中的“Claudia Gldin “fr having advanced ur understanding f wmen’s labur market utcmes”(克劳迪娅·戈尔丁“增进了我们对女性劳动力市场结果的理解”)”可知，最后两位获胜者的共同点是都关心女性的状况。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Belw, yu can view the full list f 2023 Nbel Prizes and Nbel Prize winners.(下面，您可以查看 2023 年诺贝尔奖和诺贝尔奖获得者的完整名单。)”和最后一段“Fr further infrmatin, yu can click here.(欲了解更多信息，您可以点击此处。)”可推知，文章可能选自一个科学网站，故选A。
B
A rising star frm Virginia has secured the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” fr his grundbreaking creatin — a bar f sap designed t battle against skin cancer. At just 14 years ld, Heman Bekele emerged as the victr f the 2023 Yung Scientist Challenge, standing ut amng the ten finalists with his innvative creatin knwn as the Skin Cancer Treating Sap (SCTS).
Bekele’s brilliant cncept centers n the develpment f a sap that is nt nly affrdable, but als has the ptential t reactivate the bdy’s natural defenders f the skin t stp skin cancer. In Bekele’s wn wrds, “Curing cancer, ne bar f sap at a time. ”He always has endless passin fr bilgy and technlgy, and the Yung Scientist Challenge just prvided him with the perfect platfrm t display his ideas. Reflecting n his inspiratin, Bekele shared that his childhd played a significant rle in shaping his innvative thinking. Having witnessed peple wrk tirelessly under the sun, he culdn’t help but wnder hw many were aware f the risks assciated with cnstant sun expsure.
“I wanted t make my idea nt nly scientifically exceptinal but als accessible t a brad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media. He received invaluable guidance frm Debrah Isabelle, a prduct engineering specialist, wh cnnected him with ther scientists t aid him in reaching his ambitius plans.
During his presentatin, Bekele passinately expressed his visin f turning the sap int “a symbl f hpe, accessibility, and a wrld where skin cancer treatment is within reach fr all.”
Over the cming five years, Bekele lngs t perfect his inventin and establish a nnprfit rganizatin devted t distributing his innvative creatin t mre places including undevelped cmmunities, ffering hpe and a practical slutin in the fight against skin cancer.
4. What made Bekele an instant hit?
A. Starting a sap fashin.B. Overcming skin cancer.
C. Being the yungest scientist.D. Creating a sap against skin cancer.
5. What inspired Bekele t invent SCTS?
A. His cncern fr thers.B. His adventure in childhd.
C. His enthusiasm fr technlgy.D. His interest in medical knwledge.
6. What will Bekele d in the near future?
A. Obtain fficial apprval.B. Visit undevelped areas.
C. Increase the availability f the sap.D. Update the facilities f prductin.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Bekele?
A. Inspiring and mdest.B. Humrus and psitive.
C. Creative and cnsiderate.D. Curius and independent.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A rising star frm Virginia has secured the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” fr his grundbreaking creatin — a bar f sap designed t battle against skin cancer. (美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”可知，Heman Bekele发明了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Reflecting n his inspiratin, Bekele shared that his childhd played a significant rle in shaping his innvative thinking. Having witnessed peple wrk tirelessly under the sun, he culdn’t help but wnder hw many were aware f the risks assciated with cnstant sun expsure.(在反思他的灵感时，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。目睹人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险)”可知，Bekele对别人的关心激发了他发明SCTS。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“During his presentatin, Bekele passinately expressed his visin f turning the sap int “a symbl f hpe, accessibility, and a wrld where skin cancer treatment is within reach fr all.”(在他的演讲中，Bekele热情地表达了他的愿景，即把这种肥皂变成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一个人人都能接受皮肤癌治疗的世界。”)”以及最后一段“Over the cming five years, Bekele lngs t perfect his inventin and establish a nnprfit rganizatin devted t distributing his innvative creatin t mre places including undevelped cmmunities, ffering hpe and a practical slutin in the fight against skin cancer.( 在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一个非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案，即增加肥皂的可获得性。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A rising star frm Virginia has secured the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” fr his grundbreaking creatin — a bar f sap designed t battle against skin cancer. (美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Over the cming five years, Bekele lngs t perfect his inventin and establish a nnprfit rganizatin devted t distributing his innvative creatin t mre places including undevelped cmmunities, ffering hpe and a practical slutin in the fight against skin cancer.( 在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。未来五年里，Bekele希望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，将这种创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案。由此推知，他一个有创造力和体贴的人。故选C。
C
Whenever I rder fd fr delivery, I play a little game t guess hw many sets f tableware(餐具)the restaurant will prvide with my meal. Smetimes restaurants will thrw in tw, three r fur sets fr just ne rder. But I rarely need any tableware at all, and the waste ges int the trash r cllects dust in a kitchen drawer.
Researchers wrking with Chinese technlgy grup Alibaba tried a simple apprach t this prblem. Instead f just wastefully dling ut tableware, the cmpany required fd-delivery custmers in sme cities in China t pick hw many sets f tableware they wanted t receive.The default (默认设置)was set at zer. The result, published tday in the jurnal Science, was a 638% increase in the share f n-tableware rders. If applied acrss China, researchers fund, the apprach wuld save nearly 22 billin sets f plastic tableware. The study desn’t cver carbn emissins, but it’s safe t say that the impact wuld be significant. It struck me as a useful reminder f the many lw-hanging fruits acrss the ecnmy that can cut waste, and emissins.
Nudging its custmers cst Alibaba nthing mre than a few hurs f sftware engineering time and the impact it brught was immense. The cncept f nudging cmes frm the field f behaviral ecnmics knwn as nudge thery. It suggests that a slight actin can encurage gd human behavir withut the need fr plicies that limit chice r ecnmic punishment that raises the cst f bad behavir. T nudge custmers t eat better, fr example, a restaurant might rganize its menu by listing healthy ptins first and bury unhealthy nes at the bttm. Mre recently, sme big cmpanies like Ggle have als begun t use nudges t advance climate bjectives.
Behaviral ecnmics bradly, and nudges mre specifically, aren’t withut cntrversy. Sme might think it assigns cnsumers respnsibility fr addressing envirnmental challenges. But there is anther way t lk at it. In the absence f necessary plicy—and plicy is needed一cmpanies can help encurage a widespread shift f cnsumer behavir.
And all f that behaviral change can add up. The Internatinal Energy Agency fund in 2021 that small behaviral changes in energy cnsumptin such as walking instead f driving and adjusting the thermstat culd in ttal shave ff 4% f glbal emissins. The mre that cmpanies can d t facilitate such changes, the better.
8. What did Alibaba d with tableware waste?
A. It stpped restaurants frm handing ut tableware.
B. It withdrew unused tableware frm custmers.
C. It updated the fd -delivery device regularly.
D. It allwed picking tableware at custmers’ demand.
9. What d the underlined wrds “lw-hanging fruits” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Easily accessible things.B. Fast increasing rders.
C. Exceptinally tugh chices.D. Widely accepted strategies.
10. What can we learn abut nudge thery frm paragraph 3?
A. It brings abut ecnmic lss.
B. It results frm cnsumptin plicies.
C. It indicates small actin changes behaviur.
D. It implies bad behaviur impacts ecnmy.
11. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Nudge thery affects behavirs.
B. Gd behavirs bst ecnmy.
C. Nudging helps build a greener wrld.
D. Behaviral ecnmics benefits custmers.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过阿里巴巴践行环保的例子介绍了助推理论在环保方面的影响，即有助于建立一个更环保，更绿色的世界。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Researchers wrking with Chinese technlgy grup Alibaba tried a simple apprach t this prblem. Instead f just wastefully dling ut tableware, the cmpany required fd-delivery custmers in sme cities in China t pick hw many sets f tableware they wanted t receive.”（与中国科技集团阿里巴巴合作的研究人员尝试了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题。该公司没有浪费餐具，而是要求中国一些城市的外卖客户选择他们想要多少套餐具。）可知，阿里巴巴允许顾客根据自己的需求选择餐具数量。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Instead f just wastefully dling ut tableware, the cmpany required fd-delivery custmers in sme cities in China t pick hw many sets f tableware they wanted t receive.”（该公司没有浪费餐具，而是要求中国一些城市的外卖客户选择他们想要多少套餐具。）及第五六句“If applied acrss China, researchers fund, the apprach wuld save nearly 22 billin sets f plastic tableware. The study desn’t cver carbn emissins, but it’s safe t say that the impact wuld be significant.”（研究人员发现，如果在全中国推广，这种方法将节省近220亿套塑料餐具。这项研究没有涵盖碳排放，但可以肯定的是，影响将是巨大的。）可知，阿里巴巴一个小小举动就能在减少浪费，保护环境方面产生重大的影响，故推知“lw-hanging fruits”意为“易于达成的事情”，该短语字面意思是“低垂的水果、容易够着的水果”，暗示“容易完成或实现”。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“It suggests that a slight actin can encurage gd human behavir withut the need fr plicies that limit chice r ecnmic punishment that raises the cst f bad behavir.”（它表明，一个轻微的行动可以鼓励良好的人类行为，而不需要限制选择的政策或提高不良行为成本的经济惩罚。）可知，助推理论表明一个小小的举动就可以影响人类的行为。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段前三句“Nudging its custmers cst Alibaba nthing mre than a few hurs f sftware engineering time and the impact it brught was immense. The cncept f nudging cmes frm the field f behaviral ecnmics knwn as nudge thery. It suggests that a slight actin can encurage gd human behavir withut the need fr plicies that limit chice r ecnmic punishment that raises the cst f bad behavir.”（阿里巴巴只花了几个小时的软件工程时间来推动客户，而它带来的影响是巨大的。助推的概念来自行为经济学领域的助推理论。它表明，一个轻微的行动可以鼓励良好的人类行为，而不需要限制选择的政策或提高不良行为成本的经济惩罚。）及最后一段第二句“The Internatinal Energy Agency fund in 2021 that small behaviral changes in energy cnsumptin such as walking instead f driving and adjusting the thermstat culd in ttal shave ff 4% f glbal emissins.”（国际能源署在2021年发现，在能源消耗方面的微小行为改变，如以步行代替开车和调整恒温器，总共可以减少全球排放量的4%。）并结合文章阿里巴巴的例子可知，本文主要介绍了助推理论在环保方面的影响，即有助于建立一个更环保，更绿色的世界。故选C项。
D
Ramirez Castañeda, a Clmbian bilgist, spends her time in the Amazn studying hw snakes eat pisnus frgs withut getting ill. Althugh her findings cme in many shapes and sizes, she and her clleagues have struggled t get their bilgical discveries ut t the wider scientific cmmunity. With Spanish as her mther tngue, her research had t be translated int English t be published. That wasn’t always pssible because f budget r time-and it means that sme f her findings were never published.
“It’s nt that I’m a bad scientist,” she says. “It’s just because f the language.”
Castañeda is nt alne. There is plenty f research in nn-English-language papers that gets lst in translatin, r is never translated. A research lked thrugh mre than 400, 000 peer-reviewed papers in 16 different languages and fund 1, 234 studies prviding evidence n bidiversity cnservatin which, because they weren’t in English, may have been verlked. These included Japanese-language findings n the effectiveness f relcating the endangered Blakistn’s fish wl, the largest wl species.
Sme experts argue that fr the sake f the bigger picture, scientific knwledge shuld cnverge (转换) int ne cmmn language. Science is very glbalised and becming mre s, s the use f a glbal language is enrmus fr that.
Of curse, scientists can wrk with an English partner, r use a translatr-but this ultimately strengthens the cycle f dependency n the glbal nrth, leading t inequality in internatinal influence. The specific meanings f wrds can als pse a prblem in translatin. Fr example, it is difficult t find in English ne single wrd t describe frest snakes and frgs in the wrk Castafieda des with indigenus (土著的) cmmunities in the Amazn.
“S we’re lsing bservatins fr science, t, ” says Castañeda. “Fr me, it’s nt pssible t just have everything translated int English. We need multilingual (多语种的) science, and we need peple that feel cmfrtable ding science in their wn languages. It culd be pssible t switch t a wrld where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages f science, just as English, French and German were the languages f science in the 19th century.”
12. What prevented Castañeda’s discveries frm being mre widely knwn?
A. Pr management.B. Oppsitin frm her clleagues.
C. Her bad reputatin.D. The language barrier.
13. What’s the cnsequence f the dminant fcus n English in scientific research?
A. Inefficient wildlife cnservatin.
B. A knwledge gap in the scientific wrld.
C. A grwing interest in nn-English papers.
D Inadequate jb pprtunities fr translatrs.
14. What des the authr want t illustrate by mentining frest snakes and frgs?
A. The urgency t prtect rare species.
B. The need t adpt ne glbal language.
C. The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D. The bidiversity n the Suth American cntinent.
15. What is presented in the last paragraph f the text?
A. A ptential slutin.B. A theretical mdel.
C. A ppular belief.D. A glbal trend.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以一位哥伦比亚生物学家遭遇的语言问题为例，揭示了目前有很多非英文论文无法被翻译。对此，一些专家主张科学知识应当转换为一个共同的语言——英语。但作者对此并不认同。作者认为这会导致国际影响力的不平等，并且有些专业术语很难被英语翻译。因此，作者希望建立一个多语种的科学世界。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Ramirez Castañeda, a Clmbian bilgist, spends her time in the Amazn studying hw snakes eat pisnus frgs withut getting ill. Althugh her findings cme in many shapes and sizes, she and her clleagues have struggled t get their bilgical discveries ut t the wider scientific cmmunity. With Spanish as her mther tngue, her research had t be translated int English t be published. That wasn’t always pssible because f budget r time-and it means that sme f her findings were never published.(Ramirez Castañeda是哥伦比亚的一位生物学家，她花时间在亚马逊研究蛇如何吃掉有毒的青蛙而不生病。尽管她的发现有多种形式和大小，但她和她的同事们一直在努力将他们的生物学发现推广到更广泛的科学界。由于她的母语是西班牙语，她的研究必须翻译成英语才能发表。由于预算或时间的原因，这并不总是可能的，这意味着她的一些发现从未发表过)”可知，语言障碍阻止了Castañeda的发现被更广泛地了解。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题，根据第五段“Of curse, scientists can wrk with an English partner, r use a translatr-but this ultimately strengthens the cycle f dependency n the glbal nrth, leading t inequality in internatinal influence. The specific meanings f wrds can als pse a prblem in translatin. Fr example, it is difficult t find in English ne single wrd t describe frest snakes and frgs in the wrk Castafieda des with indigenus (土著的) cmmunities in the Amazn.(当然，科学家可以与英国伙伴合作，或者使用翻译，但这最终会加强对全球北方的依赖循环，导致国际影响力的不平等。单词的特定含义也会给翻译带来问题。例如，在Castafieda对亚马逊土著社区所做的工作中，很难用英语找到一个词来描述森林中的蛇和青蛙)”可知，科学研究中以英语为主导的结果是产生知识鸿沟。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Fr example, it is difficult t find in English ne single wrd t describe frest snakes and frgs in the wrk Castafieda des with indigenus (土著的) cmmunities in the Amazn.(例如，在Castafieda对亚马逊土著社区所做的工作中，很难用英语找到一个词来描述森林中的蛇和青蛙)”可知，作者以该词为例，旨在说明翻译一些科学研究中的文本存在挑战。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段““S we’re lsing bservatins fr science, t, ” says Castañeda. “Fr me, it’s nt pssible t just have everything translated int English. We need multilingual (多语种的) science, and we need peple that feel cmfrtable ding science in their wn languages. It culd be pssible t switch t a wrld where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages f science, just as English, French and German were the languages f science in the 19th century.”(“所以我们也在失去科学观测，”Castañeda说。“对我来说，不可能把所有东西都翻译成英语。我们需要多语言的科学，我们需要人们能够自如地用自己的语言从事科学研究。有可能切换到一个世界，比如汉语、英语和西班牙语是三种科学语言，就像英语、法语和德语是19世纪的科学语言一样。”)”可知，本段主要介绍一个潜在的解决方案。故选A项。
第二节 (共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分;满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pursue Yur Dreams Tday, Nt Tmrrw
Have yu caught yurself daydreaming abut yur dreams? We ften pstpne ur dreams, trapped in a cycle f delay. But why wait? _____16_____ Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.
______17______ If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.
It desn’t matter hw ld yu are r hw many peple have warned yu that yu’re never ging t succeed. Even the mst successful peple have had their hesitatins abut whether they had what it tk t make it in their field.______18______ Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.
At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself._____19_____. It’s what yu wuld encurage yur friends t d, s why aren’t yu giving yurself that same push?
Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn’t have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams.______20______
Pursue yur dreams nw, even thugh that means yu might need t break ut f yur cmfrt zne, and even thugh it means entering the unknwn.
A. Ask yurself what wuld be wrse.
B. Starting small is cmpletely acceptable.
C. Yu we it t yurself t g after yur dreams.
D. New pprtunities may lead t persnal grwth.
E. If things g well, yu can gradually make further shifts.
F. Yu need t mve past yur insecurities and explre yur full ptential.
G. Hard as it is, it’s crucial t wave ff the dubts in the back f yur mind.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.(你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步走向更光明的未来。现在就开始)”可知，后文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容“If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.(如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要拜托怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn't have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams.(有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I had nt visited Etn fr many years. When ne day passing frm the Fellws’ Library int the Gallery, I caught sight f the ____21____ f my schl friend Digby Dlben hanging just withut the dr amng ur mst ____22____ cntempraries. I was ____23____ arrested and as I std gazing n it, my ____24____ asked me if I knew wh it was. I was thinking that I must be almst the nly persn wh wuld knw him. Far ____25____ f my byhd were crwding ____26____ upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.
This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very ____27____: utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there. ____28____, hw came Dlben there? It was ____29____ he was a pet; and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully _____30_____ by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such f his pems as culd have cme t the eyes f the authrities wh apprved f this memrial wuld nt _____31_____ it. There was anther _____32_____— the prtrait bears its wn certificatin. Thugh yu might nt perhaps understand the pet in it, yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f _____33_____, f enthusiasm fr high ideals. Such a being must have _____34_____ remarkably amng his fellws. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memry, lving grief wuld generusly _____35_____ him the glry which he had never wrn.
21.
A. statueB. characterC. prtraitD. theme
22.
A. valuableB. distinguishedC. familiarD. gracius
23.
A. whllyB. partlyC. curiuslyD. secretly
24.
A. peersB. chairmanC. leaderD. cmpanin
25.
A. judgmentB. thughtC. memriesD. behaviur
26.
A. hurriedlyB. freshlyC. anxiuslyD. eagerly
27.
A. selectiveB. splendidC. handsmeD. challenging
28.
A. YetB. TherefreC. ThusD. Hwever
29.
A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. what
30.
A. bservedB. capturedC. illustratedD. guarded
31.
A. perateB. prmteC. justifyD. permit
32.
A. appreciatinB. reasnC. causeD. effect
33.
A. devtinB. ambitinC. imaginatinD. symbl
34.
A. brught abutB. std frC. std utD. brught in
35.
A. interpretB. grantC. appintD. identify
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者回到多年未到访的伊顿学校，偶然经过图书馆进入画廊时，看到了他的校友迪格比·多尔本的肖像挂在门外，和同时代最杰出的人在一起，这让作者感到困惑。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. prtrait肖像；D. theme主题。根据下文“hanging”和“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracius优雅的。结合常识和下文“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. whlly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiusly好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I std gazing n it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. cmpanin同伴。根据下文“asked me if I knew wh it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thught思想；C. memries回忆，记忆；D. behaviur行为。根据下文“my byhd were crwding 6 upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.”可知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiusly焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹新。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsme英俊的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢? A. Yet然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Thus因此；D. Hwever然而。根据下文“hw came Dlben there?”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“hw came Dlben there?”提出疑问，“he was a pet”下文解释原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. bserved观察；B. captured捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn”可知，知道多尔本的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也不能成为正当理由。A. perate操作；B. prmte促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends.”可知，多尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciatin欣赏；B. reasn原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the prtrait bears its wn certificatin”可知，这是另一个原因。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devtin奉献；B. ambitin抱负；C. imaginatin想象力；D. symbl象征。根据句中“the sul immersed in deep thught”和“enthusiasm fr high ideals”可推知，多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brught abut导致；B. std fr代表；C. std ut突出；D. brught in引进。根据上文“yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f 13 , f enthusiasm fr high ideals.”可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中突颖而出的人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glry”可知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dctrs in the Jhns Hpkins University Schl f Medicine have fllwed the meal-time habits f mre than 500 peple fr six years, ____36____(find) weight change is mst affected by the size and ____37____(frequent) f meals rather than the interval (间隔) frm first t last meal. It challenges the ppular trend f intermittent fasting (禁食疗方) ____38____ a useful weight lss strategy.
Intermittent fasting, als referred t as time-restricted feeding, is a dietary strategy where all meals ____39____(cnsume) during a shrt windw f time each day. These windws can extend frm 6 t 10 hurs, resulting in a persn essentially fasting fr up t 18 hurs each day.
The idea reveals ____40____ is n link between the lime f a persn’s eating windw each day and weight changes. “Based n ther studies that have cme ut, including ____41____(we), we are starting t think timing f meals mst likely desn’t prduce ____42____ instant impact n weight lss,” said dctr Bennett. “What des matter, hwever, is the ttal number f medium and large meals a persn eats ver the day.” It suggests simply eating smaller meals, less frequently, is ____43____ ultimately leads t weight lss.
All f this desn’t mean intermittent fasting strategies wn’t help. But what des seem increasingly clear is that the weight lss benefits ccasinally ____44____(see) with these eating strategies may be primarily driven by a reduced calric intake. It desn’t mean yu can simply eat all yu want in a shrt windw each day and still expect _____45_____(lse) weight.
【答案】36. finding
37. frequency
38. as 39. are cnsumed
40. there 41. urs
42. an 43. what
44 seen 45. t lse
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间，该研究发现挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，句子成分完整，空处用非谓语动词的形式，find是句中have fllwed the meal-time habit…自然发生的结果，应用find现在分词的形式finding，作结果状语。故填finding。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，空处和size并列，作介词by的宾语，应用frequent的名词形式frequency，表示“（发生的）频率”，是不可数名词。故填frequency。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：它挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。结合常识可知，间歇性禁食常被当作一种有用的减肥策略，空处应用介词as，表示“当作”。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：间歇性禁食，也被称为限时进食，是一种饮食策略，每天在短时间内食用所有食物。句子在解释间歇性禁食的内涵，是一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，where引导的同位语从句时态保持一致，空处作从句的谓语，和主语all meals之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are cnsumed。
【40题详解】
考查there be句型。句意：该研究表明，一个人每天进食时间的长短和体重变化之间没有联系。分析句子可知，reveals后面接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中表示两者之间没有关联，应用there be句型，空处填there。故填there。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处作介词including的宾语，表示“我们的研究”，应用名词性物主代词。故填urs。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一种”，应用不定冠词，且instant以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：研究表明，减少饮食的量与频率是最终导致体重减轻的原因。分析句子可知，suggests后接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，空处需引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但似乎越来越清楚的是，这些饮食策略偶尔出现的减肥效果可能主要是由减少热量摄入驱动的。分析句子可知，that引导的表语从句中主要成分完整，空处作benefits的后置定语，且see和benefits之间为被动关系，应用see的过去分词形式seen。故填seen。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不意味着你可以每天在短时间内吃完你想吃的所有东西，然后还期望减肥。分析句子可知，此处用了固定短语expect t d sth.，表示“期待做……”，空处需用lse不定式的形式t lse，作expect的宾语。故填t lse。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华，请给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Martin,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Martin,
Hearing ur schl is t green the empty space in frnt f the new library, I wuld like t share my suggestins.
Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature. Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax. Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my pinin. I hpe ur schl will becme mre beautiful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，对于学校新建图书馆前的空地如何进行绿化提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→advice
为某人提供某物：prvide sb with sth→ffer sb sth
此外：besides→what’s mre
看法：pinin→idea
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax.
拓展句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin which can prvide students with a place t study and relax.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.（运用了with的复合结构）
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A Panting Trut
Julia always enjyed running thrugh The Dark Walk twards the light at the end f it, which was a dark, damp tunnel f smth branches. This year she had the extra jy f shwing it t her small brther, Stephen, and f terrifying him as well as herself.
One day they fund a hle n ne side f the walk. Inside there was water, where they perceived (察觉、发现) a breathless trut (鳟鱼). They were bth s thrilled that they were n lnger afraid f the darkness as they bent dwn and peered at the fish panting (喘气) in his tiny prisn, his silver stmach ging up and dwn like an engine, therwise he was mtinless. Julia wndered what he ate and thught f his hunger. She fund him a wrm. But he ignred the fd, and just went n panting. She bent ver him, wndering hw he had been here. All the winter, in the dark tunnel, all day, all night, flating arund alne.
Nbdy knew hw the fish gt here. Her mther suggested that a bird had carried it here. Her father thught that in the winter a small stream might have carried it dwn there as a baby, and it had been safe until summer came and the water began t dry up.
Befre ging t bed, Stephen asked his mummy t tell him a stry as usual, while Julia lay in her bed, nt interested in it. That night mm tld a stry abut a trapped little fish. “And s, in the end, the naughty fish gt bigger and bigger, and the water gt less and less…Then a Fairy Gdmther appeared…”
Passinately, she turned arund and cried, “Mummy, dn’t make it a hrrible ld stry.” Staring at the mn she knew there was n such thing as a fairy and that actually the trut, dwn in the tunnel, was panting fr his life:
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sund asleep.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Julia pured the trut ut f the pt int the river.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文1:
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sund asleep. The image f the panting trut in the tiny hle wandered in Julia’s mind, making her tss and turn in bed. Unable t ignre her grwing cncern, she decided t d smething fr the fish. She sneaked int the kitchen, tk a pt full f water, and then tipted ut f the huse. When ging thrugh the familiar tunnel and cming t the hle, she knelt dwn and reached ut her hand int the muddy hle. Having tried several times, eventually she grasped him, put him int the pt, and then raced t a river.
Julia pured the trut ut f the pt int the river. At first, the fish hesitated fr a mment, cnfused by its sudden freedm. Then, with a surge f energy, it swam away, disappearing int the depths f the river. Then all she saw was the glimmer f the mn in the silent flwing river. After ging back, she put dwn the pt and flew thrugh the air like a bird int bed, relieved. In the mrning Stephen rushed t her, shuting that he was gne, and asking where and hw. Lifting her nse in the air, she said prudly, “Fairy Gdmther, I suppse?” and strlled away.
参考范文2:
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sund asleep. Her mind filled with thughts f the trut and the hpe that it had fund its freedm while Stephen was unaware f the anxiety that Julia was ging thrugh. Determined t bring peace t her restless mind, Julia decided t take actin. Unable t bear the fish’s suffering any lnger, she quietly gt ut f bed and tipted dwnstairs. When she came t the hle, she squatted dwn, reaching her hand int the hle. Having tried several times, eventually she gripped him, put him int the pt, and then raced t a river.
Julia pured the trut ut f the pt int the river. As sn as the fish tuched the water, it started t swim, its mvements becming mre lively. The nce panting fish nw seemed t dance gracefully in the water, which embraced the fish, carrying it away frm the narrw tiny hle in the tunnel. The trut’s silver figure glittered under the mnlight, almst as if it were dancing with newfund freedm. Julia watched in amazement as the trut disappeared int the depths f the river, blending in with its natural habitat. Julia std there, bathed in the mn’s sft glw, feeling a rush f relief and happiness.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了讲述了朱莉亚和她的弟弟斯蒂芬在一条黑暗的小路上发现被困的鳟鱼。他们对这个发现感到兴奋，并对鳟鱼的处境感到关心。然而，朱莉亚开始怀疑仙女和故事中的奇迹，意识到鳟鱼在黑暗的隧道中为生存而挣扎。整个故事强调了关爱和现实的对比。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她在寂静的夜晚坐了起来，斯蒂芬睡得很熟。”可知第一段可描写朱莉娅乘着他弟弟熟睡，把与放进锅里，奔向河流的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“茱莉亚把鳟鱼从锅里倒进河里。”可知第二段可描写鳟鱼回到了河流，但是第二天被弟弟发现了。
2.续写线索：熟睡——进厨房——倒水——拿锅——飞奔——鳟鱼消失——自豪
3.词汇激活
行类
①翻转：flip/turn ver/invert/reverse
②抓住：grasp/grip/hld/seize
③消失：disappearing/gne/vanished
情绪类
①关心：cncern/wrry/anxiety
②自豪：prud/pleased/satisfied
【点睛】[高分句型1] When ging thrugh the familiar tunnel and cming t the hle, she knelt dwn and reached ut her hand int the muddy hle. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Lifting her nse in the air, she said prudly, “Fairy Gdmther, I suppse?” and strlled away. (运用了现在分词作状语)
1. 本卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟;
2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号;
3. 所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效;
4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题卷;
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Why des the wman cme s early?
A. T practice her stry.
B. T prepare fr the exam.
C. T tell the man abut her stry.
2. What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Nurse and patient. B. Clleagues. C. Friends.
3. What will the wman d?
A. Teach the kids t play sccer.
B. D Sally a favr.
C Pick up the man’s medicine.
4. What happened t the wman yesterday?
A. She gave her friend a lift. B. She caught a train hme. C. Her car brke dwn.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a bus stp. B. At an airprt. C. At a restaurant.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What did the man d n the weekend?
A. He tk phtgraphs.
B. He went camping with friends.
C. He checked his Facebk.
7. What des the wman suggest in the end?
A. The man shuld g mre camping.
B. Life culd be fun withut scial media.
C. Family activities are very imprtant.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. Ggle wants t replace all drivers with cmputers.
B. Ggle wants t research sleep patterns.
C. Ggle wants t make trucking mre efficient.
9. What’s the wman’s pinin abut trucks?
A. Human drivers react quicker than machines.
B. Many accidents invlve regular trucks.
C. Many jbs might disappear with self-driving trucks.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What des the man think f his jb nw?
A. Challenging. B. Interesting. C. Tiring.
11. When will the man be free?
A. On Thursday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
12. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. The wman is gd at surfing.
B. The wman ften wrks n Saturdays.
C. The wman always sleeps in n weekends.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Frm whm did the man first knw abut art?
A. His cllege teachers. B. His friends. C. His uncle.
14. In whse wrks did the man find a sense f freedm?
A. Tm Jacksn’s. B. Andy Wells’. C. His uncle’s.
15. In which aspect has the man succeeded?
A. Having his wn style.
B. Mastering Chinese paintings.
C. Hlding art exhibitins.
16. Which place des the man plan t g first?
A. America. B. Japan. C. China.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What d humans think f fire?
A. Fire is Gd’s gift.
B. Peple hate fire in all aspects.
C. Fire can make peple cmfrtable in winter.
18. What causes many big fires?
A. War. B. Terrrism. C. Carelessness.
19. When did the big fire happen in Lndn?
A. In the 1600s. B. In the 1700s. C. In the 1800s.
20. Which city burned in 64 A.D.?
A. Mscw. B. Rme. C. Munich.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Between 1901 and 2023, the Nbel Prizes and the Nbel Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences were awarded 621 times t 1,000 peple and rganizatins. With sme receiving the Nbel Prize mre than nce, this makes a ttal f 965 individuals and 27 rganizatins. Belw, yu can view the full list f 2023 Nbel Prizes and Nbel Prize winners.
The Nbel Prize in Physics 2023
Pierre Agstini, Ferenc Krausz and Anne L’Huillier “fr experimental methds that generate attsecnd pulses (脉冲) f light fr the study f electrn dynamics in matter”
The Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine 2023
Katalin Karik and Drew Weissman “fr their discveries cncerning DNA that enabled the develpment f effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”
The Nbel Prize in Chemistry 2023
Mungi G. Bawendi, Luis E. Brus and Alexei I. Ekimv “fr the discvery and cmbinatin f quantum dts (量子点)”
The Nbel Prize in Literature 2023
Jn Fsse “fr his innvative wrks which give vice t the unsayable”
The Nbel Peace Prize 2023
Narges Mhammadi “fr her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment f wmen in Iran and her fight t prmte human rights and freedm fr all”
The Nble Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences 2023
Claudia Gldin “fr having advanced ur understanding f wmen’s labur market utcmes”
Fr further infrmatin, yu can click here.
1. Whse achievement directly cntributes t peple’s heath?
A. Pierre Agstini.B. Katalin Karikó.C. Alexei I. Ekimv.D. Jn Fsse.
2. What d the last tw winners have in cmmn?
A. They make breakthrughs in scientific field.
B. They shw cncern fr wmen’s cnditin.
C. They cnduct their research in Asian cuntries.
D. They fight fr the freedm f wrking wmen.
3. Where is the article prbably taken frm?
A. A science website.B. A literary magazine.
C. A research paper.D. A science textbk.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了2023 年诺贝尔奖和诺贝尔奖获得者的完整名单。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine 2023部分中“Katalin Karik and Drew Weissman “fr their discveries cncerning DNA that enabled the develpment f effective vaccines (疫苗) against COVID-19”(Katalin Karik 和 Drew Weissman “发现有关DNA的东西，使开发针对COVID-19 的有效疫苗成为可能”)”可知，Katalin Karikó的成就直接有助于人类的健康，故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Nbel Peace Prize 2023中的“Narges Mhammadi “fr her fight against the unfair and cruel treatment f wmen in Iran and her fight t prmte human rights and freedm fr all”(纳尔吉斯·穆罕默迪“为反对伊朗妇女受到不公平和残酷待遇而进行的斗争以及为促进所有人的人权和自由而进行的斗争”)”和The Nble Memrial Prize in Ecnmic Sciences 2023中的“Claudia Gldin “fr having advanced ur understanding f wmen’s labur market utcmes”(克劳迪娅·戈尔丁“增进了我们对女性劳动力市场结果的理解”)”可知，最后两位获胜者的共同点是都关心女性的状况。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Belw, yu can view the full list f 2023 Nbel Prizes and Nbel Prize winners.(下面，您可以查看 2023 年诺贝尔奖和诺贝尔奖获得者的完整名单。)”和最后一段“Fr further infrmatin, yu can click here.(欲了解更多信息，您可以点击此处。)”可推知，文章可能选自一个科学网站，故选A。
B
A rising star frm Virginia has secured the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” fr his grundbreaking creatin — a bar f sap designed t battle against skin cancer. At just 14 years ld, Heman Bekele emerged as the victr f the 2023 Yung Scientist Challenge, standing ut amng the ten finalists with his innvative creatin knwn as the Skin Cancer Treating Sap (SCTS).
Bekele’s brilliant cncept centers n the develpment f a sap that is nt nly affrdable, but als has the ptential t reactivate the bdy’s natural defenders f the skin t stp skin cancer. In Bekele’s wn wrds, “Curing cancer, ne bar f sap at a time. ”He always has endless passin fr bilgy and technlgy, and the Yung Scientist Challenge just prvided him with the perfect platfrm t display his ideas. Reflecting n his inspiratin, Bekele shared that his childhd played a significant rle in shaping his innvative thinking. Having witnessed peple wrk tirelessly under the sun, he culdn’t help but wnder hw many were aware f the risks assciated with cnstant sun expsure.
“I wanted t make my idea nt nly scientifically exceptinal but als accessible t a brad audience,” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media. He received invaluable guidance frm Debrah Isabelle, a prduct engineering specialist, wh cnnected him with ther scientists t aid him in reaching his ambitius plans.
During his presentatin, Bekele passinately expressed his visin f turning the sap int “a symbl f hpe, accessibility, and a wrld where skin cancer treatment is within reach fr all.”
Over the cming five years, Bekele lngs t perfect his inventin and establish a nnprfit rganizatin devted t distributing his innvative creatin t mre places including undevelped cmmunities, ffering hpe and a practical slutin in the fight against skin cancer.
4. What made Bekele an instant hit?
A. Starting a sap fashin.B. Overcming skin cancer.
C. Being the yungest scientist.D. Creating a sap against skin cancer.
5. What inspired Bekele t invent SCTS?
A. His cncern fr thers.B. His adventure in childhd.
C. His enthusiasm fr technlgy.D. His interest in medical knwledge.
6. What will Bekele d in the near future?
A. Obtain fficial apprval.B. Visit undevelped areas.
C. Increase the availability f the sap.D. Update the facilities f prductin.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Bekele?
A. Inspiring and mdest.B. Humrus and psitive.
C. Creative and cnsiderate.D. Curius and independent.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A rising star frm Virginia has secured the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” fr his grundbreaking creatin — a bar f sap designed t battle against skin cancer. (美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”可知，Heman Bekele发明了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“ Reflecting n his inspiratin, Bekele shared that his childhd played a significant rle in shaping his innvative thinking. Having witnessed peple wrk tirelessly under the sun, he culdn’t help but wnder hw many were aware f the risks assciated with cnstant sun expsure.(在反思他的灵感时，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。目睹人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险)”可知，Bekele对别人的关心激发了他发明SCTS。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“During his presentatin, Bekele passinately expressed his visin f turning the sap int “a symbl f hpe, accessibility, and a wrld where skin cancer treatment is within reach fr all.”(在他的演讲中，Bekele热情地表达了他的愿景，即把这种肥皂变成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一个人人都能接受皮肤癌治疗的世界。”)”以及最后一段“Over the cming five years, Bekele lngs t perfect his inventin and establish a nnprfit rganizatin devted t distributing his innvative creatin t mre places including undevelped cmmunities, ffering hpe and a practical slutin in the fight against skin cancer.( 在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一个非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案，即增加肥皂的可获得性。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A rising star frm Virginia has secured the title f “America’s Tp Yung Scientist” fr his grundbreaking creatin — a bar f sap designed t battle against skin cancer. (美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Over the cming five years, Bekele lngs t perfect his inventin and establish a nnprfit rganizatin devted t distributing his innvative creatin t mre places including undevelped cmmunities, ffering hpe and a practical slutin in the fight against skin cancer.( 在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。未来五年里，Bekele希望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，将这种创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案。由此推知，他一个有创造力和体贴的人。故选C。
C
Whenever I rder fd fr delivery, I play a little game t guess hw many sets f tableware(餐具)the restaurant will prvide with my meal. Smetimes restaurants will thrw in tw, three r fur sets fr just ne rder. But I rarely need any tableware at all, and the waste ges int the trash r cllects dust in a kitchen drawer.
Researchers wrking with Chinese technlgy grup Alibaba tried a simple apprach t this prblem. Instead f just wastefully dling ut tableware, the cmpany required fd-delivery custmers in sme cities in China t pick hw many sets f tableware they wanted t receive.The default (默认设置)was set at zer. The result, published tday in the jurnal Science, was a 638% increase in the share f n-tableware rders. If applied acrss China, researchers fund, the apprach wuld save nearly 22 billin sets f plastic tableware. The study desn’t cver carbn emissins, but it’s safe t say that the impact wuld be significant. It struck me as a useful reminder f the many lw-hanging fruits acrss the ecnmy that can cut waste, and emissins.
Nudging its custmers cst Alibaba nthing mre than a few hurs f sftware engineering time and the impact it brught was immense. The cncept f nudging cmes frm the field f behaviral ecnmics knwn as nudge thery. It suggests that a slight actin can encurage gd human behavir withut the need fr plicies that limit chice r ecnmic punishment that raises the cst f bad behavir. T nudge custmers t eat better, fr example, a restaurant might rganize its menu by listing healthy ptins first and bury unhealthy nes at the bttm. Mre recently, sme big cmpanies like Ggle have als begun t use nudges t advance climate bjectives.
Behaviral ecnmics bradly, and nudges mre specifically, aren’t withut cntrversy. Sme might think it assigns cnsumers respnsibility fr addressing envirnmental challenges. But there is anther way t lk at it. In the absence f necessary plicy—and plicy is needed一cmpanies can help encurage a widespread shift f cnsumer behavir.
And all f that behaviral change can add up. The Internatinal Energy Agency fund in 2021 that small behaviral changes in energy cnsumptin such as walking instead f driving and adjusting the thermstat culd in ttal shave ff 4% f glbal emissins. The mre that cmpanies can d t facilitate such changes, the better.
8. What did Alibaba d with tableware waste?
A. It stpped restaurants frm handing ut tableware.
B. It withdrew unused tableware frm custmers.
C. It updated the fd -delivery device regularly.
D. It allwed picking tableware at custmers’ demand.
9. What d the underlined wrds “lw-hanging fruits” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Easily accessible things.B. Fast increasing rders.
C. Exceptinally tugh chices.D. Widely accepted strategies.
10. What can we learn abut nudge thery frm paragraph 3?
A. It brings abut ecnmic lss.
B. It results frm cnsumptin plicies.
C. It indicates small actin changes behaviur.
D. It implies bad behaviur impacts ecnmy.
11. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Nudge thery affects behavirs.
B. Gd behavirs bst ecnmy.
C. Nudging helps build a greener wrld.
D. Behaviral ecnmics benefits custmers.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要通过阿里巴巴践行环保的例子介绍了助推理论在环保方面的影响，即有助于建立一个更环保，更绿色的世界。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Researchers wrking with Chinese technlgy grup Alibaba tried a simple apprach t this prblem. Instead f just wastefully dling ut tableware, the cmpany required fd-delivery custmers in sme cities in China t pick hw many sets f tableware they wanted t receive.”（与中国科技集团阿里巴巴合作的研究人员尝试了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题。该公司没有浪费餐具，而是要求中国一些城市的外卖客户选择他们想要多少套餐具。）可知，阿里巴巴允许顾客根据自己的需求选择餐具数量。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Instead f just wastefully dling ut tableware, the cmpany required fd-delivery custmers in sme cities in China t pick hw many sets f tableware they wanted t receive.”（该公司没有浪费餐具，而是要求中国一些城市的外卖客户选择他们想要多少套餐具。）及第五六句“If applied acrss China, researchers fund, the apprach wuld save nearly 22 billin sets f plastic tableware. The study desn’t cver carbn emissins, but it’s safe t say that the impact wuld be significant.”（研究人员发现，如果在全中国推广，这种方法将节省近220亿套塑料餐具。这项研究没有涵盖碳排放，但可以肯定的是，影响将是巨大的。）可知，阿里巴巴一个小小举动就能在减少浪费，保护环境方面产生重大的影响，故推知“lw-hanging fruits”意为“易于达成的事情”，该短语字面意思是“低垂的水果、容易够着的水果”，暗示“容易完成或实现”。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“It suggests that a slight actin can encurage gd human behavir withut the need fr plicies that limit chice r ecnmic punishment that raises the cst f bad behavir.”（它表明，一个轻微的行动可以鼓励良好的人类行为，而不需要限制选择的政策或提高不良行为成本的经济惩罚。）可知，助推理论表明一个小小的举动就可以影响人类的行为。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段前三句“Nudging its custmers cst Alibaba nthing mre than a few hurs f sftware engineering time and the impact it brught was immense. The cncept f nudging cmes frm the field f behaviral ecnmics knwn as nudge thery. It suggests that a slight actin can encurage gd human behavir withut the need fr plicies that limit chice r ecnmic punishment that raises the cst f bad behavir.”（阿里巴巴只花了几个小时的软件工程时间来推动客户，而它带来的影响是巨大的。助推的概念来自行为经济学领域的助推理论。它表明，一个轻微的行动可以鼓励良好的人类行为，而不需要限制选择的政策或提高不良行为成本的经济惩罚。）及最后一段第二句“The Internatinal Energy Agency fund in 2021 that small behaviral changes in energy cnsumptin such as walking instead f driving and adjusting the thermstat culd in ttal shave ff 4% f glbal emissins.”（国际能源署在2021年发现，在能源消耗方面的微小行为改变，如以步行代替开车和调整恒温器，总共可以减少全球排放量的4%。）并结合文章阿里巴巴的例子可知，本文主要介绍了助推理论在环保方面的影响，即有助于建立一个更环保，更绿色的世界。故选C项。
D
Ramirez Castañeda, a Clmbian bilgist, spends her time in the Amazn studying hw snakes eat pisnus frgs withut getting ill. Althugh her findings cme in many shapes and sizes, she and her clleagues have struggled t get their bilgical discveries ut t the wider scientific cmmunity. With Spanish as her mther tngue, her research had t be translated int English t be published. That wasn’t always pssible because f budget r time-and it means that sme f her findings were never published.
“It’s nt that I’m a bad scientist,” she says. “It’s just because f the language.”
Castañeda is nt alne. There is plenty f research in nn-English-language papers that gets lst in translatin, r is never translated. A research lked thrugh mre than 400, 000 peer-reviewed papers in 16 different languages and fund 1, 234 studies prviding evidence n bidiversity cnservatin which, because they weren’t in English, may have been verlked. These included Japanese-language findings n the effectiveness f relcating the endangered Blakistn’s fish wl, the largest wl species.
Sme experts argue that fr the sake f the bigger picture, scientific knwledge shuld cnverge (转换) int ne cmmn language. Science is very glbalised and becming mre s, s the use f a glbal language is enrmus fr that.
Of curse, scientists can wrk with an English partner, r use a translatr-but this ultimately strengthens the cycle f dependency n the glbal nrth, leading t inequality in internatinal influence. The specific meanings f wrds can als pse a prblem in translatin. Fr example, it is difficult t find in English ne single wrd t describe frest snakes and frgs in the wrk Castafieda des with indigenus (土著的) cmmunities in the Amazn.
“S we’re lsing bservatins fr science, t, ” says Castañeda. “Fr me, it’s nt pssible t just have everything translated int English. We need multilingual (多语种的) science, and we need peple that feel cmfrtable ding science in their wn languages. It culd be pssible t switch t a wrld where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages f science, just as English, French and German were the languages f science in the 19th century.”
12. What prevented Castañeda’s discveries frm being mre widely knwn?
A. Pr management.B. Oppsitin frm her clleagues.
C. Her bad reputatin.D. The language barrier.
13. What’s the cnsequence f the dminant fcus n English in scientific research?
A. Inefficient wildlife cnservatin.
B. A knwledge gap in the scientific wrld.
C. A grwing interest in nn-English papers.
D Inadequate jb pprtunities fr translatrs.
14. What des the authr want t illustrate by mentining frest snakes and frgs?
A. The urgency t prtect rare species.
B. The need t adpt ne glbal language.
C. The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D. The bidiversity n the Suth American cntinent.
15. What is presented in the last paragraph f the text?
A. A ptential slutin.B. A theretical mdel.
C. A ppular belief.D. A glbal trend.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以一位哥伦比亚生物学家遭遇的语言问题为例，揭示了目前有很多非英文论文无法被翻译。对此，一些专家主张科学知识应当转换为一个共同的语言——英语。但作者对此并不认同。作者认为这会导致国际影响力的不平等，并且有些专业术语很难被英语翻译。因此，作者希望建立一个多语种的科学世界。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Ramirez Castañeda, a Clmbian bilgist, spends her time in the Amazn studying hw snakes eat pisnus frgs withut getting ill. Althugh her findings cme in many shapes and sizes, she and her clleagues have struggled t get their bilgical discveries ut t the wider scientific cmmunity. With Spanish as her mther tngue, her research had t be translated int English t be published. That wasn’t always pssible because f budget r time-and it means that sme f her findings were never published.(Ramirez Castañeda是哥伦比亚的一位生物学家，她花时间在亚马逊研究蛇如何吃掉有毒的青蛙而不生病。尽管她的发现有多种形式和大小，但她和她的同事们一直在努力将他们的生物学发现推广到更广泛的科学界。由于她的母语是西班牙语，她的研究必须翻译成英语才能发表。由于预算或时间的原因，这并不总是可能的，这意味着她的一些发现从未发表过)”可知，语言障碍阻止了Castañeda的发现被更广泛地了解。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题，根据第五段“Of curse, scientists can wrk with an English partner, r use a translatr-but this ultimately strengthens the cycle f dependency n the glbal nrth, leading t inequality in internatinal influence. The specific meanings f wrds can als pse a prblem in translatin. Fr example, it is difficult t find in English ne single wrd t describe frest snakes and frgs in the wrk Castafieda des with indigenus (土著的) cmmunities in the Amazn.(当然，科学家可以与英国伙伴合作，或者使用翻译，但这最终会加强对全球北方的依赖循环，导致国际影响力的不平等。单词的特定含义也会给翻译带来问题。例如，在Castafieda对亚马逊土著社区所做的工作中，很难用英语找到一个词来描述森林中的蛇和青蛙)”可知，科学研究中以英语为主导的结果是产生知识鸿沟。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Fr example, it is difficult t find in English ne single wrd t describe frest snakes and frgs in the wrk Castafieda des with indigenus (土著的) cmmunities in the Amazn.(例如，在Castafieda对亚马逊土著社区所做的工作中，很难用英语找到一个词来描述森林中的蛇和青蛙)”可知，作者以该词为例，旨在说明翻译一些科学研究中的文本存在挑战。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段““S we’re lsing bservatins fr science, t, ” says Castañeda. “Fr me, it’s nt pssible t just have everything translated int English. We need multilingual (多语种的) science, and we need peple that feel cmfrtable ding science in their wn languages. It culd be pssible t switch t a wrld where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages f science, just as English, French and German were the languages f science in the 19th century.”(“所以我们也在失去科学观测，”Castañeda说。“对我来说，不可能把所有东西都翻译成英语。我们需要多语言的科学，我们需要人们能够自如地用自己的语言从事科学研究。有可能切换到一个世界，比如汉语、英语和西班牙语是三种科学语言，就像英语、法语和德语是19世纪的科学语言一样。”)”可知，本段主要介绍一个潜在的解决方案。故选A项。
第二节 (共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分;满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pursue Yur Dreams Tday, Nt Tmrrw
Have yu caught yurself daydreaming abut yur dreams? We ften pstpne ur dreams, trapped in a cycle f delay. But why wait? _____16_____ Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.
______17______ If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.
It desn’t matter hw ld yu are r hw many peple have warned yu that yu’re never ging t succeed. Even the mst successful peple have had their hesitatins abut whether they had what it tk t make it in their field.______18______ Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.
At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself._____19_____. It’s what yu wuld encurage yur friends t d, s why aren’t yu giving yurself that same push?
Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn’t have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams.______20______
Pursue yur dreams nw, even thugh that means yu might need t break ut f yur cmfrt zne, and even thugh it means entering the unknwn.
A. Ask yurself what wuld be wrse.
B. Starting small is cmpletely acceptable.
C. Yu we it t yurself t g after yur dreams.
D. New pprtunities may lead t persnal grwth.
E. If things g well, yu can gradually make further shifts.
F. Yu need t mve past yur insecurities and explre yur full ptential.
G. Hard as it is, it’s crucial t wave ff the dubts in the back f yur mind.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.(你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步走向更光明的未来。现在就开始)”可知，后文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据本段内容“If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.(如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要拜托怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn't have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams.(有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I had nt visited Etn fr many years. When ne day passing frm the Fellws’ Library int the Gallery, I caught sight f the ____21____ f my schl friend Digby Dlben hanging just withut the dr amng ur mst ____22____ cntempraries. I was ____23____ arrested and as I std gazing n it, my ____24____ asked me if I knew wh it was. I was thinking that I must be almst the nly persn wh wuld knw him. Far ____25____ f my byhd were crwding ____26____ upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.
This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very ____27____: utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there. ____28____, hw came Dlben there? It was ____29____ he was a pet; and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully _____30_____ by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such f his pems as culd have cme t the eyes f the authrities wh apprved f this memrial wuld nt _____31_____ it. There was anther _____32_____— the prtrait bears its wn certificatin. Thugh yu might nt perhaps understand the pet in it, yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f _____33_____, f enthusiasm fr high ideals. Such a being must have _____34_____ remarkably amng his fellws. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memry, lving grief wuld generusly _____35_____ him the glry which he had never wrn.
21.
A. statueB. characterC. prtraitD. theme
22.
A. valuableB. distinguishedC. familiarD. gracius
23.
A. whllyB. partlyC. curiuslyD. secretly
24.
A. peersB. chairmanC. leaderD. cmpanin
25.
A. judgmentB. thughtC. memriesD. behaviur
26.
A. hurriedlyB. freshlyC. anxiuslyD. eagerly
27.
A. selectiveB. splendidC. handsmeD. challenging
28.
A. YetB. TherefreC. ThusD. Hwever
29.
A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. what
30.
A. bservedB. capturedC. illustratedD. guarded
31.
A. perateB. prmteC. justifyD. permit
32.
A. appreciatinB. reasnC. causeD. effect
33.
A. devtinB. ambitinC. imaginatinD. symbl
34.
A. brught abutB. std frC. std utD. brught in
35.
A. interpretB. grantC. appintD. identify
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者回到多年未到访的伊顿学校，偶然经过图书馆进入画廊时，看到了他的校友迪格比·多尔本的肖像挂在门外，和同时代最杰出的人在一起，这让作者感到困惑。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. prtrait肖像；D. theme主题。根据下文“hanging”和“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracius优雅的。结合常识和下文“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. whlly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiusly好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I std gazing n it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. cmpanin同伴。根据下文“asked me if I knew wh it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thught思想；C. memries回忆，记忆；D. behaviur行为。根据下文“my byhd were crwding 6 upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.”可知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiusly焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹新。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsme英俊的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢? A. Yet然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Thus因此；D. Hwever然而。根据下文“hw came Dlben there?”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“hw came Dlben there?”提出疑问，“he was a pet”下文解释原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. bserved观察；B. captured捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn”可知，知道多尔本的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也不能成为正当理由。A. perate操作；B. prmte促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends.”可知，多尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciatin欣赏；B. reasn原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the prtrait bears its wn certificatin”可知，这是另一个原因。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devtin奉献；B. ambitin抱负；C. imaginatin想象力；D. symbl象征。根据句中“the sul immersed in deep thught”和“enthusiasm fr high ideals”可推知，多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brught abut导致；B. std fr代表；C. std ut突出；D. brught in引进。根据上文“yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f 13 , f enthusiasm fr high ideals.”可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中突颖而出的人。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glry”可知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dctrs in the Jhns Hpkins University Schl f Medicine have fllwed the meal-time habits f mre than 500 peple fr six years, ____36____(find) weight change is mst affected by the size and ____37____(frequent) f meals rather than the interval (间隔) frm first t last meal. It challenges the ppular trend f intermittent fasting (禁食疗方) ____38____ a useful weight lss strategy.
Intermittent fasting, als referred t as time-restricted feeding, is a dietary strategy where all meals ____39____(cnsume) during a shrt windw f time each day. These windws can extend frm 6 t 10 hurs, resulting in a persn essentially fasting fr up t 18 hurs each day.
The idea reveals ____40____ is n link between the lime f a persn’s eating windw each day and weight changes. “Based n ther studies that have cme ut, including ____41____(we), we are starting t think timing f meals mst likely desn’t prduce ____42____ instant impact n weight lss,” said dctr Bennett. “What des matter, hwever, is the ttal number f medium and large meals a persn eats ver the day.” It suggests simply eating smaller meals, less frequently, is ____43____ ultimately leads t weight lss.
All f this desn’t mean intermittent fasting strategies wn’t help. But what des seem increasingly clear is that the weight lss benefits ccasinally ____44____(see) with these eating strategies may be primarily driven by a reduced calric intake. It desn’t mean yu can simply eat all yu want in a shrt windw each day and still expect _____45_____(lse) weight.
【答案】36. finding
37. frequency
38. as 39. are cnsumed
40. there 41. urs
42. an 43. what
44 seen 45. t lse
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究表明，影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间，该研究发现挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，句子成分完整，空处用非谓语动词的形式，find是句中have fllwed the meal-time habit…自然发生的结果，应用find现在分词的形式finding，作结果状语。故填finding。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医生对500多人的用餐习惯进行了六年的跟踪调查，发现影响体重变化的最大因素是饮食的量和频率，而不是从第一顿饮食到最后一顿饮食的间隔时间。分析句子可知，空处和size并列，作介词by的宾语，应用frequent的名词形式frequency，表示“（发生的）频率”，是不可数名词。故填frequency。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：它挑战了间歇性禁食作为一种有用的减肥策略的流行趋势。结合常识可知，间歇性禁食常被当作一种有用的减肥策略，空处应用介词as，表示“当作”。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：间歇性禁食，也被称为限时进食，是一种饮食策略，每天在短时间内食用所有食物。句子在解释间歇性禁食的内涵，是一般性的事实，应用一般现在时，where引导的同位语从句时态保持一致，空处作从句的谓语，和主语all meals之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are cnsumed。
【40题详解】
考查there be句型。句意：该研究表明，一个人每天进食时间的长短和体重变化之间没有联系。分析句子可知，reveals后面接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中表示两者之间没有关联，应用there be句型，空处填there。故填there。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处作介词including的宾语，表示“我们的研究”，应用名词性物主代词。故填urs。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：Bennett医生说：“根据其他已经发表的研究，包括我们的研究，我们开始认为饮食的时间很可能不会对减肥产生立竿见影的影响。”分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个，一种”，应用不定冠词，且instant以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：研究表明，减少饮食的量与频率是最终导致体重减轻的原因。分析句子可知，suggests后接了省略了that的宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，空处需引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但似乎越来越清楚的是，这些饮食策略偶尔出现的减肥效果可能主要是由减少热量摄入驱动的。分析句子可知，that引导的表语从句中主要成分完整，空处作benefits的后置定语，且see和benefits之间为被动关系，应用see的过去分词形式seen。故填seen。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不意味着你可以每天在短时间内吃完你想吃的所有东西，然后还期望减肥。分析句子可知，此处用了固定短语expect t d sth.，表示“期待做……”，空处需用lse不定式的形式t lse，作expect的宾语。故填t lse。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华，请给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Martin,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Martin,
Hearing ur schl is t green the empty space in frnt f the new library, I wuld like t share my suggestins.
Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature. Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax. Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my pinin. I hpe ur schl will becme mre beautiful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，对于学校新建图书馆前的空地如何进行绿化提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→advice
为某人提供某物：prvide sb with sth→ffer sb sth
此外：besides→what’s mre
看法：pinin→idea
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax.
拓展句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin which can prvide students with a place t study and relax.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.（运用了with的复合结构）
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A Panting Trut
Julia always enjyed running thrugh The Dark Walk twards the light at the end f it, which was a dark, damp tunnel f smth branches. This year she had the extra jy f shwing it t her small brther, Stephen, and f terrifying him as well as herself.
One day they fund a hle n ne side f the walk. Inside there was water, where they perceived (察觉、发现) a breathless trut (鳟鱼). They were bth s thrilled that they were n lnger afraid f the darkness as they bent dwn and peered at the fish panting (喘气) in his tiny prisn, his silver stmach ging up and dwn like an engine, therwise he was mtinless. Julia wndered what he ate and thught f his hunger. She fund him a wrm. But he ignred the fd, and just went n panting. She bent ver him, wndering hw he had been here. All the winter, in the dark tunnel, all day, all night, flating arund alne.
Nbdy knew hw the fish gt here. Her mther suggested that a bird had carried it here. Her father thught that in the winter a small stream might have carried it dwn there as a baby, and it had been safe until summer came and the water began t dry up.
Befre ging t bed, Stephen asked his mummy t tell him a stry as usual, while Julia lay in her bed, nt interested in it. That night mm tld a stry abut a trapped little fish. “And s, in the end, the naughty fish gt bigger and bigger, and the water gt less and less…Then a Fairy Gdmther appeared…”
Passinately, she turned arund and cried, “Mummy, dn’t make it a hrrible ld stry.” Staring at the mn she knew there was n such thing as a fairy and that actually the trut, dwn in the tunnel, was panting fr his life:
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sund asleep.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Julia pured the trut ut f the pt int the river.
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【答案】参考范文1:
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sund asleep. The image f the panting trut in the tiny hle wandered in Julia’s mind, making her tss and turn in bed. Unable t ignre her grwing cncern, she decided t d smething fr the fish. She sneaked int the kitchen, tk a pt full f water, and then tipted ut f the huse. When ging thrugh the familiar tunnel and cming t the hle, she knelt dwn and reached ut her hand int the muddy hle. Having tried several times, eventually she grasped him, put him int the pt, and then raced t a river.
Julia pured the trut ut f the pt int the river. At first, the fish hesitated fr a mment, cnfused by its sudden freedm. Then, with a surge f energy, it swam away, disappearing int the depths f the river. Then all she saw was the glimmer f the mn in the silent flwing river. After ging back, she put dwn the pt and flew thrugh the air like a bird int bed, relieved. In the mrning Stephen rushed t her, shuting that he was gne, and asking where and hw. Lifting her nse in the air, she said prudly, “Fairy Gdmther, I suppse?” and strlled away.
参考范文2:
She sat up in the silent night and Stephen was sund asleep. Her mind filled with thughts f the trut and the hpe that it had fund its freedm while Stephen was unaware f the anxiety that Julia was ging thrugh. Determined t bring peace t her restless mind, Julia decided t take actin. Unable t bear the fish’s suffering any lnger, she quietly gt ut f bed and tipted dwnstairs. When she came t the hle, she squatted dwn, reaching her hand int the hle. Having tried several times, eventually she gripped him, put him int the pt, and then raced t a river.
Julia pured the trut ut f the pt int the river. As sn as the fish tuched the water, it started t swim, its mvements becming mre lively. The nce panting fish nw seemed t dance gracefully in the water, which embraced the fish, carrying it away frm the narrw tiny hle in the tunnel. The trut’s silver figure glittered under the mnlight, almst as if it were dancing with newfund freedm. Julia watched in amazement as the trut disappeared int the depths f the river, blending in with its natural habitat. Julia std there, bathed in the mn’s sft glw, feeling a rush f relief and happiness.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了讲述了朱莉亚和她的弟弟斯蒂芬在一条黑暗的小路上发现被困的鳟鱼。他们对这个发现感到兴奋，并对鳟鱼的处境感到关心。然而，朱莉亚开始怀疑仙女和故事中的奇迹，意识到鳟鱼在黑暗的隧道中为生存而挣扎。整个故事强调了关爱和现实的对比。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她在寂静的夜晚坐了起来，斯蒂芬睡得很熟。”可知第一段可描写朱莉娅乘着他弟弟熟睡，把与放进锅里，奔向河流的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“茱莉亚把鳟鱼从锅里倒进河里。”可知第二段可描写鳟鱼回到了河流，但是第二天被弟弟发现了。
2.续写线索：熟睡——进厨房——倒水——拿锅——飞奔——鳟鱼消失——自豪
3.词汇激活
行类
①翻转：flip/turn ver/invert/reverse
②抓住：grasp/grip/hld/seize
③消失：disappearing/gne/vanished
情绪类
①关心：cncern/wrry/anxiety
②自豪：prud/pleased/satisfied
【点睛】[高分句型1] When ging thrugh the familiar tunnel and cming t the hle, she knelt dwn and reached ut her hand int the muddy hle. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Lifting her nse in the air, she said prudly, “Fairy Gdmther, I suppse?” and strlled away. (运用了现在分词作状语)
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