专题29 完形填空之议论文类-2023年高考英语一轮复习 精讲与精练资料（教师版）

这是一份专题29 完形填空之议论文类-2023年高考英语一轮复习 精讲与精练资料（教师版），共27页。试卷主要包含了 开门见山，直接提出论点， 导入式提出论点， 水到渠成式得出结论，使用倒装，使用转义，B 37， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题29 完形填空之议论文类
《考点•题型 •技巧》

考向分析

议论文是一种通过剖析事物或论述事理来提出主张或发表见解的文体。议论文分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型，另一种是纯议论型。
议论文是一种剖析事理、论述事物、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。议论文是高考完形填空题中较难的一种体裁，它一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据和结论。做好这类题的关键在于要抓住作者的论点。
议论文中对于论点的提出通常有三种形式：
1. 开门见山，直接提出论点
在有些议论文中作者开头就提出论点，通过论证，最后提出自己的看法，或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。一般来说，这种形式的议论文作者态度明确，我们也能很容易地把握作者对某一件事的看法。
2. 导入式提出论点
在有些议论文中，作者并不是直接提出自己的观点，而是通过对某一现象的论述来赞扬或批评某一事物，进而提出自己的观点，然后再用具体的论据去证明自己的观点。
3. 水到渠成式得出结论
在有些议论文中作者开头只是列举一系列生活中的现象，而不是表明自己的观点，通过对具体现象的分析，最后自然得出结论，而此结论就是文章的论点。
议论文形式的完形填空不像记叙文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此，我们对整个文章的把握相对来说也难得多。
考点导航

  由于与其他文体相比，英语议论文类似英语说明文，因此，它具有英语说明文的一些语言特点，比如：时态较为统一，多用现在时；强调语言表达的客观性；尽可能指明信息来源等等。但作为一种独立的文体，英语议论文在语言上也有一些自己特有的表达形式：
  1.较多使用表达委婉语气的词语和句子
与英语说明文相比，英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点，而且还要让读者接受自己的观点，因此，在词语表达上除了客观之外，还必须注意委婉。在英语中，常用虚拟语气，让步状语从句和情态动词can，could，may，might，would，should等。
  2.使用有辩论、推理等含义的连接词和过渡词等词语结构
英语议论文讲究辩论推理的条理性和逻辑性，因此，往往较多地使用这类性质的过渡词和连接词，常用的包括：since （既然），now that（既然）， therefore（因而），consequently（因此），accordingly（因此），hence（因而），in that case（在那种情况下），because（因为），so（所以）。另外，还有些句型也常出现在英语议论文中，比如： It follows that…（因而……），If…，we may conclude that…（如果……，我们可以这样下结论……）， Should it be the case（如果是这样的话……），Idon't want to…，but…（我并不想……，但是……）， If you admit…，then…（如果你承认……，那么……），It is true that…，but…（诚然……，但是……）， Even if…（即使……）等。
3.使用重复。
英文一般讲求简洁，因此为表达强调偶尔使用重复可以使语句的强调内容得到突出。
  4.使用倒装
倒装是进行强调的一种手段，它利用了语句句首（或句尾）的特殊位置。例如，如“充满着风险与机遇的改革的新时代正向我们走来”，可以这样表达：
  Now on coming to us is the new era of reform full of ventures and chances.
5.使用转义
转义是一种对词语灵活运用的修辞手段，主要有比喻、拟人、夸张、反语、婉转等，比喻又包括明喻、暗喻、换喻、提喻等。

解答这类题要遵循下列原则：
1. 从首尾句入手，抓住中心
议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。因此，文章的第一、二句话通常为文章的主题句，而文章的结尾句常为文章的结论。由此可见，我们必须充分利用文章的首尾句，推测出文章的中心，从而理解全文。
2. 紧扣信息词，把握作者观点
考生要弄清文章的行文逻辑，如转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、对比关系、让步关系、指代关系等。有时文章的第一、二段并不是作者的观点，而是对某个事物的介绍或描述，然后用信息词，如but，however，yet等将自己的观点引出，因此，阅读时一定要特别留意这些信息词。
3. 从语境入手，确定逻辑关系
句与句之间总要反映出因果、假设、条件、类推等逻辑关系。这些逻辑关系常常通过on the one hand, on the other hand, as a result, as a consequence, on the contrary, above all, first of all, secondly, finally, in case等单词或短语表达出来。但有时作者并不使用这些单词或短语，而是将逻辑关系暗含于文章中，这就需要考生根据语境来确定逻辑关系。
4. 理清文章的论点、论据和结论
如果我们连论点、论据、结论都没把握住的话，只能是漫无目的地选择答案了。一般说来，能说明论点的答案可以在论据里得到印证，且作为论点的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来，使论点与论据相辅相承，从而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论点与论据相悖，最后的结论与论点自相矛盾，那就说明我们对文章的把握缺乏条理性和系统性，我们就需重新来理顺文章的各部分，直到条理清楚为止，然后再根据自己对文章的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。
【题型分析】
【题型一根据首段或首句】
All of us go through some difficult times as we approach teenage years . It's the age when we have to deal with the most 36_____ in our life . This transition(过渡） from childhood to adulthood is 37_____ for some , but rough for others . The most important thing about being a teenager is 38______ . When we are teenagers , we would get blamed or even punished for anything wrong we do.
36.A.chances B. changes C. feelings D. expectations
【解析】：在这个阶段我们需要面对生活中的很多改变(changes)。
37.A.smooth B. practical C. demanding D. necessary
【解析】：从童年到成年的过渡，对有些人来说是很顺利的(smooth),但是对另外一些人来说却很艰难。此处用smooth“顺利的”，和后面的rough相对应。
38.A.knowledge B. independence C. confidence D. responsibility
【解析】：根据此空的下一句“当我们成为青少年时，我们会因犯错受到责备甚至是惩罚”可知，此处表示“成为青少年最重要的一件事就是责任（responsibility)”。
【答案】：36.B 37.A 38.D
【题型二作者观点和态度】
You do not have to train yourself 6_______ to feel the psychological benefits of exercise.
What really matters is 7______, not intensity(强度）of your exercise. You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends.
6.A.hard B. everywhere C. carefully D. late
【解析】：根据下文作者强调运动的关键是频度而不是强度可知：你训练的时候强度没必要很大，故选A。
7.A.time B. length C. form D. frequency
【解析】：根据文章最后一段给出的建议每周五次散步可知，运动的关键是频度而不是强度，故选D。time“次”；length“长度”；form“形式，表格”；frequency“频度，频率”。
【答案】：6.B 7.D
【题型三结合论点】
There are four of us now in the house, but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places. We'd all be in 54 _______if we hadn't banded together .
The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It's not so much about what I can get for myself ; it's about 55_______we can all get by together
54.A.yards B. shelters C. camps D. cottages
【解析】：如果不是大家齐心协力，那么我们都将会栖身于避难所，因此选shelters。
55.A.when B. what C. whether D. how
【解析】：D 本句点明中心：美国梦不是关于一个人能够获得什么，而是关于我们在一起如何去实现它，因此选how。
【答案】：54.B 55.D
检测训练

1、My car sweeping past the green pastures(草地), I felt the cool breeze on my face,eyes closed. The breeze felt refreshingly 1 and gave me a 2 of newly defined freedom and happiness. The breeze suddenly came to a halt 3 the car stopping due to a bit of traffic 4 by the grazing of some cute lambs.
Climbing out of the car in excitement,I 5 I was in a new world, 6 my only companion was the sparkling beauty of nature all around me. Standing there, I 7 understood the meaning of freedom! In this fast paced world,where smartphones are a(n) 8 and life without internet might just be the next step to insanity(疯狂), we’ve 9 the simple pleasures in life.
Just 10 for a moment to ask yourself 11 it’s been since you’ve just sat down for a while, doing absolutely 12 yet feeling perfectly happy and contented!
People tend to find happiness in commodities or 13 around them, but the perfect place to start searching for happiness is 14 within you!
Happiness is like a 15 . It can be spread to others, if only we are willing to splash (撒) a few 16 on ourselves! True happiness is said to be 17 when we are the 18 behind a person’s beautiful smile and immense happiness!
So the next time you see someone upset or feeling low, 19 them a bit of your time and support. It doesn’t cost much, but doubles the happiness in your 20 !
1. A. familiar B. new C. old D. strange
2. A. sense B. kind C. type D. matter
3. A. as B. since C. with D. for
4. A. happened B. occurred C. invented D. created
5. A. realized B. thought C. recognized D. discovered
6. A. which B. when C. where D. what
7. A. suddenly B. finally C. gradually D. immediately
8. A. necessity B. equipment C. tool D. treasure
9. A. conducted B. finished C. remembered D. forgotten
10. A. wait B. stop C. hold D. stay
11. A. how long B. how often C. how many D. how much
12. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
13. A. things B. goods C. data D. basics
14. A. correct B. right C. proper D. suitable
15. A. river B. well C. spring D. perfume
16. A. drops B. bottles C. pieces D. bags
17. A. made B. achieved C. developed D. grew
18. A. possession B. component C. part D. reason
19. A. bring B. take C. lend D. give
20. A. soul B. mind C. heart D. spirit
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. A
12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. C
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者开车驶过绿色的牧场，在清新的微风中感受到了自由和幸福的感觉，下车后接触到美丽的自然使作者明白了自由的意义，领悟到寻找幸福的最佳地点就在你的内心，并且幸福就像香水会传播给他人。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：微风清新，给我一种新定义的自由和幸福的感觉。A. familiar熟悉的；B. new新的；C. old老旧的；D. strange陌生的。根据“The breeze felt refreshingly”可知微风清新。故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：微风清新，给我一种新定义的自由和幸福的感觉。A. sense感觉；B. kind种类；C. type品种，类型；D. matter事件。根据“newly defined freedom and happiness”可知是一种新定义的自由和幸福的感觉。故选A。
3. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：随着有一些可爱的小羊羔在吃草，造成了一些交通堵塞，所以风突然停止了，汽车也停止了。A. as作为；B. since自…以后；C. with和…一起，具有，关于，随着；D. for给，为了，关于，因为。根据“the car stopping ”可知随着有一些可爱的小羊羔在吃草。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着一些可爱的小羊羔在吃草，造成了一些交通堵塞，所以风突然停止了，汽车也停止了。A. happened刚巧，发生；B. occurred发生；C. invented发明；D. created造成，创造。根据“by the grazing of some cute lambs”可知小羊羔在吃草，造成了一些交通堵塞。故选D。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我兴奋地从车里爬出来，我意识到我进入了一个新的世界，在那里我唯一的伴侣是我周围闪闪发光的美丽的自然。A. realized意识到；B. thought想，认为；C. recognized意识到；D. discovered发现，找到。根据“Climbing out of the car in excitement”可知作者意识到自己进入了一个新的世界。故选A。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：我兴奋地从车里爬出来，我意识到我进入了一个新的世界，在那里我唯一的伴侣是我周围闪闪发光的美丽的自然。A. which哪一个；B. when什么时候；C. where哪里；D. what什么。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是a new world，根据定语从句中主谓宾成分完整，可知缺少地点状语，因此要用关系副词where。故选C。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：站在那里，我终于明白了自由的意义! A. suddenly突然地；B. finally终于，最后；C. gradually逐渐地；D. immediately立刻。根据下文“we’ve 　9 the simple pleasures in life”可知作者站在那里，终于明白了自由的意义。故选B。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个快节奏的世界，智能手机是一种必需品，没有互联网的生活可能是向精神错乱迈出的一步，我们已经忘记了生活中简单的快乐。A. necessity需要，必需品；B. equipment设备；C. tool工具；D. treasure财富，财产。根据“ In this fast paced world”和“and life without internet ”可知在这个快节奏的世界，智能手机是一种必需品。故选A。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个快节奏的世界，智能手机是一种必需品，没有互联网的生活可能是向精神错乱迈出的一步，我们已经忘记了生活中简单的快乐。A. conducted管理，引导；B. finished完成；C. remembered记得；D. forgotten忘记。根据“ In this fast paced world”和“the simple pleasures in life”可知作者表示我们已经忘记了生活中简单的快乐。故选D。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：停下来问问自己，自从你不亦乐乎地坐下来无所事事，却仍然感到无比的快乐和满足，是多久以前的事了!A. wait等待；B. stop停止；C. hold持有，拥有，保持；D. stay停留，坚持。根据上文“ In this fast paced world”和“to ask yourself”可知是停下来问问自己。故选B。
11. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：停下来问问自己，自从你不亦乐乎地坐下来无所事事，却仍然感到无比的快乐和满足，是多久以前的事了!A. how long有多久；B. how often多久一次；C. how many多少（修饰可数名词）；D. how much多少（修饰不可数名词）。根据“since you’ve just sat down for a while”可知是多久以前的事了。故选A。
12. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：停下来问问自己，自从你不亦乐乎地坐下来无所事事，却仍然感到无比的快乐和满足，是多久以前的事了!A. something某事，某物；B. anything任何事物；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything一切事物。根据“yet feeling perfectly happy and contented”可知是坐下来无所事事，却仍然感到无比的快乐和满足。故选C。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们往往会在他们身边的商品或物品上找到幸福，然而，寻找幸福的最佳地点就在你的内心!A. things事物；B. goods 商品；C. data数据；D. basics基础。根据“People tend to find happiness in commodities”可知是在他们身边的商品或物品上找到幸福。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们往往会在他们身边的商品或物品上找到幸福，然而，寻找幸福的最佳地点就在你的内心!A. correct端正的，恰当的，正确的；B. right直接的，正确的；C. proper特有的，适当的；D. suitable合适的。根据“within you”可知寻找幸福的最佳地点就在你的内心。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸福就像香水。A. river河流；B. well水井；C. spring春天，泉水；D. perfume香水。根据下文“It can be spread to others”和“splash (撒) a few 　16　on ourselves”可知幸福就像香水。故选D。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要我们愿意在自己身上洒上几滴，它就会传播给别人！A. drops下降，滴剂；B. bottles瓶子；C. pieces块，片；D. bags包。根据“It can be spread to others”和常识，可知是在自己身上洒上几滴香水。故选A。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据说，当我们就是让别人露出美丽的笑容，让别人感到无比幸福的原因时，我们就能获得真正的幸福!A. made使，做，完成；B. achieved获得；C. developed发展；D. grew生长，成长。根据“when we are the　18　behind a person’s beautiful smile and immense happiness”可知我们因此能获得真正的幸福。故选B。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说，当我们就是让别人露出美丽的笑容，让别人感到无比幸福的原因时，我们就能获得真正的幸福!A. possession财产，拥有；B. component成分，组件；C. part部分；D. reason原因。根据下文“　19　them a bit of your time and support”可知当我们就是让别人露出美丽的笑容，让别人感到无比幸福的原因时，我们就能获得真正的幸福。故选D。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以下次你看到有人难过或情绪低落时，借给他们一点你的时间和支持。A. bring带来；B. take拿，取；C. lend借给，向…贷款；D. give给，产生，让步，授予。根据下文“ It doesn’t cost much”可知作者建议下次看到有人难过或情绪低落时，借给他们一点你的时间和支持。故选C。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不会让你付出多少代价，却会让你心中的快乐加倍!A. soul灵魂；B. mind想法，理智；C. heart心脏；D. spirit心灵，精神。根据“doubles the happiness”可知帮助别人会让你心中的快乐加倍。故选C。
2、It is almost impossible to be left alone in a digital world, where people are meant to be connected. In this respect, digital technologies have 41 our life.
The possibility to be connected all the time has brought our personal space to a(n) 42 as we've known it. People have become so 43 in the world of networks that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text and e-mail, not only from our 44 , but from our mobile phones as well.
Most people have become 45 on digital technology simply because it has become a necessary part of life, and at this point not 46 it would make them an social outsider. 47 , many jobs and careers require people to be connected. From this point of view, being reachable might feel like a 48 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
But solitude(独处) still can be possible for those who 49 want it. Computers can be 50 and mobile phones can be turned off. Of course, the choice to be “off” and “on” has many 51 as well as disadvantages. When travelers end up 52 in mountains, and mobile phones can mean life or death, although they can also make people feel 53 and forced to answer unwanted calls.
Actually, attitudes towards digital technologies as a society 54 widely. Some find them a gift. Others consider them a curse. Whether you like it or not, it's hard to imagine what life would be like without the 55 in digital technologies.
41. A. reshaped B. respected C. ignored D. preserved
42. A. alarm B. stage C. end D. balance
43. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable
44. A. neighbors B. computers C. friends D. monitors
45. A. impressed B. hard C. dependent D. focused
46. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing
47. A. Also. B. Instead. C. Otherwise. D. Therefore.
48. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. shame
49. A. slightly B. barely C. merely D. really
50. A. sold out B. broken up C. shut down D. joined in
51. A. aspects B. advantages C. weaknesses D. exceptions
52. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted
53. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused
54. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist
55. A. hopes B. tests C. interests D. achievements
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. C
51. B 52. B 53. A 54. A 55. D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述数字技术在给我们带来了方便的同时也几乎剥夺了我们独处的机会。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这个意义上讲，数字技术重塑了我们的生活。A. reshaped重塑；B. respected尊敬；C. ignored忽视；D. preserved保存。根据“It is almost impossible to be left alone in a digital world, where people are meant to be connected.”可知，数字技术几乎剥夺了我们独处的机会，所以从这一点可以推断，数字技术重塑了我们的生活。故选A项。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如我们所知，随时随地联系的可能性已经终结了我们的个人空间。A. alarm警报；B. stage阶段；C. end结束；D. balance平衡。根据“It is almost impossible to be left alone in a digital world”可知，数字技术几乎剥夺了我们独处的机会，所以这种无时无刻不在的连接终结了我们的私人空间。bring... to an end意为“使……结束”，为固定短语，符合题意。故选C项。
43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在网络的世界里，人们已经变得触手可及，即使他们不想被联系，也可以经常被联系。A. sensitive敏感的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. considerate体贴的；D. reachable触手可及的。下文“From this point of view, being reachable might feel like a ______ to those”和此处相呼应，所以此处表示无处不在的网络让我们变得触手可及。故选D项。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，我们不仅可以通过电脑，还可以通过手机交谈、发短信和电子邮件。A. neighbors邻居；B. computers电脑；C. friends朋友；D. monitors监视器。根据“Today we can talk, text and e-mail, not only from our _____, but from our mobile phones as well.”可知，人们可以通过计算机或手机进行通话、发邮件及短信。故选B项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人已经变得依赖数字技术，仅仅是因为它已经成为生活中必不可少的一部分，在这一点上，不使用它将使他们成为社会局外人。A. impressed印象深刻的；B. hard艰难的；C. dependent依赖的；D. focused集中的。根据“because it has become a necessary part of life”可知，因为数字技术已经成为生活中必不可少的一部分，所以许多人已经非常依赖它了。故选C项。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人已经变得依赖数字技术，仅仅是因为它已经成为生活中必不可少的一部分，在这一点上，不使用它将使他们成为社会局外人。A. finding发现；B. using使用；C. protecting保护；D. changing改变。根据“Most people have become ____ on digital technology”可知，许多人已经非常依赖数字技术了，如果不使用数字技术，他们就会成为这个社会的局外人。故选B项。
47. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：另外，许多的工作和职业也需要我们保持连接。A. Also此外；B. Instead代替；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。根据“many jobs and careers require people to be connected”可知，此处讲述另一个让我们保持紧密联系的原因，所以要用表示补充说明的副词。故选A项。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这个角度来看，对于那些不想总被联系到的人来说，保持联系可能是一种负担。A. pleasure快乐；B. benefit利益；C. burden负担；D. shame羞耻。根据“who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times”可知，无处不在的连接对于那些希望不被打扰的人来讲确实是个累赘。故选C项。
49. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但对于那些真正想要独处的人来说，独处还是有可能的。A. slightly轻微地；B. barely几乎不；C. merely仅仅；D. really真正地。根据“But solitude(独处) still can be possible for those who _____ want it.”可知，对于那些真正希望独处的人来讲，独处还是有可能的。故选D项。
50. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：电脑可以被关闭，手机也可以被关机。A. sold out卖完；B. broken up打破；C. shut down关闭；D. joined in加入。此处和下文“and mobile phones can be turned off”意思并列，表示如果真的想要独处，可以关掉电脑和手机。故选C项。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，选择“开机”或“关机”有好处，也有坏处。A. aspects方面；B. advantages优点；C. weaknesses缺点；D. exceptions例外。根据“has many ____ as well as disadvantages”可知，选择“开机”或“关机”各有优缺点。故选B项。
52. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当旅行者在山里迷路时，手机可能意味着生与死，尽管在被迫接听不必要的电话时，它们也会让人们感到被束缚。A. hidden隐藏的；B. lost迷路的；C. relaxed放松的；D. deserted遗弃的。根据常识和“mobile phones can mean life or death”可知，如果有人在大山里迷路了，手机有可能会决定生死。故选B项。
53. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当旅行者在山里迷路时，手机可能意味着生与死，尽管在被迫接听不必要的电话时，它们也会让人们感到被束缚。A. trapped被困的；B. excited激动的；C. confused迷惑的；D. amused被逗乐的。根据“they can also make people feel ____ and forced to answer unwanted calls”可知，此处表示如果被迫接听那些不想接的电话，人们也会感到被束缚。故选A项。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，社会对数字技术的态度各不相同。A. vary变化；B. arise上升；C. spread传播；D. exist存在。根据“Some find them a gift. Others consider them a curse.”可知，人们对于数字技术的态度也是千差万别的，有人视之为福音，有人视之为诅咒。故选A项。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，不管你喜欢与否 ，我们很难想象没有数字技术成果的生活将会是什么样子。A. hopes希望；B. tests测试；C. interests兴趣；D. achievements成就。根据常识可知数字科技给人们的生活带来了很多好处，这些是它的成就，由此可知，此处是指没有数字技术成果的生活是很难想象的。故选D项。
3、The lazy beach vacations and study-abroad years are gone because of the pandemic （流行病）. Many, who believe travel is in their genes, find it 71 to be kept in the same place for so long. My friend James is one of them and is growing bored and upset, 72 for the old travelling days. How to pull through the depressing situation? There are many ways to answer the question, but “ being 73 is not one of them.
People always have a strong 74 to be on the go. However, it shows our true ability when that demand can't be 75 instantly. Travel is a good way to meet new people and 76 new things, but we have 77 if we can't make it.
We can go off the 78 path and travel in the off-season. By connecting with communities and spending our money in ways that support 79 , it will be a more meaningful way to 80 the differences that make the world colorful.
We can plan a trip instead while we can't 81 be there. “Expectations play a 82 role in our life. And our future — mindedness can be a source of 83 if we know good things are 84 In every way, travel is a great thing to 85 , ” said Matthew Killingsworth, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. So 86 a trip is nearly as enjoyable as actually taking one. Making plans is its own 87 It makes us remember there is a big, 88 world out there.
Many of us, me included, have taken what we have for granted. Tom Swick, a travel writer, tells me he 89 to view travel as a routine. "Now, I look forward to experiencing it as a 90 , ” says he.
71. A. unbearable B. unpredictable C. unreliable D. uncertain
72. A. heading B. competing C. switching D. longing
73. A. optimistic B. active C. desperate D. hesitant
74. A. pressure B. sorrow C. fancy D. desire
75. A. reserved B. satisfied C. explained D. ignored
76. A. experience B. recover C. risk D. provide
77. A. curiosity B. alternatives C. advances D. regret
78. A. hidden B. broken C. beaten D. frozen
79. A. hobbies B. shelters C. fictions D. locals
80. A. refuse B. appreciate C. decrease D. avoid
81. A. mentally B. rarely C. physically D. merely
82. A. negative B. mild C. valueless D. significant
83. A. concern B. chaos C. independence D. joy
84. A. off the track B. in the way C. around the comer D. to the point
85. A. look forward to B. look down on C. look out for D. look back at
86. A. canceling B. plotting C. adjusting D. denying
87. A. reward B. focus C. price D. form
88. A. frightening B. rolling C. appealing D. resting
89. A. used B. hoped C. agreed D. wanted
90. A. service B. gift C. trend D. play
【答案】71. A 72. D 73. C 74. D 75. B 76. A 77. B 78. C 79. D 80. B
81. C 82. D 83. D 84. C 85. A 86. B 87. A 88. C 89. A 90. B
【解析】本文是议论文。讨论了在无法如愿外出旅行的疫情时期，人们改变自己的消极境遇的两种方法：关注所在社区、进行内消费和为未来旅行制定计划。
71. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于认为旅行是存在于基因里的天性的人们来说，长久地待在一个地方是难以忍受的。A. unbearable无法忍受的；B. unpredictable无法预测的；C. unreliable靠不住的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据“who believe travel is in their genes”可知，相信旅行是存在于基因里的天性的人们，认为长期呆在一个地方是无法忍受的。故选A项。
72. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友James是其中一个，他变得无聊和烦躁，渴望着旧时的旅行时光。A. heading前往；B. competing竞争；C. switching交换；D. longing渴望。根据“My friend James is one of them and is growing bored and upset”可知，James渴望旅行，long for意为“渴望”，符合语境。故选D项。
73. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回答这个问题的方法有很多，而绝望不是其中的一个办法。A. optimistic乐观的；B. active活跃的；C. desperate绝望的；D. hesitant迟疑的。根据“How to pull through the depressing situation?”可知，作者提出：该如何度过这样的压抑时期呢？因此这里要表达的意思为：度过这个艰难时期的方法有很多，而绝望不是其中的一个办法。故选C项。
74. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们总是有着强烈的四处游走的愿望。A. pressure压力；B. sorrow悲伤；C. fancy幻想；D. desire愿望。根据“Many, who believe travel is in their genes”可知，许多人认为旅行是存在在基因里的，因此，人们总是有着强烈的四处游走的愿望。故选D项。
75. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，愿望未能被即刻满足的时候才是显示我们真实能力的时刻。A. reserved保存；B. satisfied满足；C. explained解释；D. ignored忽视。根据“when that demand can't be ____ instantly.”可知，此处表示愿望未能被即刻满足的时刻。故选B项。
76. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅行是一种遇见新朋友和经历新事物的方式，但如果不能去旅行的话，我们也有其他的替代办法。A. experience经历；B. recover恢复；C. risk冒险；D. provide提供。根据“Travel is a good way to meet new people and______ new things”可知，此处表示旅行是一种遇见新朋友和经历新事物的方式，and连接前后并列的成分。故选A项。
77. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行是一种遇见新朋友和经历新事物的方式，但如果不能去旅行的话，我们也有其他的替代办法。A. curiosity好奇；B. alternatives替代之法；C. advances进步；D. regret后悔。根据“but we have ___ if we can't make it.”可知，如果不能去旅行的话，也有其他的替代办法。故选B项。
78. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们可以不走常规路线，选择淡季去旅行。A. hidden被隐藏的；B. broken断了的；C. beaten踏平的；D. frozen结冰的。根据“travel in the off-season.”可知，选择淡季去旅行是不走常规路线，beaten path意为“常走/寻常之路”，符合语境。故选C项。
79. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过和当地社区联系，以支持当地人的方式进行内消费，它能让我们领会到改变所带来的多彩世界。A. hobbies爱好；B. shelters庇护所；C. fictions假象；D. locals当地人。根据“By connecting with communities and spending our money in ways”可知，此处表示通过花我们自己的钱进行消费，可以支持当地人。故选D项。
80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过和当地社区联系，以支持当地人的方式进行内消费，它能让我们领会到改变所带来的多彩世界。A. refuse拒绝；B. appreciate领会；C. decrease减少；D. avoid避免。根据“it will be a more meaningful way to _____ the differences that make the world colorful.”可知，以支持当地人的方式进行内消费能让我们领会到改变所带来的多彩世界。故选B项。
81. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们不能亲身去旅行时，我们可以做旅行计划来代替。A. mentally精神上地；B. rarely罕有地；C. physically身体上地；D. merely仅仅。根据“We can plan a trip instead while we can't ______ be there”可知，此处意为当我们不能亲身去旅行时，可以做旅行计划来代替。故选C项。
82. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：期待在我们的人生中起到了很重要的作用。A. negative消极的；B. mild温和的；C. valueless无价值的；D. significant意义重大的。根据“So ______ a trip is nearly as enjoyable as actually taking one.”可知，期待在我们的人生中起到了很重要的作用。故选D项。
83. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们知道好的事情即将发生，那么这种前瞻意识就会成为快乐的源泉。A. concern担忧；B. chaos混乱；C. independence独立；D. joy开心。根据“if we know good things are______”可知，如果我们知道好的事情即将发生，那么这种前瞻意识就会成为快乐的源泉。故选D项。
84. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果我们知道好的事情即将发生，那么这种前瞻意识就会成为快乐的源泉。A. off the track偏离正轨；B. in the way挡道；C. around the corner即将到来；D. to the point切题。根据“And our future — mindedness can be a source of ______ if we know good things are_____”可知，此处表示如果我们知道好的事情即将发生。故选C项。
85. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从各方面而言，旅行是一件值得期待的事。A. look forward to期盼；B. look down on鄙视；C. look out for当心；D. look back at回首。根据“Expectations play a _____ role in our life”可知，因为期待是生活中很重要的部分，所以，从各方面而言，旅行是一件值得期待的事。故选A项。
86. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，计划旅行和真正去旅行几乎一样令人愉快。A. canceling取消；B. plotting策划；C. adjusting调节；D. denying否认。根据“We can plan a trip instead while we can't _______ be there.”可知，此处表示计划旅行和真正去旅行一样令人愉快。故选B项。
87. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：做旅行计划本身就是一种回报。A. reward回报；B. focus中心；C. price代价；D. form形式。根据“It makes us remember there is a big, _____ world out there.”可知，做旅行计划本身就是一种回报。故选A项。
88. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它让我们不会忘记外面博大且迷人的世界。A. frightening令人害怕的；B. rolling滚动的；C. appealing有吸引力的；D. resting静止不动的。根据“Making plans is its own _______ It makes us remember there is a big, _______ world out there.”可知，做旅行计划可以让我们不会忘记外面博大且迷人的世界。故选C项。
89. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅行作家Tom Swick说，他曾经把旅行当作一件常规做的事，而现在他期待像对待礼物一般珍视旅行。A. used过去常常；B. hoped希望；C. agreed同意；D. wanted想要。根据“Now, I look forward to experiencing it as a______”可知，此处表示过去的情况，和下文现在的情况进行对比，所以表示“过去常常”为used to do sth.。故选A项。
90. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行作家Tom Swick说，他曾经把旅行当作一件常规做的事，而现在他期待像对待礼物一般珍视旅行。A. service服务；B. gift礼物；C. trend趋势；D. play游戏。根据“Now, I look forward to experiencing it as a______”可知，Tom现在期待像对待礼物一般珍视旅行。故选B项。
3、 One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 1　 when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I 　2　 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 　3　 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 　4　 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 　5　 person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 　6　. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 　7　 to deal with was that the day before the 　8　, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 　9　 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 　10　. It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 　11　 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 　12　 everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 　13　 as well.
Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, 　14　 when we’re honest, we can be sharply 　15　 of the world. I’m not suggesting you 　16　 problems, or that you pretend things are 　17　 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are — 　18　 most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big 　19　.
Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, and with a little 　20　, you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
1. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy
2. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected
3. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled
4. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
5. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising
6. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation
7. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible
8. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure
9. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice
10. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit
11. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about
12. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle
13. A. family B. life C. career D. education
14. A. so B. or C. but D. for
15. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical
16. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore
17. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse
18. A.at least B.at last C.by far D.so far
19. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty
20. A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章通过讲述Kerry从一个吹毛求疵的人变为一个学会感恩生活的人，告诉我们＂要管好你的嘴＂，寻回昔日对生活的热情。
1.B 【解析】从下文内容可知，本文作者不赞同人们老是挑毛病，所以用great表示当你不忙于挑毛病时生活会很精彩。
2.A 【解析】receive a letter from sb. ＂收到某人的来信＂。
3.C 【解析】根据下文的＂People were always doing things that annoyed her＂(人们做的事总是惹她生气)可知，此处用bother表示＂使(某人)烦恼＂。
4.D【解析】根据and前面的句子可知，此处表示＂没有一件事情她觉得好＂，所以用nothing。
5.B 【解析】此处用boring表示＂令人厌烦的＂。
6.A 【解析】根据下文可知，这场意外改变了她的态度。attitude ＂态度＂。
7.D 【解析】事故发生前一天Kerry拜访了她的这个朋友并一直挑朋友的毛病。据此可知，这使得事情几乎无法应对。
8.C【解析】根据上文的＂it took a horrible accident＂ 可知，此处选C。
9.D 【解析】 Kerry批评她的朋友对男朋友的选择。choice ＂选择＂。
10.C 【解析】空处所在的句子是定语从句，various other things 是先行词，关系词that/which 代替先行词在从句中作宾语，所以用express＂表达＂。
11.A 【解析】直到她的朋友严重受伤Kerry才意识到她挑毛病的习惯。aware of ＂意识到＂；afraid of ＂害怕＂；curious about ＂好奇＂；confused about ＂感到困惑＂。
12. C 【解析】 judge ＂判断，评价＂。此处judge … harshly和上文的＂appreciate life＂形成对比。
13. B【解析】她也能够把她的新智慧转移到她生活的其他方面。
14. C【解析】上下文是转折关系，所以用but。
15. D 【解析】be critical of 和find fault with是同义短语。
16. D【解析】根据上下文可知，不挑剔并不意味着忽视问题。ignore ＂忽视＂。
17. B【解析】或者假装事情比真实情况要好。
18. A【解析】至少大多数时候是这样的。at least ＂至少＂。
19. B 【解析】a big deal是固定搭配，含义为＂重要的事情＂。
20. A【解析】根据上下文可知，要做到这一点需要的是少量的训练。practice ＂练习，训练＂。
5、Lawmakers in New Jersey recently advanced a bill that would ban businesses from going cashless—a move that would put the state at odds with the global trend toward electronic payments but would 1 resistance from local officials who see no-cash policies as unfair.
Almost 1 of 3 Americans in 2018 say they don't use cash during a typical week of purchases, according to the Pew study released this week. The findings reveal life that Americans are becoming less reliant on paper currency, mirroring 2 in Sweden, India and China. But state and local officials say that restaurants and shops do that adopt cashless policies have left some members of the community behind— individuals without the 3 to open a bank account or who lack access to lines of credit or the mobile apps that power digital payments.
The New Jersey measure, which would apply only to face-to-face sales and would 4 internet and phone purchases, comes as officials push 5 efforts to bar no-cash rules in New York and Philadelphia. 6 cashless policies offer consumers the promise of convenience and provide businesses greater protection against theft, they also can exclude low-income consumers or undocumented immigrants, critics say. "Cash-free businesses are discriminatory by design and pose 7 to low-income communities that may not have access to credit or debit," New York Council member Torres said on Twitter when he introduced a bill that would ban the practice.
According to the Pew study, the decline in the use of 8 currency is uneven among the population when race, age and income are accounted for. Pew found a significant 9 in cashless adoption tied to annual household income, with adults making at least $75,000 more than twice as likely to make all their purchases without using cash in a typical week, 10 with people who make less than $30,000. The Pew findings suggest that the 11 of going cashless may come with a cost that only some groups of people will bear. Americans with lower incomes are roughly four times as likely than higher earners to make almost all of their purchases with cash, according to the study.
As has been noted, business leaders have 12 cashless policies by pointing to higher security and 13 customer service and efficiency. Some advocates have focused on providing people who are underserved by the 14 banking system with more affordable options, attacking the root cause behind the 15 of cashless payments.
1．A．set up B．put up C．back up D．step up
2．A．deposits B．exchanges C．shifts D．currencies
3．A．ideas B．means C．directions D．outlets
4．A．attract B．exclude C．advance D．include
5．A．opposite B．associated C．similar D．collective
6．A．While B．Provided C．Because D．As
7．A．discounts B．traps C．challenges D．risks
8．A．electronic B．physical C．virtual D．circulating
9．A．similarity B．expense C．gap D．consumption
10．A．linked B．associated C．combined D．compared
11．A．outcomes B．effects C．benefits D．disadvantages
12．A．adopted B．defended C．developed D．criticized
13．A．hindered B．accomplished C．improved D．desired
14．A．traditional B．fading C．aggressive D．unqualified
15．A．Transformations B．developments C．criticisms D．creations
【答案】1．C2．C3．B4．B5．C6．A7．C
8．B9．C10．D11．C12．B13．C14．A15．C
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。主要讲述了新泽西州新颁发的法案禁止企业无现金交易，从多角度分析了无现金支付的当下形式，进一步指出了其中的优势和劣势。
1．
考查固定搭配。句意：新泽西州的立法者最近提出了一项法案，禁止企业无现金交易。此举将使该州与全球电子支付趋势背道而驰，但会支持当地官员的抵制，他们认为无现金政策是不公平的。A. set up设置；B. put up张贴；C. back up支持；D. step up加紧。根据第三段中“New York Council member Torres said on Twitter when he introduced a bill that would ban the practice.”可知此处表示新法案将支持官员对于无现金政策的抵制。故选C项。
2．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些发现揭示了美国人的生活越来越不依赖纸币，这也是瑞典、印度和中国变化的真实写照。A. deposits存款；B. exchanges交易；C. shifts转变；D. currencies货币。根据上句“The findings reveal life that Americans are becoming less reliant on paper currency”可知美国人对于现金的依赖越来越少，这是一种转变。故选C项。
3．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是州和地方官员说，餐馆和商店采用无现金政策的做法使社区中的某些成员落在了后面——某些人无法开设银行账户，或者无法使用信贷额度或支持数字支付的移动应用。A. ideas想法；B. means方法 ；C. directions方向；D. outlets出口。根据下文lack access to lines of credit可知此处表明有些人无法开设银行账户。故选B项。
4．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：新泽西州的这项措施仅适用于面对面的销售，不包括互联网和电话的购买方式。A. attract吸引；B. exclude排除；C. advance提前；D. include包括。根据上句“apply only to face-to-face sales”可知这个政策不包括互联网和电话的购买方式。故选B项。
5．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，官员们也在进行类似的努力，以禁止纽约和费城的无现金规定。A. opposite相对的；B. associated关联的；C. similar相似的；D. collective集体的。根据后句“efforts to bar no-cash rules in New York and Philadelphia.”可知纽约和费城的官员也在禁止无现金规定，和新泽西州的情况相似。故选C项。
6．
考查连词。句意：评论家说，尽管无现金政策为消费者提供了便利的条件，并为企业提供了更多的防盗保护，但它们也将低收入消费者或无证件移民排除在外。A. 然而；B. Provided假设；C. Because因为；D. As当。分析本句可知前后部分存在对比关系，即无现金政策的好处和坏处的对比，因此使用转折连词while连接前后句。故选A项。
7．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无现金业务在设计上具有歧视性，给那些可能无法获得信贷或借记的低收入社区带来挑战。A. discounts折扣；B. traps陷阱；C. challenges挑战；D. risks风险。根据前句“they also can exclude low-income consumers or undocumented immigrants”可知，无现金政策会给无法获得信贷或借记的低收入社区带来挑战。故选C项。
8．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据Pew的研究，考虑到种族，年龄和收入，实际货币使用的下降在人群中是不均衡的。A. electronic电子的；B. physical有形的；C. virtual虚拟的；D. circulating循环的。根据下文“make all their purchases without using cash”可知很多人不使用现金购买，意在表明导致了当下有形货币使用量减少。故选B项。
9．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pew发现，与家庭年收入相关的无现金支付手段存在显着差距，与收入不足3万美元的人相比，收入至少7.5万美元的成年人一周内不使用现金购物的可能性要多出两倍。A. similarity相似性；B. expense费用；C. gap差距；D. consumption消耗。根据后文“with adults making at least $75,000 more than twice as likely to make all their purchases without using cash in a typical week, ...... with people who make less than $30,000.”可知年收入不同导致家庭使用无现金支付的情况存在差距。故选C项。
10．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pew发现，与家庭年收入相关的无现金收养存在显着差距，与收入不足3万美元的人相比，收入至少7.5万美元的成年人一周内不使用现金购物的可能性要多出两倍。A. linked连接；B. associated关联；C. combined合并；D. compared比较。通过分析语境可知，此处前后句存在对比关系，因此使用表示“比较、对比”意义的词。故选D项。
11．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pew的研究结果表明，无现金支付在带来好处的同时，也会付出一定的代价，这些代价可能只有部分人群可以承受。A. outcomes结果；B. effects影响；C. benefits好处；D. disadvantages缺点。根据下文上文内容可知，无现金支付为消费者提供了便利，也为企业提供了防盗保护，且收入高的人群使用无现金购物的频率较高，创造了更多的经济价值，这都是无现金支付带来的好处。故选C项。
12．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如前所述，企业领导者通过提出更高的安全性以及改善的客户服务和效率来捍卫无现金政策。A. adopted领养；B. defended捍卫；C. developed发达；D. criticized批评。通过下文“Some advocates have focused on providing people who are underserved by the......of cashless payments.”可知本段讲述支持无现金政策的企业领导和拥护者的做法，意在表明企业是支持无现金政策的。B项defended“捍卫”切合语境。故选B项。
13．
考查动词词词义辨析。句意：如前所述，企业领导者通过提出更高的安全性以及改善的客户服务和效率来捍卫无现金政策。A. hindered阻碍；B. accomplished完成；C. improved改进；D. desired渴望。根据下文with more affordable options可知，企业领导者与支持者之间存在平行结构，此处意在表明企业将会改善客户服务和效率。故选C项。
14．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些倡导者一直致力于为那些理应享受传统银行系统服务的人提供更多负担得起的选择，以打击无现金支付批评背后的根源所在。A. traditional传统的；B. fading褪色的；C. aggressive侵略的；D. unqualified不合格的。分析语境可知，传统银行给人们的服务不够，因此支持者将会为人们提供更具选择的服务。故选A项。
15．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些倡导者一直致力于为那些理应享受传统银行系统服务的人提供更多负担得起的选择，以打击无现金支付批评背后的根源所在。A. transformations变革；B. developments发展；C. criticisms批评；D. creations创作。根据上文内容“Some advocates have focused on providing people who are underserved by the ...... banking system with more affordable options”可知这些人是支持无现金支付模式的，因此他们的目的是要攻击那些对这种支付批评态度的人或者团体。故选C项。
6、We’ve all heard the dangers of helicopter parenting. Remaining too 46 in a kid’s life, especially throughout college, can lead to depression, lack of self-reliance and feelings of entitlement.
Superficially, this wisdom is sound. But some academics and educators now say they see signs of a troubling backlash(反冲). The concern: warnings that moms and dads should 47 “the over parenting trap”—are discouraging parents from getting involved at all.
Yes, parents can be intrusive. 48 , there are increasing examples of parents refusing to step up when students genuinely need their family. One mom kept 49 about her son’s signs of depression until right before he failed a semester. She did not want to “helicopter in.”
That means colleges, which have spent the past decade learning to 50 parents who get too involved, now have a different 51 . But the solution to both is the same: devising ways to channel moms and dads into the right kind of 52 role.
Much of this began because schools were forced to cope with a generation of students 53 with their parents like never before, thanks to smartphones. And with 54 in education soaring, university leaders have started to view parents as investment partners. Most of them have paid for this education for their children or gone into debt for this education. And in some sense, they’re entitled to know and be assured that colleges are 55 their children’s welfare.
Crucially, parent-outreach programs have also served as buffers(缓冲), 56 students—or worse, their professors—the discomfort of the nagging. At the University of Maryland, for example, the parent office has handled 57 for weekly academic-progress reports, which do not exist in higher education. Parents just want to know they have a place to go where someone will listen to their concerns.
But now, with some moms and dads cautious of even contacting the school in the first place, those same programs are being used to encourage a more balanced approach, often via blogs, email and Facebook. Parents are now advised to be a guide, while acknowledging that the 58 owns the journey. That means asking questions, listening to answers, being patient and trusting kids to resolve their own problems. But if issues 59 , or if a student is in serious mental or physical danger, it also means hopping in the chopper, at least for a little while. “When you think about it, helicopters are useful tools,” says Chelsea Petree, who is launching a parent-outreach program. “They can see things we on the 60 can’t see and get to emergencies quicker than we can. They can swoop in when needed. The key is that they go back up.”
46．A．independent B．involved C．attached D．enclosed
47．A．set B．sense C．avoid D．ensure
48．A．Besides B．Similarly C．Actually D．However
49．A．alert B．quiet C．informed D．concerned
50．A．cope with B．identify with C．turn down D．settle down
51．A．attitude B．problem C．approach D．nature
52．A．supportive B．informative C．neutral D．superior
53．A．communicated B．matched C．obsessed D．connected
54．A．complaints B．costs C．demands D．sufferings
55．A．taking care of B．keeping track of C．looking forward to D．taking part in
56．A．costing B．winning C．granting D．sparing
57．A．demands B．passion C．distraction D．priorities
58．A．professor B．parent C．student D．college
59．A．persist B．exist C．arise D．decline
60．A．surface B．ground C．panel D．craft
【答案】
46．B47．C48．D49．B50．A51．B52．A53．D
54．B55．A56．D57．A58．C59．A60．B
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。文章论述了直升机式教育的危险是：过多地参与孩子的生活，尤其是在整个大学期间，可能会导致抑郁、缺乏自立和自以为是。而令人担忧的是：有关父母应避免“过度养育陷阱”的警告，让父母根本不愿参与其中。这意味着，在过去的十年里，大学花了大量的时间来学习如何教育那些过于投入的家长，而现在，大学却有了不同的麻烦。现在家长被建议要多问问题，多听答案，要有耐心，并相信孩子们能够解决自己的问题。
46．考查形容词。A. independent独立的；B. involved有关的；参与；C. attached附加的；D. enclosed封闭的。句意：过多地参与孩子的生活，尤其是在整个大学期间，可能会导致抑郁、缺乏自立和自以为是的感觉。故选B。
47．考查动词。A. set设置；B. sense感觉；C. avoid避免；D. ensure保证。根据下文“the over parenting trap”为“过度育儿陷阱”可知，应为避免这种情况，故选C。
48．考查连词。A. Besides此外；B. Similarly类似地；C. Actually实际上；D. However然而。句意：然而，越来越多的例子表明，当学生真正需要他们的家庭时，父母却拒绝挺身而出。前后文为转折关系，故选D。
49．考查形容词。A. alert警惕的；B. quiet安静的；C. informed消息灵通的；D. concerned关心的。根据下文right before he failed a semester可知，母亲一直对儿子的抑郁症状沉默不言，keep quiet“保持沉默”，故选B。
50．考查动词短语。A. cope with处理；应对；B. identify with认为……等同于，与一致；C. turn down关小；D. settle down定居。句意：这意味着大学在过去的十年里，一直在学习如何应对那些过于投入的家长。故选A。
51．考查名词。A. attitude态度；B. problem问题；C. approach接近；D. nature自然。根据上文可知，大学校长有了一个不同以往的问题。故选B。
52．考查形容词。A. supportive支持的；B. informative教育性的；C. neutral中立的；D. superior优秀的。句意：但是解决这两个问题的方法是一样的：改变方法引导父母进入正确的支持角色。故选A。
53．考查动词。A. communicated交流；B. matched匹配；C. obsessed着迷；D. connected连接。句意：这在很大程度上是因为，由于智能手机的出现，学校被迫应对与父母前所未有地联系在一起的一代学生。connect with“与……连接”，故选D。
54．考查名词。A. complaints抱怨；B. costs花费；C. demands要求；D. sufferings受难。句意：随着教育花费的飙升，大学领导们开始将父母视为投资伙伴。故选B。
55．考查动词短语。A. taking care of照顾；B. keeping track of追踪；C. looking forward to期待；D. taking part in加入。句意：在某种意义上，他们有权知道并确信大学正在照顾他们孩子的福利。故选A。
56．考查动词。A. costing花费；B. winning赢得；C. granting同意；D. sparing抽出；免于。句意：至关重要的是，家长拓展计划也起到了缓冲作用，使学生——或者更糟的是，教授——免受唠叨的困扰。故选D。
57．考查名词。A. demands要求；B. passion激情；C. distraction分心；D. priorities优先权。句意：例如，在马里兰大学，家长办公室负责处理每周学业进展报告的要求，而这在高等教育中并不存在。故选A。
58．考查名词。A. professor教授；B. parent父母；C. student学生；D. college大学。句意：现在，家长们被建议做一名导游，承认学生拥有这段旅程。故选C。
59．考查动词。A. persist持续；B. exist存在；C. arise上升；D. decline下降。句意：但如果问题持续存在，或者学生面临严重的精神或身体危险。故选A。
60．考查名词。A. surface表面；B. ground地面；C. panel仪表板；D. craft工艺。句意：他们能看到我们在地面上看不到的东西，比我们更快地到达紧急情况。故选B。