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2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市甘南二中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市甘南二中高二（上）期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。
2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市甘南二中高二（上）期末英语试卷
A
Dallas is known as a cultural center of Texas,with some of the state's most popular attractions.While these attractions are temporarily closed,you can still wander the halls of top museums,take in the city skyline,learn a little history or check on your animal friends.
Perot Museum of Nature and Science
Check out the "Amaze Your Brain at Home" series to watch your favorite concepts from the Museum come to life.Explore nature and science at home and in your backyard,all while using the most common household objects and supplies.Take a 360 virtual tour of the "Origins：Fossils from the Cradle of Humankind".
Reunion Tower GeO-Deck
You can still experience Reunion Tower from the comfort of your own home.Color the Dallas skyline,download a game sheet and get video-call ready with Zoom backgrounds.See the 360-degree panoramic （全景的） views with the Reunion Tower virtual reality app or get a live view of Dallas from EarthCam.Find all the fun on the "Visit Me Virtually" page.
The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza
A historic Dallas landmark,The Sixth Floor Museum is located within the former Texas School Book Depository building and keeps records of the life,death and legacy of President John F.Kennedy.You can explore the online collection to see things like an interactive motorcade map,home movies and photo galleries.
Dallas Zoo
Dallas Zoo is using this time to continue to engage,educate,inspire—and ultimately,bring a smile to your face.Chat with staff,see what the animals are up to,and find activity ideas from the Zoo's education and conservation teams.Keep up on Facebook and the Zoo's "Bring the Zoo to You" page.
1. What can tourists do at Reunion Tower GeO-Deck？ ______
A. Enjoy wonderful movies.
B. Learn about humans' origin.
C. Develop your video game app.
D. Get a good view of the whole city.
2. Which place suits a person who is fond of President John F.Kennedy？ ______
A. Perot Museum of Nature and Science.
B. Reunion Tower GeO-Deck.
C. The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza.
D. Dallas Zoo.
3. What do the four places have in common？ ______
A. They are cultural centers of Dallas.
B. They are Dallas' virtual attractions.
C. They are historical museums in the world.
D. They are applications for online exploring.
B
It was a cold Saturday night in February.Some 200 New Yorkers carefully made their way to the reservoir （水库） in the hopes of catching a glimpse of the magical snowy owl，who had touched down in the park the week before in what was reported as the first visit there by the species in more than 130 years.
Except for a few excited screams from children，people were quiet—patiently awaiting the owl's arrival at the reservoir's north gatehouse.The snowy owl did not disappoint.She flew down from the darkness and surveyed the water and the people holding phones and cameras before taking off into the night to the applause of her many fans.They simply wanted to see this lovely creature whose improbable appearance seemed to signify hope after the lockdown
New Yorkers who had long taken Central Park for granted felt a renewed love for this rectangle of green in the heart of the big city and，of course，its amazing wildlife.That the park is a beautiful and essential refuge is something that humans have only come to fully appreciate during these recent times of uncertainty.
Central Park was originally planned and constructed during another difficult time in the nation's history—in the years before and during the American Civil War.Unlike many European parks that had originally been built for the aristocracy （贵族），Central Park was designed as a public space.In its chief architect Frederick Law Olmsted's words，the poor and rich alike could "easily go there after their day's work is done" and "stroll for an hour，seeing，hearing，and feeling nothing of the noise of the streets."
As spring turns into summer，we see people sitting on the grass or benches—catching some sun，having family picnics，or tapping away on their laptops and iPads.Just being other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.
4. What did people do in Central Park on that Saturday night？ ______
A. They cheered for each other. B. They paid their first visit.
C. They came for a rare sight. D. They appreciated a water event.
5. What does the author mainly intend to do in Paragraph 4？ ______
A. Give some examples. B. Make a comparison.
C. Introduce a new opinion. D. Add background information.
6. What do the underlined words "in proximity to" in Paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. Close to. B. Free from.
C. At a distance from. D. In comparison with.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Find Refuge in Central Park.
B. Take Your Breath by Snow Owl.
C. Trace Central Park to difficult times.
D. Meet an improbable "visitor" in person.
C
Toothpaste（牙膏） tubes with remaining contents have been a headache for many of us.But not,perhaps,for much longer.
In 2012，Kripa Varanasi,a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT），and Dave Smith,his PhD student,set up a company called LiquiGlide to produce toothpaste tubes with super-smooth surfaces that promise to deliver every last bit of their contents.
Mibelle Group,a Swiss producer of expensive health-care and beauty products,is the first company to employ the technology to lessen the amount of material left stuck to the insides of containers in its factories when it is time for a clean-up.Now Colgate Palmolive,an American company,has used LiquiGlide's technology for its new toothpaste,called Elixir,which has gone on sale in Europe,though no decision has yet been made about whether it will be applied to other cheaper products.
To produce their containers,Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith first carved special patterns and then apply a special liquid to fill the gaps and create super-slippery surfaces on the inner surfaces.
Besides pleasing customers who like to get their money's worth,the new toothpaste tubes can help with recycling.Existing tubes are rarely recycled,not only because they have toothpaste left inside them but also because they are usually made from plastic.Mixed materials of this sort are hard to recycle,and therefore end up being dumped in landfill,or burned.
Despite their latest success with toothpaste,Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith have not given up on food products such as yogurt and cheese which usually come in plastic containers.So far,cheaper consumer product makers have not accepted the idea.But the health and beauty industry,where products tend to be more expensive,is interested.
8. What can be inferred about Elixir？ ______
A. It cannot be held in normal tubes.
B. It is relatively expensive.
C. It will be on sale in China soon.
D. It can effectively beautify kids' teeth.
9. What does the underlined word "slippery" in paragraph4 mean？ ______
A. Rough. B. Soft. C. Smooth. D. Hard.
10. Which is LiquiGlide's latest marketing success？ ______
A. Beauty industry. B. Fast food industry.
C. Bottled water industry. D. Toothpaste industry.
11. What should be done to help the tube enter more consumer product markets？ ______
A. Lowering the costs. B. Improving its recyclability.
C. Increasing quantity. D. Spending more on advertisements.
D
While waiting in bus stations，airports or parks，some people are busy with a friendly conversation，and others read newspapers，comics（漫画），novels and pocket books.That was many years ago.
Today everyone uses smartphones，tablets and laptops at home，work and school.Exactly，it improves our communication，social media，entertainment and provides convenience to work.The computers，Interweb，and smartphones have become part of our everyday life.
However，the publishing houses suffer terrible losses，and the comics industry is out of business，for everyone goes digital and gadget（小玩意） dependent.
Especially in the COVID-19 times，the sales（销售） of PC，laptops and gadgets suddenly went up quickly.Because of health safety problems，people chose to shop online.Moreover，education happens through Online Distance Learning，which forced parents to buy desktops and smartphones.Yet behind the benefits and use of these modern gadgets is a sad reality.Many students lose the face-to-face conversation power.skills in public speaking，and social skills.
Another problem is health.The young generation today spends so much time on gadgets inside homes.They don't live the traditional healthy outdoor life.The result is eyesight problems and enjoying very little sunlight.
For workers，too much exposure（暴露） to video call meetings has damaged their health.What's more，many of us are expected to continue working at home.
Modern information technology （IT） has really-affected our way of life，In the COVID-19 times，these products of modern technology have protected us from public exposure and direct interaction with people.However，its continuous use can also harm people's health and interest.Thus，we should take control of IT application in our life and not allow IT to endanger our health and safety.
12. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？ ______
A. To give tips on how to make good use of our time.
B. To draw readers' interest in traditional ways of life.
C. To serve as the background information of the text.
D. To provide readers with a typical life scene many years ago.
13. What do we know from the second paragraph？ ______
A. A smartphone is more useful than a computer.
B. Without information technology，we can't communicate
C. We are not able to work or study with no computers.
D. Information technology brings people many benefits.
14. What problem can IT gadgets cause？ ______
A. Many students talk little face to face.
B. Many publishing houses turn to IT business.
C. Many parents are forced to learn to use IT gadgets.
D. Many workers are out of work and have to stay inside.
15. Which is the best title of the text？ ______
A. How did COVID-19 affect information technology？
B. How does modern information technology affect us？
C. How did modern technology become part of our everyday life？
D. How do people make use of modern technology？
How to Ask for a Raise
Picture this：Your heart is racing and you're starting to sweat a little as you walk into your boss's office to ask for a bigger paycheck.Don't worry. (1)
What does preparation look like？
Taheripour，a professional negotiator，says good preparation begins with the story we tell ourselves.Write down all of your accomplishments at work.Consider whether you've taken on additional responsibilities or projects. (2) The answers to these questions become data to bring into the conversation.
The other thing is building confidence. (3) "If you are putting yourself down，then your goals are going to be lower，" she says.
Making the ask
Taheripour suggests a few conversation starters： "How's your day？" or "How's your family？Is your son still playing sports？"
When you're ready to get down to business，Taheripour notes "You say to your boss，‘ I want to talk about my role，and I've had a really good year here.'" And you pick the two or three things that are your strongest arguments fur why they should pay you more. (4) That actually doesn't increase the amount of power that you have.Remember to keep it short and sweet.
"It's not in the budget"
(5) If so，Taheripour says，consider replying like this， "I know these are really tough times，but I just wanted to bring these things to your attention，because I have taken on so much responsibility."
Ask your boss to acknowledge all of the hard work you're doing.If a salary increase isn't possible now，ask to have the conversation six months in the future.
A.Then focus on the arguments.
B.There is a cure for salary negotiations.
C.A lot of people want to give 20 arguments.
D.You should consider different possible answers.
E.It's possible that your boss will give you this answer.
F.It's risky to walk into negotiations with low self-worth.
G.Think about whether the projects have added value to your company.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
One March morning，my husband，my children and I went out to McDonalds.It was just our way of (21) play time with our family.We were standing in line， (22) to be served when everyone around us began to back away.
As I turned around，I smelled a (23) smell.Standing behind me were two homeless men.As I looked down at the short man(24) to me，he was smiling at me.His beautiful blue (25) were full of God's Light.He said "Good day" as he counted the few (26) he had been holding.The second man was fumbling （摆平） with his hands，standing behind his friend and keeping laughing and talking to himself.I realized the second man was (27) mentally （精神上） disabled.The young lady at the counter asked the short man what he (28).He said， "Coffee is all，Miss." That was all he could(29).To sit in the (30)and warm up，they had to buy something.
Just then，I noticed all eyes in the restaurant(31) me.I smiled and asked the young lady to give me two more breakfasts.I then walked to the table that the two men had chosen as a (32) spot.I put the (33) on the table and laid my hand on the short man's cold hand.He looked up at me with tears in his eyes，and said， "Thank you."
When I sat down，my husband smiled at me and said， "That is(34) God gave you to me，honey—to give me hope." We held hands for a moment and at that time，me knew that we were not church goers but we were believers.That short man's smile (35) me the pure Light of God.
21. A. wasting B. sharing C. saving D. earning
22. A. waiting B. refusing C. regretting D. hesitating
23. A. dangerous B. harmful C. horrible D. sweet
24. A. close B. related C. addicted D. attached
25. A. hair B. clothes C. eyes D. faces
26. A. books B. newspapers C. cards D. coins
27. A. gradually B. obviously C. officially D. suddenly
28. A. begged B. sold C. offered D. wanted
29. A. destroy B. employ C. afford D. observe
30. A. supermarket B. concert C. cinema D. restaurant
31. A. focused on B. stood for C. led to D. differed from
32. A. living B. working C. learning D. resting
33. A. meals B. wallets C. smartphones D. bills
34. A. what B. why C. how D. when
35. A. sent B. warned C. showed D. handed
36. Charles Darwin began a journey (1) the ship，the Beagle，in 1831，and it gave him the chance to Study (2) （ various） of living things in their natural environments.As he studied samples of plants and animals，he wondered how different species came to exist.The idea that animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments (3) （inspire） Darwin to look for more evidence.
When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw plenty of new species，but it was the birds (4) interested him the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from (5) common ancestor and that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from (6) （ early） ancestors.
Darwin explained his theory of evolution in his book，On the Origin of Species.Darwin's scientific (7) （study） were so convincing that more and more people started to believe (8) （ he） theory.
Today，On the Origin of Species (9) （regard） as one of the most important works ever (10) （write）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你校要举办一次英语演讲比赛，题目是"我的梦想"。你打算参加比赛，要写一篇演讲稿，演讲稿包括以下内容：
（1）不同的人的梦想：成为科学家、宇航员或富有的人；
（2）我的梦想：成为一个自食其力、有责任感的人；一个乐于助人、懂得感恩的人。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Good afternoon，everyone! Thank you for listening.
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Christmas Day was coming.I was just a kid then,and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus.I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me.I knew Grandma always told me the truth.Grandma was home,and I told her everything.She was ready for me. "No Santa Claus!" She shouted. "Ridiculous!Don't believe it." That rumor has been going around for years,and it makes me mad,plain mad.
"Now,put on your coat,and let's go."
"Go where,Grandma？" I asked. "Where" turned out to be Kerby's General Store,the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything.As we walked through its doors,Grandma handed me ten dollars. "Take this money." she said,"and buy something for someone who needs it.I'll wait for you in the car." Then she turned and walked out of Kerby's.
I was only eight years old.I'd often gone shopping with my mother,but never had I shopped for anything all by myself.The store seemed big and crowded,full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping.For a few moments I just stood there,confused,holding that ten-dollar bill,wondering what to buy and who to buy it for.I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker,who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair.He sat right behind me in Mrs Pollock's grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn't have a coat.I knew that because he never went out for recess during the winter.His mother always wrote a note,telling the teacher that he had a cough,but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn't have a cough,and he didn't have a coat.I would buy Bobby Decker a coat!I settled on a red one,which looked really warm,and he would like that.
"Is this a Christmas present for someone？" the lady behind the counter asked kindly,as I laid my ten dollars down. "Yes."
The nice lady smiled at me,put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
Para 1：
That evening,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
Para 2：
Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Decker's front door to open and finally it opened.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、D
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第三部分中的See the 360-degree panoramic （全景的） views with the Reunion Tower virtual reality app or get a live view of Dallas from EarthCam.Find all the fun on the "Visit Me Virtually" page.（使用 Reunion Tower 虚拟现实应用程序查看 360 度全景视图，或从 EarthCam 获得达拉斯的实时视图。在"Visit Me Virtually"页面上找到所有乐趣。）可知游客可以在留尼旺塔GeO-Deck上饱览整个城市。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第四部分A historic Dallas landmark,The Sixth Floor Museum is located within the former Texas School Book Depository building and keeps records of the life,death and legacy of President John F.Kennedy.（作为达拉斯历史悠久的地标性建筑，六楼博物馆位于前德克萨斯学校图书存放大楼内，记录了约翰•肯尼迪总统的生平和遗产。）可推测在迪利广场六楼博物馆可以了解约翰•肯尼迪总统的生平，是其最合适的选择。故选C。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据第二部分中的Take a 360 virtual tour of the Origins：Fossils from the Cradle of Humankind.（参加起源：人类摇篮的化石的 360 度虚拟之旅。）和第三部分中的Find all the fun on the "Visit Me Virtually" page.（在Visit Me Virtually页面上找到所有乐趣。）以及第四部分中的You can explore the online collection to see things like an interactive motorcade map,home movies and photo galleries.（您可以浏览在线收藏，查看交互式车队地图、家庭电影和照片画廊等内容。）以及第五部分中的Keep up on Facebook and the Zoo's "Bring the Zoo to You" page.（关注 Facebook 和动物园的"把动物园带给你"页面。）可推断，这四个地方是在线探索的应用程序。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了达拉斯被称为德克萨斯州的文化中心，拥有该州一些最受欢迎的景点。虽然这些景点暂时关闭，但您仍然可以在顶级博物馆的大厅中，通过线上了解四处特色景点。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
4~7.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Some 200 New Yorkers carefully made their way to the reservoir （水库） in the hopes of catching a glimpse of the magical snowy owl（200名纽约人小心翼翼地来到水库，希望能一睹这只神奇的雪鸮的模样。）以及as the first visit there by the species in more than 130 years.（该物种130多年来首次来到这里。）可知，人们在周六的晚上来到中心公园主要了是观看一只130多年来首次来到这里雪鸮。故选C。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Central Park was originally planned and constructed during another difficult time in the nation's history—in the years before and during the American Civil War.（中央公园最初是在美国历史上的另一个艰难时期----美国内战前和内战期间----规划和建造的。）可知，第四段交代了中央公园建设的特殊历史时期，为文章讲述中央公园交代了历史背景。故选D。
（3）A.词义猜测题。根据划线词上文As spring turns into summer，we see people sitting on the grass or benches—catching some sun，having family picnics，or tapping away on their laptops and iPads.（随着春去夏来，我们看到人们坐在草地上或长椅上----晒晒太阳，家庭野餐，或者在笔记本电脑和iPads上敲敲打打。）可知，纽约人喜欢在中央公园聚集；再结合划线部分所在句子Just being other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.（仅仅是在中央公园和其他人......就给了我们一种归属感----一种我们会坚持下去的感觉。）可知，句中的community意为"归属感"，只有人们之间近距离接触的时候才会有归属感，A选项意为"接近"。结合选项A.Close to.接近；B.Free from.免于；C.At a distance from.与...有一段距离；D.In comparison with.比较。故选A。
（4）A.标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章揭示了长期以来，纽约人一直把中央公园视为城市的中心，更是神奇野生动物的家园。同时交代了中央公园建设的历史背景，不论是战争年代，还是和平年代，中央公园已然成为了纽约人的归属感的代表和象征。以及根据最后一段中的Just being other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.（在中央公园和其他人近距离接触给了我们一种归属的感觉----一种我们会以某种方式坚持下去的感觉。）可知，人们在中央公园中能够找到人们坚持下去的归属感。表明中央公园为纽约人提供了精神慰藉。故A.Find Refuge in Central Park.（在中央公园找寻慰藉）适合作文章标题。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。开篇以200名纽约人在水库观赏神奇雪鸮为开头，引出文章的主题中央公园。揭示了长期以来，纽约人一直把中央公园视为城市的中心，更是神奇野生动物的家园。同时交代了中央公园建设的历史背景，不论是战争年代，还是和平年代，中央公园已然成为了纽约人的归属感的代表和象征。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
8~11.【答案】B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第三段Now Colgate-Palmolive,an American company,has used LiquiGlide 's technology for its new toothpaste,called Elixir,which has gone on sale in Europe,though no decision has yet been made about whether it will be applied to other cheaper products.（现在，美国高露洁公司在其名为Elixir的新牙膏中使用了LiquiGlide的技术。Elixir已在欧洲上市，但尚未决定是否将其应用于其他更便宜的产品。）可推断，Elixir这款新产品是相对昂贵的。故选B。
（2）C.词句猜测题。根据第四段中Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith first carved special patterns and then apply a special liquid to fill the gaps and create super-slippery surfaces on the inner surfaces.（Dr.Varanasi和Dr.Smith首先雕刻了特殊的图案，然后用一种特殊的液体填充缝隙，在内部表面创造出超级光滑的表面。）可知，这样做的目的是为了生产光滑的容器。由此推知，划线词slippery与smooth（光滑的）意思接近。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段Despite their latest success with toothpaste,Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith have not given up on food products such as yogurt and cheese which usually come in plastic containers.（尽管最近在牙膏上取得了成功，瓦拉纳西博士和史密斯博士并没有放弃通常装在塑料容器里的酸奶和奶酪等食品。）可知，该技术最近被牙膏制造商采用了。故选D。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段So far,cheaper consumer product makers have not accepted the idea.But the health and beauty industry,where products tend to be pricier,is interested.（到目前为止，廉价消费品制造商还没有接受这个想法。但产品往往比较昂贵的健康美容行业对此很感兴趣。）可推断，削减成本、降低价格才是进入更广泛的消费品市场的关键。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LiquiGlide发明的一种内壁超滑的牙膏管。
考查政治经济类阅读理解。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）C.目的意图题。根据第一段的While waiting in bus stations，airports or parks，some people are busy with a friendly conversation，and others read newspapers，comics （漫画），novels and pocket books.That was many years ago.（在公共汽车站、机场或公园等候时，一些人正忙于进行友好的交谈，而另一些人则在阅读报纸、漫画、小说和袖珍书。那是很多年前的事了。）可知，首段介绍了很多年前的一幅生活场景，目的是提供背景信息，并导入主题--现代信息技术如何影响我们的。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的Today everyone uses smartphones，tablets and laptops at home，work and school.Exactly，it improves our communication，social media，entertainment and provides convenience to work. （今天，每个人在家里、工作和学校都使用智能手机、平板电脑和笔记本电脑。确切地说，它改善了我们的沟通、社交媒体、娱乐，并为工作提供了便利。）可知，信息技术给人们的生活带来很多好处。故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句的Yet behind the benefits and use of these modern gadgets is a sad reality.Many students lose the face-to-face conversation power.skills in public speaking，and social skills.（然而，在这些现代设备的好处和使用背后，却是一个令人悲哀的现实。许多学生失去了面对面交谈的能力，公共演讲技巧和社交技巧。）可知，现代设备导致很多学生失去面对面会话的能力，他们几乎不进行面对面交流。故选A。
（4）B.标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的Modern information technology （IT） has really-affected our way of life.（现代信息技术确实影响了我们的生活方式。）可知，本文主要关于现代信息技术对我们的生活方方面面的影响，不仅有好的方面，也有坏的方面，所以本文的最佳标题是"现代信息技术如何影响我们？"。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代信息技术对人们的身心健康所造成的影响。
做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、G、F、C、E
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据标题How to Ask for a Raise （如何要求加薪），根据上文Picture this：Your heart is racing and you're starting to sweat a little as you walk into your boss's office to ask for a bigger paycheck.Don't worry.（想象一下：当你走进老板的办公室要求加薪时，你的心跳加速，开始有点出汗。别担心。）和下文关于如何提加薪的方法可知，该空应该是针对向老板提出加薪感到紧张一事，提出解决方法，引出下文如何提加薪的方法，B选项"有一种解决薪资谈判的方法。"符合语境。故选B项。
（2）G.细节理解题。根据上文Write down all of your accomplishments at work.Consider whether you've taken on additional responsibilities or projects.（写下你在工作中取得的所有成就。考虑你是否承担了额外的责任或项目。）可知，提加薪时，要做准备工作，要先弄清楚你在工作中取得的所有成就，G项中的"whether"和"the projects"与上文中的"whether"和"projects"相呼应。承接上文具体讲你在工作中取得的成就，G选项"想想这些项目是否为您的公司带来了附加值。"符合语境。故选G项。
（3）F.推理判断题。根据上文The other thing is building confidence. （另一件事是建立信心。）根据下文If you are putting yourself down，then your goals are going to be lower，" she says（她说："如果你在贬低自己，那么你的薪资目标就会更低。"）可知，提加薪时，要有自信，引出"低自我价值的人去谈加薪的危害"的话题，F选项"带着低自我价值进行谈判是有风险的。"符合语境。故选F项。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据上文And you pick the two or three things that are your strongest arguments fur why they should pay you more. （然后你选择两到三个最有力的理由来解释他们为什么应该给你更多的报酬。）以及下文"That actually doesn't increase the amount of power that you have. （这实际上并不会增加你拥有的说服的力量。）"讲加薪理由多对于加薪无效。可知，在提加薪时，作者建议选择两到三个最有力的理由来向老板解释为什么你应该得到更多的报酬，C选项"很多人想给出20个理由。"表明与作者建议提加薪方法不同的、无用的做法，符合语境。故选C项。
（5）E.主旨大意题。根据小标题It's not in the budget（加薪不在预算中）可知，对于你提出的加薪要求，老板可能会用"加薪不在预算中"来回绝你的要求，承接上文讲可能会出现老板拒绝提薪的这种情况，根据下文If so，Taheripour says，consider replying like this， "I know these are really tough times，but I just wanted to bring these things to your attention，because I have taken on so much responsibility."（Taheripour说，如果是这样的话，可以考虑这样回答："我知道现在真的很艰难，但我只是想让你注意到这些事情，因为我承担了太多的责任。"）中针对这种情况你应该如何做的方法。E选项"你的老板可能会给你这个答案。"符合语境。故选E项。
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何向老板提出加薪要求提供了几点建议。
"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、C、D、B、D、C、D、A、D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.wasting浪费；B.sharing分享；C.saving保存；D.earning赚得。句意：这只是我们和家人分享玩耍时间的方式。根据上文"One March morning，my husband，my children and I went out to McDonalds."可知，去麦当劳是作者和家人分享玩耍时间的方式。故选B。
（2）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.waiting等待；B.refusing拒绝；C.regretting遗憾；D.hesitating犹豫。句意：我们站成一排，等着供应，这时周围的人都开始往后退。根据上文"We were standing in line，"可知，作者一家排队等待取餐。故选A。
（3）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dangerous危险的；B.harmful有害的；C.horrible可怕的；D.sweet甜的。句意：当我转过身，我闻到了一股可怕的气味。根据上文"We were standing in line，2 to be served when everyone around us began to back away."可知，因为闻到了可怕的气味，所以人们纷纷退让。故选C。
（4）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.close靠近的；B.related相关的；C.addicted沉溺的；D.attached附加的。句意：当我低头看着靠近我的那个矮个子男人时，他正在对我微笑。根据下文"he was smiling at me."可知，矮个子男人离作者很靠近。故选A。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.hair头发；B.clothes衣服；C.eyes眼睛；D.faces脸。句意：他美丽的蓝眼睛里充满了上帝的光芒。根据上文"His beautiful blue"和"full of God's Light"可知，矮个子男人眼睛是蓝色的。故选C。
（6）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.books书；B.newspapers报纸；C.cards卡片；D.coins硬币。句意：他一边数着手里的几枚硬币，一边说了声"你好"。根据下文"That was all he could （9）."可知，矮个子男人只能付得起咖啡的钱，所以手里拿的是硬币。故选D。
（7）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐地；B.obviously明显地；C.officially正式地；D.suddenly突然地。句意：我意识到第二个人显然是智障人士。根据上文"The second man was fumbling （摆平） with his hands，standing behind his friend and keeping laughing and talking to himself."和常识可知，作者意识到第二个人明显是智障人士。故选B。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.begged恳求；B.sold卖；C.offered提供；D.wanted想要。句意：柜台边的年轻女士问那个矮个男人想要什么。根据下文"He said， "Coffee is all，Miss.""可知，柜台服务员问矮个男人想要买什么。故选D。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.destroy摧毁；B.employ雇佣；C.afford付得起；D.observe观察。句意：那是他所能负得起的。根据上文"He said "Good day" as he counted the few （6）he had been holding."可知，几枚硬币只能买得起一杯咖啡。故选C。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.supermarket超市；B.concert音乐会；C.cinema电影院；D.restaurant饭馆。句意：为了在餐厅里坐着暖和暖和，他们得买些东西。根据文章首句"One March morning，my husband，my children and I went out to McDonalds."可知，两个无家可归的人是为了在餐厅里坐着暖和暖和，所以到麦当劳餐厅。故选D。
（11）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.focused on关注；集中；B.stood for代表；C.led to导致；D.differed from与……不同。句意：就在这时，我注意到餐厅里所有的目光都集中在我身上。根据上文"We were standing in line，（2）to be served when everyone around us began to back away."可知，其他顾客都纷纷退让，只剩下作者一人，所以其他人的目光都集中在作者身上。故选A。
（12）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.living生活；B.working工作；C.learning学习；D.resting休息。句意：然后我走到那两个人选择的休息地点。根据上文"I then walked to the table"可知，作者把两份早餐送到两个无家可归人休息地点。故选D。
（13）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.meals膳食；B.wallets钱包；C.smartphones智能手机；D.bills账单。句意：我把食物放在桌子上，把手放在矮个子男人冰冷的手上。根据上文"I smiled and asked the young lady to give me two more breakfasts."可知，作者把两份早餐送给两个无家可归人。故选A。
（14）B.考查连接词及语境理解。A.what什么；B.why为什么；C.how怎么；D.when什么时候。句意：当我坐下时，我的丈夫微笑着对我说："这就是为什么上帝把你给了我，亲爱的---给我希望。"根据下文"God gave you to me"可知，丈夫说这是上帝把作者给了他的原因。That is why…那就是为什么，连接副词why引导表语从句。故选B。
（15）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.sent派送；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.handed递交。句意：那个矮个男人的微笑让我看到了上帝纯洁的光芒。根据上文"That short man's smile"可知，矮个男人的微笑向作者展示了上帝的纯洁之光。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人在快餐店麦当劳购餐时帮助无家可归人的经历。
完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。
36.【答案】【小题1】on
【小题2】varieties
【小题3】inspired
【小题4】that
【小题5】a
【小题6】earlier
【小题7】studies
【小题8】his
【小题9】is regarded
【小题10】written
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：1831年，查尔斯•达尔文在贝格尔号船上开始了一次旅行，on the ship"坐船"，为固定搭配，故填on。
（2）考查名词的固定搭配。句意：这使他有机会在自然环境中研究各种生物。varieties os"各种各样的"，为固定搭配，故填varieties。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：动物在适应环境变化的过程中不断进化，这一观点激励达尔文寻找更多的证据。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填inspired。
（4）考查强调句。句意：1835年，当小猎犬号到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时，达尔文看到了许多新物种，但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。本句为强调句，强调句型为it is+被强调部分+that，此处强调了主语bird，故填that。
（5）考查冠词。句意：达尔文怀疑雀类是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这就是新动植物物种如何存在的答案：它们是从更早的祖先进化而来。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
（6）考查形容词比较级。句意：达尔文怀疑雀类是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这就是新动植物物种如何存在的答案：它们是从更早的祖先进化而来。表示"较早的"，所以用形容词比较级作定语修饰名词，故填earlier。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。作主语，谓语为were，所以用名词复数，故填studies。
（8）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填his。
（9）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今天，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。根据时间状语today，可知描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，regard和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填is regarded。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：今天，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。write和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填written。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了达尔文的研究和他的《物种起源》的重要性。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Good afternoon，everyone!
Today I feel honored to have a chance to share my dream with you here.（演讲主题）
Some young people dream of becoming scientists while others wish to become astronauts like Yang Liwei.【高分句型一】Of course，there are many that would love to be rich.（不同的人的梦想：成为科学家、宇航员或富有的人）
Personally，I want to be a man who is self-dependent and has a full sense of responsibility，a man who is helpful to those in trouble.Furthermore，I'd like to be someone who knows how to be grateful.【高分句型二】（我的梦想：成为一个自食其力、有责任感的人；一个乐于助人、懂得感恩的人）
Thank you for listening.
【解析】高分句型一 Some young people dream of becoming scientists while others wish to become astronauts like Yang Liwei.
翻译：一些年轻人梦想成为科学家，而另一些人则希望成为像杨利伟这样的宇航员。
分析：句中使用了连词while引导并列句，while意为"然而"，表示对比。
高分句型二 Furthermore，I'd like to be someone who knows how to be grateful.
翻译：此外，我想成为一个懂得感恩的人。
分析：句中使用了who引导的限制性定语从句。
这是一篇演讲稿，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1
That evening,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.She wrote "To Bob by,From Santa Claus" on it,after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers.【高分句型一】Grandma parked down the street form Bobby's house,and I took a deep breath and dashed for his front door.Seeing no other people notice us,I put the Christmas present down,pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car.【高分句型二】（作者和奶奶作为圣诞老人给Bobby送礼物的故事）
Paragraph 2
Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Decker's front door to open and finally it opened.Out went Bobby Decker.Seeing the coat in the bag,he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out.After hearing them say" Thanks to Santa Claus,I felt very proud of what I had done.At that time I decided to be Santa's helper forever.It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree. （作者和奶奶看到Bobby出来拿到了圣诞礼物，非常开心）
【解析】本文为记叙文。作者的姐姐告诉作者世界上没有圣诞老人，作者逃到奶奶那里想要听奶奶说实话，结果奶奶带作者到一个商店，给了作者10美元，让作者给有需要的人买东西，于是作者给自己的同学买了一件红色的外套。
高分句型一：She wrote "To Bob by,From Santa Claus" on it,after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers.
翻译：她在信上写了"给博比，圣诞老人送的"，然后她开车送我到博比德克家，解释说我是圣诞老人的正式助手之ー。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Seeing no other people notice us,I put the Christmas present down,pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car.
翻译：看到没人注意到我们，我放下圣诞礼物，按了他的门铃，然后奶奶和我藏在车里。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词Seeing no other people notice us作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市甘南二中高二（上）期末英语试卷
A
Dallas is known as a cultural center of Texas,with some of the state's most popular attractions.While these attractions are temporarily closed,you can still wander the halls of top museums,take in the city skyline,learn a little history or check on your animal friends.
Perot Museum of Nature and Science
Check out the "Amaze Your Brain at Home" series to watch your favorite concepts from the Museum come to life.Explore nature and science at home and in your backyard,all while using the most common household objects and supplies.Take a 360 virtual tour of the "Origins：Fossils from the Cradle of Humankind".
Reunion Tower GeO-Deck
You can still experience Reunion Tower from the comfort of your own home.Color the Dallas skyline,download a game sheet and get video-call ready with Zoom backgrounds.See the 360-degree panoramic （全景的） views with the Reunion Tower virtual reality app or get a live view of Dallas from EarthCam.Find all the fun on the "Visit Me Virtually" page.
The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza
A historic Dallas landmark,The Sixth Floor Museum is located within the former Texas School Book Depository building and keeps records of the life,death and legacy of President John F.Kennedy.You can explore the online collection to see things like an interactive motorcade map,home movies and photo galleries.
Dallas Zoo
Dallas Zoo is using this time to continue to engage,educate,inspire—and ultimately,bring a smile to your face.Chat with staff,see what the animals are up to,and find activity ideas from the Zoo's education and conservation teams.Keep up on Facebook and the Zoo's "Bring the Zoo to You" page.
1. What can tourists do at Reunion Tower GeO-Deck？ ______
A. Enjoy wonderful movies.
B. Learn about humans' origin.
C. Develop your video game app.
D. Get a good view of the whole city.
2. Which place suits a person who is fond of President John F.Kennedy？ ______
A. Perot Museum of Nature and Science.
B. Reunion Tower GeO-Deck.
C. The Sixth Floor Museum at Dealey Plaza.
D. Dallas Zoo.
3. What do the four places have in common？ ______
A. They are cultural centers of Dallas.
B. They are Dallas' virtual attractions.
C. They are historical museums in the world.
D. They are applications for online exploring.
B
It was a cold Saturday night in February.Some 200 New Yorkers carefully made their way to the reservoir （水库） in the hopes of catching a glimpse of the magical snowy owl，who had touched down in the park the week before in what was reported as the first visit there by the species in more than 130 years.
Except for a few excited screams from children，people were quiet—patiently awaiting the owl's arrival at the reservoir's north gatehouse.The snowy owl did not disappoint.She flew down from the darkness and surveyed the water and the people holding phones and cameras before taking off into the night to the applause of her many fans.They simply wanted to see this lovely creature whose improbable appearance seemed to signify hope after the lockdown
New Yorkers who had long taken Central Park for granted felt a renewed love for this rectangle of green in the heart of the big city and，of course，its amazing wildlife.That the park is a beautiful and essential refuge is something that humans have only come to fully appreciate during these recent times of uncertainty.
Central Park was originally planned and constructed during another difficult time in the nation's history—in the years before and during the American Civil War.Unlike many European parks that had originally been built for the aristocracy （贵族），Central Park was designed as a public space.In its chief architect Frederick Law Olmsted's words，the poor and rich alike could "easily go there after their day's work is done" and "stroll for an hour，seeing，hearing，and feeling nothing of the noise of the streets."
As spring turns into summer，we see people sitting on the grass or benches—catching some sun，having family picnics，or tapping away on their laptops and iPads.Just being other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.
4. What did people do in Central Park on that Saturday night？ ______
A. They cheered for each other. B. They paid their first visit.
C. They came for a rare sight. D. They appreciated a water event.
5. What does the author mainly intend to do in Paragraph 4？ ______
A. Give some examples. B. Make a comparison.
C. Introduce a new opinion. D. Add background information.
6. What do the underlined words "in proximity to" in Paragraph 5 mean？ ______
A. Close to. B. Free from.
C. At a distance from. D. In comparison with.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Find Refuge in Central Park.
B. Take Your Breath by Snow Owl.
C. Trace Central Park to difficult times.
D. Meet an improbable "visitor" in person.
C
Toothpaste（牙膏） tubes with remaining contents have been a headache for many of us.But not,perhaps,for much longer.
In 2012，Kripa Varanasi,a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology （MIT），and Dave Smith,his PhD student,set up a company called LiquiGlide to produce toothpaste tubes with super-smooth surfaces that promise to deliver every last bit of their contents.
Mibelle Group,a Swiss producer of expensive health-care and beauty products,is the first company to employ the technology to lessen the amount of material left stuck to the insides of containers in its factories when it is time for a clean-up.Now Colgate Palmolive,an American company,has used LiquiGlide's technology for its new toothpaste,called Elixir,which has gone on sale in Europe,though no decision has yet been made about whether it will be applied to other cheaper products.
To produce their containers,Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith first carved special patterns and then apply a special liquid to fill the gaps and create super-slippery surfaces on the inner surfaces.
Besides pleasing customers who like to get their money's worth,the new toothpaste tubes can help with recycling.Existing tubes are rarely recycled,not only because they have toothpaste left inside them but also because they are usually made from plastic.Mixed materials of this sort are hard to recycle,and therefore end up being dumped in landfill,or burned.
Despite their latest success with toothpaste,Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith have not given up on food products such as yogurt and cheese which usually come in plastic containers.So far,cheaper consumer product makers have not accepted the idea.But the health and beauty industry,where products tend to be more expensive,is interested.
8. What can be inferred about Elixir？ ______
A. It cannot be held in normal tubes.
B. It is relatively expensive.
C. It will be on sale in China soon.
D. It can effectively beautify kids' teeth.
9. What does the underlined word "slippery" in paragraph4 mean？ ______
A. Rough. B. Soft. C. Smooth. D. Hard.
10. Which is LiquiGlide's latest marketing success？ ______
A. Beauty industry. B. Fast food industry.
C. Bottled water industry. D. Toothpaste industry.
11. What should be done to help the tube enter more consumer product markets？ ______
A. Lowering the costs. B. Improving its recyclability.
C. Increasing quantity. D. Spending more on advertisements.
D
While waiting in bus stations，airports or parks，some people are busy with a friendly conversation，and others read newspapers，comics（漫画），novels and pocket books.That was many years ago.
Today everyone uses smartphones，tablets and laptops at home，work and school.Exactly，it improves our communication，social media，entertainment and provides convenience to work.The computers，Interweb，and smartphones have become part of our everyday life.
However，the publishing houses suffer terrible losses，and the comics industry is out of business，for everyone goes digital and gadget（小玩意） dependent.
Especially in the COVID-19 times，the sales（销售） of PC，laptops and gadgets suddenly went up quickly.Because of health safety problems，people chose to shop online.Moreover，education happens through Online Distance Learning，which forced parents to buy desktops and smartphones.Yet behind the benefits and use of these modern gadgets is a sad reality.Many students lose the face-to-face conversation power.skills in public speaking，and social skills.
Another problem is health.The young generation today spends so much time on gadgets inside homes.They don't live the traditional healthy outdoor life.The result is eyesight problems and enjoying very little sunlight.
For workers，too much exposure（暴露） to video call meetings has damaged their health.What's more，many of us are expected to continue working at home.
Modern information technology （IT） has really-affected our way of life，In the COVID-19 times，these products of modern technology have protected us from public exposure and direct interaction with people.However，its continuous use can also harm people's health and interest.Thus，we should take control of IT application in our life and not allow IT to endanger our health and safety.
12. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？ ______
A. To give tips on how to make good use of our time.
B. To draw readers' interest in traditional ways of life.
C. To serve as the background information of the text.
D. To provide readers with a typical life scene many years ago.
13. What do we know from the second paragraph？ ______
A. A smartphone is more useful than a computer.
B. Without information technology，we can't communicate
C. We are not able to work or study with no computers.
D. Information technology brings people many benefits.
14. What problem can IT gadgets cause？ ______
A. Many students talk little face to face.
B. Many publishing houses turn to IT business.
C. Many parents are forced to learn to use IT gadgets.
D. Many workers are out of work and have to stay inside.
15. Which is the best title of the text？ ______
A. How did COVID-19 affect information technology？
B. How does modern information technology affect us？
C. How did modern technology become part of our everyday life？
D. How do people make use of modern technology？
How to Ask for a Raise
Picture this：Your heart is racing and you're starting to sweat a little as you walk into your boss's office to ask for a bigger paycheck.Don't worry. (1)
What does preparation look like？
Taheripour，a professional negotiator，says good preparation begins with the story we tell ourselves.Write down all of your accomplishments at work.Consider whether you've taken on additional responsibilities or projects. (2) The answers to these questions become data to bring into the conversation.
The other thing is building confidence. (3) "If you are putting yourself down，then your goals are going to be lower，" she says.
Making the ask
Taheripour suggests a few conversation starters： "How's your day？" or "How's your family？Is your son still playing sports？"
When you're ready to get down to business，Taheripour notes "You say to your boss，‘ I want to talk about my role，and I've had a really good year here.'" And you pick the two or three things that are your strongest arguments fur why they should pay you more. (4) That actually doesn't increase the amount of power that you have.Remember to keep it short and sweet.
"It's not in the budget"
(5) If so，Taheripour says，consider replying like this， "I know these are really tough times，but I just wanted to bring these things to your attention，because I have taken on so much responsibility."
Ask your boss to acknowledge all of the hard work you're doing.If a salary increase isn't possible now，ask to have the conversation six months in the future.
A.Then focus on the arguments.
B.There is a cure for salary negotiations.
C.A lot of people want to give 20 arguments.
D.You should consider different possible answers.
E.It's possible that your boss will give you this answer.
F.It's risky to walk into negotiations with low self-worth.
G.Think about whether the projects have added value to your company.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
One March morning，my husband，my children and I went out to McDonalds.It was just our way of (21) play time with our family.We were standing in line， (22) to be served when everyone around us began to back away.
As I turned around，I smelled a (23) smell.Standing behind me were two homeless men.As I looked down at the short man(24) to me，he was smiling at me.His beautiful blue (25) were full of God's Light.He said "Good day" as he counted the few (26) he had been holding.The second man was fumbling （摆平） with his hands，standing behind his friend and keeping laughing and talking to himself.I realized the second man was (27) mentally （精神上） disabled.The young lady at the counter asked the short man what he (28).He said， "Coffee is all，Miss." That was all he could(29).To sit in the (30)and warm up，they had to buy something.
Just then，I noticed all eyes in the restaurant(31) me.I smiled and asked the young lady to give me two more breakfasts.I then walked to the table that the two men had chosen as a (32) spot.I put the (33) on the table and laid my hand on the short man's cold hand.He looked up at me with tears in his eyes，and said， "Thank you."
When I sat down，my husband smiled at me and said， "That is(34) God gave you to me，honey—to give me hope." We held hands for a moment and at that time，me knew that we were not church goers but we were believers.That short man's smile (35) me the pure Light of God.
21. A. wasting B. sharing C. saving D. earning
22. A. waiting B. refusing C. regretting D. hesitating
23. A. dangerous B. harmful C. horrible D. sweet
24. A. close B. related C. addicted D. attached
25. A. hair B. clothes C. eyes D. faces
26. A. books B. newspapers C. cards D. coins
27. A. gradually B. obviously C. officially D. suddenly
28. A. begged B. sold C. offered D. wanted
29. A. destroy B. employ C. afford D. observe
30. A. supermarket B. concert C. cinema D. restaurant
31. A. focused on B. stood for C. led to D. differed from
32. A. living B. working C. learning D. resting
33. A. meals B. wallets C. smartphones D. bills
34. A. what B. why C. how D. when
35. A. sent B. warned C. showed D. handed
36. Charles Darwin began a journey (1) the ship，the Beagle，in 1831，and it gave him the chance to Study (2) （ various） of living things in their natural environments.As he studied samples of plants and animals，he wondered how different species came to exist.The idea that animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments (3) （inspire） Darwin to look for more evidence.
When the Beagle reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw plenty of new species，but it was the birds (4) interested him the most.Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands.Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from (5) common ancestor and that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from (6) （ early） ancestors.
Darwin explained his theory of evolution in his book，On the Origin of Species.Darwin's scientific (7) （study） were so convincing that more and more people started to believe (8) （ he） theory.
Today，On the Origin of Species (9) （regard） as one of the most important works ever (10) （write）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定你校要举办一次英语演讲比赛，题目是"我的梦想"。你打算参加比赛，要写一篇演讲稿，演讲稿包括以下内容：
（1）不同的人的梦想：成为科学家、宇航员或富有的人；
（2）我的梦想：成为一个自食其力、有责任感的人；一个乐于助人、懂得感恩的人。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Good afternoon，everyone! Thank you for listening.
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Christmas Day was coming.I was just a kid then,and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus.I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me.I knew Grandma always told me the truth.Grandma was home,and I told her everything.She was ready for me. "No Santa Claus!" She shouted. "Ridiculous!Don't believe it." That rumor has been going around for years,and it makes me mad,plain mad.
"Now,put on your coat,and let's go."
"Go where,Grandma？" I asked. "Where" turned out to be Kerby's General Store,the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything.As we walked through its doors,Grandma handed me ten dollars. "Take this money." she said,"and buy something for someone who needs it.I'll wait for you in the car." Then she turned and walked out of Kerby's.
I was only eight years old.I'd often gone shopping with my mother,but never had I shopped for anything all by myself.The store seemed big and crowded,full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping.For a few moments I just stood there,confused,holding that ten-dollar bill,wondering what to buy and who to buy it for.I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker,who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair.He sat right behind me in Mrs Pollock's grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn't have a coat.I knew that because he never went out for recess during the winter.His mother always wrote a note,telling the teacher that he had a cough,but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn't have a cough,and he didn't have a coat.I would buy Bobby Decker a coat!I settled on a red one,which looked really warm,and he would like that.
"Is this a Christmas present for someone？" the lady behind the counter asked kindly,as I laid my ten dollars down. "Yes."
The nice lady smiled at me,put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
Para 1：
That evening,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
Para 2：
Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Decker's front door to open and finally it opened.
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、C、D
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第三部分中的See the 360-degree panoramic （全景的） views with the Reunion Tower virtual reality app or get a live view of Dallas from EarthCam.Find all the fun on the "Visit Me Virtually" page.（使用 Reunion Tower 虚拟现实应用程序查看 360 度全景视图，或从 EarthCam 获得达拉斯的实时视图。在"Visit Me Virtually"页面上找到所有乐趣。）可知游客可以在留尼旺塔GeO-Deck上饱览整个城市。故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据第四部分A historic Dallas landmark,The Sixth Floor Museum is located within the former Texas School Book Depository building and keeps records of the life,death and legacy of President John F.Kennedy.（作为达拉斯历史悠久的地标性建筑，六楼博物馆位于前德克萨斯学校图书存放大楼内，记录了约翰•肯尼迪总统的生平和遗产。）可推测在迪利广场六楼博物馆可以了解约翰•肯尼迪总统的生平，是其最合适的选择。故选C。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据第二部分中的Take a 360 virtual tour of the Origins：Fossils from the Cradle of Humankind.（参加起源：人类摇篮的化石的 360 度虚拟之旅。）和第三部分中的Find all the fun on the "Visit Me Virtually" page.（在Visit Me Virtually页面上找到所有乐趣。）以及第四部分中的You can explore the online collection to see things like an interactive motorcade map,home movies and photo galleries.（您可以浏览在线收藏，查看交互式车队地图、家庭电影和照片画廊等内容。）以及第五部分中的Keep up on Facebook and the Zoo's "Bring the Zoo to You" page.（关注 Facebook 和动物园的"把动物园带给你"页面。）可推断，这四个地方是在线探索的应用程序。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了达拉斯被称为德克萨斯州的文化中心，拥有该州一些最受欢迎的景点。虽然这些景点暂时关闭，但您仍然可以在顶级博物馆的大厅中，通过线上了解四处特色景点。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
4~7.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Some 200 New Yorkers carefully made their way to the reservoir （水库） in the hopes of catching a glimpse of the magical snowy owl（200名纽约人小心翼翼地来到水库，希望能一睹这只神奇的雪鸮的模样。）以及as the first visit there by the species in more than 130 years.（该物种130多年来首次来到这里。）可知，人们在周六的晚上来到中心公园主要了是观看一只130多年来首次来到这里雪鸮。故选C。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Central Park was originally planned and constructed during another difficult time in the nation's history—in the years before and during the American Civil War.（中央公园最初是在美国历史上的另一个艰难时期----美国内战前和内战期间----规划和建造的。）可知，第四段交代了中央公园建设的特殊历史时期，为文章讲述中央公园交代了历史背景。故选D。
（3）A.词义猜测题。根据划线词上文As spring turns into summer，we see people sitting on the grass or benches—catching some sun，having family picnics，or tapping away on their laptops and iPads.（随着春去夏来，我们看到人们坐在草地上或长椅上----晒晒太阳，家庭野餐，或者在笔记本电脑和iPads上敲敲打打。）可知，纽约人喜欢在中央公园聚集；再结合划线部分所在句子Just being other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.（仅仅是在中央公园和其他人......就给了我们一种归属感----一种我们会坚持下去的感觉。）可知，句中的community意为"归属感"，只有人们之间近距离接触的时候才会有归属感，A选项意为"接近"。结合选项A.Close to.接近；B.Free from.免于；C.At a distance from.与...有一段距离；D.In comparison with.比较。故选A。
（4）A.标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章揭示了长期以来，纽约人一直把中央公园视为城市的中心，更是神奇野生动物的家园。同时交代了中央公园建设的历史背景，不论是战争年代，还是和平年代，中央公园已然成为了纽约人的归属感的代表和象征。以及根据最后一段中的Just being other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.（在中央公园和其他人近距离接触给了我们一种归属的感觉----一种我们会以某种方式坚持下去的感觉。）可知，人们在中央公园中能够找到人们坚持下去的归属感。表明中央公园为纽约人提供了精神慰藉。故A.Find Refuge in Central Park.（在中央公园找寻慰藉）适合作文章标题。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。开篇以200名纽约人在水库观赏神奇雪鸮为开头，引出文章的主题中央公园。揭示了长期以来，纽约人一直把中央公园视为城市的中心，更是神奇野生动物的家园。同时交代了中央公园建设的历史背景，不论是战争年代，还是和平年代，中央公园已然成为了纽约人的归属感的代表和象征。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
8~11.【答案】B、C、D、A
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第三段Now Colgate-Palmolive,an American company,has used LiquiGlide 's technology for its new toothpaste,called Elixir,which has gone on sale in Europe,though no decision has yet been made about whether it will be applied to other cheaper products.（现在，美国高露洁公司在其名为Elixir的新牙膏中使用了LiquiGlide的技术。Elixir已在欧洲上市，但尚未决定是否将其应用于其他更便宜的产品。）可推断，Elixir这款新产品是相对昂贵的。故选B。
（2）C.词句猜测题。根据第四段中Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith first carved special patterns and then apply a special liquid to fill the gaps and create super-slippery surfaces on the inner surfaces.（Dr.Varanasi和Dr.Smith首先雕刻了特殊的图案，然后用一种特殊的液体填充缝隙，在内部表面创造出超级光滑的表面。）可知，这样做的目的是为了生产光滑的容器。由此推知，划线词slippery与smooth（光滑的）意思接近。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段Despite their latest success with toothpaste,Dr.Varanasi and Dr.Smith have not given up on food products such as yogurt and cheese which usually come in plastic containers.（尽管最近在牙膏上取得了成功，瓦拉纳西博士和史密斯博士并没有放弃通常装在塑料容器里的酸奶和奶酪等食品。）可知，该技术最近被牙膏制造商采用了。故选D。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段So far,cheaper consumer product makers have not accepted the idea.But the health and beauty industry,where products tend to be pricier,is interested.（到目前为止，廉价消费品制造商还没有接受这个想法。但产品往往比较昂贵的健康美容行业对此很感兴趣。）可推断，削减成本、降低价格才是进入更广泛的消费品市场的关键。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了LiquiGlide发明的一种内壁超滑的牙膏管。
考查政治经济类阅读理解。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】C、D、A、B
【解析】（1）C.目的意图题。根据第一段的While waiting in bus stations，airports or parks，some people are busy with a friendly conversation，and others read newspapers，comics （漫画），novels and pocket books.That was many years ago.（在公共汽车站、机场或公园等候时，一些人正忙于进行友好的交谈，而另一些人则在阅读报纸、漫画、小说和袖珍书。那是很多年前的事了。）可知，首段介绍了很多年前的一幅生活场景，目的是提供背景信息，并导入主题--现代信息技术如何影响我们的。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的Today everyone uses smartphones，tablets and laptops at home，work and school.Exactly，it improves our communication，social media，entertainment and provides convenience to work. （今天，每个人在家里、工作和学校都使用智能手机、平板电脑和笔记本电脑。确切地说，它改善了我们的沟通、社交媒体、娱乐，并为工作提供了便利。）可知，信息技术给人们的生活带来很多好处。故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句的Yet behind the benefits and use of these modern gadgets is a sad reality.Many students lose the face-to-face conversation power.skills in public speaking，and social skills.（然而，在这些现代设备的好处和使用背后，却是一个令人悲哀的现实。许多学生失去了面对面交谈的能力，公共演讲技巧和社交技巧。）可知，现代设备导致很多学生失去面对面会话的能力，他们几乎不进行面对面交流。故选A。
（4）B.标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的Modern information technology （IT） has really-affected our way of life.（现代信息技术确实影响了我们的生活方式。）可知，本文主要关于现代信息技术对我们的生活方方面面的影响，不仅有好的方面，也有坏的方面，所以本文的最佳标题是"现代信息技术如何影响我们？"。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代信息技术对人们的身心健康所造成的影响。
做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、G、F、C、E
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据标题How to Ask for a Raise （如何要求加薪），根据上文Picture this：Your heart is racing and you're starting to sweat a little as you walk into your boss's office to ask for a bigger paycheck.Don't worry.（想象一下：当你走进老板的办公室要求加薪时，你的心跳加速，开始有点出汗。别担心。）和下文关于如何提加薪的方法可知，该空应该是针对向老板提出加薪感到紧张一事，提出解决方法，引出下文如何提加薪的方法，B选项"有一种解决薪资谈判的方法。"符合语境。故选B项。
（2）G.细节理解题。根据上文Write down all of your accomplishments at work.Consider whether you've taken on additional responsibilities or projects.（写下你在工作中取得的所有成就。考虑你是否承担了额外的责任或项目。）可知，提加薪时，要做准备工作，要先弄清楚你在工作中取得的所有成就，G项中的"whether"和"the projects"与上文中的"whether"和"projects"相呼应。承接上文具体讲你在工作中取得的成就，G选项"想想这些项目是否为您的公司带来了附加值。"符合语境。故选G项。
（3）F.推理判断题。根据上文The other thing is building confidence. （另一件事是建立信心。）根据下文If you are putting yourself down，then your goals are going to be lower，" she says（她说："如果你在贬低自己，那么你的薪资目标就会更低。"）可知，提加薪时，要有自信，引出"低自我价值的人去谈加薪的危害"的话题，F选项"带着低自我价值进行谈判是有风险的。"符合语境。故选F项。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据上文And you pick the two or three things that are your strongest arguments fur why they should pay you more. （然后你选择两到三个最有力的理由来解释他们为什么应该给你更多的报酬。）以及下文"That actually doesn't increase the amount of power that you have. （这实际上并不会增加你拥有的说服的力量。）"讲加薪理由多对于加薪无效。可知，在提加薪时，作者建议选择两到三个最有力的理由来向老板解释为什么你应该得到更多的报酬，C选项"很多人想给出20个理由。"表明与作者建议提加薪方法不同的、无用的做法，符合语境。故选C项。
（5）E.主旨大意题。根据小标题It's not in the budget（加薪不在预算中）可知，对于你提出的加薪要求，老板可能会用"加薪不在预算中"来回绝你的要求，承接上文讲可能会出现老板拒绝提薪的这种情况，根据下文If so，Taheripour says，consider replying like this， "I know these are really tough times，but I just wanted to bring these things to your attention，because I have taken on so much responsibility."（Taheripour说，如果是这样的话，可以考虑这样回答："我知道现在真的很艰难，但我只是想让你注意到这些事情，因为我承担了太多的责任。"）中针对这种情况你应该如何做的方法。E选项"你的老板可能会给你这个答案。"符合语境。故选E项。
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何向老板提出加薪要求提供了几点建议。
"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。
21~35.【答案】B、A、C、A、C、D、B、D、C、D、A、D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.wasting浪费；B.sharing分享；C.saving保存；D.earning赚得。句意：这只是我们和家人分享玩耍时间的方式。根据上文"One March morning，my husband，my children and I went out to McDonalds."可知，去麦当劳是作者和家人分享玩耍时间的方式。故选B。
（2）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.waiting等待；B.refusing拒绝；C.regretting遗憾；D.hesitating犹豫。句意：我们站成一排，等着供应，这时周围的人都开始往后退。根据上文"We were standing in line，"可知，作者一家排队等待取餐。故选A。
（3）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.dangerous危险的；B.harmful有害的；C.horrible可怕的；D.sweet甜的。句意：当我转过身，我闻到了一股可怕的气味。根据上文"We were standing in line，2 to be served when everyone around us began to back away."可知，因为闻到了可怕的气味，所以人们纷纷退让。故选C。
（4）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.close靠近的；B.related相关的；C.addicted沉溺的；D.attached附加的。句意：当我低头看着靠近我的那个矮个子男人时，他正在对我微笑。根据下文"he was smiling at me."可知，矮个子男人离作者很靠近。故选A。
（5）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.hair头发；B.clothes衣服；C.eyes眼睛；D.faces脸。句意：他美丽的蓝眼睛里充满了上帝的光芒。根据上文"His beautiful blue"和"full of God's Light"可知，矮个子男人眼睛是蓝色的。故选C。
（6）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.books书；B.newspapers报纸；C.cards卡片；D.coins硬币。句意：他一边数着手里的几枚硬币，一边说了声"你好"。根据下文"That was all he could （9）."可知，矮个子男人只能付得起咖啡的钱，所以手里拿的是硬币。故选D。
（7）B.考查副词及语境理解。A.gradually逐渐地；B.obviously明显地；C.officially正式地；D.suddenly突然地。句意：我意识到第二个人显然是智障人士。根据上文"The second man was fumbling （摆平） with his hands，standing behind his friend and keeping laughing and talking to himself."和常识可知，作者意识到第二个人明显是智障人士。故选B。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.begged恳求；B.sold卖；C.offered提供；D.wanted想要。句意：柜台边的年轻女士问那个矮个男人想要什么。根据下文"He said， "Coffee is all，Miss.""可知，柜台服务员问矮个男人想要买什么。故选D。
（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.destroy摧毁；B.employ雇佣；C.afford付得起；D.observe观察。句意：那是他所能负得起的。根据上文"He said "Good day" as he counted the few （6）he had been holding."可知，几枚硬币只能买得起一杯咖啡。故选C。
（10）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.supermarket超市；B.concert音乐会；C.cinema电影院；D.restaurant饭馆。句意：为了在餐厅里坐着暖和暖和，他们得买些东西。根据文章首句"One March morning，my husband，my children and I went out to McDonalds."可知，两个无家可归的人是为了在餐厅里坐着暖和暖和，所以到麦当劳餐厅。故选D。
（11）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.focused on关注；集中；B.stood for代表；C.led to导致；D.differed from与……不同。句意：就在这时，我注意到餐厅里所有的目光都集中在我身上。根据上文"We were standing in line，（2）to be served when everyone around us began to back away."可知，其他顾客都纷纷退让，只剩下作者一人，所以其他人的目光都集中在作者身上。故选A。
（12）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.living生活；B.working工作；C.learning学习；D.resting休息。句意：然后我走到那两个人选择的休息地点。根据上文"I then walked to the table"可知，作者把两份早餐送到两个无家可归人休息地点。故选D。
（13）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.meals膳食；B.wallets钱包；C.smartphones智能手机；D.bills账单。句意：我把食物放在桌子上，把手放在矮个子男人冰冷的手上。根据上文"I smiled and asked the young lady to give me two more breakfasts."可知，作者把两份早餐送给两个无家可归人。故选A。
（14）B.考查连接词及语境理解。A.what什么；B.why为什么；C.how怎么；D.when什么时候。句意：当我坐下时，我的丈夫微笑着对我说："这就是为什么上帝把你给了我，亲爱的---给我希望。"根据下文"God gave you to me"可知，丈夫说这是上帝把作者给了他的原因。That is why…那就是为什么，连接副词why引导表语从句。故选B。
（15）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.sent派送；B.warned警告；C.showed展示；D.handed递交。句意：那个矮个男人的微笑让我看到了上帝纯洁的光芒。根据上文"That short man's smile"可知，矮个男人的微笑向作者展示了上帝的纯洁之光。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人在快餐店麦当劳购餐时帮助无家可归人的经历。
完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛，体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强，具有鲜明的时代感，包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。
36.【答案】【小题1】on
【小题2】varieties
【小题3】inspired
【小题4】that
【小题5】a
【小题6】earlier
【小题7】studies
【小题8】his
【小题9】is regarded
【小题10】written
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：1831年，查尔斯•达尔文在贝格尔号船上开始了一次旅行，on the ship"坐船"，为固定搭配，故填on。
（2）考查名词的固定搭配。句意：这使他有机会在自然环境中研究各种生物。varieties os"各种各样的"，为固定搭配，故填varieties。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：动物在适应环境变化的过程中不断进化，这一观点激励达尔文寻找更多的证据。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填inspired。
（4）考查强调句。句意：1835年，当小猎犬号到达加拉帕戈斯群岛时，达尔文看到了许多新物种，但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。本句为强调句，强调句型为it is+被强调部分+that，此处强调了主语bird，故填that。
（5）考查冠词。句意：达尔文怀疑雀类是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这就是新动植物物种如何存在的答案：它们是从更早的祖先进化而来。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
（6）考查形容词比较级。句意：达尔文怀疑雀类是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，这就是新动植物物种如何存在的答案：它们是从更早的祖先进化而来。表示"较早的"，所以用形容词比较级作定语修饰名词，故填earlier。
（7）考查可数名词的复数。句意：达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。作主语，谓语为were，所以用名词复数，故填studies。
（8）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：达尔文的科学研究是如此令人信服，以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填his。
（9）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今天，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。根据时间状语today，可知描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，regard和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为专有名词，故填is regarded。
（10）考查过去分词。句意：今天，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。write和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填written。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了达尔文的研究和他的《物种起源》的重要性。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Good afternoon，everyone!
Today I feel honored to have a chance to share my dream with you here.（演讲主题）
Some young people dream of becoming scientists while others wish to become astronauts like Yang Liwei.【高分句型一】Of course，there are many that would love to be rich.（不同的人的梦想：成为科学家、宇航员或富有的人）
Personally，I want to be a man who is self-dependent and has a full sense of responsibility，a man who is helpful to those in trouble.Furthermore，I'd like to be someone who knows how to be grateful.【高分句型二】（我的梦想：成为一个自食其力、有责任感的人；一个乐于助人、懂得感恩的人）
Thank you for listening.
【解析】高分句型一 Some young people dream of becoming scientists while others wish to become astronauts like Yang Liwei.
翻译：一些年轻人梦想成为科学家，而另一些人则希望成为像杨利伟这样的宇航员。
分析：句中使用了连词while引导并列句，while意为"然而"，表示对比。
高分句型二 Furthermore，I'd like to be someone who knows how to be grateful.
翻译：此外，我想成为一个懂得感恩的人。
分析：句中使用了who引导的限制性定语从句。
这是一篇演讲稿，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1
That evening,Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.She wrote "To Bob by,From Santa Claus" on it,after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers.【高分句型一】Grandma parked down the street form Bobby's house,and I took a deep breath and dashed for his front door.Seeing no other people notice us,I put the Christmas present down,pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car.【高分句型二】（作者和奶奶作为圣诞老人给Bobby送礼物的故事）
Paragraph 2
Grandma and I waited breathlessly for Bobby Decker's front door to open and finally it opened.Out went Bobby Decker.Seeing the coat in the bag,he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out.After hearing them say" Thanks to Santa Claus,I felt very proud of what I had done.At that time I decided to be Santa's helper forever.It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree. （作者和奶奶看到Bobby出来拿到了圣诞礼物，非常开心）
【解析】本文为记叙文。作者的姐姐告诉作者世界上没有圣诞老人，作者逃到奶奶那里想要听奶奶说实话，结果奶奶带作者到一个商店，给了作者10美元，让作者给有需要的人买东西，于是作者给自己的同学买了一件红色的外套。
高分句型一：She wrote "To Bob by,From Santa Claus" on it,after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker's house explaining I was officially one of Santa's helpers.
翻译：她在信上写了"给博比，圣诞老人送的"，然后她开车送我到博比德克家，解释说我是圣诞老人的正式助手之ー。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Seeing no other people notice us,I put the Christmas present down,pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and I hid in the car.
翻译：看到没人注意到我们，我放下圣诞礼物，按了他的门铃，然后奶奶和我藏在车里。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词Seeing no other people notice us作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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