2023英语高考命题总复习----形容词和副词

考点三 形容词和副词

第一步 精准刷题

（一）单句语法填空

1.(2021·新高考I卷）It will________ （undoubted) help you get refreshed!

2.(2021·新高考I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the________（hot) the spring!

3.(2021·全国乙卷）Provide________（finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.

4.(2021·浙江高考）When the house was built, it was much________（small) than it is today.

5.(2021·全国甲卷）In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust________（much).

6.(2021·全国乙卷）What's more, doing housework can be a form of________（mentally) relaxation from study.

7.(2022·浙江省诸暨市高三诊断性考试）Hundreds of acres of historic inner suburbs have been flattened and still lie empty and________（desert).

8.(2022·河南省九师联盟高三质量检测）He has delivered________（power) speech from 124 meters below the ocean's surface.

9.(2022·重庆市南开中学高三第四次质量检测）As an iconic________（culture) element of the Olympic Games, the torch relay plays a significant role in promoting the host's international image while spreading the message of peace, solidarity, friendship and health.

10.(2022·辽宁省铁岭市高三摸底考试）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集）around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉）that populations are________（high) than they actually are.

11.(2021·浙江省台州市高三调研）A focus on quality would make us likely to pay________（much) for better-made items, which would reduce the desire to keep shopping, while slowing demand for fast fashion overall.

12.(2022·湖北省武汉市部分学校高三质量检测）Some stage schools give their children too much________（profession) work at such a young age.

13.(2022·浙江省高三英语适应性模拟）After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into________（recent) burned areas to feed on these newly available foods.

14.(2022·辽宁省六校高三联考）The ban comes less than a week after Didi went public on the New York Stock Exchange in the________（big) US share offering by a Chinese company since Alibaba debuted in 2014.

15.(2021·江苏滨海学校高三模拟）The young athlete hurt his foot in the race; ________（consequent),he missed the chance to get the gold medal.

16.(2021·辽宁三校二模）________（fortunate), I brought my speech to a nice conclusion.

17.(2022·重庆市巴蜀中学高三月考）The aim of the project is to encourage parents to be more involved in their children's education and overall growth, though taking the course is________（option).

18.(2022·福建省泉州市高三质量检测（－）Already famous at home, they have received of________（globe) attention as well.

19.(2022·湖南师范大学附属中学高三期末）The makeup of British families has Changed________（rapid) over the last two hundred years.

20.(2022·重庆实验外国语学校高三摸底考试）And________（final), after the fall of the Soviet Union, academics in that region became involved increasingly in the study of the trade routes of Central Asia.

21.(2022·广东广州高三月考）Mohandas Gandhi is called the national father of India; that's because he fought for India to get freedom in a________（peace) way.

22.(2022·河北百师联盟高三联考）A prototype flying AirCar________（successful) completed a test flight between two cities in Slovakia.

23.(2022·浙江省桐庐中学高－12月份阶段性测试）The idea here is that travelers are________（good) at exploring the world than tourists.

24.(2022·山东省青岛市第五十八中学高三期中考试）Assignments and tests will keep many of you up late at night, and you may plan to make up for your________（lose) sleep during the weekends.

25.(2022·江苏南京师范附属中学高三测试）China's Henan Province made headlines as it was hit with heavy rains, which left people dead, missing and________（severe) affected.

26.(2022·山东师范附属中学高三摸底考试）________（doubt), Earth is becoming warmer and there is strong evidence of what causes the dramatic change in the global climate.

27.(2022·江苏省泰州中学高三摸底检测）Not surprisingly, scientists find that a sense of humor is one of the most

________（desire)characters in a partner.

28.(2022·重庆市高三诊断性测试）The researchers then________（far) looked at how the behavior of an individual ant affected traffic.

29.(2022·浙江名校协作体高三联考）Of the three, Xishuangbanna has the________（large) number of Asian elephants.

30.(2022·广东省高三省级联考）A fabric Chinese national flag and a drawing of mascots of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympies and Paralympic Winter Games are________（notice) in the landing platform's picture.

答案:

1.undoubtedly［句意：它无疑将会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help,应用副词，undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填 undoubtedly.]

2.hotter [句意：关于温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和！此处是固定结构“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越·,越。。。”。故填 hotter.]

3.financial [句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。修饰设空后名词aid应用形容词。故填 financial.]

4.smaller [句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。根据设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填smaller.]

5.most [句意：在我看来，遇到困难时，我们应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助。此处指最相信的人，指程度。故填most.]

6.mental [句意：此外，做家务可以是一种从学习中获得精神放松的方式。修饰名词relaxation 应用形容词。故填mental.]

7.deserted [句意：数百英亩的历史悠久的近郊被夷为平地，仍然空无一人。设空处与empty-起作系动词lie(处于某种状态）的表语，应用形容词。故填 deserted.]

8.powerful [句意：他在海平面以下124米的地方发表有力的演讲。修饰名词speech,应用形容词。故填 powerful.]

9.cultural [句意：作为奥运会的标志性文化元素，火炬传递在传播和平、团结、友谊和健康的信息的同时，对提升主办国的国际形象发挥着重要作用。修饰名词element应用形容词。故填 cultural.]

10.higher [句意：科学家们对此的回应是，饥饿的熊可能聚集在人类居住区周围，这导致了一种错觉，即熊的数量比实际数量要多。根据设空后than 可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填higher.]

11.more [句意：对质量的关注让我们在高品质的衣物上可能花费更多，这将减少持续购物的欲望，同时也减慢对快时尚的需求。根据句意可知，高品质的衣物价格更高，此处应用形容词的比较级，与设空后的 better-made相对应。故填 more.]

12.professional [句意：有些戏剧学校在孩子很小的时候就给了他们太多专业性的工作。修饰名词 work 应用形容词，professional work“专业性的工作，专业工作，业务”，这里具体指专业的正式演出。故填professional]

13.recently [句意：森林火灾后，许多野生动物会迁移到最近被烧毁的地区，以这些新得到的食物为食。此处应用副词，修饰形容词 burned.故填recently]

14.biggest [句意；禁令发生于滴滴在纽约证交所上市不到一周内。这是自2014年阿里巴巴上市以来，中国企业在美国发行的最大规模股票。结合句意和定冠词the可知，此处应用big的最高级作定语，修饰名词词组 US share.故填biggest.]

15.consequeatly[句意：这位年轻运动员在比赛中伤了脚；因此，他失去了获得金牌的机会。在句中作状语，应用副词。故填consequently.]

16.Fortunately[句意：幸运的是，我给我的演讲画上了一个圆满的句号。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。且设空处置于句首，首字母应大写。故填 Fortunately.]

17.optional[句意：该项目的目的是鼓励家长更多地参与到孩子的教育和全面成长中来，尽管选择这一课程是非强制性的。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词，意为“可选择的，非必须的”。故填optional]

18.global [句意：在国内已经出名的他们，也受到了全球的关注。修饰名词 attention 应用形容词。故填global.]

19.rapidly [句意：在过去的200年里，英国人的家庭组成结构发生了快速的变化。修饰动词 changed应用副词。故填 rapidly.]

20.finally [句意：最后，在苏联解体后，该地区的学者越来越多地参与到中亚贸易路线的研究中。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子。故填 finally.]

21. peaceful［句意：莫汉达斯·甘地被称为印度国父；那是因为他以和平的方式为印度争取自由。修饰名词way应用形容词。In a peaceful way 表示“以和平的方式”。故填peaceful]

22.successfully [句意：飞行汽车原型机在斯洛伐克的两个城市之间成功地完成了试飞。修饰动词 completed 应用副词。故填successfully.]

23.better [句意；这里的观点是旅行者比游客更擅长探索世界。根据设空后的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填better.]

24.lost [句意：作业和考试会让你们中的许多人熬夜到很晚，你可能会在周末弥补你失去的睡眠。此处用形容词lost来修饰名词sleep,故填lost.]

25.severely [句意：中国河南省近日遭遇暴雨袭击，造成多人死亡、失踪，影响严重，成为新闻头条。修饰动词 affected 应用副词。故填severely.]

26.Undoubtedly [句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。修饰整个句子应用副词，且设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填 Undoubtedly.]

27.desirable [根据设空前 the most以及设空后名词 characters可知，设空处应用形容词作定语。故填desirable.]

28.further [句意：研究人员随后进一步研究了蚂蚁个体行为是如何影响交通的。结合句意可知，此处指在先前的研究基础之上，进一步研究，应用比较级。故填further.]

29.largest [句意：在这三个地区中，西双版纳的亚洲象数量最多。根据上文“Of the three”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级。故填largest.]

30.noticeable [句意：在着陆台的图片上，可以看到中国国旗和北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会吉祥物的图案。此处作表语应用形容词。故填 noticeable.]

（二）单句表达

1.(2022·广东省深圳市高三第一次质量检测）当他们偶尔想买一些他们买不起的东西时，我有时会借给他们下个星期的零用钱。

When they________________ would want to buy something that they________________，I would sometimes let them borrow from the next week's allowance.

2.(2022·广东广州高三联合测试）在你一直想知道的20件小事中，有一件可能与你牛仔裤上的第五个小口袋有关。

Out of the 20 little things you've always wondered about, one________________ the small fifth pocket on your jeans.

3.(2022·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三摸底考试）以中国古代神话中的火神命名的“祝融号”火星车于当天晚上7点18分左右成功着陆火星。

The Zhurong rover named after a god of fire in Ancient Chinese mythology________________ on the Red Planet around 7:18 pm.

4.(2022·河北省百师联盟高三摸底考试）把动物留在它们的自然家园－野外－是比较仁慈的。

________________ leave the animals in their natural home-the wild.

5.(2022·广州外国语学校、广州大学附中、广州铁一中高三第一次联考）第二天，上课开始时，贝拉小姐问谁将勇敢地第一个去。

The next day, as the lesson began, Miss Bella asked who was going to________________.

6.(2021·河南六市高三第二次调研）深空环境极其独特，预计将产生更强烈的遗传效应。

The deep space environment________________ and is expected to produce________________ genetic effects.

7.(2022·湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高三联考）不幸的是，即使友谊达到了更深的层次，冲突仍会继续发生，并可能破坏一段关系。

________________，even when the friendship reaches________________, conflict continues to happen and can break apart a relationship.

8.(2022·江苏省南京市秦淮区中华中学高三摸底考试）在后院，第一次尝试让它们活着失败后，它们被倒回了水中。

After the first disastrous attempts to________________ in the back yard, they were tipped back into the water.

9.(2022·广东省深圳市高三第一次联考）它（熊猫）的活动范围目前被限制在其历史活动范围的西部边缘的一小部分。

Its range________________ a small portion on the western edge of its historical range.

10.(2022·广东省高三联考）此外，在这张照片中，可以清楚地看到祝融号火星车在火星表面的足迹。

Also in this photo, the tracks of Zhurong on the surface can________________.

11.(2022·广东惠州高三第一次调研）我告诉他，唯一比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来亲我并道晚安。

I told him that________________ a bear attack was Papa Bear coming in to kiss me good-night.

12.(2022·河北五校联盟高三摸底考试）他培育了一种杂交水稻，年产量比其他品种高20%.

He developed a hybrid strain of rice that recorded an annual yield________________ other species.

13.(2022·湖北高三月考）锻炼有时看起来是一件苦差事，特别当我们经常被告知我们应该多锻炼的时候。

Exercise might seem like a chore sometimes, ________________ we get told so often that we should exercise more.

14.(2022·湖南衡阳综合模拟）该遗址提供了强有力的证据，中国文明始于5,000年前，比之前认为的早了1,000年。

The site provides strong evidence that Chinese civilization started 5,000 years ago,1,000 years________________

15.(2022·江苏淮安高三调研）因为岩石似乎很大、埋得很深，所以它被认为是不可移动的、牢固的。

Because the rock had appeared to be large and deep, it was treated as________________.

答案:

1.occasionally;coulda't quite afford

2.probably has to do with

3.successfully touched down

4.It is kinder to

5.be brave and go first

6.is extremely unique; even stronger

7.Unfortunately; a deeper level

8.keep them alive

9.is currenly restricted to

10.be clearly seen

11.the only thing scarier than

12.20% higher than

13.particularly/especially when

14.earlier than previously thought

15.immovable and strong

（三）翻译

1.(2021·广东深圳高三五模）这些茶壶传递热量更慢，更能承受热量。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

2.(2021·山东济宁高三三模）但也许最引人注目的是，我们也相互依赖。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

3.(2022·江苏省泰州中学高三摸底检测）然而，这个有用的机构却越来越不受欢迎。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

4.(2022·江苏省扬州市宝应中学高三检测）但是训练大脑去记住和练习重要信息是我们个人发展的一个重要部分。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

5.(2022·山东省济南市莱芜一中高三月考）它们开车会比人更安全，在紧急情况下也有更快的反应时间。

____________________________________________________________________________________________

1.These teapots transferred heat much slower and were more endurable of heat.

2. But perhaps most strikingly, we also rely on each other.

3.Yet this useful establishment is growing increasingly unpopular.

4.But the training of the mind to remember and exercise crucial pieces of information is a vital part of our personal development.

5.They would drive more safely than people and they have quicker reaction time in case of an emergency.

第二步 精深学习

［精讲］

一、形容词和副词的基本用法

1.形容词的基本用法：在句中可作定语（前置定语、后置定语）、表语、

宾补和状语。

2.副词的基本用法：在句中作状语，可修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子。

二、形容词、副词的比较级

Henry is a worker as good as Peter(is).

＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is).

It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science,

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.

The taller of the two boys is my brother.

三、形容词、副词的最高级

1.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.

He works(the) hardest in his class.

2.最高级可被序数词以及 much, by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really, nothing like 等词语所修饰。

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

This is by far the best movie that I have ever seen.

四、比较级的修饰词

常见的修饰词有much, a lot, a great deal, far, even, a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中），具体的数据等。但是 very/quite/fairly一般不用来修饰比较级。

He is much taller than Yao Ming.

五、几种带有否定词的比较句型

1.no better than 表示“和·····一样；实际等于·.....”。

The patient is no better than he was yesterday.

2.no more...than 表示“同·一样不·”。

A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.

3.no less...than 表示“和····一样···;不逊于···.·”。

The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.

六、比较级表达最高级含义

1.“否定词＋比较级”有最高级的含义。

Your story is perfect; I've never heard a better one before.

2.比较级在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义。

比较级＋than+ any other+单数名词

比较级＋than+ all other+复数名词

比较级＋than+ anyone/anything else

比较级＋than+ any of the other+复数名词

比较级＋than +the rest of+rest of+复数名词或不可数名词

如：朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。（一句多译）

①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.

②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.

③Julia is taller than anyone else in her class.

④Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.

⑤Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.

⑥Julia is the tallest girl in her class.

七、比较级的其他常见形式

1.“比较级＋and+比较级”表示“越来越··...·”。如：

The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.

2.用介词by表示相差的程度。如：

She is taller than I by three inches.

＝She is three inches taller than I.

3.一个人所具有的两种性质的比较，用more...than...结构，意为“与其······不如······”。如：

－Ann acts quite unfriendly.

－I think she's more shy than unfriendly. ( more shy 不可变为shyer或

shier)

八、倍数表达法

1.A is倍数＋比较级＋than +B

2.A is+倍数＋as+原级＋as+ B

3.A is +倍数＋the+名词（size, length, height等）＋of +B

4.the+名词（size, length, height等）＋of A is+倍数＋that+ of+ B

5.A is+倍数＋what引导的名词性从句。如：

长江是珠江的三倍长。（一句多译）

①The Yangtze River is three times longer than the Pearl River.

②The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.

③The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.

④The length of the Yangtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.

⑤The Yangtze River is three times what the length of the Pearl River is.

九、形容词作定语时的位置

1.通常置于所修饰的词之前，但不定代词的定语通常在后面。如：

Someone strange is asking to see you.

Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.

2.else 常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语。如：

No one else can answer the question.

3.多个形容词作定语时的词序为：大小、长短、高低、形状／年龄、新旧颜色／来源、国籍、地区、出处／材料／用途。如：

an expensive Japanese sports car

three beautiful large square old brown wood table

［检测］

（一）单句语法填空

1.(2022·山东省济南市莱芜一中高三月考）All participants were good sleepers who didn't typically nap and did not suffer from________ （excess) sleepiness during the day.

2.(2022·浙江省百校高三摸底考试）From Mario Kart to Call of Duty, most people enjoy an________（occasion) video game here and there.

3.(2022·福建省泉州市高三质量检测（一））They also use drones to watch them________（close).

4.(2022·江苏省南京市第一中学高三上学期期初摸底考试）Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious when they're in________（poor) lit places and so more likely to eat lots of food.

5.(2022·江苏省宿迁青华中学高三第二次月考）After the COVID-19 outbreak, Wang gave online lectures on paper cutting, attracting 100,000 viewers and teaching students________（able) to attend school how to cut the images of medical workers from paper.

6.(2022·河北百师联盟高三联考）This will have a much________（power) engine that is capable of a cruising speed of 300 kph and a range of 1,000 kilometres.

7.(2022·江苏省扬州市宝应中学高三月考）The Frangipani family________（apparent) turned the structure into a castle.

8.(2022·广东佛山高三月考）His wife came down with cancer nine years ago, and doctors thought she'd have just five years to live; ________，the couple have remained strong.

9.(2022·广东广州五中高三月考）There was nobody around me for miles; ________（actual), that wasn't entirely true.

10.(2022·河北省级联测）It happened________（sudden) when I least expected it.

1.excessive [句意：所有参与者都是睡眠良好的人，他们通常不午睡，白天也没有过度的困倦。修饰名词，应用形容词。故填excessive.]

2.occasional [句意：从《马里奥赛车》到《使命的召唤》，大多数人喜欢随处玩一种临时的电子游戏。修饰名词 video game 应用形容词。故填 occasional.]

3.closely［句意：他们还使用无人机密切监视。修饰动词watch应用副词。故填 closely.]

4.poorly [句意：黑暗的环境更容易导致暴饮暴食，因为人们在光线不好的地方往往不那么难为情，所以更有可能吃很多食物。修饰过去分词lit应用副词。故填poorly.]

5.unable [句意：新冠疫情爆发后，王在网上举办了剪纸讲座，吸引了10万名观众，并教无法上学的孩子如何在纸上剪出医务工作者的图像。此处表示“无法的，不能的”，应用形容词 unable.故填 unable.]

6.powerful [句意：这将有一个非常强大的引擎，能够使巡航速度达到300公里每小时、巡航范围1,000公里。修饰名词engine应用形容词。故填powerful.]

7.apparently [句意：弗兰吉帕尼家族显然把这座建筑变成了一座城堡。修饰动词turned应用副词。故填 apparently.]

8.however [句意：他的妻子九年前患了癌症，医生认为她只剩五年时间了；然而，这对夫妇仍然很强壮。设空前后是转折关系，应用表示转折含义的副词however.故填 however.]

9.actually [句意：我周围几英里都没有人；事实上，这并不完全正确。修饰设空后句子应用副词。故填 actual]

10.suddenly [句意；它在我最意想不到的时候突然发生了。修饰谓语动词 happened应用副词。故填suddenly.]

（二）语法填空

（2022·重庆南开中学高三月考）Differences in lifestyles and personalities result in roommate conflicts. One person likes quiet, while the other person turns up his sound system to the point  1  the whole room trembles.

Most roommate conflicts spring from such small,   2  （annoy) differences rather than from major disagreements  3  abstract philosophical principles. However, if not  4  (deal) with carefully, they will  5 (eventual) tear roommates apart. Roommate conflicts do harm to students' psychological health and cause depression. In extreme cases, roommate conflicts can lead to serious violence,  6  they did at Harvard last spring: One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. So far, many schools  7  (start) conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode,  8  （result) in physical violence. Some colleges have turned to “roommate contracts" that all new students have to sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations. The contracts cover terms like  9  (accept) hours for study and sleep and a policy for use of each other's  10  （belong),etc.

1. ________      2. ________      3. ________      4. ________      5. ________     

6. ________      7. ________      8. ________      9. ________      10. ________     

答案:

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活方式和个性的差异导致了室友间的冲突，室友冲突对学生的心理健康有害，导致抑郁。到目前为止，许多学校已经开始了冲突解决项目，以平息紧张局势。

1.where [考查定语从句的引导词。句意；一个人喜欢安静，而另一个人则把音响调到整个房间都在颤抖的程度。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 point,先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where 引导。故填 where.]

2,annoying[考查词性转换。修饰名词 differences,指物，应用形容词。故填 annoying. ]

3.on [考查介词。句意：大多数室友间的冲突都源于如此小面恼人的差异，而不是在抽象的哲学原则上的重大分歧。disagreement on表示“在。。·上有分歧”。故填on. ]

4.dealt [考查非谓语动词。deal与逻辑主语 they 构成被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填 dealt. ]

5.eventually [考查词性转换。句意：然而，如果不小心处理，它们最终会把室友们分开。修饰动词短语 tear. apart 应用副词。故填eventually.]

6.as [考查连词。句意；在极端情况下，室友间的冲突可能会导致严重的暴力行为，正如去年春天在哈佛大学发生的事情那样：一名学生在自杀前杀死了她的室友。设空处引导方式状语从句，表示“正如”应用as.故填as.]

7.have started [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，许多学校已经开始了冲突解决项目，以平惠紧张局势，否则，紧张局势可能会像准备爆发的火山一样积聚起来，导致肢体暴力。根据上文so far可知，应用现在完成时，主语为 many schools,助动词应用 have.故填 have started. ]

8.resulting [考查非谓语动词。result与逻辑主语 tensions 构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填resulting.]

9.acceptable [考查词性转换。句意：这些合同包括学习和睡眠的可接受时间，以及使用彼此财产的政策等条款。修饰名词 hours应用形容词。故填 acceptable.]

10.belongings [考查词性转换。设空处作other’s的宾语，表示“财产”应用名词复数。故填 belongings]