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2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市湘阴二中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市湘阴二中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共16页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市湘阴二中高一（上）期末英语试卷
Home stay is a form of study—abroad program.It allows the visitors to stay with a local family.It helps to better understand the local lifestyle . (1) .If you wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience，you should join this kind of holiday.I am sure you won't be disappointed"，said a teacher during a school meeting last term.
After this meeting，I always thought about this kind of holiday.At last，I had such a chance to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates last month.We went to London，a place where I had wanted to go since years ago. (2) .I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. (3) .They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from then on.
(4) .After breakfast，a local teacher would come to take us in his car.Then we would have classes or go on a sight—seeing trip to different places of interest like Big Ben.London Bridge，and Beckingham Palace.We would go back to our own homes after the activities.
The holiday was a valuable experience for me.I enjoyed every minute of it. (5) .Three weeks later，we had to leave "home" for Hong Kong.
A.It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability.
B.After we got to London，we went to stay with different families.
C.But time really flew fast
D.They treated me as a daughter of their family
E.The holiday was filled with activities every day
F.It took me 8 hours to fly to London
G.The teacher was very strict with me
1. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
2. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
3. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
4. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
B
Life is like the four seasons.Now I am very old，but when I was young，it was the spring of my life.I was born，I played a lot，and then I started school.I learned many new things.Like a flower，I grew bigger every day.There were happy days and sorrowful days：some days the sun shone，and some days it didn't.
In my twenties，I had a good job.I was strong and happy.Then I married and had a child.In those days，I didn't have much time to think.Every day I was busy and worked very hard.And so，I started to get some white hairs.The summer of my life passed quickly.
Then the days got shorter.Leaves fell from the trees.My child was a university student，and then an engineer（工程师）.My home was much quieter.I started walking more slowly.One day I stopped working.I had more time.I understood this was my autumn，a beautiful time when the trees change color and give us delicious fruits.
But the days kept getting shorter and colder.Winter has come.I am older and weaker.I know I do not have many days left，but I will enjoy them to the end.
6. The writer was very busy in the ______ of his life.
A. winter B. spring C. autumn D. summer
7. Which of the followings is true？ ______
A. The writer was an engineer.
B. The writer now is old，but he still enjoys his life.
C. The writer had a garden with flowers.
D. The writer was always happy as a child.
8. What's the best title of this passage？ ______
A. Four Seasons B. My Life
C. Four Seasons in a Year D. Four Seasons in My Life
C
Dear Aunt Aggie，
I'm having a problem with my classmate，Rena，at school.The other day I wrote an e-mail to another classmate，Beth，in which I said some things about Rena that perhaps weren't very nice.Unluckily，when Beth was writing back to me，she accidentally（意外地） forwarded（转递） the message to Rena!Now Rena is really angry with me and won't talk to me，and Beth is unhappy as well.She's said sorry to me a hundred times already，but the harm is done.I feel bad，because I would never have said those things to Rena's face，but how do I get her to forgive me？What should I do？
Joe
Dear Joe，
This problem is more common than you might think!E-mail is very useful，but also very dangerous，as you don't know where your message might end up!First of all，you should say sorry right away to Rena.Explain that it was a mistake，and that you didn't mean to hurt her feelings.It may take time to get on well with her.Perhaps you can send her some flowers.But just remember that old saying： "If you don't have anything nice to say，don't say anything at all." And good luck!
Aggie
9. What is Joe's problem in the first e-mail？ ______
A. Rena sent Beth an e-mail and made her unhappy.
B. Joe received a wrong e-mail from Rena and became angry.
C. Beth is unhappy because Joe sent her an angry e-mail.
D. Joe made Rena unhappy and he felt very sad.
10. After Rena's feelings got hurt，what did Joe do？ ______
A. He e-mailed Aunt Aggie for help.
B. He e-mailed her and said sorry.
C. He asked Beth what he should do.
D. He said sorry to Rena face to face.
11. What advice did Aggie give Joe？ ______
A. Joe，Beth and Rena should have a talk together.
B. Joe should say sorry to Rena and send her some flowers.
C. Joe should wait for some time before saying sorry to Rena.
D. Joe should ask Beth to explain that to Rena.
D
Now throwing shoes at somebody is a favorite game on the Internet.Sometimes you should throw your shoes!Here's an example.
After leaving his office at the center of city，a young man bought a new car and drove it from the city to his home.He was very happy and the car ran very fast.Suddenly，a shoe hit the car in the door.The man got very angry.He jumped out of car and caught a boy who still had a shoe in his hand.
"Who are you？Why do you do that？" the angry man shouted at the boy.
"I'm sorry...But I don't know what else to do.My sister has been hurt.I cry for help but nobody stops" the boy says.
The man looked around and saw a girl by the road.Her leg was bleeding（流血）.
"She is my sister.She wants to cross the road but falls out of her wheelchair.She is too heavy for me.I can't get her back into the wheelchair." The man was moved.He helped the bleeding girl back into her wheelchair. "Thank you.You're so kind and helpful."，" says the little boy.
Life speaks to our hearts.Sometimes we don't have time to listen and he will throw a shoe at us.
12. Where did the young man want to go in his new car ？ ______
A. To his home B. To the center of city
C. To his office D. To the supermarket
13. Who threw a shoe at the car？ ______
A. A bleeding girl. B. A small boy.
C. A young man. D. Somebody in the game.
14. Why did the boy throw the shoe？ ______
A. Because he wanted to help the young man.
B. Because he needed help.
C. Because he was hurt.
D. Because the car ran very fast.
15. What do you learn from the article？ ______
A. We should drive slowly.
B. We shouldn't get angry when someone throws shoes at our cars.
C. We shouldn't play computer games.
D. We should be kind and helpful.
E
Different gestures mean different things in different countries.Sometimes a gesture that is polite in one country is not polite in another and should not be used.The different meanings of gestures can also cause problems in understanding what another person wants or is trying to say.In Thailand，for example，if you want someone to come towards you，you hold out a hand，palm downwards，and move all the fingers backwards and forwards.In most Western countries，however，you show another person that you want him or her to come towards you by holding out a hand，palm upwards，and moving the first finger only backwards and forwards.
A gesture that many people do not understand uses the thumb.Most Westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a hand with the thumb sticking up in the air.This is called giving someone or something the "thumbs up".However，only one thumb is used，so it should really be "thumb up".
The usual explanation of this gesture is not really correct.It states that Roman times when people at a circus were pleased with the way a gladiator（角斗士） had fought，they showed the emperor that they were pleased by giving the "thumbs up" signal.When they were not pleased they gave the "thumbs down" gesture.When a gladiator was given the "thumbs up"，the emperor allowed him to live.When a gladiator was given the thumbs down"，the emperor ordered him to be killed.
This explanation is not correct.The error is caused by a wrong translation from the Latin words police verso.This means turned thumb" It does not say which way the thumb is turned—up or down.People thought that up meant "life" and down meant "death".In fact，the gesture used by spectators（观众） to save a gladiator's life was called the "compressed thumb".In this gesture the spectator actually hid their thumbs in their hands so that there would be no mistake which way they were pointing.When the spectators pointed their thumbs towards the gladiator，they probably meant the gladiator should be killed.When they did not show their thumbs at all，they probably meant that he should be allowed to live.
16. The story is mainly about ______ .
A. the "thumbs up" gesture B. gestures around the world
C. gladiators in Ancient Rome D. circuses now and then
17. If you want someone to come to you in Thailand，you ______ .
A. use the "thumbs down" gesture
B. point your thumb at them
C. hold out your hand，palm down and move your fingers
D. hold out your hand，palm up and move your first finger toward you.
18. When the Westerners stick up their thumb，they ______ .
A. agree to let someone die B. like something
C. want someone to die D. want to go to a circus.
19. Most people think the "thumbs up" gesture meant ______ .
A. the Romans were not pleased
B. the circus could continue
C. the emperor wanted the gladiator to live
D. spectators wanted the gladiator to live
20. If the spectators wanted the gladiator to live，they ______
A. hid their thumbs B. stuck their thumbs up
C. used the police verso D. pointed their thumbs at him
21. American police have stepped up their search for Justin Foster，who went (1) （miss） last Friday night.His mother became (2) （ worry） and told her husband to call the police when Justin did not show (3) for lunch.
That evening，Justin returned home after the game. (4) （ witness） also said that they saw Justin (5) （ walk） towards his home.Justin's sister，Kelly (6) （hear） him put on his favourite CD and she also saw a large spaceship flying outside.
Mavis Wood said that she was once taken away by aliens so that they could do research on her.The whole research was frightening just like (7) terrible dream.
Police found that Justin did in fact return home.But police have dismissed the idea that Justin was taken away (8) aliens.Detective Sam Peterson， (9) took charge of the case said that the (10) （ policeman） were looking into other possibilities and they would not give up until they found convincing evidence.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
A young woman in her 20s was sitting on the train，next to her mother.They both looked(22)but excited.
The young woman was looking out from the (23)window quietly.Suddenly，she shouted， "Mom，look!The trees are behind us!" Her voice was so (24) that everyone on the train heard it.
Mom smiled .But a young couple sitting nearby looked at the young woman's childish (25)with pity.They thought， " Poor young woman.There must be something wrong with her (26)."
A little while later，the young woman (27)again， "Mom，look!The clouds are running with us!" Mom smiled again.And she seemed very happy to (28) the young woman's words.
Finally，the couple couldn't(29)asking the old woman， "Sorry if we offend （冒犯）you.But(30)don't you take your daughter to a good doctor？"
The old woman smiled and said， "I did.And we are just coming from the hospital."
"Then you should go to a (31)one.Because it seems that your daughter's situation hasn't improved，" said the couple.They felt (32)for the old woman.
"No，in fact I'm very happy with the (33)， " said the mother. "My daughter was (34)from birth.Today，she is seeing the world for the first time."
Every single person has a story.Don't (35)people before you truly know them.The (36) might surprise you.
22. A. annoyed B. happy C. tired D. disappointed
23. A. classroom's B. house's C. home's D. train's
24. A. loud B. low C. gentle D. beautiful
25. A. face B. voice C. words D. behavior
26. A. mind B. eyes C. hand D. ears
27. A. said B. added C. shouted D. whispered
28. A. hear B. listen C. sound D. feel
29. A. love B. help C. stop D. think
30. A. when B. why C. how D. where
31. A. better B. bigger C. worse D. wrong
32. A. pity B. pride C. surprise D. love
33. A. medicine B. method C. treatment D. effect
34. A. clever B. blind C. cheerful D. deaf
35. A. laugh B. believe C. judge D. regard
36. A. truth B. wonder C. mystery D. background
37. A man sat on the lawn，a hard cardboard（硬纸板） lying before him，his dog sitting beside him.On the cardboard it wrote， "I'm in trouble，feeling very hungry and begging for your help."
I reached into my wallet and took a note of 10 dollars.My 12-year-old son Nick immediately knew what I was going to do." Can I bring it to him，Mom？"
I agreed.From the rearview mirror my daughter Brandy and I watched Nick running quickly to the stranger and gave him the money with a shy smile.I saw the man was shocked to stand up，take the money and put it into his pocket. "I feel really great，Mom." my daughter said， " At least he can eat a warm dinner tonight." I felt satisfied and proud.
When returning to the car，Nick looked at me with his sad eyes. "Mummy，his dog looks so hot.The man is really good." I thought I had to do something else.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为120词左右：
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段开头已为你写好：
Paragraph 1
"Go back to tell him waiting there for a while until we come back in 15 minutes，" I told Nick.
______
Paragraph 2
On the surface it seems that we helped him，but in fact he gave me a gift I would never forget --it had an influence on my children deeply.
______
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】A、B、D、E、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文It helps to better understand the local lifestyle .（这有助于更好地了解当地的生活方式。）可知此处讲述了好处，所以A.It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability（它还有助于提高访问者的语言能力）符合语境，并且句式也一样，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文We went to London，a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.（我们去了伦敦，一个我多年前就想去的地方。）结合下文I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age.（我很幸运，我的寄宿家庭是一对白人夫妇，他们有一个和我年龄相仿的女儿。）可知此处讲述了去了伦敦之后的事情，所以B.After we got to London，we went to stay with different families（到了伦敦后，我们去了不同的家庭）符合语境，故选B。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age.（我很幸运，我的寄宿家庭是一对白人夫妇，他们有一个和我年龄相仿的女儿。）可知可知此处讲述了寄宿家庭对待我的态度，所以D.They treated me as a daughter of their family（他们把我当作他们家的女儿）符合语境，故选D。
（4）段落主题题。根据本段内容After breakfast，a local teacher would come to take us in his car.Then we would have classes or go on a sight—seeing trip to different places of interest like Big Ben.London Bridge，and Beckingham Palace.We would go back to our own homes after the activities.（早餐后，当地的一位老师会开车来接我们。然后我们会上课或去游览不同的景点，比如大本钟。伦敦桥和贝金汉宫。活动结束后，我们会回到自己的家。）可知此处讲述了各种各样的活动，所以 E.The holiday was filled with activities every day（假期里每天都有各种活动）符合语境，故选E。
（5）联系下文题。根据下文Three weeks later，we had to leave "home" for Hong Kong.（三个星期后，我们不得不离开"家"去香港。）可知此处描述了时间的问题，所以C.But time really flew fast（但是时间过得真快）符合语境，故选C。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了留学时选择寄宿家庭的好处。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
6~8.【答案】B、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句Life is like the four seasons.Now I am very old，but when I was young，it was the spring of my life.（人生就像四季。现在我很老了，但当我年轻的时候，那是我生命的春天。）和第二段的前五句 In my twenties，I had a good job.I was strong and happy.Then I married and had a child.In those days，I didn't have much time to think.Every day I was busy and worked very hard.（二十多岁的时候，我有一份好工作。我既坚强又快乐。然后我结婚了，有了一个孩子。在那些日子里，我没有太多的时间去思考。我每天都很忙，工作很努力。）可知，作者在他一生中的春天很忙碌。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段后三句Winter has come.I am older and weaker.I know I do not have many days left，but I will enjoy them to the end.（冬天来了。我越来越老，越来越弱。我知道我所剩的日子不多了，但我会享受到最后。）可知，作者现在老了，但是他仍然享受生活。故选B。
（3）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段前两句Life is like the four seasons.Now I am very old，but when I was young，it was the spring of my life.（人生就像四季。现在我很老了，但当我年轻的时候，那是我生命的春天。）可知，文章在介绍作者的人生四季。结合选项A.Four Seasons四季；B.My Life我的生活；C.Four Seasons in a Year一年四季；D.Four Seasons in My Life人生四季。分析可知，D项能准确概括文章的大意。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己一生的经历来告诉人们人生就像一年四季。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
9~11.【答案】D、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三、四句The other day I wrote an e-mail to another classmate，Beth，in which I said some things about Rena that perhaps weren't very nice.Unluckily，when Beth was writing back to me，she accidentally（意外地） forwarded（转递） the message to Rena!Now Rena is really angry with me and won't talk to me，and Beth is unhappy as well.（前几天，我给另一位同学贝丝写了一封电子邮件，在邮件中我说了一些关于雷娜的事情，可能不是很好。不幸的是，当贝丝给我回信时，她不小心把消息转发给了瑞娜!现在瑞娜很生我的气，不和我说话，贝丝也不高兴。）和倒数第二句I feel bad，because I would never have said those things to Rena's face，but how do I get her to forgive me？（我感觉很糟糕，因为我绝对不会当着瑞娜的面说那些话，但我怎么才能让她原谅我呢？我该怎么办？）可知，Joe使Rena不高兴而且他也感到很难过。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一封的邮件的开头Dear Aunt Aggie（亲爱的Aggie阿姨）和第一句I'm having a problem with my classmate，Rena，at school.（我和我的同学Rena在学校有点矛盾。）以及最后三句的She's said sorry to me a hundred times already，but the harm is done.I feel bad，because I would never have said those things to Rena's face，but how do I get her to forgive me？What should I do？（她已经向我道歉一百次了，但伤害已经造成了。我感觉很糟糕，因为我绝对不会当着瑞娜的面说那些话，但我怎么才能让她原谅我呢？我该怎么办？）和末尾Joe可知，当Rena的感情受到伤害后，他给Aggie阿姨发电子邮件寻求帮助。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二封邮件第三句First of all，you should say sorry right away to Rena．（首先，你应该马上向Rena道歉。）和第六句Perhaps you can send her some flowers.（也许你可以送她一些花。）可知，Aggie建议Joe向Rena道歉并送她一些花。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。Joe在电子邮件里说了Rena的坏话，Beth错误地转发给了Rena，因此产生了矛盾。本文讲述Joe给Aggie阿姨写信说明情况，以及Aggie在回信中给Joe提出了建议。
做阅读时首先要通读全文，理解文章大意，然后带着问题到原文中找信息句，仔细研究问题和跟问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】A、B、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句After leaving his office at the center of city，a young man bought a new car and drove it from the city to his home.（离开市中心的办公室后，一个年轻人买了一辆新车，从城里开车回家。）可知，这位年轻人想开他的新车回家。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句He jumped out of car and caught a boy who still had a shoe in his hand.（他跳下车，抓住了一个手里还拿着一只鞋的男孩。）可知，一个小男孩向车上扔了一只鞋。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 "Who are you？Why do you do that？" the angry man shouted at the boy.（"你是谁？你为什么这么做？"愤怒的男子冲着男孩喊道。）及第四段 "I'm sorry...But I don't know what else to do.My sister has been hurt.I cry for help but nobody stops" the boy says.（男孩说："很抱歉……但我不知道该怎么办。我妹妹受伤了。我呼救，但没有人停下来。"）可知，小男孩之所以扔鞋是因为他需要帮助。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。这篇短文主要讲述了一个小男孩向一位年轻人的新车扔鞋，年轻人在得知事情真相后并没有因为被冒犯而愤怒，反而帮助了那个小男孩的故事。结合倒数第二段最后一句"Thank you.You're so kind and helpful."says the little boy．（小男孩说："谢谢你。你真是善良又乐于助人。"）可知，从这篇文章中我们学到，我们应该友善、乐于助人。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一个小男孩向一位年轻人的新车扔鞋，年轻人在得知事情真相后并没有因为被冒犯而愤怒，反而帮助了那个小男孩的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】B、C、B、C、A
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Different gestures mean different things in different countries.（不同的手势在不同的国家意味着不同的事情。）并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同的手势在不同的国家意味着不同的事情，并以大拇指朝上为例进行了解释。故文章主要讲的是全世界的手势。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段中的In Thailand，for example，if you want someone to come towards you，you hold out a hand，palm downwards，and move all the fingers backwards and forwards.（例如，在泰国，如果你想让某人向你走来，你伸出一只手，掌心向下，然后前后移动所有的手指。）可知，在泰国，如果你想在泰国有人来找你，你要伸出手，掌心向下，并移动你的手指。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段中的Most Westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a hand with the thumb sticking up in the air.（大多数西方人有时会伸出一只手，拇指朝上，以此来表示他们喜欢某样东西。）可知，当西方人竖起大拇指时，他们表示喜欢某物。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中的When a gladiator was given the "thumbs up"，the emperor allowed him to live.（当一个角斗士被"竖起大拇指"时，皇帝允许他活着。）可知"竖起大拇指"的手势意味着皇帝希望角斗士活着。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段中的When they did not show their thumbs at all，they probably meant that he should be allowed to live.（当他们根本不竖起大拇指时，他们的意思可能是应该让他活着。）可知，如果观众希望角斗士活着，他们会隐藏他们的拇指。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同的手势在不同的国家意味着不同的事情，并以大拇指朝上为例进行了解释。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
21.【答案】【小题1】missing
【小题2】worried
【小题3】up
【小题4】Witnesses
【小题5】walking
【小题6】heard
【小题7】a
【小题8】by
【小题9】who
【小题10】policemen
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：美国警方加强了对上周五晚失踪的贾斯汀•福斯特的搜索。此处用形容词作went的表语，表示"失踪的"，故填missing。
（2）考查形容词。句意：当贾斯汀没有来吃午饭时，他的母亲很担心，并告诉丈夫报警。此处用形容词作became的表语，修饰主语his mother，表示"担心的"，故填worried。
（3）考查固定搭配。句意：当贾斯汀没有来吃午饭时，他的母亲很担心，并告诉丈夫报警。show up表示"出现"符合句意，故填up。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：目击者还说，他们看到贾斯汀朝他的家走去。结合句意和they可知，此处用名词的复数形式，且首字母大写，故填Witnesses。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：目击者还说，他们看到贾斯汀朝他的家走去。see sb doing表示"看到某人正在做某事"符合句意，故用现在分词作宾补，故填walking。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：贾斯汀的妹妹凯利听到他放上了他最喜欢的CD，她还看到一艘大飞船在外面飞行。结合句意和saw可知，句子用一般过去时，故填heard。
（7）考查冠词。句意：整个研究就像一场可怕的梦一样令人恐惧。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，terrible为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（8）考查介词。句意：但警方否认贾斯汀被外星人带走的说法。by表示"被……"符合句意，故填by。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：负责此案的警探萨姆•彼得森（Sam Peterson）表示，警方正在调查其他可能性，在找到令人信服的证据之前，他们不会放弃。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Detective Sam Peterson，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：负责此案的警探萨姆•彼得森（Sam Peterson）表示，警方正在调查其他可能性，在找到令人信服的证据之前，他们不会放弃。结合句意和were可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故填policemen。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了美国警方对上周五晚失踪的贾斯汀•福斯特的搜索。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
22~36.【答案】C、D、A、D、A、C、A、B、B、A、A、C、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.happy快乐的；C.tired疲倦的；D.disappointed失望的。一位20多岁的年轻女子坐在火车上，坐在她母亲旁边。她们看起来都很累，但很兴奋。故选C。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.classroom's教室的；B.house's房子的；C.home's家庭的；D.train's火车的。这位年轻女子正静静地从火车窗口向外张望。根据上文A young woman in her 20s was sitting on the train可知是"火车的窗口"。故选D。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.loud大声的；B.low低的；C.gentle温柔的；D.beautiful漂亮的。她的声音太大了，火车上的每个人都听到了。根据下文that everyone on the train heard it可知是声音很大。故选A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.face脸；B.voice声音；C.words单词；D.behavior行为。但坐在附近的一对年轻夫妇同情地看着这位年轻女子的幼稚行为。根据下文They thought， " Poor young woman.There must be something wrong with her （5）."可知是他们认为女孩的行为幼稚。故选D。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.mind头脑；B.eyes眼睛；C.hand手；D.ears耳朵。他们想："可怜的年轻女人。她的脑子一定有问题。"故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.said说；B.added添加；C.shouted大声喊叫；D.whispered低语。过了一会儿，年轻的女人又喊道："妈妈，看！云彩正跟着我们跑呢！"根据上文Suddenly，she shouted可知是"喊叫"。故选C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.hear听到；B.listen听；C.sound听起来；D.feel感觉。听到这位年轻女子的话，她似乎很高兴。listen要搭配介词to才能接宾语。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.love爱；B.help帮助；C.stop停止；D.think思考。最后，夫妻俩忍不住问了老妇人。can't help doing sth：情不自禁的做某事。故选B。
（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.when当……时候；B.why为什么；C.how如何；D.where哪里。"如果我们冒犯了你，很抱歉。但是你为什么不带你的女儿去看一个好医生呢？"根据下文 "I did.And we are just coming from the hospital."可知是问"为什么"。故选B。
（10）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.bigger更大的；C.worse更糟的；D.wrong错误的。那你应该去一个更好的。根据下文Because it seems that your daughter's situation hasn't improved可知是"更好的"。故选A。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.pity怜悯；B.pride骄傲；C.surprise惊讶，惊喜；D.love爱。他们同情这位老妇人。根据上文But a young couple sitting nearby looked at the young woman's childish （4）with pity.可知是"同情"。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.medicine医学；B.method方法；C.treatment治疗，处理；D.effect影响。"不，事实上我对治疗很满意，"母亲说。故选C。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.clever聪明的；B.blind盲的；C.cheerful令人愉快的；D.deaf耳聋的。"我女儿一出生就失明了。今天，她第一次看到这个世界。"根据下文she is seeing the world for the first time.可知是"失明的"。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.laugh笑；B.believe相信；C.judge判断；D.regard看待，认为。在你真正了解他人之前，不要评判他人。故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.truth真相；B.wonder奇迹；C.mystery神秘；D.background背景。真相可能会让你大吃一惊。故选A。
本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一名刚恢复视力的年轻女孩在火车上遭受别人误解的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
37.【答案】Paragraph 1
"Go back to tell him waiting there for a while until we come back in 15 minutes，" I told Nick．He jumped of the car and ran to tell the stranger．Then，we drove to the nearest store and carefully choose gifts． "The things cannot be too heavy， "I explained to the kids，"they must be the ones that he can carry．【高分句型一】"We finally bought something，a bag of dog food and two bottles of water（one was for the dog and the other for the man） as well as some fast food for the man．（作者和孩子去商店给这个人和狗买了一些食物和水）
Paragraph 2
On the surface it seems that we helped him，but in fact he gave me a gift I would never forget-it had influenced on my children deeply．In the following years，my children had all grown up and become useful people to the society．At a charity speech，my son Nick told his story to the audience．He concluded in the end， "It influenced me so greatly that it made me know that regardless of a person's appearance，their mind should get good will，compassion and acceptance．It was the stranger who opened my mind．"【高分句型二】（作者觉得是这个陌生人帮助了他，并对Nick有很大影响）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的孩子帮助流浪汉的故事。
高分句型一： "The things cannot be too heavy， "I explained to the kids，"they must be the ones that he can carry．
译文："这些东西不能太重，"我对孩子们解释说，"他们一定是他能扛的。
分析：that引导定语从句修饰the ones。
高分句型二：It was the stranger who opened my mind．
译文：是那个陌生人打开了我的心扉。
分析：这句话使用强调句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市湘阴二中高一（上）期末英语试卷
Home stay is a form of study—abroad program.It allows the visitors to stay with a local family.It helps to better understand the local lifestyle . (1) .If you wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience，you should join this kind of holiday.I am sure you won't be disappointed"，said a teacher during a school meeting last term.
After this meeting，I always thought about this kind of holiday.At last，I had such a chance to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates last month.We went to London，a place where I had wanted to go since years ago. (2) .I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. (3) .They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from then on.
(4) .After breakfast，a local teacher would come to take us in his car.Then we would have classes or go on a sight—seeing trip to different places of interest like Big Ben.London Bridge，and Beckingham Palace.We would go back to our own homes after the activities.
The holiday was a valuable experience for me.I enjoyed every minute of it. (5) .Three weeks later，we had to leave "home" for Hong Kong.
A.It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability.
B.After we got to London，we went to stay with different families.
C.But time really flew fast
D.They treated me as a daughter of their family
E.The holiday was filled with activities every day
F.It took me 8 hours to fly to London
G.The teacher was very strict with me
1. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
2. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
3. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
4. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
5. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
B
Life is like the four seasons.Now I am very old，but when I was young，it was the spring of my life.I was born，I played a lot，and then I started school.I learned many new things.Like a flower，I grew bigger every day.There were happy days and sorrowful days：some days the sun shone，and some days it didn't.
In my twenties，I had a good job.I was strong and happy.Then I married and had a child.In those days，I didn't have much time to think.Every day I was busy and worked very hard.And so，I started to get some white hairs.The summer of my life passed quickly.
Then the days got shorter.Leaves fell from the trees.My child was a university student，and then an engineer（工程师）.My home was much quieter.I started walking more slowly.One day I stopped working.I had more time.I understood this was my autumn，a beautiful time when the trees change color and give us delicious fruits.
But the days kept getting shorter and colder.Winter has come.I am older and weaker.I know I do not have many days left，but I will enjoy them to the end.
6. The writer was very busy in the ______ of his life.
A. winter B. spring C. autumn D. summer
7. Which of the followings is true？ ______
A. The writer was an engineer.
B. The writer now is old，but he still enjoys his life.
C. The writer had a garden with flowers.
D. The writer was always happy as a child.
8. What's the best title of this passage？ ______
A. Four Seasons B. My Life
C. Four Seasons in a Year D. Four Seasons in My Life
C
Dear Aunt Aggie，
I'm having a problem with my classmate，Rena，at school.The other day I wrote an e-mail to another classmate，Beth，in which I said some things about Rena that perhaps weren't very nice.Unluckily，when Beth was writing back to me，she accidentally（意外地） forwarded（转递） the message to Rena!Now Rena is really angry with me and won't talk to me，and Beth is unhappy as well.She's said sorry to me a hundred times already，but the harm is done.I feel bad，because I would never have said those things to Rena's face，but how do I get her to forgive me？What should I do？
Joe
Dear Joe，
This problem is more common than you might think!E-mail is very useful，but also very dangerous，as you don't know where your message might end up!First of all，you should say sorry right away to Rena.Explain that it was a mistake，and that you didn't mean to hurt her feelings.It may take time to get on well with her.Perhaps you can send her some flowers.But just remember that old saying： "If you don't have anything nice to say，don't say anything at all." And good luck!
Aggie
9. What is Joe's problem in the first e-mail？ ______
A. Rena sent Beth an e-mail and made her unhappy.
B. Joe received a wrong e-mail from Rena and became angry.
C. Beth is unhappy because Joe sent her an angry e-mail.
D. Joe made Rena unhappy and he felt very sad.
10. After Rena's feelings got hurt，what did Joe do？ ______
A. He e-mailed Aunt Aggie for help.
B. He e-mailed her and said sorry.
C. He asked Beth what he should do.
D. He said sorry to Rena face to face.
11. What advice did Aggie give Joe？ ______
A. Joe，Beth and Rena should have a talk together.
B. Joe should say sorry to Rena and send her some flowers.
C. Joe should wait for some time before saying sorry to Rena.
D. Joe should ask Beth to explain that to Rena.
D
Now throwing shoes at somebody is a favorite game on the Internet.Sometimes you should throw your shoes!Here's an example.
After leaving his office at the center of city，a young man bought a new car and drove it from the city to his home.He was very happy and the car ran very fast.Suddenly，a shoe hit the car in the door.The man got very angry.He jumped out of car and caught a boy who still had a shoe in his hand.
"Who are you？Why do you do that？" the angry man shouted at the boy.
"I'm sorry...But I don't know what else to do.My sister has been hurt.I cry for help but nobody stops" the boy says.
The man looked around and saw a girl by the road.Her leg was bleeding（流血）.
"She is my sister.She wants to cross the road but falls out of her wheelchair.She is too heavy for me.I can't get her back into the wheelchair." The man was moved.He helped the bleeding girl back into her wheelchair. "Thank you.You're so kind and helpful."，" says the little boy.
Life speaks to our hearts.Sometimes we don't have time to listen and he will throw a shoe at us.
12. Where did the young man want to go in his new car ？ ______
A. To his home B. To the center of city
C. To his office D. To the supermarket
13. Who threw a shoe at the car？ ______
A. A bleeding girl. B. A small boy.
C. A young man. D. Somebody in the game.
14. Why did the boy throw the shoe？ ______
A. Because he wanted to help the young man.
B. Because he needed help.
C. Because he was hurt.
D. Because the car ran very fast.
15. What do you learn from the article？ ______
A. We should drive slowly.
B. We shouldn't get angry when someone throws shoes at our cars.
C. We shouldn't play computer games.
D. We should be kind and helpful.
E
Different gestures mean different things in different countries.Sometimes a gesture that is polite in one country is not polite in another and should not be used.The different meanings of gestures can also cause problems in understanding what another person wants or is trying to say.In Thailand，for example，if you want someone to come towards you，you hold out a hand，palm downwards，and move all the fingers backwards and forwards.In most Western countries，however，you show another person that you want him or her to come towards you by holding out a hand，palm upwards，and moving the first finger only backwards and forwards.
A gesture that many people do not understand uses the thumb.Most Westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a hand with the thumb sticking up in the air.This is called giving someone or something the "thumbs up".However，only one thumb is used，so it should really be "thumb up".
The usual explanation of this gesture is not really correct.It states that Roman times when people at a circus were pleased with the way a gladiator（角斗士） had fought，they showed the emperor that they were pleased by giving the "thumbs up" signal.When they were not pleased they gave the "thumbs down" gesture.When a gladiator was given the "thumbs up"，the emperor allowed him to live.When a gladiator was given the thumbs down"，the emperor ordered him to be killed.
This explanation is not correct.The error is caused by a wrong translation from the Latin words police verso.This means turned thumb" It does not say which way the thumb is turned—up or down.People thought that up meant "life" and down meant "death".In fact，the gesture used by spectators（观众） to save a gladiator's life was called the "compressed thumb".In this gesture the spectator actually hid their thumbs in their hands so that there would be no mistake which way they were pointing.When the spectators pointed their thumbs towards the gladiator，they probably meant the gladiator should be killed.When they did not show their thumbs at all，they probably meant that he should be allowed to live.
16. The story is mainly about ______ .
A. the "thumbs up" gesture B. gestures around the world
C. gladiators in Ancient Rome D. circuses now and then
17. If you want someone to come to you in Thailand，you ______ .
A. use the "thumbs down" gesture
B. point your thumb at them
C. hold out your hand，palm down and move your fingers
D. hold out your hand，palm up and move your first finger toward you.
18. When the Westerners stick up their thumb，they ______ .
A. agree to let someone die B. like something
C. want someone to die D. want to go to a circus.
19. Most people think the "thumbs up" gesture meant ______ .
A. the Romans were not pleased
B. the circus could continue
C. the emperor wanted the gladiator to live
D. spectators wanted the gladiator to live
20. If the spectators wanted the gladiator to live，they ______
A. hid their thumbs B. stuck their thumbs up
C. used the police verso D. pointed their thumbs at him
21. American police have stepped up their search for Justin Foster，who went (1) （miss） last Friday night.His mother became (2) （ worry） and told her husband to call the police when Justin did not show (3) for lunch.
That evening，Justin returned home after the game. (4) （ witness） also said that they saw Justin (5) （ walk） towards his home.Justin's sister，Kelly (6) （hear） him put on his favourite CD and she also saw a large spaceship flying outside.
Mavis Wood said that she was once taken away by aliens so that they could do research on her.The whole research was frightening just like (7) terrible dream.
Police found that Justin did in fact return home.But police have dismissed the idea that Justin was taken away (8) aliens.Detective Sam Peterson， (9) took charge of the case said that the (10) （ policeman） were looking into other possibilities and they would not give up until they found convincing evidence.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
A young woman in her 20s was sitting on the train，next to her mother.They both looked(22)but excited.
The young woman was looking out from the (23)window quietly.Suddenly，she shouted， "Mom，look!The trees are behind us!" Her voice was so (24) that everyone on the train heard it.
Mom smiled .But a young couple sitting nearby looked at the young woman's childish (25)with pity.They thought， " Poor young woman.There must be something wrong with her (26)."
A little while later，the young woman (27)again， "Mom，look!The clouds are running with us!" Mom smiled again.And she seemed very happy to (28) the young woman's words.
Finally，the couple couldn't(29)asking the old woman， "Sorry if we offend （冒犯）you.But(30)don't you take your daughter to a good doctor？"
The old woman smiled and said， "I did.And we are just coming from the hospital."
"Then you should go to a (31)one.Because it seems that your daughter's situation hasn't improved，" said the couple.They felt (32)for the old woman.
"No，in fact I'm very happy with the (33)， " said the mother. "My daughter was (34)from birth.Today，she is seeing the world for the first time."
Every single person has a story.Don't (35)people before you truly know them.The (36) might surprise you.
22. A. annoyed B. happy C. tired D. disappointed
23. A. classroom's B. house's C. home's D. train's
24. A. loud B. low C. gentle D. beautiful
25. A. face B. voice C. words D. behavior
26. A. mind B. eyes C. hand D. ears
27. A. said B. added C. shouted D. whispered
28. A. hear B. listen C. sound D. feel
29. A. love B. help C. stop D. think
30. A. when B. why C. how D. where
31. A. better B. bigger C. worse D. wrong
32. A. pity B. pride C. surprise D. love
33. A. medicine B. method C. treatment D. effect
34. A. clever B. blind C. cheerful D. deaf
35. A. laugh B. believe C. judge D. regard
36. A. truth B. wonder C. mystery D. background
37. A man sat on the lawn，a hard cardboard（硬纸板） lying before him，his dog sitting beside him.On the cardboard it wrote， "I'm in trouble，feeling very hungry and begging for your help."
I reached into my wallet and took a note of 10 dollars.My 12-year-old son Nick immediately knew what I was going to do." Can I bring it to him，Mom？"
I agreed.From the rearview mirror my daughter Brandy and I watched Nick running quickly to the stranger and gave him the money with a shy smile.I saw the man was shocked to stand up，take the money and put it into his pocket. "I feel really great，Mom." my daughter said， " At least he can eat a warm dinner tonight." I felt satisfied and proud.
When returning to the car，Nick looked at me with his sad eyes. "Mummy，his dog looks so hot.The man is really good." I thought I had to do something else.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为120词左右：
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段开头已为你写好：
Paragraph 1
"Go back to tell him waiting there for a while until we come back in 15 minutes，" I told Nick.
______
Paragraph 2
On the surface it seems that we helped him，but in fact he gave me a gift I would never forget --it had an influence on my children deeply.
______
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】A、B、D、E、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文It helps to better understand the local lifestyle .（这有助于更好地了解当地的生活方式。）可知此处讲述了好处，所以A.It also helps to improve the visitor's language ability（它还有助于提高访问者的语言能力）符合语境，并且句式也一样，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文We went to London，a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.（我们去了伦敦，一个我多年前就想去的地方。）结合下文I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age.（我很幸运，我的寄宿家庭是一对白人夫妇，他们有一个和我年龄相仿的女儿。）可知此处讲述了去了伦敦之后的事情，所以B.After we got to London，we went to stay with different families（到了伦敦后，我们去了不同的家庭）符合语境，故选B。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文I was lucky that my host family （寄宿家庭）was a white couple who had a daughter about my age.（我很幸运，我的寄宿家庭是一对白人夫妇，他们有一个和我年龄相仿的女儿。）可知可知此处讲述了寄宿家庭对待我的态度，所以D.They treated me as a daughter of their family（他们把我当作他们家的女儿）符合语境，故选D。
（4）段落主题题。根据本段内容After breakfast，a local teacher would come to take us in his car.Then we would have classes or go on a sight—seeing trip to different places of interest like Big Ben.London Bridge，and Beckingham Palace.We would go back to our own homes after the activities.（早餐后，当地的一位老师会开车来接我们。然后我们会上课或去游览不同的景点，比如大本钟。伦敦桥和贝金汉宫。活动结束后，我们会回到自己的家。）可知此处讲述了各种各样的活动，所以 E.The holiday was filled with activities every day（假期里每天都有各种活动）符合语境，故选E。
（5）联系下文题。根据下文Three weeks later，we had to leave "home" for Hong Kong.（三个星期后，我们不得不离开"家"去香港。）可知此处描述了时间的问题，所以C.But time really flew fast（但是时间过得真快）符合语境，故选C。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了留学时选择寄宿家庭的好处。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
6~8.【答案】B、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句Life is like the four seasons.Now I am very old，but when I was young，it was the spring of my life.（人生就像四季。现在我很老了，但当我年轻的时候，那是我生命的春天。）和第二段的前五句 In my twenties，I had a good job.I was strong and happy.Then I married and had a child.In those days，I didn't have much time to think.Every day I was busy and worked very hard.（二十多岁的时候，我有一份好工作。我既坚强又快乐。然后我结婚了，有了一个孩子。在那些日子里，我没有太多的时间去思考。我每天都很忙，工作很努力。）可知，作者在他一生中的春天很忙碌。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段后三句Winter has come.I am older and weaker.I know I do not have many days left，but I will enjoy them to the end.（冬天来了。我越来越老，越来越弱。我知道我所剩的日子不多了，但我会享受到最后。）可知，作者现在老了，但是他仍然享受生活。故选B。
（3）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段前两句Life is like the four seasons.Now I am very old，but when I was young，it was the spring of my life.（人生就像四季。现在我很老了，但当我年轻的时候，那是我生命的春天。）可知，文章在介绍作者的人生四季。结合选项A.Four Seasons四季；B.My Life我的生活；C.Four Seasons in a Year一年四季；D.Four Seasons in My Life人生四季。分析可知，D项能准确概括文章的大意。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己一生的经历来告诉人们人生就像一年四季。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
9~11.【答案】D、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三、四句The other day I wrote an e-mail to another classmate，Beth，in which I said some things about Rena that perhaps weren't very nice.Unluckily，when Beth was writing back to me，she accidentally（意外地） forwarded（转递） the message to Rena!Now Rena is really angry with me and won't talk to me，and Beth is unhappy as well.（前几天，我给另一位同学贝丝写了一封电子邮件，在邮件中我说了一些关于雷娜的事情，可能不是很好。不幸的是，当贝丝给我回信时，她不小心把消息转发给了瑞娜!现在瑞娜很生我的气，不和我说话，贝丝也不高兴。）和倒数第二句I feel bad，because I would never have said those things to Rena's face，but how do I get her to forgive me？（我感觉很糟糕，因为我绝对不会当着瑞娜的面说那些话，但我怎么才能让她原谅我呢？我该怎么办？）可知，Joe使Rena不高兴而且他也感到很难过。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一封的邮件的开头Dear Aunt Aggie（亲爱的Aggie阿姨）和第一句I'm having a problem with my classmate，Rena，at school.（我和我的同学Rena在学校有点矛盾。）以及最后三句的She's said sorry to me a hundred times already，but the harm is done.I feel bad，because I would never have said those things to Rena's face，but how do I get her to forgive me？What should I do？（她已经向我道歉一百次了，但伤害已经造成了。我感觉很糟糕，因为我绝对不会当着瑞娜的面说那些话，但我怎么才能让她原谅我呢？我该怎么办？）和末尾Joe可知，当Rena的感情受到伤害后，他给Aggie阿姨发电子邮件寻求帮助。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二封邮件第三句First of all，you should say sorry right away to Rena．（首先，你应该马上向Rena道歉。）和第六句Perhaps you can send her some flowers.（也许你可以送她一些花。）可知，Aggie建议Joe向Rena道歉并送她一些花。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文。Joe在电子邮件里说了Rena的坏话，Beth错误地转发给了Rena，因此产生了矛盾。本文讲述Joe给Aggie阿姨写信说明情况，以及Aggie在回信中给Joe提出了建议。
做阅读时首先要通读全文，理解文章大意，然后带着问题到原文中找信息句，仔细研究问题和跟问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】A、B、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句After leaving his office at the center of city，a young man bought a new car and drove it from the city to his home.（离开市中心的办公室后，一个年轻人买了一辆新车，从城里开车回家。）可知，这位年轻人想开他的新车回家。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句He jumped out of car and caught a boy who still had a shoe in his hand.（他跳下车，抓住了一个手里还拿着一只鞋的男孩。）可知，一个小男孩向车上扔了一只鞋。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 "Who are you？Why do you do that？" the angry man shouted at the boy.（"你是谁？你为什么这么做？"愤怒的男子冲着男孩喊道。）及第四段 "I'm sorry...But I don't know what else to do.My sister has been hurt.I cry for help but nobody stops" the boy says.（男孩说："很抱歉……但我不知道该怎么办。我妹妹受伤了。我呼救，但没有人停下来。"）可知，小男孩之所以扔鞋是因为他需要帮助。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。这篇短文主要讲述了一个小男孩向一位年轻人的新车扔鞋，年轻人在得知事情真相后并没有因为被冒犯而愤怒，反而帮助了那个小男孩的故事。结合倒数第二段最后一句"Thank you.You're so kind and helpful."says the little boy．（小男孩说："谢谢你。你真是善良又乐于助人。"）可知，从这篇文章中我们学到，我们应该友善、乐于助人。故选D。
这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一个小男孩向一位年轻人的新车扔鞋，年轻人在得知事情真相后并没有因为被冒犯而愤怒，反而帮助了那个小男孩的故事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】B、C、B、C、A
【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Different gestures mean different things in different countries.（不同的手势在不同的国家意味着不同的事情。）并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同的手势在不同的国家意味着不同的事情，并以大拇指朝上为例进行了解释。故文章主要讲的是全世界的手势。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段中的In Thailand，for example，if you want someone to come towards you，you hold out a hand，palm downwards，and move all the fingers backwards and forwards.（例如，在泰国，如果你想让某人向你走来，你伸出一只手，掌心向下，然后前后移动所有的手指。）可知，在泰国，如果你想在泰国有人来找你，你要伸出手，掌心向下，并移动你的手指。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段中的Most Westerners will sometimes show that they like something by holding out a hand with the thumb sticking up in the air.（大多数西方人有时会伸出一只手，拇指朝上，以此来表示他们喜欢某样东西。）可知，当西方人竖起大拇指时，他们表示喜欢某物。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中的When a gladiator was given the "thumbs up"，the emperor allowed him to live.（当一个角斗士被"竖起大拇指"时，皇帝允许他活着。）可知"竖起大拇指"的手势意味着皇帝希望角斗士活着。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段中的When they did not show their thumbs at all，they probably meant that he should be allowed to live.（当他们根本不竖起大拇指时，他们的意思可能是应该让他活着。）可知，如果观众希望角斗士活着，他们会隐藏他们的拇指。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同的手势在不同的国家意味着不同的事情，并以大拇指朝上为例进行了解释。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
21.【答案】【小题1】missing
【小题2】worried
【小题3】up
【小题4】Witnesses
【小题5】walking
【小题6】heard
【小题7】a
【小题8】by
【小题9】who
【小题10】policemen
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：美国警方加强了对上周五晚失踪的贾斯汀•福斯特的搜索。此处用形容词作went的表语，表示"失踪的"，故填missing。
（2）考查形容词。句意：当贾斯汀没有来吃午饭时，他的母亲很担心，并告诉丈夫报警。此处用形容词作became的表语，修饰主语his mother，表示"担心的"，故填worried。
（3）考查固定搭配。句意：当贾斯汀没有来吃午饭时，他的母亲很担心，并告诉丈夫报警。show up表示"出现"符合句意，故填up。
（4）考查可数名词的复数。句意：目击者还说，他们看到贾斯汀朝他的家走去。结合句意和they可知，此处用名词的复数形式，且首字母大写，故填Witnesses。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：目击者还说，他们看到贾斯汀朝他的家走去。see sb doing表示"看到某人正在做某事"符合句意，故用现在分词作宾补，故填walking。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：贾斯汀的妹妹凯利听到他放上了他最喜欢的CD，她还看到一艘大飞船在外面飞行。结合句意和saw可知，句子用一般过去时，故填heard。
（7）考查冠词。句意：整个研究就像一场可怕的梦一样令人恐惧。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，terrible为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（8）考查介词。句意：但警方否认贾斯汀被外星人带走的说法。by表示"被……"符合句意，故填by。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：负责此案的警探萨姆•彼得森（Sam Peterson）表示，警方正在调查其他可能性，在找到令人信服的证据之前，他们不会放弃。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Detective Sam Peterson，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：负责此案的警探萨姆•彼得森（Sam Peterson）表示，警方正在调查其他可能性，在找到令人信服的证据之前，他们不会放弃。结合句意和were可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故填policemen。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了美国警方对上周五晚失踪的贾斯汀•福斯特的搜索。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
22~36.【答案】C、D、A、D、A、C、A、B、B、A、A、C、B、C、A
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.happy快乐的；C.tired疲倦的；D.disappointed失望的。一位20多岁的年轻女子坐在火车上，坐在她母亲旁边。她们看起来都很累，但很兴奋。故选C。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.classroom's教室的；B.house's房子的；C.home's家庭的；D.train's火车的。这位年轻女子正静静地从火车窗口向外张望。根据上文A young woman in her 20s was sitting on the train可知是"火车的窗口"。故选D。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.loud大声的；B.low低的；C.gentle温柔的；D.beautiful漂亮的。她的声音太大了，火车上的每个人都听到了。根据下文that everyone on the train heard it可知是声音很大。故选A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.face脸；B.voice声音；C.words单词；D.behavior行为。但坐在附近的一对年轻夫妇同情地看着这位年轻女子的幼稚行为。根据下文They thought， " Poor young woman.There must be something wrong with her （5）."可知是他们认为女孩的行为幼稚。故选D。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.mind头脑；B.eyes眼睛；C.hand手；D.ears耳朵。他们想："可怜的年轻女人。她的脑子一定有问题。"故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.said说；B.added添加；C.shouted大声喊叫；D.whispered低语。过了一会儿，年轻的女人又喊道："妈妈，看！云彩正跟着我们跑呢！"根据上文Suddenly，she shouted可知是"喊叫"。故选C。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.hear听到；B.listen听；C.sound听起来；D.feel感觉。听到这位年轻女子的话，她似乎很高兴。listen要搭配介词to才能接宾语。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.love爱；B.help帮助；C.stop停止；D.think思考。最后，夫妻俩忍不住问了老妇人。can't help doing sth：情不自禁的做某事。故选B。
（9）考查连词及语境理解。A.when当……时候；B.why为什么；C.how如何；D.where哪里。"如果我们冒犯了你，很抱歉。但是你为什么不带你的女儿去看一个好医生呢？"根据下文 "I did.And we are just coming from the hospital."可知是问"为什么"。故选B。
（10）考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.bigger更大的；C.worse更糟的；D.wrong错误的。那你应该去一个更好的。根据下文Because it seems that your daughter's situation hasn't improved可知是"更好的"。故选A。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.pity怜悯；B.pride骄傲；C.surprise惊讶，惊喜；D.love爱。他们同情这位老妇人。根据上文But a young couple sitting nearby looked at the young woman's childish （4）with pity.可知是"同情"。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.medicine医学；B.method方法；C.treatment治疗，处理；D.effect影响。"不，事实上我对治疗很满意，"母亲说。故选C。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.clever聪明的；B.blind盲的；C.cheerful令人愉快的；D.deaf耳聋的。"我女儿一出生就失明了。今天，她第一次看到这个世界。"根据下文she is seeing the world for the first time.可知是"失明的"。故选B。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.laugh笑；B.believe相信；C.judge判断；D.regard看待，认为。在你真正了解他人之前，不要评判他人。故选C。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.truth真相；B.wonder奇迹；C.mystery神秘；D.background背景。真相可能会让你大吃一惊。故选A。
本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一名刚恢复视力的年轻女孩在火车上遭受别人误解的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
37.【答案】Paragraph 1
"Go back to tell him waiting there for a while until we come back in 15 minutes，" I told Nick．He jumped of the car and ran to tell the stranger．Then，we drove to the nearest store and carefully choose gifts． "The things cannot be too heavy， "I explained to the kids，"they must be the ones that he can carry．【高分句型一】"We finally bought something，a bag of dog food and two bottles of water（one was for the dog and the other for the man） as well as some fast food for the man．（作者和孩子去商店给这个人和狗买了一些食物和水）
Paragraph 2
On the surface it seems that we helped him，but in fact he gave me a gift I would never forget-it had influenced on my children deeply．In the following years，my children had all grown up and become useful people to the society．At a charity speech，my son Nick told his story to the audience．He concluded in the end， "It influenced me so greatly that it made me know that regardless of a person's appearance，their mind should get good will，compassion and acceptance．It was the stranger who opened my mind．"【高分句型二】（作者觉得是这个陌生人帮助了他，并对Nick有很大影响）
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的孩子帮助流浪汉的故事。
高分句型一： "The things cannot be too heavy， "I explained to the kids，"they must be the ones that he can carry．
译文："这些东西不能太重，"我对孩子们解释说，"他们一定是他能扛的。
分析：that引导定语从句修饰the ones。
高分句型二：It was the stranger who opened my mind．
译文：是那个陌生人打开了我的心扉。
分析：这句话使用强调句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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