海南省2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末学业水平诊断（一）试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份海南省2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末学业水平诊断（一）试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

海南省2022—2023学年高一年级学业水平诊断(一)
英 语
考生注意：
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上, 并将考生号条形码粘 贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡 上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15.
答案是C。
1. Who is studying abroad?
A. The man.
B. The woman speaker.
C. The woman speaker’s mom.
2. What makes some farmers struggle?
A. Higher production costs.
B. Lack of well-paid jobs.
C. Drop of the rice price.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The harm of smoking. B. Steps to quit smoking. C. The population of smokers.
4. What is the man going to do?
A. Take a walk with the woman.
B. Do some shopping.
C. Tour the beach.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a plane. C. In a car.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完 后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man think of city life?
A. Quiet. B. Tiring. C. Easy
7. What might the man do next?
A. Look for an apartment. B. Walk around his house. C. Move outside the city.
听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. What is the woman doing?
A. Planting a flower. B. Making clothing. C. Running after a butterfly.
9. What does the woman have to do?
A. Wait patiently.
B. Spend much time on the work.
C. Work hard with teammates to win.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends B. Strangers. C. Husband and wife.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. Which pet has three colors?
A. Monk B. Cuddy, C. Kneesaa.
12. How many pets does the man have?
A. Two B. None. C. Three.
13. What is the woman like according to the conversation?
A. Loving. B. Hard-working. C. Outgoing
听第9段材料, 回答第14至16题。
14. What color is the Christmas Rabbit mostly?
A. Red. B. B]ack. C. White
15. How do kids get the candy and chocolate?
A. They buy them from the shops.
B. They get them from neighbors.
C. They themselves look for them.
16. What once puzzled the woman about the Christmas Rabbit?
A. Its age B. Its size. C. Its looks.
听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。
17. Why did Nahid drop out of school?
A. There was no school bus.
B. She had too much housework to do.
C. Her family was too poor.
18. What do we know about Bihar?
A. It is an Indian state.
B. It is the poorest state in the world.
C. Its government sells bikes to girls.
19. What did Luseno do last year?
A. She left school. B. She changed school. C. She went to school by bike.
20. What mainly prevents girls from attending school?
A. Their family. B. A long way to go to school. C. Bad school conditions.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。
A
Four Recommended Books on New Science
Cats vs Dogs
¥111. 00
The animal world is a strange and wonderful place, and scientists are always discovering fascinating and surprising truths into the lives of everything from the tiniest insect to the biggest animal. Brought together for the first time, Cats vs Dogs describes the very best animal-related questions and answers from New Scientist readers. Cats vs Dogs shows the animal kingdom you’ve never seen before.
This Book Could Fix Your Life
¥94. 00
We all want to be happier, more successful and less stressed, but what really works?
From building confidence to forming better relationships and getting smarter(and healthier), This Book Could Fix Your Life explores the real science behind self-help based on the latest research in New Scientist.
Full of scientific advice and packed with experiments you can try on yourself, this book really could help you fix your life.
Chance
¥68. 00
Looking into what we call chance, and what it really means, Chance is part of a best-selling New Scientist series bringing together some of New Scientist’s sharpest minds, this time to provide fascinating understanding of the strange world of what we call chance.
Explore everything from the secrets of coincidence to the science of accidental number generation. Learn more about what chance really means in this best-selling New Scientist series.
Anti-Zoo
¥85. 00
Which animal has the biggest mouth? Can crocodiles use tools? Are sheep really as stupid as everyone thinks? Find out the answers to all these questions, and many more, in New Scientist’s Anti-Zoo. Prepare to meet 50 of the strangest, most frightening and unexpected animals known to science. From the world’s nicest bird(which has a really, really dark side)to the fly that hits its way through solid rock, these are unique creatures of the animal kingdom.
1. What can readers get from This Book Could Fix Your Life?
A. Good ways to raise pets. B. Keys to understanding the latest research.
C. Opportunities for success. D. Advice on improving their life.
2. Which word can best describe the creatures in Anti-Zoo?
A. Nice. B. Smart C. Unusual. D. Dangerous.
3. Which book might interest a person who would like to try his luck?
A. Chance. B. Anti-Zoo. C. Cats vs Dogs. D. This Book Could Fix Your Life.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据This Book Could Fix Your Life部分中“Full of scientific advice and packed with experiments you can try on yourself, this book really could help you fix your life.(这本书充满了科学建议和你可以自己尝试的实验，真的可以帮助你改善你的生活)”可知，读者能从This Book Could Fix Your Life这本书中学到关于改善他们生活的建议。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Anti-Zoo部分中“Which animal has the biggest mouth? Can crocodiles use tools? Are sheep really as stupid as everyone thinks? Find out the answers to all these questions, and many more, in New Scientist’s Anti-Zoo. Prepare to meet 50 of the strangest, most frightening and unexpected animals known to science. From the world’s nicest bird(which has a really, really dark side)to the fly that hits its way through solid rock, these are unique creatures of the animal kingdom.(哪种动物的嘴最大？鳄鱼会使用工具吗？绵羊真的像大家想的那样愚蠢吗？在《新科学家》的《反动物园》中找到所有这些问题的答案，还有更多。准备好迎接科学界已知的50种最奇怪、最可怕、最意想不到的动物吧。从世界上最好的鸟(它有非常非常黑暗的一面)到能穿过坚硬岩石的苍蝇，这些都是动物王国里独特的生物)”可知，Anti-Zoo中的动物是不寻常的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chance部分中“Explore everything from the secrets of coincidence to the science of accidental number generation. Learn more about what chance really means in this best-selling New Scientist series.(探索一切，从巧合的秘密到意外数字生成的科学。在这个畅销的《新科学家》系列中了解更多关于巧合的真正含义)”可知，Chance会让想碰碰运气的人感兴趣。故选A。
B
A task called “Operation Noah’s Ark” was carried out to cage (装笼子) and ship hundreds of birds off Pine Island in Florida after it was hit hard by Hurricane (飓风) lan.
The government called on people of Pine Island to give up their homes because of damaged roads including a broken bridge that prevented deliveries of food, gas and other life-supporting supplies.
But Will Peratino and Lauren Stepp did not want to leave and give up their 275 parrots at the Malama Manu Sanctuary. “We would not give them up. I would never leave them. Never,” Stepp told The Associated Press. “If they cannot be fed or watered, they will die. And I can’t live with that.”
The birds had been relying on food donated by wildlife officials since Hurricane lan hit, but the supply of fruit, peanuts and other foods would soon be hard to come by because of the broken bridge and the lack of gas on the island.
Bryan Stern, the founder and leader of Project Dynamo, said his team had saved at least six dogs and three cats before Tuesday’s massive rescue (救援). “Our saved animal numbers are small compared with the number of the 100 cages of parrots that we are about to save,” Stern said, before carrying out the rescue task. “Will and Lauren own the preserve, and their hearts and souls are in the birds. So they’re going through their own suffering from the hurricane and having to rebuild their lives. They lost all kinds of things.”
The volunteers were not about to let that happen. For several hours, the volunteers used nets and their hands to put the birds into cages. “To have every bird safe is a huge task,” Peratino said. “I mean, it’s almost impossible to do. So the help we’ve gotten has been priceless.”
4. Why did the officials ask people to leave the island?
A. The destroyed homes needed rebuilding. B. The parrots no longer needed their help.
C. There were no roads to deliver goods. D. A more powerful hurricane would come.
5. Why did Peratino and Stepp refuse to leave the island?
A. To repair their house. B. To carry out their experiment.
C. To help with the rescue. D. To take care of their parrots.
6. What can be learned from Stern’s words?
A. A new home will be built for Peratino and Stepp.
B. Many more animals need to be saved.
C. Parrots are more important than other animals.
D. All animals will be taken away in cages.
7. What did Peratino think of the volunteers’ effort?
A. It was meaningful. B. It was not worth the risk.
C. It encouraged more people to take part. D. It turned out to be fruitless.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一项名为“诺亚方舟行动”的任务被执行，在佛罗里达州的松树岛遭受飓风重创后，马拉马马努保护区数百只鹦鹉被志愿者装入笼子并运送出去的事件。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“A task called “Operation Noah’s Ark” was carried out to cage (装笼子) and ship hundreds of birds off Pine Island in Florida after it was hit hard by Hurricane (飓风) lan. (一项名为“诺亚方舟行动”的任务在佛罗里达州的松岛受到飓风“兰”的严重袭击后进行，将数百只鸟关在笼子里并运送出去)”可知，松岛遭遇了飓风袭击；第二段“The government called on people of Pine Island to give up their homes because of damaged roads, including a broken bridge that prevented deliveries of food, gas and other life-supporting supplies. (政府呼吁松树岛的人们放弃他们的家园，因为道路受损，包括一座断桥，阻碍了食品、天然气和其他生活必需品的运送)”可知，因为飓风导致道路、桥梁受损，松岛上的人将无法得到食物、天然气和其他生活用品，所以官员们要求岛上的人们离开这个岛。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“But Will Peratino and Lauren Stepp did not want to leave and give up their 275 parrots at the Malama Manu Sanctuary. (但威尔·佩拉蒂诺和劳伦·斯特普不想离开，他们不想放弃在马拉马马努保护区的275只鹦鹉)”以及最后一句“If they cannot be fed or watered, they will die. And I can’t live with that. (如果它们得不到食物和水，它们就会死。我无法忍受)”可知，Peratino和Stepp拒绝离开这个岛，他们要留下来照顾保护区里的275只鹦鹉。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““Our saved animal numbers are small compared with the number of the 100 cages of parrots that we are about to save,” Stern said, before carrying out the rescue task. “Will and Lauren own the preserve, and their hearts and souls are in the birds. So they’re going through their own suffering from the hurricane and having to rebuild their lives. They lost all kinds of things.”(“与我们即将拯救的100笼鹦鹉相比，我们拯救的动物数量很少，”斯特恩在执行救援任务前说。“威尔和劳伦拥有保护区，他们的心和灵魂都在鸟类身上，所以他们正在经历飓风带来的痛苦，不得不重建他们的生活。他们失去了所有的东西。”)”可知，从斯特恩的话中可知，他们这次的行动能拯救100笼鹦鹉；根据第三段第一句“But Will Peratino and Lauren Stepp did not want to leave and give up their 275 parrots at the Malama Manu Sanctuary. (但威尔·佩拉蒂诺和劳伦·斯特普不想离开，他们不想放弃在马拉马马努保护区的275只鹦鹉)”可推断，保护区里还有更多的动物需要被拯救。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“For several hours, the volunteers used nets and their hands to put the birds into cages. “To have every bird safe is a huge task, ”Peratino said. “I mean, it’s almost impossible to do. So the help we’ve gotten has been priceless.”(志愿者们用了几个小时的时间用网和手把这些鸟放进笼子里。“确保每只鸟的安全是一项艰巨的任务，”佩拉蒂诺说。“我的意思是，这几乎是不可能的。所以我们得到的帮助是无价的。”)”可推知，Peratino认为志愿者的努力是有意义的。故选A项。
C
Recently 14-year-old Harini Logan won the Scripps National Spelling Bee in the United States. She correctly spelled 22 words during 90 seconds. Most Americans, however, would find it difficult to spell any of these words!
From an early age, native English speakers know there are clear differences between how words are pronounced and how they are spelled. But they do not know that the differences are unique to English among major languages. Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter matches one sound. Students studying these languages can have 90 percent reading accuracy(正确率)after the first year.
In English, many letters have two or more sounds. This is why even after years of learning, students of English are still far below Italian or Finnish students in reading accuracy.
English started as a Germanic language. It is most closely connected to German and Dutch, especially in grammar and basic vocabulary. During the Norman attack in the 12th century, Old English was spoken but French was used in government and formal papers. As a result, more French and Latin words entered the English language.
The printing machine was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. The English of today is how the language was written at the time.
However, the spoken language started to change in the 1500s with the pronunciation of all long vowels(元音) , especially in southern England. For example, the word “bite” was pronounced closer to “beet” in the 1400s, before changing through the years to its present sound. The effect was that the English language had old spellings, but new sounds.
English has 26 letters, but over 44 different sounds depend on the difference of spoken English. There are several sounds from only one letter. For example, the letter“C”can sound like an“S”as in“city”, and it also sounds like a“K”as in“cat” .
8. Why is Italian easier to spell than English?
A. There’re fewer Italian letters. B. It is used more widely.
C. Each letter of it has a certain sound. D. The words of it are made up of fewer letters.
9. What role did the invention of the printing machine play?
A. It helped connect written and spoken English.
B. It made written English much simpler.
C. It changed the spoken language.
D. It separated spelling from pronunciation.
10. What influence did the spoken language change have in the 1500s?
A. Spellings matched sounds. B. English was easier to learn.
C. Old spellings were changed. D. New pronunciation appeared.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. What Is the Best Way to Master English?
B. Why Is Spelling in English So Difficult?
C. How Has English Developed into a Modern Language?
D. When Did Letters Start to Have More than One Sound?
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过14岁的哈里尼·洛根赢得了美国斯克里普斯全国拼写比赛的故事，引出本文要谈论的话题——导致英语词汇书写困难的因素。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Languages like Italian or Finnish can be spelled more easily because each letter matches one sound. (像意大利语或芬兰语这样的语言更容易拼写，因为每个字母都匹配一个声音。)”可知，意大利语比英语更容易拼写，因为它的每个字母都有一个特定的发音。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The printing machine was invented in the late 1400s. This helped to establish English spelling and strengthen the connection between how English is spoken and how it is written. (印刷机发明于15世纪晚期。这有助于建立英语拼写，并加强英语口语和写作之间的联系。)”可知，印刷机的发明有助于连接书面英语和口语。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“The effect was that the English language had old spellings but new sounds. (结果是英语有了旧的拼写，但有了新的发音。)”可知，16世纪英语口语变化带来的影响是，英语保留了旧的拼写，但产生了新的发音。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently, 14-year-old Harini Logan won the Scripps National Spelling Bee in the United States. She correctly spelled 22 words during 90 seconds. Most Americans, however, would find it difficult to spell any of these words!(最近，14岁的哈里尼·洛根赢得了美国斯克里普斯全国拼字比赛。她在90秒内正确拼写了22个单词。然而，大多数美国人会发现这些单词都很难拼写!)”及全文可知，通过14岁的哈里尼·洛根赢得了美国斯克里普斯全国拼写比赛的故事，引出本文要谈论的话题——为什么英语词汇书写困难。所以“Why Is Spelling in English So Difficult?(为什么英语拼写这么难?)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
D
Latin America’s first renewable fuel-powered, trash-trapping wheel is cleaning one of Panama’s dirtiest rivers. A local environmental group led the effort.
The wheel is powered by water and sun energy. It pulls waste out of the Juan Diaz River. Most of the waste comes from the capital area of Panama City, where about 2 million people live. Thousands of kilograms of rubbish flow down the river into the ocean each year.
Robert Getman is the leader of the project. “Cleaning beaches is good,” he said, “but it is more effective and cheaper to trap rubbish in rivers because when it reaches the ocean, the environmental and economic cost becomes too high.”
The environmental group Marea Verde created the wheel, which is named Wanda Diaz, in late September. By the middle of October, Wanda had gathered 28. 6 cubic meters of plastic bottles from the water.
The Juan Diaz River is one of the most polluted in Panama. Waste systems in the area are poor, and land development is not well supervised. The river also passes through Panama City, one of Central America’s largest cities.
Over five years, Marea Verde projects have slowed the spread of rubbish along Panama’s rivers and coastline. Earlier, the group introduced its “Barrier or Trash”technology, a floating device. It caught more than 100 metric tons of waste in the Matias Hernandez River between 2019 and 2020.
“We want to raise awareness that we can prevent the death of this very important river,”said Marea Verde member Sandy Watemberg. She expressed her hope that the wheel will help. But she also pointed to the need for those who use single-use plastics to rethink their behavior. “The most important thing is to achieve a change in habits,” she said.
12. What makes the wheel the first of its kind?
A. Its size. B. Its power. C. Its shape. D. Its color.
13. Which statement matches Robert Getman’s opinion?
A. We’d better remove rubbish before it enters the sea.
B. We should clean beaches so as not to pollute the sea.
C. It’s cheap for humans to clean up the ocean.
D. It’s better to leave waste in the sea than in the river.
14. What does the underlined word “supervised” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Supposed. B. Protected. C. Accepted. D. Controlled.
15. What did Sandy Watemberg call on people to do?
A. Support the project. B. Use single-use plastics more.
C. Change their habits. D. Realize the danger the river is in.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了拉丁美洲首个以可再生燃料为动力的垃圾收集轮正在清理巴拿马一条最脏的河流。当地的一个环保组织领导了这项工作。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Latin America’s first renewable fuel-powered, trash-trapping wheel is cleaning one of Panama’s dirtiest rivers.(拉丁美洲首个以可再生燃料为动力的垃圾收集轮正在清理巴拿马一条最脏的河流)”可知，供能系统让这个轮子成为同类中的第一个。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Robert Getman is the leader of the project. “Cleaning beaches is good,” he said, “but it is more effective and cheaper to trap rubbish in rivers because when it reaches the ocean, the environmental and economic cost becomes too high.”(Robert Getman是该项目的负责人。“清理海滩很好，”他说，“但把垃圾困在河里更有效、更便宜，因为当垃圾流入海洋时，环境和经济成本太高了。”)”可知，Robert Getman认为我们最好在垃圾进入海洋之前把它清除掉。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The Juan Diaz River is one of the most polluted in Panama. Waste systems in the area are poor, and land development is not well”可知，胡安迪亚兹河是巴拿马污染最严重的河流之一。该地区的废物处理系统很差，由此可知，其土地开发也没有得到很好的保护。故画线词意思是“保护”。故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But she also pointed to the need for those who use single-use plastics to rethink their behavior. “The most important thing is to achieve a change in habits,” she said.(“但她也指出，那些使用一次性塑料的人需要重新思考他们的行为。“最重要的是要改变习惯，”她说。)”可知，Sandy Watemberg号召人们改变他们的习惯。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项 涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Saving Seeds for Next Year’s Flower Garden
Just like vegetable seeds (种子), you can save flower seeds from your garden this year to plant in the following year.
If you want the same kind of flower or plant for next year’s garden, collect only the seeds from plants marked as “heritage”. ____16____ Cross seeds with a mixture of two different parents will produce new plants, but they will only look like one of the parents. Therefore, you are taking a risk with planting cross seeds.
Even if you expect plants to be the same as their parents, it is not certain. Wind or insects could bring pollen from one plant to another and accidentally create a mixture. ____17____ But if you like surprises, start experimenting! You could create a lovely new plant or flower!
Just like everything else in gardening, timing is important. Collect seeds on a dry, sunny day. ____18____ When their pods open, these plants could send their seeds up to 6 meters away. Once on the ground, it is difficult to collect them. Instead, tie a small bag for seed collection over the pod when it nearly opens.
For plants like sunflowers, cut the head off the plant and drop it into a paper bag. ____19____ This will save your fingers!
You can place the seeds in a glass box that can be sealed. Then store them in a cool, dry area. Make sure to mark your glass box so you do not forget what they are. ____20____ But you should plant the new seeds the following year for best results.
A. Keep an eye on some flowers.
B. Let the seeds grow and fall naturally.
C. Give the bag a shake to help separate the seeds.
D. When stored with care, seeds are good for several years.
E. These kinds of plants will grow just like their parent plant.
F. In this case, add more seeds to the soil to make sure that some will grow.
G. You can avoid this by planting only the plant from which you plan to collect seeds.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为明年的花园保存种子的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If you want the same kind of flower or plant for next year’s garden, collect only the seeds from plants marked as “heritage”.(如果你明年的花园想要同样的花或植物，只收集标记为“遗产”的植物的种子)”以及后文“Cross seeds with a mixture of two different parents will produce new plants, but they will only look like one of the parents. Therefore, you are taking a risk with planting cross seeds.(两种不同亲本的杂交种子会产生新的植株，但它们看起来只像其中一种亲本。因此，种植杂交种子是有风险的)”可知，上文提到了收集标记为“遗产”的植物的种子，本句承接上文说明其结果：这些植物会像它们的母体植物一样生长。故E选项“这些植物会像它们的母体植物一样生长”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Even if you expect plants to be the same as their parents, it is not certain. Wind or insects could bring pollen from one plant to another and accidentally create a mixture.(即使你期望植物和它们的父母一样，这也是不确定的。风或昆虫可以将花粉从一种植物带到另一种植物，并意外地形成混合物)”可知，本句承接上文说明如何避免意外情况：通过只种植你打算收集种子的植物来避免这种情况。故G选项“你可以通过只种植你打算收集种子的植物来避免这种情况”符合语境，故选G。
18题详解】
根据上文“Just like everything else in gardening, timing is important. Collect seeds on a dry, sunny day.(就像园艺中的其他事情一样，时机很重要。在干燥晴朗的日子收集种子)”以及后文“When their pods open, these plants could send their seeds up to 6 meters away. Once on the ground, it is difficult to collect them. Instead, tie a small bag for seed collection over the pod when it nearly opens.(当它们的豆荚打开时，这些植物可以把种子送到6米外的地方。一旦落到地面，就很难把它们收集起来。相反，当豆荚快打开时，在豆荚上系一个用于收集种子的小袋子)”可知，文章主要说明了收集种子时，时机的重要性，故B选项“让种子自然生长和落下”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“For plants like sunflowers, cut the head off the plant and drop it into a paper bag.(对于像向日葵这样的植物，剪下植株的头，把它扔进一个纸袋里)”以及后文“This will save your fingers!(这将拯救你的手指！)”可知，本句是在说明何种行为可以拯救手指：摇一摇袋子，帮助分离种子。故C选项“摇一摇袋子，帮助分离种子”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“You can place the seeds in a glass box that can be sealed. Then store them in a cool, dry area. Make sure to mark your glass box so you do not forget what they are.(你可以把种子放在一个可以密封的玻璃盒里。然后将它们储存在阴凉干燥的地方。一定要在你的玻璃盒子上做上标记，这样你就不会忘记它们是什么)”可知，本段主要是关于种子的储存的，故D选项“如果小心储存，种子可以保存好几年”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I knew I wasn’t adopted(领养)when I was growing up. My older brother, Eddie and I looked too much the same because our ____21____ were the perfect combination(结合)of our Mom’s and Dad’s. ____22____, I did feel different.
My oldest brother, Tony was ____23____ and outgoing. He could tell you a ____24____ that kept you smiling and laughing all the way through. He still can, in fact. Eddie was also confident and had so many friends. He could also make a clear and loud voice that has ____25____ him well as a teacher and coach.
I, on the other hand, was ____26____ , shy, and not so outgoing as my brothers. I spent more time ____27____ . I wanted to learn everything. Being several years younger than them and usually ____28____ by them, I also spent more time playing alone. I wasn’t as ____29____ as you would think, though. My imagination was a great friend in my loneliness and in some way I ______30______ the quiet of it all.
Looking back on the long and winding road of my life now, I can see that I was ______31______ , but it made me just the person I needed to be to live the life I have lived. My reading so much led me to start writing as well. My wish to learn everything helped me to ______32______ the biggest problems about love, kindness, joy, and life, and to ______33______ what I learned with others. My pleasure in a quiet life made it ______34______ for me to work from home and care for my family.
We each have a unique goal in this life. It is our job to ______35______ it, to live it, and to love it.
21. A. opinions B. voices C. faces D. behaviors
22. A. Even B. However C. Besides D. Instead
23. A. honest B. confident C. shy D. energetic
24. A. result B. plan C. skill D. story
25. A. served B. protected C. attracted D. encouraged
26. A. rude B. kind C. wise D. quiet
27. A. reading B. riding C. exercising D. swimming
28. A. looked after B. brought up C. depended on D. left behind
29. A. active B. lonely C. friendly D. patient
30. A. enjoyed B. noticed C. refused D. feared
31. A. frightened B. anxious C. popular D. different
32. A. pass down B. care about C. deal with D. set aside
33. A. use B. compare C. correct D. share
34. A. formal B. easy C. boring D. strange
35. A. find B. balance C. prove D. change
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己的经历讲述每个人都各有不同，都应该有自己的人生目标并为之奋斗。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的哥哥埃迪和我长得太像了，因为我们的脸是爸爸妈妈的完美结合。A. opinions观点；B. voices声音；C. faces脸；D. behaviors行为。根据“were the perfect combination(结合)of our Mom’s and Dad’s.”可知，作者和哥哥的脸是爸爸妈妈的脸的完美结合。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我确实感觉不一样。A. Even甚至；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Instead而不是。根据“I did feel different.”可知，然而作者确实感觉不一样，前后句之间为转折关系。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的大哥托尼自信而外向。A. honest诚实的；B. confident自信的；C. shy害羞的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据“Eddie was also confident and had so many friends.”可知，托尼自信和外向。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会给你讲一个故事，让你从头笑到尾。A. result结果；B. plan计划；C. skill技巧；D. story故事。根据“that kept you smiling and laughing all the way through.”可知，托尼讲的故事能让你笑个不停。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还能发出清晰响亮的声音，这让他很好地成为了一名老师和教练。 A. served对…有用；能满足……的需要；B. protected保护；C. attracted吸引；D. encouraged鼓励。此处serve的意思是“对……有用，起作用”。根据“him well as a teacher and coach.”可知，埃迪还能发出清晰响亮的声音，这对他做老师和教练都很有帮助。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，我很安静，害羞，不像我的兄长们那么外向。A. rude粗鲁的；B. kind善良的；C. wise明智的；D. quiet安静的。根据“and not so outgoing as my brothers.”可知，作者比较安静和害羞。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了更多的时间读书。A. reading阅读；B. riding骑；C. exercising锻炼；D. swimming游泳。根据“I wanted to learn everything.”和下文“My reading so much led me to start writing as well.”可知，作者花了更多的时间读书。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我比他们小几岁，经常被他们抛在后面，我也花了更多的时间独自玩耍。A. looked after照顾；B. brought up教育；C. depended on依靠；D. left behind留下。根据“Being several years younger than them”可知，作者比哥哥小几岁，所以经常被他们留下。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，我并不像你想的那么孤独。A. active积极的；B. lonely孤独的；C. friendly友好的；D. patient耐心的。根据“Being several years younger than them and usually ____8____ by them, I also spent more time playing alone.”可知，虽然作者独自玩耍的时间多，但作者并不像你想的那么孤独。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的想象力是我孤独时的好朋友，在某种程度上，我很享受这一切的宁静。A. enjoyed喜欢；享受；B. noticed注意到；C. refused拒绝；D. feared害怕。根据“My imagination was a great friend in my loneliness and in some way”可知，作者喜欢这一切的宁静。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起我漫长而曲折的人生之路，我可以看到我是不同的，但它使我成为了我所需要的人，过着我所过的生活。A. frightened害怕的；B. anxious焦急的；C. popular流行的；D. different不同的。根据“____2____, I did feel different.”可知，作者认为自己是不同的。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：学习一切的愿望帮助我处理了关于爱、善良、快乐和生活的最大问题，并与他人分享我所学到的东西。A. pass down传递；B. care about关心；C. deal with处理；D. set aside留下。根据“the biggest problems about love, kindness, joy, and life,”可知，学习帮助作者处理关于爱、善良、快乐和生活的最大问题。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习一切的愿望帮助我处理了关于爱、善良、快乐和生活的最大问题，并与他人分享我所学到的东西。 A. use使用；B. compare比较；C. correct更正；D. share分享。根据“what I learned with others.”可知，并与他人分享作者学到的东西。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安静生活的乐趣让我很容易在家工作和照顾家人。A. formal正式的；B. easy容易的；C. boring厌烦的；D. strange奇怪的。根据“My pleasure in a quiet life”可知，宁静生活的乐趣使作者在家工作和照顾家人容易。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的工作就是去发现它，去生活它，去热爱它。A. find发现；B. balance平衡；C. prove证明；D. change改变。根据“We each have a unique goal in this life.”可知，我们每个人都有一个独特的人生目标。我们的工作就是去发现它，为它而生，并且热爱它。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traffic police in Wuhan, Hubei province, have met the wish of ____36____ sick 5-year-old girl by inviting her to work as a traffic officer for a day.
Liu Yihan was found with a rare illness that mainly affects ____37____ (child)under age 5 last year She has a particular love of traffic police to keep everyone safe.
Liu never complains to her mother, Hu Yuting, ____38____ job is teaching in a middle school in Xiaogan city, but her desire to be a traffic officer really touched her mother’s heart. When she told her daughter’s story to the traffic police, they ____39____ (move)and promised to help make Liu’s wish come true.
Du Zewen said that the chief officers were determined ____40____ (help)the mother and the little girl, telling the other members that “we must help make the little girl’s dream of ____41____ (become) a traffic officer come true, especially one who ____42____ (be)so young and has such a serious disease” .
On the afternoon of Sept. 20, Liu and her mother were ____43____ (warm) welcomed by the policemen, who dressed her in a specially-made uniform and declared her a “visiting policewoman” She was excited ____44____ soon went on duty with the other police members. She directed traffic and performed her duties, for example, telling people to wear helmets and reminding people _____45_____ the traffic rules.
【答案】36. a 37. children
38. whose 39. were moved
40. to help
41. becoming
42. is 43. warmly
44. and 45. of
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。湖北省武汉市交警满足了一名生病的5岁小女孩的愿望，邀请她当一天交警。刘意涵去年被发现患有一种罕见的疾病，这种疾病主要影响5岁以下的儿童。她特别喜欢交警保护大家的安全。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：湖北省武汉市交警满足了一名生病的5岁小女孩的愿望，邀请她当一天交警。girl为泛指，且sick是辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：刘意涵去年被发现患有一种罕见的疾病，这种疾病主要影响5岁以下的儿童。child为可数名词，根据后文under age 5可知用复数形式。故填children。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她的母亲胡玉婷在孝感市的一所中学教书，她从不向母亲抱怨，但她想成为一名交警的愿望真的触动了母亲的心。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词mother，从句缺少定语，故填whose。
【39题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当她把女儿的故事告诉交警时，交警都被感动了，并承诺帮助她实现愿望。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文told可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were moved。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：杜泽文说，交警们决心帮助这位母亲和小女孩，并告诉其他成员：“我们必须帮助小女孩实现成为交警的梦想，尤其是她这么年轻，又患有这么严重的疾病。”短语be determined to do sth.表示“决心做某事”。故填to help。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：杜泽文说，交警们决心帮助这位母亲和小女孩，并告诉其他成员：“我们必须帮助小女孩实现成为交警的梦想，尤其是她这么年轻，又患有这么严重的疾病。”作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填becoming。
【42题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：杜泽文说，主警们决心帮助这位母亲和小女孩，并告诉其他成员：“我们必须帮助小女孩实现成为交警的梦想，尤其是她这么年轻，又患有这么严重的疾病。”根据后文has可知为一般现在时，定语从句中谓语与先行词保持一致，用单数。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：9月20日下午，刘和她的母亲受到了警察的热情欢迎，他们给她穿上了特制的制服，并宣布她为“来访的女警察”。修饰动词welcome应用副词warmly。故填warmly。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：她很兴奋，很快就和其他警察一起执勤了。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：她指挥交通，履行她的职责，例如，告诉人们戴头盔，提醒人们遵守交通规则。短语remind sb. of sth.表示“提醒某人某事”。故填of。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 昨天下午，你校举办了英语故事讲述比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，介绍这次比赛，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间和地点；
2. 比赛内容；
3. 比赛的意义。
注意：1. 写作词数应80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
题目：An English Story-Telling Contest
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 An English Story-Telling Contest
Yesterday afternoon, all the students and teachers in our school gathered in the school hall at 2 p.m. to enjoy a special event—An English Story-Telling Contest.
The event lasted for 2 hours. At first, 20 contestants took turns to share their own English stories. Since all the stories featured traditional English culture, each contestant was asked to explain the meaning behind the stories. Subsequently, the judges gave marks according to their performances. At the end of the event, our headmaster presented awards to the winners.
Warmly embraced by students, the event wound up with a bang. Not only did it provide a platform where we gained insight into English culture, but it also helped improve our spoken English.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就昨天下午举办的英语故事讲述比赛写一篇英文报道, 介绍这次比赛的时间和地点、内容和意义。
【详解】1.词汇积累
欣赏：enjoy→appreciate
随后：subsequently →afterwards
颁发：present→award
改善：improve→enhance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Yesterday afternoon, all the students and teachers in our school gathered in the school hall at 2 p.m. to enjoy a special event—An English Story-Telling Contest.
拓展句：Yesterday afternoon, all the students and teachers in our school, who gathered in the school hall at 2 p.m., enjoyed a special event—An English Story-Telling Contest.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Since all the stories featured traditional English culture, each contestant was asked to explain the meaning behind the stories（运用了since引导的原因状语从句，动词不定式作主语的补语）
【高分句型2】Not only did it provide a platform where we gained insight into English culture, but it also helped improve our spoken English. （运用了倒装句，where引导的定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A couple in Virginia Beach is forever thankful to two surfers (冲浪者) who also happen to be health care workers. “We’d like to express our appreciation to the heroes who saved Todd on that beach, ”the couple said.
Todd, 59, and Donna, 58, woke up early on October 2 to go for a bike ride and take pictures of the sunrise. While walking barefoot along the shoreline and enjoying the sights, Todd suddenly fell down.
Donna thought her husband was joking. But she quickly realized this was no laughing matter. Todd’s heart stopped beating and he turned blue. “I called his name and cried for help:’Help! Please help Todd’, ”Donna said later.
Tyler Volpe, a surfer, was in the water when Todd fell down. Volpe is also a physician assistant. He heard Donna’s cries for help. “I knew it wasn’t normal, ”he said. “I came flying out of the water. ”
Paul Roy, 24, a health care worker at a local hospital, was also surfing that morning. Volpe started chest compressions (按压) while Roy breathed into Todd’s mouth. Then, they switched positions, A woman on the beach put her arm around Donna and prayed with her. “I really thought he was dead, ”Donna said.
As Roy and Volpe continued CPR, Todd breathed a few times. The sea water was starting to come in. Other surfers used their boards to form a wall between the rescue effort and the water.
“They kept him alive until the ambulance got there, ”Donna said. “It could have been two minutes; it could have been 10 days. I was watching my life end with his. ”
Doctors used a defibrillator (电击器) to shock his heart and bring back his heartbeat. On the second shock, he finally came to himself.
Seeing Todd was out of danger, Roy and Volpe quietly left. They continued surfing.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Soon Todd was taken to the hospital.
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Donna posted a message on Facebook to look for the two helpful surfers.
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【答案】Soon Todd was taken to the hospital. Upon arrival, Todd was admitted to the intensive care unit, where several specialist looked over Todd carefully, diagnosing him with a heart attack. Critical as his condition was, Todd was lucky enough to get the first aid on the beach. Thanks to the care from medical staff, Todd was stabilized and nursed back to health two weeks later. Hardly had Todd been discharged from hospital when the couple couldn’t wait to look for the two saviors.
Donna posted a message on Facebook to look for the two helpful surfers. With the message shared thousands of times, Donna received some replies from the witnesses, warmly offering useful information to her. Accordingly, she managed to find their current location using the Facebook audience search and contacted the two young surfers: Tyler Volpe, a medical assistant, and Paul Roy, a medical worker from a local hospital. Once again, the couple stepped on Virginia Beach to meet the heroes to whom they extended their sincere gratitude. But for their timely rescue, they could not have enjoyed the beautiful sunrise like today.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述Donna和丈夫Todd一起在沙滩上散步时，Todd心脏骤停，两个年轻的冲浪者Tyler Volpe和Paul Roy在救护车没来之前为Todd进行了急救，给了Todd生的机会，Donna后来在Facebook上发帖找到了两位救命恩人，向他们表达了感谢。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“很快托德就被送到了医院。”可知，第一段可描写Todd在医院被确诊，并获得救治，康复出院后开始找救命恩人。
②由第二段首句内容“唐娜在Facebook上发布了一条消息，寻找这两位乐于助人的冲浪者。”可知，第二段可描写Donna在网络上找到救命恩人，并向他们表示感谢。
2.续写线索：送医院——得救治——康复出院——找恩人——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.检查：look over / examine
②.被允许从……出去：be discharged from /be allowed to leave…
③.成功做某事：manage to do/succeed in doing
情绪类
①.表达他们诚挚的谢意：extend their sincere gratitude /show their appreciation
②.热情地：warmly/passionately
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Upon arrival, Todd was admitted to the intensive care unit, where several specialist looked over Todd carefully, diagnosing him with a heart attack. （运用了由关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Once again, the couple stepped on Virginia Beach to meet the heroes to whom they extended their sincere gratitude.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语，由“介词+关系代词whom”引导限制性定语从句）