2022版高考英语二轮复习 模块2 语法知识 专题3 语法考点大突破 第7讲 并列句和复合句课件

模块二　专题三　第7讲

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2021·辽宁铁岭市高三一模)Therefore, performing the lion dance became a custom ________ people could pray for good luck, safety, and happiness.

【答案】　where

【解析】　考查定语从句。句意：因此，舞狮成了一种习俗，人们以此来祈求好运、平安和幸福。此处为定语从句修饰先行词custom，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。

2．(2021·辽宁辽阳市高三一模)All cars will have breathalyzers(呼气酒精测量仪)with ________ drivers won’t be allowed to drive if they have drunk too much alcohol.

【答案】　which

【解析】　考查定语从句。句意：所有的汽车都将配备酒精测试器，如果司机喝了太多酒，就不允许驾驶。定语从句中缺少介词with的宾语，在介词with之后，且先行词为breathalyzers，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。

3．(2021·新疆高三一模)Laurent explained ________ he wanted to create artificial hearts in the future.

【答案】　why

【解析】　考查名词性从句。句意：Laurent解释了他想在未来制造人工心脏的原因。此处动词explained后面是why引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中作原因状语，用why引导该从句。故填why。

4．(2021·江西鹰潭市高三一模)________ sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the beautiful(beauty) lighting.

【答案】　What

【解析】　考查名词性从句。句意：让哈尔滨节冰雪节与众不同的是雕塑的规模和大小以及美丽的灯光。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺主语，再结合句意需用连接代词what引导。故填What。

5．(2021·河南六市高三一模)China’s rail system also operates in extreme locations such as on the plateau and desert in northwestern China as well as in cities in southern China, ________ have a 3-month rainy season every year.

【答案】　which

【解析】　考查定语从句。句意：中国的铁路系统也在一些极端地区运行，比如中国西北的高原和沙漠地区，以及中国南方的城市，这些地方每年有3个月的雨季。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是cities，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 which引导。故填which。

6．(2021·辽宁抚顺市高三一模)Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic, ________ others won’t see them.

【答案】　where或so

【解析】　考查定语从句或状语从句。句意：他们中的一些人对自己的软弱感到羞愧，并试图把买的东西藏在阁楼之类的地方，这样别人就看不见了。________ others won’t see them是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the attic，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导该从句；________ others won’t see them也可以是结果状语从句，表示“所以”，用so引导该从句，所以填where或so。

7．(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)The administration also published a black-and-white picture of Mars taken by Tianwen-1 ________ the probe was about 2.2 million kilometers from Mars.

【答案】　when

【解析】　考查状语从句。句意：国家航天局还发布了一张天问一号探测器在距离火星约220万公里时拍摄的火星黑白照片。结合句意可知，此处指“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。

8．(2021·山东省潍坊市高三二模4月)Cross country boots are attached to the ski at the toe with a binding, ________ the heel remains free.

【答案】　but或while

【解析】　考查连词。句意：越野靴的脚趾被绑在雪板上，而脚后跟保持自由。后文the heel remains free和前文Cross country boots are attached to the ski at the toe with a binding之间存在转折和对比的关系，所以可以用but或while连接。故填but或while。

9．(2021·四川省达州市普通高中第二次诊断性测试)________ they don’t practise together every move hard enough, they end up sweating all over in vain.

【答案】　If

【解析】　考查状语从句。句意：如果他们不一起努力练习每一个动作，他们最终会徒劳无功。根据句意可知，前文they don’t practise together every move hard enough是后文they end up sweating all over in vain的条件，故此处应用if引导条件状语从句。注意句子首字母要大写。故填If。

10．(2021·广东省高考试模拟测试二(广东二模4月))The Rio Carnival is without doubt something ________ everyone should add to his or her bucket list.

【答案】　that

【解析】　考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，狂欢节是每个人都应该添加到他或她的愿望清单上的东西。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为不定代词something，故用关系代词that引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故填that。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2021·江西省南昌市高三下学期第三次模拟测试)We felt very proud so it’s the longest wall and one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world.

【答案】　so→because/that/as

【解析】　考查连词。句意：我们感到非常自豪，因为它是最长的长城，也是世界上最著名的旅游景点之一。(我们感到非常自豪，它是最长的长城和世界上最著名的旅游景点之一。)We felt very proud的原因是it’s the longest wall and one of the most famous tourist attraction in the world，所以应用because或as。也可以理解为我们感到自豪的是最长的长城，也是世界上最著名的旅游景点之一，所以可用that引导表语从句。故将so改为because/that/as。

2．(2021·河南省洛阳市高三年级第三次统一考试(三模))Now not only can he enjoy the videos, and he can sing Peking Opera well.

【答案】　and→but

【解析】　考查固定短语。句意：现在他不仅能欣赏录像，而且还能把京剧唱得很好。结合句意表示“不仅……而且……”可知短语为not only...but(also)...。故将and改为but。

3．(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第三次质量预测)Since there were many competitors, I succeeded in entering the final.

【答案】　Since→Though/Although/While

【解析】　考查连词。句意：尽管有很多竞争者，我还是成功地进入了决赛。前文there were many competitors和后文I succeeded in entering the final构成转折关系，所以此处为让步状语从句。所以应用连词though，although或while表示“尽管”。故将Since改为Though/Although/While。

4．(2021·四川省南充市高三下学期第三次适应性考试)Whenever I meet with difficulties, and I turned to my teachers and classmates for help through the Internet.

【答案】　将and去掉

【解析】　考查连词。句意：每当我遇到困难，我通过互联网向我的老师和同学寻求帮助。此处已有whenever作连词，所以不需要用and。故将第一个and去掉。

5．(2020·河北石家庄市高三一模)Secondly, students can make up for that they miss or fail to understand in class on weekdays.

【答案】　that→what

【解析】　考查名词性从句。句意：其次，学生可以弥补他们在工作日课堂上错过或不理解的东西。分析句子结构可知，for后是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用what。故将that改为what。

6．(2021·四川省内江市高三第三次模拟)My parents heard of the news and felt worrying because they didn’t know what serious my situation was.

【答案】　what→how

【解析】　考查名词性从句。句意：我的父母听说了这个消息，感到很担心，因为他们不知道我的情况有多严重。宾语从句how serious my situation was中serious为形容词，所以应用how修饰。故将what改为how。

7．(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市三中高三一模)Last week, we decided to make a video, who theme is “Thank our mother school” in honour of our school.

【答案】　who→whose

【解析】　考查定语从句。句意：上周，我们决定制作一个视频，主题是“感谢母校”，以纪念我们的学校。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a video，在从句中充当theme的定语，所以用whose引导。故将who改为whose。

8．(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))Finally, you are supposed to be kind but helpful to your new classmates and keep smiling,_which is one of the best languages in the world.

【答案】　but→and

【解析】　考查连词。句意：最后，你应该善良，帮助你的新同学，保持微笑，这是世界上最好的语言之一。根据句意，上下文是并列而非转折关系。故将but改为and。

9．(2021·新疆高三一模)I really did not know what to do at that point but I went to the police station.

【答案】　but→so

【解析】　考查连词。句意：我当时真的不知道该怎么办，因此我去了警察局。but前后两句不是转折关系，而是因果关系，因此使用连词so。故将but改为so。

10．(2021·山西省晋城市高三下学期第二次模拟考试)I’d like to accompany myself on erhu in person, because I hope you can prepare the one for me.

【答案】　because→so/and

【解析】　考查连词。句意：我想亲自用二胡伴奏，希望你能为我准备一把。后文I hope you can prepare the one for me是上文I’d like to accompany myself on erhu in person的结果，也可以看作是并列关系。故将because改为so/and。

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2021·辽宁大连二十四中高三一模)

Chinese President Xi Jinping has praised a group of middle school students for their efforts in satellite design.He said he was pleased with their curiosity and bravery in __36__(science) exploration.The president also wished the teachers and students in Bayi School __37__ happy new year.

Xi made the praise in a letter __38__(write)to the students in Beijing’s Bayi School on Saturday.A small satellite designed and developed by them __39__(send) into space last Wednesday at Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center __40__ it was designed to operate in orbit for 180 days.

Three months ago, Xi returned to __41__(he) high school, to visit a laboratory and talk to teachers and students __42__  were designing the small satellite.The president said he was __43__(extreme) glad to know that the satellite designed by the students would be launched and called on them to become __44__  (build) of the country.Xi warmly encouraged the students __45__(study) science and contribute to the development of China.He hoped that the students would keep hungry for knowledge and develop their national spirit.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国国家主席习近平赞扬了一群中学生在卫星设计方面的努力。

36．scientific　考查形容词。修饰名词exploration，前用形容词形式。句意：他对他们在科学探索方面的好奇心和勇气感到高兴。故填scientific。

37．a　考查冠词。名词new year为单数名词，故用不定冠词a。句意：主席也祝愿八一学校的老师和同学们新年快乐。故填a。

38．written　考查非谓语动词。句中名词letter与write之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意：习主席在写给北京八一学校学生的一封信中做出了表扬。故填written。

39．was sent　考查动词时态和语态。根据句中时间状语last Wednesday可知，用一般过去时。句中主语satellite与动词send之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：上周三，由他们设计和开发的一颗小卫星在太原卫星发射中心被送入太空。故填was sent。

40．and　考查连词。根据前后句之间为并列关系，可知用连词and。句意：上周三，由他们设计和研制的一颗小卫星在太原卫星发射中心发射升空，并按计划将在轨道上运行180天。故填and。

41．his　考查物主代词。修饰名词high school，前用形容词性物主代词。句意：三个月前，习主席回到他的高中。故填his。

42．who/ that　考查定语从句。句中先行词为teachers and students，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who/ that。句意：三个月前，习主席回到他的高中，参观了一个实验室，并与设计这颗小卫星的老师和学生交谈。故填who/ that。

43．extremely　考查副词。修饰形容词glad，前用副词形式。句意：主席说，他非常高兴地知道，由学生们设计的卫星将被发射，并呼吁他们成为国家的建设者。故填extremely。

44．builders　考查名词。动词become和介词of提示可知，这里接名词形式。前无冠词，故用复数形式。句意：主席说，他非常高兴地知道，由学生们设计的卫星将被发射，并呼吁他们成为国家的建设者。故填builders。

45．to study考查非谓语动词。动词encourage用法为：encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。句意：习主席热情鼓励学生们学习科学，为中国的发展作出贡献。故填to study。

Ⅳ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2021·安徽省淮南第二中学等高三下学期高考最后一卷)

Last summer vacation, as volunteer teachers, my classmates and I headed to Daliangshan Hope School carried some books donated by our class.Upon arrival, we received a warmly welcome from the whole school.In the following day, we gave them lessons and patiently helped them with their studies.The students attended our lessons actively, what in turn inspired us.After class we played with basketball together.We also told them how our school life was like.Chatting or laughing, we felt we had never had more enjoyable time.Two weeks flew by, and it was time for us to say goodbye.Many students came to see ourselves off.We hugged each other and express our wish to see each other soon.

【答案】　

Last summer vacation, as volunteer teachers, my classmates and I headed to Daliangshan Hope School  some books donated by our class.Upon arrival, we received a  welcome from the whole school.In the following ， we gave them lessons and patiently helped them with their studies.The students attended our lessons actively,  in turn inspired us.After class we played  with  basketball together.We also told them  our school life was like.Chatting  laughing, we felt we had never had  more enjoyable time.Two weeks flew by, and it was time for us to say goodbye.Many students came to see  off.We hugged each other and  our wish to see each other soon.

【解析】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为志愿教师，和同学们一起去希望学校支教，留下了美好的记忆。

1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我和我的同学带着我们班捐赠的书去了大凉山希望学校。分析句子结构，本句主语是my classmates and I，谓语动词是headed，本句前后无连词，所以carry是非谓语动词，carry和逻辑主语 my classmates and I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故将carried改为carrying。

2．考查形容词。句意：一到学校，我们就受到了全校的热烈欢迎。此处需要用形容词修饰名词welcome。故将warmly改为warm。

3．考查名词。句意：在接下来的几天里，我们给他们上课，耐心地帮助他们学习。此处表示接下来的几天，不止一天，所以名词day需要用复数形式。故将day改为days。

4．考查定语从句。句意：学生们积极参加我们的课，这反过来也鼓舞了我们。本句是非限制性定语从句，从句修饰前面整个句子，且从句缺少主语，应用关系词which。故将what改为which。

5．考查固定搭配。句意：课后我们一起打篮球。play加球类时不需要介词。故将with去掉。

6．考查名词性从句。句意：我们还告诉他们我们的学校生活是什么样的。本句是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what引导。故将how改为what。

7．考查连词。句意：谈笑风生，我们觉得从未有过这么愉快的时光。此处聊天和笑是并列的动作，需要用and连接。故将or改为and。

8．考查固定搭配。句意：谈笑风生，我们觉得从未有过这么愉快的时光。have a...time是固定搭配，此处time是可数的。故在more前面加a。

9．考查代词。句意：许多学生来送别我们。see sb. off表示送别某人，此处宾语和主语所指不同，宾语不能用反身代词。故将ourselves改为us。

10．考查时态。句意：我们互相拥抱，表示希望很快能见到对方。express和hugged并列，此处动词也要用一般过去式。故将express改为expressed。