专题07 语法填空中的单元热点话题预测练- 高二英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019）

这是一份专题07 语法填空中的单元热点话题预测练- 高二英语下学期期末知识点精讲+训练学案（外研版2019），文件包含专题07语法填空中的单元热点话题预测练教师版docx、专题07语法填空中的单元热点话题预测练学生版docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共57页， 欢迎下载使用。

专题07 语法填空中的单元热点话题预测练

【主题运用典型示例】
1
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　China has signed up to the COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access Facility, or COVAX(COVID-19疫苗全球获取基金), as 56. ______ important step 57. ______ (build) a shared community of health for all and honor 58. ______ (it)commitment(承诺) to turn COVID-19 vaccines into a global public good, Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said on Friday.
“Even when China is leading the world with several vaccines in 59. ______ (advance) stages of R&D and with ample production capacity, it still decided to join COVAX, ” Hua said in an online 60. ______ (state)published on the website of the ministry.
“We are taking this concrete step to ensure equitable(公平的) distribution of vaccines, 61. ______ (especial) to developing countries, and hope more capable countries will also join and support COVAX, ” she said, 62. ______ (add) China will also strengthen vaccine cooperation 63. ______ relevant countries through the COVAX network.
The initiative(倡议), led by the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization(全球疫苗和免疫联盟), the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations and the World Health Organization(流行病防范创新联盟和世界卫生组织), aims to fast track the development and manufacture of COVID-19 vaccines in response to the pandemic, and guarantee fair and equitable access for every country and region in the world. It aims to have 2 billion doses available by the end of 2021.
All participating economies, regardless of income levels, will have equal access to a portfolio of vaccines 64. ______ they are available. Participating economies
65. ______ (require)to commit to legally binding agreements and make their upfront payments to the facility by Friday.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻。主要报道了中国政府正式签署文件加入疫苗全球获取基金的事情。
56. 【解析】an。考查冠词。step此处表示泛指, 故用不定冠词, important的第一个音素是元音音素, 故填an.
57. 【解析】to build。考查动词不定式。此处是动词不定式作后置定语。
58. 【解析】its。考查代词。在名词commitment前面应该用形容词性物主代词。
59. 【解析】advanced。考查形容词。此处是形容词作定语, 修饰后面的stages。
60. 【解析】statement。考查名词。由前面的冠词an可以看出, 这里用名词形式。
61. 【解析】especially。考查副词。句意: 尤其对于发展中国家。修饰整个句子用副词。
62. 【解析】adding。考查现在分词。此处是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
63. 【解析】with。考查介词。cooperation with意思是“与……合作”。
64. 【解析】once/if。考查连词。一旦/如果他们可以利用。
65. 【解析】are required。考查动词时态和语态。句意: 参加企业被要求承诺遵守法律并在周五之前把设备预付款拨付到位。
2
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wild China is a six-part nature documentary series on the natural history of China, co-produced by the BBC Natural History Unit and CCTV and 56. __________(film) in high-definition(HD 高清).  
For centuries, tales of magical landscapes and surprising creatures 57. __________(tell) by travelers to China. Chinese civilization is the world’s oldest and today, it’s the largest, with 58. ______over a billion people. It’s home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups and a wide range of traditional lifestyles, often in close 59. _____(partner) to nature.  
Let’s catch a brief glimpse of several great wonders of it.
Land of the Panda
Protected by the Great Wall in the North and fed by the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, China’s eastern heartland is the center of a flourishing civilization 60. __________ spans over 5, 000 years. To outsiders, this is a mysterious land 61. _________(contain) splendid man-made structures and appealing tourist 62. __________ (attract) and it’s home to some of China’s 63. __________(rare) and most charismatic (超凡魅力的)creatures.  
Tides of the Change
This is the area which shows the greatest contrast 64. ______China’s past and it’s future. Today China’s eastern seaboard is home to 700 million people packed into some of the most dazzling hi-tech cities on earth. Yet 65. _________remains hugely important is whether these crowded shores can be enjoyed separately by a wealth of wildlife? A lot more out there for you to explore with your eyes open wide. It’s worth your while!
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一部有关中国自然历史的六集纪录片《野生中国》。
56. 【解析】filmed。考查非谓语动词。句意: 《野生中国》是由英国广播公司(BBC)自然历史部和中央电视台(CCTV)联合制作的一部由六部分组成的关于中国自然历史的以高清晰度拍摄的自然纪录片。分析句子可知, 动词film“拍摄电影”在句子中不作谓语, 与其逻辑主语“Wild China”是被动关系。所以用动词过去分词作状语。故填filmed。
57. 【解析】have been told。考查时态和语态。句意: 几个世纪以来, 到中国旅游的人一直在讲述神奇的风景和令人惊奇的生物。分析句子可知, 主语“tales of magical landscapes and surprising creatures”与谓语tell是被动关系, 所以用被动语态; 根据句意, 表达的意思是“几个世纪以来, 传说和神奇生物一直被讲述”, 所以用现在完成时。故填have been told。
58. 【解析】well。考查副词。句意: 中华文明是世界上最古老的文明, 也是今天规模最大的文明, 拥有远超10亿的人口。根据句意, 表达“远超”的意思。well over“远超”。故填well。
59. 【解析】partnership。考查名词。句意: 这里有50多个不同的民族, 有着广泛的传统生活方式, 通常与大自然有着密切的关系。根据句意, 这里指与自然关系密切。close partnership“关系密切”。故填partnership。
60. 【解析】which/that。考查定语从句。句意: 中国的东部腹地受长城的保护, 受黄河和长江的补给, 是5000多年来繁荣文明的中心。分析句子可知, 从句是定语从句, 修饰先行词civilization, 且从句中缺主语。故填which/that。
61. 【解析】containing。考查非谓语动词。句意: 对外人来说, 这是一片神秘的土地, 有着壮丽的人造建筑和吸引人的旅游景点, 是中国最稀有、最具魅力的生物的家园。分析句子可知, 动词contain不作谓语, 且与其逻辑主语land是主动关系。故填containing。
62. 【解析】attractions。考查名词。句意: 对外人来说, 这是一片神秘的土地, 有着壮丽的人造建筑和吸引人的旅游景点, 是中国最稀有、最具魅力的生物的家园。根据并列连词and连接的structures 提示, 空格处填名词复数形式。故填attractions。
63. 【解析】rarest。考查形容词最高级。句意: 对外人来说, 这是一片神秘的土地, 有着壮丽的人造建筑和吸引人的旅游景点, 是中国最稀有、最具魅力的生物的家园。 根据并列连词and连接的most charismatic提示, 空格处填形容词最高级。故填rarest。
64. 【解析】between。考查介词。句意: 这是中国过去和未来之间反差最大的地区。根据句意, 表达“介于……之间”且有and提示, 故填between。
65. 【解析】what。考查主语从句。句意: 然而, 仍然非常重要的是, 这些拥挤的海岸能否被大量的野生动物单独享受? 分析句子可知, 从句是主语从句, 且从句中缺主语, 根据句意填关系词what。故填what。
3
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Financial Times gave part of my job to a robot named Amy last week. For years I have been making podcast version(播客)of my column, 56. ___________ now I am faced with a tough competition.  
To be fair, Amy does something going for her. She has a great voice, smooth as velvet. Her 57. ___________(two) advantage is that she’s practically free. She is part of a new service from Amazon that turns text 58. speech, costing nearly nothing. Even more 59. ___________(impress) is her speed. Less than two seconds after receiving my 60. ___________(write) text, which means when I just start to read, “Yesterday the Finan. . . ”, she has already finished.  
Yet once I got over my distress and listened to her work, I felt 61. ___________
(good). I know it’s early days for her, but at the moment Amy is no match for me. Listening to her is not like listening to 62. ___________non-English speaker read aloud, but to someone without brain, or heart, or sense of humor. Her 63.
(deliver) is so poor that I don’t even understand. Amy never reads with understanding, never 64. ___________(know)when to pause, and never does irony. She continues to get it wrong.  
Finally, I’m not afraid Amy is about to steal my job. Only people possess human touch. It is the heart-to-heart communication 65. ___________ makes us special, beautiful and irreplaceable.  
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者一开始因为自己的部分工作分给机器人而感到焦虑, 后来在工作中意识到人与人之间的沟通交流是机器人无法替代的后, 不再忧虑的故事。
56. 【解析】but。考查连词。句意: 多年来, 我一直在制作我的栏目的播客, 但是现在, 我面临着一个艰难的竞争。分析句子结构可知, 此处需要一个连词; 再由此空前一句中的关键词“For years”、“have been making”和此空后一句中的关键词“now”、“a tough competition”可知, 前后两句为转折关系。故填but。
57. 【解析】second。考查形容词。前一句讲到她的声音很棒, 表示她的第一个优点。此处指她的第二个优点。此空后是名词, 形容词修饰名词, 因此将数词two变成形容词second。故填second。
58. 【解析】into。考查动词与介词搭配。句意: 她是亚马逊一项新服务的一部分, 这项服务将文本转换为语音, 成本几乎为零。固定短语turn. . . into. . . 意为“把……变成……”。故填into。
59. 【解析】impressive。考查形容词。此空前有more, 比较级结构为: more+形容词, 因此将动词impress变成形容词impressive。故填impressive。
60. 【解析】written。考查形容词。此空修饰名词, 动词write与所修饰的名词text之间是被动关系, 因此变成过去分词written, 作定语修饰名词text。故填written。
61. 【解析】better。考查形容词比较级。Yet表转折关系, 前文提到机器人Amy有很多优点, 现在我克服了忧虑, 因此此处表示我比之前感觉好多了, 应该用形容词比较级。故填better。
62. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处泛指一个不是以英语为母语的人, 用不定冠词; non-English是以辅音音素开头的单词, 因此用a。故填a。
63. 【解析】delivery。考查名词。分析句子可知, “Her_______”在句中作主语, 应该用名词。因此将动词deliver变成名词delivery。故填delivery。 
64. 【解析】knows。考查主谓一致。分析句子可知, and并列三个谓语动作, 时态为一般现在时; 另外句子的主语是Amy, 是第三人称单数, 根据主谓一致原则, 谓语动词也应该用动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填knows。
65. 【解析】that。考查强调句。分析句子结构, 去掉It is 和此空, 剩下的“the heart-to-heart communication makes us special, beautiful and irreplaceable. ”是一个完整的句子, 符合强调句的判定。因此此空考查强调句型: It is+被强调的部分+that+其他。故填that。
4
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　When you don’t have a greenhouse or enough room on the balcony for a few pots, you can still grow 56. ___________(you) a few tasty home-grown tomatoes in hanging baskets and window boxes if you stick to short varieties. I’ve even heard of these being grown by canal-boat 57. ___________(owner) on their cabin(船舱)roof, since they’re short enough to fit under the bridges.  
　　You might have trouble 58. ___________(find) suitable plants later but there’s still time to raise your own form seed if you start straight away. Look for small “tumbling”(下垂的)varieties such 59. ___________ Totem and Gartenperle. If you live in a 60. ___________ (nature) cold area, it’s worth looking out for a unique variety called Sub-Arctic Plenty, which has 61. ___________ similar size and habit but performs better than most in cooler climates.  
　　All of these will make short plants ideal for pots; they can 62. ___________ (place) anywhere with limited space, as long as it’s sheltered and 63. ___________ (sun). What’s more, tumbling tomatoes are very easy 64. ___________ (grow)because they don’t need to have any side shoots removed and 65. ___________ do they need more than a few short sticks for support. Simply water, feed and pick.  
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了为什么西红柿是盆栽的理想选择。
56. 【解析】yourself。考查反身代词。根据句意可知此处表示“你自己”, 故填yourself。
57. 【解析】owners。考查名词的数。空后的their表明此处用可数名词复数, 故填owners。
58. 【解析】finding。考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth. 表示“做某事有困难”, 故填finding。
59. 【解析】as。考查固定短语。根据句意可知此处表示“例如”, such as是固定短语, 表示“例如”, 故填as。
60. 【解析】naturally。考查副词。修饰形容词cold用副词, 故填naturally。
61. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处的size and habit视为一个整体, 为可数名词, 再结合句意可知此处需要用不定冠词表泛指, similar的发音以辅音音素开头, 故填a。
62. 【解析】be placed。考查语态。they与place之间是被动关系, 应该用被动语态, 情态动词can后用动词原形, 故填be placed。
63. 【解析】 sunny。考查形容词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知, 此处缺少形容词作表语, 故填sunny。
64. 【解析】 to grow。考查不定式。此处是be +形容词+不定式结构, 其中不定式使用主动形式表示被动意义, grow与句子的主语tumbling tomatoes构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 但是填to grow, 表示被动意义。
65. 【解析】neither/nor。考查部分倒装。根据前面的“don’t need to”可知此处表示“也不需要”, neither/nor+助动词+主语是一种倒装结构, 表示前面提到的否定情况也适用于后者, 翻译成“也不”, 故填neither/nor。

1
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Space exploration has always been the province of dreams: The human imagination readily soars____1____ human ingenuity struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.
In 1961, when Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, ____2____(have) a dreamlike quality. They resonated with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, ____3____(deliver) by Martin Luther King two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up conflicting with____4____. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic and immediate in its impact. The urge____5____(explore) space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.
When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised-space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no successor. The argument is that funds are tight, and that we have____6____(pressing) problems here on Earth. Among the current anxieties ____7____ the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable (非必需的) luxury—____8____ saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems.
But human ingenuity struggles on NASA is developing a series of robotic probes____9____ will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modern Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic_____10_____(plot) a bottom-up attack on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private space-flight could lie within reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.
2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Thousand Splendid Suns is just a wonderful book. It was written by Khaled Hosseini, ___11___ is also the author of The Kite Runmer. I had read it before Covid-19 broke out, but still I longed ___12___ the right moment to reread it. This year felt the right time, as the women in the book face so many challenges. It was a reminder that despite the pandemic, our lives remain ___13___ (relative) good.
Undoubtedly, the book is my favorite one among the books that I ___14___ (read) so far. It takes you on ___15___ unique journey. You feel like a part of the story and see everything from the perspective of the main characters. You feel their pain and emotion while gaining an understanding of life for women in Afghanistan. It is beyond ___16___ (expect) that some characters’ fates become so miserable. You will always feel how blessed you are, ___17___ (compare) with them. I really forgot about everything else when I was reading ___18___ I just couldn’t wait to pick it up each time. ___19___ (enjoy) it better, I didn’t read it too quickly-it kept the pleasure going for longer. I'm ____20____ (thank) that 2020 gave me that time to read. But, of course, if I had the right to make a choice, I would rather have the pandemic disappear at once than reread the book.
3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ayo deji Ajibola started to train as a lawyer, graduating from the Nigerian Law School. She then decided ____21____(pursue) a career in Human Resources (HR), ____22____(gain) a master’s degree from the London School of Economics & Political Science.
She started her HR career in Phillips Consulting before progressing to a role in the Human Capital Management Group, one of the ____23____(large) energy solutions providers in Africa at that time. From there, she spent five years in GE, ____24____(initial) as GE’s first employee services leader in Nigeria and then as the HR compliance and localisation manager for Sub-Saharan Africa before joining Microsoft. She left Microsoft as ____25____ HR leader in Middle East and Africa’s Multi-Country Cluster. In this role, she worked across 19 diverse ____26____(country).
Deji joined Guinness Nigeria in April 2020 with a lot of experience across several industries and Global companies. Her career has shown her to be a strong partner and ____27____(trust) advisor of other leaders, ____28____ champions the development of talent, a strong advocate for Inclusion and Diversity and the principle of “bringing your whole self to work”.
In an interview with TOBI AWODIPE, she ____29____(talk) about how Guinness Nigeria was driving diversity _____30_____ gender equality.
4
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
AR enhances our experience of the real world with digital information and pictures. During the past few years, it ____31____ (reveal) its power to revolutionize our lives. AR apps and devices are now available as educational aids, which, ____32____ (use) appropriately, allow students to learn in an interactive and engaging way.
One of the greatest benefits of using AR in education so far is that it has brought science to life. Its potential ____33____ (bring) the same life to other subjects is equally promising. For example, in Geography classes, AR might allow students to view amazing natural phenomena ____34____ the limitations of time or place. In History lessons, students could engage with historical ____35____ (figure). Advocates of AR in education also emphasize its usefulness in remote locations, ____36____ students do not have easy access to museums or science exhibitions.
Despite the numerous advantages associated with using AR in education, not everybody ____37____ (convince) that it is a positive development. Critics point out that students are so focused on the 3D display that they don’t attend to the lesson. ____38____ actually once students become accustomed to these 3D projections, they will be able to refocus on the subject at hand.
It is evident that the ____39____ (adopt) of AR technology by educators will be a positive development for all involved. It is early days for the use of this technology but its applications in education seem limitless. It is only when we embrace such innovations in technology _____40_____ we can learn of their full potential and develop them.
5
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human beings previously illustrated their imagination about humanoid robots through art and literature but it is only in the past ten years that these conceptions ___41___ (begin) to take physical form.
In 1 BECH Robotics, a company ___42___ (establish) in Shenzhen, developed a robot model named Wukong —the Chinese name of ___43___ Monkey King from the classic Journey to the West. Wukong robots can imitate human movements like dancing and practicing kungfu. They can even get to ___44___ feet after falling over like a human.
Using their “eyes,” Wukong robots can identify human ___45___ (face) expressions and interact with them accordingly. Wukong robots also have information storage and ___46___ (share) capabilities. They can store large number of picture books. This book-storing capacity, along with their vocal (发声的) capabilities, ___47___ (allow) such robots to read books to children.
In 2016, UBTECH Robotics ___48___ (start) developing its humanoid robot Walker X. Launched in July last year, it can walk at a maximum speed of 3 km per hour. Walker X has realized multiple technical ___49___ (update) and can provide more flexible services.
Compared with ASIMO and Atlas, ____50____ have high costs, UBTECH Robotics has reduced costs by independently developing core components and key technologies that lay the foundation for the commercialization of its products.
6
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Humans take a step closer to “flying cars”
In the 1880s, the first automobile was developed, and about two decades later, the Wright brothers in North Carolina invented the first successful airplane. “Today, the world is closer to ___51___ (combine) those two concepts.” said a Japanese tech company ___52___ completed a manned test flight of a “flying car”.
The company, SkyDrive, said in ___53___ news release on Friday that it ___54___ (complete) a flight test using “the world’s first manned testing machine,” its SD-03model, an electrical vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicle. “The flight time was four minutes.” the company said.
The aircraft has one seat and operates with eight motors and two propellers (螺旋桨). It lifted about 10 ___55___ (foot) into the air and was operated by a pilot, the company said. Tomohiro Fukuzawa, SkyDrive’s chief executive, said that five years ago there were various prototypes (原型) of flying cars, usually with fixed wings. SkyDrive’s product, he said, was one of the most smallest in size and was lighter ___56___ (compare) with other designs.
___57___ (safe) is one of two challenges preventing the technology from becoming ___58___ (wide) used, said Derya Aksaray, an assistant professor of aerospace engineering and mechanics at the University of Minnesota. “Now, safe autonomous technology for eVTOL aircraft ___59___ (develop).” Aksaray said, “The other challenge is design—the vehicles should be powerful enough to carry any necessary weight, yet quiet enough to fly ___60___ undetermined low altitudes.”

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A comprehensive exhibition on Su Shi, a Chinese culture symbol person living in the 11th century, opened at China’s Palace Museum on September 1st 2020.
A total of 78 pieces or sets of exquisite works were ___61___ display at the exhibition, ___62___(cover)calligraphy, paintings, epigraphy rubbings, objects, documents and rare texts. In addition to extensive works by Sue ___63___(he), some exhibits were by his mentors and close friends, and others ___64___(create)in later times by artists to pay tribute to him.
Also known as Su Dongpo, Su Shi has ___65___(remark)achievements in poetry, painting and calligraphy. He was also known for his ___66___(optimistic)and open-mindedness in the face of setbacks in his political career, ___67___ informed his works of art and has become a great inspiration for the following generations in China.
Palace Museum reopened on May 1st after ___68___ 3-month closure due to the COVID-19. However, visitors still need to make online reservation, have their body temperatures ___69___(check)before entering, wear face masks ____70____ practice social distancing in the exhibition halls, according to the museum.
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Many students want to find friends on the Internet as a way of practicing their language skills and learning ____71____ different cultures. With the Internet, finding friends has been much ____72____(easy) and such relationship is called key pals. However, you should take care when ____73____(find) friends on the Internet.
First, look for reviews of your chosen sites ____74____(know) more about other students’ experiences. Don’t join service until your research ____75____. Then, you’d better use a nickname, rather than your real name to protect ____76____(you), and never give personal ____77____(inform) to anyone, your home address, phone number and birthday ____78____(include). What’s more, you should stop contact with others if you feel uncomfortable with the topics of conversation. Meanwhile, it’s best to ask appropriate questions to learn someone’s personal experience, ____79____may help you understand ____80____whole culture. Most importantly, tell your teachers, parents or even the police if a problem arises.
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Imagine living and working deep in the ocean. For some people, this idea might sound a little frightening. Others are fascinated by the chance to experience a mysterious world ____81____ so few humans get to see first-hand. Aquarius Reef Base owned by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is an undersea laboratory and habitat ____82____ (locate) about 4.5 miles off the coast of Key Largo, Florida. It sits in a sandy area near a coral reef, about 60 feet ____83____ the ocean’s surface.
____84____ (measure) about 43 feet long and 9 feet wide, Aquarius is large enough to be equipped with many comforts of home. Since 1993, more than 115 missions ____85____ (complete) on Aquarius!
One of the greatest benefits to scientists is that they do not need to surface ____86____ (regular). The goals of the undersea scientists are ____87____ (vary). One thing they have in common is that the scientists are longing ____88____ (learn) about and protect the oceans. Aquarius’s closeness to a coral reef offers scientists ____89____ up-close look at this amazing habitat. Scientists can perform experiments, keep careful ____90____ (observe) of marine life and take samples that allow them to better understand the reefs and their role in under water ecosystems.
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One day,Vinod Menon,head of the physics department at City College of New York,was going through his office mails.He opened a box,only ____91____(find)$180,000 with a nameless letter and a return address.Having never seen so much money,he was too shocked to know what to do with it.
City College of New York is one of ____92____(productive) public university systems in the United States,and the physics department has played a key role.Three Nobel Prize winners in physics received their education there,and in 1921 Albert Einstein gave one of his first lectures ____93____ campus.
“____94____(suppose) that you are a bit curious as to why I am doing this,the reason is simple,” the letter read.It continued to explain that many years before,its generous writer ____95____(take) advantage of the excellent educational opportunity,available at City College to study physics,earn a master’s degree,and do a long,productive,well-rewarding scientific job.The sender wished to offer the money to poor students learning physics and ____96____ sciences.
The return address was to a house in Pensacola,Florida ____97____ owners had no idea of the money.The money ____98____(put) aside at first,but after ____99____ two-month-long research which had found nothing that could link it to ____100____(activity) which are not lawful,the leaders of the college decided to keep and make good use of the money.
Dr.Menon,who grew up in India,noted that the gift would provide for two fully-funded scholarships（全额奖学金）every year for ten years,and that he would try to see it go into the hands of the students who had the fewest means-such as immigrants（移民）like him.
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Ethiopia has broken the world record for the largest number of trees ____101____(plant) in one day, while simultaneously (同时)____102____(make) the world a little greener. Ethiopians planted more than 350 million trees in just 12 hours earlier this week. This broke the previous record, held by India, by 50 million trees. Ethiopia’s Minister of Innovation and Technology ____103____(proud) stated that people had planted 353,633,660 trees ____104____ (help) the environment. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, ____105____took part in the tree planting festivities, congratulated everyone involved in the record   ____106____what they had achieved.
Ethiopia’s record-breaking ____107____(achieve) is part of a wider plan of planting 4 billion trees between May and October. The country is well on its way to achieving this goal. So far, ____108____(volunteer), businesses and government workers have planted more than 2.6 billion trees nationwide. Ethiopia is attempting to reverse (彻底转变) the cutting down of its forests. The Farm Africa organization reports that less than 4 per cent of Ethiopia’s land is forested. This is down from 30 per cent at   ____109____end of the 19th century. A recent study reported that planting billions of trees was the cheapest and most effective way to absorb carbon dioxide as well as other ____110____(harm) gases and thus help to fight global warming.
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Giant Amazonian lily pads(睡莲叶) are the world’s largest and strongest floating plants and the giant Amazonian water lily has long fascinated scientists, architects and artists for____111____(it) beauty and sheer size. Yet how the lily’s leaves are able to grow as large as 10 feet across, strong enough to support the____112____(weigh) of a small child,____113____(remain) a mystery—till now. “____114____we showed through our experiments and modeling was that these leaves are uniquely strong and have great opportunities____115____(enable) them to grow really big,” says Thorogood, from a team of British and French scientists. In fact, the giant lily____116____(discover) by British explorers in South America in 1801 and symbolized the British Empire. But it became more than____117____symbol as botanists repeatedly attempted to grow it at home. The British gardener and architect Joseph Paxton was the first to____118____ (success) grow the giant water lily. It inspired his design of the Crystal Palace, a London landmark of cast iron and glass that was built for the Great Exhibition of 1851. “Nature was the engineer,” Paxton said. “Nature has provided the leaf____119____special structures and supports that I,____120____(borrow) from it, have adopted in this building.”
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The spider monkey has long, thin arms with hook-like hands that allow it ___121___ (swing) through the trees. It has a prehensile(缠绕项) tail, which means it can grasp and can be used like, a ___122___ (five) leg to grab trees. During the day, the spider monkey searches for fruits, which make ___123___ the main part of its diet. They will also eat flowers, seeds, leaves, and small insects during the dry season ___124___ fruits aren’t available. They spend most of the daylight hours climbing and swinging through the high branches of trees.
The brown-headed spider monkey lives in a large community of about 20 to 100 male and female monkeys. Females ___125___ (normal) give birth to only a single baby each year or two. Young monkeys are carried on their mothers’ ___126___ (stomach) until about 16 weeks old. Then they are strong enough to ride on their mothers’ backs. Spider monkeys hug each other and wrap their tails around each other. They are very ___127___ (intelligence) and have strong memories. They are named spider monkeys ___128___ they look like spiders as they hang upside down from their tails with their arms and legs swinging.
Now hunting the brown-headed spider monkey ___129___ (forbid) in Ecuador, ___130___ country in northwestern South America, but humans have killed them for their meat for hundreds of years.
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Valuing and Protecting the Great Outdoors
Anyone that is keen on getting out into nature knows that the untouched beauty of the outdoors will only remain that way if people respect the environments they visit.
____131____ (ensure) that this happens, the Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics has come up with a framework of seven principles for people to follow. These principles can be applied ____132____ one is hiking to a remote campsite or enjoying a local park.
The Leave No Trace principles offer guidelines for ____133____ people can leave a minimal impact in the areas they explore. While most relate to correct behavior for when people are outdoors, the first principle is about planning ahead. ____134____ you head out on an adventure, preparation is essential. Adequate planning helps keep you and your group safe. A little research will also give you a basic understanding of the environment you ____135____ (visit).
The other rules to follow when you are outdoors are quite simple. You should always walk on proper trails and stay at ____136____ (mark) campsites. Everything you bring with you into an area needs ____137____ (bring) back out. Of course, this means trash like plastic bags and bottles, but it also includes leftovers and food scraps. Further, when you leave a nature area, you should leave what you find. That is, don’t take ____138____ from the trail like flowers or rocks with you.
You should also minimize campfires. It is actually best to carry a portable stove when you go camping. If you are making fires, it is vital that you make sure the fire is out   before     you   leave.     The   last   two     principles   are ____139____ respect and consideration. Respect any wildlife in the area; you're in their home. Finally, be courteous (谦恭的) towards anyone else you meet and think of how your actions _____140_____ affect others that are enjoying the outdoors alongside you.
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Wang Tianchang and his family moved into the Gobi Desert 22 years ago. They have been fighting with the desert ever since, ___141___ (become) a symbol of China’s anti-desertification (防治荒漠化) campaign.
As ___142___ native of Gansu Province, Wang grew up with the Gobi Desert. In 1998, Wang’s family moved into the desert. They started planting bushes (灌木). To fund their efforts, they sold most of their farm animals and there were only 6 sheep left to support themselves. To make matters ___143___ (bad), the trees they had planted in the first two years ___144___ (blow) away by strong winds, because they weren't familiar with the environment. Then they learned that adaptable grasses were ideal for holding down the sand. A bush ___145___ (know) as the sweet-vetch has an 80 percent survival rate even in severe desert conditions, ___146___ has become a key part of the Wang’s efforts.
Now, although Wang is suffering from serious health ___147___ (problem) and is in his late 70s, he has no plans   ___148___ (quit) his mission. His efforts have not gone unnoticed and have won several honors for his contributions ___149___ local greening. The Chinese government not only appointed (委任) Wang Tianchang and his sons as forest ranchers (大农场主), but also started funding their work. The family’s home is now surrounded by a ___150___ (beauty) vegetable garden, proving that land can in fact be transformed from the desert.
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To ease social distancing and reduce health risks ___151___ ( link) to in-person learning, school administrators in many places are getting ___152___ (create) about finding more spaces.
In the United States, ___153___ number of schools are establishing outdoor classrooms and making use of other empty spaces, like museums. In normal times, ___154___ (marry) take place at a large convention center in Hesston, Kansas. Businesses hold training programs for workers at the convention center. But the building ___155___ (use) as a schoolhouse for middle school students during the last months.
Megan Kohlman teaches literature and writing inside one of the rooms, with only a thin piece of plastic ___156___ (separate) her class from a math teacher’s space. For Kohlman, this class is an improvement from distance learning last spring. “Everyone just ___157___ ( honest) believes in the power of having kids with us as much as we can, ” Kohlman said.
Some education leaders say they wish more schools would consider different solutions ___158___ learning. Joseph Allen is an associate professor at the Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health in Massachusetts, ___159___ believes that more innovation is needed in how schools work.
“As for schooling, we seem to be stuck in this closed mindset where it is either in schools ___160___ it is not going to happen, ” Allen said.
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With the development of science and technology, our life is becoming much better and more convenient. However, more garbage and pollution____161____(produce) at the same time, which____162____(lay) a heavy burden on our environment.____163____is known to all, environment plays a vital role in our daily life. In response to the severe situation, we should take effective____164____(measure) to protect the planet where we coexist. It is suggested that we should sort waste____165____(relieve) the situation.
Garbage classification, which is a good way to protect our environment, can’t be overemphasized. It can help separate recyclable waste, which can be____166____(full) used to help save the resources____167____a large degree. Not only can we make our environment clean and beautiful, but also recyclable waste can be made good use of to benefit us in return.
As garbage classification is significant, we should take____168____active part in putting it into practice. It’s a must for____169____(we) to learn to sort waste. It is the little things we do today that have a profound influence on the planet. Only if all of us make joint efforts can we make a big____170____(different) and have a good environment.
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The plum tree (梅树) is native to China, mainly growing in Suzhou, Shanghai and Hangzhou, with the biggest plum garden in Wuxi. The plum tree ____171____ (normal) flowers in late winter during January and February when the land is pale in color. It is regarded as one of the Three Friends of Winter along ____172____ the bamboo and the pine tree (松树). Because its flowers emerge before its leaves and ____173____ takes a long time to come into flower, the tree, often shown with a crane (仙鹤), ____174____ (link) with long life. The plum tree can grow to 4-10 meters tall and its flowers in bright colors of red, pink and yellow have a refreshing smell. The plum flower has long been recommended as one of China’s ____175____ (nation) flowers, the symbol of strength and humbleness with the courage ____176____ (stand) against the undesirable trends. And above all, it is a messenger (报信者) for spring and ____177____ (bring) hope for a better season ahead.
The Daoist philosopher Laozi is said to have been born beneath a plum tree, ____178____has been a popular subject for poetry for ____179____ (century). The Song poet Lin Bu is said to have spent his spare time _____180_____ (feed) cranes and planting plum trees near West Lake in Hangzhou.
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Olympic and Paralympic medals for the 32nd Tokyo Olympic Games were made ____181____ recycled mobile phones. The Japanese government asked for the donation of old phones to gather two tons of gold, silver and bronze for the 5000 medals. Olympic host cities had ____182____ (traditional) obtained the metal from mining firms. But Japan, ____183____ lacked its own mineral resources, took the theme of a sustainable (可持续的) future ____184____ (seriously) than others.
“A project ____185____ (allow) the people of Japan to take part in creating the medals is really good,” said Tokyo 2020 sports ____186____ (direct) Koji Murofushi. “There’s a limit on the resources of ____187____ (we) earth, so recycling these things will cause us ____188____ (think) about the environment.” Collection boxes were placed in local offices and telecoms stores and they remained there until the required metal ____189____ (collect). Members of Japan’s Olympic organizing committee put forward the idea to government officials and companies earlier and won supports from both sides.
As _____190_____ result, the metals hanging around Olympic winners’ necks carried more connotations (内涵). All these memories, once stored in smart phones, would take the round shape of an Olympic medal.
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Hippopotamuses (河马) are large, round, water-loving animals that are native ___191___ Africa. The word “hippopotamus” comes from the Greek word for “water horse” or “river horse, ”although hippos and horses aren’t ___192___ (close) related. The closest living relatives to hippos are pigs, whales and dolphins.
Common hippos, ___193___ are also known as river hippos, are the third ___194___ (large) living land mammals, after elephants and white rhinos. They grow to between 3. 3 ___195___ 5 meters long and up to 1. 6 meters tall at the shoulder. The average female weighs around 1, 400 kilograms, while males weigh 1, 600 to 4, 500 kilograms.
Common hippos live in sub-Saharan Africa. They live in areas with abundant water and___196___ (keep) their skin cool and wet, they spend most of their time underwater. ___197___(consider) amphibious (两栖的) animals, hippos spend up to 16 hours per day in the water.
Hippos have a healthy and mostly herbivorous (食草的) appetite. Adults eat about 35 kilograms of grass each night, ___198___ (travel) up to 10 kilometers in a night to get their fill. They also eat fruit that they find during the night. Although hippos___199___ (believe) to be only herbivorous in a 2015 study published in the journal Mammal Review, scientists reported that hippos occasionally feed on the ___200___(body)of dead animals, including other hippos.