2023届贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，推荐信等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Amazing Exhibitins t See in 2023
Lking fr yur next culture fix? Explre the must-see exhibitins fr the cming year.
The Adventure f Pttery, Kettles Yard, Cambridge
4 March - 25 June 2023
The ptter, Lucie Rie, was a key figure in British pst-war art. Her technical innvatins permanently extended the language f studi pttery. Her achievements range frm functinal tableware t elegant bwls and vases. Rie’s early pts frm the 1920s and 1930s underline the mdernist principles f clarity and innvatin.
Birds f America, Cmptn Verney
1 July - 1 Octber 2023
Audubn’s Birds f America examines the artistry and legacy f ne f the wrld’s rarest and largest bks. Published as a series between 1827 and 1838, Birds f America achieved internatinal fame due t its epic scale and the bk’s utstanding rnithlgical (鸟类学) illustratins. Cmptn Verney’s grunds are a wildlife reserve, making the perfect setting fr the shw.
Lve Life, Charlestn, East Sussex
1 September 2023 - 8 March 2024
David Hckney’s rarely-seen drawings frm the late 1960s and 1970s. In 2017, David Hckney, ne f Britain’s mst ppular and recgnizable artists, painted the wrds “Lve Life” n the final wall f the shw. Explaining his actins, he said, “I lve my wrk. And I think the wrk has lve. Actually... I lve life.”
Impressinists n Paper, Ryal Academy
25 Nvember 2023 - 10 March 2024
In the late 19th century, Impressinist and Pst-Impressinist artists in France ttally transfrmed the future directin f art and challenged the traditinal attitudes. They lifted the status f wrks n paper, drawings, waterclurs, etc., frm smething left in a studi t artwrks in their wn right. This exhibitin brings tgether arund 70 wrks fr visitrs.
1．Which exhibitin wuld yu g if yu are interested in tableware?
A．The Adventure f Pttery.B．Birds f America.
C．Impressinists n Paper.D．Lve life.
2．What is special abut Cmptn Verney?
A．It’s the leading exhibitin hall f UK.
B．It has a histry f arund 200 years.
C．It’s a safe place fr wild animals t live.
D．It enjys internatinal fame fr innvatin.
3．Hw many exhibitins can peple visit in December 2023?
A．One.B．Tw.
C．Three.D．Fur.
Dunhuang, an asis f culture surrunded by the vast sands f the Gbi Desert, served as a shelter fr ancient weary Silk Rad travelers 1,000 years ag. Carved int the cliffs high abve the Dachuan River, the Mga Grttes in Gansu Prvince cnsist f the largest, richest and lngest-used treasure huse f traditinal art in the wrld, inspiring yung artists t this very day.
Inside the grttes, murals (壁画) painted with minerals have std the test f time, still shining bright and brilliant. T carry frward this painting technique, Lian Yang, an artist in her 30s, decided t make the traditinal art increasingly knwn amng yunger generatins. She nce wrked nly n ink and digital painting, but sn felt creatively stuck. Then she learned abut mineral clr painting and made it the fcus f her career.
The traditinal Chinese painting technique was cmmnly used befre the Tang Dynasty. Hwever, the skill gradually faded frm the central Chinese artistic landscape after the Sng Dynasty when literati (文人) ink painting grew.
“I want t pur mre f my wn ideas int creatins and find an artistic expressin that cannt be easily replaced with mdern technlgies, althugh the csts f handmade art are higher and it requires mre time than digital creatin,” Lian Yang said.
As a mdern artist, Lian Yang des nt limit herself by strictly fllwing traditin. She has cperated with the peratr f mbile game King f Glry, creating wrks in Dunhuang fresc style. She als frequently psts shrt vides cvering the creative prcess f mineral clr artwrks acrss different Chinese scial media, attracting many yung peple.
Riding the China Chic tide, a term referring t the rise f China’s native fashin trends, traditinal art needs cmmercializatin t further develp. Lian Yang hpes mineral art can be integrated int mvies, nline games and even the metaverse, an integrated netwrk f 3D virtual wrlds.
4．What can we learn abut the Mga Grttes?
A．They’re carved under the Dachuan River.
B．They serve as a shelter fr travelers.
C．They give yung artists ideas fr creatin.
D．They’re viewed as the treasure huse f mdern art.
5．Why did Lian Yang initially fcus n mineral clr painting?
A．T spread culture.B．T make a breakthrugh.
C．T attract the media.D．T cnduct research.
6．Which wrd can best describe Lian Yang?
A．Grateful.B．Hnest.C．Inncent.D．Determined.
7．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Prmting traditinal art.B．Travelling in Dunhuang.
C．Teaching clr painting.D．Making shrt vides.
Within weeks f its launch, ChatGPT started a new glbal race in artificial intelligence (AI). The chatbt is a part f a fresh wave f generative AI — cmplicated systems that prduce cntent frm text t images — that is set t have a great impact n Big Tech, industries and the future f wrk in a decade.
As an artificial-intelligence chatbt develped by OpenAI, an AI research cmpany, ChatGPT was released in Nvember 2022, which can have cnversatins, generate petry, and suggest edits t cmputer prgramming cde. The secnd half f its name, GPT, stands fr Generative Pre-trained Transfrmer. Transfrmers are specialized algrithms (算法), learning t predict nt just the next wrd in a sentence but als the next sentence in a paragraph and the next paragraph in an essay. This is what allws it t stay n tpic fr lng stretches f text.
ChatGPT is trained n a vast number f articles, websites and scial-media psts frm the Internet as well as real-time cnversatins with peple. It learns t mimic the grammar and structure f the writing and reflects frequently-used phrases. But it isn’t always accurate: its surces aren’t fact-checked, and it relies n human feedback t imprve its accuracy.
OpenAI develped ChatGPT as part f a strategy t build AI sftware that will help the cmpany turn a prfit. In January, Micrsft, its strategic partner, annunced a fresh multibillin-dllar investment in OpenAI and said it plans t integrate ChatGPT int its Bing search app and ther prducts. Ggle and Baidu are als pushing t launch similar tls.
ChatGPT has reached 100 millin users just tw mnths after launch. Despite its sudden burst in ppularity, the technlgy currently has serius limitatins and ptential risks that include giving misinfrmatin and breaking laws n intellectual prperty (知识产权).
8．What is ChatGPT able t d?
A．Prduce texts.B．Create pictures.
C．Develp rbts.D．Perfrm peratins.
9．What des the underlined wrd “mimic” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Define.B．Intrduce.C．Cpy.D．Ignre.
10．What is OpenAI’s main purpse f develping ChatGPT?
A．T build cmpany image.B．T imprve wrk efficiency.
C．T ffer translatin service.D．T make mre mney.
11．Which statement might the authr agree with?
A．AI will dminate human life.B．ChatGPT shuld be used prperly.
C．AI is unlikely t pse risks t peple.D．ChatGPT shuld be extended t every field.
Dgs can understand when humans mean well, even if they dn’t get what they want frm us. Nw, the clse scial bnd between humans and dgs is well established, but researchers have a limited understanding f whether and hw dgs cmprehend human intent. T see if pet dgs can distinguish between intentinal and accidental actins by strangers, Christph Völter at the University f Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria and his clleagues ran tests with humans ffering dgs fd while the animals’ bdy mvements were tracked using eight cameras.
Each dg and human were separated by a transparent plastic panel with hles that a slice f sausage culd be passed thrugh. In 96 trials f 48 pet dgs, human participants either teased the dg by hlding up and pulling back a treat, r they pretended t clumsily drp the piece f sausage n their wn side f the panel befre the dg culd eat it. In all trials, the dgs had t wait 30 secnds befre finally getting their reward, during which the team tracked their reactin.
The research fund that when humans pretended t drp a treat cmpared with when they intentinally pulled it away, the dgs respnded mre patiently. They made mre eye cntact with the experimenter, wagged their tails mre and stayed clser t the transparent barrier, suggesting they were still expecting a treat. Dgs that were teased sat, laid dwn and backed away the barrier mre frequently. The results were similar acrss different dgs, ages and sex.
In the clumsy trial, the dgs als wagged their tails mre n their right side, a behaviur knwn t be assciated with dgs that are happy and relaxed. “They have mre psitive emtins twards the clumsy experimenter, which might indicate that they indeed understand that the experimenter is willing, but just t clumsy, t give them fd,” says Völter.
12．What was Völter’s research intended fr?
A．Clarifying hw humans bnd with dgs.
B．Training dgs t adapt t new surrundings.
C．Understanding dgs’ sensitivity twards fd.
D．Detecting if dgs understand human intentin.
13．What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．Research findings.B．Research methd.
C．Research backgrund.D．Research data.
14．Hw did the dgs react when sausages were pulled away n purpse?
A．They mved away mre ften.B．They barked mre ludly.
C．They bit sausages mre fiercely.D．They waited mre patiently.
15．What is the text?
A．A diary entry.B．A curse plan.
C．A science reprt.D．A tur brchure.
二、七选五
Hw t Avid Distractins While Studying
Yu knw yu really want t d well in yur study. Yur parents have put the pressure n, r yu prmised yurself yu wuld d better. But yu keep getting distracted (分心)! Hw can yu slve the prblem? ____16____
Find a place that makes yu want t study. If the bks and seriusness f the library put yu in the md fr fcusing n study, g fr it. If the cmfrtable chairs and cffee at yur lcal café are what yu need t get thrugh yur reading fr English, g there. ____17____
Set a study schedule. When yu have many subjects t study fr, it can seem hard t get thrugh everything. Give yurself a schedule where yu set specific times t study particular subjects. ____18____ Besides, change subjects every tw hurs.A little variety keeps yu refreshed and fcused.
____19____ If yu find yurself distracted frm studying by thughts abut everything else, spend 5 minutes thinking abut them, but then tell yurself studying is yur main task nw. If yu are tired f study, step away. A shrt break helps refresh yu s that yu can stay fcused when yu cme back t studying.
G ff the electrnic devices. Texting, scial media, calls and ther distractins that cme frm ur electrnic devices are sme f the biggest barriers t staying fcused when studying. ____20____ Turn ff the distracting electrnic devices!
A．Give yurself a brief study break.
B．G ut fr a picnic t refresh yurself.
C．The fllwing tips may give yu a hand.
D．Luckily, the fix is easy and ttally within yur cntrl.
E．It’s n dubt that a library is the best place fr studying well.
F．This makes studying seem less difficult, helping yu stay n task.
G．The mst imprtant thing is that the lcatin mtivates yu t study.
三、完形填空
Hardships ften prepare rdinary peple fr an extrardinary destiny.
When I was in secnd grade, my parents fught a lt. As a result, my mind ____21____ and I created my wn inner wrld during schl. I struggled t ____22____ ther kids, but my teacher thught I was “slw”, s I had t be ____23____ t a special educatin prgram, Resurce.
I didn’t want t g t Resurce. I didn’t want t be ____24____. But that’s hw it felt. I’ll never ____25____ the first day the Resurce teacher came int my ____26____ and called my name. She called me and anther kid. I grabbed my backpack, kept my head dwn and ____27____ ut f class. I culd hear the ____28____ and giggles (咯咯大笑) f the ther kids. I felt ____29____ and alne.
This humiliatin (羞辱), ____30____, didn’t end all bad. I’ll always remember my Resurce teacher, Mrs. Stripling, wh was s kind and ____31____. She immediately recgnized smething in me that I didn’t ____32____ in myself—the gift t create.
“Yu’re really gd at creating ____33____,” she tld me. “Have yu ever dne any creative writing?”
“N,” I tld her.
“Why dn’t I shw yu hw? All yu have t d is ____34____ what yu have in yur mind and put it n paper.” Mrs. Stripling wrked with me and helped me ____35____ my stries during ur days. She ____36____ inspired me t use my ____37____ t create and dream big.
She ffered me a gift by recgnizing my ____38____. Little did Mrs. Stripling knw she was planting ____39____ in my yung heart that wuld ne day flwer int a prfessin f ____40____ and public speaking.
21．A．wanderedB．returnedC．clearedD．disappeared
22．A．take care fB．keep up withC．lk up tD．stay away frm
23．A．mvedB．appintedC．prmtedD．invited
24．A．crazyB．averageC．abnrmalD．mean
25．A．expectB．missC．frgetD．recall
26．A．cmpanyB．classC．fficeD．family
27．A．jumpedB．lkedC．rushedD．stayed
28．A．praisesB．claimsC．debatesD．whispers
29．A．amusedB．depressedC．astnishedD．cnfused
30．A．hweverB．therefreC．mreverD．therwise
31．A．cnvincingB．braveC．encuragingD．serius
32．A．needB．haveC．likeD．see
33．A．excusesB．miraclesC．striesD．trubles
34．A．breakB．limitC．cancelD．present
35．A．cllectB．plishC．retellD．translate
36．A．plitelyB．fficiallyC．randmlyD．patiently
37．A．instructinB．imaginatinC．influenceD．tlerance
38．A．ptentialB．achievementsC．effrtsD．independence
39．A．curisityB．gardensC．beautyD．seeds
40．A．writingB．nursingC．filmingD．farming
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Three-Bdy Prblem, a cartn based n a famus science fictin by Liu Cixin, was released n a vide website last December, with 140 millin peple ____41____ (watch) it in just five days. Science fictin had been a genre dminated by the West befre. Hwever, when the nvel ____42____ (publish) as a series in a dmestic jurnal, Science Fictin Wrld, readers were thrilled that a hardcre science-fictin wrk ____43____ (write) by a Chinese authr had finally appeared. All three bks in the series made ____44____ difference in China, and US bk reviewers gave psitive cmments ____45____ the plts f the stry and the imaginatin f the authr. Attempts were made ____46____ (turn) the stry int a mvie, and nw the fficial cartn has prved that Chinese authrs are creative enugh t write gd science-fictin stries.
Liu Cixin ____47____ (he) is an engineer,a prfessin that lays a slid ____48____ (fund) fr his science-fictin writing. Chinese scientists have made s many achievements lately ____49____ the cncept f spaceships and travel t ther planets in the slar system lks increasingly pssible. We can tell ____50____ (cnfident) The Three-Bdy Prblem cartn sets a gd start fr the science-fictin industry in China.
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I sincerely invite yu t jin in ur Lantern Festival party t be hlding at 2:00 p.m. next Friday n the schl playgrund. Yu may knw that the Lantern Festival mark the end f Chinese Lunar New Year celebrate. On that day, there will be sme traditinal activities. Lantern made int different shapes will be n the display. As a traditin, we attach a riddle t each lantern, and whatever slves any riddle will be awarded a gift. We will als make but enjy sweet Yuanxia tgether. The mst excited part is the dragn dance perfrmance, in which students will be dressed dragn cstumes and dance t the drums. Please let me knw if he can cme.
六、推荐信
52．假定你是李华，你校外教Mr. Smith即将回国，想带一件具有你家乡特色的礼物送给朋友，特写信向你咨询。请给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐礼物；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案：
1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2023年的四个精彩展览。
1．细节理解题。文章The Adventure f Pttery, Kettles Yard, Cambridge部分“Her achievements range frm functinal tableware t elegant bwls and vases. (她的成就从实用餐具到优雅的碗和花瓶不一而足)”可知如果你对餐具感兴趣，你会去The Adventure f Pttery陶器的冒险，故选A。
2．推理判断题。文章Birds f America, Cmptn Verney部分“Cmptn Verney’s grunds are a wildlife reserve, making the perfect setting fr the shw. (Cmptn Verney的场地是一个野生动物保护区，为演出提供了完美的环境。)”可知Cmptn Verney的特别之处是对野生动物来说，这是一个安全的生活场所，故选C。
3．细节理解题。文章Lve Life, Charlestn, East Sussex部分“1 September 2023 - 8 March 2024 (2023年9月1日至2024年3月8日)”；以及Impressinists n Paper, Ryal Academy部分“25 Nvember 2023 - 10 March 2024 (2023年11月25日至2024年3月10日)”可知2023年12月，人们可以参观两个展览，故选B。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术家莲羊为了传播传统的岩彩画艺术所付出的不懈努力。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Carved int the cliffs high abve the Dachuan River, the Mga Grttes in Gansu Prvince cnsist f the largest, richest and lngest-used treasure huse f traditinal art in the wrld, inspiring yung artists t this very day.”（甘肃省莫高窟雕刻在大川河上方的悬崖峭壁上，是世界上最大、最丰富、使用时间最长的传统艺术宝库，至今仍激励着年轻艺术家。）可知，莫高窟是世界上最大、最丰富、使用时间最长的传统艺术宝库，至今仍激励着年轻艺术家，由此可知，莫高窟为年轻艺术家提供了创作灵感。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“She nce wrked nly n ink and digital painting, but sn felt creatively stuck. Then she learned abut mineral clr painting and made it the fcus f her career.”（她曾经只从事水墨和数字绘画，但很快就觉得自己的创作陷入了困境。然后她学习了岩彩画，并将其作为职业生涯的重点。）可知，她的创作进入了瓶颈期，所以她开始学习岩彩画，希望能有所突破，由此可知，她最初专注于岩彩画是为了取得突破。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“T carry frward this painting technique, Lian Yang, an artist in her 30s, decided t make the traditinal art increasingly knwn amng yunger generatins.”（为了发扬这种绘画技巧，30多岁的艺术家莲阳决定让传统艺术在年轻一代中越来越广为人知。）和倒数第二段关键句“She als frequently psts shrt vides cvering the creative prcess f mineral clr artwrks acrss different Chinese scial media, attracting many yung peple.”（她还经常在中国不同的社交媒体上发布涵盖矿物色艺术品创作过程的短视频，吸引了许多年轻人。）可知，她将岩彩画作为职业生涯的重点，为了传播岩彩画，她一直在努力，还通过在社交媒体上发布短视频的方式吸引更多年轻人的关注，由此可知，她是一个意志坚决的人。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段关键句“Inside the grttes, murals (壁画) painted with minerals have std the test f time, still shining bright and brilliant. T carry frward this painting technique, Lian Yang, an artist in her 30s, decided t make the traditinal art increasingly knwn amng yunger generatins.”（石窟内，用矿物绘制的壁画经受住了时间的考验，仍然闪闪发光。为了发扬这种绘画技巧，30多岁的艺术家莲羊决定让传统艺术在年轻一代中越来越广为人知。）可知，本文讲述了艺术家莲羊为了传播传统的岩彩画艺术付出了不懈努力，由此可知，本文主要讲述了推广传统艺术的事情。故选A项。
8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了ChatGPT的功能、其推出后对人工智能全球竞赛的影响和其局限性。
8．细节理解题。由第一段中的“The chatbt is a part f a fresh wave f generative AI — cmplicated systems that prduce cntent frm text t images — that is set t have a great impact n Big Tech, industries and the future f wrk in a decade. (聊天机器人是新一轮生成人工智能浪潮的一部分，这是一个复杂的系统，可以生成从文本到图像的内容，将在十年内对大型科技公司、行业和未来的工作产生巨大影响)”和第二段中的“Transfrmers are specialized algrithms (算法), learning t predict nt just the next wrd in a sentence but als the next sentence in a paragraph and the next paragraph in an essay. This is what allws it t stay n tpic fr lng stretches f text. (Transfrmers是一种专门的算法，它不仅学习预测句子中的下一个单词，还学习预测段落中的下一个句子和文章中的下一个段落。这使它能够在长时间的文本中保持主题)”可知，ChatGPT能自动生成文本。故选A项。
9．词句猜测题。由第一题答案和第三段中的“ChatGPT is trained n a vast number f articles, websites and scial-media psts frm the Internet as well as real-time cnversatins with peple. It learns t mimic the grammar and structure f the writing and reflects frequently-used phrases. (ChatGPT接受了大量来自互联网的文章、网站和社交媒体帖子以及与人的实时对话的培训。它学习mimic写作的语法和结构，并反映常用短语)”可知，ChatGPT接受大量来自互联网的文章、网站和社交媒体帖子以及与人的实时对话的培训，就是为了模仿人类写作的语法和结构，以便能自动生成相应的文本，可得出画线词意为“模仿（mimic）”。故选C项。
10．细节理解题。由第四段中的“OpenAI develped ChatGPT as part f a strategy t build AI sftware that will help the cmpany turn a prfit. (OpenAI开发了ChatGPT，作为构建有助于公司盈利的人工智能软件战略的一部分)”可知，OpenAI开发ChatGPT的主要目的是为了赚更多的钱。故选D项。
11．推理判断题。由第三段中的“But it isn’t always accurate: its surces aren’t fact-checked, and it relies n human feedback t imprve its accuracy. (但它并不总是准确的：它的来源没有经过事实核查，它依靠人类的反馈来提高准确性)”和最后一段中的“Despite its sudden burst in ppularity, the technlgy currently has serius limitatins and ptential risks that include giving misinfrmatin and breaking laws n intellectual prperty (知识产权). (尽管这项技术突然流行起来，但目前仍存在严重的局限性和潜在风险，包括提供错误信息和违反知识产权法律)”可知，ChatGPT并不总是准确的，且目前仍存在严重的局限性和潜在风险，可得出作者认为人类应正确使用ChatGPT。故选B项。
12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，狗能理解人类的意图，可以区分人类的故意行为和意外行为。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Nw, the clse scial bnd between humans and dgs is well established, but researchers have a limited understanding f whether and hw dgs cmprehend human intent. T see if pet dgs can distinguish between intentinal and accidental actins by strangers, Christph Völter at the University f Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria and his clleagues ran tests with humans ffering dgs fd while the animals’ bdy mvements were tracked using eight cameras.”（现在，人类和狗之间的密切社会联系已经建立，但研究人员对狗是否以及如何理解人类意图的了解有限。为了观察宠物狗是否能区分陌生人的故意和意外行为，奥地利维也纳兽医大学的Christph Völter和他的同事对人类提供狗粮进行了测试，同时使用八台摄像机跟踪动物的身体运动）可知，Völter的研究目的是检测狗是否理解人类的意图。故选D项。
13．主旨大意题。根据第二段关键句“Each dg and human were separated by a transparent plastic panel with hles that a slice f sausage culd be passed thrugh. In 96 trials f 48 pet dgs, human participants either teased the dg by hlding up and pulling back a treat, r they pretended t clumsily drp the piece f sausage n their wn side f the panel befre the dg culd eat it.”（每只狗和人都被一块透明的塑料板隔开，塑料板上有一片香肠可以穿过的洞。在对48只宠物狗进行的96项试验中，人类参与者要么通过举起并收回食物来取笑狗，要么假装笨拙地把香肠掉在自己的一边，然后狗才能吃掉）可知，第二段主要介绍了研究的方法，通过人类参与者故意掉落香肠的行为来观察狗的反应，以此推断狗是否理解人类的意图。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The research fund that when humans pretended t drp a treat cmpared with when they intentinally pulled it away, the dgs respnded mre patiently.”（研究发现，与故意把食物拿走相比，当人类假装放下食物时，狗的反应更耐心）和“Dgs that were teased sat, laid dwn and backed away the barrier mre frequently.”（被逗弄的狗更频繁地坐着、躺下和后退离开障碍物）可知，研究发现，与故意把食物拿走相比，当人类假装放下食物时，狗的反应更耐心，反之，当人类故意把食物拿走时，狗会移动的更频繁。由此可知，当香肠被故意拉开时，狗会移动的更频繁。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段的“T see if pet dgs can distinguish between intentinal and accidental actins by strangers, Christph Völter at the University f Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria and his clleagues ran tests with humans ffering dgs fd while the animals’ bdy mvements were tracked using eight cameras.(为了观察宠物狗是否能区分陌生人的故意和意外行为，奥地利维也纳兽医大学的Christph Völter和他的同事对人类提供狗粮进行了测试，同时使用八台摄像机跟踪动物的身体运动)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，狗能区分人类的故意和意外行为，由此可知，这篇文章应该是一份科学报告。故选C项。
16．C 17．G 18．F 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要接受了学习时如何避免分心。
16．根据空前“Hw can yu slve the prblem?(你应该怎样来解决这个问题呢？)”可知，空前提出问题，空后分别给出了几条建议，故此处C项“以下的建议能帮助你。”符合，在此处承上启下，故选C项。
17．根据本段首句“Find a place that makes yu want t study.(找一个能让你想要学习的地方。)”可知，本段主要讲述了找一个让自己想要学习的地方来防止分心，故G项“最重要的事情就是，地理位置能激励你学习。”符合本段末，总结本段内容，故选G项。
18．根据空前“Give yurself a schedule where yu set specific times t study particular subjects.(给自己一个时间表，让你设定学习科目的具体时间。)”可知，F项“这让学习看起来不那么难，能帮助你专注学习。”是前文的顺义承接，F项中的“This”指前文的“Give yurself a schedule”这件事，给自己设置学习时刻表，这能让你的学习看起来不那么难，还能帮助你专注学习，故选F项。
19．根据本段末句“A shrt break helps refresh yu s that yu can stay fcused when yu cme back t studying.(短暂的休息能帮助你提神，这样的话，当你再次回到学习时，你就能保持专注。)”可知，本段主要讲短暂的休息能帮助你专注学习，故A项“给自己一个短暂的学习休息时间”符合本段首句，作为本段的主旨大意句，故选A项。
20．根据空前“Texting, scial media, calls and ther distractins that cme frm ur electrnic devices are sme f the biggest barriers t staying fcused when studying.(来自电子设备的短信，社交媒体、电话和其他干扰是学习时保持专注的最大障碍。)”以及空后“Turn ff the distracting electrnic devices!(关掉打扰人的电子设备。)”可知，空前提到电子设备会打扰专注学习，空后提出了解决方法就是关掉电子设备，故D项“幸运地是，解决方法很简单，而且完全在你的控制范围内。”符合，故选D项。
21．A 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．C 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stripling夫人耐心地启发我运用想象力去创作和实现梦想。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我的思维游离，我在学校里沉浸于自己的内心世界（心事重重）。A. wandered漫游；B. returned归还；C. cleared清理；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“I created my wn inner wrld during schl(我在学校里沉浸于自己的内心世界)”可知，此处是指我的大脑思维“游离”。故选A项。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我努力跟上其他孩子，但我的老师认为我“迟钝”，所以我不得不被转移到一个特殊的教育项目Resurce。A. take care f照顾；B. keep up with跟上；C. lk up t尊敬；D. stay away frm远离。根据下文“but my teacher thught I was “slw”, (但是我的老师认为我“迟钝”。)”可知，此处指我努力“跟上”其他孩子。故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mved移动；B. appinted任命；C. prmted提升；D. invited邀请。根据下文t a special educatin prgram可知，此处指我不得不被“转移到”其他项目。故选A项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不想变得不正常。A. crazy疯狂的；B. average普通的；C. abnrmal反常的；D. mean吝啬的。根据下文“I grabbed my backpack, kept my head dwn(我拿起背包，低着头)”可知，我是“不正常的”。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记第一天Resurce项目的老师走进我的班级，叫我的名字。A. expect期待；B. miss错过；C. frget忘记；D. recall回想起。根据下文the first day可知，此处指我不会“忘记”这一天。故选C项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cmpany公司；B. class班级；C. ffice办公室；D. family家庭。根据上文during schl可知，这是发生在学校的事情，此处指“班级”，故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我抓起书包，低着头冲出教室。A. jumped跳；B. lked看；C. rushed冲；D. stayed停留。根据上文grabbed my backpack可知，此处指“冲出”教室。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我能听到其他孩子的窃窃私语和咯咯的笑声。A. praises赞美；B. claims索赔；C. debates辩论；D. whispers耳语。根据下文“and giggles ”可知，此处指听到“窃窃私语”，故选D项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到压抑的和孤独。A. amused觉得好笑的；B. depressed压抑的；C. astnished惊讶的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据下文的and alne可知，此处指“感到压抑的”。故选B项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这一耻辱的结局并不全是坏事。A. hwever然而；B. therefre因此；C. mrever此外；D. therwise否则。分析句意，前后文是转折关系，所以用hwever符合语境。故选A项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会永远记得我的Resurce项目老师，斯特林夫人，她是如此的善良和鼓舞人心。A. cnvincing令人信服的；B. brave勇敢的；C. encuraging鼓舞人心的；D. serius严肃的。根据下文“She ffered me a gift by recgnizing my(她给了我一个礼物，认可了我的)”可知，此处指“鼓励”我写作，即：鼓舞人心，故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她立刻在我身上发现了一些我自己都没有发现的东西——创作的天赋。A. need需要；B. have拥有；C. like喜欢；D. see看到。根据上文“She immediately recgnized smething in me(她立刻发现了我身上的某种特质)”可知，此处指我自己没有“看到”的东西。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你真的很擅长编故事，”她告诉我。“你写过创意文章吗？”A. excuses借口；B. miracles奇迹；C. stries故事；D. trubles麻烦。根据下文“Have yu ever dne any creative writing?(你曾经进行过创意写作吗？)”可知，此处指写“故事”。故选C项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你所要做的就是把你脑子里的想法呈现出来，然后写在纸上。”斯特林夫人和我一起创作，帮我润色我的故事。A. break打破；B. limit限制；C. cancel取消；D. present呈现。根据下文put it n paper可知，此处指把你的想法“呈现出来”，故选D项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cllect收集；B. plish磨光、润色；C. retell复述；D. translate翻译。根据上文wrked with me and helped me可知，此处指帮助我“润色”文章。故选B项。
36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她耐心地激励我用我的想象力去创造大梦想。A. plitely有礼貌地；B. fficially官方地；C. randmly随机地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文地15题的分析可知，她是有“耐心的”。故选D项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. instructin指导；B. imaginatin想象；C. influence影响；D. tlerance容忍。根据下文的create可知，此处指用“想象力”去创造。故选B项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她发现了我的潜力，给了我一份礼物。A. ptential潜力；B. achievements成就；C. effrts努力；D. independence独立。根据上文“She immediately recgnized smething in me(她立刻发现了我身上的某种特质)”可知，此处直发现了我的“潜力”。故选A项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯特林夫人并不知道她在我幼小的心灵里播下了种子，有朝一日会开花结果，成为写作和演讲的职业。A. curisity好奇心；B. gardens花园；C. beauty美丽；D. seeds种子。根据下文的ne day flwer可知，此处指播下“种子”。故选D项。
40．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. writing写作；B. nursing护理；C. filming拍摄；D. farming农耕。根据上文“Have yu ever dne any creative writing?(你曾经做过创意写作吗？)”可知，此处指“写作”这一职业。故选A项。
41．watching 42．was published 43．written 44．a 45．n 46．t turn 47．himself 48．fundatin 49．that 50．cnfidently
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《三体》这部基于刘慈欣著名科幻小说改编的动画片，在中国取得了巨大成功。文章认为，这表明中国作家足够有创造力，能够写出好的科幻故事，并为中国的科幻产业开了一个好头。同时，文章也提到了中国科学家近来取得的成就，认为太空船和前往其他行星的旅行已经越来越可能。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：《三体》是一部基于刘慈欣著名科幻小说改编的动画片，去年12月在一个视频网站上发布，仅仅五天内就有1.4亿人观看了它。分析句子结构可知，空格处是with复合结构的组成部分。with+名词+分词构成的复合结构充当伴随状语。由于peple和watch是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填watching.
42．考查被动语态。句意：然而，当这部小说连载在国内期刊《科幻世界》上时，读者们感到兴奋。when引导的是时间状语从句，所以动词publish做状语从句的谓语，和主语nvel是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。根据主从句时态一致，要用一般过去时。故填was published。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：读者们感到兴奋，因为一部由中国作者写的硬核科幻小说终于诞生了。分析句子成分可知，write在句中用作非谓语动词充当后置定语，和它修饰的名词是动宾关系，所以用 过去分词作定语。故填written。
44．考查冠词。句意：这个系列的三本书在中国都取得了不小的影响。make a difference是固定搭配，意为“有影响”。故填a。
45．考查介词。句意：美国的书评人也对这个故事的情节和作者的想象力给予了积极的评论。give cmments n sth.是固定搭配，意为“对……做出评论”。故填n。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：有人试图将这个故事改编成电影，现在官方的动画片证明了中国作家足够有创造力，能够写出好的科幻故事。make an attempt t d sth.意为“企图做某事，试图做某事”。所以被动形式为an attempt is made t d sth.。 故填t turn。
47．考查反身代词。句意：刘慈欣是一位工程师，这个职业为他的科幻创作奠定了坚实的基础。人名后面跟反身单词做同位语表示强调。故填himself。
48．考查名词。句意：刘慈欣是一位工程师，这个职业为他的科幻创作奠定了坚实的基础。lay a slid fundatin fr sth.意为“为……奠定基础”。故填fundatin。
49．考查结果状语从句。句意：近来，中国科学家已经取得了很多成就，太空船和前往其他行星的旅行的概念看起来越来越可能。分析空格前后的句意可知，“中国科学家已经取得了很多成就。”导致“太空船和前往其他行星旅行的概念看起来越来越可能”。所以空格处填that，构成引导的结果状语从句。故填that。
50．考查副词。句意：我们可以自信地说，《三体》动画片为中国的科幻产业开了一个好头。分析句子成分可知空格处要填副词作状语修饰tell。故填cnfidently。
51．1.hlding→held
2.mark→marks
3. celebrate→celebratins
4.Lantern→Lanterns
5.删除the
6.whatever→whever
7.but→and
8.excited→exciting
9.dressed后加in
10.he→yu
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了下周五即将在学校操场举办的元宵晚会的相关情况
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：我诚挚地邀请您参加下星期五下午两点在学校操场举行的我们的元宵节晚会。分析句意可知Lantern Festival party和hld之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以此处用不定式的被动形式作后置定语。故将hlding改为held。
2.考查主谓一致。句意：你可能知道元宵节标志着中国农历新年庆祝活动的结束。分析句意可知，本句描述的是一般事实，时态应该用一般现在时，又因为主语Lantern Festival是单数，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故将mark改为marks。
3.考查名词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处应该用名词作介词f的宾语，再分析句意，此处指农历新年庆祝活动，是可数名词用名词复数形式。故将celebrate改为celebratins。
4.考查名词。句意：不同形状的灯笼将被展出。分析句意再根据shapes可知，此处应该用名词复数形式。故将Lantern改为Lanterns。
5.考查固定短语。句意：同上。分析句意可知，此处用固定短语n display表示“展览、展出”同上。故删除the。
6.考查主语从句。句意：按照传统，我们会在每个灯笼上附上一个谜语，谁能解开任何一个谜语，就会得到一份礼物。分析句式结构可知，此处用whever引导主语从句，表示“无论谁”符合语境。故将whatever改为whever。
7.考查连词。句意：我们还将一起制作并享用甜蜜的元宵。分析句意可知，此处是并列关系不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
8.考查形容词。句意：最激动人心的部分是舞龙表演，学生们将穿上龙装，随着锣鼓起舞。分析句意可知，part指物，所以用exciting修饰物表示“令人激动的”符合语境。故将excited改为exciting。
9.考查固定短语。句意：同上。分析句意可知，此处用固定短语be dressed in表示“穿着、打扮”符合语境。故将dressed后加in。
10.考查人称代词。句意：如果你能来，请告诉我。分析句意可知，此处指如果“你”能来。故将he改为yu。
52．Dear Mr. Smith,
Learning that yu will g back hme sn and wish t buy sme gifts fr yur friends, I’d like t share with yu my pinins.
Of all the typical gifts in my hmetwn, I think Chinese stamps are the best chice. Stamps are cnsidered t be nice things t cllect and have lng-lasting value. Besides, stamps cver Chinese landscapes, animal signs and majr events, frm which yur friends can get a better understanding f China. What’s mre, they’re very easy t carry.
Yu can g t any pst ffice in China r its related websites t buy sme. I’m sure Chinese stamps will make yur friends very happy.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给即将回国的外教Mr. Smith回封邮件，向他推荐一件具有你家乡特色的礼物，内容包括：1.推荐礼物；2.说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
购买：buy→purchase
认为：think (that)→hld the belief that
此外：besides→in additin
高兴的：happy→delighted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Stamps are cnsidered t be nice things t cllect and have lng-lasting value.
拓展句：It is well-knwn that stamps are cnsidered t be nice things t cllect and have lng-lasting value.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that yu will g back hme sn and wish t buy sme gifts fr yur friends, I’d like t share with yu my pinins. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, stamps cver Chinese landscapes, animal signs and majr events, frm which yur friends can get a better understanding f China. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句)