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2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区执信中学高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区执信中学高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共31页。
2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区执信中学高一（上）期末英语试卷
1. These wildflowers give a nice smell.（ ）
A. in B. up C. away D. off
2. It was not until we started our meeting Mr.White and made a speech.（ ）
A. that；turned up B. when；turned up
C. that；turned down D. when；turned down
3. The telecom industry in Australia is very small the rest of the world.（ ）
A. by comparison B. comparing to
C. in comparison with D. being compared
4. The amusement park，which adults and children alike， at present and will be open next year.（ ）
A. intends for；will be built B. is intended for；will be built
C. intends for；is being built D. is intended for；is being built
5. The number of people who cars in the past 20 years.（ ）
A. own；increased B. owns；have increased
C. own；has creased D. owns；has been increasing
6. if you could help me overcome the difficulty I have English.（ ）
A. I would be appreciated；to learn
B. I would appreciate it；to learn
C. I would be appreciated；learning
D. I would appreciate it；learning
7. There is an increased demand that more organic food to improve the quality of life.（ ）
A. produce B. be produced C. to produce D. being produced
8. The temple is one of the attractions that .（ ）
A. is worthy to be visited B. is worth to be visited
C. are worthy to be visited D. are worth to be visited
9. Only when the door of the house that he had left the key in the office.（ ）
A. did he arrive at；did he realize B. he arrived at；did he realize
C. did he arrive at；he realized D. he arrived at；he realized
10. Senior family members， especially parents， should create an atmosphere children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily.（ ）
A. that B. where C. what D. which
11. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.（ ）
A. that B. which C. where D. whose
12. William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ______ we can learn without repeating them.
A. from which B. in which C. with whom D. for whom
13. The result is not the same they had expected， was rather disappointing.（ ）
A. that；as B. as；that C. what；which D. as；which
14. ________is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.（ ）
A. As B. It C. Which D. What
15. It can be in the restaurant we had dinner last Sunday you left your wallet.（ ）
A. where；where B. that；that C. where；that D. that；where
P
We all know Albert Einstein was probably the most intelligent man that ever lived，and that his contributions to science were the greatest.But still，there are a few things you may not know about the great scientist.
Einstein Syndrome
Einstein was supposed to talk late -- he told his biographer （传记作者） he didn't start speaking until at least three years old.Stanford economist Dr.Thomas Sowell even invented the term "Einstein Syndrome" to describe extremely bright children whose speech is delayed.
A Simple Compass
When Albert Einstein was five years old and sick in bed，his father showed him a simple pocket compass.Einstein was attracted.What force made the little needle point in a single direction？This question stayed with Einstein for many years and has been considered as the beginning of his interest in science.
Einstein and the Violin
Einstein's mother，Pauline，was an excellent pianist and wanted her son to love music too.So she started him on violin lessons when he was six years old.Unfortunately，at first，Einstein hated playing the violin.He would much rather build houses of cards，which he was really good at.When Einstein was 13 years old，he suddenly changed his mind about the violin when he heard the music of Mozart.With a new passion for playing，Einstein continued to play the violin until the last few years of his life and Einstein would use the violin to relax when he became stuck in his thinking process.
The Refrigerator
Twenty-one years after writing his Special Theory of Relativity，Albert Einstein invented a refrigerator that operated on alcohol gas.The refrigerator was patented （获得专利） in 1926 but never went into production because new technology made it unnecessary.Einstein invented the refrigerator because he read about a family poisoned by a sulphur dioxide-emitting （排放二氧化硫的） refrigerator.
16. What is the term "Einstein Syndrome" in Paragraph 2 used to describe？ ______
A. Some people who change their mind about learning music.
B. Some children who can't speak until they are three years old.
C. Some smart children who begin to speak later than normal children.
D. Some people who are crazy about the pocket compass and its needle.
17. What did Einstein think of playing the violin before he was 13？ ______
A. Boring. B. Hateful. C. Frightening. D. Interesting.
18. Which of the following is TRUE about Einstein according to the passage？ ______
A. Einstein benefited a lot from playing the violin.
B. Einstein invented the refrigerator out of curiosity.
C. Einstein received a compass as a gift for his fifth birthday.
D. Einstein suffered from a special illness when he was a child.
Q
It's fall，and that means some trees are losing their leaves.Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring.But Bryant Liu，13，looked at his leaf-blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.
Right now，most people fuel their cars with gas made from fossil fuels （化石燃料）， which are not renewable.So scientists are making biofuels.For example，engineers can produce bioethanol -- a type of alcohol fuel -- from sugars in plants.Turning to dead leaves，however，presents a challenge for biofuel developers.Dead leaves have sugar，but they also have lots of lignin -- a tough substance （物质） that strengthens the walls of plant cells.To get to the sugars inside，scientists first have to break down the lignin with chemicals.
Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids （酸） or bases （碱）.The young researcher gathered up three garbage bags full of leaves from his yard.Then he went to his father's laboratory.He broke the dead leaves into pieces，and then carefully loaded equal numbers of them into test tubes.Afterwards，he added either an acid solution or a base solution at different concentrations to the test tubes. "That was really fun，" Bryant said. "It made me feel like a real scientist." Finally，the teen found that pretreating leaves with either an acid or base encouraged sugar to get out from his yard's leaves.However，he explained，the process was still too expensive.
Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step -- making bioethanol.If he could create a better method for producing biofuels，he explains，people would need fewer fossil fuels and have a renewable energy source for the future.And Bryant adds，if people use all those dead leaves for biofuels，he and other kids may have to do less cleaning each fall.
19. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Reflect on Bryant's experiences.
B. Use examples to support the topic.
C. Add some background information.
D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
20. What is the purpose of Bryant's experiment？ ______
A. To test the toughness of the lignin.
B. To find the differences between acids and bases.
C. To identify the functions of the elements of leaves.
D. To get sugar from dead leaves using acids and bases.
21. What is Bryant's next step？ ______
A. To produce biofuels from dead leaves.
B. To promote the use of biofuels worldwide.
C. To make his pretreating process less costly.
D. To encourage other kids to collect dead leaves.
22. Which of the following best describes Bryant？ ______
A. He is caring. B. He is demanding.
C. He has a spirit of exploration. D. He has a good sense of humor.
R
Dogs are our best friends.That's especially true after a disaster，such as an earthquake.When buildings fall down，search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people.Dogs' amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors.Now scientists have developed an electronic tool that does the same thing.It's taking smell detection to a whole new level.
The new invention is a sort of electronic nose，which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds （化合物） from people's skin.This isn't the first time engineers have developed such an object.Earlier models，however，have been and expensive.They could not detect low levels of target compounds either.The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.
The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time. "Being able to do this，in such a small object，is the significant discovery，" says Sotiris E.Pratsinis，Professor of Process Engineering and Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.His team tested it in special spaces.They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped.Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside.The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.
The results were good news for the research team.But they may be not for our four-legged friends，who could soon be out of a job. "Ideally，this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs，" Pratsinis says.
Stephen Taylor，an electrical engineer，agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs.Still，he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire.He suspects， "I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs." Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention.
"E-noses are useful，but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption，" he says.
23. Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning？ ______
A. To catch the readers' attention.
B. To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C. To show what search-and-rescue dogs do.
D. To provide additional information for discussion.
24. Which of the following best explains "bulky" underlined in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Complex. B. Illegal. C. Handy. D. Large.
25. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. What e-noses' working principle is.
B. How powerful e-noses are.
C. How e-noses are made.
D. What differences between dogs and e-nosesare.
26. What does Stephen Taylor mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Dogs and e-noses could work together.
B. Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C. E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs.
D. Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.
S
In the ancient walled city of Sana'a，mud buildings rise high into the sky.The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric patterns.The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
"As an outstanding example of architecture reflecting the spatial characteristics of the early years，the city in its landscape has an extraordinary artistic quality，" UNESCO writes in its description of Sana'a. "The buildings also show excellent craftsmanship in the use of local materials and techniques." Even though the buildings in Sana'a are thousands of years old，they remain "terribly modern"，says Salma Samar Damliyi，co-founder of the Mud Brick Architecture Foundation.The ancient structures are still inhabited today and most remain private houses.Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal -- they are well-insulated （绝缘的），sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. "It is the architecture of the future，" says Damluji.
Architects around the world are reviving （复兴） raw-earth construction as they
seek to construct sustainable buildings that can resist extreme weather events such as flash floods and intense heat.Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes？
The construction industry accounts for 38% of global carbon dioxide emissions.The building sector has an important role to play if the world is to meet the goal of reaching net zero by 2050.Concrete （水泥），a common modern construction material，has a huge carbon footprint.Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is critical to achieving our climate goals，scientists warn.
The ancient material，mud，could be the perfect sustainable alternative to concrete，according to Damliyi.Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable，she says. "If you want to pull down a wall or change the design，you can recycle all the materials." An added bonus is that mud buildings are warm in the winter and cool in the summer.This reduces the need for air conditioning units，which use large amounts of electricity and contain refrigerants （制冷剂） that make up greenhouse gas emissions.Mud structures are also incredibly strong and resistant to extreme weather，such as heatwaves，floods and droughts，which scientists say will become more frequent and intense as temperatures continue to rise.
Therefore，people who wish to live in a modern，comfortable home should consider one made of mud.Overall，it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.
27. According to UNESCO，why are the buildings in Sana'a "unique"？ ______
A. Because they are tall and tower over the entire city.
B. Because their geometric patterns create artistic feelings.
C. Because they are beautifully crafted with local resources.
D. Because their fascinating history has attracted many tourists.
28. Which of the following is TRUE about mud materials？ ______
A. They can reduce the chance of extreme weather events.
B. They can be ideal for sustainable future construction.
C. They might produce lots of greenhouse gas emissions.
D. They might cause great temperature changes.
29. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ .
A. mud might be an important solution to the climate crisis
B. the mud buildings in Sana'a are no longer suitable to live
C. rebuilding mud construction would take great efforts
D. mud has become the favourite material of architects
30. What might be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. The Historic Cities that Mark Human Civilization.
B. The Construction Industry that Threatens Climate Goals.
C. The Modern Architecture that Survives Extreme Weather.
D. The Ancient Material that Makes for Future House Designs.
If your roommate snores （打鼾） in a way that is affecting your sleep every night，you'll need to address the situation as soon as possible.Doing so wisely，however，is likely to increase your chances of finding a workable solution that everyone is happy with.
First and Foremost，Mention It to Your Roommate.
If your roommate snores a lot，you'll have to bring it up if you're ever going to move toward a solution. (1) Avoid angry accusations like "You snore so much!" or "Why are you snoring like that all the time？"
Remember That Snoring Can Mean Some Other Issues.
Don't just view snoring as a bad habit；it can be a medical issue for some people，too.The various causes of snoring should help you keep in mind that this isn't something that can just be fixed，like a dirty roommate or one who takes your stuff all of the time. (2)
Find Some Temporary （暂时的） Fixes.
As you and your roommate work to find long-term solutions to the snoring problem，look into some short-term fixes first.Can you get earplugs？ (3) Rearrange the beds of your room so they aren't so close？Perhaps you can ask your roommate to avoid alcohol before bed，or look into getting and using a white noise machine.
(4)
Your roommate might just need to change some sleeping habits；similarly，they might also have some serious medical concerns which aren't going to be fixed quite so easily.If that is the case，turn to some long-term fixes.Know that it's perfectly okay for one of those fixes to be finding another roommate.Sleep is important -- for both of you.Keep Things Pleasant and Friendly.
(5) Would you want someone for example，taking video of your snoring and posting it online somewhere？Definitely not.Your roommate's snoring isn't an intentional act designed to make your life horrible.Consequently，aim for understanding and patience as you both work to find a solution.
A.Look into Long-term Fixes.
B.For example，you've been told you snore a bit.
C.How you bring the topic up，however，matters a lot.
D.Ask your roommate to try to sleep on the other side？
E.It doesn't have to mean anyone is doing anything wrong.
F.Consider how you'd want to be treated if you were in your roommate's shoes.
G.Be patient and considerate as your roommate looks into what's causing the snoring.
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
34. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
35. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
On a trip back from Boston，my two little guys and I stopped at a gas station.It was not until I got home that I(36) my wallet had been left there.
I tried to set aside my frustration and(37) over this and focused on taking action.First，I had to find the phone number of the gas station.Just a quick Google(38)，right？Unluckily，the number had been recently(39) due to new ownership.So I (40) the restaurant across the street.The hostess warmly took down my (41) and had a waiter bring it to the gas station manager，who then rang me up.He told me that a regular customer had found my wallet and (42) it over to him for safekeeping.We (43) that I would drive back to the gas station the next day to(44) my wallet.
My relief that the situation was heading the right direction was (45)，as was my appreciation for the(46) and thoughtfulness of others -- from the(47) who found my wallet to the restaurant hostess to the manager，who was willing to(48) me my wallet if that was(49) for me.
At every step of the way，a generous spirit was shown，which was (50) in a world where we often(51) self-focused thinking and self-serving behavior.
Much good fortune (52) me after I left my wallet behind on that trip back from Boston -- including a powerful reminder of the goodness and generosity of others.My world was righted and made more joyful，not just by my being (53) with my wallet，but by the (54) acts of others.As Marianne Williamson wrote，"(55) is what happens when we allow ourselves to recognize how good things really are."
36. A. distinguished B. realized C. memorized D. thought
37. A. anxiety B. curiosity C. confusion D. surprise
38. A. kick B. check C. tip D. search
39. A. revealed B. hidden C. changed D. conveyed
40. A. identified B. called C. visited D. inspected
41. A. demand B. name C. address D. number
42. A. handed B. got C. took D. left
43. A. proved B. arranged C. hoped D. advised
44. A. pick out B. come up C. take up D. pick up
45. A. puzzling B. simple C. obvious D. interesting
46. A. kindness B. toughness C. innocence D. positiveness
47. A. neighbor B. waiter C. visitor D. customer
48. A. show B. award C. present D. mail
49. A. more convenient B. harder
C. more possible D. slower
50. A. inspiring B. exciting C. demanding D. engaging
51. A. respect B. evaluate C. witness D. admire
52. A. shocked B. accompanied C. supported D. protected
53. A. rewarded B. reunited C. replaced D. repaid
54. A. valueless B. careless C. selfless D. meaningless
55. A. Sympathy B. Courage C. Happiness D. Bravery
56. Be positive and cheerful，for your mental health is e ______（same in value） to your physical health.
57. Which host would you prefer，the f ______（the first of two things or people mentioned） or the latter？
58. She realized her ambition of becoming a p ______（to describe jobs that require advanced education or training） singer.
59. They took active steps to p ______（to make sure something does not happen） the spread of the disease.
60. His ______（propose） that the system should be changed was accepted.
61. To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of ______（apply） to attend the party.
62. Mary did do some bad things about me,but I ______（ forgive） her for that.
63. The beautiful sight of Mount Huang is beyond ______（describe）.
64. The company ______（found） in 1997，mainly engaged in digging machine repair.
65. The family is the ______（base） unit of society and the first school of our life.
66. Please give my ______（问候） to your family.
67. The heavy rain made his business suffer a great ______（损失）.
68. The policeman made a contribution to ______（调查） the affair.
69. The staff ______（进行） a test yesterday to determine how the man died.
70. Her voice was shaking______（尽管） all her efforts to control it．
71. AvatarII succeeded in ______（激起情绪） of the audience by presenting a magical water world.
72. Recently，the disease is spreading ______（以惊人的速度）.
73. ______（就我而言），it is necessary to attend training classes for the following reasons.
74. It is estimated that 5 G technology will ______（可能） be used in more fields.
75. Check your car before you drive to ______（确保） that your lights are working.
76. They are going to ______（筹集资金） for the school buildings.
77. When you go to a foreign country，you must ______（使你自己适应） new manners and customs.
78. He ______（让我想起……） his father when he said that.
79. Messi，who everyone ______（对……感到熟悉），is considered to be the greatest player of all times.
80. To draw the students' attention，he ______（用手指敲） the blackboard and raised his voice.
81. Yu Rong，a famous artist，thinks of a new way to introduce the ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book.In the book，I Am Hua Mulan，she tells the story by (1) （ combine） paper cutting with international artistic styles.She places paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches （素描） (2) （ create） a typical presentation of Chinese elements，which turns out to be a (3) （ success） and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan， (4) story has been told by generations in China，was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty （386-534）.As (5) devoted daughter，she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army (6) place of her father.Mulan's characteristics，such as courage，kindness and disinterest in fame and fortune，made (7) （ she） one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines.Mulan's story has been adapted (8) （ wide） in the modern media.For example，in 1998，Disney produced a film named Mulan，which (9) （ consider） a great success by critics and the public at that time.
To better tell the story，Yu Rong draws inspiration from her several (10) （visit） to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
82. 不管你什么时候有学习困难，你都可以向老师求助。（no matter，turn）______
83. 那位演讲者提出人们应该平衡经济和环境。（propose）______
84. 在执信学习是值得的，在这里我们可以和同伴们一起取得进步。（worthwhile，定语从句，where） ______
85. 书法不仅在书写系统起重要作用，它还让学习者体验不同朝代的文化。（Not only 放句首...but also...；）
______
86. 正是这些文化遗址保存了人类文明和历史。（强调句式，强调主语）______
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】A.give in屈服；B.give up放弃；C.give away赠送；D.give off散发。根据句意"这些野花散发出香味。"空处意思应该是"散发"，D项正确。
故选：D。
这些野花散发出香味。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析和强调句。句意：直到我们开始开会，怀特先生才出现并讲话。It was not until ...that...是强调句型，意为"直到……才"，故第一空用that，turn up意为"出现，露面"，turn down意为"拒绝"，根据句意可知，turn up"出现，露面"符合语境。
故选：A。
直到我们开始开会，怀特先生才出现并讲话。
考查动词短语，弄清楚各个动词短语的含义并区别各个动词短语之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
3.【答案】C
【解析】A.by comparison比较起来；B.comparing to把……比作；C.in comparison with同……比较起来，与……相比；D.being compared被比较。根据句意"澳大利亚电信业与世界其他地区电信业相比规模很小。"空处意思应该是"同……比较起来，与……相比"，C项正确。
故选：C。
澳大利亚电信业与世界其他地区电信业相比规模很小。
考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
4.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语和现在进行时。句意：面向成人和儿童的游乐场目前正在建设中，明年将开放。分析可知，第一空在which引导的定语从句中作谓语，be intended for固定搭配，意为"是为…而设计的"，which指代the amusement park，是单数，谓语动词用is，排除AC项；第二空在句中作谓语，根据at present可知，应用现在进行时。
故选：D。
面向成人和儿童的游乐场目前正在建设中，明年将开放。
学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的答案。
5.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查主谓一致及时态。第一空是定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语who指代先行词pople，是复数，所以谓语动词应用相应的复数形式；第二空是主句的谓语动词，主语是the number of poople，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式，根据时间状语in the past 20 years可知，应用现在完成时，助动词使用has。
故选：C。
在过去的20年里，拥有汽车的人数增加了。
分析句子结构，了解句意，准确判断时间点，明确谓语动词与主语的关系后，选择正确的时态与语态。此外，要根据主语的单复数概念，对谓语动词的形式进行选择，确保主谓一致。
6.【答案】D
【解析】第一空：would appreciate it if ...意为"如果……将不胜感激"，是一个固定句型，排除A、C项；第二空：have difficulty （in） doing sth.表示"做某事有困难" ，是固定搭配，in可以省略，排除B项，只有D项正确。
故选：D。
如果你能帮助我克服学习英语的困难，我将不胜感激。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
7.【答案】B
【解析】根据句意理解可知，该题考查虚拟语气和被动语态。There is an increased demand that- 后为同位语从句，demand意思是"需求"，后面的从句要用虚拟语气，应该用（should）+动词原形，谓语动词produce与主语more orgunic foxduce为被动关系，要用被动语态。
故选：B。
人们越来越需要生产更多的有机食品来提高生活质量。
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握同位语从句及引导词的正确用法，对同位语从句中的虚拟语气的使用规则要背诵记忆。
8.【答案】C
【解析】worth后接动词时用动名词形式，排除B、D项；关系代词that的先行词attractions是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式，排除A项，只有C项正确。
故选：C。
这座寺庙是值得参观的景点之一。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
9.【答案】B
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查部分倒装结构。第一空是when引导的时间状语从句，句子应用陈述语序；第二空是主句部分，当only修饰的状语从句位于句首时，后面的主句使用部分倒装结构。
故选：B。
他走到门口才意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。
分析句子结构，了解句子的语序，明白什么是部分倒装，背诵关于部分倒装句的规则，在规则下对句子作出判断。
10.【答案】B
【解析】答案：B.考查定语从句。分析可知，" children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily"这一部分为定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，先行词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。
故选：B。
年长的家庭成员，尤其是父母，应该营造一种氛围，在这种氛围里，孩子们被鼓励去快乐地倾诉心声。
本题考查定语从句的关系词。做此题的关键是找准先行词，判断关系词在从句中做什么句子成分，然后根据语法选择正确的引导词。
11.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查定语从句。分析题意，定语从句部分缺状语，先行词为planet，表示地点，故此处的关系词应用关系副词where。
故选：C。
Stephen Hawking认为，地球不太可能是唯一一个生命逐渐发展的星球
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。
12.【答案】A
【解析】句意：William Hastie曾经提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重复。分析句子可知，设空处是介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句；先行词是past mistakes，关系词用which；根据固定短语learn from“从……中学习”可知用from which来引导定语从句。故选A。
13.【答案】D
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查定语从句。第一空后they had expected是限制性定语从句，先行词是the same，当先行词是the same或者先行词被the same，as much/many修饰时，关系代词应用as；第二空后was rather disappointing是非限制性定语从句，结合句意，该空指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用which来引导。
故选：D。
结果和他们预期的不一样，这是相当令人失望的。
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。
14.【答案】A
【解析】答案：A.分析句子结构可知，句中含有位于句首的定语从句，本句中表示"正如..."，只有as可以位于句首引导定语从句，as是关系代词，代指后面的句子，在从句中作主语。
故选：A。
正如人们普遍接受的那样，在中东，阿拉伯人通过触摸鼻子来互相问候，但在其他文化中，这不是一种礼貌的问候方式。
1.As可以引导定语从句，有时可译为"正如"，此时，常常是as从句在前，主句在后，也可以位于句中。
例如：As we can see,he is a Chinese.
2.As 还可引导原因状语从句，表示"因为，由于"。
例如：As he is so lazy,he never cooks by himself.
3.As还可引导时间状语从句，表示"当，随着"。
例如：As the weather is colder and colder,the leaves of the tree is less and less.
4.As还可引导方式状语从句，表示"按照"。
例如：You must do the work as I have told you.
5.As还可引导让步状语从句.表示"尽管"，但是注意，as引导方式状语从句时从句必须倒装，而且这种倒装和一般的倒装不一样，as从句的倒装一般是把从句的表语或作状语的副词提到as之前，（如果表语是一个带有不定冠词a或an的单数名词，倒装后a或an必须省略）。
例如：Though he is a little boy,he knows a lot.如果变成由AS引导，就必须变成：
Little boy as he is,he knows a lot.
Though he works hard,he never succeed.
可变为 Hard as he works,he never succeed.
15.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查定语从句和强调句。根据句意可知，_______we had dinner last Sunday是定语从句，修饰先行词the restaurant，该从句缺地点状语，故用where引导；第二空与前面It was构成强调句型，即it is/was+被强调的部分+that+其他，其中it is/was和that不做任何成分，只是强调句的形式标志，去掉之后，句意完整，不缺成分。故第二空填that。
故选：C。
你一定是把钱包落在了我们上周日吃晚餐的那家餐馆。
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。
16~18.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Einstein Syndrome部分中的Stanford economist Dr.Thomas Sowell even invented the term "Einstein Syndrome" to describe extremely bright children whose speech is delayed.（斯坦福大学经济学家Thomas Sowell博士甚至发明了"爱因斯坦综合症"这个术语来描述那些说话迟缓的极其聪明的孩子。）可知，"爱因斯坦综合症"是用来描述聪明但比正常孩子说话晚的孩子。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据Einstein and the Violin部分中的Unfortunately，at first，Einstein hated playing the violin.He would much rather build houses of cards，which he was really good at.When Einstein was 13 years old，he suddenly changed his mind about the violin when he heard the music of Mozart.（不幸的是，起初爱因斯坦讨厌拉小提琴。他更愿意用纸牌搭房子，这是他很擅长的。当爱因斯坦13岁的时候，当他听到莫扎特的音乐时，他突然改变了对小提琴的想法。）可知，13岁以前爱因斯坦讨厌小提琴。结合选项A.Boring.无聊的；B.Hateful.痛恨的；C.Frightening.令人害怕的；D.Interesting.有趣的。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据Einstein and the Violin部分中的With a new passion for playing，Einstein continued to play the violin until the last few years of his life and Einstein would use the violin to relax when he became stuck in his thinking process.（带着对演奏的新热情，爱因斯坦继续拉小提琴，直到他生命的最后几年，当他陷入思考过程时，爱因斯坦会用小提琴来放松。）可推断，爱因斯坦从拉小提琴中受益匪浅。故选 A。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个关于爱因斯坦的鲜为人知的事情。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
19~22.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段It's fall，and that means some trees are losing their leaves.Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring.But Bryant Liu，13，looked at his leaf-blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.（秋天到了，这意味着一些树正在落叶。许多人可能认为清理院子里的垃圾很累。但是13岁的Bryant Liu看着他被树叶覆盖的草坪，发现了一种潜在的能源。）以及第二段中的Right now，most people fuel their cars with gas made from fossil fuels （ 化 石 燃料 ），which are not renewable.（现在，大多数人的汽车使用的是由化石燃料制成的气体，而化石燃料是不可再生的。）可以推知，作者在第二段中打算补充一些背景信息，表明在这样的背景情况下，Bryant想要研发生物燃料。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段首句Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids （酸） or bases （碱）.（Bryant想看看他是否能通过用酸或碱预处理枯叶来从枯叶中提取用于生物燃料的糖。）可知，Bryant实验的目的是想用酸和碱从枯叶中提取糖。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段首句Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step -- making bioethanol.（Bryant现在想把他发现的糖带到下一步----制造生物乙醇。）可知，Bryant下一步是用枯叶生产生物燃料。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。因此可以推知，Bryant具有探索精神。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是13岁的Bryant通过实验将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
23~26.【答案】B、D、B、A
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。第一段中，作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途，然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻，可以推断先提及狗的原因是为了引出电子鼻的话题，故选B项。
（2）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段Earlier models，however，have been and expensive.They could not detect low levels of target compounds either.The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment（然而，早期的模型体积庞大，价格昂贵。它们也无法检测到低水平的目标化合物。新的模型价格低廉，体积小，足以安装在手持设备中。）可知早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且"bulky"，新型的电子鼻则体积小巧，可放入手持设备内，新旧形成对比，由此猜测bulky是"庞大的"意思，A.Complex复杂的；B.Illegal非法的；C.Handy方便的；D.Large大的。故选D项。
（3）D.段落大意题。根据第三段The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time（电子鼻可以同时检测多种化合物的极轻微气味。）可知本段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物的极轻微气味，B项How powerful e-noses are .（ 电子鼻有多厉害）符合本段大意。故选B项。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs."（我预见到这样一个物体会增加狗所做的精细工作。）可知Stephen Taylor预测电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作，故选A项。根据下一句Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention."E-noses are useful，but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption，" he says（泰勒还指出了新发明的一些潜在局限。他说："电子鼻很有用，但很可能会受到不稳定读数和干扰的影响。"）可知 Stephen Taylor认为电子鼻虽然很有用，但是有潜 在的局限性，所以排除C项。Stephen Taylor所说 的话没有涉及到B、D两个选项的内容，所以排除。故选A项。
这是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以用于探测的电子鼻。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
27~30.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric patterns.The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.（这些高耸的建筑完全是用泥土建造的，装饰着引人注目的几何图案。当地的泥建筑非常独特，因此这座城市已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产）和第二段的The buildings also demonstrate exceptional craftsmanship in the use of local materials and techniques.（这些建筑还展示了在使用当地材料和技术方面的卓越工艺）可知，Sana'a的建筑的独特之处在于它们是用当地的资源进行精心装饰。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal — they are well-insulated （绝缘的），sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. "It is the architecture of the future，" says Damliyi.（达姆利伊说，很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力--它们绝缘良好，可持续发展，非常适合现代使用。"这是未来的建筑，"达姆利耶说）和第四段的Architects around the world are reviving （复兴） raw-earth construction as they seek to construct sustainable buildings that can resist extreme weather events such as flash floods and intense heat. （世界各地的建筑师正在复兴生土建筑，因为他们寻求建造能够抵御暴洪和高温等极端天气事件的可持续建筑）可知，泥土材料是未来可持续建设的理想选择。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段The construction industry accounts for 38% of global carbon dioxide emissions.The building sector has an important role to play if the world is to meet the goal of reaching net zero by 2050.Concrete，a common modern construction material，has a huge carbon footprint.Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is critical to achieving our climate goals，scientists warn.（建筑业占全球二氧化碳排放量的38%。如果世界要实现到2050年实现净零排放的目标，建筑行业可以发挥重要作用。混凝土是一种常见的现代建筑材料，它的碳足迹非常大。科学家警告说，用污染更少的材料取代混凝土对实现我们的气候目标至关重要）和倒数第二段的The ancient material，mud，could be the perfect sustainable alternative to concrete，according to Damliyi.Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable，she says.（达姆利伊表示，这种古老的材料--泥浆，可能是混凝土的完美可持续替代品。她说，用泥浆建筑对环境的影响非常小，而且材料本身是完全可回收的）推知，泥浆可能是气候危机的重要解决方法。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文，并结合第三段的Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal — they are well-insulated（绝缘的），sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. "It is the architecture of the future，" says Damliyi.（达姆利伊说，很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力--它们绝缘良好，可持续发展，非常适合现代使用。"这是未来的建筑，"达姆利耶说）和最后一段Therefore，people who wish to live in a modern，comfortable home should consider one made of mud.Overall，it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.（因此，想要住在现代舒适的房子里的人应该考虑用泥土做的房子。总的来说，它有助于高度先进和可持续的设计）可知，本文主要介绍了泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。D项"古老的材料造就了未来的房屋设计"可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。本文通过介绍Sana'a具有特色的泥质城堡引入本文话题--泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
31~35.【答案】C、G、D、A、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上句If your roommate snores a lot，you'll have to bring it up if you're ever going to move toward a solution（如果你的室友经常打呼噜，如果你想找到解决办法，你就必须把它提出来）；以及后文Avoid angry accusations like "You snore so much!" or "Why are you snoring like that all the time"（避免愤怒的指责，比如"你打鼾太厉害了!"或者"你为什么一直打鼾"），可知C选项"但是，你如何提出这个话题，这很重要"为过渡句，bring it up对应到C选项中bring the topic up，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Don't just view snoring as a bad habit；it can be a medical issue for some people，too.The multiple causes of snoring should help you keep in mind that this isn't something that can just be fixed，like a dirty roommate or one who takes your stuff all of the time（不要仅仅把打呼视为一种坏习惯；对某些人来说，这也是一个医学问题。打鼾的多种原因可以帮助你记住，这不是一件可以随便解决的问题，比如一个脏兮兮的室友或者一个一直拿你东西的人）"由此可知，本句主要在说明对待室友找到打鼾原因的态度。故G选项"当你的室友发现打鼾的原因时，要耐心和体贴"符合语境，The multiple causes of snoring对应到G选项中what's causing the snoring。故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文Can you get earplugs（你能戴上耳塞吗）；以及后文Rearrange the beds of your room so they aren't so close（把你房间的床重新调整一下位置，这样就不会太近了），可知前后文通过反问句来提出应对室友打鼾的暂时性的解决措施，故D选项"让你的室友试着睡在另一边"符合语境，故选D。
（4）主题判断题。根据前文Your roommate might just need to change some sleeping habits；similarly，they might also have some serious medical concerns that-aren't going to be fixed quite so easily.If that is the case，turn to some long-term fixes.（你的室友可能需要改变一些睡眠习惯；同样地，他们也可能有一些严重的医疗问题，而这些问题并不是那么容易解决的。如果是这样的话，就求助于一些长期的解决方案），可知表示"考虑长期解决措施"的选项A符合本段的主题，long-term fixes是关键词，故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据后文Would you want someone，for example，taking video of your snoring and posting it online somewhere？Definitely not（例如，你希望有人拍下你打鼾的视频并发布到网上吗？绝对不会），可知F选项"考虑一下，如果你站在室友的立场上，你希望别人怎么对待你"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了应对室友经常打呼噜的合适方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
36~55.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、A、D、D、A、A、C、B、B、C、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.distinguished区别；B.realized意识到；C.memorized记住；D.thought认为。句意：直到我回到家我才意识到我的钱包落在那里了。根据后文"my wallet had been left there"是"意识到"。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.anxiety焦虑；B.curiosity好奇心；C.confusion困惑；D.surprise惊喜。句意：我试着把我的沮丧和焦虑放在一边，集中精力采取行动。根据上文"I tried to set aside my frustration and"可知作者沮丧和焦虑。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.kick踢；B.check检查；C.tip给小费；D.search搜索。句意：只是快速搜索一下百度，对吧？根据上文"Just a quick Baidu"指通过百度搜索找到加油站的电话号码。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.revealed揭露；B.hidden隐藏；C.changed改变；D.conveyed表达。句意：不幸的是，由于有了新的所有者，这个号码最近发生了变化。根据后文"due to new ownership"可知是"改变"。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.identified识别；B.called打电话；C.visited拜访；D.inspected检查。句意：所以我给街对面的餐厅打了电话。根据后文"who then rang me up"可知给街对面的餐厅打电话，故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.demand要求；B.name名字；C.address地址；D.number数字，号码。句意：女主人热情地记下了我的电话号码，让服务员把号码拿给加油站经理，经理随即给我打了电话。根据后文"had a waiter bring it to the gas station manager，who then rang me up"可知餐厅老板记下了作者的电话号码。故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.handed递给；B.got得到；C.took带走；D.left离开。句意：他告诉我一个老顾客发现了我的钱包并交给他保管。根据后文"it over to him for safekeeping"指这名老顾客把钱包交给了加油站经理保管。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.proved证明；B.arranged安排；C.hoped希望；D.advised建议。句意：我们约定第二天我开车回加油站去取我的钱包。根据后文"I would drive back to the gas station the next day to"可知作者和加油站经理约定好了第二天去取钱包。故选B。
（9）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pick out挑选出；B.come up走近；C.take up拿起；D.pick up捡起，取回。句意：我们约定第二天我开车回加油站去取我的钱包。根据宾语my wallet可知是取钱包，应用pick up。故选D。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzling令人困惑的；B.simple简单的；C.obvious明显的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善良；B.toughness艰难；C.innocence无辜；D.positiveness积极。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。根据后文"and thoughtfulness of others"可知是对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.neighbor邻居；B.waiter服务员；C.visitor访问者；D.customer顾客。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。呼应上文"a regular customer had found my wallet"捡到钱包的是一名顾客。故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.show展示；B.award奖励；C.present呈现；D.mail邮寄。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。根据第一段中"On a trip back from Boston，my two little guys and I stopped at a gas station.It was not until I got home"可知，是把钱包邮寄给作者。故选D。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.more convenient更方便的；B.harder更难的；C.more possible更有可能的；D.slower更慢的。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我，如果这样做对我更方便。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.exciting令人激动的；C.demanding苛刻的；D.engaging迷人的。句意：在前进的每一步中，都展现出一种慷慨的精神，这在一个我们经常看到以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为的世界里是令人鼓舞的。根据上文"At every step of the way，a generous spirit was shown"可知，这是令人鼓舞的事情。故选A。
（16）考查动词及语境理解。A.respect尊重；B.evaluate评估；C.witness目击；D.admire钦佩。句意：在前进的每一步中，都展现出一种慷慨的精神，这在一个我们经常看到以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为的世界里是令人鼓舞的。根据后文"self-focused thinking and self-serving behavior"指在这个世界中看惯了以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为，故选C。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.shocked使吃惊；B.accompanied陪伴；C.supported支持；D.protected保护。句意：从波士顿回来时，我把钱包落下了，随之而来的是许多好运，其中包括对他人善良和慷慨的有力提醒。根据上文"Much good fortune"可知好运伴随着作者。故选B。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.rewarded奖励；B.reunited重聚；C.replaced替代；D.repaid重新付款。句意：我的世界得到了纠正，变得更加快乐，这不仅是因为我和我的钱包重新团聚了，还因为其他人的无私行为。故选B。
（19）考查形容词及语境理解。A.valueless无价值的；B.careless粗心的；C.selfless无私的；D.meaningless无意义的。句意：我的世界得到了纠正，变得更加快乐，这不仅是因为我和我的钱包重新团聚了，还因为其他人的无私行为。呼应上文中"a generous spirit was shown"指他人的无私行为。故选C。
（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.Sympathy同情；B.Courage勇气；C.Happiness幸福；D.Bravery勇敢。句意：正如玛丽安•威廉姆森所写的："当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时，幸福就会发生。"根据上文"made more joyful，not just by being reunited with my wallet"可知是指幸福会发生。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在从波士顿回家的途中，把钱包遗落在了加油站。几经周折，在他人的善良和无私行动下，作者最后找回了钱包，并意识到"当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时，幸福就会发生。"
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
56.【答案】qual
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑equal"相等的，同样的；平等的"，形容词作表语，be equal to"与......一样"是固定用法。
故填：equal。
要积极开朗，因为你的心理健康和身体健康是一样的。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
57.【答案】ormer
【解析】根据括号内词义，"the first of two things or people mentioned"可译为former（前者的），the former"前者"，是固定搭配。
故填：former。
你更喜欢哪一个主持人，前者还是后者？
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
58.【答案】rofessional
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑professional"职业的；专业的"，形容词作定语修饰名词singer。
故填：professional。
她实现了成为职业歌手的抱负。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
59.【答案】revent
【解析】根据括号内词义，"to make sure something does not happen"可译为prevent（防止），不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：prevent。
他们采取了积极的措施防止疾病的蔓延。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
60.【答案】proposal
【解析】propose是动词，意为"建议"；分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以空格处应该用名词作主语；propose的名词是proposal，是可数名词，根据句中was要用单数形式。
故填：proposal。
他提出的改变体制的建议被接受了。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
61.【答案】applicants
【解析】apply是动词，意为"申请"；根据句意及句子结构，空格处应该用名词，表示"申请者"，应该用名词applicant，hundreds of，意为"数以百计的"，修饰可数名词复数，所以空格处用applicants。
故填：applicants。
令我高兴的是，我从数百名申请者中被选出来参加聚会。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
62.【答案】have forgiven
【解析】结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时表示"已经原谅了她"，其结构为"have/has done"，主语为I，助动词应用have。
故答案为：have forgiven。
玛丽确实对我做了一些坏事，但我已经原谅了她。
对于用所给词的适当形式填空，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
63.【答案】description
【解析】describe是动词，意为"描述"，空格处前面是介词，后面应该用名词，describe的名词是description，beyond description是固定搭配，意为"难以形容，无法形容"，其中description是抽象名词。
故填：description。
黄山的美景是无法形容的。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
64.【答案】was founded
【解析】found"成立"，分析可知此处在句中作谓语，the company和found之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，根据in 1997可知，应用一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
故填：was founded。
公司成立于1997年，主要从事挖掘机维修。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
65.【答案】basic
【解析】base是动词，意为"以...为基础"，句中空格处用来修饰后面的名词，应该用形容词，base的形容词是basic，意为"基本的"，符合语境。
故填：basic。
家庭是社会的基本单位，是我们生活的第一所学校。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
66.【答案】greetings
【解析】根据括号内词义，"问候"可译为greeting，常用复数形式。
故填：greetings。
请代我向你的家人问好。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
67.【答案】loss
【解析】根据括号内词义，"损失"可译为loss，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式。
故填：loss。
大雨使他的生意遭受了很大的损失。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
68.【答案】investigating
【解析】根据括号内词义，"调查"可译为investigate，介词to后接动词时用动名词形式。
故填：investigating。
那位警察为调查这件事做出了贡献。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
69.【答案】conducted
【解析】根据括号内词义，"进行"可译为conduct，根据时间状语staff要用一般过去时。
故填：conducted。
工作人员昨天进行了一次测试，以确定这名男子的死因。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
70.【答案】despite
【解析】答案是despite；本题考查语境中选用适当的词；despite prep，尽管；根据空格后的名词短语all her efforts to control it判断句中需要的是介词"尽管"，故答案是despite．
尽管她努力地控制，她的声音在颤抖．
翻译填空要根据所提供的汉语意思结合语境和句子结构选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意句子结构和所选词的形式变化．
71.【答案】stirring up emotion
【解析】根据括号内词义，"激起情绪"可译为stir up emotion，介词in后接动词时用动名词形式。
故填：stirring up emotion。
《阿凡达2》通过呈现神奇的水世界，成功地激发了观众的情感。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
72.【答案】at an alarming rate
【解析】根据括号内词义，"以惊人的速度"可译为at an alarming rate，是固定搭配。
故填：at an alarming rate。
最近，这种疾病正以惊人的速度蔓延。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
73.【答案】As far as I am concerned
【解析】根据括号内词义，"就我而言"可译为as far as I am concerned，是固定搭配，根据下文中is要用一般现在时，单词as在句首，首字母大写。
故填：As far as I am concerned。
在我看来，参加培训班是必要的，原因如下。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
74.【答案】be likely to
【解析】根据括号内词义，"可能"可译为be likely to，是固定搭配，助动词will后接动词原形。
故填：be likely to。
据估计，5 G技术将有可能在更多领域得到应用。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
75.【答案】make sure
【解析】根据括号内词义，"确保"可译为make sure，是固定搭配，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：make sure。
开车前检查一下你的车，确保车灯正常工作。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
76.【答案】collect/raise money
【解析】根据括号内词义，"筹集资金"可译为collect/raise money，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：collect/raise money。
他们要为学校建筑筹款。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
77.【答案】adapt yourself to
【解析】根据括号内词义，"使你自己适应"可译为adapt yourself to，情态动词must后接动词原形。
故填：adapt yourself to。
当你到外国去时，你必须使自己适应新的风俗习惯。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
78.【答案】reminded me of
【解析】根据括号内词义，"让我想起……"可译为 remind me of，根据下文中said要用一般过去时。
故填：reminded me of。
他说那句话时让我想起了他父亲。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
79.【答案】is familiar with
【解析】根据括号内词义，"对……感到熟悉"可译为be familiar with，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，主语everyone是不定代词，be动词用is。
故填：is familiar with。
每个人都很熟悉的梅西，被认为是有史以来最伟大的球员。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
80.【答案】tapped his fingers on
【解析】根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语tap one's fingers on，由 raised his voice可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
故填：tapped his fingers on。
为了引起学生的注意，他用手指敲黑板，并提高了声音。
单词填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
81.【答案】【小题1】combining
【小题2】to create
【小题3】successful
【小题4】whose
【小题5】a
【小题6】in
【小题7】her
【小题8】widely
【小题9】was considered
【小题10】visits
【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：在《我是花木兰》一书中，她将剪纸与国际艺术风格相结合，讲述了这个故事。此处用动名词作介词by的宾语，故填combining。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：她将剪纸放在西式铅笔草图上，以创造出中国元素的典型呈现，结果证明这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to create。
（3）考查形容词。句意：她将剪纸放在西式铅笔草图上，以创造出中国元素的典型呈现，结果证明这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。此处用形容词与impressive并列作定语修饰名词breakthrough，故填successful。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：花木兰是北魏（386年至534年）的一名战士，她的故事在中国世代相传。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hua Mulan，在从句中作定语，故填whose。
（5）考查冠词。句意：作为一个忠诚的女儿，她把自己打扮成一个男人，代替父亲在军队服役。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，devoted为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（6）考查介词。句意：作为一个忠诚的女儿，她把自己打扮成一个男人，代替父亲在军队服役。in place of表示"代替"符合句意，故填of。
（7）考查代词。句意：木兰的勇敢、善良、对名利不感兴趣等特点使她成为中国历史上最受尊敬的女英雄之一。此处作made的宾语，故用宾格形式，故填her。
（8）考查副词。句意：木兰的故事被现代媒体广泛改编。此处用副词作状语修饰动词adapted，故填widely。
（9）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：例如，1998年，迪士尼制作了一部名为《花木兰》的电影，当时的评论家和公众都认为这部电影非常成功。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语which指代先行词film，谓语动词用三单形式，且与consider之间是被动关系，故填was considered。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：为了更好地讲述这个故事，余蓉从几次参观古代战争遗址和豫剧中汲取了灵感。空前有several修饰，故用名词的复数形式，故填visits。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了著名艺术家于蓉想出了一种新方法，在她的绘本中介绍花木兰的古老故事。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
82.【答案】No matter when you have difficulties in learning，you can turn to the teacher for help.
【解析】no matter when不管什么时候；have difficulties in learning有学习困难；向老师求助turn to the teacher for help；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：No matter when you have difficulties in learning，you can turn to the teacher for help.
不管你什么时候有学习困难，你都可以向老师求助。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
83.【答案】The speaker proposed that people should balance the economy and the environment.
【解析】那位演讲者the speaker；提出propose；that引导宾语从句；人们应该平衡经济和环境people should balance the economy and the environment；根据句意可知，事情已发生，用一般过去时。
故填：The speaker proposed that people should balance the economy and the environment.
那位演讲者提出人们应该平衡经济和环境。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
84.【答案】It is worthwhile to study in Zhixin，where we can make progress with our peers.
【解析】在执信学习是值得的it is worthwhile to study in Zhixin；where引导非限制性定语从句；取得进步make progress；和同伴们一起with our peers；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：It is worthwhile to study in Zhixin，where we can make progress with our peers.
在执信学习是值得的，在这里我们可以和同伴们一起取得进步。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
85.【答案】Not only does calligraphy play an important role in the writing system，but also allows learners to experience the culture of different dynasties.
【解析】不仅……还……Not only...but also...位于句首句子用部分倒装；书写系统the writing system；起重要作用play an important role；让学习者体验allow learners to experience；不同朝代的文化the culture of different dynasties；根据句意可知用一般现在时。
故填：Not only does calligraphy play an important role in the writing system，but also allows learners to experience the culture of different dynasties.
书法不仅在书写系统起重要作用，它还让学习者体验不同朝代的文化。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
86.【答案】It is these cultural sites that preserve human civilization and history.
【解析】正是It is...that...强调句型；这些文化遗址these cultural sites；保存了人类文明和历史preserve human civilization and history；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：It is these cultural sites that preserve human civilization and history.
正是这些文化遗址保存了人类文明和历史。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区执信中学高一（上）期末英语试卷
1. These wildflowers give a nice smell.（ ）
A. in B. up C. away D. off
2. It was not until we started our meeting Mr.White and made a speech.（ ）
A. that；turned up B. when；turned up
C. that；turned down D. when；turned down
3. The telecom industry in Australia is very small the rest of the world.（ ）
A. by comparison B. comparing to
C. in comparison with D. being compared
4. The amusement park，which adults and children alike， at present and will be open next year.（ ）
A. intends for；will be built B. is intended for；will be built
C. intends for；is being built D. is intended for；is being built
5. The number of people who cars in the past 20 years.（ ）
A. own；increased B. owns；have increased
C. own；has creased D. owns；has been increasing
6. if you could help me overcome the difficulty I have English.（ ）
A. I would be appreciated；to learn
B. I would appreciate it；to learn
C. I would be appreciated；learning
D. I would appreciate it；learning
7. There is an increased demand that more organic food to improve the quality of life.（ ）
A. produce B. be produced C. to produce D. being produced
8. The temple is one of the attractions that .（ ）
A. is worthy to be visited B. is worth to be visited
C. are worthy to be visited D. are worth to be visited
9. Only when the door of the house that he had left the key in the office.（ ）
A. did he arrive at；did he realize B. he arrived at；did he realize
C. did he arrive at；he realized D. he arrived at；he realized
10. Senior family members， especially parents， should create an atmosphere children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily.（ ）
A. that B. where C. what D. which
11. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.（ ）
A. that B. which C. where D. whose
12. William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ______ we can learn without repeating them.
A. from which B. in which C. with whom D. for whom
13. The result is not the same they had expected， was rather disappointing.（ ）
A. that；as B. as；that C. what；which D. as；which
14. ________is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.（ ）
A. As B. It C. Which D. What
15. It can be in the restaurant we had dinner last Sunday you left your wallet.（ ）
A. where；where B. that；that C. where；that D. that；where
P
We all know Albert Einstein was probably the most intelligent man that ever lived，and that his contributions to science were the greatest.But still，there are a few things you may not know about the great scientist.
Einstein Syndrome
Einstein was supposed to talk late -- he told his biographer （传记作者） he didn't start speaking until at least three years old.Stanford economist Dr.Thomas Sowell even invented the term "Einstein Syndrome" to describe extremely bright children whose speech is delayed.
A Simple Compass
When Albert Einstein was five years old and sick in bed，his father showed him a simple pocket compass.Einstein was attracted.What force made the little needle point in a single direction？This question stayed with Einstein for many years and has been considered as the beginning of his interest in science.
Einstein and the Violin
Einstein's mother，Pauline，was an excellent pianist and wanted her son to love music too.So she started him on violin lessons when he was six years old.Unfortunately，at first，Einstein hated playing the violin.He would much rather build houses of cards，which he was really good at.When Einstein was 13 years old，he suddenly changed his mind about the violin when he heard the music of Mozart.With a new passion for playing，Einstein continued to play the violin until the last few years of his life and Einstein would use the violin to relax when he became stuck in his thinking process.
The Refrigerator
Twenty-one years after writing his Special Theory of Relativity，Albert Einstein invented a refrigerator that operated on alcohol gas.The refrigerator was patented （获得专利） in 1926 but never went into production because new technology made it unnecessary.Einstein invented the refrigerator because he read about a family poisoned by a sulphur dioxide-emitting （排放二氧化硫的） refrigerator.
16. What is the term "Einstein Syndrome" in Paragraph 2 used to describe？ ______
A. Some people who change their mind about learning music.
B. Some children who can't speak until they are three years old.
C. Some smart children who begin to speak later than normal children.
D. Some people who are crazy about the pocket compass and its needle.
17. What did Einstein think of playing the violin before he was 13？ ______
A. Boring. B. Hateful. C. Frightening. D. Interesting.
18. Which of the following is TRUE about Einstein according to the passage？ ______
A. Einstein benefited a lot from playing the violin.
B. Einstein invented the refrigerator out of curiosity.
C. Einstein received a compass as a gift for his fifth birthday.
D. Einstein suffered from a special illness when he was a child.
Q
It's fall，and that means some trees are losing their leaves.Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring.But Bryant Liu，13，looked at his leaf-blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.
Right now，most people fuel their cars with gas made from fossil fuels （化石燃料）， which are not renewable.So scientists are making biofuels.For example，engineers can produce bioethanol -- a type of alcohol fuel -- from sugars in plants.Turning to dead leaves，however，presents a challenge for biofuel developers.Dead leaves have sugar，but they also have lots of lignin -- a tough substance （物质） that strengthens the walls of plant cells.To get to the sugars inside，scientists first have to break down the lignin with chemicals.
Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids （酸） or bases （碱）.The young researcher gathered up three garbage bags full of leaves from his yard.Then he went to his father's laboratory.He broke the dead leaves into pieces，and then carefully loaded equal numbers of them into test tubes.Afterwards，he added either an acid solution or a base solution at different concentrations to the test tubes. "That was really fun，" Bryant said. "It made me feel like a real scientist." Finally，the teen found that pretreating leaves with either an acid or base encouraged sugar to get out from his yard's leaves.However，he explained，the process was still too expensive.
Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step -- making bioethanol.If he could create a better method for producing biofuels，he explains，people would need fewer fossil fuels and have a renewable energy source for the future.And Bryant adds，if people use all those dead leaves for biofuels，he and other kids may have to do less cleaning each fall.
19. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Reflect on Bryant's experiences.
B. Use examples to support the topic.
C. Add some background information.
D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.
20. What is the purpose of Bryant's experiment？ ______
A. To test the toughness of the lignin.
B. To find the differences between acids and bases.
C. To identify the functions of the elements of leaves.
D. To get sugar from dead leaves using acids and bases.
21. What is Bryant's next step？ ______
A. To produce biofuels from dead leaves.
B. To promote the use of biofuels worldwide.
C. To make his pretreating process less costly.
D. To encourage other kids to collect dead leaves.
22. Which of the following best describes Bryant？ ______
A. He is caring. B. He is demanding.
C. He has a spirit of exploration. D. He has a good sense of humor.
R
Dogs are our best friends.That's especially true after a disaster，such as an earthquake.When buildings fall down，search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people.Dogs' amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors.Now scientists have developed an electronic tool that does the same thing.It's taking smell detection to a whole new level.
The new invention is a sort of electronic nose，which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds （化合物） from people's skin.This isn't the first time engineers have developed such an object.Earlier models，however，have been and expensive.They could not detect low levels of target compounds either.The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.
The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time. "Being able to do this，in such a small object，is the significant discovery，" says Sotiris E.Pratsinis，Professor of Process Engineering and Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.His team tested it in special spaces.They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped.Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside.The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.
The results were good news for the research team.But they may be not for our four-legged friends，who could soon be out of a job. "Ideally，this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs，" Pratsinis says.
Stephen Taylor，an electrical engineer，agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs.Still，he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire.He suspects， "I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs." Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention.
"E-noses are useful，but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption，" he says.
23. Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning？ ______
A. To catch the readers' attention.
B. To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C. To show what search-and-rescue dogs do.
D. To provide additional information for discussion.
24. Which of the following best explains "bulky" underlined in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Complex. B. Illegal. C. Handy. D. Large.
25. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. What e-noses' working principle is.
B. How powerful e-noses are.
C. How e-noses are made.
D. What differences between dogs and e-nosesare.
26. What does Stephen Taylor mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Dogs and e-noses could work together.
B. Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C. E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs.
D. Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.
S
In the ancient walled city of Sana'a，mud buildings rise high into the sky.The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric patterns.The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
"As an outstanding example of architecture reflecting the spatial characteristics of the early years，the city in its landscape has an extraordinary artistic quality，" UNESCO writes in its description of Sana'a. "The buildings also show excellent craftsmanship in the use of local materials and techniques." Even though the buildings in Sana'a are thousands of years old，they remain "terribly modern"，says Salma Samar Damliyi，co-founder of the Mud Brick Architecture Foundation.The ancient structures are still inhabited today and most remain private houses.Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal -- they are well-insulated （绝缘的），sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. "It is the architecture of the future，" says Damluji.
Architects around the world are reviving （复兴） raw-earth construction as they
seek to construct sustainable buildings that can resist extreme weather events such as flash floods and intense heat.Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes？
The construction industry accounts for 38% of global carbon dioxide emissions.The building sector has an important role to play if the world is to meet the goal of reaching net zero by 2050.Concrete （水泥），a common modern construction material，has a huge carbon footprint.Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is critical to achieving our climate goals，scientists warn.
The ancient material，mud，could be the perfect sustainable alternative to concrete，according to Damliyi.Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable，she says. "If you want to pull down a wall or change the design，you can recycle all the materials." An added bonus is that mud buildings are warm in the winter and cool in the summer.This reduces the need for air conditioning units，which use large amounts of electricity and contain refrigerants （制冷剂） that make up greenhouse gas emissions.Mud structures are also incredibly strong and resistant to extreme weather，such as heatwaves，floods and droughts，which scientists say will become more frequent and intense as temperatures continue to rise.
Therefore，people who wish to live in a modern，comfortable home should consider one made of mud.Overall，it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.
27. According to UNESCO，why are the buildings in Sana'a "unique"？ ______
A. Because they are tall and tower over the entire city.
B. Because their geometric patterns create artistic feelings.
C. Because they are beautifully crafted with local resources.
D. Because their fascinating history has attracted many tourists.
28. Which of the following is TRUE about mud materials？ ______
A. They can reduce the chance of extreme weather events.
B. They can be ideal for sustainable future construction.
C. They might produce lots of greenhouse gas emissions.
D. They might cause great temperature changes.
29. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ .
A. mud might be an important solution to the climate crisis
B. the mud buildings in Sana'a are no longer suitable to live
C. rebuilding mud construction would take great efforts
D. mud has become the favourite material of architects
30. What might be the best title of the passage？ ______
A. The Historic Cities that Mark Human Civilization.
B. The Construction Industry that Threatens Climate Goals.
C. The Modern Architecture that Survives Extreme Weather.
D. The Ancient Material that Makes for Future House Designs.
If your roommate snores （打鼾） in a way that is affecting your sleep every night，you'll need to address the situation as soon as possible.Doing so wisely，however，is likely to increase your chances of finding a workable solution that everyone is happy with.
First and Foremost，Mention It to Your Roommate.
If your roommate snores a lot，you'll have to bring it up if you're ever going to move toward a solution. (1) Avoid angry accusations like "You snore so much!" or "Why are you snoring like that all the time？"
Remember That Snoring Can Mean Some Other Issues.
Don't just view snoring as a bad habit；it can be a medical issue for some people，too.The various causes of snoring should help you keep in mind that this isn't something that can just be fixed，like a dirty roommate or one who takes your stuff all of the time. (2)
Find Some Temporary （暂时的） Fixes.
As you and your roommate work to find long-term solutions to the snoring problem，look into some short-term fixes first.Can you get earplugs？ (3) Rearrange the beds of your room so they aren't so close？Perhaps you can ask your roommate to avoid alcohol before bed，or look into getting and using a white noise machine.
(4)
Your roommate might just need to change some sleeping habits；similarly，they might also have some serious medical concerns which aren't going to be fixed quite so easily.If that is the case，turn to some long-term fixes.Know that it's perfectly okay for one of those fixes to be finding another roommate.Sleep is important -- for both of you.Keep Things Pleasant and Friendly.
(5) Would you want someone for example，taking video of your snoring and posting it online somewhere？Definitely not.Your roommate's snoring isn't an intentional act designed to make your life horrible.Consequently，aim for understanding and patience as you both work to find a solution.
A.Look into Long-term Fixes.
B.For example，you've been told you snore a bit.
C.How you bring the topic up，however，matters a lot.
D.Ask your roommate to try to sleep on the other side？
E.It doesn't have to mean anyone is doing anything wrong.
F.Consider how you'd want to be treated if you were in your roommate's shoes.
G.Be patient and considerate as your roommate looks into what's causing the snoring.
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
33. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
34. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
35. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
On a trip back from Boston，my two little guys and I stopped at a gas station.It was not until I got home that I(36) my wallet had been left there.
I tried to set aside my frustration and(37) over this and focused on taking action.First，I had to find the phone number of the gas station.Just a quick Google(38)，right？Unluckily，the number had been recently(39) due to new ownership.So I (40) the restaurant across the street.The hostess warmly took down my (41) and had a waiter bring it to the gas station manager，who then rang me up.He told me that a regular customer had found my wallet and (42) it over to him for safekeeping.We (43) that I would drive back to the gas station the next day to(44) my wallet.
My relief that the situation was heading the right direction was (45)，as was my appreciation for the(46) and thoughtfulness of others -- from the(47) who found my wallet to the restaurant hostess to the manager，who was willing to(48) me my wallet if that was(49) for me.
At every step of the way，a generous spirit was shown，which was (50) in a world where we often(51) self-focused thinking and self-serving behavior.
Much good fortune (52) me after I left my wallet behind on that trip back from Boston -- including a powerful reminder of the goodness and generosity of others.My world was righted and made more joyful，not just by my being (53) with my wallet，but by the (54) acts of others.As Marianne Williamson wrote，"(55) is what happens when we allow ourselves to recognize how good things really are."
36. A. distinguished B. realized C. memorized D. thought
37. A. anxiety B. curiosity C. confusion D. surprise
38. A. kick B. check C. tip D. search
39. A. revealed B. hidden C. changed D. conveyed
40. A. identified B. called C. visited D. inspected
41. A. demand B. name C. address D. number
42. A. handed B. got C. took D. left
43. A. proved B. arranged C. hoped D. advised
44. A. pick out B. come up C. take up D. pick up
45. A. puzzling B. simple C. obvious D. interesting
46. A. kindness B. toughness C. innocence D. positiveness
47. A. neighbor B. waiter C. visitor D. customer
48. A. show B. award C. present D. mail
49. A. more convenient B. harder
C. more possible D. slower
50. A. inspiring B. exciting C. demanding D. engaging
51. A. respect B. evaluate C. witness D. admire
52. A. shocked B. accompanied C. supported D. protected
53. A. rewarded B. reunited C. replaced D. repaid
54. A. valueless B. careless C. selfless D. meaningless
55. A. Sympathy B. Courage C. Happiness D. Bravery
56. Be positive and cheerful，for your mental health is e ______（same in value） to your physical health.
57. Which host would you prefer，the f ______（the first of two things or people mentioned） or the latter？
58. She realized her ambition of becoming a p ______（to describe jobs that require advanced education or training） singer.
59. They took active steps to p ______（to make sure something does not happen） the spread of the disease.
60. His ______（propose） that the system should be changed was accepted.
61. To my delight，I was chosen from hundreds of ______（apply） to attend the party.
62. Mary did do some bad things about me,but I ______（ forgive） her for that.
63. The beautiful sight of Mount Huang is beyond ______（describe）.
64. The company ______（found） in 1997，mainly engaged in digging machine repair.
65. The family is the ______（base） unit of society and the first school of our life.
66. Please give my ______（问候） to your family.
67. The heavy rain made his business suffer a great ______（损失）.
68. The policeman made a contribution to ______（调查） the affair.
69. The staff ______（进行） a test yesterday to determine how the man died.
70. Her voice was shaking______（尽管） all her efforts to control it．
71. AvatarII succeeded in ______（激起情绪） of the audience by presenting a magical water world.
72. Recently，the disease is spreading ______（以惊人的速度）.
73. ______（就我而言），it is necessary to attend training classes for the following reasons.
74. It is estimated that 5 G technology will ______（可能） be used in more fields.
75. Check your car before you drive to ______（确保） that your lights are working.
76. They are going to ______（筹集资金） for the school buildings.
77. When you go to a foreign country，you must ______（使你自己适应） new manners and customs.
78. He ______（让我想起……） his father when he said that.
79. Messi，who everyone ______（对……感到熟悉），is considered to be the greatest player of all times.
80. To draw the students' attention，he ______（用手指敲） the blackboard and raised his voice.
81. Yu Rong，a famous artist，thinks of a new way to introduce the ancient story of Hua Mulan in her picture book.In the book，I Am Hua Mulan，she tells the story by (1) （ combine） paper cutting with international artistic styles.She places paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches （素描） (2) （ create） a typical presentation of Chinese elements，which turns out to be a (3) （ success） and impressive breakthrough.
Hua Mulan， (4) story has been told by generations in China，was a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty （386-534）.As (5) devoted daughter，she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army (6) place of her father.Mulan's characteristics，such as courage，kindness and disinterest in fame and fortune，made (7) （ she） one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines.Mulan's story has been adapted (8) （ wide） in the modern media.For example，in 1998，Disney produced a film named Mulan，which (9) （ consider） a great success by critics and the public at that time.
To better tell the story，Yu Rong draws inspiration from her several (10) （visit） to sites of ancient battles and Henan Opera.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
82. 不管你什么时候有学习困难，你都可以向老师求助。（no matter，turn）______
83. 那位演讲者提出人们应该平衡经济和环境。（propose）______
84. 在执信学习是值得的，在这里我们可以和同伴们一起取得进步。（worthwhile，定语从句，where） ______
85. 书法不仅在书写系统起重要作用，它还让学习者体验不同朝代的文化。（Not only 放句首...but also...；）
______
86. 正是这些文化遗址保存了人类文明和历史。（强调句式，强调主语）______
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】A.give in屈服；B.give up放弃；C.give away赠送；D.give off散发。根据句意"这些野花散发出香味。"空处意思应该是"散发"，D项正确。
故选：D。
这些野花散发出香味。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析和强调句。句意：直到我们开始开会，怀特先生才出现并讲话。It was not until ...that...是强调句型，意为"直到……才"，故第一空用that，turn up意为"出现，露面"，turn down意为"拒绝"，根据句意可知，turn up"出现，露面"符合语境。
故选：A。
直到我们开始开会，怀特先生才出现并讲话。
考查动词短语，弄清楚各个动词短语的含义并区别各个动词短语之间的差异，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
3.【答案】C
【解析】A.by comparison比较起来；B.comparing to把……比作；C.in comparison with同……比较起来，与……相比；D.being compared被比较。根据句意"澳大利亚电信业与世界其他地区电信业相比规模很小。"空处意思应该是"同……比较起来，与……相比"，C项正确。
故选：C。
澳大利亚电信业与世界其他地区电信业相比规模很小。
考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。
4.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语和现在进行时。句意：面向成人和儿童的游乐场目前正在建设中，明年将开放。分析可知，第一空在which引导的定语从句中作谓语，be intended for固定搭配，意为"是为…而设计的"，which指代the amusement park，是单数，谓语动词用is，排除AC项；第二空在句中作谓语，根据at present可知，应用现在进行时。
故选：D。
面向成人和儿童的游乐场目前正在建设中，明年将开放。
学生要有扎实的语法知识基础，分析句子，选择正确的答案。
5.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查主谓一致及时态。第一空是定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语who指代先行词pople，是复数，所以谓语动词应用相应的复数形式；第二空是主句的谓语动词，主语是the number of poople，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式，根据时间状语in the past 20 years可知，应用现在完成时，助动词使用has。
故选：C。
在过去的20年里，拥有汽车的人数增加了。
分析句子结构，了解句意，准确判断时间点，明确谓语动词与主语的关系后，选择正确的时态与语态。此外，要根据主语的单复数概念，对谓语动词的形式进行选择，确保主谓一致。
6.【答案】D
【解析】第一空：would appreciate it if ...意为"如果……将不胜感激"，是一个固定句型，排除A、C项；第二空：have difficulty （in） doing sth.表示"做某事有困难" ，是固定搭配，in可以省略，排除B项，只有D项正确。
故选：D。
如果你能帮助我克服学习英语的困难，我将不胜感激。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
7.【答案】B
【解析】根据句意理解可知，该题考查虚拟语气和被动语态。There is an increased demand that- 后为同位语从句，demand意思是"需求"，后面的从句要用虚拟语气，应该用（should）+动词原形，谓语动词produce与主语more orgunic foxduce为被动关系，要用被动语态。
故选：B。
人们越来越需要生产更多的有机食品来提高生活质量。
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握同位语从句及引导词的正确用法，对同位语从句中的虚拟语气的使用规则要背诵记忆。
8.【答案】C
【解析】worth后接动词时用动名词形式，排除B、D项；关系代词that的先行词attractions是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式，排除A项，只有C项正确。
故选：C。
这座寺庙是值得参观的景点之一。
考查固定搭配/句型，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子结构、翻译句子符合各种表达形式，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
9.【答案】B
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查部分倒装结构。第一空是when引导的时间状语从句，句子应用陈述语序；第二空是主句部分，当only修饰的状语从句位于句首时，后面的主句使用部分倒装结构。
故选：B。
他走到门口才意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。
分析句子结构，了解句子的语序，明白什么是部分倒装，背诵关于部分倒装句的规则，在规则下对句子作出判断。
10.【答案】B
【解析】答案：B.考查定语从句。分析可知，" children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily"这一部分为定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，先行词在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。
故选：B。
年长的家庭成员，尤其是父母，应该营造一种氛围，在这种氛围里，孩子们被鼓励去快乐地倾诉心声。
本题考查定语从句的关系词。做此题的关键是找准先行词，判断关系词在从句中做什么句子成分，然后根据语法选择正确的引导词。
11.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查定语从句。分析题意，定语从句部分缺状语，先行词为planet，表示地点，故此处的关系词应用关系副词where。
故选：C。
Stephen Hawking认为，地球不太可能是唯一一个生命逐渐发展的星球
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。
12.【答案】A
【解析】句意：William Hastie曾经提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不必重复。分析句子可知，设空处是介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句；先行词是past mistakes，关系词用which；根据固定短语learn from“从……中学习”可知用from which来引导定语从句。故选A。
13.【答案】D
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查定语从句。第一空后they had expected是限制性定语从句，先行词是the same，当先行词是the same或者先行词被the same，as much/many修饰时，关系代词应用as；第二空后was rather disappointing是非限制性定语从句，结合句意，该空指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，应用which来引导。
故选：D。
结果和他们预期的不一样，这是相当令人失望的。
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。
14.【答案】A
【解析】答案：A.分析句子结构可知，句中含有位于句首的定语从句，本句中表示"正如..."，只有as可以位于句首引导定语从句，as是关系代词，代指后面的句子，在从句中作主语。
故选：A。
正如人们普遍接受的那样，在中东，阿拉伯人通过触摸鼻子来互相问候，但在其他文化中，这不是一种礼貌的问候方式。
1.As可以引导定语从句，有时可译为"正如"，此时，常常是as从句在前，主句在后，也可以位于句中。
例如：As we can see,he is a Chinese.
2.As 还可引导原因状语从句，表示"因为，由于"。
例如：As he is so lazy,he never cooks by himself.
3.As还可引导时间状语从句，表示"当，随着"。
例如：As the weather is colder and colder,the leaves of the tree is less and less.
4.As还可引导方式状语从句，表示"按照"。
例如：You must do the work as I have told you.
5.As还可引导让步状语从句.表示"尽管"，但是注意，as引导方式状语从句时从句必须倒装，而且这种倒装和一般的倒装不一样，as从句的倒装一般是把从句的表语或作状语的副词提到as之前，（如果表语是一个带有不定冠词a或an的单数名词，倒装后a或an必须省略）。
例如：Though he is a little boy,he knows a lot.如果变成由AS引导，就必须变成：
Little boy as he is,he knows a lot.
Though he works hard,he never succeed.
可变为 Hard as he works,he never succeed.
15.【答案】C
【解析】分析句子可知，该题考查定语从句和强调句。根据句意可知，_______we had dinner last Sunday是定语从句，修饰先行词the restaurant，该从句缺地点状语，故用where引导；第二空与前面It was构成强调句型，即it is/was+被强调的部分+that+其他，其中it is/was和that不做任何成分，只是强调句的形式标志，去掉之后，句意完整，不缺成分。故第二空填that。
故选：C。
你一定是把钱包落在了我们上周日吃晚餐的那家餐馆。
分析句子结构，了解句意，熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法，尤其是从句的引导词在从句中的作用，理清指代关系。
16~18.【答案】C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Einstein Syndrome部分中的Stanford economist Dr.Thomas Sowell even invented the term "Einstein Syndrome" to describe extremely bright children whose speech is delayed.（斯坦福大学经济学家Thomas Sowell博士甚至发明了"爱因斯坦综合症"这个术语来描述那些说话迟缓的极其聪明的孩子。）可知，"爱因斯坦综合症"是用来描述聪明但比正常孩子说话晚的孩子。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据Einstein and the Violin部分中的Unfortunately，at first，Einstein hated playing the violin.He would much rather build houses of cards，which he was really good at.When Einstein was 13 years old，he suddenly changed his mind about the violin when he heard the music of Mozart.（不幸的是，起初爱因斯坦讨厌拉小提琴。他更愿意用纸牌搭房子，这是他很擅长的。当爱因斯坦13岁的时候，当他听到莫扎特的音乐时，他突然改变了对小提琴的想法。）可知，13岁以前爱因斯坦讨厌小提琴。结合选项A.Boring.无聊的；B.Hateful.痛恨的；C.Frightening.令人害怕的；D.Interesting.有趣的。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据Einstein and the Violin部分中的With a new passion for playing，Einstein continued to play the violin until the last few years of his life and Einstein would use the violin to relax when he became stuck in his thinking process.（带着对演奏的新热情，爱因斯坦继续拉小提琴，直到他生命的最后几年，当他陷入思考过程时，爱因斯坦会用小提琴来放松。）可推断，爱因斯坦从拉小提琴中受益匪浅。故选 A。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了四个关于爱因斯坦的鲜为人知的事情。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
19~22.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段It's fall，and that means some trees are losing their leaves.Many people might see cleaning up all that yard waste as tiring.But Bryant Liu，13，looked at his leaf-blanketed lawn and saw a potential source of energy.（秋天到了，这意味着一些树正在落叶。许多人可能认为清理院子里的垃圾很累。但是13岁的Bryant Liu看着他被树叶覆盖的草坪，发现了一种潜在的能源。）以及第二段中的Right now，most people fuel their cars with gas made from fossil fuels （ 化 石 燃料 ），which are not renewable.（现在，大多数人的汽车使用的是由化石燃料制成的气体，而化石燃料是不可再生的。）可以推知，作者在第二段中打算补充一些背景信息，表明在这样的背景情况下，Bryant想要研发生物燃料。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段首句Bryant wanted to see if he could get sugar for biofuels out of dead leaves by pretreating those leaves with acids （酸） or bases （碱）.（Bryant想看看他是否能通过用酸或碱预处理枯叶来从枯叶中提取用于生物燃料的糖。）可知，Bryant实验的目的是想用酸和碱从枯叶中提取糖。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段首句Bryant now wants to take the sugars from his finding to the next step -- making bioethanol.（Bryant现在想把他发现的糖带到下一步----制造生物乙醇。）可知，Bryant下一步是用枯叶生产生物燃料。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是Bryant通过实验将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。因此可以推知，Bryant具有探索精神。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是13岁的Bryant通过实验将枯叶用酸和碱处理提取糖，并计划下一步将它们制成生物燃料。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
23~26.【答案】B、D、B、A
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。第一段中，作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途，然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻，可以推断先提及狗的原因是为了引出电子鼻的话题，故选B项。
（2）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段Earlier models，however，have been and expensive.They could not detect low levels of target compounds either.The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment（然而，早期的模型体积庞大，价格昂贵。它们也无法检测到低水平的目标化合物。新的模型价格低廉，体积小，足以安装在手持设备中。）可知早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且"bulky"，新型的电子鼻则体积小巧，可放入手持设备内，新旧形成对比，由此猜测bulky是"庞大的"意思，A.Complex复杂的；B.Illegal非法的；C.Handy方便的；D.Large大的。故选D项。
（3）D.段落大意题。根据第三段The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time（电子鼻可以同时检测多种化合物的极轻微气味。）可知本段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物的极轻微气味，B项How powerful e-noses are .（ 电子鼻有多厉害）符合本段大意。故选B项。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs."（我预见到这样一个物体会增加狗所做的精细工作。）可知Stephen Taylor预测电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作，故选A项。根据下一句Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention."E-noses are useful，but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption，" he says（泰勒还指出了新发明的一些潜在局限。他说："电子鼻很有用，但很可能会受到不稳定读数和干扰的影响。"）可知 Stephen Taylor认为电子鼻虽然很有用，但是有潜 在的局限性，所以排除C项。Stephen Taylor所说 的话没有涉及到B、D两个选项的内容，所以排除。故选A项。
这是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以用于探测的电子鼻。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
27~30.【答案】C、B、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric patterns.The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.（这些高耸的建筑完全是用泥土建造的，装饰着引人注目的几何图案。当地的泥建筑非常独特，因此这座城市已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产）和第二段的The buildings also demonstrate exceptional craftsmanship in the use of local materials and techniques.（这些建筑还展示了在使用当地材料和技术方面的卓越工艺）可知，Sana'a的建筑的独特之处在于它们是用当地的资源进行精心装饰。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal — they are well-insulated （绝缘的），sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. "It is the architecture of the future，" says Damliyi.（达姆利伊说，很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力--它们绝缘良好，可持续发展，非常适合现代使用。"这是未来的建筑，"达姆利耶说）和第四段的Architects around the world are reviving （复兴） raw-earth construction as they seek to construct sustainable buildings that can resist extreme weather events such as flash floods and intense heat. （世界各地的建筑师正在复兴生土建筑，因为他们寻求建造能够抵御暴洪和高温等极端天气事件的可持续建筑）可知，泥土材料是未来可持续建设的理想选择。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段The construction industry accounts for 38% of global carbon dioxide emissions.The building sector has an important role to play if the world is to meet the goal of reaching net zero by 2050.Concrete，a common modern construction material，has a huge carbon footprint.Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is critical to achieving our climate goals，scientists warn.（建筑业占全球二氧化碳排放量的38%。如果世界要实现到2050年实现净零排放的目标，建筑行业可以发挥重要作用。混凝土是一种常见的现代建筑材料，它的碳足迹非常大。科学家警告说，用污染更少的材料取代混凝土对实现我们的气候目标至关重要）和倒数第二段的The ancient material，mud，could be the perfect sustainable alternative to concrete，according to Damliyi.Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable，she says.（达姆利伊表示，这种古老的材料--泥浆，可能是混凝土的完美可持续替代品。她说，用泥浆建筑对环境的影响非常小，而且材料本身是完全可回收的）推知，泥浆可能是气候危机的重要解决方法。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文，并结合第三段的Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their appeal — they are well-insulated（绝缘的），sustainable and extremely adaptable for modern use. "It is the architecture of the future，" says Damliyi.（达姆利伊说，很容易理解为什么这些泥土建筑没有失去吸引力--它们绝缘良好，可持续发展，非常适合现代使用。"这是未来的建筑，"达姆利耶说）和最后一段Therefore，people who wish to live in a modern，comfortable home should consider one made of mud.Overall，it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.（因此，想要住在现代舒适的房子里的人应该考虑用泥土做的房子。总的来说，它有助于高度先进和可持续的设计）可知，本文主要介绍了泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。D项"古老的材料造就了未来的房屋设计"可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。本文通过介绍Sana'a具有特色的泥质城堡引入本文话题--泥浆这种古老的材料可作为完美的可持续的建筑材料。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
31~35.【答案】C、G、D、A、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据上句If your roommate snores a lot，you'll have to bring it up if you're ever going to move toward a solution（如果你的室友经常打呼噜，如果你想找到解决办法，你就必须把它提出来）；以及后文Avoid angry accusations like "You snore so much!" or "Why are you snoring like that all the time"（避免愤怒的指责，比如"你打鼾太厉害了!"或者"你为什么一直打鼾"），可知C选项"但是，你如何提出这个话题，这很重要"为过渡句，bring it up对应到C选项中bring the topic up，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文Don't just view snoring as a bad habit；it can be a medical issue for some people，too.The multiple causes of snoring should help you keep in mind that this isn't something that can just be fixed，like a dirty roommate or one who takes your stuff all of the time（不要仅仅把打呼视为一种坏习惯；对某些人来说，这也是一个医学问题。打鼾的多种原因可以帮助你记住，这不是一件可以随便解决的问题，比如一个脏兮兮的室友或者一个一直拿你东西的人）"由此可知，本句主要在说明对待室友找到打鼾原因的态度。故G选项"当你的室友发现打鼾的原因时，要耐心和体贴"符合语境，The multiple causes of snoring对应到G选项中what's causing the snoring。故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文Can you get earplugs（你能戴上耳塞吗）；以及后文Rearrange the beds of your room so they aren't so close（把你房间的床重新调整一下位置，这样就不会太近了），可知前后文通过反问句来提出应对室友打鼾的暂时性的解决措施，故D选项"让你的室友试着睡在另一边"符合语境，故选D。
（4）主题判断题。根据前文Your roommate might just need to change some sleeping habits；similarly，they might also have some serious medical concerns that-aren't going to be fixed quite so easily.If that is the case，turn to some long-term fixes.（你的室友可能需要改变一些睡眠习惯；同样地，他们也可能有一些严重的医疗问题，而这些问题并不是那么容易解决的。如果是这样的话，就求助于一些长期的解决方案），可知表示"考虑长期解决措施"的选项A符合本段的主题，long-term fixes是关键词，故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据后文Would you want someone，for example，taking video of your snoring and posting it online somewhere？Definitely not（例如，你希望有人拍下你打鼾的视频并发布到网上吗？绝对不会），可知F选项"考虑一下，如果你站在室友的立场上，你希望别人怎么对待你"符合语境。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了应对室友经常打呼噜的合适方法。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
36~55.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、A、D、D、A、A、C、B、B、C、C
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.distinguished区别；B.realized意识到；C.memorized记住；D.thought认为。句意：直到我回到家我才意识到我的钱包落在那里了。根据后文"my wallet had been left there"是"意识到"。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.anxiety焦虑；B.curiosity好奇心；C.confusion困惑；D.surprise惊喜。句意：我试着把我的沮丧和焦虑放在一边，集中精力采取行动。根据上文"I tried to set aside my frustration and"可知作者沮丧和焦虑。故选A。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.kick踢；B.check检查；C.tip给小费；D.search搜索。句意：只是快速搜索一下百度，对吧？根据上文"Just a quick Baidu"指通过百度搜索找到加油站的电话号码。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.revealed揭露；B.hidden隐藏；C.changed改变；D.conveyed表达。句意：不幸的是，由于有了新的所有者，这个号码最近发生了变化。根据后文"due to new ownership"可知是"改变"。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.identified识别；B.called打电话；C.visited拜访；D.inspected检查。句意：所以我给街对面的餐厅打了电话。根据后文"who then rang me up"可知给街对面的餐厅打电话，故选B。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.demand要求；B.name名字；C.address地址；D.number数字，号码。句意：女主人热情地记下了我的电话号码，让服务员把号码拿给加油站经理，经理随即给我打了电话。根据后文"had a waiter bring it to the gas station manager，who then rang me up"可知餐厅老板记下了作者的电话号码。故选D。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.handed递给；B.got得到；C.took带走；D.left离开。句意：他告诉我一个老顾客发现了我的钱包并交给他保管。根据后文"it over to him for safekeeping"指这名老顾客把钱包交给了加油站经理保管。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.proved证明；B.arranged安排；C.hoped希望；D.advised建议。句意：我们约定第二天我开车回加油站去取我的钱包。根据后文"I would drive back to the gas station the next day to"可知作者和加油站经理约定好了第二天去取钱包。故选B。
（9）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pick out挑选出；B.come up走近；C.take up拿起；D.pick up捡起，取回。句意：我们约定第二天我开车回加油站去取我的钱包。根据宾语my wallet可知是取钱包，应用pick up。故选D。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzling令人困惑的；B.simple简单的；C.obvious明显的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.kindness善良；B.toughness艰难；C.innocence无辜；D.positiveness积极。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。根据后文"and thoughtfulness of others"可知是对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏。故选A。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.neighbor邻居；B.waiter服务员；C.visitor访问者；D.customer顾客。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。呼应上文"a regular customer had found my wallet"捡到钱包的是一名顾客。故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.show展示；B.award奖励；C.present呈现；D.mail邮寄。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，如果这样做对我更方便，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我。根据第一段中"On a trip back from Boston，my two little guys and I stopped at a gas station.It was not until I got home"可知，是把钱包邮寄给作者。故选D。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.more convenient更方便的；B.harder更难的；C.more possible更有可能的；D.slower更慢的。句意：我对情况朝着正确的方向发展感到欣慰，也对其他人的善意和体贴表示赞赏——从捡到我钱包的顾客到餐厅女主人再到经理，他们都愿意把钱包寄给我，如果这样做对我更方便。故选A。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.exciting令人激动的；C.demanding苛刻的；D.engaging迷人的。句意：在前进的每一步中，都展现出一种慷慨的精神，这在一个我们经常看到以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为的世界里是令人鼓舞的。根据上文"At every step of the way，a generous spirit was shown"可知，这是令人鼓舞的事情。故选A。
（16）考查动词及语境理解。A.respect尊重；B.evaluate评估；C.witness目击；D.admire钦佩。句意：在前进的每一步中，都展现出一种慷慨的精神，这在一个我们经常看到以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为的世界里是令人鼓舞的。根据后文"self-focused thinking and self-serving behavior"指在这个世界中看惯了以自我为中心的思考和自私的行为，故选C。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.shocked使吃惊；B.accompanied陪伴；C.supported支持；D.protected保护。句意：从波士顿回来时，我把钱包落下了，随之而来的是许多好运，其中包括对他人善良和慷慨的有力提醒。根据上文"Much good fortune"可知好运伴随着作者。故选B。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.rewarded奖励；B.reunited重聚；C.replaced替代；D.repaid重新付款。句意：我的世界得到了纠正，变得更加快乐，这不仅是因为我和我的钱包重新团聚了，还因为其他人的无私行为。故选B。
（19）考查形容词及语境理解。A.valueless无价值的；B.careless粗心的；C.selfless无私的；D.meaningless无意义的。句意：我的世界得到了纠正，变得更加快乐，这不仅是因为我和我的钱包重新团聚了，还因为其他人的无私行为。呼应上文中"a generous spirit was shown"指他人的无私行为。故选C。
（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.Sympathy同情；B.Courage勇气；C.Happiness幸福；D.Bravery勇敢。句意：正如玛丽安•威廉姆森所写的："当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时，幸福就会发生。"根据上文"made more joyful，not just by being reunited with my wallet"可知是指幸福会发生。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在从波士顿回家的途中，把钱包遗落在了加油站。几经周折，在他人的善良和无私行动下，作者最后找回了钱包，并意识到"当我们允许自己认识到事情是多么美好时，幸福就会发生。"
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
56.【答案】qual
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑equal"相等的，同样的；平等的"，形容词作表语，be equal to"与......一样"是固定用法。
故填：equal。
要积极开朗，因为你的心理健康和身体健康是一样的。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
57.【答案】ormer
【解析】根据括号内词义，"the first of two things or people mentioned"可译为former（前者的），the former"前者"，是固定搭配。
故填：former。
你更喜欢哪一个主持人，前者还是后者？
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
58.【答案】rofessional
【解析】根据句意结合首字母，考虑professional"职业的；专业的"，形容词作定语修饰名词singer。
故填：professional。
她实现了成为职业歌手的抱负。
对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定。
59.【答案】revent
【解析】根据括号内词义，"to make sure something does not happen"可译为prevent（防止），不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：prevent。
他们采取了积极的措施防止疾病的蔓延。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
60.【答案】proposal
【解析】propose是动词，意为"建议"；分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以空格处应该用名词作主语；propose的名词是proposal，是可数名词，根据句中was要用单数形式。
故填：proposal。
他提出的改变体制的建议被接受了。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
61.【答案】applicants
【解析】apply是动词，意为"申请"；根据句意及句子结构，空格处应该用名词，表示"申请者"，应该用名词applicant，hundreds of，意为"数以百计的"，修饰可数名词复数，所以空格处用applicants。
故填：applicants。
令我高兴的是，我从数百名申请者中被选出来参加聚会。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
62.【答案】have forgiven
【解析】结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时表示"已经原谅了她"，其结构为"have/has done"，主语为I，助动词应用have。
故答案为：have forgiven。
玛丽确实对我做了一些坏事，但我已经原谅了她。
对于用所给词的适当形式填空，答题时要做到：A．明确所给词的词性；B．弄清所给句子的意思；C．确定空白处所需的词性；D．正确写出所填的词。
63.【答案】description
【解析】describe是动词，意为"描述"，空格处前面是介词，后面应该用名词，describe的名词是description，beyond description是固定搭配，意为"难以形容，无法形容"，其中description是抽象名词。
故填：description。
黄山的美景是无法形容的。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
64.【答案】was founded
【解析】found"成立"，分析可知此处在句中作谓语，the company和found之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，根据in 1997可知，应用一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
故填：was founded。
公司成立于1997年，主要从事挖掘机维修。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
65.【答案】basic
【解析】base是动词，意为"以...为基础"，句中空格处用来修饰后面的名词，应该用形容词，base的形容词是basic，意为"基本的"，符合语境。
故填：basic。
家庭是社会的基本单位，是我们生活的第一所学校。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
66.【答案】greetings
【解析】根据括号内词义，"问候"可译为greeting，常用复数形式。
故填：greetings。
请代我向你的家人问好。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
67.【答案】loss
【解析】根据括号内词义，"损失"可译为loss，不定冠词a后接可数名词单数形式。
故填：loss。
大雨使他的生意遭受了很大的损失。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
68.【答案】investigating
【解析】根据括号内词义，"调查"可译为investigate，介词to后接动词时用动名词形式。
故填：investigating。
那位警察为调查这件事做出了贡献。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
69.【答案】conducted
【解析】根据括号内词义，"进行"可译为conduct，根据时间状语staff要用一般过去时。
故填：conducted。
工作人员昨天进行了一次测试，以确定这名男子的死因。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
70.【答案】despite
【解析】答案是despite；本题考查语境中选用适当的词；despite prep，尽管；根据空格后的名词短语all her efforts to control it判断句中需要的是介词"尽管"，故答案是despite．
尽管她努力地控制，她的声音在颤抖．
翻译填空要根据所提供的汉语意思结合语境和句子结构选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意句子结构和所选词的形式变化．
71.【答案】stirring up emotion
【解析】根据括号内词义，"激起情绪"可译为stir up emotion，介词in后接动词时用动名词形式。
故填：stirring up emotion。
《阿凡达2》通过呈现神奇的水世界，成功地激发了观众的情感。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
72.【答案】at an alarming rate
【解析】根据括号内词义，"以惊人的速度"可译为at an alarming rate，是固定搭配。
故填：at an alarming rate。
最近，这种疾病正以惊人的速度蔓延。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
73.【答案】As far as I am concerned
【解析】根据括号内词义，"就我而言"可译为as far as I am concerned，是固定搭配，根据下文中is要用一般现在时，单词as在句首，首字母大写。
故填：As far as I am concerned。
在我看来，参加培训班是必要的，原因如下。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
74.【答案】be likely to
【解析】根据括号内词义，"可能"可译为be likely to，是固定搭配，助动词will后接动词原形。
故填：be likely to。
据估计，5 G技术将有可能在更多领域得到应用。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
75.【答案】make sure
【解析】根据括号内词义，"确保"可译为make sure，是固定搭配，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：make sure。
开车前检查一下你的车，确保车灯正常工作。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
76.【答案】collect/raise money
【解析】根据括号内词义，"筹集资金"可译为collect/raise money，不定式符号to后接动词原形。
故填：collect/raise money。
他们要为学校建筑筹款。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
77.【答案】adapt yourself to
【解析】根据括号内词义，"使你自己适应"可译为adapt yourself to，情态动词must后接动词原形。
故填：adapt yourself to。
当你到外国去时，你必须使自己适应新的风俗习惯。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
78.【答案】reminded me of
【解析】根据括号内词义，"让我想起……"可译为 remind me of，根据下文中said要用一般过去时。
故填：reminded me of。
他说那句话时让我想起了他父亲。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
79.【答案】is familiar with
【解析】根据括号内词义，"对……感到熟悉"可译为be familiar with，因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，主语everyone是不定代词，be动词用is。
故填：is familiar with。
每个人都很熟悉的梅西，被认为是有史以来最伟大的球员。
考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
80.【答案】tapped his fingers on
【解析】根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语tap one's fingers on，由 raised his voice可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
故填：tapped his fingers on。
为了引起学生的注意，他用手指敲黑板，并提高了声音。
单词填空要求考生不仅具备一定的词汇量、扎实的句型和语法知识，还要去学生有较好的阅读能力，能灵活运用所学知识去分析语篇。简单地说，该题型的考查范围极广，不仅包括词汇和语法的掌握，还考查学生的阅读分析能力、逻辑推理能力，以及情境语感。
81.【答案】【小题1】combining
【小题2】to create
【小题3】successful
【小题4】whose
【小题5】a
【小题6】in
【小题7】her
【小题8】widely
【小题9】was considered
【小题10】visits
【解析】（1）考查动名词。句意：在《我是花木兰》一书中，她将剪纸与国际艺术风格相结合，讲述了这个故事。此处用动名词作介词by的宾语，故填combining。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：她将剪纸放在西式铅笔草图上，以创造出中国元素的典型呈现，结果证明这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to create。
（3）考查形容词。句意：她将剪纸放在西式铅笔草图上，以创造出中国元素的典型呈现，结果证明这是一个成功而令人印象深刻的突破。此处用形容词与impressive并列作定语修饰名词breakthrough，故填successful。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：花木兰是北魏（386年至534年）的一名战士，她的故事在中国世代相传。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hua Mulan，在从句中作定语，故填whose。
（5）考查冠词。句意：作为一个忠诚的女儿，她把自己打扮成一个男人，代替父亲在军队服役。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，devoted为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（6）考查介词。句意：作为一个忠诚的女儿，她把自己打扮成一个男人，代替父亲在军队服役。in place of表示"代替"符合句意，故填of。
（7）考查代词。句意：木兰的勇敢、善良、对名利不感兴趣等特点使她成为中国历史上最受尊敬的女英雄之一。此处作made的宾语，故用宾格形式，故填her。
（8）考查副词。句意：木兰的故事被现代媒体广泛改编。此处用副词作状语修饰动词adapted，故填widely。
（9）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：例如，1998年，迪士尼制作了一部名为《花木兰》的电影，当时的评论家和公众都认为这部电影非常成功。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语which指代先行词film，谓语动词用三单形式，且与consider之间是被动关系，故填was considered。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：为了更好地讲述这个故事，余蓉从几次参观古代战争遗址和豫剧中汲取了灵感。空前有several修饰，故用名词的复数形式，故填visits。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了著名艺术家于蓉想出了一种新方法，在她的绘本中介绍花木兰的古老故事。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
82.【答案】No matter when you have difficulties in learning，you can turn to the teacher for help.
【解析】no matter when不管什么时候；have difficulties in learning有学习困难；向老师求助turn to the teacher for help；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：No matter when you have difficulties in learning，you can turn to the teacher for help.
不管你什么时候有学习困难，你都可以向老师求助。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
83.【答案】The speaker proposed that people should balance the economy and the environment.
【解析】那位演讲者the speaker；提出propose；that引导宾语从句；人们应该平衡经济和环境people should balance the economy and the environment；根据句意可知，事情已发生，用一般过去时。
故填：The speaker proposed that people should balance the economy and the environment.
那位演讲者提出人们应该平衡经济和环境。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
84.【答案】It is worthwhile to study in Zhixin，where we can make progress with our peers.
【解析】在执信学习是值得的it is worthwhile to study in Zhixin；where引导非限制性定语从句；取得进步make progress；和同伴们一起with our peers；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：It is worthwhile to study in Zhixin，where we can make progress with our peers.
在执信学习是值得的，在这里我们可以和同伴们一起取得进步。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
85.【答案】Not only does calligraphy play an important role in the writing system，but also allows learners to experience the culture of different dynasties.
【解析】不仅……还……Not only...but also...位于句首句子用部分倒装；书写系统the writing system；起重要作用play an important role；让学习者体验allow learners to experience；不同朝代的文化the culture of different dynasties；根据句意可知用一般现在时。
故填：Not only does calligraphy play an important role in the writing system，but also allows learners to experience the culture of different dynasties.
书法不仅在书写系统起重要作用，它还让学习者体验不同朝代的文化。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
86.【答案】It is these cultural sites that preserve human civilization and history.
【解析】正是It is...that...强调句型；这些文化遗址these cultural sites；保存了人类文明和历史preserve human civilization and history；根据句意可知，用一般现在时。
故填：It is these cultural sites that preserve human civilization and history.
正是这些文化遗址保存了人类文明和历史。
本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
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