2023届山东省济南市高三下学期一模考试英语试题及答案

这是一份2023届山东省济南市高三下学期一模考试英语试题及答案，文件包含2023届山东省济南市高三一模英语试题解析版docx、2023届山东省济南市高三一模英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共25页， 欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Get ready t start yur jurney t the best public university system in the wrld-with just ne applicatin.
Apply fr mre than ne UC campus
This will significantly increase yur chances f being admitted t the UC system. While yu may nt receive an ffer f admissin frm yur first-chice campus,all f ur campuses-withut exceptin-prvide utstanding pprtunities fr yu t learn and grw.
Apply n time
Yu can fill ut the applicatin in as many sessins as yu want. Just remember t submit it by Nvember 30 fr the fall term.
Create an accunt
An email address and passwrd are required in rder t create an accunt. Yu shuld use the email accunt yu use fr all applicatins, just t make it easier t remember. We als recmmend yu use a nn-schl issued email accunt e. g. Gmail, Yah. Campuses send imprtant and time-sensitive crrespndence t applicants, s yu shuld check yur email regularly t fllw up n yur applicatin.
Save infrmatin
Yu shuld click “Save & Cntinue” at the bttm f each page t save any entered infrmatin-there is a 20-minute inactivity perid after which the applicatin will autmatically sign yu1 ut. If yu’ve successfully answered all required questins, the page will be marked with a checkmark n the right-hand side.
Cnfirmatin
Once yu’ve submitted yur applicatin, yu’ll see a cnfirmatin page with imprtant reminders and yur UC applicatin ID number which is used t access the varius campus websites and, in many cases, t access yur admissin decisins.
1. What shuld students d t increase admissin chances?
A. Submit applicatins n time.B. Apply fr multiple campuses.
C. Open mre than ne accunt.D. Decide n ne ideal campus.
2. Hw can students learn abut the latest applicatin prcess?
A. By checking the email.B. By visiting the campus.
C. By making phne calls.D. By signing up fr Yah.
3. What will students get after cmpleting the applicatin?
A A checkmark.B. A cnfirmatin call.
C. A “Cntinue” buttn.D. A UC applicatin ID number.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了投递申请进入世界上最好的公立大学系统的步骤和流程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段标题“Apply fr mre than ne UC campus”（申请不止一所大学学院。）和第二段第一句“This will significantly increase yur chances f being admitted t the UC system.”（这将极大增加你被大学学院系统录取的机会。）可知，申请多所大学学院是学生增加录取机会的方法。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Campuses send imprtant and time-sensitive crrespndence t applicants, s yu shuld check yur email regularly t fllw up n yur applicatin.”（校园发送最重要时效性的信件给申请者，所以你应该定期检查你的邮件去跟进你的申请。）可知，学生了解最新申请进程是通过查看邮件。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Once yu’ve submitted yur applicatin, yu’ll see a cnfirmatin page with imprtant reminders and yur UC applicatin ID number which is used t access the varius campus websites and, in many cases, t access yur admissin decisins.”（一旦你提交了申请，你就会看到一个确认页面上面有重要的提醒和您使用的大学校园申请的身份号码，这可以用来访问各种校园网站，在很多情况下，还可以查看你的录取决定。）可知，学生在完成大学学院申请后可以获得一个大学校园申请的身份号码。故选D项。
B
On Mndays, tw f my children get ready fr schl in an unusual way. Each packs plenty f fd and water, a pair f rubber bts and smetimes a cup f ht chclate. Then, I drp them ff at a nearby park where they spend the entire day utside at a certified frest schl.
When I first signed them up fr frest schl prgram, I lved the idea, but as a mum, I was cncerned abut a few things: Wuld they be cmfrtable utside fr that lng? Wuld they stay engaged fr that many hurs? Then I asked them if time ever seemed t mve slwly, they stared at me in cnfusin. They didn’t understand my questin, which fittingly remved it.
In this prgram, kids direct their wn play, climbing tall trees r testing ice n the frzen lake. They are never tld their play is t high r t sharp, but are rather trusted t self- adjust. Smething else my sns appreciate abut frest schl is nt being tld t mve n t the next activity, but being left t stay in a particular spt fr as lng as their curisity allws. :
“What abut all the things they’re missing in real schl?” cncerned parents have asked me. Neither f their classrm teachers thinks it’s a prblem but mst significantly, my kids are learning new and different skills that a classrm cannt teach. They are learning t sit silently and bserve nature up clse-a skill that’s virtually impssible t develp in a nisy and vercrwded classrm setting. They are making scial cnnectins acrss a brader range f age grups. They cperate tgether, using their different sizes and strengths t fulfill varius rles within their games.
I appreciate it that frest schl is shaping my bys’ relatinship with the utdrs. They’re learning hw t spend extended perids f time in nature, what t d t pass the time, and develping knwledge that will get them much clser t nature in the cming decades.
4. What is special abut the frest schl prgram?
A. Teachers engage in kids’ play.B. Kids play and learn utdrs.
C. It fcuses n nature prtectin.D. It ffers varius fd and drinks.
5. Hw did the authr feel abut kids’ reactin t her questins?
A. Awkward.B. Cncerned.C. Relieved.D. Prud.
6. What des Paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. The cncerns caused by the prgram.
B. The benefits gained frm rle plays.
C. The skills acquired by children.
D. The games lved by teachers.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Nature: a wnderland fr the yung
B. Frest schl prgram prves a hit
C. Parks are replacing traditinal schls
D. Frest schl: a fine place fr my kids
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了作者送孩子在一所认证的森林学校度过一整天，在那里孩子们接近大自然，能学到很多学校内学不到的各种技能，同时也描述了家长们的忧虑。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Each packs plenty f fd and water, a pair f rubber bts and smetimes a cup f ht chclate. Then, I drp them ff at a nearby park where they spend the entire day utside at a certified frest schl.(每个人都带了大量的食物和水，一双橡胶靴，有时还有一杯热巧克力。然后，我把他们送到附近的一个公园，在那里他们在一所经过认证的森林学校度过一整天。)”以及第三段中的“In this prgram, kids direct their wn play, climbing tall trees r testing ice n the frzen lake.(在这个项目中，孩子们指导自己的游戏，爬高大的树木或在冰冻的湖面上测试冰。)”可知，孩子们带着的都是与户外活动需要的东西，而且他们会在户外自己指引自己玩耍，爬树等一些自己喜欢做的事情，由此可知，这个森林学校项目特殊之处在于孩子们在户外玩耍和学习。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Then I asked them if time ever seemed t mve slwly, they stared at me in cnfusin. They didn’t understand my questin, which fittingly remved it.(然后我问他们时间是否过得很慢，他们困惑地盯着我。他们不明白我的问题，这就恰当地消除了它。)”可知，孩子们对作者的问题感到很迷惑，这也消除了作者的担忧，由此可知，见到孩子们的这种反应，使得作者打消了顾虑。故选C项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中的主题句“Neither f their classrm teachers thinks it’s a prblem, but mst significantly, my kids are learning new and different skills that a classrm cannt teach.(他们的老师都不认为这是个问题，但最重要的是，我的孩子们正在学习新的和不同的技能，这是课堂上无法教授的。)”以及下文中的详细介绍的孩子们能学到的各种技能可知，在这所森林学校，孩子们在学习一些学校里面学不到的技能。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I appreciate it that frest schl is shaping my bys’ relatinship with the utdrs. They’re learning hw t spend extended perids f time in nature, what t d t pass the time, and develping knwledge that will get them much clser t nature in the cming decades.(我很感激森林学校塑造了我的孩子们与户外的关系。他们正在学习如何在大自然中度过更长的时间，做什么来打发时间，并发展知识，使他们在未来的几十年里更接近大自然。)”以及全文讲述的内容可知，作者介绍的这所森林学校的特殊之处，以及孩子们在这里能学到许多学校内学不到的技能，作者感激森林学校可以塑造孩子与户外的关系，所以本文的题目为“森林学校，一个对我的孩子很好的地方”概括了文章的主题。故选D项。
C
There is nthing quite like enjying the sights, sunds and culture f a city while tasting a cup f cffee utdrs. But it is nt that enjyable when heat waves sweep the city. An utdr cling system prduced by Kinnk, an Israeli (以色列的) cmpany, began t be tested in Tel Aviv. The sweltering city is a perfect place t try the new technlgy.
With glbal warming heating up the temperature, it will sn be t ht t sit utside in cafes. While utdr cling systems have existed fr a while, mst f them use sme srt f water r misting system t cl the air arund them, cnsuming t much water and pwer. After tw years f develpment, the perfect slutin t the prblem was fund. “We have invented a new generatin f air cnditiner, ” Kinnk CEO Leizer said.
As Leizer intrduced, the energy is frm the pressure created between liquid nitrgen (氮) and gas nitrgen. When liquid nitrgen at -196 degrees turns int gas, it prduces a very strng pressure and the pressure is used t run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slwly releases freezing nitrgen gas t cl dwn the air arund it.
The technlgy is unique and amazing. Beynd the clness f the cncept, it als has ther advantages. The wrk unit desn’t need t be pwer-driven, and desn’t blw ut harmful warm air as it wrks. As fr the ptential price, it will prbably be n mre expensive than any ther air cnditiner. In additin, the liquid nitrgen cntainer will need t be replaced every seven t ten days, depending n usage. This makes it an affrdable ptin fr all srts f businesses. The cling system is expected t be n the market in 2024.
8. What des the underlined wrd “sweltering” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. Warm.
B. Dry.
C. Ht.
D. Freezing.
9. What prblem des the existing utdr cling systems have?
A. They are wasteful.
B. They verheat easily.
C. They ften break dwn.
D. They are slw t cl the air.
10. What des Paragraph 3 mainly explain?
A. What pwers the engine.
B. What turns liquid int gas.
C. Hw the pressure is frmed.
D. Hw the new system wrks.
11. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T prmte a cmpany.
B. T settle an energy crisis.
C. T intrduce a technlgy.
D. T market a misting system.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开始进入测试阶段的一种室外冷却系统，这项新技术有望在2024年投入市场，使人们在炎热的天气下，能够重享在室外喝咖啡的快乐。
【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“But it is nt that enjyable when heat waves sweep the city.(但当热浪席卷城市时，就不那么令人愉快了)”可知，这座城市是非常闷热的。由此可知，“The sweltering city”指的是这座闷热的城市，划线词sweltering意为“闷热的”。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“While utdr cling systems have existed fr a while, mst f them use sme srt f water r misting system t cl the air arund them, cnsuming t much water and pwer.(虽然室外冷却系统已经存在了一段时间，但大多数都使用某种水或喷雾系统来冷却周围的空气，消耗了太多的水和电力)”可知，现在的室外冷却系统消耗过多的水和电力，是比较浪费的。故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“When liquid nitrgen at -196 degrees turns int gas, it prduces a very strng pressure and the pressure is used t run a mechanical engine. It is that mechanical engine that slwly releases freezing nitrgen gas t cl dwn the air arund it.(当零下196度的液氮变成气体时，会产生很强的压力，这种压力被用来驱动机械发动机。正是这个机械发动机缓慢地释放出冰冷的氮气来冷却周围的空气)”可知，该段主要描述了这种新的冷却系统是如何工作的。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“An utdr cling system prduced by Kinnk, an Israeli (以色列的) cmpany, began t be tested in Tel Aviv.(以色列Kinnk公司生产的室外冷却系统开始在Tel Aviv进行测试)”和最后一段“The technlgy is unique and amazing.(这项技术是独特而令人惊叹的)”及“The cling system is expected t be n the market in 2024.(该冷却系统预计将于2024年上市)”可推知，本文的主要目的是向人们介绍一种新的室外冷却技术。故选C。
D
In cnversatins with strangers, peple cmmnly tend t think they shuld speak less than half the cnversatin time t be likable. But we’ve discvered this idea is wrng. Our data shws that peple tend t think they shuld speak abut 45% f the time t be likable in a ne-n-ne cnversatin with smene new. Hwever, it appears speaking up a bit mre is actually a better strategy.
In ur research, we randmly assigned peple t speak fr 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% f the time in a cnversatin with smene new. We fund that the mre they spke, the mre they were liked by their new partners. This was nly ne study with 116 participants, but the utcme is supprted by ther researchers’ findings. Fr example, a previus study randmly assigned ne in a pair t take n the rle f “speaker” and the ther t take n the rle f “listener. ” After engaging in 12-minute interactins, listeners liked speakers mre than speakers liked listeners because listeners felt mre similar t speakers than speakers did t listeners. This utcme suggests the reasn peple prefer thse wh speak up: Learning mre abut a new partner can make yu feel like yu have mre in cmmn with him r her.
Further, we assigned peple t speak fr up t 70% and even 90% f the time. The result shws it is nt an ideal strategy. Our research des nt suggest peple hld dwn a cnversatinal partner but rather that they feel cmfrtable speaking up mre than they usually might.
Research like urs can help peple gain a ‘mre reasnable understanding f scial interactins with new peple and becme mre cnfident abut hw t make a gd first impressin. It has the bvius benefit f allwing us t carefully cntrl speaking time. Hwever, it des nt reflect mre natural cnversatins. Future research shuld figure ut whether ur findings generalize t mre natural interactins.
12. What is the cmmn belief cncerning cnversatins with strangers?
A. Speaking a little less is preferred.
B. Speaking half the time is the best.
C. Listeners are mre likable than speakers.
D. Listeners fail t cntrl the cnversatins.
13. Hw was the research carried ut?
A. By analyzing speaking habits.
B. By making cmparisns.
C. By listing examples.
D. By cllecting data.
14. What is the disadvantage f the research?
A. The cnversatin time is limited.
B. Further study is hard t cntinue.
C. The findings are less widely appliable.
D. Interactins with strangers are missing.
15. In which situatin can the research finding be applied?
A. Attending a family gathering.
B. Partying with yur friends.
C. Meeting a new teacher.
D. Making a public speech.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In cnversatins with strangers, peple cmmnly tend t think they shuld speak less than half the cnversatin time t be likable.（在与陌生人交谈时，人们通常倾向于认为他们说话少于一半的时间才能讨人喜欢。）”，可知，关于与陌生人交谈的普遍看法是“少说一点是最好的”，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In ur research, we randmly assigned peple t speak fr 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% f the time in a cnversatin with smene new. We fund that the mre they spke, the mre they were liked by their new partners.（在我们的研究中，我们随机分配了一些人，让他们在与陌生人对话时，用30%、40%、50%、60%的时间说话。我们发现，他们说得越多，他们的新合作伙伴就越喜欢他们。）”，可知，研究是“通过“比较说话时间”来实施的。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, it des nt reflect mre natural cnversatins. Future research shuld figure ut whether ur findings generalize t mre natural interactins.（然而，它并没有反映出更自然的对话。未来的研究应该弄清楚我们的发现是否适用于更自然的相互作用。）”，可知，这项研究的缺点是“这些发现的适用性不那么广泛”，故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究，该研究发现可以应用于“与一位新老师初次见面”，其中new是关键词，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sme f the best rad trips are unplanned. Yu simply grab a few items, jump in a car and set ff. Hwever, this apprach invlves sme risk. ____16____ That’s why the first rule f rad trip planning is t bring alng whatever yu might need t have fun. Sme fd, a guitar, and a cler full f drinks can g a lng way.
Planning a rad trip can be almst as fun as the trip itself. Sme well-designed travel guides may be f great help. ____17____ Fr the lgically-minded, the management f speed, fuel, accmmdatin and timing details can present a rewarding jurney.
____18____ Highways make it pssible t drive acrss an entire cuntry withut seeing anything r meeting anyne. The mre yu skip freeways in favr f scenic highways, the mre yu’re likely t get ut f yur trip.
Once yu’ve figured ut yur plan rughly, fill in the details, and bear in mind that maps and satellite navigatin systems are nt always up t date. ____19____ Remember, the mre yu prepare nw, the better equipped yu’ll be if yu decide t change yur trip later r have t deal with an unfreseen prblem.
Bking accmmdatin and having backup plans can make r break a trip especially if yu want t visit sme remte byways with limited accmmdatin pprtunities. ____20____ In sme areas, especially the American West, gas statins can be a hundred miles away.
A. Yu can find this infrmatin nline.
B. Yu may end up in a bring part f twn.
C. It’s gd t take an emergency phne with yu.
D. A quick lk thrugh them can fuel yur inspiratin.
E. Research as much as pssible and crss-reference yur surces.
F. When planning yur rute, cnsider what kinds f rads t take.
G. Als, be sure t investigate fuel availability where yu’re headed.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章就如何制定较好的自驾游计划方面给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据上一句“Hwever, this apprach invlves sme risk. ”（然而，这种方法涉及一些风险）和下一句“That’s why the first rule f rad trip planning is t bring alng whatever yu might need t have fun.”（这就是为什么自驾游计划的第一条规则是带上你可能需要的任何东西来玩得开心。），选项B. Yu may end up in a bring part f twn.（你可能会在城里一个无聊的地方结束行程。）具体这种方法描述了可能存在风险，承接上句；选项B中“bring”与下一句的“have fun”相对应，并解释了下一句中要带上任何可能需要的东西的原因，衔接合理，符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上一句“Sme well-designed travel guides may be f great help. ”（一些精心设计的旅游指南可能会有很大帮助。），选项D. A quick lk thrugh them can fuel yur inspiratin.（快速浏览它们可以激发你的灵感。）中的“them”指代上一句中的“travel guides”，并且进一步说明了这些旅游指南会给人带来的帮助，承接上句，语意合理。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Highways make it pssible t drive acrss an entire cuntry withut seeing anything r meeting anyne.”（高速公路使开车穿越整个国家而看不到任何东西或遇见任何人成为可能。）和“The mre yu skip freeways in favr f scenic highways, the mre yu’re likely t get ut f yur trip.”（你越不走高速公路，而选择风景优美的高速公路，你就越有可能从旅行中收获更多。）可知，选择好合适的道路，会在旅行中有着不同的收获，选项F. When planning yur rute, cnsider what kinds f rads t take.（在规划你的路线时，要考虑要走什么样的路。）较好地表达了这层含义，与下文语意衔接，符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
上一句“Once yu’ve figured ut yur plan rughly, fill in the details, and bear in mind that maps and satellite navigatin systems are nt always up t date.”（一旦你粗略地确定了你的计划，就要补充细节，并记住地图和卫星导航系统并不总是最新的。）指出了要详细制定计划，以防一些数据更新不及时；选项E. Research as much as pssible and crss-reference yur surces.（尽可能多地进行研究，互相对照你的信息来源。）对上一句提出了具体的解决办法；同时下一句“Remember, the mre yu prepare nw, the better equipped yu’ll be if yu decide t change yur trip later r have t deal with an unfreseen prblem.”（记住，你现在准备得越多，当你决定改变行程或不得不处理不可预见的问题时，你就会有更好的准备。）进一步说明了多研究、多准备的好处，故选项E承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
上一句“Bking accmmdatin and having backup plans can make r break a trip, especially if yu want t visit sme remte byways with limited accmmdatin pprtunities. ”（预订住宿和准备备用计划可以成就或毁掉一场旅行，特别是如果你想去一些住宿机会有限的偏远偏僻的地方。）指出了预订住宿和备用计划的重要性，选项G. Als, be sure t investigate fuel availability where yu’re headed.（此外，一定要调查你要去的地方的燃料供应情况。）补充说明了提前了解燃料供应的重要性，承接上句；而下一句“In sme areas, especially the American West, gas statins can be a hundred miles away.”（在某些地区，特别是美国西部，加油站可能在100英里之外。）也具体解释了为什么要提前了解燃料供应情况的原因，故选项G承上启下，语意合理。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D. 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I retired, my wife Peg said “Great! Yu’ll have time t clean the garage!” After 30 years’ ____21____ as directr f a radi statin, I wuld finally have mre time fr husewrk, but I wrried I’d lse the sense f____22____ I had felt in my prfessin.
I pushed at the garage’s wden drs, but they were as ____23____as I felt in this new stage f my life. I finally gt the drs pen and started t empty the shelves. Then my hand hit smething ____24____. It was a cmmn ld metal can. I ____25____ the cver and fund a ____26____ envelpe with a pstmark f May 13, 1940 inside. ____27____, I pened it and fund sme flwer seeds in it, “ Eighty years ld! I wnder if they’ll still grw. ”
I ____28____the seeds in a plastic pt. I checked it every day, but nthing happened. “I guess they’re just t ____29____t be any gd, ” I tld Peg in ____30____ . I picked up the pt t get rid f it, but smething made me ____31____. I changed my mind and set it aside. Meanwhile, I was keeping ____32____, buying sme bks t imprve my phtgraphy skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew abut gardening and dgs.
Six weeks later, I was ut in the yard when I ____33____ t ntice the pt. A new bit f green-a leaf had ____34____. I prudly shwed it ff t my granddaughters. “Lk, girls, even smething this ld can still ____35____’ fr its purpse and be pretty cl. Just like yur grand- papa!”
21. A. dreamB. beliefC. studyD. service
22. A. freedmB. purpseC. trustD. security
23. A. wrnB. stuckC. brkenD. lst
24. A. delicateB. specialC. hardD. sharp
25. A. remvedB. washedC. cleanedD. fastened
26. A. labeledB. selectedC. yellwedD. ruined
27. A. CuriuslyB. SincerelyC. SkillfullyD. Bravely
28. A. cllectedB. plantedC. abandnedD. stred
29. A. ldB. wetC. weakD. small
30 A. angerB. surpriseC. regretD. relief
31. A. delayB. reflectC. hesitateD. disappint
32. A. upsetB. awakeC. scialD. busy
33. A. expectedB. attemptedC. failedD. happened
34. A. shwed upB. fallen ffC. taken ffD. dried up
35. A. cmpeteB. grwC. surviveD. relax
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者退休后在打扫仓库时发现一包存放了80年的种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。人也应该像这些种子一样带着使命感生活，即使退休不工作了。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在担任了30年的电台台长之后，我终于有了更多的时间来做家务，但我担心我会失去我在这个职业中的使命感。A. dream梦想；B. belief信念；C. study学习；D. service效劳，工作。根据前文“When I retired”和后文“as directr f a radi statin”可知作者在电视台作为台长工作了30年。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在担任了30年的电台台长之后，我终于有了更多的时间来做家务，但我担心我会失去我在这个职业中的使命感。A. freedm自由；B. purpse目标，计划；C. trust信任；D. security安全。根据最后一段“fr its purpse”和“Just like yur grand- papa!”可知，刚退休时，作者担心在生活中没有“目标”，也做不好打扫仓库等这样的事情，a sense f purpse意为“使命感，决心”。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：推了推车库的木门，但它们就像我在生活的这个新阶段感到的那样卡住了。A. wrn用旧的，穿破的，累的；B. stuck卡住的；C. brken损坏的，破裂的；D. lst丢失的。根据前文“I pushed at the garage’s wden drs”，“but”以及后文“I finally gt the drs pen”可知，这个门卡住了，就像我的退休后的生活一样。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我的手碰到了什么硬物。那是一个普通的旧金属罐。A. delicate脆弱的；B. special特别的；C. hard坚硬的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据后文“It was a cmmn ld metal can.”可知，我的手触碰到的是一个金属罐；它是坚硬的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开盖子，发现里面是一个发黄的信封，邮戳是1940年5月13日。A. remved移除；B. washed洗；C. cleaned清洁；D. fastened系紧。根据“the cver and fund”可知是打开盖子后才发现里面的东西，故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打开盖子，发现里面是一个发黄的信封，邮戳是1940年5月13日。A. labeled贴标签；B. selected挑选；C. yellwed变黄；D. ruined毁灭。根据后文“with a pstmark f May 13, 1940 inside”可知，由于年代久远，信封早已泛黄。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我好奇地打开它，发现里面有一些花籽。“八十年了！我想知道它们是否还会继续生长。” A. Curiusly好奇地；B. Sincerely真诚地；C. Skillfully熟练地；D. Bravely勇敢地。根据前文“with a pstmark f May 13, 1940 inside”可知，作者对这个邮戳日期很早的信封很感兴趣，所以好奇地将它打开。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把种子种在一个塑料盆里。A. cllected收集；B. planted种植；C. abandned抛弃；D. stred储存。根据后文“he seeds in a plastic pt”可知，作者把种子种在塑料盆里。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想它们存放的时间太长了，不能再成为什么好东西了。”我遗憾地告诉佩格。A. ld陈旧的，存在……久的；B. wet湿的；C. weak虚弱的；D. small小的。根据前文“Eighty years ld! I wnder if they’ll still grw. ”及“ I checked it every day, but nthing happened. ”可知，作者认为种子没发芽，是因为它们存放时间太久了，故选A项。
30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想它们存放的时间太长了，不能再成为什么好东西了。”我遗憾地告诉佩格。A. anger愤怒；B. surprise惊讶，惊喜；C. regret遗憾，后悔；D. relief欣慰。根据前文“I checked it every day, but nthing happened. ”可知，作者期待的种子没有发芽，因此他很遗憾的告诉佩格。in grief表示“遗憾地”。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿起塑料盆想把它扔掉，但某个东西让我犹豫了。A. delay推迟；B. reflect反映，反思；C. hesitate犹豫；D. disappint使失望。根据前文“ I picked up the pt t get rid f it”，“but”以及后文“I changed my mind and set it aside. ”可知，作者想把它扔掉时又犹豫了。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我一直很忙，买了一些书来提高我的摄影技能，并把我知道的关于园艺和狗的一切教给我的孙女们。A. upset不安的；B. awake醒着的；C. scial社交的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“buying sme bks t imprve my phtgraphy skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew abut gardening and dgs”可知，我一直忙碌着，也忘了种子的事情。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个星期后，我在院子里偶然发现了这个花盆。A. expected期待；B. attempted努力，尝试；C. failed失败；D. happened发生、碰巧。根据上文“ Meanwhile, I was keeping 12 , buying sme bks t imprve my phtgraphy skills and teaching my granddaughters everything I knew abut gardening and dgs.”和后文“A new bit f green-a leaf ”可知，这段时期我一直忙着别的事情，忘记了种子的事情，六周后我下院子里 意外发现了种子发芽。happen t表示“碰巧”。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一片新的绿叶出现了。A. shwed up出现；B. fallen ff跌落；C. taken ff起飞，突然成功；D. dried up干涸。根据前文“A new bit f green-a leaf ”和后文“Lk, girls, even smething this ld can still 15 ’ fr its purpse and be pretty cl. ”可知，新的绿叶出现了。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“看，女孩们，即使是存放时间这么久的种子仍然可以为了它的目的而生长，而且很酷。你们的爷爷也要这样！”A. cmpete竞争；B. grw生长；C. survive生存；D. relax放松。根据前文“A new bit f green-a leaf ”和后文“fr its purpse”可知，这些种子为了自己的目标而生长。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When yu set ft in Nanhan village, Hebei Prvince, yu will be amazed at what yu see. An ancient stne gate first greets yur eyes ____36____ the entrance t the village. As yu explre it ____37____ (far), rws f ancient buildings and carved drways spring int view.
Nanhan has a lng histry f prducing ____38____ have been widely recgnized as fine crafts (工艺品) at hme and abrad. Althugh there has been back and frth in the village develpment, the villagers’ craftsmanship has managed t survive the test f time and get ____39____ (carry) frward. With the supprt f lcal authrities, the traditinal crafts business has expanded ver the years and increased the lcals’ incme. They have cme t believe that pssessing a handicraft skill can enable them ____40____ (make) a living. Liu Juncha, the yungest craftsman in the village, ____41____ (start) t learn abut craftsmanship at a wrkshp in the village after graduatin frm high schl. He is nw preparing t build a public cultural and creative educatin center t prvide free ____42____ (train) fr yung peple wh are interested in learning handicrafts, and will als use shrt-vide platfrms t release free teaching ____43____(vide).
The village has stepped up supprt fr lcal craftsmen and carried ut educatin fr villagers, s mre peple can cmmit ____44____ (they) t taking up lcal craftsmanship. The idea is t carve ut ____45____new rad f beautiful cuntryside that is ideal fr living, wrking and traveling.
【答案】36. at 37. further##farther

38. what 39. carried
40. t make
41. started
42. training
43. vides 44. themselves 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以手工制品而出名的河北南汉村运行模式及发展等内容。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：在村口，一扇古老的石门首先映入眼帘。分析句子可知，在某个“小地点”时，可使用介词at，at the entrance，意为“在入口处”。故填at。
【37题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：当你进一步探索时，成排的古建筑和雕刻的门廊映入眼帘。根据后文“rws f ancient buildings and carved drways spring int view.”可知，需要“深入”探索才能看到以上景象。故填further或farther。
【38题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：南汉有着生产在国内外都被广泛认可为精品工艺品的悠久的历史。分析句子可知，该句是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“被广泛认可的事情”，因此需使用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然村庄的发展有来有往，但村民的手工技艺经受住了时间的考验，得以发扬光大。分析句子可知，空处是get+过去分词结构，表示某一事件的发生，此处表示村民的手工技艺被发扬光大，因此需使用过去分词。故填carried。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们开始相信掌握一门手艺就能谋生。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语enable sb. t d sth.，意为“使某人能够做某事”。故填t make。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：刘俊超是村里最年轻的工匠，高中毕业后在村里的一个作坊里开始学习工艺。分析句子可知，“高中毕业学习工艺”是过去事实，因此使用一般过去时。故填started。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：他目前正在筹建公共文创教育中心，为有兴趣学习手工艺的年轻人提供免费培训，还将利用短视频平台发布免费教学视频。分析句子可知，形容词free后接名词，且training意为“培训；训练”时为不可数名词。故填training。
【43题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他目前正在筹建公共文创教育中心，为有兴趣学习手工艺的年轻人提供免费培训，还将利用短视频平台发布免费教学视频。分析句子可知，教学视频不止一个，因此使用其复数形式。故填vides。
【44题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：该村加强了对当地工匠的支持，并对村民进行了教育，让更多的人能够投身到当地的手工艺中来。分析句子可知，此处是固定短语cmmit neself t ding sth.，意为“致力于做某事”，且主语mre peple表示复数概念，因此使用反身代词的复数形式。故填themselves。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们的理念是开辟一条生活、工作和旅游理想之地的美丽乡村新道路。 分析句子可知，此处表示泛指“一条新的道路”，且new是以辅音音素开头的词，使用不定冠词a。故填a。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，时值春暖花开，万物复苏，请你围绕“走进春天，锻炼身体”这一主题，在校英文报上发一封倡议书，要点如下：
1．倡议的目的;
2．具体内容;
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear friends,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Unin
【答案】Dear friends,
Spring has cme! Flwers are blssming and everything is cming back t life. It is high time that we embraced the bright spring and built up ur bdy. S it is strngly advcated that we g utdrs and take exercise regularly.
First, we are suppsed t d mre sprts daily, which is definitely beneficial t ur immune system. We can play ball games, jg r take a walk after schl. Besides, at weekends, it is a gd chice t g hiking with ur friends r family.
Let's act tgether nw t strengthen ur physical health and create a better life.
The Students’ Unin.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕“走进春天，锻炼身体”这一主题，在校英文报上发一封倡议书,要求写出倡议的目的和具体内容。
【详解】1.词汇积累
拥抱：embrace →hug
应该：be suppsed t →shuld
此外：besides → what’s mre
选择：chice →ptin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, at weekends, it is a gd chice t g hiking with ur friends r family
拓展句：Besides, at weekends, it is a gd chice t g hiking with ur friends r family，which cntributes t yur cmmunicating with each ther.
【点睛】【高分句型1】S it is strngly advcated that we g utdrs and take exercise regularly.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First, we are suppsed t d mre sprts daily, which is definitely beneficial t ur immune system.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The incident tk place at Cheektwaga, a twn in Erie Cunty, New Yrk, in the middle f a histric and dangerus snwstrm. I had gne ut t visit my friend living in anther cunty, but unfrtunately I gt stuck and was unable t drive further.
I fully realized hw dangerus this wuld be as there was nt enugh gas left in the truck fr me t get thrugh the deadly snwstrm. The situatin gt even wrse in such a place withut any huses in sight.
I stayed in my truck, calling fr help anxiusly but the weak signal didn’t help me get cnnected. There was nthing I culd d but wait. At midnight, there came a knck utside the truck. I pened the dr and surprisingly fund an ld lady standing in the strm with just a thin cat, clearly nt enugh t survive the snwstrm. I invited her t get inside my truck at nce. She tld me in a weak vice that her name was Mary and her car brke dwn. She had walked a lng way befre finding my truck.
Misfrtune never came alne. Sn, we realized the air cnditiner burned all the fuel in my truck and it was getting clder and clder inside the truck. Mary clsed her eyes withut saying a wrd, shaking in the crner. Cnsidering Mary’s cnditin, I decided t take actin right nw. Luckily, the GPS f my truck still wrked. And with the help f GPS, I nticed that a schl was nearby. I decided t take shelter in the schl. Since Mary was t weak t mve, I carried her n my back, heading t the schl. After ten minutes’ struggle in the snw, we finally arrived, but fund the schl gate lcked.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I hesitated abut what I shuld d.
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The next mrning, a pliceman drve by and fund the gate brken.
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【答案】Mary was still shivering and seemed t be in a wrse cnditin. I had n chice but t find a way t break int the schl. Frtunately, with the help f a snw shvel lying next t the gate, I managed t make it. I fund the nearest classrm and laid Mary n ne f the benches. I als fund a pile f unused blankets and used them t wrap Mary up. I felt satisfied that I had dne everything that I culd t help her.
He came in t investigate. When he entered the classrm, he fund me and Mary still asleep, wrapped in blankets. He wke us up and asked if we needed any help. I gratefully accepted his ffer t drive us t the nearest gas statin. I filled up my truck and made sure it had enugh fuel t get me t my destinatin safely. As I waved gdbye t the pliceman, I culdn’t help but think abut hw lucky I was t have Mary’s unexpected appearance that night. Withut her, I might nt have been able t survive the dangerus snwstrm.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇以时间顺序为线索的记叙文。讲述了作者在开车看朋友途中遭遇严重的暴风雪，无法继续开车前行，周围没有居民，同时，车内所剩汽油不多，手机没有信号无法求救，待在车里等待的时候，半夜有人敲车窗，作者开门发现是一个衣衫单薄马上就要坚持不住的老妇人玛丽。作者让她上车，但由于汽油烧完，车内空调没法运转，玛丽的情况很危急，作者利用车里的导航发现不远处有学校，于是背着玛丽走到学校，但校门紧锁，作者又想办法打开门，找到毯子，最终使玛丽避免被冻死。第二天，巡逻警察发现了她们，并最终帮助她们加满油，走出困境。作者通过此次遭遇也感受到，意外出现的玛丽让作者一心救人，最终两人都脱险，也帮助作者完成了自救。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“犹豫着接下来要怎么做。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何开展具体行动拯救情况危急的玛丽。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，警察开车路过，发现学校大门被打开了。”可知，第二段可描写警察发现作者和玛丽并帮助她们。
2.续写线索：打开门——取暖——警察询问——帮助——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①发抖：shake/shiver
②破门而入：break int/get int
③挺过，熬过：survive/get thrugh
情绪类
①感激地：gratefully/thankfully
②满意的：satisfied/cntent/pleased/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I felt satisfied that I had dne everything that I culd t help her. （由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]. When he entered the classrm, he fund me and Mary still asleep, wrapped in blankets. （when引导的时间状语从句,非谓语动词wrapped做宾语补足语）