人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land优秀达标测试

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Using Language & Other Parts

目标导航jing


重点
词汇
1． vt.　扭伤(关节)n. 扭伤
2． n. 踝；踝关节
3． vi.& vt. (使)淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没
4． vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
5． vi.& vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
6． adj. 同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的n. 男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类
7． n. (尤指餐馆的)就餐者
8． vi.& vt. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽
9． n. 牛排；肉排
10． n. 咽喉；喉咙
11． vt. (用手掌)打、拍n. (用手掌)打、拍；拍击声
12． n. 拳；拳头
13． vt. 抓住；攫取
n. 抓取；抢夺
14． n. 运动；移动
15． vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
16． n. 幸福；福祉；安康；福利
17． vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
18． n. 使用手册；说明书
adj. 用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
19． n. 郊区；城外
20． n. 会员身份；全体会员；会员人数

词汇
拓展
1．bleeding n．流血；失血→ vi.(过去式 ，过去分词 )流血；失血→ n．血；血液
2．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→ n．打断
3．desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→ n．绝望；拼命；铤而走险→ adv.绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地
4．practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→ n．实践；练习
5．obstruction n．阻碍；堵塞；阻塞物→ v．阻挠；阻塞；妨碍
6．tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→ adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地
7．foggy adj.有雾的→ n．雾
重点
词组
1． 帮助某人站起身来
2． 面朝上(朝下)
3． 健康状况不好
4． 有责任做……
5． 袖手旁观；无动于衷




重点
句型
1....listen carefully and don’t .(教材P55)
……仔细听，不要惊慌。
2.After arriving，the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without gave her oxygen...(教材P53)
救援队到达之后，很快就发现了泰勒夫人，然后立刻给她输氧……
3.He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his friends were slapping him on the back.(教材P56)
他这会儿正捂住自己的喉咙，脸涨得通红，他绝望的朋友们正在拍打他的后背。
4.Sitting for long hours every day in an office for several years，Nancy Jones felt that she was getting and decided that she needed to get some exercise.(教材P58)
几年来，南希·琼斯每天都要在办公室里坐很长时间，她觉得自己的身体状况越来越差，于是她决定她需要进行锻炼。
5. when he heard someone screaming from another table.(教材P56)陈伟是北京的一名高中生，当他听到另一张桌子有人在尖叫时，他的晚餐被打断了。


知识点睛jing


原文呈现
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted① 【1】 when he heard someone screaming② from another table.A fellow③ diner④at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking⑤ on some steak⑥.He was now holding his throat⑦ with his face turning red, while his desperate⑧ friends were slapping⑨ him on the back.
【1】画线部分为have sth done结构，表示“使某事被做”，此处过去分词作宾补，表示被动含义。
C Chen wasted no time.He got up and ran to Zhang’s table at once.With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet⑩.Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre.The food was instantly forced⑪ out, and Zhang began to breathe again.Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived.The doctors checked Zhang and made sure that he was fine.They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left 【2】．
【2】本句为复合句。before they left为before引导的时间状语从句；he eat...bites为省略了that的宾语从句，作suggested的宾语，suggested表示“建议”，该宾语从句中使用了虚拟语气，并省略了should。
A Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die，leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive 【3】．To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor，Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre，saving thousands of lives around the world【4】．Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick，practical⑫， and easy.It is so easy, in fact，that almost anyone can learn how.
【3】 【4】均为动词－ing形式作结果状语。
B If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services．Then, make sure that the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak.Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction⑬.If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist.Make a fist⑭ with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach⑮.Grabbing⑯ your fist with your other hand tightly⑰， push up and into his stomach in one motion⑱.Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out.
E Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him.Instead, lay the child face down⑲ on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body，and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again.
D With choking victims, every minute counts.You cannot just stand by⑳ and do nothing.Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school.Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately.Chen later said about the incident，“How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing? We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.”,
课文译文
　　北京的高中生陈伟在吃晚餐时突然听到另一张桌子有人尖叫，就停了下来。餐厅里一位用餐者张涛被牛排噎住了。他这会儿正捂住自己的喉咙，脸涨得通红，他绝望的朋友们正在拍打他的后背。
陈没有浪费时间。他立刻站起来，跑向张涛所在的桌子。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，他帮助张涛站了起来。然后，陈伟站到张涛身后，实施海姆利克急救法。食物立刻被强行排了出来，张涛又开始呼吸了。十分钟后，救护车来了。医生们检查了张涛的身体，确定他没有问题。在离开前，他们建议他吃得更慢一点，更小口一些。
窒息受害者通常只有四分钟的时间就会晕倒，有时会死亡，没有时间等待救护车到来。为了解决这个问题，美国医生亨利·海姆利克于1974年发明了“海姆利克急救法”，挽救了世界上成千上万个生命。海姆利克急救法实施起来快速、实用、简单。事实上，这个急救法操作很简单，几乎所有人都能学会。
如果你看到有人窒息，首先要拨打应急服务电话。然后，确认受害者是真的被噎住了：被噎住的人说不了话。拍拍患者的后背通常会将阻塞物强行排出。如果这个方法不管用，你可以站在他的身后，用双臂环抱住他的腰，实施海姆利克急救法。用一只手握拳，放在他的腹部上方。用另一只手紧握住这个拳头，双手向内上推压腹部。反复实施，直至阻塞物被强行排出为止。
对儿童进行海姆利克式操作法是不提倡的，因为你可能会伤害到他。相反，应让孩子脸朝下趴在你的膝盖上，头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背，直到他能再次呼吸。
对于窒息受害者来说，每一分钟都很重要。你不能只是袖手旁观，什么也不做。幸运的是，陈伟在学校里学了如何进行急救。看到张涛被噎住，他保持冷静，并立即做出反应。陈伟后来谈及这个事件时说：“我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢？我们都属于人类大家庭，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”
知识解析
一.panic v．(使)惊慌 n．惊慌；恐慌 adj.恐慌的...listen carefully and don’t panic.(教材P55)……仔细听，不要惊慌。
【精讲】in a panic　在惊慌中
get into a panic 陷入惊慌
panic about/over sth 对某事物感到恐慌
[名师提醒]　panic是一个不规则动词，它的过去式和过去分词都写成panicked，现在分词写成panicking。
①The gunfire (panic) the little child.
枪炮声让小孩感到恐慌。
②If you are type A, there is no need to .It does not mean you will be infected 100 percent.
如果你是A型血，没有必要恐慌。这不意味着你会百分之百感染。
③She’s in panic about her final exams，because her grade has been slipping down these days.
由于这些天她的成绩一直在下滑，她为期末考试恐慌。
④It’s natural that people will get when faced with unknown things.
面对未知事物人们会恐慌，这是自然的。
二.delay n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟 v．耽误；耽搁；推迟；延期
After arriving，the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without delay gave her oxygen...(教材P53)
救援队到达之后，很快就发现了泰勒夫人，然后立刻给她输氧……
【精讲】delay doing sth　耽误做某事；延缓做某事
without delay 毫不拖延；立即
①There was a ten－day , in delivering my shoes，which should have been received on April 10.
我的鞋递送耽误了十天，本应该是在4月10号收到的。
②Mr Green slipped on the way and got injured，therefore the meeting (delay)．
格林先生在路上滑倒受伤了，因此，会议推迟了。
③A growing number of Olympic teams and athletes called on organizers to or cancel the 2020 Summer Olympics.
越来越多的奥运代表团和运动员呼吁组织者推迟或取消2020年夏季奥运会。
三.interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断
Chen Wei，a high school student in Beijing，had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.(教材P56)陈伟是北京的一名高中生，当他听到另一张桌子有人在尖叫时，他的晚餐被打断了。
【精讲】interruption n．打扰；中断
without interruption 不间断地
[易混辨析]　interrupt与disturb的用法区别
interrupt指“中断；打断；打扰”，主要指打断某人的谈话或活动，使对方停止。
disturb指“打扰；搅乱”，侧重于对行为的干扰或干预，或搅乱正常的状态。
①Sorry to ，but can I make a suggestion?对不起，打断一下，我能提个建议吗？
②Please do not us when we are working.工作的时候请不要打扰我们。
③I managed to work for two hours .我设法连续工作了两个小时。
④ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done.
当你试图完成工作时，被打扰是需要应付的最糟糕的事情之一。
四.desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.(教材P56)他这会儿正捂住自己的喉咙，脸涨得通红，他绝望的朋友们正在拍打他的后背。
【精讲】be desperate for sth　　极想得到……；渴望……
be desperate to do sth 渴望做某事
desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地；极严重地；孤注一掷地
①Stuck in my house, I feel really , but seeing delivery riders outside my window gives me some hope.
被困在家里，我感觉真的很绝望，但从窗外看到了外卖骑手，让我燃起了一丝希望。
②If their kids the support from them, they ought to be the devoted parents.
如果孩子们急需父母的支持，那么父母就应该全身心投入支持孩子。
③The athletes (desperate) want to go to the games, but they also take care of their own personal health.
运动员们都非常想参加运动会，但他们也很重视自己的身体健康。
五.out of shape健康状况不好；身材走样
Sitting for long hours every day in an office for several years，Nancy Jones felt that she was getting out of shape and decided that she needed to get some exercise.(教材P58)
几年来，南希·琼斯每天都要在办公室里坐很长时间，她觉得自己的身体状况越来越差，于是她决定她需要进行锻炼。
【精讲】(1)in shape　在外形上；处于良好状态
in good shape 精神或身体状态好；体力好；处于很好的状态
in poor shape 身体状况不佳；不像样
(2)shape v. 形成；塑造
shape one’s body 塑形
①What do you do when you’re of shape and you want to get back in shape?
当你身体状况不好而想恢复良好状态时，你做什么？
②The pool was the shape of a heart.
游泳池呈心形。
③Many of my older customers do yoga to keep/stay in their fifties.
我的许多老顾客在五十多岁时通过做瑜伽来保持身材。
六. Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.(教材P56)陈伟是北京的一名高中生，当他听到另一张桌子有人在尖叫时，他的晚餐被打断了。
【精讲】本句是一个复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句，句中含有一个have sth done结构。
have sb/sth done　使……被……；某人遭遇……
can’t have sb doing sth 不容忍/不允许某人做某事
have sb do sth 让某人做某事
have sth to do 有某事要做
①Actually，I really hope to and make some English friends in the summer camp.
事实上，我真希望在夏令营提升我的英语并结交一些英国朋友。
②He can’t have the businessman (get) away with cheating people.他无法容忍那个商人欺骗人们却逃脱处罚。
③I have an important meeting (attend)，so I can’t go to watch the match with you tonight.
我有一个重要的会议要参加，因此，今晚我无法和你去看比赛了。
④Remember to to your mom on her birthday.你要记得在你妈妈生日时给她送花。
⑤Unfortunately, he on the street.不幸的是，他的钱包在街上被偷了。


分层练习


题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词
1．Peter has earned not only the trust of his (同事的) workers but also that of his boss.
2．The way that I thought of to solve this problem proves to be (切实可行的)．
3．Rubin suffered a right (脚踝) sprain when she fell off the stairs.
4．Marie held the baby (紧紧地) in her arms.
5．I’m sorry to (打断) you, but there is something important I have to tell you.
6．When the fire broke out in the shop, people ran for the exits, (尖叫)in fear.
7．No argument can (证明……有道理) a war, for once the gun goes off, there is no winner.
8．We are concerned about child (福利)．
9．If you are in the event of getting trapped in ruins during an earthquake, don’t ．
10．When you , you lose blood from your body as a result of injury or illness.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He caught my hand and held it (tight)．
2．Meteorology is a very (practice) science because everyone is concerned about the weather.
3．He (grab)her arm and pulled her out of the path of the car.
4．He (desperate)saw her disappear into the crowd.
5．Each year, more than 2，800 people, mostly children, choke death.
6．She has kept up physical training for several years without (interrupt)．
7．All the young soldiers are ready to (blood) for the country.
8．I still remember that he left Beijing on a (fog) morning.
9．The work was done (manual), not by a machine.
10．I have to figure out its meaning the help of an English translation.

题组B 能力提升练
Ⅲ.选词填空
help sb to one’s feet, face up to, out of shape, sleep in, force out, push up.sum up，be concerned about，go off，keep fit
1．After years of eating excessively, he was terribly ．
2．Under those circumstances he had no choice but to challenge bravely.
3．If they me ，I’ll be homeless.
4．That growing demand will naturally prices over the long term.
5．Luckily, the parents rushed out and the boy immediately.
6．A very loud security alarm immediately just now.
7．He his children’s relationship with other students in the school, so he often calls the teachers.
8．Will you please your views in a few words now?
9．To ，we often take part in physical exercise.
10．Yesterday, few students turned up in the morning, because most ．
Ⅳ.补全句子
1．The teacher suggested that ．老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
2．It is very important for modern young people ．掌握至少两门外语对于当代年轻人来说是很重要的。
3． is his job.收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。
4． ，they all jumped with joy.听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
5． ，you’d better try your best to grasp every opportunity to talk with foreigners.为了提高你的英语口语，你最好尽力抓住每一个与外国人交谈的机会。
6．Yesterday，few players turned up ．昨天，几乎没有球员到场，因为大多数人都睡过头了。
7．This pair of shoes is , and I’ll throw them away.这双鞋走样了，我要把它们扔掉。
8．Remember ．记住，你的每一次努力都很重要。
9．If you see him have a breathing problem， ．如果你看到他有呼吸问题，马上带他去医院。
10．You’d better some ointment ．你最好在伤口上擦些药膏。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Zhang Tao, who was eating at a restaurant，should owe his safety to a fellow diner, Chen Wei.During the dinner, he suddenly 1. (choke) on some steak, while what his friends could do was only slap him on the back 2. (desperate)．Fortunately，Chen had learned 3. to give first aid in school.He remained calm and performed the Heimlich manoeuvre right 4. , thus forcing out the food instantly and 5. (make) Zhang breathe again.
The Heimlich manoeuvre, 6. was created by Henry Heimlich, an American doctor, has saved thousands of lives around the world.7. (do) the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, practical and easy.However, 8. is not recommended to perform it on a small child, as it may hurt him.
With choking victims, every minute counts.So，we shouldn’t stand 9. and do nothing.We are all 10. (human) and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.

题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Mobile－phone makers think they have a solution to slowing sales：smartphones with big displays that fold up like books.
At least five of the world’s leading sellers of phones, including Apple Inc., have sought patents for folding models, which would mark the biggest design change to the flat rectangular(长方形的) slabs that have been common since the dawn of the smartphone era a decade ago.At least two companies—Samsung Electronics Co.and Huawei Technologies Co.—have confirmed plans to release handsets with foldable displays; Huawei is targeting a release for next year.
Smartphone companies see such an innovation as necessary to arrest a sales slowdown tied in part to a lengthening cycle of device replacement.These days，consumers see less of a need to upgrade for incremental annual improvements in software, screen quality and camera capability.
In addition, creating displays that are larger but don’t take up much space in a purse or pocket takes on urgency as service providers roll out next－generation 5G wireless networks, accelerating a boom in consumption of video, virtual reality and other visually engaging media.
But smartphone makers must overcome some challenges, such as developing a device flexible enough to fold in half that doesn’t sacrifice display quality and durability.Other hurdles include supply－chain limitations for the required materials，higher building costs and the ultimate commercial question: Will consumers want these phones?
“It will take several years to persuade consumers that these foldable phone factors will bring you good benefits, a better experience，” said Jusy Hong, a smartphone analyst at IHS Market. “Regardless, the smartphone market has matured, and we need something new.”
1．What’s the purpose of creating the foldable phones?
A．To change the design.
B．To take up less space.
C．To improve screen quality.
D．To promote consumption.
2．What does the author think of the future of foldable phones?
A．They will soon be on sale.
B．There are still a lot of worries.
C．Consumers will surely prefer them.
D．They are similar to books in appearance.
3．What’s the makers’ major concern as for foldable phones?
A．Size. B．Appearance.
C．Flexibility. D．System upgrade.
4．Jusy Hong believes foldable phones to be ________．
A．expected B．more powerful
C．personalized D．more mature
Ⅱ.七选五
How to Do Basic First Aid
Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking, a heart attack, drugs or other medical emergencies. 1 ．
Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. 2 ．Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right.And you can ask about his name, and then about his interests if he knows what has happened.
3 ．You’d better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face.If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴) and gently guide the face upwards to open up his airways.
Perform 30 chest compressions (心肺复苏 ) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. 4 ．And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways，closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.Make sure the person is warm as you wait for medical help.Remove some of your own clothes, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives.However, if the person suffers from heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. 5 ．
A．Instead, try to cool him
B．Remember to stay calm
C．Perform first aid immediately
D．Here are some tips for first aid
E．It is important to take the correct chest compressions
F．In the center of the chest, fold your two hands together first
G．If a person is in a state similar to sleep, he may need checking for breath