中考英语分类汇编专题19 短文填空 考点1 选词填空（教师版）

年中考真题英语分项汇编

专题19 短文填空

考点1 选词填空

Passage 1（ •黑龙江哈尔滨）

用方框中所给词或短语的正确形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空只能填一个单词或一个短语，每个单词或短语限用一次）

Do you have a friend? In the modern____61____, friends are an important part of our life. Without friends, life will be____62____. As a matter of fact,  a true friend reaches for our hands and touches our hearts. Here, let me____63____my friend Jack to you. Jack is a handsome boy who____64____. When I was in Grade Seven, I took part in an English singing____65____. When the result came out, I learned I failed! I could hardly hold back my tears. I felt that the world became cold and I was____66____at by everyone. How sad I was! Just at that time, I received a letter in English, saying, "Cheer up! Have confidence in yourself. Keep on practicing and you'll succeed." I knew it was from my friend Jack.____67____words encouraged me greatly. From then on, I practiced even harder. When I was in Grade____68____, I took part in another contest and won first prize. I'm so lucky to have such a good friend. 

【文章大意】本文通过讲述作者和朋友之间发生的故事，来告诉我们在当今社会朋友的重要性。

61. society【解析】句意：在现代社会，朋友是我们生活中的一个重要部分。

modern是形容词，后接名词作宾语。根据In the modern及所给选词，可知，此空表示“在现代社会”， social是形容词，其对应的名词是society，所以空格处填society。故答案为society。

62. boring【解析】句意：没有朋友，生活将会很枯燥。

be是系动词，后接形容词作表语。根据friends are an important part of our life，可知，朋友是我们生活中的一个重要部分，所以没有朋友，生活将会很枯燥，bored修饰人，boring修饰物，此句的主语是life，所以空格处填boring。故答案为boring。

63. introduce【解析】句意：来，让我把我的朋友杰克介绍给你们。

根据my friend Jack to you及所给选词，可知，是将杰克介绍给你们，固定搭配：introduce sb to sb“把某人介绍给某人”，let sb+do sth“让某人做某事”，所以此空填动词原形introduce。故答案为introduce。

64. is of medium height【解析】句意：杰克是一个中等身高的帅气男孩。

根据句子结构，此句是一个定语从句，空格处修饰boy，从句中缺少谓语和其他成分。结合所给选词，此句表示“杰克是一个中等身高的帅气男孩”，boy是单数名词，并且主句是一般现在时，所以空格处填一般现在时is of medium height。故答案为is of medium height。

65. competition【解析】句意：当我在7年级时，我参加了一个英语歌唱比赛。

an是不定冠词，后接可数名词单数。根据When the result came out, I learned I failed及所给选词，可知，作者参加了一个英语歌唱比赛，compete是动词，其对应的名词是competition，所以空格处填competition。故答案为competition。

66. laughed【解析】句意：我感到世界变得冰冷，我被大家嘲笑。

by everyone表示“被大家”，此句要用被动语态be done的结构。根据at by everyone及How sad I was，可知，作者认为大家都在嘲笑他，他感到很难过，所以空格处填过去分词laughed。故答案为laughed。

67. These【解析】句意：这些话极大地鼓舞了我。

根据句意，此空指代朋友杰克说的话。words是复数形式，结合所给选词，此空填复数代词these，表示“这些话”，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，所以空格处填These。故答案为These。

68. Eight【解析】句意：当我在八年级时，我参加了另一个比赛并获得了第一名。

Grade表示“年级”，后接首字母大写的基数词，结合所给选词，eighth是序数词，其对应的基数词是eight，所以空格处填Eight。故答案为Eight。

Passage 2（ •四川凉山州）

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，并将其答案写在答题卡上相应的位置。每词限用一次。

When you see quite a beautiful girl on the street, which word will you use to describe the beauty of her? In Chinese, we may use these Chinese sayings as Chenyuluoyan or Biyuexiuhua. However, do you know where the sayings are ___56___?

In Chinese ancient history, there ___57___ four well-known beauties named Xishi, Wang Zhaojun, Diaochan and Yang Yuhuan. Here are two ___58___ about Xishi and Wang Zhaojun.

Xishi lived during the Spring and Autumn period. One day, she ___59___ to a river to wash silk with her friends. Some fish were swimming in the clear water. When the fish saw Xishi, they swam down to the bottom of the water ___60___. The fish were shocked by the beauty of Xishi and felt embarrassed of ___61___.

Wang Zhaojun lived during the Han Dynasty. The king of Han wanted to send her to the king of the enemy country as a gift. A few days later, ___62___ Wang was on the way with a group of guards, something interesting happened. There was a wild goose ___63___ above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang ___64___ it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.

Nowadays, if a girl's beauty is overwhelming, we can say she is the one that “can make the fish sink and the wild goose ____65____”.

【文章大意】文章主要是讲述中国人一般形容一个女孩漂亮就用 “沉鱼落雁”和“闭月羞花”两个成语，并且举例中国古代的两个美人的故事来解释“沉鱼落雁”的由来。

56. from【解析】句意：你知道这些谚语是从哪里来的吗？

根据句意理解及句中的疑问词where可知，这里表达的是“来自哪里”，英语中表达“来自”是be from，所以这里应该填from，故答案为from。

57. were【解析】句意：在中国古代历史上，有西施、王昭君、貂蝉、杨玉环四大美人。

根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“有”，且空格前有there，所以这里空格应该用be动词，而这里说的是中国古代的时候，所以应该用过去时，空格后面的名词是beauties，所以这里be动词应该用复数形式，故答案为were。

58. stories【解析】句意：这里有两个关于西施和王昭君的故事。

根据句意理解及空格后about Xishi and Wang Zhaojun.以及后文的描述可知，这里表达的是“故事”，英语是story，而空格前是two，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为stories。

59. went【解析】句意：一天，她和朋友们去河边浣纱。

根据句意理解及后句to a river to wash silk with her friends可知，这里表达的是“去”，英语是go to，而这里说的是过去的事情，所以应该用过去时，故答案为went。

60. quickly【解析】句意：它们快速地游到水底。

根据句意理解及后句The fish were shocked by the beauty of Xishi可知，这里表达的是“快速”，空格在句中修饰的是动词，所以应该用副词的形式，故答案为quickly。

61. themselves【解析】句意：鱼儿们被西施的美丽惊呆了，感到局促不安。

根据句意理解及前句When the fish saw Xishi, they swam down to the bottom of the water _____.可知，这里表达的是“为自己感到尴尬”，主语fish是复数名词，所以这里应该用themselves表示，故答案为themselves。

62. while【解析】句意：几天后，当王昭君和一群警卫在路上时，发生了一件有趣的事情。

根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，空格后面Wang was on the way with a group of guards是一个句子，所以这里应该用连词连接，且这里表达的是“当……时”，所以选择用while，故答案为while。

63. flying【解析】句意：有一只大雁飞在王昭君的头顶。

根据句意理解及空格前a wild goose可知，这里表达的是“飞”，英语是fly，而这里表达的是“正在飞”，符合There be … doing结构，所以空格应该用ing形式，故答案为flying。

64. that【解析】句意：它被王的美貌惊呆了，甚至忘了拍打翅膀。

根据句意理解及空格前的句子It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang可知，这里表达的是“如此……以至于”，英语是so … that，引导的是结果状语从句，所以这里应该用that，故答案为that。

65. fall【解析】句意：我们可以说她是那个“沉鱼落雁”的人。

根据句意理解及前文There was a wild goose _____ above the head of Wang Zhaojun. It was so shocked by the beauty of Wang ____ it even forgot to flap wings. Then it fell down heavily into the forest.可知，这里表达的是“掉落”，英语是fall，而由空格前的make the fish sink可知，这里表达的是“使某人……”，英语是make sb do，所以空格应该用动词原形，故答案为fall。

Passage 3（ •新疆维吾尔自治区(建设兵团)）

根据短文内容,在每个空格处填写一个适当的词,使文章意思完整且符合逻辑。(每空一词)

Scott often goes to supermarket for shopping. One day, he went to shop at the supermarket ___66___ usual. While he was looking for a parking space, he saw a goose (鹅 ) standing in the middle of the road. He thought it might be injured, he parked the car and ___67___ a look. However, the goose looked angry and tried to drive him away. He could do ___68___ but leave.

When Scott finished shopping and walked out of the supermarket, he was surprised ___69___ what he saw. The goose was still walking around the parking lot, and there was ___70___ goose not far away. A few traffic cones( 锥形警告路标 ) had been put around it. Scott knew it was a female from its feather. A man from the supermarket told Scott they had done so in order to ___71___ "the family". The family? Yes, the female goose was found laying ___72___.

A few hours ago, Scott shared this ___73___ story on the Internet. Indeed, it was just a small thing, but showing the ___74___ of human nature. If all of us can____75____ peacefully with animals, we believe that our earth will become better.

【文章大意】文章讲述了Scott在一次购物的途中，发现了一只站在路中间的鹅，他想上前去看看，但是那只鹅却很生气，等他购物出来之后，那只鹅还在那里，并且在不远处还多了一只鹅，且周围放置锥形警告路标的措施，后来超市人员告诉他，他们这样做是因为有一只鹅正在孵蛋，是为了保护它。这个小小的举动不但体现了人性的善良，也展现了人与动物和谐相处的一面。

66. as【解析】句意：一天，他像往常一样去超市购物。根据句意理解及前句Scott often goes to supermarket for shopping.可知，这里表达的是“像往常一样”，英语是as usual，故答案为as。

67. had【解析】句意：他认为它可能受伤了，就把车停下来看了看。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“看一看”，英语是短语have a look，而and并列前面用的是过去时，所以空格动词应该也用过去时，故答案为had。

68. nothing【解析】句意：他只能离开。根据句意理解及空格后的but leave可知，这里表达的是“什么也做不了”，英语是do nothing but do sth.，所以空格应该填nothing，故答案为nothing。

69. at【解析】句意：他对所看到的感到惊讶。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“对……感到惊讶”，英语是be surprised at sth，所以空格缺的是at，故答案为at。

70. another【解析】句意：不远处还有一只鹅。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“另一只鹅”，英语是another，表示不确定数量的另一个，后接单数名词，故答案为another。

71. protect【解析】句意：超市的一名男子告诉斯科特，他们这么做是为了保护“家人”。

根据句意理解及前句A few traffic cones( 锥形警告路标 ) had been put around it.以及后句Yes, the female goose was found laying ___7___.可知，这里表达的是“保护”，英语是protect，而空格前有to，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为protect。

72. eggs【解析】句意：是的，母鹅被发现在产卵。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“下蛋”，英语是lay an egg/ lay eggs，而空格前面没有不定冠词，所以这里应该用复数形式，故答案为eggs。

73. moving【解析】句意：几个小时前，斯科特在网上分享了这个感人的故事。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“感人的故事”，英语中表达“感人的”是moving/ moved，而空格修饰的是名词story，所以应该用ing形容词，故答案为moving。

74. kindness【解析】句意：这只是一件小事，却显示出人性的善良。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“善良”，英语是kind，而空格前有定冠词the，所以需要的是一个名词，kind的名词是kindness，故答案为kindness。

75. live【解析】句意：如果我们所有人都能与动物和平共处，我们相信我们的地球会变得更好。根据句意理解可知，这里表达的是“生活，居住”，英语是live，而空格前有情态动词can，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为live。

Passage 4（ •浙江省宁波市）

用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空, 每词仅用一次 (每空一词) 。

Music helps us exercise—but why does it have this effect? Experts say there are two main reasons.

The ___56___ is simple: music takes our attention away. When we listen to a song we like, our brains focus on the music. For example, After we exercise ___57___ 20 minutes, our body might be tired. But we may not feel this immediately ___58___ we are listening to music. So we can exercise a little longer.

Music also makes us want to move. When we hear dance music, for example, we naturally start to move to the beat. A positive song also puts us in a good mood, so we feel much ___59___. This gives us energy and helps us exercise longer. Music with a quick and continuing beat is good for exercising. "But the music shouldn't be too fast, "___60___ Dr. Costas, a famous sports expert. In general, songs in the range of 120-140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best.

【文章大意】音乐帮助我们锻炼——但它为什么会有这种效果呢?本文给出了我们原因：一是音乐分散了我们的注意力；二是音乐也让我们想要运动。

56. first【解析】句意：第一个原因很简单:音乐分散了我们的注意力。

根据上文Experts say there are two main reasons. 专家称主要有两个原因。结合The __1__ is simple: music takes our attention away.及备选词汇，可知此处说的是第一个原因；one是基数词，表示数目，这里表示的是顺序，应用其序数词，故答案为first。

57. for【解析】句意：例如，在我们锻炼了20分钟后，我们的身体可能会很累。

根据For example, After we exercise __2__ 20 minutes, our body might be tired.结合备选词汇，可知是锻炼了20分钟后，我们的身体可能会很累。for后接一段时间，故答案为for。

58. because【解析】句意：但我们可能不会立刻感觉到，因为我们在听音乐。

根据But we may not feel this immediately __3__ we are listening to music.可知前后句之间是因果关系，结合备选词汇，可知because符合题意，故答案为because。

59. happier【解析】句意：一首积极的歌也能让我们心情好，所以我们感觉更快乐。

根据A positive song also puts us in a good mood, so we feel much __4__.结合备选词汇，可知是积极的歌也能让我们心情好，所以我们感觉更快乐。happy高兴的、快乐的，形容词，由语境可知，这里暗含比较级，所以应用其比较级形式happier，much修饰形容词的比较级，故答案为happier。

60. says/said【解析】句意：“但是音乐不能太快，”著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说。

根据"But the music shouldn't be too fast, "__5__ Dr. Costas, a famous sports expert. 结合备选词汇，可知这是著名的体育专家科斯塔斯博士说的话，所以这里应用say来填空，联系上下文语境可知，这里的时态用一般现在时和一般过去时均可，主语为第三人称单数，所以动词也要用第三人称单数形式says，say的过去式为said；故答案为says/said。