(新高考)2020年高考真题和模拟题英语分类训练专题11 语法填空(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)

2020年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编

专题08 语法填空

一、2020年高考真题

 I.记叙文

1. 【2020·全国卷I】

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China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62． (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63． it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64． (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so 65． the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66． (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69． ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70． (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

2. 【2020·全国卷II】

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Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year

Chinese New Year is a 61． (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62． (carry) special significance. They represent the earth  63．  (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.

These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:

Oranges: Orange trees are more 64． decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65． (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.

Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66． (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67． health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68． (care) for and make great presents.

Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69． (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70．  first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.

3. 【2020·全国卷III】

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In ancient China lived an artist61． paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62． (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.

Filled with 64． (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65． he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67． (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68． (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69． (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70． earth, Mother Nature.

4. 【2020·山东卷】

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Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36． (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37． until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38． (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39． opened in 1759.

The parts of a museum open to the public 40． (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection 41． (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.

Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42． (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44． (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45．people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.

5. 【2020·浙江卷】

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Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56． ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57． could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

Farming produced more food per person 58． hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.

By about 6000 BC，people 61． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 62． (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 63． (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.

This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64． rise of science，changes began. New methods 65． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.

二、2020届模拟题

（1)2020届河北省唐山市高三第一次模拟考试

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We always think it’s OK for us to leave our plants unattended during our vacation,but a recent study has led to a new 61. (discover).

Some scientists tested tobacco plants and tomato plants by cutting off their stems(茎)and 62. (stop)watering them.They then recorded their response with a microphone  63. (place)ten centimeters away.

They found that the plants began to scream ultrasonic(超声波)sounds, which they believed could convey their suffering 64.  other plants.When the stem of a tomato plant was cut,the scientists found that 65.  screamed 25 ultrasonic sounds of suffering within an hour.The tobacco plant that had its stem cut 66. (send)out 15.

The plants also seemed to respond to different 67. (stress)with the different intensities(强度)of sound.The scientists observed that the tobacco plants let out  68. (loud)sound when they were not watered than when they had their stems cut

The study answers the question 69. plants can feel pain or not.It can change the way that we think about the plant kingdom,which has been 70. (natural)considered to be almost silent.

（2)2020届海南省高三高考调研测试

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If you come across an 85-year-old woman walking slowly with a walker in the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, don’t take her as a patient. Instead, she is a doctor36. still insists working in the hospital.

Sheng Jinyun, born in 1935，a famous expert in pediatric asthma（儿科哮喘)，37. （treat)about 30，000 children suffering asthma so far. She is known.38. “the most beautiful grandma doctor” by others. Currently, she still sees 4039. （patient)every day. Sheng has always stuck to her post though she had two bones40. （break)in a fall a month ago. So now she can only walk with41. help of a walker. Others don’t understand her. In their eyes, she42. （expect)to live a peaceful life in this old age. But she wants to cure more children.

One of Sheng’s most43. （impress)experiences happened in her 50s. She saw 146 patients from 7：45 am to 9：45 pm that day,44. （eat)nothing except some milk. Though awarded the “lifelong45. （achieve)physician in pediatrics ”at the 24th Congress of Chinese Pediatric Society in this October, Sheng seems not proud at all. She said it was her goal to be a diligent person and a good doctor.

（3)2020届湖北省八校高三第二次联考

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Having a vegan diet might sound hard. However, in recent years, veganism (纯素食主义) has become one of 41.  fastest-growing lifestyle trends in the world.

According to HuffPost, more than 3 million people in the United States are vegans. In the UK, about 542,000 people 42.  (choose) veganism over the past decade.

What is driving this 43.  (grow) in veganism? It is because people want to protect the environment. Producing meat and dairy products 44.  (be) stressful for the environment. According to a study, global meat manufacturing causes about 18 percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. This figure is 45.  (high) than all the world’s cars, trains and planes combined. Another reason is 46.  many of today’s young people believe it’s wrong to kill animals for food.

For many people, veganism 47.  (simple) means eating no meat, cheese or eggs, but going animal-free also applies to fashion and manufacturing. Every year more than a billion animals are killed 48.  (make) leather products from their skins. Now, many brands are looking for other materials .The sports brand Puma has made shoes out of pineapple leaves. Tesla is said to be removing animal-based leather 49.  its seats.

So, if you’re interested in 50.  (protect) the environment, you might want to give veganism a try.

（4)2020届湖南省衡阳市高三二模英语试题

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Recently a new type of reusable mask developed by a Ningbo-based company 41. (enter)the market. Unlike surgical masks, this new product, uses a nanomaterial membrane (纳米膜), rather than the 42. (type) melt-blown fabric, to filter (过滤) bacteria and viruses.

Laboratory tests and 43. third party report show that the mask has achieved the same quality standards of the N95 mask, which can filter 95 percent of tiny objects with a diameter of at least 75 nanometers. The masks are also comfortable, easy to breathe 44. . What’s better, depending on the user's setting and wear time, the mask can 45. (use)up to 20 times.

The mask can also resist repeated sterilization (杀菌) with boiling water, disinfectant,46. alcohol, meaning that people only need to change the filter after wearing it for 12 hours and wash it regularly in hot water at a temperature between 56 and 7047. (degree) Celsius for long-term use.

The mask is currently divided into two grades 48. (price) at 6 yuan ($0.89) and 9 yuan,49. (respective). Both are equipped with two replaceable filters. Besides, compared with adult masks, the masks made especially for children are 50. (skin-friendly).

（5)2020届江西省抚州市高三教学质量监测

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Kitchen technology has reached new heights. So far, astronauts on the International Space Station 41. (make)the universe’s first space-baked cookies. They are 42.  very first kind of food to be baked in space from raw ingredients. The astronauts said 43. (eat) freshly baked food will make them happy while on the space station. It will be a comforting 44. (remind) of home. This will be important for astronauts going to the moon or on the long journey to Mars.

Baking the space cookies once 45. (think) extremely difficult. On Earth, cookies take about 20 minutes 46. (bake) in an oven heated to 150 degrees Celsius(302 degrees Fahrenheit). That was not long enough in space. The first cookie came out 47. (total) undercooked.

The space bakers turned 48. the oven’s temperature and baked the dough for 49. (long)until they were successful. The fifth cookie they made took 130 minutes to bake. The space-baked cookies are now in a laboratory in Houston, Texas. Scientists will test them to see 50.  they are safe to eat.

（6)2020届江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考

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When you say that someone has a good memory, what do you mean? Are you saying the person has fast recall or that she or he absorbs information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about the childhood. The41. ( true ) is that it is difficult to say exactly what memory is. Scientists believe that a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information42. (store) all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to describe memory is to say that it is a process 43.  recording, storing and retrieving (提取) information. It is this process 44.  allows us to keep memories of past events and facts.

In order for information to be remembered, it must be recorded in the brain. And 45. (record) something in brain, you have to notice it or register it, using46.  or more of your five senses——sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. Through practice and repetition the pieces that make up your memory of that information 47. (strengthen).

Memory can be48. (negative) affected by a number of things. Poor nutrition and depression can affect the ability to keep information. Over-drinking alcohol can also lead to49. (damage) the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing impairment (损伤) may affect the ability to notice certain things, thus making 50. harder to record information.

（7)2020届重庆市高三“二诊”

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The past two weeks have been extremely painful, and 41.  (everyone) heart is extremely strained with the outbreak of the COVID-19 in China.

Right now, some 1.4 billion Chinese 42.  (spare) no effort in the fight against the outbreak. 43.  (count) medical teams from all over China are in Hubei Province assisting in the fight, and saving lives 24/7.

Chinese citizens have devoted themselves to the 44. strict) measures of prevention and control. We have our hearts 45.  (set) on one goal — the race against time and fight against the virus. Every day, we witness heroic deeds from ordinary individuals, which brings tears to my eyes.

About 60 medical teams 46.  (consist) of 11,000 doctors and medical staff have been sent off from other provinces to Hubei.

Many medical personnel have voluntarily asked 47.  this dangerous assignment. A nurse, 48.  has worked on the frontline for a week, could only give an air hug to her visiting daughter from a safe distance.

Face masks and protective goggles (护目镜) have left deep marks on the faces of medical personnel after wearing them 49.  (day). The hands of some of the nurses have been scarred by constant disinfectant soaking. It’s hard and exhausting, 50.  the medical staff have remained firm in their tasks.

（8)2020届山东省泰安市高三第二轮复习质量检测

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Wu Yu, a nurse in the 36. (three) medical team dispatched to Wuhan from Xiangya Hospital, Hunan, didn’t expect her wish would come true so soon.

On the eve of International Women’s Day, she made a special wish during 37.  on - camera interview 38.  Argentinian superstar footballer Lionel Messi could  send her 8 - year-old son a jersey.

I believe a jersey from Messi would definitely encourage my boy 39.  (become) a member of the national youth training team,” the mother said. That night, the official Weibo account of Argentina’s national football team 40.  (respond): “Hello, nurse mother! After hearing your wish, we are going to send you a No. 10 Messi jersey. We hope your son can have a 41.  (bright) future after wearing his idol’s shirt!  ”

Coming out of the hospital after a night shift, Wu received the good news the next morning.  “I didn’t 42.  (real) expect this wish to come true because I just wanted to encourage my son,” she said. One of the 43.  (reason) she had requested to join the fight against coronavirus in Wuhan is that she wanted to set a good example 44.  son at the age of 8, 45.  (tell) him that no difficulty can stop people from chasing their dreams.

（9)2020届湘赣皖长郡十五校高三第二次联考

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Happy Birthday to You is a happy song, 41.  the story behind it may not be known to all. Two sisters, Mildred Hill and Dr. Patty 42. (write) a song for children 43. (call) Good Morning to All. The song was sure to be 44.  success due to45. talents. The sisters published the song in 1893.

Thirty-one years later, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song without the sisters 46. ( permit). And 47. (make) matters worse, he added a second verse, which was the familiar Happy Birthday to you.

Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse 48. (popular) the song and eventually, Happy Birthday to You, the one and only birthday song totally replaced the sisters' Good Morning to All.

After Mildred died in 1916, Patty took Mr. Coleman to court. In court, she proved that she and her sister owned the melody. Because the family 49. (legal)owns the song, they are entitled to royalties from it whenever it is sung 50. commercial purposes.

（10)2020届安徽省皖南八校高三临门一卷

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Have a go in Guizhou

Listed among the 52 places to go in the world by the New York Times in 2017 and "one of the most worthy regions in China” by CNN in 2018, Guizhou province has become a 41. (promise) travel destination.

On Oct 22, it made another big list. Lonely Planet 42.  (rank) it among the top 10 regions to visit in 2020.

With its 43.  (locate) in southwest China, Guizhou has been praised by CNN as one of China's “natural jewels". The landlocked (内陆的) region has beautiful mountains, lovely lakes and distinctive karst (喀斯特)landforms.

Visitors can see an amazing view of 700,000 cherry trees in bloom in March. The area also boasts Asia's tallest waterfall, Huangguoshu, and Asia's longest cave, Shuanghe Cave. The China Tour Guide website calls Guizhou an unforgettable "wonderland".

Along with this beautiful scenery, a unique local culture also makes it 44.  (particular) eye-catching. "It's a good place to experience authentic minority cultures in China,” the domestic travel agency China Highlights noted. Guizhou is home 45.  17 aboriginal ethnic groups, the Miao, Dong, Shui, Gelao, Yi and Tujia 46.  (include).

The region has a mountainous landscape, as a result of 47.  modernization has been slow to arrive, allowing many people 48.    (keep) their traditional lifestyles and cultures. For example, many of the Miao people still live in wooden houses on stilts(桩子)，while the Dong people have traditional wind and rain bridges, providing shelter from the weather.

Food varies by ethnic group—sour and spicy 49. (flavor) are common in Guizhou cuisine. “With its use of tomatoes and just a touch of chilli peppers, Guizhou cuisine is loved by anyone unwilling to try the spicier Sichuan cuisine," CNN said.

With picturesque natural scenery, colorful locals and impressive food, it’s no wonder50.   Guizhou's name translates to “precious land".

（11)2020届吉林省长春市高三质量监测（四模)

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Many schools started online courses for students to study. at home on account of the spread of COVID-19.41. , the outcome turned out to be not satisfying, because the online education required teachers to carry out live stream courses using mobile phone software and properly interact with students, which proved42. challenge for many teachers.

Some teachers discovered they left the microphones off before finishing the online courses, and others were frequently interrupted by43. (they) young children's shouting or crying. Sometimes they had to repeatedly reconnect to the platform due44. poor Internet connection,45. annoyed both the students and the teachers. Some schools offered online courses for each subject including sports. Teachers found it awkward46. (give) instructions online because many children did not have enough space to move. Some parents complained that they had to join several different chat groups of different47. (subject) . They also hated to accompany their children taking online courses just to make sure their children were48. (full) concentrated instead of49. (play) video games.

Schools should not put any unnecessary academic burden on primary and secondary students through online classes, the Ministry of Education said on Wednesday. It was recommended that online courses50. (link) to infection prevention and psychological health guidance.

（12)2020届山西省太原市高三年级模拟试题

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Culture conflicts can occur anytime you travel, but every once in a while they happen in some truly unexpected ways. From shopping with many coins to 41.  (light) up a cigarette outdoors, these are strange and embarrassing travel mistakes 42.  (travel) would do their best to avoid. For example,    43.  is illegal to feed pigeons on the streets of San Francisco. The city 44.  (know) for the Golden Gate Bridge blames the common birds for spreading disease and damaging property. Anyone    45.  is caught providing food to San Francisco's pigeons could face a heavy fine. Moreover, citizens    46.  (encourage) to report pigeon feeders to the city's police department. For another example, you'd better think twice before you smoke in Singapore. Singapore has 47.  (serious) smoking penalty（处罚)in the world. Smoking in public will earn a tough fine. More 48.  (surprise), if you' re shopping in Canada, don't expect cashiers 49.  (accept) many coins as your sole method of payment. According to Canada's Currency Act, stores can legally refuse excessive amounts 50.  coins. With pennies, for example, customers' payments may be rejected if they try to use more than 25 0ne-cent coins at a time.

（13)2020届江西省南昌市高三第三次模拟考试

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单间或括号内单词的正确形式

Our homes deserve a thorough cleaning at least once a year. Here are ways to deep clean your house.

If your closet (衣帽间) looks like a mass of balled up clothes, you can start by 41.  (take) clothes out by sections, and rearranging them 42.  the basis of usage. Unnecessary clothing items that are eating up space can 43.  (put) in a bag and kept aside for donations. Scarves for the ladies and ties for the 44.  (gentleman) can go into hangers for easy access.

We often miss out fans and air conditioners. With changing seasons, there 45.  (exist) a higher risk of catching a cold or flu, and a fan with dust can further increase that risk. Therefore, take a wet cloth and wipe off your fan 46.  (careful). As for your air conditioner, seeking professional service is probably the 47.  (good) option.

Lastly, properly clean your carpets and sofas with 48.  steam iron. Smaller carpets can be washed with water and detergent (洗涤剂), 49.  you really need a particular device to clean the larger ones. 50.  (remove) oily marks, you could use a solution of vinegar, water, dishwasher liquid, and baking soda to get rid of them.

（14)2020届江西省重点中学协作体高三第二次联考

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Walt Disney, creator of the Disney Empire, was a pioneer in modem entertainment. Among his numerous 41.  (contribute) to the film industry is the concept of the nature documentary that he termed True-Life Adventures. Disney sent camera teams into wilderness areas for extended periods in order to film the natural world. Now entire television networks like National Geographic arc devoted 42. the nature documentary, with 43.  viewers are able to experience the natural world in exciting and creative ways.

Aerial (空中的)photographers require skill and 44. adventure) courage to take appealing photos of wildlife that will improve people's appreciation of 45.  natural world and perhaps advance scientific knowledge of animal behavior.

Aerial photography 46. (accomplish) using hot air balloons, small aircraft or helicopters. When 47. (photograph) from a plane or a helicopter, the photographer can lean out to take the unique views with the passenger side door removed. Of course, the photographer is secured inside the aircraft.

The job of an aerial photographer isn't always exciting. Remember that the air temperature48. (decrease) with altitude so an aerial photographer often wears insulated clothing and49. (possible) even a face mask while being exposed to the wind 50. (produce) by the moving aircraft. The photographer can spend hours being cold and uncomfortable without encountering one special scene that will light up the editor's eyes.

（15)2020届河北省石家庄市第二中学高三6月高考全仿真测试

阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Olympic and Paralympic medals for the Tokyo 2020 Games will be made from recycled mobile phones donated by the public.

Olympic host cities have 41.  (tradition) obtained the metal from mining firms. But Japan, 42.  lacks its own mineral resources, is keen on taking the theme of a sustainable future a step 43.  (far).

“A project which allows the people of Japan 44.  (participate) in creating the medals is really good, and helps raise the environmental awareness of our citizens,” said Tokyo 2020 sports 45.  (direct) Koji Murofushi. “46.  the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. This program is setting an example.”

Collection boxes have been placed in local offices and telecom stores and they will remain there until the metal required 47.  (collect).

Members of the organizing committee put forward the idea to government officials and companies earlier this year and won their support.

As a result, the medals hanging around Olympic winners’ necks will carry even more meaning 48.  usual. People’s personal memories, once 49.  (store) in their smart phones and other handheld devices, will take the round shape of an Olympic medal, one of the most precious 50.  (prize) in sport.