主题03 中考英语重难题型热点主题时文押题组合练

中考英语重难题型

热点主题时文押题组合练03

001   A阅读理解     鸭子跑完马拉松等四则趣闻 

002   B阅读理解     “儿童反塑料”活动  

003   C阅读理解     传奇校长张桂梅的故事  

004   D任务型阅读   飞行机器人 

005   E完形填空     移植猪心第一人  

006   F短文填空     “考古”小兔立大功

A阅读理解

主题：鸭子跑完马拉松等四则趣闻

1 George is interested in making model railways because          .

A. he works as a train driver

B. he grew up near the railway

C. his father was a train driver

D. he likes taking trains to work

2 Why did Wrinkle become popular?

A. Because it ran fast.

B. Because it got on a train.

C. Because it finished the marathon.

D. Because it lost its way in the street.

3 What did someone do 110 years ago according to the third news?

A. Someone sold a book.

B. Someone bought a book.

C. Someone borrowed a book.

D. Someone gave a book back.

4 Why did Emily win a new bed?

A. Because she didn't have a bed at all.

B. Because she wanted to have a new bed.

C. Because her bedroom was the cleanest.

D. Because her bedroom was the messiest.

5 Which word may be the best to describe the four pieces of news?

B阅读理解

主题：“儿童反塑料”活动

Amy Meek is 18 years old and Ella Meek is 16 years old. The sisters started Kids Against Plastic, a charity. The sisters＇idea comes from one of the 17 global goals （全球 目标）.The United Nations made the goals. World leaders promised to try to meet these goals by 2030.

When Amy and Ella started to read about the problem of plastic waste（塑料垃圾），“The problem is so serious that we feel worried,” they wrote.* Their parents were surprised when they were told about their idea.

They wanted to ask the supermarkets in the UK to stop using plastic water bottles. They also made a decision: to pick up 100,000 pieces of rubbish. They wanted to save sea animals because every year many sea animals die because of eating plastic.

In 2021,the sisters started Plastic Clever Schools, a plan to help schools to use less plastic. Amy Meek said, “No matter（无论） what our age is，whoever we are，we could still make a difference and we hope we can ask others to join us on the trip and take action, together.”

1 What did Amy Meek and Ella Meek start the charity for?

A. Doing better in school.

B. Fighting against plastic.

C. Helping keeping animals.

D. Helping parents with their work.

2 How did the parents feel about their girls' idea?

3 In Paragraph 3,we can see how the sisters

A. used plastic in their life

B. started Kids Against Plastic

C. fought against plastic waste

D. worked hard at their lessons

4 In the last paragraph, the sisters may want us          .

A. to take a school trip

B. to join a school club

C. to use less plastic

D. to help save sea animals

C阅读理解

主题：传奇校长张桂梅的故事

In 2008, Zhang Guimei set up a senior high school. Girls who can't go to senior high schools after finishing junior high schools can go to her school.*

In the autumn of 2020, Zhang bought the best milk tea she could find for all the students in her school. She surprised all 468 of her students. It was their “first cup of milk tea in autumn”.

When the milk tea arrived, all the students became excited. Zhang Guimei said,“ I hope one day these children can drink whatever （无论什么） they want when they walk on streets.”

Zhang not only cares about her students all the time, but also stays by their side as they go about their day at school.

Zhang， with her loudspeaker （喇叭）in hand，calls her students to finish all seven school routines every day, getting the nickname（绰号）“Zhang Qihan”，or“Zhang who calls seven times”.

“The seven routines are: getting up, washing, singing, having a meal, taking an afternoon nap, sleeping and saying good night," said Yang Jingjing, a student from the school.

During every year's gaokao, Zhang would also go with her students to the exam site to keep them safe. “Don't be afraid, girls. I will be waiting outside for you all,” Zhang said

1 What school did Zhang Guimei set up in 2008?

A. A primary school.

B. A junior high school.

C. A senior high school.

D.A college.

2 We can learn from Paragraph 3 that Zhang Guimei             .

A. liked drinking milk tea very much

B. wanted to make her students healthy

C. taught her students how to make milk tea

D. hoped her students could stay away from being poor

3 How many school routines are there in Zhang's school?

4 What did Zhang do when her students went to the gaokao exam site?

A. She had a big rest.

B. She stayed at school.

C. She waited outside for her students.

D. She talked with her students' parents

D任务型阅读

主题：飞行机器人 

Scientists in the US have built a robot that can land in trees, just like a bird. They plan to match robots with drones（无人驾驶飞机）so they can land in different places. This not only helps drones save energy, but also lets them get a closer look at animals and plants in hard-to-reach places such as treetops.

Mark Cutkosky and David Lentink have made the flying robot. The robot's legs look like peregrine falcons＇（游隼）.However， its landing mechanism （机制） comes from other small birds. The scientists saw how these birds always landed in the same way, so (A) they__________（制造了这个机器人）in this way. When it lands on a branch（树枝），the sensor（传感器）in the robot＇s feet works to balance it and stop it from falling.

In a video for Stanford University,(B) Cutkosky told people how they got a robot to act like a bird.“In the natural environment， it＇s difficult to control （控制） something，” he says. “In a lab we can control everything.”During COVID-19,Cutkosky went to the countryside in the US state of Oregon. He(C)was able to let the robot fly and land in a real forest.

阅读短文，根据短文内容完成下列任务。

一、根据短文内容简要回答问题。

1 What does the robot act like when landing in trees?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

2 Who has made the flying robot?

____________________________________________________________________________________________

二、英汉互译。

3（A）汉译英：________________________________________________________________________________

4（B）英译汉：_________________________________________________________________________________

三、写出画线（C）部分的同义词。

5___________________________________________________________________________________________

E完形填空

主题：移植猪心第一人

For the first time in history，doctors transplanted（移植） a pig's heart into a human. It brought  1  to many people with serious illness.

The patient was 57-year-old David Bennet from Maryland, US. He was  2  sick that he had to have a new heart. So  3  at the hospital used a modified（改良的）pig heart. They wanted to try to save the man＇s.  4  .

Earlier tries at such a transplant didn’t succeed （成功）.However, Bennet was doing.  5  And Friday's transplant showed for the first time that a modified animal heart could  6  in the human body without problems.* The seven-hour transplant was an important step in  7  animal organs （器官） for life-saving transplants. However， it＇s too  8  if the transplant will work well. And they don't know how long David Bennet will  9  .

A US medical authority（医疗机构）allowed the doctors to do the special transplant  10  Bennet had a serious heart trouble. He couldn't live if they didn't transplant a pig's heart into Bennet.

F短文填空

主题：“考古”小兔立大功

The European rabbits were digging a hole（洞） when they kicked up two ancient artifacts：a 3,750-year-old pottery（陶器）piece from a burial（埋葬）box and  1  9,000-year-old tool. Ancient people might use the tool  2 (make) food. The island's police saw the two artifacts at the door of the hole, and then sent  3  (picture) to a local scientist.

“These are the  4  (one) ancient tools found on this island,” scientist Toby Driver says. “So overnight, these rabbits changed  5  (we) understanding by showing that ancient people visited or lived in this faraway place.*”

Rabbits dig holes  6  themselves and their babies to keep safe. Scientists think the rabbits dug into an ancient burial mound by chance. The burial mound  7   (be) on top of an older place where ancient people hunted  8  cooked. But these rabbits aren't always working hard. “They  9  (real) love to lie on the grass with their legs behind them,” island police Giselle Eagle says.“  10  (thank) to the rabbits! They have finally dug right into the history books!”

根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的词（不多于1个词）或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

1.____________  2. ____________  3. ____________  4. ____________  5. ____________ 

6.____________  7. ____________  8. ____________  9. ____________  10. ____________ 

答案解析

A阅读理解

四则趣闻：英国最大的铁路模型；鸭子跑完马拉松；110年前借出的书归还了；八岁女孩因最凌乱的卧室而赢得奖品。

1．B 推理判断题。由第一栏中的George made the UK's largest model railway...George grew up near the railway..可推知，乔治对铁路模型感兴趣是因为他在铁路边长大。

2．C 细节理解题。由第二栏中的Wrinkle ran past them and to the finish line. The video of Wrinkle's running is popular.可知，鸭子 Wrinkle受欢迎是因为它跑完了马拉松。

3．C 细节理解题。由第三栏中的110 years ago，someone borrowed the book New Chronicles of Rebecca in a US library．可知，有人110年前借了这本书。

4．D 细节理解题。由第四栏中的She is the first in a competition to find the UK's messiest bedroom of 2021．She won a new bed．可知，埃米莉赢得了一张新床是因为其卧室凌乱。

5．A 推理判断题。通读全文，由这四则新闻的内容可推知，用surprising“令人吃惊的；出人意料的”描述这些新闻最合适。

★难句分析

People cheered as Wrinkle ran past them and to the finish line.当温克尔跑过他们并到达终点线时，人们欢呼起来。

People cheered是主句，as的意思是“当······时”，引导时间状语从句；finish line的意思是“终点线”。

B阅读理解

埃米和埃拉发起了“儿童反塑料”活动，她们的灵感来自联合国制定的17个全球目标之一。姐妹俩还发起了“塑料智慧学校”计划，旨在帮助学校少用塑料。

1．B 细节理解题。由第一段中的 The sisters＇started Kids Against Plastic，a charity.可知，埃米和埃拉 创办该慈善组织的目的在于反对滥用塑料。

2．D 细节理解题。由第二段中的 Their parents were surprised when they were told about their idea.可 知，这对父母对孩子们的想法感到惊讶。

3．C 推理判断题。由第三段中的to stop using plastic water bottles...to pick up 100,000 pieces of rubbish...to save sea animals可知，第三段主要讲 了姐妹俩如何与塑料垃圾作斗争。

4．C 推理判断题。由最后一段中的a plan to help schools to use less plastic...we can ask others to join us on the trip and take action 可知，姐妹俩希望人们少用塑料。

★难句分析

When Amy and Ella started to read about the problem of plastic waste,“ The problem is so serious that we feel worried，”they wrote.当埃米和埃拉开始阅读有关塑料垃圾的问题时，她们写道：“这个问题非常严重，我们感到担心。”

they wrote是主句；直接引语是宾语从句；在宾语从句中，so..that引导结果状语从句；句子开头When引导时间状语从句。

C阅读理解

2008年，张桂梅创办了一所高中，初中毕业后不能上高中的女孩可以去她的学校上学。本文讲述了张桂梅关爱学生，培养学生良好的学习和生活习惯的若干实例。

1．C 细节理解题。由第一段中的Girls who can＇t go to senior high schools after finishing junior high schools can go to her school.可知，张桂梅创办了一所高中。

2．D 推理判断题。由第三段中的I hope one day these children can drink whatever they want when they walk on streets.可知，张桂梅希望学生远离贫困。

3．C 细节理解题。由第五段中的Zhang，with her loudspeaker in hand, calls her students to finish all seven school routines every day可知，张桂梅的学 校有七项学校常规。

4．C 细节理解题。由最后一段中的Don＇t be afraid，girls. I will be waiting outside for you all 可知，学 生们参加高考时，张桂梅在考场外面等她们。

★难句分析

Girls who can't go to senior high schools after finishing junior high schools can go to her school.初中 毕业后不能上高中的女孩可以去她的学校上学。

Girls..can go to her school是主句，who can＇t go to senior high schools after finishing junior high schools 是定语从句，修饰Girls。

D任务型阅读

美国科学家制造了一种可以像鸟一样降落在树上的机器人。他们计划将机器人连接到无人机上，这样它们就可以降落在不同的地方，这有利于近距离地观察（人们）难以到达的地方的动植物。

1．A bird． 由第一段中的Scientists in the US have built a robot that can land in trees, just like a bird. 可知，该机器人可以像鸟一样降落在树上。

2．Mark Cutkosky and David Lentink． 由第二段中 的 Mark Cutkosky and David Lentink have made the flying robot.可知，Mark Cutkosky与David Lentink 制造了这个飞行机器人。

3.made the robot

4．卡特科斯基告诉人们，他们如何让机器人像鸟一样行动。

5．could be able to的意思是“能够”；was是一般过去时，故用could 替换 was able to。

★难句分析

This not only helps drones save energy, but also lets them get a closer look at animals and plants in hard-to-reach places such as treetops.这不仅帮助无人机节 省能源，还让它们更近距离地观察树梢等（人们）难以到达的地方的动植物。

not only...but also...的意思是“不但······而且·····.”； get a closer look at的意思是“更近距离地观察”；such as的意思是“比如”，表示列举。

E完形填空

由于贝内特患有严重的心脏病，美国一家医疗机构允许医生进行一次特殊的移植手术，以拯救他的生命。这是人类历史上第一次将猪的心脏移植到人的体内。虽然不知道贝内特术后能活多久，但是这给许多重症患者带来了希望。

1．A 上文提及“医生将猪的心脏移植到人的体内”，下文对应表示：它给许多重症患者带来了希望。

2．D 句意：他病得很重，不得不换一颗新心脏。so...that是固定搭配，意思是“如此······以至于”。

3．B 句意：因此，医院的医生使用了一颗改良的猪心。由hospital可知，对应选 doctors。

4．C 由医生使用了改良的猪心可知，他们想尽力挽救这个人的生命。

5．A 上文提及“这种移植的早期尝试没有成功过”，下文表示转折：然而，对贝内特的移植做得很好。

6．D 句意：而且周五的移植手术首次表明，改良的动物心脏可以在人体内毫无问题地工作。work表示“起作用”。

7．B 句意：这次历时七个小时的移植手术是利用动物器官拯救生命的重要一步。use“利用”，符合语境。

8．C 句意：然而，现在说移植是否会奏效还为时过早。say“表达（见解）”，符合语境。

9．A 上文提及“现在说移植是否会奏效还为时过早”，下文对应表示：不知道戴维·贝内特能活多久。

10．C“患有严重的心脏病”与“允许做移植手术”为因果关系，故用because 引导原因状语从句。

★难句分析

And Friday's transplant showed for the first time that a modified animal heart could work in the human body without problems.而且周五的移植手术首次表明，改良的动物心脏可以在人体内毫无问题地工作。

And Friday's transplant showed for the first time 是主句；that引导宾语从句；without problem作状语，修饰前面的work。

F短文填空

欧洲某岛的兔子在挖洞时踢出两件文物：一块有3750年历史的骨灰盒陶器碎片和一件有9000年历史的可能是用来准备食物的工具。这表明古代人曾到访或居住在这个偏远的地方。

1．a 泛指tool这类事物中的任何一个，用不定冠词；9（nine）以辅音音素开头，故填a。

2．to make use sth to do sth是固定搭配，用动词不定式作use的目的状语。

3．pictures picture是可数名词，可数名词前无冠词或形容词性物主代词等限定词修饰时，用复数形式。

4．first 根据句意可知，此处用序数词，故填 first，表示“第一批”。

5．our 横线后的understanding是名词，用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填our。

6．for 句意：兔子为自己和它们的孩子挖洞以保证安全。此处应用介词for，表示动作的对象或接受者。

7．was 叙述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；mound是单数，故填was。

8．and hunted与cooked均为动词的过去式，连接并列的动作，故填and。

9．really 横线后的love是动词，应用副词修饰动词，故填really。

10．Thanks thanks to是固定搭配，意思是“多亏；归功于”。

★难句分析

So overnight, these rabbits changed our understanding by showing that ancient people visited or lived in this faraway place.所以一夜之间，通过（向我们）展示古代人曾到访或居住在这个偏远的地方，

这些兔子改变了我们的认识。

So overnight, these rabbits changed our understanding是主句；by表示方式或手段；that引导宾语从句。