2022届新高考英语一轮复习 高频词汇即时训练 主题三 人与自然

第一部分 主题高频词汇

主题三　人与自然

子主题1　自然生态

即时训练

一、写出画线部分在句中的含义

1.The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.                                   　　　　 

2.Parents should face the fact that most children are of average intelligence.                        　　　 __

3.The level of the river measures 20 centimeters over the security line and measures must be taken to control the flood.                                                                         　　　　　　　　　 

4.The woman had a narrow escape yesterday when her car ran off the road.                        　　　　 

5.He has already stated his intention to run in the election.                                        　　　　 

二、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子

6.The car let out a loud noise and then quickly disappeared　　　　　　　 (在远处). 

7.The novel I had chosen was long and difficult, but finally I　　　　　　　 (设法读完) it and wrote an excellent book report. 

8.The ship sailed the sea for several months until at last the island　　　　　　 (映入眼帘), which cheered the tired sailors up.  

9.There is　　　　　　　 (各种各样的) career opportunities which are open to young people. 

10.After the attack, the government declared 　　　　　　　(紧急状态). 

子主题2　环境保护

即时训练

一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词

1.The visitors are forbidden to feed animals in the zoo, which may do harm 　　　　the health of animals. 

2.On the whole, if older adults frequently participate 　　　　a wide variety of activities, they are less likely to feel depressed. 

3.An organization was set up to preserve the wildlife 　　　　dying out in this area. 

4.You can use this room for your club activities tomorrow 　　　　condition that you keep it tidy and clean. 

5.He was found putting up illegal advertisements along the street, 　　　　which he was punished. 

二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空

6.While this approach is effective in losing weight, it is not as beneficial as keeping a 　　　　(balance) diet. 

7.My grandfather is 70 years old,but he looks strong and 　　　　(energy), totally different from most old people of his age. 

8.With the level of haze rising greatly, many people work to raise public 　　　　(aware) of              environmental 　　　　(protect). 

9.The drug is not 　　　　(harm) itself, but it is 　　　　(danger) if taken with alcohol, according to the new research. 

10.As a member of the community, each should develop good habits and regulate their behavior in an attempt to create a

　　　　(harmony) atmosphere. 

子主题3　灾害防范

即时训练

一、用方框内短语的适当形式填空

with the aid of　  on the spot　  bury oneself in    in ruins  　in short supply

1.　　　　　　　　　 rescue workers, many people managed to escape from the burning building and escape being killed. 

2.The scientist knew nothing about the matter because he was always 　　　　　　　　　his study. 

3.A few minutes as the earthquake lasted, the whole village was left 　　　　　　　　　, with thousands of people killed, injured or homeless. 

4.Food is 　　　　　　　　in many African countries now,and other countries can offer the Africans some food to help them.  

5.There’s concrete evidence showing that the woman has something to do with the case due to her fingerprints found 　　　　　　　　. 

二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空

6.Depression and 　　　　(anxious) in midlife and old age are already known to be risk factors for dementia(痴呆). 

7.The outbreaks of these diseases all illustrate that our 　　　　(destroy) behaviour towards nature is endangering our own health. 

8.Considerable 　　　　(evident) has been found over the years that lack of exercise is connected with increased risk of cancer. 

9.Conserving the ecology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the greatest contribution to the　　　　(survive)and development of the Chinese nation. 

10.After she saw the 　　　　(frighten) scene, she 　　　　(panic) and didn’t dare to sleep in the room alone. 

子主题4　宇宙探索

即时训练

一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空

1.China successfully launched Tianwen-1, the country’s first independent Mars mission, on July 23,opening the nation’s planetary　　　　 (explore) program. 

2.All the passengers on board sighed with 　　　　(relieve) when the captain announced that he had solved the mechanical problems with the engine. 

3.Officials in charge of the camps say the system is now running extremely 　　　　(smooth).  

4.Conventional 　　　　(wise) has it that we should put away some money for rainy days when we have a lot in hand. 

5.Although the task is hard for me, I determine　　　　 (take)up this challenge. 

二、用适当的介词填空

6.He used some examples to throw light　　　　 the theory, and at last he made himself understood. 

7.To promote authenticity, the magician picked several persons　　　　 random from the audience. 

8.I suggest you apply 　　　　membership. Members can get a 15% discount. 

9.　　　　 view of little time available, we will limit our discussion to two main topics. 

10.　　　　 my relief, after treatment my father is gradually recovering. 

答案

主题三 人与自然

子主题1 即时训练

一、写出画线部分在句中的含义

1.在于　　　　2.正视　　　　3.量度为;措施        4.勉强的     5.声明

二、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子

6.in/into the distance

7.managed to finish reading

8.came into sight

9.a wide range/variety of

10.a state of emergency

子主题2　即时训练

一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词

1.to　句意:游客被禁止在动物园里喂动物,这可能会损害动物的健康。do harm to...为固定搭配,表示"对……有害"。

2.in　句意:总的来说,如果老年人频繁参加多种多样的活动,他们就不太可能感到情绪低落。participate in为固定搭配,表示"参加"。

3.from　句意: 成立了一个组织来保护这个地区的野生动物免遭灭绝。preserve...from...为固定搭配,表示"保护……免受……"。

4.on　on condition that可用作连词,意为"在……条件下"。

5.for　此处为"介词+which"引导的定语从句,主句表示被惩罚的原因,be punished for sth.表示"因某事被惩罚"。

二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空

6.balanced　句意:虽然这种方法在减肥方面有效,但是它不如保持均衡的饮食更有益。a balanced diet表示"均衡饮食"。

7.energetic　energetic为形容词,表示"精力充沛的",在此处作表语。

8.awareness;protection　public awareness of environmental protection意为"公众的环保意识"。

9.harmful;dangerous　第一空应用形容词harmful作表语,表示"有害的";第二空应用形容词dangerous作表语,表示"危险的"。

10.harmonious　此处应用形容词作定语,修饰atmosphere。

子主题3　即时训练

一、用方框内短语的适当形式填空

1.With the aid of　　　2.burying himself in　　　3.in ruins      4.in short supply　　　5.on the spot

二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空

6.anxiety　句意:中老年的抑郁和焦虑已被认为是引发痴呆的风险因素。根据句子结构可知,空处与and前的Depression并列作主语,故空处应用名词形式anxiety。

7.destructive　句意:这些疾病的爆发都说明,我们对自然的破坏行为正在危害我们自己的健康。空处修饰其后的名词behaviour,作定语,应用形容词destructive。

8.evidence　句意:多年来,已经发现了大量的证据,这些证据表明缺乏锻炼会增加患癌的风险。分析句子结构可知,空处作主语,应用名词形式。

9.survival　句意:保护好青藏高原生态就是对中华民族生存和发展的最大贡献。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的and development可知,空处应填与development并列的名词,故填survival。

10.frightening;panicked　第一空应用形容词frightening修饰名词scene,表示"令人恐惧的";第二空根据空后的and和时态可知,此处作谓语,且应用一般过去时,故填panicked。注意panic的过去式是加k再加-ed。

子主题4　即时训练

一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空

1.exploration　句意:7月23日,中国首次独立火星探测任务"天问一号"成功发射,开启了中国行星探测任务的序幕。根据句意可知,空处用名词作定语。

2.relief　句意:当船长宣布他已经解决了发动机的机械故障时,船上所有的乘客都松了口气。sigh with relief是常见搭配,表示"松了口气"。

3.smoothly　句意:负责营房的官员说这一体制目前运作得极为顺利。空处修饰前面的动词running,应用副词形式。注意:空前的extremely是修饰smoothly的。

4.wisdom　句意:人们普遍认为,当手头有很多钱的时候,我们应该存些以备不时之需。空处作主语,应用名词形式。

5.to take　句意:虽然这项任务对我来说很难,但我决定接受这个挑战。determine to do sth.表示"决定做某事"。

二、用适当的介词填空

6.on　句意: 他使用了一些例子来阐明这个理论, 最终他把自己的意思讲明白了。throw light on表示 "使……较容易理解"。

7.at　句意:为了提升真实性,魔术师随意从观众中挑选了几个人。这里用短语at random作状语,表示"任意地,随机地"。

8.for　句意:我建议你申请成为会员,会员可以享受8.5折优惠。apply for为固定短语,表示"申请,请求"。

9.In　句意:鉴于可用时间不多,我们将把讨论限制在两个主要议题上。in view of意为"考虑到,鉴于"。

10.To　句意:令我宽慰的是,经过治疗,我父亲正在逐渐康复。to one’s relief表示"令人宽慰的是"。