2023年北京市第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语模拟卷（三）（含解析版+考试版+参考答案）

2022年12月北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷C

考生须知 

1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.本试卷共10页，四道大题（共100分）。

3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答；非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

4.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

一、听力理解 （共25小题； 每小题1分， 共25分）

略。

二、完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. I sat in the car，lost in despair, chewing my lip and staring outside.

I went upstairs,____26____ and desperate. Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual. There, he was waiting for my ____27____ with great excitement. I stood silently, forcing a ___28____ to cover my sadness. He seemed to ____29____ me immediately, giving me a ____30____.I was astonished that such a thin body was full of so much energy.

Only then did my emotions start ____31____ out. I told him that all my ____32____ were for nothing，and that I was feeling discouraged. Grandpa smiled at me ____33____ and said，“Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.” Then he ____34____,“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and desires,ignoring the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.”

He patted me on the shoulder，with a determined look,before saying, “Cheer up. I’m firmly _____35_____ that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness _____36_____.

The next day,I thought about all my problems and ____37_____ a plan. Now,I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure,I’ll _____38____ reach my goals.

Looking back,I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our ____39_____ ones. As my grandpa showed,the _____40____ of our family members will benefit us forever.

26．A．weak B．strong      C．sweet   D．simple

27．A．suggestion B．comment   C．discovery   D．arrival

28．A．tear B．sigh    C．signal   D．smile

29．A．ignore B．inspect   C．read    D．order

30．A．hug B．pride    C．challenge   D．wish

31．A．dying B．turning   C．checking   D．pouring

32．A．offers B．efforts    C．promises   D．profits

33．A．generally B．gently    C．suddenly   D．freshly

34．A．added  B．shared   C．helped   D．served

35．A．convinced  B．believed   C．expected   D．changed

36．A．arise  B．prevent   C．continue   D．disappear

37．A．turned into  B．came across  C．cared about  D．worked out

38．A．merely  B．actually   C．eventually   D．instantly

39．A．deserved  B．beloved   C．determined  D．excited

40．A．company  B．gratitude   C．support   D．blame

三、阅读理解 （共两节，40分）

第一节（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Nostalgia (怀旧) has become increasingly common in our current climate of unexpected, fast-paced change. More and more people are turning back with longing for what feels like simpler, sweeter times. They collect cassette tapes, manual typewriters even decades-old video games.

Is it a mistake to get too obsessed with the past? Some psychologists warn that too much devotion to the so-called good old days is an escape from reality; it can indicate loneliness or that a person is having a difficult time coping in the present. Psychologist Stephanie Coontz argues that nostalgia distracts us from addressing the problems of modern life and contributes to anxiety, depression, insomnia etc.

But new studies suggest that a modest dose of nostalgia is not only harmless, but actually beneficial. They suggest it helps strengthen our sense of identity and makes us feel more optimistic and inspired. It is also a tool for self-discovery and memories are a psychological immune response that is triggered when you want to take a break from negativity. Interestingly, those happy memories can be particularly beneficial both to kids in their teens and to society’s elders. Recalling our childhood reminds us of “the times when we were accented and loved unconditionally,” says Krystine Batcho, a psychologist. “That is such a powerfully comforting phenomenon, knowing that there was a time in life when we didn’t have to earn our love.” Nostalgia can transform even the most ordinary past into legends which warms the heart and the body. Let’s not forget that nostalgia has been a source of inspiration to innumerable American writers. Mark Twain recalled his boyhood, writing, “after all these years, I can picture that old time to myself now, just as it was then: The white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summer’s morning.”

So go ahead, daydream a little about your best childhood friend, your first car, a long-gone family pet. As Dr. Sedikidessays, “Nostalgia is absolutely central to human experience.” But at the same time, keep these words of wisdom from the great inventor Charles Kettering in mind as well: “You can’t have a better tomorrow if you are thinking about yesterday all the time.”

41．What did some psychologists in paragraph 2 probably agree?

A．Nostalgia can cause some mental problems.

B．Nostalgia makes us devoted to the present life.

C．Nostalgia shows you are trying to get rid of loneliness.

D．Nostalgia helps us cope with the difficult time we are going through.

42．There are many benefits of nostalgia except ________ .

A．It can enable us to know ourselves better

B．It can bring us some comfort when we recall

C．We are likely to gain attention if we recall the happy childhood

D．We can sometimes break away from negativity with happy memories

43．What will be talked about in the following paragraph?

A．The reasons why we should avoid nostalgia.

B．The great changes nostalgia will bring to you.

C．The bad memories that always stick around you.

D．The bad influence of too much devotion to nostalgia.

44．What does the author intend to tell us?

A．People tend to be lost in nostalgia.

B．People actually benefit from nostalgia.

C．Childhood memories influence present life.

D．There are some periods when people look back.

                                    B

For many, Labor Day weekend signals the end of summer and an opportunity to host a socially-distanced barbecue (an outdoor meal). But this national holiday—celebrated every year in the United States and Canada on the first Monday in September—has revolutionary (革命性的) origins.

By the late 19th century, the Industrial Revolution had made working life miserable for people around the world. In many places, workers toiled for at least 12 hours a day six days a week in mines, factories, railroads, and mills. This holiday actually originated in the US on May 1, 1866, in what came to be known as the Haymarket Riot, workers flooded Chicago streets to demand an eight-hour workday.

It would take another conflict in the American Midwest to make Labor Day a national holiday. On May 11, 1894, workers at the Pullman Palace Car Company, a railroad car manufacturer near Chicago, went on strike to protest their low wages and 16-hour workdays. In August 1893, James Kyle introduced federal legislation (立法) to make Labor Day a public holiday, but for ten months the legislation was put on hold. To quiet the strikers and their supporters, the Senate quickly passed the bill on June 22. The bill passed the House four days later and President Grover Cleveland signed it into law on June 28, 1894.

The holiday is more information May Day labor celebrations. Many observers relax at home or head to outdoor recreational activities, such as boating, barbecues, and camping. It may also be marked with fireworks shows and other events. Labor Day has also become associated with retail sales, as many shop owners try to take advantage of the customers’ day off. It is one of the largest sales events of the year. meaning retail employees actually have to work more on this day. Parades are the most common model of celebration, which often feature processions of labor groups.

45．What do we know about the workers in the late 19th century?

A．They were paid well. B．They had long workdays.

C．They often had a barbecue. D．Their contributions were recognized.

46．Which can replace the underlined words “put on hold” in paragraph 3?

A．Put off.             B．Introduced.            C．Got through.     D．Protected.

47．When did Labor Day become an official holiday throughout America?

A．On May 1, 1886.      B．On August 22, 1893.    C．On May 11, 1894.   D．On June 28, 1894.

48．What’s the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The origins of Labor Day. B．The labor groups achievements.

C．The ways to celebrate Labor Day. D．The official activities on Labor Day.

C

It might seem like something from a science fiction movie, but scientists today are working on ways to combine certain kinds of bacteria with tiny robots. Scientists want to use these creations to improve the way we give medical treatment. They claim that drug therapy (疗法), disease diagnosis, and even surgery could be greatly aided by the use of nanobiotechnology. Nano-means “tiny”, and bio-means “life”. This tiny technology will use living organisms in combination with electronics.

Electronics makers already use tiny robots to build complex but very tiny circuits. Medical scientists want to use these robots to repair patients’ damaged organs or to direct medicines to affect specific cells. For example, tiny robots could be engineered to deliver chemotherapy (化疗) directly to cancer instead of to the entire body.

Existing electronics are the right size, but they lack practical use. Robots that can be built small enough to enter a person’s cells would be too tiny to move on their own. Therefore, scientists want to use tiny organisms such as bacteria to act as vehicles for the robots. The bacteria will be “driven” through the bloodstream by magnetic pulses (磁脉冲). Once the bacteria are in the correct locations, the robots will be able to do their jobs. In theory, these robots will cause less damage to the body than traditional methods of delivering medicines or performing surgeries.

Nanobiotechnology has yet to be put into practice, but many people already have concerns about its use. Some people worry about the ethic (道德标准) involved with controlling live organisms—and the possible side effects for their human hosts.

49．What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A．The application of tiny robots. B．The influence of tiny robots.

C．The operation of tiny robots. D．The origin of tiny robots.

50．Which of the following could be a future benefit of nanobiotechnology?

A．Cheaper medicine. B．Less harm to the body.

C．Longer life expectancy. D．Faster performance of surgeries.

51．According to the medical scientists, robots ______.

A．can locate he bacteria. B．are driven by medicine.

C．can act as vehicles. D．are carried by bacteria.

52．Where does the text probably come from?

A．A computer textbok B．A life magazine

C．A science magazine D．A biology textbook

                                    D

Mail carriers will be delivering some good news and some bad news this week.

The bad news: Stamp prices are expected to rise 2 cents in May to 41 cents, the Postal Regulatory Commission announced yesterday. The good news: With the introduction of a “forever stamp”, it may be the last time Americans have to use annoying 2-or 3-cent stamps to make up postage differences.

Beginning in May, people would be able to purchase the stamps in booklets of 20 at the regular rate of a first-class stamp. As the name implies, “forever stamps” will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.

The new “forever stamp” is the United States Postal Service’s(USPS)answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases. The May increase will be the fifth in a decade. Postal rates have risen because of inflation(通货膨胀), competition from online bill paying, and the rising costs of employee benefits, including healthcare, says Mark Saunders, a spokesman for USPS.

The USPS expects some financial gain from sales of the “forever stamp” and the savings from not printing as many 2-or 3-cent stamps. “It’s not your grandfather’s stamp,” says Mr Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp.”

Other countries, including Canada, England, and Finland use similar stamps.

Don Schilling, who has collected stamps for 50 years, he’s interested in the public’s reaction. “This is an entirely new class of stamps,” Mr Schilling says. He adds that he’ll buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich—the volume printed will be too large for collectors. “We won’t be able to send our kids to college on these,” he says, laughing.

The USPS board of governors has yet to accept the Postal Regulatory Commission’s decision, but tends to follow its recommendations. No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps.

53．The main purpose of introducing  a “forever stamp” is__________.

A．to reduce the cost of printing 2-or 3-cent stamps

B．to help save the consumers’ cost on first-class mailing

C．to respond to the complaints about rising postal rates

D．to compete with online bill paying

54．By saying “It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp”, Mr Saunders means that “forever stamps”_________.

A．could be collected by one’s great-grandchildren

B．might be very precious in great-grandchildren’s hands

C．might have been inherited from one’s great-grandfathers

D．could be used by one’s great-grandchildren even decades later

55．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．The investment in “forever stamps” will bring adequate reward.

B．America will be the first country to issue forever stamps.

C．The design of the “forever stamp” remains to be revealed.

D．2-or 3-cent stamps will no longer be printed in the future.

56．What can be concluded from the passage?

A．With “forever stamps”, there will be no need to worry about rate changes.

B．Postal workers will benefit most from the sales of “forever stamps”.

C．The inflation has become a threat to the sales of first-class stamps.

D．New interest will be aroused in collecting “forever stamps”.

第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，共8分)

阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。

Home alone: Are you ready?

Do you know that in the US almost half of all kids aged 6 to 13 are home alone for part of the day? The boys in the Home Alone movies certainly have fun, but the whole experience can be freaky sometimes. These days, even a lot of adults are scared to be alone in the house! It’s totally understandable if you or someone you know are nervous about being home alone.

Take Jessi and her brother Joey as an example. For over five years now, they’ve been taking care of themselves until their mum comes home from work. Jessi says that the worst thing about it is when she or her brother is locked out. Then they have to wait on the porch until the other gets home! Sometimes, both of them get locked out! Fortunately, they each have a cellphone so they can call their mum when that happens.

Your parents think you’re ready, but do you?

At first it sounds cool to be home alone, right? Think of the freedom you’d have around the house! There’s nobody to stop you from playing video games or watching your favourite TV show!

Joey admits that he likes being able to watch TV shows or listen to music he likes. “ It’s more freedom, ” he says, “ but it’s also more responsibility. ”

So there you are listening to that CD your parents hate. Then what’s that? You hear a noise outside. It sounds like it could be a person on the front doorstep, and there’s been a string of robberies in the area lately. Suddenly, your unsupervised (没人监管的) freedom doesn’t feel so safe anymore.

It’s a normal feeling and it doesn’t mean you’re a “baby”. There’s always stuff going on in the world to shake our feelings of security. You might feel totally fine about being alone when you’re 10. Then, two years later, something happens that makes you feel different about it. Every person and every home environment is unique.

If you have worries about being home alone, it’s really important to speak out about them, even though it may cost money to get a sitter or your parent has to rearrange his or her schedule.

57．What will Jessi and Joey do if both of them get locked out? ( no more than 6 words )

58．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? ( no more than 6 words )

59．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

It is always cool to be home alone — freedom you’d have around the house! There’s nobody to stop you from playing games or watching your favourite TV show.

60．What will you do when you are alone at home? ( About 40 words. )

四、书面表达 （共1小题，20分）

61．你是校学生会主席，你校将为高中生举办一个国际文化交流展览，活动将持续一周，并有海外学生和教师来校参加。本次活动开幕式将以展示中国文化开始，请你在开幕式上发言，致欢迎辞并介绍开幕式活动和意义。

内容包括：1.致欢迎辞；2.介绍开幕式活动。

注意：1.词数80左右；2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear teachers and students,

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