高考英语二轮复习名词性从句学案（学生版）

高中英语 人教版 高三一轮复习 名词性从句

【问题查找】

单项选择

1. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew   she was so angry.

A. where        B. whether       C. that           D. why  

2.As a new graduate, he doesn’t know        it takes to start a business here.

A. how       B. what       C. When   D. which

3.         some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.

A. Whether       B. What      C. That           D. How

4．—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?

—OK,         you want.

A．whichever   B．however   C．whatever  D．whoever

5．It is uncertain        side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.

A．that    B．what   C．how    D．whether

6.One reason for her preference for city life is        she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.

A. that         B. how             C. what             D. why

7.Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season.

A. why     B. what    C. how    D. which

8. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know       .

A. he is entering which lane             B. which lane he is entering

C. is he entering which lane             D. which lane is he entering

9．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on        he goes with，whether his friends or relatives．

A．what    B．who    C．how   D．why

10. I want to be liked and loved for           I am inside.

A. who          B. where      C. what          D. how

【要点精讲】

精讲一：名词性从句概述            （15分钟）

名词性从句是高考语法填空与改错的必考点，也是写作中必用的表达手法。

(1)定义：在主从复合句中，相当于名词的从句称之为名词性从句。名词性从句在句中的功能相当于名词。它包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句。

(2) 名词性从句的连接词及其在句中的功能。

连接词 意义 在名词性从句中的功能

that 无意义 不充当成分

whether/if 是否 不充当成分

连接代词 意义 在名词性从句中的功能

who(ever) (无论)谁 主语、宾语、表语

which(ever) (无论)哪一个 主语、宾语、定语

what(ever) (无论)什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语

whose 谁的 定语

连接副词 意义 在名词性从句中的功能

when 何时 时间状语

where 哪里 地点状语

why 为什么 原因状语

how 如何/怎么 方式状语

（3）解题方法：主要是根据一个句子在整个句子中所作句子成分确定从句类型后，再根据该从句的关联词的使用特点确定具体的关联词。

精讲二：主语从句              （15分钟）

定义：主语从句就是指在复合句中充当主语的句子。它由连词及连接代词、连接副词连接。

规则1：that连接从句时，从句为一个句意完整、语气确定的陈述句，而that没有具体意思，不充当任何句子成分，只是起标志性的作用，但that 不能省略。如：

That he will come here to see us is certain.

规则2：whether连接从句时，从句的句意完整，但是语气不肯定，表示怀疑。whether不能省略，意为“是否”，在句首时不能用if替换。如：

Whether he is free now is uncertain.

规则3：主语从句要用陈述句语序，即主谓语序。

规则4：由which, when, where, whether等引导的主语从句，可用it作形式主语。但如果是疑问句，就只能用it作形式主语。如：

Whether he'll come or not makes no difference.

＝It doesn't make any difference whether he'll come or not.

Hasn't it been decided yet when and where we'll hold the sports meet?

但是，由what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句，必须置于谓语动词之前，不能用it作形式主语。如：

Whatever was said here must be kept secret.

Whoever breaks the law will be punished.

规则5：几类it作形式主语的句型：

(1)It's said/reported/written that…据说(报道/记载)

It's well­known that…众所周知……

It's(so)happened that…碰巧……

(2)It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that…事实是……

(3)It is necessary that…有必要……

It is important that…重要的是……

It is obvious that…很明显……

(4)It occurred to me that…我突然想起……

精讲三：宾语从句              （15分钟）

定义：在复合句中充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句。

规则1：及物动词后跟两个(或两个以上)宾语从句时只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：

He said(that)the text was important and that we should recite it.(第二个that不能省略)

规则2：某些表语形容词(如sure, certain, glad, surprised)之后也可带宾语从句。如：

He was afraid that someone might find him.

规则3：whether与if都可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。但以下几种情况只能用whether：

(1)作介词宾语时，连接词一般用whether。如：

It all depends on whether they will come back.

(2)后面直接跟or not 时，用whether。如：

I didn't know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.

(3)主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用whether。如：

Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.

(4)whether可与动词不定式连用，但if不能。如：

I have not decided whether to go or not.

(5)whether可引导一个让步状语从句，表示“不管，无论”，而if不能。如：

Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.

规则4：若主句的主语为第一人称单数，谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语前，从句谓语用肯定式。如：

I don't think this dress fits you well.我认为这裙子不是很合你的身。

规则5：几类it作形式宾语的句型：

(1)主语＋think/consider/find/feel/make＋it＋adj./n.＋that­从句。如：

I really find it a pity that you didn't come to the party.

(2)主语＋hate/dislike/love/like＋it＋when­从句，表示对某一情况的喜好或厌恶。如：

I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

(3)主语＋appreciate＋it＋if­从句。如：

I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.

(4)主语＋see to it＋that­从句(确保……)。如：

You must see to it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab.

(5)主语＋rely/depend on it＋that­从句。如：

You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.

精讲四：表语从句              （10分钟）

定义：在复合句中充当表语的句子被称为表语从句。

规则1：that引导表语从句无任何意义，也不充当任何句子成分，通常不省略。如：

My dream is that I will have my own company.

规则2：whether 引导表语从句(此时通常不可用if代替whether)。如：

The problem is whether we can get there on time.

规则3：where 可表示抽象意义，意为“……的地方，……点”。如：

You are saying everyone should be equal and this is where I disagree.

That's where you are mistaken.

规则4：几类常见的表语从句句型：

(1)It looks/seems as if…好像……；仿佛……

(2)This is because…这是因为……

(3)The reason why…is that………的原因是……

(4)That is why…那是因为……

(5)The question/problem is whether/when/where…问题是是否/何时/在哪里……

(6)His dream/suggestion/aim/purpose is that…他的梦想/建议/目标/目的是……

精讲五：同位语从句              （15分钟）

定义：解释说明复合句中某一个抽象名词的句子叫同位语从句，常见的抽象名词有：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise, word(消息)等。引导同位语从句的词通常有that，whether，how，when，where等。如：

The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.

我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。

I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon.

我从王先生那边得知一条消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。

规则1：同位语从句的语气

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。如：

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.

老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。

The government gave the order that all these houses(should)be pulled down in three weeks.

政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。

规则2：that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别

同位语从句的引导词that 不充当从句的任何成分，即同位语从句本身是意义完整的陈述句，that不可省略。定语从句的关系代词that 代替先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。如：

The news that Yao Ming joined the Rocket really excited the Chinese basketball fans.

(that 引导同位语从句，不可省)

The news that I got on the CCTV was about Yao Ming.

(that 作定语从句中got的宾语，可省。)

The sports news that is about Yao Ming often attracts more attention.

(that 作定语从句的主语，不可省。)

【查漏补缺】

单项选择

1、—What a mess! You are always so lazy![

—I'm not to blame, Mum. I am   ________  you have made me.

A．how  B．what   C．that  D．who

2、It is difficult for us to imagine________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

A．where     B．what       C．which      D．why

3、________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

A. Why     B. When  C. That   D. What

4、Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”

A．when  B．how  C．why  D．where

5、I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.

A. what   B. that   C. which   D. who

6、“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.Com]

A．what  B．how  C．that  D．whether

7、—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?

—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favourite universities.

A. when  B. why[来源C. that  D. how

【梳理优化】

【强化巩固】

使用恰当的连接词填空

1．The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ________ the boy would do.

2．It suddenly occurred to him________ he had left his keys in the office.

3．The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

4．We promise ________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

5．The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.

6．As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.

7．I didn't understand ________ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged(for) the reservation.

8．The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered ________ the boy would do...

9．The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.

10．Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.

11．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.

12．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing__________you're afraid to do.

13．As John Lennon once said，life is________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.

14．—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

   —I'm not to blame，mum.I am________you have made me.

15.It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

16．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That's ________ I was born.”

17．I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.

18． “Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.

19．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?

 —Yeah，but I have no idea ________he did it；that's one of his favorite universities.

20．I think ________ it's our duty to help parents do some housework.

21．I took pride in ________ I had done in the absence of my father.

22．I am wondering ________ you can pick him up at the airport.

23．This is ________ I am thinking about the picture.

24．I know ________ it is because I don't spend much time memorizing them after class.

25．I am wondering ________ you can help me sell some.

26．By the way，do you know ________ they stand for?

【课后练习】

一、用适当的连接词填空

1．Besides the content of a book，________ the editor also cares about is the number of readers.

2．The organizers promise ________ wins the first prize a chance to go abroad.

3．Mary is a humorous and warm­hearted woman and that is ________ she is a most popular person in her community.

4．________ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

5．________ is the most important for him is not his job，but his family.

6．In the office an electrical engineer is looking through the instructions to know ________ the heat system works before the repair work.

7．After ________ seemed a hopeless wait，four coal­miners trapped in the mine for 125 hours were finally rescued in Heilongjiang Province.

8．It remains to be seen ________ this plan is practical enough to keep the project going.

9．Sometimes，________ we show our gratitude for a person is reflected in the kind of food we serve him or her.

10．—I wonder ________ so many people are crazy about Gangnam Style.

—It's good for bodybuilding，and it brings people a lot of fun，you know.

二、用适当的连接词完成下列短文

I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today.

This afternoon a poorly­dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.Nobody knew __1__ he was.We wondered __2__ he was so hungry.We were surprised __3__ he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted __4__ the man was able to pay the bill.The gentleman asked __5__ we would mind waiting for just a few minutes.Then we were shocked to see __6__ he took out of a letter and a million pound bank note.I asked Mr.Clements __7__ it was genuine.Mr.Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year.He thought __8__ the gentleman showed them couldn't be a fake.__9__ a gentleman with a million pound bank note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.I really couldn't describe __10__ excited I was.

三、根据上下文和括号里的提示，用名词性从句完成句子

Dear，teachers and classmates，

Good morning! What I want to talk about today is 1.________________________(为了健康快乐地成长我们能做什么)

Firstly，it's well­known 2.________________________________(态度决定一切)．If we have a positive attitude towards life，we can face whatever difficulty bravely that we will run into in life and try to overcome it.What's more，we should study hard to enrich our knowledge.The reason is 3.________________________(我们能适应变化，更好地生活) when we have power.Also，I think it's a good idea 4.________________________(我们应该结交一些好朋友)，who can share happiness and sorrow with us.Last but not least，we are supposed to do exercise regularly.It can help us to keep fit.

To sum up，I believe 5.________________________________(只要我们能把上面的事情做好)，we will grow up happily and healthily.Don't you think so?

That's all.Thank you.