精品解析：重庆市实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2022-2023学年上期

高2021级期末英语试题

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where are the speakers?

A. On a ship.                    B. In a store.                    C. At the airport.

2. How can the man get into the library?

A. Through the front door.        B. Through the side door.        C. By taking a lift.

3. What will the speakers do first?

A. Go hiking.                    B. Put up their tent.                C. Go fishing.

4 What will the man do this afternoon?

A. Have lunch with the woman.    B. Finish his report.                C. Make a schedule.

5. What do we know about the woman?

A. She has failed her exam.        B. She has broken her glasses.    C. She regretted losing her temper.

第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What are the two speakers doing?

A. Heading for a shop.            B. Choosing items in a store.        C. Waiting in a checkout line.

7. What is on sale?

A. Pepper.                    B. Canned soup.                C. Toilet paper.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Where will the exhibition be held?

A. In Florida.                    B. On Guanyinshan Beach.        C. In Shanghai.

9. When will the speakers go to the exhibition?

A. This Saturday.                B. This Sunday.                C. Next Tuesday.

10. What do we know about the man?

A. He’s never flown a kite before.

B. He is uninterested in the festival.

C He was in Shanghai two months ago.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. Who lives upstairs in the apartment?

A. A writer.                B. An old couple.                C. An old couple’s son.

12. How much will the woman pay per month to rent the apartment?

A. $800.                    B. $750.                        C. $50.

13. Which of the following is NOT included in the rent?

A. Gas.                    B. Electricity.                    C. Maintenance fee.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What’s the woman’s dinner for?

A. Welcoming a friend back.

B. Celebrating a birthday.

C. Giving a friend a send-off.

15. What’s the Korean restaurant like?

A. The food is terrible.

B. The service isn’t good.

C. The food is overpriced.

16. What do we know about the restaurant in Chinatown?

A. It offers excellent service.

B. It only serves hot pot.

C. It’s popular among diners.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What’s the speaker’s main topic?

A. How to sleep better.

B. How sleep benefits people.

C. How much sleep we need.

18. Which is the recommended amount of sleep for adults?

A. Six to eight hours per day.

B. Seven to nine hours per day.

C. Six to nine hours per day.

19. What tends to happen to people if they sleep for over nine hours?

A. They’ll feel extremely tired.

B. They’ll have a higher risk of death.

C. They’ll want to sleep longer.

20. Which is a risk factor associated with seemingly long sleep?

A. Mental illnesses.            B. Strange sleep habits.            C. Poor sleep quality.

第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文。从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

Attractions for Kids with Dinosaur Fever

While there are plenty of movies and books that can teach your little one all about dinosaurs, the following children’s attractions will allow them to come face-to-face with their favorite dinosaurs and learn in an interactive, fun environment.

1. Dinosaurs Alive at Cedar Point

Sandusky, OH

See the “age of dinosaurs” come to life with interactive exhibits based on real fossil evidence. At the Dinosaurs Alive section of Cedar Point park, visitors can walk among more than 50 life-sized dinosaurs which move and roar. See these gigantic lizards (蜥蜴) up close and learn more about the most fearsome period of the earth’s history.

2. The Chicago Children’s Museum

Chicago, IL

The Chicago Children’s Museum is filled with plenty of activities for kids of all ages, but one of the coolest has to be the Dinosaur Exhibition. At this exhibit, children can spend time digging for dinosaur bones at an excavation (挖掘) site, looking at dinosaur fossils, and learning what life is like for real archaeologists (考古学家).

3. Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Pittsburgh, PA

In addition to plenty of exhibits about wildlife, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History has one of the finest dinosaur fossil collections in the world. Visitors can see experts work with real dinosaur fossils in the PaleoLab. Make sure to snap a photo in front of Dippy, the scarf-loving dinosaur guarding the front of the museum!

4. The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis

Indianapolis, IN

From the dinosaurs exploding out of the side of the building to the fossils within, the Children’s Museum of Indianapolis is filled with fun things to do. Kids can touch a real T-rex bone and see reconstructed dinosaur skeletons up close.

1. Who are the attractions mainly intended for?

A. Children. B. Parents. C. Archaeologists. D. Volunteers.

2. In which museum can visitors dig for dinosaur bones?

A. Dinosaurs Alive at Cedar Point. B. The Chicago Children’s Museum.

C. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. D. The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis.

3. What are visitors advised to do in Pittsburgh, PA?

A. Touch a real T- rex bone. B. Take a photo in front of Dippy.

C. See reconstructed dinosaur skeletons. D. See experts work with fake dinosaur fossils.

【答案】1. A    2. B    3. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个与恐龙有关的旅游景点。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“the following children’s attractions will allow them to come face-to-face with their favorite dinosaurs(下面的景点将让孩子们与他们最喜欢的恐龙面对面)”可知，文章介绍的这些景点主要是为孩子们准备的。故选A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“At this exhibit, children can spend time digging for dinosaur bones at an excavation site(在这个展览中，孩子们可以花时间在挖掘现场挖掘恐龙骨头)”可知，在芝加哥儿童博物馆中，游客们可以挖掘出恐龙的遗骨。故选B。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Make sure to snap a photo in front of Dippy(一定要在Dippy面前照张相)”可知，当游览位于匹兹堡的卡内基自然历史博物馆时，作者建议游客们在名为Dippy的恐龙化石前拍照。故选B。

B

Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she’s been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.

The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated(截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.

To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geo­tag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.

Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking spectacular pictures in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well ­known locations written on her artificial leg.

“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalkboard,” Gallagher said. “My mum and grandmother weren’t too keen on the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did.”

Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback. “My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do,” she said. “I don’t know if it’s my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, but regardless, I’ve been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”

Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.

4. What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way?

A. She enjoys her traveling across the globe.

B. She suffers little from her leg amputation.

C. She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.

D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.

5. What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The Continent. B. The pictures.

C. The leg. D. The locations.

6. Gallagher can best be described as ________．

A. helpful and ambitious B. friendly and generous

C. determined and creative D. independent and sensible

7. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Never Too Late to Share B. A Special Artificial Leg

C. An Outstanding Photographer D. Gallagher’s Summer Holidays

【答案】4. C    5. B    6. C    7. B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，坚持环球旅行，并在拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.（虽然截肢在早期给Gallagher带来了挫折，但她现在认为这无异于激励她过上最好的生活。）”可知，Gallagher 把挫折当做了一种激励。所以Gallagher想以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运，故选C项。

【5题详解】

指代猜测题。根据第四段“Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam, relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking spectacular pictures in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest, all with the well known locations written on her artificial leg.（现在，她一直在拍摄横跨欧洲大陆的照片，这些照片显示她在阿姆斯特丹的运河上骑自行车，在俯瞰巴塞罗那市的墙上放松，在布鲁塞尔与华夫饼合影，在雅典拍摄壮观的照片，并在布达佩斯享受河上游船，所有这些都写在她的假腿上。）”可知，此句中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词pictures。故推知which指代“照片”。故选B项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第六段““My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing anything I’ve wanted to do,” she said.（她说：“我的腿并没有阻止我做任何我想做的事情”。）”可知，Gallagher是个坚定果断的人。根据第三段“To spread that message, Gallagher has taken to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the globe, but instead of simply using a geotag, she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.（为了传播这一信息，Gallagher已经在社交媒体上分享了她在世界各地旅行的照片，但她没有简单地使用地理标签，而是在拍照之前在她的假腿上写下了她的位置。）”可知，她在假肢上写位置的行为很有创造性。故Gallagher是个坚定并有创造力的人，故选C项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.（Gallagher向我们表明，你永远不应该让任何事情阻碍你的梦想。如果生活给了你一条假腿，那就做艺术吧。）”可知，文章主要讲述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，坚持环球旅行，并创造性地在拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的截肢看作是另一种形式的幸运。故文章的标题应是：一条特殊的假腿，故选B项。

C

Fish cats are a kind of cats that love water and love to fish. They are like tigers and lions, only much smaller, around twice the size of our average pet cats. They live in wetlands of South Asia and mangrove forests(红树林)of South and Southeast Asia. Like many endangered species, fish cats were in danger of dying out more than twenty years ago, mainly because of the great international need for fish food and the people s cutting of the mangroves at an extremely fast speed.

Mangroves of Southeast Asia are home to a great many fantastic species, like fish cats, turtles, shorebirds and others. Mangroves can protect soil, and they can be the first line of protection between storms, tsunamis and the millions of people who live next to them. The fact is that mangroves can store almost five to ten times more CO2 than other forests. So protecting mangroves may well be like protecting five to ten times more of other forests.

Ten years ago, in South India, many people came together to change the future of their home. In less than 10 years, with international support, the state forest departments and the local people worked together to restore over 20,000 acres of unproductive fish and shrimp farms back into mangroves. Now experts are working with them in helping study and protecting the mangroves as well as the species living in them. Fish and shrimp farmers are now willing to work with experts to test the harvest of nature protection like fishes, turtles and other species in mangroves. The local farmers are encouraged to protect and plant mangroves where they have been lost. A win win-win for fish cats, local people and the global ecosystem(生态系统)is being built.

8. What made the fish cats endangered?

A Being too large and need for fish food. B. Cutting of mangroves and lack of water.

C. Less fish and overcutting of mangroves. D. Natural enemies and environment pollution.

9. Why are mangroves so important?

A. They can prevent extreme weather. B. They are perfect home to all species.

C. They can take in more CO2 effectively. D. They help plants grow better on the soil.

10. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Work in protecting shrimps. B. Efforts to protect the mangroves.

C. Ways of turning farms into forests. D. Changes of South India in I0 years.

11 Which of the following could be the best title for the text?

A. Man and Nature B. Ways to Protect Fish Cats

C. The Restoration of Wetlands D. Fish Cats and Mangroves Protection

【答案】8. C    9. C    10. B    11. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了需要被保护的濒危的鱼猫、对于人类十分重要的红树林以及南印度为形成鱼猫——当地居民——生态系统三赢格局所作出的努力。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Like many endangered species, fish cats were in danger of dying out more than twenty years ago, mainly because of the great international need for fish food and the people's cutting of the mangroves at an extremely fast speed.(许多濒危物种一样，鱼猫在二十多年前就面临灭绝的危险，主要原因是国际上对鱼类食物的巨大需求以及人们以极快的速度砍伐红树林)”可知，鱼猫濒临灭绝的原因是鱼类供不应求和红树林的过度砍伐。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“The fact is that mangroves can store almost five to ten times more CO2 than other forests. So protecting mangroves may well be like protecting five to ten times more of other forests.(事实上，红树林能储存的二氧化碳几乎是其他森林的五到十倍。因此，保护红树林很可能就像保护其他森林的5到10倍)”可知，红树林重要的原因在可以吸收更多的二氧化碳。故选C。

【10题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Ten years ago, in South India, many people came together to change the future of their home.(十年前，在南印度，许多人聚集在一起改变他们家园的未来)”以及“The local farmers are encouraged to protect and plant mangroves where they have been lost.(鼓励当地农民保护和种植已经消失的红树林)”以及段落内容可知，最后一段主要讲述了南印度人民为保护红树林所做出的努力。故选B。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段“A win-win-win for fish cats, local people and the global ecosystem is being built.(鱼猫、当地居民和全球生态系统三赢的格局正在形成)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了需要被保护的濒危的鱼猫、对于人类十分重要的红树林以及南印度人为保护红树林做出的努力，故D选项“鱼猫和红树林保护”最符合文章标题。故选D。

D

A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating (涂层) that can convert sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass and other surfaces to prevent them from fogging.

The special coating is developed using titanium oxide and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up—by up to 8℃.

Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.

Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.

The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear, however, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.

12. How does the new coating work to remove fog?

A. By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.

B. By keeping cool air away from the object.

C. By creating a thin film of water on the surface.

D. By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.

13. Why does the author mention previous anti-fogging products?

A. To stress the advantages of the new coating.

B. To introduce the inspiration behind the new coating.

C. To prove the difficulty of creating anti-fogging products.

D. To explain the reason for the anti-fogging coating being popular.

14. What is the limitation of the new coating?

A. It is considerably expensive.

B. It depends on sunlight to work.

C. It lakes too much time to produce.

D. It is difficult to clean and maintain.

15. What do the researchers plan to do next

A. Seek more materials as the coating.

B. Apply for a patent for the invention.

C. Develop the product for more practical uses.

D. Explore the environmental impact of the coating.

【答案】12. D    13. A    14. B    15. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。苏黎世联邦理工学院的一组研究人员开发了一种新型涂层，文章介绍了这种新型涂层的工作原理、优缺点及下一步研究方向等。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“It selectively absorbs infrared radiations (红外线照射) from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of an object. (它选择性地吸收太阳光中的红外辐射，并产生一种强大的加热效应，足以使雾远离物体表面。)”可知，这种新涂层通过选择性地吸收太阳光中的红外辐射，来加热涂层，使雾远离。故选D项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also attract dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels(排斥)water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source. (以前，像防雾喷雾剂这样的产品会在表面形成一层非常薄的水膜来去除雾。这种表面的问题是污染。除了水，喷雾剂还会吸引污垢、灰尘、油和其他各种脏物质，表面上有一点污垢就没用了。然而，这种新的涂层可以排斥水。此外，涂层明显更薄，这使得它更透明，也更灵活。它是被动加热的，在白天不需要额外的能源。)”可知，本段对比分析了以前防雾产品的缺点和新型涂层的优点，由此可知，作者提到以前的防雾产品，是为了强调新型涂层的优点。故选A项。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light. (然而，尽管这种产品可以在非常低的太阳照射水平下工作，但它确实依赖于一定量的光。)”可知，这种新型涂层需要依赖一定量的太阳光来工作，这是它的不足之处。故选B项。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. (研究人员将进一步开发其他用途的涂层。)”可知，研究人员计划进一步开发其他用途的涂层。故选C项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Different parents have different reactions to learning that their children might be experiencing bullying (欺凌). Some may believe that the bullying is a way to “toughen them up”. Others might become so angry that they want to face the bullies themselves or may push their children to fight back. ____16____ It’s much better to try to calm yourself down and find ways to solve the problem. Here are some suggestions that experts recommend.

Talk about bullying. One of the best ways to help your bullied child is to simply talk about bullying. Not about their bully specifically or the trouble they’re going through, but why bullying happens, how bullies typically work, and what they can do to make it stop and help others. They also need to understand that bullies are never to blame for bullying because far too many of them can feel guilty and even become depressed. ____17____

____18____ A lot of kids won’t be comfortable coming to their parents for help for a variety of reasons, so it’s important that you do everything you can to show them that talking to you about a problem is something safe. Make sure they know that you care and that you’re willing to listen no matter what, but don’t press them for information or they might retreat further into themselves.

Document everything. ____19____ School authorities will often want proof if you go to them with accusation, and the court will certainly need it if it gets to the point that you need to make it a legal matter. Just as importantly, hanging on to things like e-mails can really help if your son or daughter is being targeted by anonymous bullies, because authorities sometimes use that information to track down the bully.

Go to officials. Letting bullying go too far can lead to all kinds of potential physical and psychological damage. ____20____ Meetings like this can go one of two ways — you can focus on the problem by yourself and make actions against the bullies, or you can work with school officials to start programs that educate their students about bullying and seek to control it in the school.

A. Keep an eye out for your child.

B. Make yourself available to your child.

C. These choices are rarely the right way to handle bullying.

D. Sometimes you have to go to school officials to get it stopped.

E. You have a number of options available to you depending on your personality.

F. If there are records of your child being bullied, it is vital to hold on to the evidence.

G. In this way, you can arm your child with information they can use to solve the problem.

【答案】16. C    17. G    18. B    19. F    20. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。不同的父母在得知孩子可能遭遇欺凌时有不同的反应，文章介绍了一些专家建议的建议。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Some may believe that the bullying is a way to “toughen them up”. Others might become so angry that they want to face the bullies themselves or may push their children to fight back.(有些人可能认为欺凌是一种“让他们坚强起来”的方式。其他人可能会变得非常愤怒，想要自己面对欺凌者，或者可能会迫使他们的孩子反击)”及下文“It’s much better to try to calm yourself down and find ways to solve the problem. Here are some suggestions that experts recommend.(最好是让自己冷静下来，找到解决问题的方法。以下是专家推荐的一些建议)”可知，上文提到的做法并不正确。由此可知，C. These choices are rarely the right way to handle bullying.(这些选择很少是处理欺凌的正确方式)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。

【17题详解】

根据上文“They also need to understand that bullies are never to blame for bullying because far too many of them can feel guilty and even become depressed. (他们还需要明白，欺凌者永远不应该因为欺凌而受到指责，因为他们中有太多的人会感到内疚，甚至变得抑郁)”可知，需要让孩子了解一些信息。由此可知，G. In this way, you can arm your child with information they can use to solve the problem.(通过这种方式，你可以用他们可以用来解决问题的信息武装你的孩子)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G。

【18题详解】

根据下文“A lot of kids won’t be comfortable coming to their parents for help for a variety of reasons, so it’s important that you do everything you can to show them that talking to you about a problem is something safe.(很多孩子会因为各种各样的原因不愿意向父母寻求帮助，所以你要尽你所能向他们表明，和你谈论问题是安全的，这很重要)”可知，父母要让孩子随时能找你需求帮助。由此可知，B. Make yourself available to your child.(让你的孩子随时能找你)符合语境。故选B。

【19题详解】

根据上文“Document everything.(记录一切)”及下文“School authorities will often want proof if you go to them with accusation, and the court will certainly need it if it gets to the point that you need to make it a legal matter.(如果你向学校提出指控，他们通常会要求证据，如果你需要将其列为法律问题，法院当然也会需要证据)”可知，保留证据很重要。由此可知，F. If there are records of your child being bullied, it is vital to hold on to the evidence.(如果有你的孩子被欺负的记录，重要的是要抓住证据)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选F。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Go to officials.(去找官员)”及下文“Meetings like this can go one of two ways—you can focus on the problem by yourself and make actions against the bullies, or you can work with school officials to start programs that educate their students about bullying and seek to control it in the school.(像这样的会面可以采取两种方式之一——你可以自己关注问题，并对欺凌者采取行动，或者你可以与学校官员合作，启动项目，教育学生有关欺凌的知识，并寻求在学校控制欺凌)”可知，此处在讲述到学校官员那里需求帮助。由此可知，D. Sometimes you have to go to school officials to get it stopped.(有时你不得不去学校官员那里阻止它)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。

第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。

That year I was eleven and in sixth grade. In Wethersfield, all sixth-graders are ____21____ to take part in the R.O.P.E. Program. Its main ____22____ is to believe your peers(同龄人), work together, and ____23____ new adventures. These programs include falling backward and ____24____ peers to catch you, working together to fit into a small circle and something of that kind.

I was ready to participate in these ____25____. Falling backward and fitting into a small circle were nothing to me. Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was brave, but I could ____26____ it.

Finally the day came when my sixth grade class would travel to climb and rappel(绕绳下滑) a mountain in Southington. Those people who were too ____27____ were allowed to practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area of rocks, but that wasn’t for me. I could climb the big mountain.

Twenty minutes later, my ____28____ arrived. As I was well ____29____, I set off at once. I got a quarter of the way up but couldn’t seem to get any _____30_____. I tried and tried. I began to put myself down and cry. There was nothing more _____31_____ than my classmates were looking at me. All I kept _____32_____ was “Lisa, you can do it.”

“Try to fit your foot in there. _____33_____, Lisa. You’re almost there.” It was then that I thought to myself, “Why am I crying? I can do this.” Almost _____34_____ I went on going up the mountain. Within five minutes I successfully _____35_____ it to the top.

21. A. forced B. reported C. required D. reminded

22. A. idea B. result C. question D. road

23. A. run B. introduce C. experience D. describe

24. A. begging B. thinking C. promising D. trusting

25. A. lectures B. discussions C. stories D. activities

26. A. manage B. discover C. change D. need

27. A. motivated B. noisy C. frightened D. annoyed

28. A. friend B. turn C. teacher D. day

29. A. relaxed B. balanced C. organized D. prepared

30. A. quicker B. warmer C. farther D. longer

31. A. awkward B. amazing C. annoying D. exciting

32. A. shouting B. remembering C. learning D. hearing

33. A. Watch out B. Come on C. Hurry up D. Walk along

34. A. completely B. carefully C. dangerously D. immediately

35. A. reached B. made C. got D. took

【答案】21. C    22. A    23. C    24. D    25. D    26. A    27. C    28. B    29. D    30. C    31. A    32. D    33. B    34. D    35. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者参加R.O.P.E项目爬山活动时，爬了四分之一就爬不动了，班上同学一直鼓励她，最终她爬上了山顶的故事。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在韦琴斯菲尔德，所有六年级学生都必须参加R.O.P.E.项目。A. forced迫使、强迫；B. reported报道、据说；C. required要求；D. reminded提醒。根据“In Wethersfield, all sixth-graders are  ____1____  to take part in the R.O.P.E. Program.”可知，应该是所有六年级学生都被“要求”参加R.O.P.E项目，required符合语境。故选C项。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是要信任同伴、共同合作、历经冒险。A. idea想法、原则、目标；B. result结果；C. question问题、疑问；D. road道路、途径、方法。根据“is to believe your peers(同龄人), work together, and  ____3____  new adventures.”可知，这是活动的主要思想，idea符合语境。故选A项。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是要信任同伴、共同合作、历经冒险。A. run奔跑、跑步；B. introduce介绍、引进；C. experience经历、体会；D. describe描述、形容。根据“new adventures”可知，此处应该指“经历”冒险，experience符合语境。故选C项。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些方法包括向后倒，相信同伴会接住你，一起努力融入一个小圈子，诸如此类。A. begging乞求、乞讨；B. thinking认为、思考；C. promising承诺、答应；D. trusting信赖、信任。根据“falling backward and  ____4____  peers to catch you”可知，这是一种考验信任的活动，向后倒，相信同伴能接住你，trusting符合语境。故选D项。

【25题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备参加这些活动。A. lectures讲座；B. discussions讨论；C. stories故事；D. activities活动。根据“I was ready to participate in these  ____5____ .”可知，作者是准备参加上文提到的那些“活动”，activities符合语境。故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：单绳支撑过河，这很考验勇气，但我能做到。A. manage管理、控制、设法做到；B. discover发现；C.  change改变、变化；D. need需要。根据上文的“were nothing to me”和“Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was brave, but I could  ____6____  it.”可知，向后倒对作者来说不是什么问题，单绳支撑过河虽然考验勇气，但是作者也可以做到，此处manage符合语境。故选A项。

【27题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些太害怕的人被允许在一小块岩石上练习攀爬和绳降，但那不适合我。A. motivated积极的、主动的；B. noisy嘈杂的、聒噪的；C. frightened受惊的、害怕的；D. annoyed恼怒的、烦恼的。根据“were allowed to practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area of rocks”可知，需要进行练习，说明这些人应该是比较“害怕的”，frightened符合语境。故选C项。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：二十分钟后，轮到我了。A. friend朋友；B. turn（依次轮到的）机会；C. teacher老师；D. day一天、白天。根据后面的“I set off at once.”可知，作者立即出发了，说明是轮到作者了，turn符合语境。故选B项。

【29题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我准备充分，我立刻出发了。A. relaxed放松的、轻松的；B. balanced平衡的、和谐的；C. organized有组织的、系统的；D. prepared有准备的、准备好的。根据“I set off at once.”可知，作者敢立即出发，说明应该是准备好了，prepared符合语境。故选D项。

【30题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爬到了四分之一的地方，但似乎再也爬不动了。A. quicker更快的；B. warmer更温暖的；C. farther更远的、更多的；D. longer更长的。根据上文的“climb and rappel(绕绳下滑) a mountain”和“I got a quarter of the way up but couldn’t seem to get any  ____10____ .”可知，作者他们是要爬山，但作者爬了四分之一就爬不动了，所以应该是爬不到“更远的”地方，farther符合语境。故选C项。

【31题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比我的同学看着我更尴尬的了。A. awkward尴尬的；B. amazing惊人的、了不起的；C. annoying令人恼火的、令人烦躁的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据前面的“I began to put myself down and cry.”和后面的“my classmates were looking at me”可知，同学都在看着自己，但自己却爬不上去，所以应该是感到很“尴尬”，awkward符合语境。故选A项。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听到的都是“丽莎，你能行的”。A. shouting呼喊、叫嚷；B. remembering回忆、记住；C. learning学会；D. hearing听到。根据后面的“Lisa, you can do it.”可知，班上同学都在给作者加油打气，作者应该是“听到”的，hearing符合语境。故选D项。

【33题详解】

考查短语辨析。句意：“试着把脚塞进去。加油，丽莎。你就快成功了。”A. Watch out当心、小心；B. Come on加油；C. Hurry up快点；D. Walk along沿着走。根据“Try to fit your foot in there.  ____13____ , Lisa. You’re almost there.”可知，这些是同学给作者加油时说的话，come on符合语境。故选B项。

【34题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎立刻就继续往山上走。A. completely完全地、彻底地；B. carefully小心地、谨慎地；C. dangerously危险地；D. immediately立即、即刻。根据前面的“Why am I crying? I can do this.”和“Almost  ____14____  I went on going up the mountain.”可知，作者反问自己为什么要哭呢，觉得自己可以做到的，所以应该是立刻继续往上爬，immediately符合语境。故选D项。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到五分钟，我就成功地登上了山顶。A. reached抵达、到达；B. made制造、使得、做到；C. got得到、明白；D. took拿、取。根据“Within five minutes I successfully  ____15____  it to the top.”可知，作者成功爬上了山顶，所以应该是做到了，made it与上文的do this对应。故选B项。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wan Qiuwen bas broken the glass ceiling to become one of China’s first two female rescue helicopter pilots who respond all 24/7 to search and rescue tasks.

Wan and Song Yin, the only other female pilot, ____36____ (graduate) from Shanghai Maritime University in 2008 to join Donghai No. 1 Rescued Flying Service of the Ministry of Transport. “____37____ (be) a search and rescue pilot is a high-risk job. It is a big commitment and requires personal sacrifices ____38____ not many are willing to make. “But I feel lucky ____39____ proud to be a member of the great team,” Wan says. She was thrilled when she finally got the admission ____40____ the program and was sent to Adelaide, Australia, to train for 15 months, at the end of which she acquires ____41____ commercial pilot’s license. Back in the country, she received ____42____ (far) training in helicopter search and rescue.

Wan has since joined 300-plus ____43____ (mission) and has also taken up the role of a flight instructor. When ____44____ (ask) if she would continue to fly, Wan responded affirmatively, “This profession is about saving lives. A woman is ____45____ (perfect) capable of being a rescue pilot, once and always.”

【答案】36. graduated   

37. Being    38. that##which   

39. and    40. to##into    41. a   

42. further   

43. missions   

44. asked    45. perfectly

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了万秋雯——首批两名全天候响应搜救任务的女性救援直升机飞行员之一和她作为女飞行员的经历及感受。

【36题详解】

考查时态。句意：万秋雯和另外一名仅有的女飞行员宋寅，2008年毕业于上海海事大学，加入交通运输部东海第一救援飞行服务队。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分；由句子的时间状语in 2008可知，句子应该用一般过去时，空格处填过去式。故填graduated。

【37题详解】

考查动名词。句意：搜救飞行员是一项高风险的工作。根据句意和所给be动词及分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的主语部分，所以应该用动名词being作主语，动名词表一般性的、抽象性的动作，位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填Being。

【38题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：这是一项重大的承诺，需要做出个人牺牲，而不是很多人愿意做出这样的牺牲。根据句意并分析句子可知，空格后的部分是一个限制性定语从句，对先行词sacrifices进行限定说明，先行词指物，而该定语从句缺少宾语，所以空格处应该填入关系代词which/that。故填that/which。

【39题详解】

考查连词。句意：“但能成为这个伟大团队的一员，我感到幸运和自豪，”万秋雯说。根据空格前的形容词lucky和空格后的形容词proud可知，空格处应该填入一个并列连词连接lucky和proud，句子是肯定句，用and表并列。故填and。

【40题详解】

考查介词。句意：当她最终被该项目录取并被送往澳大利亚阿德莱德进行15个月的培训时，她非常激动，最后她获得了商业飞行员执照。根据句意和空格前的名词admission可知，此处是考查名词admission和介词to或into的搭配，get admission to/into意为“准许加入”。故填to/into。

【41题详解】

考查冠词。句意：当她最终被该项目录取并被送往澳大利亚阿德莱德进行15个月的培训时，她非常激动，最后她获得了商业飞行员执照。根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词license可知，空格处应该填入不定冠词，表示泛指，commercial的发音是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。

【42题详解】

考查形容词比较级。句意：回国后，她接受了直升机搜救方面的进一步培训。根据句意和句中的“back in the country”可知，空格处应该填入形容词far的比较级形式further (更进一步的)作定语，修饰后面的名词training。故填further。

【43题详解】

考查可数名词单复数。句意：自那以后，万秋雯已经参加了300多个任务，并担任了飞行教练的角色。根据句意和所给可数名词mission以及空格前的300-plus可知，空格处应该填入mission的复数形式missions。故填missions。

【44题详解】

考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及她是否会继续飞行时，万秋雯肯定地回答说：“这个职业是关于拯救生命的。一个女人完全有能力成为一名救援飞行员，永远如此。”根据空格前的连词when和所给动词ask并分析句子可知，when引导的时间状语从句意为“当她被问及是否会继续飞行时”，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，她被问，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，该从句完整的形式是When she was asked if she would continue to fly，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是asked。故填asked。

【45题详解】

考查副词。句意：当被问及她是否会继续飞行时，万秋雯肯定地回答说：“这个职业是关于拯救生命的。一个女人完全有能力成为一名救援飞行员，永远如此。”空格处用副词作状语修饰形容词capable，perfect的副词是perfectly。故填perfectly。

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 教育部发文要求每个中小学生都要参与志愿服务。假设你是校学生会主席李华，请你代表学生会在校英语报上发表一封倡议信。内容包括：

1. 志愿者活动的益处；

2. 可以开展的志愿者活动；

3. 发出倡议。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80词左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear schoolmates,

Volunteering is playing a crucial role in students’ overall development.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】Dear schoolmates,

Volunteering is playing a crucial role in students’ overall development. With the approach of winter vacation, it's high time that we took up volunteering.

A willing heart to volunteer provides us with massive benefits. Volunteering not only makes us feel connected with the community but also is beneficial to our well-being.

There are different ways of serving people, ranging from volunteering at children’s home or libraries to virtual volunteering, helping pupils with schoolwork online, or promoting intangible heritage of Wu Culture.

Why not throw ourselves into volunteering? It makes us a better person and creates a better world.

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。教育部发文要求每个中小学生都要参与志愿服务。假设你是校学生会主席李华，请你代表学生会在校英语报上发表一封倡议信。

【详解】1.词汇积累

提供：provide sb. with sth.→offer sb. sth.

有益的：beneficial→rewarding

联系的：connected→linked

临近：approach →around the corner

2.句式拓展

同义句转换

原句：With the approach of winter vacation, it’s high time that we took up volunteering.

拓展句：Since winter vacation is approaching, it’s high time that we took up volunteering.

【点睛】[高分句型1] With the approach of winter vacation, it's high time that we took up volunteering. (运用了with的复合结构)

[高分句型2] There are different ways of serving people, ranging from volunteering at children’s home or libraries to virtual volunteering, helping pupils with schoolwork online, or promoting intangible heritage of Wu Culture. (运用了现在分词作状语)

第二节(满分25分)

47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

I was never very neat. Later in life I learned to attribute this flaw(缺点)to my creative genius, saying that my disorganization was simply the flip side of my unique gifts and talents. Yet, back at high school, I hadn’t come up with any impressive reasons for my big messes.

As fate would have it, my teacher paired me with Kim as my roommate. I’m not sure why he stuck us together. I don’t think he could have possibly picked two more different people to room together. Kim was extremely organized. She labeled everything and each item she owned had its place. Well, I think my bits and pieces of paper, odds and ends(零碎物品)would find their ways into places automatically. And apparently, my roommate didn’t seem to be on the same page with me. As time went by, she got neater, while I got messier. She would complain about my dirty clothes. I would complain about Lysol(杀菌消毒剂)headaches. She would nudge(轻推)my clothing over to one side and I would lay one of my books on her tidy desk.

One October evening, things got ugly. Kim came into the room and lost her temper right away after seeing one of my shoes had found is way beneath her bed. She picked it up, tossed it toward my side of the room angrily and managed to knock the layer of clothes onto the floor (by the way I had planned to fold them later). I leapt off the bed and immediately started yelling about her rudeness. She yelled back, “Look at the mess you’ve made! Could you at least clean up your own table!” I was sitting on my bed, fuming(发怒). She was sitting on hers, fuming. The room was thick with anger. It could have ended up with a nasty fight if it hadn’t been for the phone call she received.

注意：

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;

2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好。

When the phone rang, she picked it up and I could tell right away it wasn’t good news.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Staring at the room, I smiled as I had an idea.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】     When the phone rang, she picked it up and I could tell right away it wasn’t good news. When Kim hung up, she buried her face in her hands, her body shaking as she sobbed. Her dad was badly ill in hospital. Obviously, that was something she could not go through alone. I walked towards her and patted her on the back. Instead, she threw herself onto the bed and cried into her pillow, sinking into her deep sorrow.

Staring at the room, I smiled as I had an idea. I started to collect my odds and ends, clothes and shoes, sweep the floor and tidied the table. I even cleaned her side. I was so absorbed that I didn’t even notice Kim stop crying and sit up staring at me in disbelief. I stepped towards her, saying softly, “It will be OK.” Kim reached her hand over to grasp mine, murmuring “Thank you”. Suddenly, I realized the golden rule between friends was putting yourself into others’ shoes.

【解析】

【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者不爱干净，不爱收拾，但她遇到了一个非常爱干净的高中室友Kim。一天晚上，Kim看到作者的一只鞋在她床底下时，向作者发起了脾气，作者很愤怒，就在僵持不下的时候，Kim接到了一个电话。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“电话响起时，她接了起来，我立刻就知道不是什么好消息。”可知，第一段可描写Kim在接到电话后很伤心以及作者安慰她但是没有用。
②由第二段首句内容“我凝视着房间，微笑着想出了一个主意。”可知，第二段可描写作者开始打扫起来，并安慰Kim，二人最终和好。
2.续写线索：接电话——挂电话——伤心大哭——作者安慰——Kim没有理睬，上床大哭——作者想出了主意——开始收拾——Kim惊讶——作者安慰——二人和好
3.词汇激活

行为类
①颤抖：shake/tremble
②拍：pat/tap
③抓住：grasp/grapple

情绪类
①专注的：absorbed/dedicated
②感谢：thank sb./be grateful to sb.

【点睛】[高分句型1] When Kim hung up, she buried her face in her hands, her body shaking as she sobbed. （由连接词when引导的状语从句，独立主格结构和as引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2] I was so absorbed that I didn’t even notice Kim stop crying and sit up staring at me in disbelief.（运用了so...that固定句型）