2022-2023学年人教版英语七年级下Unit4暑假复习知识点详解与训练
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七年级下Unit4暑假复习知识点详解与训练
一、知识点详解
Section A
- Don't arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。
You must be on time.你必须准时。
1).arrive意为“到达”，是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语。如果需要有宾语，则和at 或 in搭配使用。如：
例：He arrives in Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到北京。
例：I arrive at the airport very early. 我很早就到了机场。
2).arrive late for意为“迟到”，相当于be late for，两者常互相转换。
例：I arrived (was) late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。
【拓展】表示“到达”的词组还有：get to +地点
例：How do you get to the new library? 你是怎样到达新的图书馆？
3).on time“按时；准时”，指按规定或指定的时间做某事；而in time表示“及时”，指不迟到或接近规定的时间做某事。
例：We must arrive there on time.我们必须按时到达那里。
例：At last,we got to the factory in time.最后，我们及时到达了工厂。
2.Don’t run in the hallways. 不要在走廊内乱跑。
此句是祈使句的否定式，表示命令别人不要做某事。祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、劝告或征求对方意见等，其否定形式是在前面加上don’t构成，肯定形式是以动词原形开头。在句首或句尾加上please，使语气变得委婉，如果在句尾加please，要用逗号隔开。
例：Sit down, please. 请坐。
例：Please don’t sit down. 请别坐下。
例：Don’t swim in the river. 别在河里游泳。
3. Sorry,Ms. Clark.
辨析 Mrs.，Miss与Ms. 这三个词都用于女性姓氏前。
Mrs. 意为“夫人；太太”，是指已婚妇女，并且Mrs. 后的姓氏为其丈夫的姓氏；
Miss是“小姐，女士”的意思，指未婚妇女；
Ms. 是“女士”的意思，多指婚姻状况不明确的妇女。
4.Don’t listen to music in class.
in class意为“在课上；在课堂上；上课时”。其反义词为after class（在课下；下课后）。
例：Do you listen to your teacher carefully in class?你在课上认真听老师讲课吗？
【拓展】in the class意为“在这个班”。
例：There are forty students in the class.这个班上有40名学生。
5. Don’t fight.
fight v. 打架，打仗，争吵 其过去式为fought。
例：He often fights with his brother. 他经常和他弟弟打架。
【拓展】fight作“打架，争吵，争斗”讲时，也可作名词；另外，fight作名词还可与have连用。
例：There was a fight between two boys in the hallway just now. 刚才走廊里有两个男孩打架。
例：Did you have a fight?你们吵架了？
6.Can we listen to music outside?我们可以在外面听音乐吗？
out与outside 区别：
out一般只用作副词，意为“出去, 在外面”，其反义词是in， 单独使用时， 不能接宾语，若与一些动词连用，才可接宾语。
例：Please take out your books.
outside可用作介词和副词，意为“在……外面/部”，指在某物体的外侧， 外部，其反义词是inside。
例：Let’s meet outside the school gate.
7.And we always have to wear school uniform. 而且我们必须穿校服。
1).wear是动词，意为“穿着；戴着”。
例：She likes to wear red clothes. 她喜欢穿红色的衣服。
例：She wears a gold ring. 她戴着一个金戒指。
2).have to 意为“不得不；必须”，后面跟动词原形，有人称、数和时态的变化。它表示受客观条件限制不得不去做某事。变疑问句和否定句时，应借助于助动词do或does来完成。如：
例：I have to get up at six o'clock every morning. 每天早晨我必须六点钟起床。
例：Does your sister have to stay at home this afternoon? 你姐姐今天下午必须待在家里吗？
例：You don't have to clean her room. 你不必打扫她的房间。
3).have to与must 的区别：
(1) have to意为“不得不”，强调“客观需要”。
例：They have to wear school uniforms every day.他们每天不得不穿校服。
(2) must 意为“必须”，强调主观上的愿望。
例：It’s late. I must go home now.天晚了。现在我必须要回家。
【拓展】(1)wear表示“穿着、戴着”，为静态，宾语为衣帽等。dress表示“穿上衣服”，为动态，但宾语通常是人，常用于be dressed in。
例：The woman is dressed in a blue coat and big hat.那个女人身上穿着一件蓝色外套，戴着一顶大帽子。
(2)must也表示“必须”，但它强调主观上认为有义务、有必要做某事。
例：We must study hard at school. 在学校里我们必须努力学习。
Section B
1.go out 外出(娱乐)
1).表示参加社交活动，外出交际
例：go out for dinner外出吃饭
例：Mary goes out a lot on Sundays.星期日玛丽应酬非常多。
2). out (adv.) 外出、不在家
例：He often goes out on weekends. 在周末他经常外出。
例：Now my parents are out. 现在我的父母都不在家。
2.practice the guitar练习弹吉他
practice在此处是及物动词，意为“练习，训练”，其后可跟名词、代词或V-ing作宾语。固定词组：practice doing sth.意思是“练习做某事”。
例：I often practice my English in the morning.我常常在早上练习英语。
3.help his mom make breakfast
1).help sb (to)do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,也可用help sb. with sth.意为“帮某人做某事”，with后跟名词或代词。
例：I often help him with/(to)do his lessons。我经常帮他做功课。
2).make breakfast 做早饭
例：Can you make breakfast?你会做早饭吗？
4.There are too many rules! 有太多的规定！
1).too many +可数名词复数 “太多....”
例：There are too many flowers in the garden. 花园里有太多的花了。
2).too much +不可数名词，也可修饰动词 “太多...”
例：I have too much homework this evening. 今天晚上我有太多的家庭作业。
例：He talks too much. 他说得太多。
5.Get up now and make your bed!
make the bed/make one’s bed 整理床铺
例：Bob always makes his bed himself.鲍勃总是自己整理床铺。
例：Can you make the bed? 你会整理床铺吗？
6. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen. 别把脏餐具留在厨房里。
1).leave (v.) 留下、丢下、忘了带
leave sb./sth. + sp. (某地要用介词短语表示) 把某人/物留在某地
例：I sometimes leave the keys at home.我有时把钥匙忘在家里。
2).dirty (adj.) 脏的 反义词： clean干净的
例：Your shoes are very dirty.
7. At school,we have more rules-don’t be noisy,don’t eat in class...在学校，我们有更多的规章制度—不要吵闹，不要在课堂上吃东西…
1).more “更多的” many 和 much 的比较级，既可修饰(Cn.),也可修饰(Un.)
例：She has more books than I.她的书比我的多。
2).noisy (adj.) 吵闹的 反义词: quiet 安静的
noise (Un.) 噪音；喧闹声 make noise 制造噪音
例：Don’t be noisy! Some students are studying now.
例：Don’t make so much noise. Dad is sleeping .
8. I can’t relax either.
1).relax (v.)
(1)不及物动词, “放松；休息” 三单: relaxes
例：He usually relaxes for a day on weekends.他通常周末放松一天。
(2)及物动词, “使放松”
sth. relaxes sb. 某物使某人放松
例：This song relaxes me. 这首歌使我放松。
2)either表示“也”，用于否定句句末，用法与表示肯定或陈述的副词too相似，可用逗号与语句的主题隔开。
例：You like English. I like it, too.你喜欢英语，我也喜欢。
例：My father can’t speak English. My mother can’t (speak it), either.我爸不会讲英语，我妈也不会。
9.Parents and schools are sometimes strict.
be strict (with sb.) (对某人)严格的
例：Our math teacher is very strict.我们的数学老师很严格。
例：Are your parents strict with you?你的父母对你严格吗？
【拓展】be strict in sth.对某事要求严格
例：He is very strict in his work.他对自己的工作非常严格。
10.I have to /must keep my hair short.……我不得不/必须留短发。
keep作动词，意为“使……保持某种状态”，结构为“keep+sb./sth,+adj./介词短语/v.ing”
例：We must keep our classroom clean every day. 我们必须每天保持教室干净。
例：How can you keep the fruit fresh?你是怎样保持水果新鲜的？
11.because I...... learn to play the piano.
“learn to do sth.”，意为“学做某事”。
例：You must learn to drive a car.你必须学开车。
【拓展】(1)learn from sb.意为“向某人学习”。
例：We must learn from Lei Feng.我们必须向雷锋学习。
(2)learn about 获得，了解 ，
例：I want to learn about Chinese culture.我想了解中国文化
二、当堂训练
I.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词。
1.—D________ eat in class.
—S________, Ms. Clark.
2.I’m sorry, I a________ late for school.
3.—Can we bring music players to school?
—No, you c________.
4.He always w________ a uniform at school.
5.I r________ to school, because can’t be l________ for school.
6.There are many ________ (规章制度) at school. And they’re very________ (重要).
7.Can I go ________ (在...前)class or ________ (在...后) class？
8.It’s too ________ (脏) and ________ (吵闹) in that classroom.
9.________ (记住) to ________ (休息) for an hour.
10.________ (跟随) me, you can ________ (学会) it well.
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.It's my ________ (one) day in Beijing.
2.Can we bring music ________ (play) to school?
3.Are there any ________ (rule) at your home?
4.Tom often ________ (fight) with his little sister at home.
5.The girl often comes back early on school ________ (night).
6.Lily has to practice ________ (play) the guitar every evening.
7.It's very cold outside.Please put on ________ (many) clothes.
8.“Please be quiet.No ________ (talk)，” says our teacher.
9.He is late for class, so he goes to the classroom ________ (quiet).
10.Every night, I make a lot of ________ (dream).
III.单项选择。
1.—Does he like ________ music?
—Yes, he does.
A. listening to B. listen to C. listen D. listening
2. We ________ in the classroom.
A. have to quiet B. have quiet C. have to be quiet D. have quiet to
3. I am not happy because there are ________ rules and ________ homework at home.
A. too many, too much B. too much, too many
C. too many, too many D. too much, too much
4. She ________ school every day.
A. doesn’t have to come B. doesn’t has to come
C. doesn’t have to come to D. doesn’t has to come to
5. Schools make rules ________ us students, we must follow ________.
A. help, they B. to help, them C. help, them D to help, they
6. How ________ orange ________ there in the bottle?
A. many; is B. many; are C. much; are D. much; is
7. ________ your homework now. You must see the doctor first.
A. Do B. Don’t do C. Don’t D. Can’t
8. I can’t go out ________ school nights.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
9. It’s raining all day, so my brother ________ stay at home.
A. must B. have to C. must to D. has to
10. —Must I finish my homework right now?
—No, you ________.
A. needn’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. can’t
IV.根据汉语意思翻译句子。
1. 你明天必须早点到。
You ________ ________ ________ tomorrow.
2. 这趟火车总是准时到达火车站。
This train is always ________ _________ the train station ________ _________.
3. 你能不能替我给小孩穿上衣服？
Could you ________ _________ _________ for me?
4. 他今天穿着一件白色T恤衫
He ________ _________ _________ _________ today.
5. 课后我得练习吉他。
I ________ ________ ________ the guitar after class.
6. 我在有课的晚上不能玩电脑游戏，但可以在周末玩。
I _______ play computer games _______ school nights, but I can play _______ _______.
7. 上课不要迟到。
________ ________ ________ for class
8. 你在学校里必须穿校服吗？
________ you ________ ________ ________ a uniform at school?
9.我知道你感觉怎么样。
I know ________ you ________.
答案
I.1.Don’t 2.arrive 3.can’t 4.wears 5.run
6.rules 7.before 8.dirty 9.Remember 10.Follow
II.1.first 2.players 3.rules 4.fights 5.nights
6.playing 7.more 8.talking 9.quietly 10.dreams
III.1-5ACACB 6-10DBCDA
IV.1.must come earlier 2.arrives at on time 3.dress my child
4.wears a white T-shirt 5.have to practice 6.can’t on on weekends
7.Don’t be late 8.Do have to wear 9.how feel
