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2023-2024学年江苏省南通市海安市高三上学期开学英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023-2024学年江苏省南通市海安市高三上学期开学英语试题含答案，文件包含江苏省南通市海安市2023-2024学年高三上学期开学英语试题原卷版docx、江苏省南通市海安市2023-2024学年高三上学期开学英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共47页， 欢迎下载使用。
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第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why was the man late fr wrk?
A. He was stuck in traffic.
B. He had a traffic accident.
C. His car brke dwn n the rad.
2. What des the man like abut the new shp?
A. The lcatin. B. The assistants. C. The clthes.
3. What is the man ding?
A. Placing an rder. B. Asking abut an item. C. Requesting a delivery service.
4. Wh might Lily be?
A. The wman’s babysitter. B. The wman’s bss. C. The wman’s child.
5 What des the wman agree t d?
A. Change seats. B. Call ff her trip. C. Travel n a different day.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the wman describe the furniture stre?
A. There are gds f a high quality.
B. There are gd bargains n sale.
C. They sell gds nline as well.
7. What will the man d first?
A. Surf the Internet. B. G t the stre. C. Cmpare prices.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the mrning. B. At nn. C. In the afternn.
9. Why desn’t the mang t the cnference rm nw?
A. He needs t meet the clients.
B. He is wrking n anther task.
C. He has checked the heater befre.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers discussing?
A. The wman’s cusin. B. Their weekend plans. C. A lcal band.
11. Wh is the wman scheduled t meet?
A. A relative. B. A band member. C. A cncert rganizer.
12. What des the man ffer t d?
A. Cnvince Jane.
B. Pay fr the tickets.
C. Find ut the availability f tickets.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What happened t the wman at the beginning?
A. She lst her phne.
B. She culdn’t find the way.
C. She was trapped in heavy snw.
14. Hw did the wman keep warm?
A. By having mre clthes n.
B. By using the car heater.
C. By drinking ht tea.
15. Why did the wman turnff the engine?
A. It brke dwn.
B. She stpped t answer a call.
C. The car was running ut f gas.
16. What did the emergency services d?
A. They called an ambulance.
B. They led the wman t her hme.
C. They helped the wman g t the main rad.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind f place is Oldsville?
A. An ilfield. B. A turist area. C. A deserted train statin.
18 What can turists see right beside the track?
A. Desert plants. B. Trees. C. Animals.
19. What d we knw abut the bridge?
A. It is dangerus. B. It is ver a deep river. C. It is made f wd.
20. Where can turists get drinks?
A. Frm a stre. B. Frm the speaker. C. Frm a machine.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nashville TN
Welcme t yur Music City vacatin planning center, where yu can make reservatins fr ldging, activities, dining and mre! Yu can meet tday’s httest stars and cuntry music legends at the Grand Ole Opry, cruise the Cumberland abard the General Jacksn Shwbat Dinner Cruise r tur the sights!
Classic Music City Attractins
When ne thinks f Music City, there are several attractins that immediately cme t mind, namely the Grand Ole Opry, The General Jacksn Shwbat Dinner Cruise, and the Ryman Auditrium.
Sme f the mst amazing stars have taken the stage at the Grand Ole Opry. Anther histric venue in Music City is the Ryman Auditrium. As well as attending cncerts and shws, visitrs t the Ryman can take leisurely turs t learn all abut the histry f the perfrming center.
Architectural Wnders
As ne f the mst beautiful cities in the United States, it is n wnder that this city is hme t sme f the mst impressive pieces f architecture. Frm landmarks t universities and everything in between, thse wh have a passin fr histry are sure t have an amazing time explring these places.
Music City Art & Museums
Fr thse wh lve art, the Frist Center is a must-have activity. This art museum features apprximately 24, 000 sq ft filled with a variety f exhibitins and displays that are sure t impress. This nn-prfit center is pen seven days a week and features rtating exhibits s there’s smething new with each visit.
Shpping, Dining & Mre
Dwntwn is amng the mst ppular areas f the city as it hlds sme f the greatest attractins and mre.
East, the ever-grwing regin is a bustling(熙攘的) place t visit while in Music City! Frm an eclectic atmsphere t histric landmarks and mre. Frm lcal delicius eats t breweries and shpping pprtunities, this neighbrhd is well wrth a visit!
1. In Nashville TN, visitrs can .
A. have a chance t perfrm n the stage.
B. explre sme impressive histric buildings.
C. meet sme ht stars and pickup fictin stries.
D. g shpping in Dwntwn, the mst ppular area.
2. What is special abut the Frist Center?
A. Live cncerts can be enjyed.
B. It is the largest museum in Nashville TN.
C. The center is accessible every day except n hlidays.
D. Visitrs can get different visiting experiences every time.
3. What’s the main purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce the city f Nashville TN.
B. T help peple t tailr vacatin plans.
C. T aruse visitrs’ interest in music and art.
D. T remind visitrs f prtecting Nashville TN.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍音乐之城Nashville TN。目地是帮助人们制定度假计划。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Architectural Wnders中“As ne f the mst beautiful cities in the United States, it is n wnder that this city is hme t sme f the mst impressive pieces f architecture. Frm landmarks t universities and everything in between, thse wh have a passin fr histry are sure t have an amazing time explring these places.(作为美国最美丽的城市之一，难怪这座城市拥有一些最令人印象深刻的建筑。从地标到大学，以及介于两者之间的一切，那些对历史充满热情的人一定会在探索这些地方度过一段美妙的时光。)”可知，游客可以探索一些令人印象深刻的历史建筑。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Music City Art & Museums中“Fr thse wh lve art, the Frist Center is a must-have activity. This art museum features apprximately 24, 000 sq ft filled with a variety f exhibitins and displays that are sure t impress. This nn-prfit center is pen seven days a week and features rtating exhibits s there’s smething new with each visit.(对于那些热爱艺术的人来说，Frist Center是必不可少的活动。这座艺术博物馆占地约24000平方英尺，里面有各种各样的展览和展览，一定会给人留下深刻印象。这个非营利中心每周开放七天，以轮流展览为特色，所以每次参观都会有新的东西。)”可知，游客每次都可以获得不同的参观体验。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Welcme t yur Music City vacatin planning center, where yu can make reservatins fr ldging, activities, dining and mre! Yu can meet tday’s httest stars and cuntry music legends at the Grand Ole Opry, cruise the Cumberland abard the General Jacksn Shwbat Dinner Cruise r tur the sights!(欢迎来到您的音乐城度假规划中心，在那里您可以预订住宿、活动、餐饮等！您可以在Grand Ole Opry与当今最炙手可热的明星和乡村音乐传奇人物见面，乘坐General Jacksn游船晚餐巡游Cumberland，或游览景点！)”以及后文可知，文章主要为游客介绍音乐之城Nashville TN的一些旅游景点，所以B项T help peple t tailr vacatin plans.(帮助人们制定度假计划。)符合语境。故选B项。
B
Black students reprted facing barriers that prevent them frm cmpleting their undergraduate studies in six years r less, regardless f the type f certificate r degree prgram, accrding t research published Thursday by Gallup and the Lumina Fundatin. The mst significant factrs cntributing t the lwer rates amng Black students, the study fund, were experiencing acts f discriminatin and managing multiple pririties that can interfere with cmpleting cursewrk.
The reprt cmpiled data in fall 2022 frm 6, 008 cllege students acrss different certificatin and degree prgrams, including 1, 106 Black students.
21% f Black respndents said they felt discriminated against frequently r ccasinally cmpared t 15% f ther students. Black students were als mre likely t have shared that they felt disrespected r psychlgically unsafe at an institutin while learning. 28% f Black students wh attended an institutin with little diversity felt physically unsafe, while 26% felt disrespected and 27% felt psychlgically unsafe.
Managing multiple pririties was anther factr interfering with Black students’ educatin gals. The reprt fund that 22% f Black students verall have caregiving respnsibilities, cmpared t 11% f students in ther racial grups, and 20% f Black students verall have full-time jbs, cmpared t 11% f ther racial grups.
Aside frm discriminatin and the task f managing respnsibilities, the data als acknwledged ther barriers making it difficult fr Black students t cmplete their educatin, including the high csts f attending schl. An April 2022 reprt by The Educatin Trust fund that because Black wmen fall within tw marginalized grups, they make less mney and ften have t takeut mre lans t cver the cst f attending cllege.
4. Which factr can’t lead t the lwer rate f cmpleting educatin amng black students directly?
A. Management f multiple pririties.B. Experiences f discriminatin.
C. The types f certificate r degree prgrams.D. High csts f attending schl.
5. Hw did the researcher draw the cnclusin?
A. By referring t previus studies.
B. By making sme cmparisns.
C. By explaining causes and effects.
D By analyzing respndents’ psychlgy.
6. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Abut 21% f Black students feel discriminated against frequently.
B. Black students feel discriminated mainly due t physical in security.
C. Black students have t take full-time jbs fr lack f access t lans.
D. The black female students may be in the mst disadvantaged psitin.
7. What’s the authr’s attitude twards the phenmenn referred t in the passage?
A. Objective.B. Favrable.C. Critical.D. Cncerned.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲一项研究具体报告了一些导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中“The mst significant factrs cntributing t the lwer rates amng Black students, the study fund, were experiencing acts f discriminatin and managing multiple pririties that can interfere with cmpleting cursewrk. (研究发现，导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素是经历歧视行为和管理可能干扰完成课程的多个优先事项)”和最后一段中“Aside frm discriminatin and the task f managing respnsibilities, the data als acknwledged ther barriers making it difficult fr Black students t cmplete their educatin, including the high csts f attending schl. (除了歧视和管理责任的任务外，数据还承认了其他使黑人学生难以完成学业的障碍，包括高昂的上学成本)”可知，多个优先事项的管理、歧视的经历和上学费用高能直接导致黑人学生完成教育的比率较低，C项“证书或学位课程的类型”无法直接导致黑人学生完成教育的比率较低。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中“21% f Black respndents said they felt discriminated against frequently r ccasinally cmpared t 15% f ther students. (21%的黑人受访者表示，他们经常或偶尔感到受到歧视，而其他学生的这一比例为15%)”和第四段中“The reprt fund that 22% f Black students verall have caregiving respnsibilities, cmpared t 11% f students in ther racial grups, and 20% f Black students verall have full-time jbs, cmpared t 11% f ther racial grups. (报告发现，22%的黑人学生总体上有照顾责任，而其他种族群体的学生只有11%，20%的黑人学生整体上有全职工作，而其他族裔群体的这一比例为11%)”可知，研究人员是通过把黑人学生和其他族裔学生进行对比而得出结论的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“An April 2022 reprt by The Educatin Trust fund that because Black wmen fall within tw marginalized grups, they make less mney and ften have t takeut mre lans t cver the cst f attending cllege. (教育信托基金会2022年4月的一份报告发现，由于黑人女性属于两个边缘化群体，她们赚的钱更少，而且往往不得不获得更多的贷款来支付上大学的费用)”可知，黑人女性被自己种族群体和其他种族群体所歧视，因而黑人女学生可能处于最不利的地位。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中“The mst significant factrs cntributing t the lwer rates amng Black students, the study fund, were experiencing acts f discriminatin and managing multiple pririties that can interfere with cmpleting cursewrk.(研究发现，导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素是经历歧视行为和管理可能干扰完成课程的多个优先事项)”和下文内容可知，文章主要讲一项研究具体报告了一些导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素，作者并未发表个人见解，可得出作者对文章中提到的现象持客观态度。故选A项。
C
A new study reveals new clues abut the subtle(微妙的) but previusly prly understd evlutinary dance happening between temperatures and changes in the size f animal bdy parts. The new research ffers imprtant insights abut hw birds may adapt t the rapid rise in temperatures driven by glbal climate change.
Fr the study in Nature Cmmunicatins, the researchers lked at nearly 7, 000 species f terrestrial nn migratry birds—which is nearly tw-thirds f all bird species—and fcused n hw bird species has evlved in ambient temperature(温度的梯度) and ther factrs f selectin.
Tw widely accepted “rules” in bilgy indicate that as lcal temperatures change, animals are likely t adjust heat transfer capabilities by changing the size f their bdies and extremities(四肢).
Bilgist Carl Bergmann’s rule states that clder climates spawn bigger bdies because they help keep heat while smaller bdies help shed it. As a result, a plar bear is mre than 2 1/2 times as tall at the shulder as a sun bear frm equatrial regins.
Zlgist Jel Asaph Allen’s rule deals with extremities, such as limbs, ears, and beaks, stating that animals in clder climates tend t have smaller extremities because extremities tend t have mre surface than vlume and are uniquely suited t shed heat. Fr example, arctic hares have evlved shrt legs and ears, whereas desert jackrabbits have evlved very lnglegs and ears.
“The prblem is that everything we knw abut eclgy tells us that changing the size f bdies and extremities can be prblematic,” says lead authr Carls Bter, an assciate prfessr f integrative bilgy at the University f Texas at Austin.
Fr example if bdy size decreases, birds may nt be able t hunt the same fd as their ancestrs. Similarly, if the average size r shape f a bill changes, birds may becme less efficient fragers(觅食者) r have truble prducing typical mating calls.
It is nt surprising that many prir studies have failed t find evidence fr these predictins and that these s-called bilgical rules are currently cntrversial. The new study culd clarify that debate by shwing that althugh the patterns that Bergmann and Allen predicted ccur in the wild, the tw separate mechanisms cmplement each ther.
8. What is the new study abut?
A. The tw rules prpsed by previus researchers.
B. The differences between animals in cld and warm areas.
C. The effect glbal climate change has n animals’ fraging.
D. The way birds evlve in respnse t the rising temperature.
9. What des the underlined wrd “spawn” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. make frB. bring inC. arise frmD. wipeut
10. Accrding t the passage, the birds in the clder areas tend t have .
A. bigger bdies and lnger legs.B. bigger bdies and shrter legs.
C. smaller bdies and lnger legs.D. smaller bdies and shrter legs.
11. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The tw rules with separate mechanisms are cntradictry.
B. The new study cmbines the prir studies and the tw rules.
C. The new study prvides supprting evidence fr the tw rules.
D. The tw rules shw animals change the bdy size t keep heat
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究揭示了在温度和动物身体部位大小变化之间发生的微妙但以前鲜为人知的进化跳跃的新线索。这项新研究为鸟类如何适应全球气候变化导致的气温迅速上升提供了重要的见解。文章对此进行了介绍。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study reveals new clues abut the subtle(微妙的) but previusly prly understd evlutinary dance happening between temperatures and changes in the size f animal bdy parts. The new research ffers imprtant insights abut hw birds may adapt t the rapid rise in temperatures driven by glbal climate change.(一项新的研究揭示了在温度和动物身体部位大小变化之间发生的微妙但以前鲜为人知的进化跳跃的新线索。这项新研究为鸟类如何适应全球气候变化导致的气温迅速上升提供了重要的见解。)”可知，这项新研究是关于鸟类对气温上升的反应。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“As a result, a plar bear is mre than 2 1/2 times as tall at the shulder as a sun bear frm equatrial regins.(因此，北极熊的肩高是赤道地区马来熊的2.5倍多。)”可知，此处是指较冷的气候会导致更大的动物体型，所以spawn意为“引起，导致”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Fr example, arctic hares have evlved shrt legs and ears, whereas desert jackrabbits have evlved very lnglegs and ears.(例如，北极野兔进化出了短腿和耳朵，而沙漠大野兔进化出了非常长的腿和耳朵。)”和第四段第二句“As a result, a plar bear is mre than 2 1/2 times as tall at the shulder as a sun bear frm equatrial regins.(因此，北极熊的肩高是赤道地区马来熊的2.5倍多。)”可知，寒冷地区的鸟类往往有更大的身体和更短的腿。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The new study culd clarify that debate by shwing that althugh the patterns that Bergmann and Allen predicted ccur in the wild, the tw separate mechanisms cmplement each ther.(这项新的研究表明，尽管Bergmann和Allen预测的模式在野外也会出现，但这两种不同的机制是互补的，从而澄清了这一争论。)”和第一段“A new study reveals new clues abut the subtle(微妙的) but previusly prly understd evlutinary dance happening between temperatures and changes in the size f animal bdy parts. The new research ffers imprtant insights abut hw birds may adapt t the rapid rise in temperatures driven by glbal climate change.(一项新的研究揭示了在温度和动物身体部位大小变化之间发生的微妙但以前鲜为人知的进化跳跃的新线索。这项新研究为鸟类如何适应全球气候变化导致的气温迅速上升提供了重要的见解。)”可知，这项新研究为这两条规则提供了支持性证据。故选C。
D
U.S. frests culd wrsen glbal warming instead f easing it because they are being destryed by natural disasters and are lsing their ability t absrb planet-warming gases as they get lder, a new Agriculture Department reprt says.
U.S. frests currently absrb 11 percent f U.S carbn emissins, r 150 millin metric tns f carbn a year, equal t the cmbined emissins frm 40 cal pwer plants, the reprt says. It predicts that the ability f frests t absrb carbn will start falling quickly after 2025 and that frests culd emit up t 100 millin metric tns f carbn a year as their emissins frm rtting trees exceed their carbn absrptin. Frests culd becme a “substantial carbn surce” by 2070, the USDA reprt says.
The predictin suggests that the lss f frests as a natural carbn absrber will require the U.S. t cut emissins mre rapidly t reach net zer, said Lynn Riley, a senir manager f climate science at the American Frest Fundatin.
“Ten percent f ur dmestic emissins. That is a really significant prtin,” Riley said. “As we wrk t are ne f the greatest tls at ur dispsal. If we were t lse that, it means the U.S. will cntribute that much mre in emissins.”
The lss f cab n absrptin is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, trnades and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as glbal temperatures rise. The disasters destry frestland, disrupting their ecsystem and decreasing their ability t absrb carbn, Riley said.
Explitatin f frested areas, which the reprt prjects will cntinue t increase, is having the same effect as peple increasingly mve t the s-called wild and urban interface.
The trees’ ability t absrb carbn weakens vertime. Older, mature trees absrb less carbn than yunger trees f the same species, and the U.S. frests are rapidly aging, the reprt fund.
Mre aggressive frest management can help by cutting dwn a small prtin f aging frests t make ways fr yunger trees that absrb mre carbn, Riley said. A thrugh study f each frest shuld be dne befre remving lder trees, Riley said, cmparing frest management t prescribing the prper dugs t a patient.
12. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. Cal pwer plants emit 150 millin metric tns f carbn every year
B. Cutting dwn all lder trees is an effective way t slve the prblem.
C. A new study f frest shuld be cnducted after remving lder trees.
D. Frests are likely t shift frm a carbn absrber t an emissin surce.
13. What can we infer frm what Riley said in paragraph 3 and 4?
A. Frests play a crucial rle in hlding carbn.
B. Frests are n lnger a natural carbn absrber.
C. The U.S makes cntributins t decarbnizatin.
D. Achieving net zer emissins is within easy reach.
14. The fllwing factrs can cause the lss f carbn absrptin EXCEPT .
A. aging frestsB. natural disasters
C. glbal warmingD. develpment f frests
15. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Cutting Carbn Helps Slw Glbal Warming.
B. Glbal Warming Is Becming Wrse Gradually.
C. Frests Are Lsing Their Ability t Hld Carbn.
D. Planting Mre Trees Is at The Tp f The Agenda.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。文章对此进行了详细介绍。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“It predicts that the ability f frests t absrb carbn will start falling quickly after 2025 and that frests culd emit up t 100 millin metric tns f carbn a year as their emissins frm rtting trees exceed their carbn absrptin. Frests culd becme a “substantial carbn surce” by 2070, the USDA reprt says.(它预测，森林吸收碳的能力将在2025年之后开始迅速下降，森林每年可能排放高达1亿吨的碳，因为腐烂的树木排放的碳超过了它们吸收的碳。美国农业部的报告称，到2070年，森林可能成为“重要的碳源”。)”可知，森林很可能从碳吸收器转变为排放源。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句““As we wrk t are ne f the greatest tls at ur dispsal. If we were t lse that, it means the U.S. will cntribute that much mre in emissins.”(“在我们努力脱碳的过程中……森林是我们可以利用的最伟大的工具之一。如果我们失去了这一点，这意味着美国将贡献更多的排放。”)”可知，从莱利在第3段和第4段所说的话中可以推断出森林在储存碳方面起着至关重要的作用。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The lss f cab n absrptin is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, trnades and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as glbal temperatures rise.(吸收损失部分是由野火、龙卷风和飓风等自然灾害造成的，随着全球气温上升，这些自然灾害的频率和强度都在增加。)”可知，自然灾害和全球变暖都会引起碳吸收损失，根据第一段“U.S. frests culd wrsen glbal warming instead f easing it because they are being destryed by natural disasters and are lsing their ability t absrb planet-warming gases as they get lder, a new Agriculture Department reprt says.(美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。)”可知，树木老化也会引起碳吸收损失。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“U.S. frests culd wrsen glbal warming instead f easing it because they are being destryed by natural disasters and are lsing their ability t absrb planet-warming gases as they get lder, a new Agriculture Department reprt says.(美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。)”可知，文章主要是讲随着树木的老化，森林正在失去吸收温室气体的能力。故选C。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Wrld Bk Day, als called Wrld Bk and Cpyright Day, falls n April 23rd._____16_____ Reading extensively expses yu t new ideas and knwledge, imprves yur cncentratin and memry, and enhances yur creativity and critical thinking skills.
Despite the imprtance f reading, many students tday dn’t have a gd habit f reading. There are a few reasns fr this: lack f time and mtivatin, abundance f digital distractins and failure t stick t reading. Hwever, these challenges can be vercme with yur cnscius effrts.
First, yu need t make time fr reading by limiting time spent n scial media r ther leisure activities. Start with just 15—30 minutes a day f reading and yu can wrk yur way up t lnger sessins.____17____Many libraries als have digital bk ptins if yu prefer e-readers r audibks.
Secnd, build the habit by scheduling reading time each day and sticking t it.____18____Even just having a regular rutine n certain days f the week, such as reading Mnday t Friday after dinner fr example, can help yu cement(巩固，加强) it as a habit.
Finally, track yur prgress t stay n track. Set mnthly reading gals t achieve and recrd the bks yu read, hw lng the sessins were and any key insights gained. It is a traditinal way t write n a ntebk.____19____.
By making reading a pririty, limiting distractins, setting a regular schedule, and tracking yur prgress, yu can successfully develp the habit f reading.____20____S take the first step t cultivate this imprtant habit tday. Yur future self will surely thank yu fr it.
A. Tday using an app may make it easier t achieve.
B. The gal f the day is t engage peple in reading.
C. Habits are frmed thrugh cnsistency and repetitin.
D Develping a habit f reading is particularly unnecessary.
E. Prtecting the is likely t be the fcus f the day.
F. A lifelng lve f reading will enrich yur life in s many ways.
G. Find bks yu are genuinely interested in t help build mtivatin.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了养成阅读这一良好习惯的几种方式。
【16题详解】
前文“The Wrld Bk Day, als called Wrld Bk and Cpyright Day, falls n April 23rd. ( 4月23日是世界图书日，也称为世界图书和版权日。)”引出世界图书日，空处应承接上文，围绕读书日这一天展开论述，B项“这一天的目标是让人们参与阅读。”符合题意，选项中的the day指代前文中的The Wrld Bk Day。故选B。
【17题详解】
后文“Many libraries als have digital bk ptins if yu prefer e-readers r audibks.(如果你喜欢电子阅读器或有声读物，许多图书馆也有电子书可供选择。)”讲述了可以选择图书馆的电子书，根据句中的als可知，空处应讲述可以选择其他某种图书类型，G项“找一些你真正感兴趣的书来帮助建立（阅读的）动力。”符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
本段首句“Secnd, build the habit by scheduling reading time each day and sticking t it.(其次，通过每天安排阅读时间并坚持来促成习惯的养成。)”是段落主旨句，讲述了要每天坚持阅读，养成阅读习惯，空处应承接上文，C项“习惯是通过坚持和重复培养起来的。”符合题意，且选项中的Habits和前文中的habit对应。故选C。
【19题详解】
前文“Set mnthly reading gals t achieve and recrd the bks yu read, hw lng the sessins were and any key insights gained. It is a traditinal way t write n a ntebk.(设定每月的阅读目标，以实现并记录你读过的书、课程时间以及获得的任何关键见解。在笔记本上写是一种传统方式。)”讲述了在笔记本上记录你读过的书、课程时间以及获得的任何关键见解，这是一种传统方式，空处应承接上文，讲述传统之外的其他记录方式，A项“如今，使用应用程序可能会使其更容易实现。”符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
后文“S take the first step t cultivate this imprtant habit tday. Yur future self will surely thank yu fr it.(所以，今天就迈出培养这个重要习惯的第一步。你未来的自己一定会为此感谢你。)”呼吁迈出培养阅读习惯的第一步，这将有助于塑造更好的自我，由S可知，空前应讲述这个习惯对读者自身的好处，与后句形成因果关系，F项“终身热爱阅读会在很多方面丰富你的生活。”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The first cable car riginated frm San Francisc. They were invented befre the autmbile in the days when hrse-drawn streetcars were the ppular public transprtatin.
One day, Andrew Hallidie, whse father was the inventr f the wire rpe, witnessed a terrible ____21____ invlving a streetcar fr which it was that ____22____ the idea f the cable railway. He was wandering arund the street when he nticed a hrse struggling t ____23____ the streetcar up Jacksn Street. It’s _____24_____ and was dragged back dwn a hill, passengers and gds _____25_____ ut f the carriage. This scene triggered Hallidie t find a ____26____ way t transprt peple and things.
Back hme, Hallidie ____27____ strands f wire rpes t make wire cables, believing the cables wuld be ____28____ enugh t pull the cable cars. Then he fund smene t help him ____29____ the cars, with difficulty but successfully. He als managed t get the help f William E. Eppelsheimer, a German engineer, wh _____30_____ the first cable car line. Finally, Hallidie btained a frmal _____31_____ frm a lawyer named Benjamin Brks t build a valid system.
August 2, 1873 saw the first trial f the cable car. Originally, Hallidie hired a grip man t perate the car. But after lking dwn the _____32_____ hill, the man refused firmly. Hallidie decided t _____33_____ it by himself frm Jnes Street t Kearney Street by way f Clay Street, knwn as the Clay Street Hill line tday. Abut ne mnth after the test run, the Line pened fr _____34_____ use. Frm then n, ther lines pened in San Francisc as well as in ther U.S cities and cities verseas. Till nw, San Francisc is the nly city where the cable car still _____35_____.
21. A. accidentB. hrseC. quarrelD. game
22. A. remindedB. cnceivedC. recalledD. cnvinced
23. A. catchB. pushC. kickD. pull
24. A. slippedB. slidC. ranD. jumped
25 A. cllapsingB. fallingC. eruptingD. unflding
26. A. wiserB. rugherC. saferD. brader
27. A. twistedB. revisedC. fixedD. divided
28. A. lngB. thickC. rughD. strng
29. A. manufactureB. sellC. designD. advertise
30. A. tk nB. pulled upC. built upD. laid ut
31. A. annuncementB. permissinC. cmmitmentD. appintment
32. A. wideB. steepC. primitiveD. remte
33. A. fetchB. dragC. driveD. direct
34. A. publicB. persnalC. utsideD. external
35. A. hatchesB. refreshesC. peratesD. casts
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Andrew Hallidie因看到一场马拉货车摔倒的事故，迸发了发明电缆车的想法。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，安德鲁·哈利迪（Andrew Hallidie），他的父亲是钢丝绳的发明者，目睹了一场可怕的事故，涉及一辆马车，正是因为这辆马车，电缆轨道的想法应运而生。A. accident事故；B. hrse马；C. quarrel吵架；D. game游戏。由下文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”可知，马车被拖下山，这是发生了一场事故。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，安德鲁·哈利迪（Andrew Hallidie），他的父亲是钢丝绳的发明者，目睹了一场可怕的事故，涉及一辆马车，正是因为这辆马车，电缆轨道的想法应运而生。A. reminded提醒；B. cnceived想出、构想；C. recalled使想起；D. cnvinced说服。由下文“This scene triggered Hallidie t find a ____6____ way t transprt peple and things. (这一幕促使哈利迪去找到一种____6____的方式来运送人和物)”可知，马车被拖下山这一事故使电缆轨道的想法被构想出来。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在街上闲逛时，他注意到一匹马正奋力将马车拉上杰克逊街。A. catch抓住；B. push推；C. kick踢；D. pull拉。与下文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”马车被拖下山相对照，此处在讲马正奋力将马车拉上杰克逊街。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它滑了一滑，被拖下山，乘客和货物从车厢里掉了出来。A. slipped（意外而不自主地）滑落、下降；B. slid（在一个光滑的表面持续地）滑动；C. ran跑步；D. jumped跳跃。由下文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”可知，马应该是滑了一滑，才被拖下山的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它滑了一滑，被拖下山，乘客和货物从车厢里掉了出来。A. cllapsing倒塌；B. falling落（到）；C. erupting爆发；D. unflding展开。由上文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”可知，发生了马车被拖下山的事故，乘客和货物肯定也从车厢里掉了出来，才能体现事故场景。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一幕促使哈利迪找到了一种更安全的方式来运送人和物。A. wiser更聪明的；B. rugher更粗糙的；C. safer更安全的；D. brader更广泛的。由上文语境可知，发生了马车被拖下山的事故，乘客和货物从车厢里掉了出来，这危险的场景使哈利迪想找到一种更安全的方式来运送人和物。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家里，哈利迪把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，相信这些钢缆足够坚固，可以拉动缆车。A. twisted扭转；B. revised修正；C. fixed修理；D. divided分开。由下文“strands f wire rpes t make wire cables”可知，此处指哈利迪把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，去增加钢缆的结实性。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到家里，哈利迪把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，相信这些钢缆足够坚固，可以拉动缆车。A. lng长的；B. thick厚的；C. rugh粗糙的；D. strng坚强的。由上文“strands f wire rpes t make wire cables”可知，把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，增加了钢缆的结实性，让钢缆足够坚固以拉动缆车。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他找人帮他设计汽车，虽然困难重重，但还是成功了。A. manufacture生产；B. sell卖；C. design设计；D. advertise做广告。由本处语境和电缆车的发明可知，他找人帮他设计电缆汽车。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他还设法得到了德国工程师William E.Eppelsheimer的帮助，他铺设了第一条缆车线路。A. tk n承担；B. pulled up拔起；C. built up建立；D. laid ut铺开、排列。由电缆车的发明和下文“the first cable car line”可知，此处指铺设第一条电缆车线路。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，哈利迪从一位名叫Benjamin Brks的律师那里获得了建立有效系统的正式许可。A. annuncement宣布；B. permissin许可；C. cmmitment承诺；D. appintment约会。由下文“a lawyer”和“t build a valid system”可知，律师工作内容与法律许可等相关，哈利迪想建立有效的电缆车系统，是需要获得政府许可的。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在看了看陡峭的山坡后，那个人坚决拒绝了。A. wide广泛的；B. steep陡峭的；C. primitive原始的；D. remte遥远的。由下文“the man refused firmly”可知，应该是一个陡峭的山坡，看到害怕，那个人才拒绝的。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈利迪决定自己开车从琼斯街经过克莱街到科尔尼街，今天被称为克莱街希尔线。A. fetch拿来；B. drag拖；C. drive开车；D. direct指示。由上文“the man refused firmly (那个人坚决拒绝了)”和下文“it by himself”可知，雇佣的人看到陡峭的山坡后拒绝试车，最后哈利迪亲自上阵，自己开车。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试运行大约一个月后，该线路向公众开放。A. public公共的；B. persnal个人的；C. utside外面的；D. external外部的。呼应下文“Frm then n, ther lines pened in San Francisc as well as in ther U.S cities and cities verseas. (从那时起，其他线路在旧金山以及美国其他城市和海外城市开通)”其它线路向公众开放，试运行大约一个月后，发现安全性很好，该线路向公众开放。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，旧金山是唯一一个缆车仍在运营的城市。A. hatches孵化；B. refreshes刷新；C. perates使运行；D. casts投射。由上文“The first cable car riginated frm San Francisc. (第一辆缆车起源于旧金山)”和本处语境可知，作为第一辆缆车起源的旧金山，其缆车仍在运营。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Trch festival f the Ethnic minrity
The Trch Festival, the grandest festival f the Yi peple, is held arund the 24th day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar. The Yi peple think fire pssesses a superhuman pwer_____36_____can drive away evil and frighten ff ghsts. They have_____37_____a special relatinship with fire that they call themselves the “fire natinality”.
During the festival, trches, 20-30cm _____38_____diameter, a replaced upright in frnt f huses. At the entrance t the villages, a grand “trch twer”, standing mre than 20 metres high and_____39_____(make) f pine branches and dry firewd,_____40_____.(decrate) with fresh flwers and fruits.
At last, with expectatin and wishes_____41_____(cme) the lng-awaited mment. After dinner, as darkness casts its shadw, yung and ld,_____42_____(dress) in their mst ceremnial and splendid cstumes decrated with sparkling rnaments, rush_____43_____(excite) t the “trch twer” square. Cheers and screams f delight burst frm the crwd, while the saring flames brighten the darkness f the night and warm everyne present at the scene.
On such a brilliant and marvelus night, the_____44_____(participate) are verjyed by the grand spectacle and the atmsphere f celebratin. Yung men and wmen sing and dance hand in hand arund the bnfire________45________(express) their gratitude fr a life f plenty and gd wishes fr the cming year.
【答案】36. that##which
37. such 38. in
39. made 40. is decrated
41. cmes 42. dressed
43. excitedly
44. participants
45. t express
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍少数民族火把节。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：彝族认为火具有驱邪驱鬼的神力。此处a superhuman pwer是先行词，指物，在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【37题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：他们与火有着如此特殊的关系，他们称自己为“火族”。根据句中a special relatinship，可知由such修饰，且such与后面的that构成结果状语从句，such…that…意为“如此……以致于……”。故填such。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：节日期间，直径20-30厘米的火炬被替换为房屋前的立柱 。表示“在直径上”用介词in。故填in。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在村庄的入口处，有一座高大的“火炬塔”，高20多米，由松枝和干木柴制成，上面装饰着鲜花和水果。设空处与a grand “trch twer”之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填made。
【40题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在村庄的入口处，有一座高大的“火炬塔”，高20多米，由松枝和干木柴制成，上面装饰着鲜花和水果。该句在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语a grand “trch twer”为第三人称单数，和谓语动词decrate之间是被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态。故填is decrated。
【41题详解】
考查一般现在时。句意：最后，带着期待和祝福，期待已久的时刻到来了。该句是全部倒装，在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且主语是单数第三人称形式，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填cmes。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：晚饭后，夜幕降临，老老少少穿着最隆重、最华丽的服装，装饰着闪闪发光的饰品，兴奋地涌向“火炬塔”广场。固定短语：be dressed in“穿着……，戴着……”，此处是形容词短语作后置定语。故填dressed。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：晚饭后，夜幕降临，老老少少穿着最隆重、最华丽的服装，装饰着闪闪发光的饰品，兴奋地涌向“火炬塔”广场。此处是副词修饰动词rush。故填excitedly。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在这样一个辉煌而奇妙的夜晚，参加者为这壮观的场面和庆祝的气氛而欣喜若狂。此处用名词复数作主语。故填participants。
【45题详解】
考查不定式作目的状语。句意：青年男女手拉手围着篝火唱歌跳舞，以表达他们对丰饶生活的感激之情和对来年的美好祝愿。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填t express。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你向校报英文版投稿，介绍当下出现的外国人学汉语的热潮的相关情况，内容要点如下：
1.简单介绍该现象；
2.该现象产生的原因。
要求：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editr,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editr,
I am writing t share an interesting trend—an increasing number f freigners are keen n learning the Chinese language. The reasns behind this are bvius.
First, as ur cuntry cntinues t play an increasingly imprtant rle n the wrld stage, mre freigners realize that being able t cmmunicate in Chinese can give them an advantage. Als, the charm f Chinese culture, art, and literature has captured the hearts f many freigners. Learning Chinese allws them t better appreciate and understand thse special things.
Persnally, I firmly believe that as this trend cntinues, it nt nly strengthens cultural exchange but als brings new pprtunities fr internatinal cperatin.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于信函类应用文，要求考生以信函的写作格式给校报英文版投稿，介绍当下出现的汉语热现象，并具体分析其原因。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
越来越多的：an increasing number f→a grwing number f/mre and mre
热衷于：be keen n→be eager fr/be enthusiastic abut
意识到：realize that→be aware that
允许：allw→permit
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I am writing t share an interesting trend—an increasing number f freigners are keen n learning the Chinese language.
拓展句：I am writing t share an interesting trend that an increasing number f freigners are keen n learning the Chinese language.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, as ur cuntry cntinues t play an increasingly imprtant rle n the wrld stage, mre freigners realize that being able t cmmunicate in Chinese can give them an advantage.(使用了as引导时间状语从句、不定式短语作cntinues的宾语、that引导宾语从句、be able t d结构)
【高分句型2】Persnally, I firmly believe that as this trend cntinues, it nt nly strengthens cultural exchange but als brings new pprtunities fr internatinal cperatin.(使用了that引导宾语从句、as引导时间状语从句、nt nly…but als…连接并列结构)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day I gt stuck in the Tube n my way t wrk.
The Tube—that’s what mst peple call it—is Lndn’s undergrund railway system.
It was abut nine 'clck in the mrning, the middle f the rush-hur. Nbdy had expected smething unusual wuld happen later and everyne was ding their usual: a pretty girl gave her byfriend sweet kisses ne after anther. Sitting next t me, a yung wman with a suitcase and a baby tk a scarf ut f her suitcase and made her baby a nest, s that it culd lie mre cmfrtably. In fact, the train had just left Green Park Statin when, instead f speeding up, it started t slw dwn and then came t a stand-still.
Ten minutes passed, thugh it seemed like half a day. the train didn’t mve. Had the railwaymen frgtten all abut ur existence? Had there been a crash n the line in frnt? Hw serius was the breakdwn? We had n means f knwing. Hwever, t anxius peple wh are stuck in the Tube, I suppse it desn’t really matter what it is that has brken dwn. What they care is when they can get ut f the truble.
Twenty minutes passed. All hpe f getting t wrk n time had lng since gne. Had the train really brken dwn? Several peple thught s, but they were wrng. A railwayman at last came dwn the length f the train t tell us that the pwer supply had failed, and that we were nt t wrry as they were wrking t put it right.
We culd nt leave the train, as it had stpped in the tunnel (隧道), nt at a statin. There was nthing else t d. The weak signal disabled cellphnes. Besides, the train was getting ht and stuffy (闷). I even began t wnder if we were ging t stay there fr the rest f the day.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左石：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The hpeless waiting in the darkness drve us crazy.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As a cmmuter (上班族) wh traveled t wrk n the train every day, I thught it my duty t d smething.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The hpeless waiting in the darkness drve us crazy. We culd nt bear the heat inside the train any lnger. Thse standing by the windws attempted t pen them t let in fresh air but ended up in failure. The impatient cmplaints were mixed with angry punches n the wall, which made the baby in the cmfrtable nest burst ut crying.
As a cmmuter wh traveled t wrk n the train every day, I thught it my duty t d smething. Clearing my thrat, I picked up my curage and started a sng fr the baby as well as fr everyne ut there: Twinkle, Twinkle, little star, hw I wnder what yu are…Unexpectedly, my neighbring passengers jined me immediately they heard me. Then, mre and mre passengers jined in the sng. When we finished the sng in chrus, a cheer went up. Because the light flashed and the train mved slwly ff twards the next statin. At the same time, I culd see ur faces lit up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一天上班途中，火车突然停了下来，车上的人们纷纷猜测发生了什么，二十分钟后，人们终于弄清楚，是火车电源失灵了，正在检修中，因为在隧道里，作者和其他乘客只能呆在又热又闷的火车里，怀疑自己是否会在那里呆一整天。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“黑暗中绝望的等待把我们逼疯了。”可知，第一段可描写作者他们在闷热的火车里很难受，新鲜空气进不来，乘客开始抱怨、焦躁起来。
②由第二段首句内容“作为一个每天坐火车上班的通勤者，我认为做点什么是我的责任。”可知，第二段可描写在这样的不安的情况下，作者唱起小星星，没想到越来越多的乘客加入唱歌，歌唱完，火车灯亮了，火车启动了，人们也露出喜色了。
2.续写线索：等待——抱怨——唱歌——一起唱——火车启动——露出喜色
3.词汇激活
行为类
①等待：waiting in the darkness
②开始唱歌：started a sng
③立即加入我：jined me immediately
④露出喜色：lit up
情绪类
①绝望的：hpeless
②不耐烦的抱怨：The impatient cmplaints
③突然大哭起来：burst ut crying
④一阵欢呼声：a cheer
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The impatient cmplaints were mixed with angry punches n the wall, which made the baby in the cmfrtable nest burst ut crying.（由关系词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Clearing my thrat, I picked up my curage and started a sng fr the baby as well as fr everyne ut there: Twinkle, Twinkle, little star, hw I wnder what yu are…（现在分词短语作状语）
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷交回。
2.答题前，请您务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔填写在答题卷上。
3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号与你本人的是否相符。
4.作答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔写在答题卷上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面的5段对话。每段对话后都有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why was the man late fr wrk?
A. He was stuck in traffic.
B. He had a traffic accident.
C. His car brke dwn n the rad.
2. What des the man like abut the new shp?
A. The lcatin. B. The assistants. C. The clthes.
3. What is the man ding?
A. Placing an rder. B. Asking abut an item. C. Requesting a delivery service.
4. Wh might Lily be?
A. The wman’s babysitter. B. The wman’s bss. C. The wman’s child.
5 What des the wman agree t d?
A. Change seats. B. Call ff her trip. C. Travel n a different day.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Hw des the wman describe the furniture stre?
A. There are gds f a high quality.
B. There are gd bargains n sale.
C. They sell gds nline as well.
7. What will the man d first?
A. Surf the Internet. B. G t the stre. C. Cmpare prices.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When des the cnversatin take place?
A. In the mrning. B. At nn. C. In the afternn.
9. Why desn’t the mang t the cnference rm nw?
A. He needs t meet the clients.
B. He is wrking n anther task.
C. He has checked the heater befre.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers discussing?
A. The wman’s cusin. B. Their weekend plans. C. A lcal band.
11. Wh is the wman scheduled t meet?
A. A relative. B. A band member. C. A cncert rganizer.
12. What des the man ffer t d?
A. Cnvince Jane.
B. Pay fr the tickets.
C. Find ut the availability f tickets.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What happened t the wman at the beginning?
A. She lst her phne.
B. She culdn’t find the way.
C. She was trapped in heavy snw.
14. Hw did the wman keep warm?
A. By having mre clthes n.
B. By using the car heater.
C. By drinking ht tea.
15. Why did the wman turnff the engine?
A. It brke dwn.
B. She stpped t answer a call.
C. The car was running ut f gas.
16. What did the emergency services d?
A. They called an ambulance.
B. They led the wman t her hme.
C. They helped the wman g t the main rad.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind f place is Oldsville?
A. An ilfield. B. A turist area. C. A deserted train statin.
18 What can turists see right beside the track?
A. Desert plants. B. Trees. C. Animals.
19. What d we knw abut the bridge?
A. It is dangerus. B. It is ver a deep river. C. It is made f wd.
20. Where can turists get drinks?
A. Frm a stre. B. Frm the speaker. C. Frm a machine.
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Nashville TN
Welcme t yur Music City vacatin planning center, where yu can make reservatins fr ldging, activities, dining and mre! Yu can meet tday’s httest stars and cuntry music legends at the Grand Ole Opry, cruise the Cumberland abard the General Jacksn Shwbat Dinner Cruise r tur the sights!
Classic Music City Attractins
When ne thinks f Music City, there are several attractins that immediately cme t mind, namely the Grand Ole Opry, The General Jacksn Shwbat Dinner Cruise, and the Ryman Auditrium.
Sme f the mst amazing stars have taken the stage at the Grand Ole Opry. Anther histric venue in Music City is the Ryman Auditrium. As well as attending cncerts and shws, visitrs t the Ryman can take leisurely turs t learn all abut the histry f the perfrming center.
Architectural Wnders
As ne f the mst beautiful cities in the United States, it is n wnder that this city is hme t sme f the mst impressive pieces f architecture. Frm landmarks t universities and everything in between, thse wh have a passin fr histry are sure t have an amazing time explring these places.
Music City Art & Museums
Fr thse wh lve art, the Frist Center is a must-have activity. This art museum features apprximately 24, 000 sq ft filled with a variety f exhibitins and displays that are sure t impress. This nn-prfit center is pen seven days a week and features rtating exhibits s there’s smething new with each visit.
Shpping, Dining & Mre
Dwntwn is amng the mst ppular areas f the city as it hlds sme f the greatest attractins and mre.
East, the ever-grwing regin is a bustling(熙攘的) place t visit while in Music City! Frm an eclectic atmsphere t histric landmarks and mre. Frm lcal delicius eats t breweries and shpping pprtunities, this neighbrhd is well wrth a visit!
1. In Nashville TN, visitrs can .
A. have a chance t perfrm n the stage.
B. explre sme impressive histric buildings.
C. meet sme ht stars and pickup fictin stries.
D. g shpping in Dwntwn, the mst ppular area.
2. What is special abut the Frist Center?
A. Live cncerts can be enjyed.
B. It is the largest museum in Nashville TN.
C. The center is accessible every day except n hlidays.
D. Visitrs can get different visiting experiences every time.
3. What’s the main purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce the city f Nashville TN.
B. T help peple t tailr vacatin plans.
C. T aruse visitrs’ interest in music and art.
D. T remind visitrs f prtecting Nashville TN.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍音乐之城Nashville TN。目地是帮助人们制定度假计划。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Architectural Wnders中“As ne f the mst beautiful cities in the United States, it is n wnder that this city is hme t sme f the mst impressive pieces f architecture. Frm landmarks t universities and everything in between, thse wh have a passin fr histry are sure t have an amazing time explring these places.(作为美国最美丽的城市之一，难怪这座城市拥有一些最令人印象深刻的建筑。从地标到大学，以及介于两者之间的一切，那些对历史充满热情的人一定会在探索这些地方度过一段美妙的时光。)”可知，游客可以探索一些令人印象深刻的历史建筑。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Music City Art & Museums中“Fr thse wh lve art, the Frist Center is a must-have activity. This art museum features apprximately 24, 000 sq ft filled with a variety f exhibitins and displays that are sure t impress. This nn-prfit center is pen seven days a week and features rtating exhibits s there’s smething new with each visit.(对于那些热爱艺术的人来说，Frist Center是必不可少的活动。这座艺术博物馆占地约24000平方英尺，里面有各种各样的展览和展览，一定会给人留下深刻印象。这个非营利中心每周开放七天，以轮流展览为特色，所以每次参观都会有新的东西。)”可知，游客每次都可以获得不同的参观体验。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Welcme t yur Music City vacatin planning center, where yu can make reservatins fr ldging, activities, dining and mre! Yu can meet tday’s httest stars and cuntry music legends at the Grand Ole Opry, cruise the Cumberland abard the General Jacksn Shwbat Dinner Cruise r tur the sights!(欢迎来到您的音乐城度假规划中心，在那里您可以预订住宿、活动、餐饮等！您可以在Grand Ole Opry与当今最炙手可热的明星和乡村音乐传奇人物见面，乘坐General Jacksn游船晚餐巡游Cumberland，或游览景点！)”以及后文可知，文章主要为游客介绍音乐之城Nashville TN的一些旅游景点，所以B项T help peple t tailr vacatin plans.(帮助人们制定度假计划。)符合语境。故选B项。
B
Black students reprted facing barriers that prevent them frm cmpleting their undergraduate studies in six years r less, regardless f the type f certificate r degree prgram, accrding t research published Thursday by Gallup and the Lumina Fundatin. The mst significant factrs cntributing t the lwer rates amng Black students, the study fund, were experiencing acts f discriminatin and managing multiple pririties that can interfere with cmpleting cursewrk.
The reprt cmpiled data in fall 2022 frm 6, 008 cllege students acrss different certificatin and degree prgrams, including 1, 106 Black students.
21% f Black respndents said they felt discriminated against frequently r ccasinally cmpared t 15% f ther students. Black students were als mre likely t have shared that they felt disrespected r psychlgically unsafe at an institutin while learning. 28% f Black students wh attended an institutin with little diversity felt physically unsafe, while 26% felt disrespected and 27% felt psychlgically unsafe.
Managing multiple pririties was anther factr interfering with Black students’ educatin gals. The reprt fund that 22% f Black students verall have caregiving respnsibilities, cmpared t 11% f students in ther racial grups, and 20% f Black students verall have full-time jbs, cmpared t 11% f ther racial grups.
Aside frm discriminatin and the task f managing respnsibilities, the data als acknwledged ther barriers making it difficult fr Black students t cmplete their educatin, including the high csts f attending schl. An April 2022 reprt by The Educatin Trust fund that because Black wmen fall within tw marginalized grups, they make less mney and ften have t takeut mre lans t cver the cst f attending cllege.
4. Which factr can’t lead t the lwer rate f cmpleting educatin amng black students directly?
A. Management f multiple pririties.B. Experiences f discriminatin.
C. The types f certificate r degree prgrams.D. High csts f attending schl.
5. Hw did the researcher draw the cnclusin?
A. By referring t previus studies.
B. By making sme cmparisns.
C. By explaining causes and effects.
D By analyzing respndents’ psychlgy.
6. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Abut 21% f Black students feel discriminated against frequently.
B. Black students feel discriminated mainly due t physical in security.
C. Black students have t take full-time jbs fr lack f access t lans.
D. The black female students may be in the mst disadvantaged psitin.
7. What’s the authr’s attitude twards the phenmenn referred t in the passage?
A. Objective.B. Favrable.C. Critical.D. Cncerned.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲一项研究具体报告了一些导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中“The mst significant factrs cntributing t the lwer rates amng Black students, the study fund, were experiencing acts f discriminatin and managing multiple pririties that can interfere with cmpleting cursewrk. (研究发现，导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素是经历歧视行为和管理可能干扰完成课程的多个优先事项)”和最后一段中“Aside frm discriminatin and the task f managing respnsibilities, the data als acknwledged ther barriers making it difficult fr Black students t cmplete their educatin, including the high csts f attending schl. (除了歧视和管理责任的任务外，数据还承认了其他使黑人学生难以完成学业的障碍，包括高昂的上学成本)”可知，多个优先事项的管理、歧视的经历和上学费用高能直接导致黑人学生完成教育的比率较低，C项“证书或学位课程的类型”无法直接导致黑人学生完成教育的比率较低。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中“21% f Black respndents said they felt discriminated against frequently r ccasinally cmpared t 15% f ther students. (21%的黑人受访者表示，他们经常或偶尔感到受到歧视，而其他学生的这一比例为15%)”和第四段中“The reprt fund that 22% f Black students verall have caregiving respnsibilities, cmpared t 11% f students in ther racial grups, and 20% f Black students verall have full-time jbs, cmpared t 11% f ther racial grups. (报告发现，22%的黑人学生总体上有照顾责任，而其他种族群体的学生只有11%，20%的黑人学生整体上有全职工作，而其他族裔群体的这一比例为11%)”可知，研究人员是通过把黑人学生和其他族裔学生进行对比而得出结论的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中“An April 2022 reprt by The Educatin Trust fund that because Black wmen fall within tw marginalized grups, they make less mney and ften have t takeut mre lans t cver the cst f attending cllege. (教育信托基金会2022年4月的一份报告发现，由于黑人女性属于两个边缘化群体，她们赚的钱更少，而且往往不得不获得更多的贷款来支付上大学的费用)”可知，黑人女性被自己种族群体和其他种族群体所歧视，因而黑人女学生可能处于最不利的地位。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中“The mst significant factrs cntributing t the lwer rates amng Black students, the study fund, were experiencing acts f discriminatin and managing multiple pririties that can interfere with cmpleting cursewrk.(研究发现，导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素是经历歧视行为和管理可能干扰完成课程的多个优先事项)”和下文内容可知，文章主要讲一项研究具体报告了一些导致黑人学生入学率较低的最重要因素，作者并未发表个人见解，可得出作者对文章中提到的现象持客观态度。故选A项。
C
A new study reveals new clues abut the subtle(微妙的) but previusly prly understd evlutinary dance happening between temperatures and changes in the size f animal bdy parts. The new research ffers imprtant insights abut hw birds may adapt t the rapid rise in temperatures driven by glbal climate change.
Fr the study in Nature Cmmunicatins, the researchers lked at nearly 7, 000 species f terrestrial nn migratry birds—which is nearly tw-thirds f all bird species—and fcused n hw bird species has evlved in ambient temperature(温度的梯度) and ther factrs f selectin.
Tw widely accepted “rules” in bilgy indicate that as lcal temperatures change, animals are likely t adjust heat transfer capabilities by changing the size f their bdies and extremities(四肢).
Bilgist Carl Bergmann’s rule states that clder climates spawn bigger bdies because they help keep heat while smaller bdies help shed it. As a result, a plar bear is mre than 2 1/2 times as tall at the shulder as a sun bear frm equatrial regins.
Zlgist Jel Asaph Allen’s rule deals with extremities, such as limbs, ears, and beaks, stating that animals in clder climates tend t have smaller extremities because extremities tend t have mre surface than vlume and are uniquely suited t shed heat. Fr example, arctic hares have evlved shrt legs and ears, whereas desert jackrabbits have evlved very lnglegs and ears.
“The prblem is that everything we knw abut eclgy tells us that changing the size f bdies and extremities can be prblematic,” says lead authr Carls Bter, an assciate prfessr f integrative bilgy at the University f Texas at Austin.
Fr example if bdy size decreases, birds may nt be able t hunt the same fd as their ancestrs. Similarly, if the average size r shape f a bill changes, birds may becme less efficient fragers(觅食者) r have truble prducing typical mating calls.
It is nt surprising that many prir studies have failed t find evidence fr these predictins and that these s-called bilgical rules are currently cntrversial. The new study culd clarify that debate by shwing that althugh the patterns that Bergmann and Allen predicted ccur in the wild, the tw separate mechanisms cmplement each ther.
8. What is the new study abut?
A. The tw rules prpsed by previus researchers.
B. The differences between animals in cld and warm areas.
C. The effect glbal climate change has n animals’ fraging.
D. The way birds evlve in respnse t the rising temperature.
9. What des the underlined wrd “spawn” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. make frB. bring inC. arise frmD. wipeut
10. Accrding t the passage, the birds in the clder areas tend t have .
A. bigger bdies and lnger legs.B. bigger bdies and shrter legs.
C. smaller bdies and lnger legs.D. smaller bdies and shrter legs.
11. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The tw rules with separate mechanisms are cntradictry.
B. The new study cmbines the prir studies and the tw rules.
C. The new study prvides supprting evidence fr the tw rules.
D. The tw rules shw animals change the bdy size t keep heat
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究揭示了在温度和动物身体部位大小变化之间发生的微妙但以前鲜为人知的进化跳跃的新线索。这项新研究为鸟类如何适应全球气候变化导致的气温迅速上升提供了重要的见解。文章对此进行了介绍。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study reveals new clues abut the subtle(微妙的) but previusly prly understd evlutinary dance happening between temperatures and changes in the size f animal bdy parts. The new research ffers imprtant insights abut hw birds may adapt t the rapid rise in temperatures driven by glbal climate change.(一项新的研究揭示了在温度和动物身体部位大小变化之间发生的微妙但以前鲜为人知的进化跳跃的新线索。这项新研究为鸟类如何适应全球气候变化导致的气温迅速上升提供了重要的见解。)”可知，这项新研究是关于鸟类对气温上升的反应。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段第二句“As a result, a plar bear is mre than 2 1/2 times as tall at the shulder as a sun bear frm equatrial regins.(因此，北极熊的肩高是赤道地区马来熊的2.5倍多。)”可知，此处是指较冷的气候会导致更大的动物体型，所以spawn意为“引起，导致”。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Fr example, arctic hares have evlved shrt legs and ears, whereas desert jackrabbits have evlved very lnglegs and ears.(例如，北极野兔进化出了短腿和耳朵，而沙漠大野兔进化出了非常长的腿和耳朵。)”和第四段第二句“As a result, a plar bear is mre than 2 1/2 times as tall at the shulder as a sun bear frm equatrial regins.(因此，北极熊的肩高是赤道地区马来熊的2.5倍多。)”可知，寒冷地区的鸟类往往有更大的身体和更短的腿。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The new study culd clarify that debate by shwing that althugh the patterns that Bergmann and Allen predicted ccur in the wild, the tw separate mechanisms cmplement each ther.(这项新的研究表明，尽管Bergmann和Allen预测的模式在野外也会出现，但这两种不同的机制是互补的，从而澄清了这一争论。)”和第一段“A new study reveals new clues abut the subtle(微妙的) but previusly prly understd evlutinary dance happening between temperatures and changes in the size f animal bdy parts. The new research ffers imprtant insights abut hw birds may adapt t the rapid rise in temperatures driven by glbal climate change.(一项新的研究揭示了在温度和动物身体部位大小变化之间发生的微妙但以前鲜为人知的进化跳跃的新线索。这项新研究为鸟类如何适应全球气候变化导致的气温迅速上升提供了重要的见解。)”可知，这项新研究为这两条规则提供了支持性证据。故选C。
D
U.S. frests culd wrsen glbal warming instead f easing it because they are being destryed by natural disasters and are lsing their ability t absrb planet-warming gases as they get lder, a new Agriculture Department reprt says.
U.S. frests currently absrb 11 percent f U.S carbn emissins, r 150 millin metric tns f carbn a year, equal t the cmbined emissins frm 40 cal pwer plants, the reprt says. It predicts that the ability f frests t absrb carbn will start falling quickly after 2025 and that frests culd emit up t 100 millin metric tns f carbn a year as their emissins frm rtting trees exceed their carbn absrptin. Frests culd becme a “substantial carbn surce” by 2070, the USDA reprt says.
The predictin suggests that the lss f frests as a natural carbn absrber will require the U.S. t cut emissins mre rapidly t reach net zer, said Lynn Riley, a senir manager f climate science at the American Frest Fundatin.
“Ten percent f ur dmestic emissins. That is a really significant prtin,” Riley said. “As we wrk t are ne f the greatest tls at ur dispsal. If we were t lse that, it means the U.S. will cntribute that much mre in emissins.”
The lss f cab n absrptin is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, trnades and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as glbal temperatures rise. The disasters destry frestland, disrupting their ecsystem and decreasing their ability t absrb carbn, Riley said.
Explitatin f frested areas, which the reprt prjects will cntinue t increase, is having the same effect as peple increasingly mve t the s-called wild and urban interface.
The trees’ ability t absrb carbn weakens vertime. Older, mature trees absrb less carbn than yunger trees f the same species, and the U.S. frests are rapidly aging, the reprt fund.
Mre aggressive frest management can help by cutting dwn a small prtin f aging frests t make ways fr yunger trees that absrb mre carbn, Riley said. A thrugh study f each frest shuld be dne befre remving lder trees, Riley said, cmparing frest management t prescribing the prper dugs t a patient.
12. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the passage?
A. Cal pwer plants emit 150 millin metric tns f carbn every year
B. Cutting dwn all lder trees is an effective way t slve the prblem.
C. A new study f frest shuld be cnducted after remving lder trees.
D. Frests are likely t shift frm a carbn absrber t an emissin surce.
13. What can we infer frm what Riley said in paragraph 3 and 4?
A. Frests play a crucial rle in hlding carbn.
B. Frests are n lnger a natural carbn absrber.
C. The U.S makes cntributins t decarbnizatin.
D. Achieving net zer emissins is within easy reach.
14. The fllwing factrs can cause the lss f carbn absrptin EXCEPT .
A. aging frestsB. natural disasters
C. glbal warmingD. develpment f frests
15. What is the best title f the passage?
A. Cutting Carbn Helps Slw Glbal Warming.
B. Glbal Warming Is Becming Wrse Gradually.
C. Frests Are Lsing Their Ability t Hld Carbn.
D. Planting Mre Trees Is at The Tp f The Agenda.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。文章对此进行了详细介绍。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“It predicts that the ability f frests t absrb carbn will start falling quickly after 2025 and that frests culd emit up t 100 millin metric tns f carbn a year as their emissins frm rtting trees exceed their carbn absrptin. Frests culd becme a “substantial carbn surce” by 2070, the USDA reprt says.(它预测，森林吸收碳的能力将在2025年之后开始迅速下降，森林每年可能排放高达1亿吨的碳，因为腐烂的树木排放的碳超过了它们吸收的碳。美国农业部的报告称，到2070年，森林可能成为“重要的碳源”。)”可知，森林很可能从碳吸收器转变为排放源。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第二句““As we wrk t are ne f the greatest tls at ur dispsal. If we were t lse that, it means the U.S. will cntribute that much mre in emissins.”(“在我们努力脱碳的过程中……森林是我们可以利用的最伟大的工具之一。如果我们失去了这一点，这意味着美国将贡献更多的排放。”)”可知，从莱利在第3段和第4段所说的话中可以推断出森林在储存碳方面起着至关重要的作用。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The lss f cab n absrptin is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, trnades and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as glbal temperatures rise.(吸收损失部分是由野火、龙卷风和飓风等自然灾害造成的，随着全球气温上升，这些自然灾害的频率和强度都在增加。)”可知，自然灾害和全球变暖都会引起碳吸收损失，根据第一段“U.S. frests culd wrsen glbal warming instead f easing it because they are being destryed by natural disasters and are lsing their ability t absrb planet-warming gases as they get lder, a new Agriculture Department reprt says.(美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。)”可知，树木老化也会引起碳吸收损失。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“U.S. frests culd wrsen glbal warming instead f easing it because they are being destryed by natural disasters and are lsing their ability t absrb planet-warming gases as they get lder, a new Agriculture Department reprt says.(美国农业部的一份新报告称，美国的森林正在遭受自然灾害的破坏，随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收温室气体的能力，这可能会加剧全球变暖，而不是缓解全球变暖。)”可知，文章主要是讲随着树木的老化，森林正在失去吸收温室气体的能力。故选C。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Wrld Bk Day, als called Wrld Bk and Cpyright Day, falls n April 23rd._____16_____ Reading extensively expses yu t new ideas and knwledge, imprves yur cncentratin and memry, and enhances yur creativity and critical thinking skills.
Despite the imprtance f reading, many students tday dn’t have a gd habit f reading. There are a few reasns fr this: lack f time and mtivatin, abundance f digital distractins and failure t stick t reading. Hwever, these challenges can be vercme with yur cnscius effrts.
First, yu need t make time fr reading by limiting time spent n scial media r ther leisure activities. Start with just 15—30 minutes a day f reading and yu can wrk yur way up t lnger sessins.____17____Many libraries als have digital bk ptins if yu prefer e-readers r audibks.
Secnd, build the habit by scheduling reading time each day and sticking t it.____18____Even just having a regular rutine n certain days f the week, such as reading Mnday t Friday after dinner fr example, can help yu cement(巩固，加强) it as a habit.
Finally, track yur prgress t stay n track. Set mnthly reading gals t achieve and recrd the bks yu read, hw lng the sessins were and any key insights gained. It is a traditinal way t write n a ntebk.____19____.
By making reading a pririty, limiting distractins, setting a regular schedule, and tracking yur prgress, yu can successfully develp the habit f reading.____20____S take the first step t cultivate this imprtant habit tday. Yur future self will surely thank yu fr it.
A. Tday using an app may make it easier t achieve.
B. The gal f the day is t engage peple in reading.
C. Habits are frmed thrugh cnsistency and repetitin.
D Develping a habit f reading is particularly unnecessary.
E. Prtecting the is likely t be the fcus f the day.
F. A lifelng lve f reading will enrich yur life in s many ways.
G. Find bks yu are genuinely interested in t help build mtivatin.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了养成阅读这一良好习惯的几种方式。
【16题详解】
前文“The Wrld Bk Day, als called Wrld Bk and Cpyright Day, falls n April 23rd. ( 4月23日是世界图书日，也称为世界图书和版权日。)”引出世界图书日，空处应承接上文，围绕读书日这一天展开论述，B项“这一天的目标是让人们参与阅读。”符合题意，选项中的the day指代前文中的The Wrld Bk Day。故选B。
【17题详解】
后文“Many libraries als have digital bk ptins if yu prefer e-readers r audibks.(如果你喜欢电子阅读器或有声读物，许多图书馆也有电子书可供选择。)”讲述了可以选择图书馆的电子书，根据句中的als可知，空处应讲述可以选择其他某种图书类型，G项“找一些你真正感兴趣的书来帮助建立（阅读的）动力。”符合题意。故选G。
【18题详解】
本段首句“Secnd, build the habit by scheduling reading time each day and sticking t it.(其次，通过每天安排阅读时间并坚持来促成习惯的养成。)”是段落主旨句，讲述了要每天坚持阅读，养成阅读习惯，空处应承接上文，C项“习惯是通过坚持和重复培养起来的。”符合题意，且选项中的Habits和前文中的habit对应。故选C。
【19题详解】
前文“Set mnthly reading gals t achieve and recrd the bks yu read, hw lng the sessins were and any key insights gained. It is a traditinal way t write n a ntebk.(设定每月的阅读目标，以实现并记录你读过的书、课程时间以及获得的任何关键见解。在笔记本上写是一种传统方式。)”讲述了在笔记本上记录你读过的书、课程时间以及获得的任何关键见解，这是一种传统方式，空处应承接上文，讲述传统之外的其他记录方式，A项“如今，使用应用程序可能会使其更容易实现。”符合题意。故选A。
【20题详解】
后文“S take the first step t cultivate this imprtant habit tday. Yur future self will surely thank yu fr it.(所以，今天就迈出培养这个重要习惯的第一步。你未来的自己一定会为此感谢你。)”呼吁迈出培养阅读习惯的第一步，这将有助于塑造更好的自我，由S可知，空前应讲述这个习惯对读者自身的好处，与后句形成因果关系，F项“终身热爱阅读会在很多方面丰富你的生活。”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The first cable car riginated frm San Francisc. They were invented befre the autmbile in the days when hrse-drawn streetcars were the ppular public transprtatin.
One day, Andrew Hallidie, whse father was the inventr f the wire rpe, witnessed a terrible ____21____ invlving a streetcar fr which it was that ____22____ the idea f the cable railway. He was wandering arund the street when he nticed a hrse struggling t ____23____ the streetcar up Jacksn Street. It’s _____24_____ and was dragged back dwn a hill, passengers and gds _____25_____ ut f the carriage. This scene triggered Hallidie t find a ____26____ way t transprt peple and things.
Back hme, Hallidie ____27____ strands f wire rpes t make wire cables, believing the cables wuld be ____28____ enugh t pull the cable cars. Then he fund smene t help him ____29____ the cars, with difficulty but successfully. He als managed t get the help f William E. Eppelsheimer, a German engineer, wh _____30_____ the first cable car line. Finally, Hallidie btained a frmal _____31_____ frm a lawyer named Benjamin Brks t build a valid system.
August 2, 1873 saw the first trial f the cable car. Originally, Hallidie hired a grip man t perate the car. But after lking dwn the _____32_____ hill, the man refused firmly. Hallidie decided t _____33_____ it by himself frm Jnes Street t Kearney Street by way f Clay Street, knwn as the Clay Street Hill line tday. Abut ne mnth after the test run, the Line pened fr _____34_____ use. Frm then n, ther lines pened in San Francisc as well as in ther U.S cities and cities verseas. Till nw, San Francisc is the nly city where the cable car still _____35_____.
21. A. accidentB. hrseC. quarrelD. game
22. A. remindedB. cnceivedC. recalledD. cnvinced
23. A. catchB. pushC. kickD. pull
24. A. slippedB. slidC. ranD. jumped
25 A. cllapsingB. fallingC. eruptingD. unflding
26. A. wiserB. rugherC. saferD. brader
27. A. twistedB. revisedC. fixedD. divided
28. A. lngB. thickC. rughD. strng
29. A. manufactureB. sellC. designD. advertise
30. A. tk nB. pulled upC. built upD. laid ut
31. A. annuncementB. permissinC. cmmitmentD. appintment
32. A. wideB. steepC. primitiveD. remte
33. A. fetchB. dragC. driveD. direct
34. A. publicB. persnalC. utsideD. external
35. A. hatchesB. refreshesC. peratesD. casts
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Andrew Hallidie因看到一场马拉货车摔倒的事故，迸发了发明电缆车的想法。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，安德鲁·哈利迪（Andrew Hallidie），他的父亲是钢丝绳的发明者，目睹了一场可怕的事故，涉及一辆马车，正是因为这辆马车，电缆轨道的想法应运而生。A. accident事故；B. hrse马；C. quarrel吵架；D. game游戏。由下文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”可知，马车被拖下山，这是发生了一场事故。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，安德鲁·哈利迪（Andrew Hallidie），他的父亲是钢丝绳的发明者，目睹了一场可怕的事故，涉及一辆马车，正是因为这辆马车，电缆轨道的想法应运而生。A. reminded提醒；B. cnceived想出、构想；C. recalled使想起；D. cnvinced说服。由下文“This scene triggered Hallidie t find a ____6____ way t transprt peple and things. (这一幕促使哈利迪去找到一种____6____的方式来运送人和物)”可知，马车被拖下山这一事故使电缆轨道的想法被构想出来。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在街上闲逛时，他注意到一匹马正奋力将马车拉上杰克逊街。A. catch抓住；B. push推；C. kick踢；D. pull拉。与下文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”马车被拖下山相对照，此处在讲马正奋力将马车拉上杰克逊街。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它滑了一滑，被拖下山，乘客和货物从车厢里掉了出来。A. slipped（意外而不自主地）滑落、下降；B. slid（在一个光滑的表面持续地）滑动；C. ran跑步；D. jumped跳跃。由下文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”可知，马应该是滑了一滑，才被拖下山的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它滑了一滑，被拖下山，乘客和货物从车厢里掉了出来。A. cllapsing倒塌；B. falling落（到）；C. erupting爆发；D. unflding展开。由上文“was dragged back dwn a hill (被拖下山)”可知，发生了马车被拖下山的事故，乘客和货物肯定也从车厢里掉了出来，才能体现事故场景。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一幕促使哈利迪找到了一种更安全的方式来运送人和物。A. wiser更聪明的；B. rugher更粗糙的；C. safer更安全的；D. brader更广泛的。由上文语境可知，发生了马车被拖下山的事故，乘客和货物从车厢里掉了出来，这危险的场景使哈利迪想找到一种更安全的方式来运送人和物。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家里，哈利迪把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，相信这些钢缆足够坚固，可以拉动缆车。A. twisted扭转；B. revised修正；C. fixed修理；D. divided分开。由下文“strands f wire rpes t make wire cables”可知，此处指哈利迪把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，去增加钢缆的结实性。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到家里，哈利迪把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，相信这些钢缆足够坚固，可以拉动缆车。A. lng长的；B. thick厚的；C. rugh粗糙的；D. strng坚强的。由上文“strands f wire rpes t make wire cables”可知，把几股钢丝绳拧成钢缆，增加了钢缆的结实性，让钢缆足够坚固以拉动缆车。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他找人帮他设计汽车，虽然困难重重，但还是成功了。A. manufacture生产；B. sell卖；C. design设计；D. advertise做广告。由本处语境和电缆车的发明可知，他找人帮他设计电缆汽车。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他还设法得到了德国工程师William E.Eppelsheimer的帮助，他铺设了第一条缆车线路。A. tk n承担；B. pulled up拔起；C. built up建立；D. laid ut铺开、排列。由电缆车的发明和下文“the first cable car line”可知，此处指铺设第一条电缆车线路。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，哈利迪从一位名叫Benjamin Brks的律师那里获得了建立有效系统的正式许可。A. annuncement宣布；B. permissin许可；C. cmmitment承诺；D. appintment约会。由下文“a lawyer”和“t build a valid system”可知，律师工作内容与法律许可等相关，哈利迪想建立有效的电缆车系统，是需要获得政府许可的。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在看了看陡峭的山坡后，那个人坚决拒绝了。A. wide广泛的；B. steep陡峭的；C. primitive原始的；D. remte遥远的。由下文“the man refused firmly”可知，应该是一个陡峭的山坡，看到害怕，那个人才拒绝的。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈利迪决定自己开车从琼斯街经过克莱街到科尔尼街，今天被称为克莱街希尔线。A. fetch拿来；B. drag拖；C. drive开车；D. direct指示。由上文“the man refused firmly (那个人坚决拒绝了)”和下文“it by himself”可知，雇佣的人看到陡峭的山坡后拒绝试车，最后哈利迪亲自上阵，自己开车。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试运行大约一个月后，该线路向公众开放。A. public公共的；B. persnal个人的；C. utside外面的；D. external外部的。呼应下文“Frm then n, ther lines pened in San Francisc as well as in ther U.S cities and cities verseas. (从那时起，其他线路在旧金山以及美国其他城市和海外城市开通)”其它线路向公众开放，试运行大约一个月后，发现安全性很好，该线路向公众开放。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，旧金山是唯一一个缆车仍在运营的城市。A. hatches孵化；B. refreshes刷新；C. perates使运行；D. casts投射。由上文“The first cable car riginated frm San Francisc. (第一辆缆车起源于旧金山)”和本处语境可知，作为第一辆缆车起源的旧金山，其缆车仍在运营。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Trch festival f the Ethnic minrity
The Trch Festival, the grandest festival f the Yi peple, is held arund the 24th day f the sixth mnth f the lunar calendar. The Yi peple think fire pssesses a superhuman pwer_____36_____can drive away evil and frighten ff ghsts. They have_____37_____a special relatinship with fire that they call themselves the “fire natinality”.
During the festival, trches, 20-30cm _____38_____diameter, a replaced upright in frnt f huses. At the entrance t the villages, a grand “trch twer”, standing mre than 20 metres high and_____39_____(make) f pine branches and dry firewd,_____40_____.(decrate) with fresh flwers and fruits.
At last, with expectatin and wishes_____41_____(cme) the lng-awaited mment. After dinner, as darkness casts its shadw, yung and ld,_____42_____(dress) in their mst ceremnial and splendid cstumes decrated with sparkling rnaments, rush_____43_____(excite) t the “trch twer” square. Cheers and screams f delight burst frm the crwd, while the saring flames brighten the darkness f the night and warm everyne present at the scene.
On such a brilliant and marvelus night, the_____44_____(participate) are verjyed by the grand spectacle and the atmsphere f celebratin. Yung men and wmen sing and dance hand in hand arund the bnfire________45________(express) their gratitude fr a life f plenty and gd wishes fr the cming year.
【答案】36. that##which
37. such 38. in
39. made 40. is decrated
41. cmes 42. dressed
43. excitedly
44. participants
45. t express
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍少数民族火把节。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：彝族认为火具有驱邪驱鬼的神力。此处a superhuman pwer是先行词，指物，在后面的限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【37题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：他们与火有着如此特殊的关系，他们称自己为“火族”。根据句中a special relatinship，可知由such修饰，且such与后面的that构成结果状语从句，such…that…意为“如此……以致于……”。故填such。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：节日期间，直径20-30厘米的火炬被替换为房屋前的立柱 。表示“在直径上”用介词in。故填in。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在村庄的入口处，有一座高大的“火炬塔”，高20多米，由松枝和干木柴制成，上面装饰着鲜花和水果。设空处与a grand “trch twer”之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填made。
【40题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在村庄的入口处，有一座高大的“火炬塔”，高20多米，由松枝和干木柴制成，上面装饰着鲜花和水果。该句在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语a grand “trch twer”为第三人称单数，和谓语动词decrate之间是被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态。故填is decrated。
【41题详解】
考查一般现在时。句意：最后，带着期待和祝福，期待已久的时刻到来了。该句是全部倒装，在描述一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且主语是单数第三人称形式，所以谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填cmes。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：晚饭后，夜幕降临，老老少少穿着最隆重、最华丽的服装，装饰着闪闪发光的饰品，兴奋地涌向“火炬塔”广场。固定短语：be dressed in“穿着……，戴着……”，此处是形容词短语作后置定语。故填dressed。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：晚饭后，夜幕降临，老老少少穿着最隆重、最华丽的服装，装饰着闪闪发光的饰品，兴奋地涌向“火炬塔”广场。此处是副词修饰动词rush。故填excitedly。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在这样一个辉煌而奇妙的夜晚，参加者为这壮观的场面和庆祝的气氛而欣喜若狂。此处用名词复数作主语。故填participants。
【45题详解】
考查不定式作目的状语。句意：青年男女手拉手围着篝火唱歌跳舞，以表达他们对丰饶生活的感激之情和对来年的美好祝愿。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填t express。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你向校报英文版投稿，介绍当下出现的外国人学汉语的热潮的相关情况，内容要点如下：
1.简单介绍该现象；
2.该现象产生的原因。
要求：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editr,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editr,
I am writing t share an interesting trend—an increasing number f freigners are keen n learning the Chinese language. The reasns behind this are bvius.
First, as ur cuntry cntinues t play an increasingly imprtant rle n the wrld stage, mre freigners realize that being able t cmmunicate in Chinese can give them an advantage. Als, the charm f Chinese culture, art, and literature has captured the hearts f many freigners. Learning Chinese allws them t better appreciate and understand thse special things.
Persnally, I firmly believe that as this trend cntinues, it nt nly strengthens cultural exchange but als brings new pprtunities fr internatinal cperatin.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于信函类应用文，要求考生以信函的写作格式给校报英文版投稿，介绍当下出现的汉语热现象，并具体分析其原因。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
越来越多的：an increasing number f→a grwing number f/mre and mre
热衷于：be keen n→be eager fr/be enthusiastic abut
意识到：realize that→be aware that
允许：allw→permit
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I am writing t share an interesting trend—an increasing number f freigners are keen n learning the Chinese language.
拓展句：I am writing t share an interesting trend that an increasing number f freigners are keen n learning the Chinese language.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, as ur cuntry cntinues t play an increasingly imprtant rle n the wrld stage, mre freigners realize that being able t cmmunicate in Chinese can give them an advantage.(使用了as引导时间状语从句、不定式短语作cntinues的宾语、that引导宾语从句、be able t d结构)
【高分句型2】Persnally, I firmly believe that as this trend cntinues, it nt nly strengthens cultural exchange but als brings new pprtunities fr internatinal cperatin.(使用了that引导宾语从句、as引导时间状语从句、nt nly…but als…连接并列结构)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day I gt stuck in the Tube n my way t wrk.
The Tube—that’s what mst peple call it—is Lndn’s undergrund railway system.
It was abut nine 'clck in the mrning, the middle f the rush-hur. Nbdy had expected smething unusual wuld happen later and everyne was ding their usual: a pretty girl gave her byfriend sweet kisses ne after anther. Sitting next t me, a yung wman with a suitcase and a baby tk a scarf ut f her suitcase and made her baby a nest, s that it culd lie mre cmfrtably. In fact, the train had just left Green Park Statin when, instead f speeding up, it started t slw dwn and then came t a stand-still.
Ten minutes passed, thugh it seemed like half a day. the train didn’t mve. Had the railwaymen frgtten all abut ur existence? Had there been a crash n the line in frnt? Hw serius was the breakdwn? We had n means f knwing. Hwever, t anxius peple wh are stuck in the Tube, I suppse it desn’t really matter what it is that has brken dwn. What they care is when they can get ut f the truble.
Twenty minutes passed. All hpe f getting t wrk n time had lng since gne. Had the train really brken dwn? Several peple thught s, but they were wrng. A railwayman at last came dwn the length f the train t tell us that the pwer supply had failed, and that we were nt t wrry as they were wrking t put it right.
We culd nt leave the train, as it had stpped in the tunnel (隧道), nt at a statin. There was nthing else t d. The weak signal disabled cellphnes. Besides, the train was getting ht and stuffy (闷). I even began t wnder if we were ging t stay there fr the rest f the day.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左石：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The hpeless waiting in the darkness drve us crazy.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As a cmmuter (上班族) wh traveled t wrk n the train every day, I thught it my duty t d smething.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The hpeless waiting in the darkness drve us crazy. We culd nt bear the heat inside the train any lnger. Thse standing by the windws attempted t pen them t let in fresh air but ended up in failure. The impatient cmplaints were mixed with angry punches n the wall, which made the baby in the cmfrtable nest burst ut crying.
As a cmmuter wh traveled t wrk n the train every day, I thught it my duty t d smething. Clearing my thrat, I picked up my curage and started a sng fr the baby as well as fr everyne ut there: Twinkle, Twinkle, little star, hw I wnder what yu are…Unexpectedly, my neighbring passengers jined me immediately they heard me. Then, mre and mre passengers jined in the sng. When we finished the sng in chrus, a cheer went up. Because the light flashed and the train mved slwly ff twards the next statin. At the same time, I culd see ur faces lit up.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一天上班途中，火车突然停了下来，车上的人们纷纷猜测发生了什么，二十分钟后，人们终于弄清楚，是火车电源失灵了，正在检修中，因为在隧道里，作者和其他乘客只能呆在又热又闷的火车里，怀疑自己是否会在那里呆一整天。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“黑暗中绝望的等待把我们逼疯了。”可知，第一段可描写作者他们在闷热的火车里很难受，新鲜空气进不来，乘客开始抱怨、焦躁起来。
②由第二段首句内容“作为一个每天坐火车上班的通勤者，我认为做点什么是我的责任。”可知，第二段可描写在这样的不安的情况下，作者唱起小星星，没想到越来越多的乘客加入唱歌，歌唱完，火车灯亮了，火车启动了，人们也露出喜色了。
2.续写线索：等待——抱怨——唱歌——一起唱——火车启动——露出喜色
3.词汇激活
行为类
①等待：waiting in the darkness
②开始唱歌：started a sng
③立即加入我：jined me immediately
④露出喜色：lit up
情绪类
①绝望的：hpeless
②不耐烦的抱怨：The impatient cmplaints
③突然大哭起来：burst ut crying
④一阵欢呼声：a cheer
【点睛】[高分句型1]. The impatient cmplaints were mixed with angry punches n the wall, which made the baby in the cmfrtable nest burst ut crying.（由关系词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Clearing my thrat, I picked up my curage and started a sng fr the baby as well as fr everyne ut there: Twinkle, Twinkle, little star, hw I wnder what yu are…（现在分词短语作状语）
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