高中英语高考2019届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专练专题四情态动词和虚拟语气基础巩固外研版

专题四　情态动词和虚拟语气

基础巩固

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.I love the weekend, because I 　　　 get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.  

2.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you 　　　(tell)me, I could have helped.  

3.If it 　　　(be)for his invitation the other day, I would not be here now.  

4.—Can’t you stay a little longer?

—I really　　　go now;my daughter is home alone. 

5.If I　　　(see) it with my own eyes,I wouldn’t have believed it. 

6.It might have saved me some trouble if I　　　(know) the schedule. 

7.I wish I　　　(be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then. 

8.My mom suggests that we　　　eat out for a change this weekend. 

9.It was so noisy that we 　　　hear ourselves speak. 

10.　　　(be)there no modern telecommunications system, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. 

11.—Do you think George has passed the driving test?

—No.If so,he would　　　(drive)his car to our college yesterday. 

12.(2017河北唐山一次调研)Knowing his son’s death could　　　(avoid) if he had called the doctor, he always felt very guilty. 

13.She would be much healthier now　　　she not burdened herself with that much pressure from work when young. 

14.—I am sure I saw Brian in the park this morning.

—You　　　be imagining things;he left for America last night. 

15.Most citizens in Hong Kong strongly insisted that those who attacked the police with violence　　　 (put) into prison. 

16.The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder,indicating that it’s high time we　　　(reflect)on ourselves. 

17.The children 　　　 have got lost in the woods;otherwise, they would have appeared at the lakeside camp as scheduled. 

18.Some experts suggest that fashionable clothes 　　　 (keep) away from. 

19.We can’t imagine that two children 　　　be killed by the washing machine of their house. 

20.It was recommended that children 　　　　 (offer) chances to get close to nature. 

21.The school rules state that no child 　　　 be allowed out of school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 

22.If he 　　　 (insist) that he 　　　 (send) to work there,everything would be OK now. 

23.You 　　　 be Carol and you haven’t changed a bit after all these years. 

24.I would rather 　　　 (go) to work after my graduation,but my father would rather I 　　　 (go) abroad for further education. 

25.It is required by law that enough evidence 　　　 (provide) to prove one is innocent of a crime. 

26.It’s a pity you were late, otherwise you would　　　(see) the film star Rain. 

27.Liza 　　　 well not go on the trip—she hates traveling. 

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.He walked in as if he bought the school, and the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.

2.Tim is a great talker and it’s high time that he does something instead of just talking.

3.It is necessary that the government finds solutions for the problem of air pollution to create a clear environment.

4.It has been suggested the sports meeting put off till the smog is not so severe.

5.I should have fallen asleep because it took me a long time to realize that the telephone was ringing.

6.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam is at the age of six months old.　

7.I paid 200 yuan in speeding fines;if only I respected the traffic rules!

8.Will it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.

9.Did we not used an out-of-date train schedule, we would not have missed the train.

10.We might so well wait for a bus to get to the station since we are not in a hurry.

11.If Mr. Li was here, everything would be all right.

12.My suggestion that he makes a plan first has been accepted.

13.It is requested that the reporter referred to being to blame for the wrong report.

14.When the middle-aged man was visiting his girlfriend, she demanded that he shaves his beard.

15.If George had followed his father’s advice, he will be a lawyer now.

16.You shouldn’t pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.

答案精解精析

Ⅰ.1.needn’t　句意:我爱周末,因为我不必在周六和周日早起。needn’t表示不必。

2.had told　句意:你上周为什么不告诉我你遇到的麻烦?如果你告诉我,我本可以帮你的。本题考查虚拟语气。根据题干中的could have helped和last week可知设空处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故答案为had told。

3.hadn’t been　句意:如果不是因为那天他的邀请,我现在是不会在这里的。根据句意可知,本句为错综时间条件句。主句和现在的事实相反,从句和过去的事实相反,故从句谓语动词为过去完成时。

4.must　句意:——难道你不能再多待一会儿吗?——现在我真的必须得走了,我的女儿独自一人在家。本题考查情态动词。根据上下文可知,答案为must(必须)。

5.hadn’t seen　句意:如果不是我亲眼看到它,我是不会相信的。本题考查虚拟语气。由主句谓语“wouldn’t have believed”可知此处为与过去事实相反的假设,条件从句应该用过去完成时。

6.had known　句意:要是我知道安排的话,我可能会省一些事儿。本题考查虚拟语气。由主句 “It might have saved me some trouble”可知此处是与过去事实相反的假设,所以用过去完成时。

7.had been　句意:我希望上周二我参加了我姐姐的婚礼,可是那时我正在纽约出差。考查虚拟语气。wish后的从句对过去情况进行虚拟时谓语动词应用had done。

8.should　句意:我妈妈建议我们这个周末出去吃饭来换换口味。suggest作“建议”讲时,后面的从句要用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”。

9.couldn’t　根据语境可知此处表示过去的能力,故用couldn’t。

10.Were　句意:要是没有现代化的电信系统,我们得等上几周才能获取世界各地的新闻。本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语可知设空处表示与现在事实相反的假设,if条件从句谓语动词应为动词的过去式(be动词用were),即If there were...,在虚拟条件从句中可以省略if,把were提到句首。

11.have driven　句意:——你认为乔治通过驾照考试了吗?——没有。如果通过了,昨天他就会开车去我们大学了。由yesterday可知本句是与过去事实相反的假设,空格处为主句的谓语,故用have driven。

12.have been avoided　句意:得知如果他请了医生他儿子的死就可以避免,他总是感到很内疚。his son’s death与avoid为被动关系,故设空处需用被动语态;这里表示对过去的虚拟,空格前为情态动词,故需用“情态动词+have been+过去分词”,因此填have been avoided。

13.had　本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,其谓语应为 “had+过去分词”,本句中将if省略了,had提到句首,故设空处填had。

14.must　句意:——我确信今天上午我在公园里见到了Brian。——你一定是在胡思乱想,他昨天晚上离开去美国了。must表示肯定的推测,意为“一定”。

15.(should)be put　句意:大多数香港市民强烈要求那些用暴力袭击警察的人被关入监狱。insist 当“坚持要求”讲时,后面的从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略;those与put为被动关系,应用被动语态。综上所述,答案为(should)be put。

16.reflected/should reflect　由“it is high time sb.did/should do sth.”可知答案。

17.must　句意:孩子们一定在树林里迷路了;否则的话,他们就会按计划出现在湖边的营地了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。

18.(should) be kept　从句主语clothes是动作的承受者,故空格处应用被动语态;suggest意为“建议”,所接的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即“(should+) do”。故空格处填(should) be kept。

19.should　句意:我们无法想象两个孩子竟然被家里的洗衣机绞死了。should可表示“竟然”,符合题意。

20.(should) be offered　在“It is/was recommended that...”中,从句应用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”,而题干中空格处与从句主语是被动关系,故空格处应用被动语态。

21.shall　根据空前的school rules可知,此处是学校规定的内容,结合情态动词的用法可知,shall可用于表示法律条文、规章制度等中的义务,故填shall。

22.had insisted;(should) be sent　句意:如果他坚决要求被派往那儿工作的话,现在一切都好了。条件状语从句与过去事实相反,故第一空填写had insisted;在题干中,insist意为“坚决要求”,所接的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可省略,而主语he是动作的承受者,故第二空填写(should) be sent。

23.must　句意:你一定是Carol,过了这么多年你一点都没变。must一定,表示推测,符合题意。

24.go;went　句意:我宁愿毕业后参加工作,但我父亲却宁愿我出国进修。would rather之后接动词原形,故第一空填go;当would rather后接从句时,从句谓语动词用过去式表示对现在或将来的假设;用had done表示对过去的假设,结合语境可知,第二空填写went。

25.(should) be provided　句意:根据法律要求,要有足够的证据被提供以证实一个人是无罪的。在“It is required that...”中,that之后的从句应用虚拟语气,即“(should+) do”,而主语enough evidence是动作的承受者,故空格处填(should) be provided。

26.have seen　句意:很遗憾你迟到了,否则你就会看到电影明星Rain了。根据otherwise可知,此处是含蓄虚拟语气,且表示对过去的虚拟,故填have seen。

27.may/might　句意:莉莎有充分的理由不去旅游——她讨厌旅游。may/might well(not)do sth.意为“有充分的理由(不)做某事”。

Ⅱ.1.bought前加had　as if从句内容与过去事实相反,故应用虚拟语气,在bought之前添加had。

2.does→did　在句式“It’s (high) time that...”中,that之后的从句应用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用过去式或should do(should不可省略)。故does改为did。

3.finds→find　在“It is necessary+that...”中,从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,故finds改为find。

4.put前加be　在“It is suggested that+从句”中,that之后的从句谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”,should可省略,而本句中从句主语the sports meeting是动作的承受者,因此应用被动语态,put之前需要添加be。

5.should→must　句意:我一定是睡着了,因为我花了很长时间才意识到电话铃响了。should have done sth.意为“本应该做某事”,与语境不符,结合句意可知,should应改为must。

6.is→be　recommend之后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,即“(should+) do”,故is使用错误,应改为be。

7.respected前加had　句意:我交了200元的超速罚金;要是我遵守交通规则就好了!if only之后的句子与过去情况相反,谓语动词应用“had done”,故respected之前添加had。

8.Will→Should　句意:如果明天下雨,我们就不得不取消足球比赛。本题是与将来事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用should do/did/were to do;也可省略if,把should或were提到主语前,形成倒装,故Will改为Should。

9.Did→Had　句意:要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表,我们就不会误了火车。本题是与过去事实相反的假设,逗号之前的从句谓语动词用“had done”,而此处省略了if,had提到主语前,形成了倒装,故Did改为Had。

10.so→as　句意:既然我们不着急,我们倒不如等一辆公共汽车去车站。“may/might as well+动词原形”为常用表达,意为“最好/倒不如做某事”。故so改为as。

11.was→were　本句是与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词应用动词的过去式,be动词使用were,故was改为were。

12.makes→make　suggestion所接的同位语从句应用虚拟语气,即“(should+) do”,故makes改为make。

13.being→be　在“It is requested that...”中,that从句的谓语动词使用“(should+) do”,而题干中referred to是reporter的后置定语,故being错误,应改为be。

14.shaves→shave　demand之后的宾语从句的谓语动词应用“(should+) do”,故shaves改为shave。

15.will→would　本句为错综时间条件句,从句与过去事实相反,而逗号之后的主句与现在事实相反,谓语动词应用“would+动词原形”,故will改为would。

16.shouldn’t→can’t　句意:你无论怎样重视你的阅读技巧都不为过,因为它太重要了。can’t与too much连用,表示“无论……都不为过”。故shouldn’t改为can’t。