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2022届新高考英语一轮复习 夯基提升 题型七 概要写作
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这是一份2022届新高考英语一轮复习 夯基提升 题型七 概要写作，共13页。
Writing 1[2021福建福州一中质检]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Yu might think that whether yu chse a blue shirt r a yellw ne fr wrk r cllege makes n difference t yur day and the peple arund yu. Hwever, an increasing number f experts argue that the clrs we chse affect ur mds, ur career prspects (前景) and even ur health.
The pwer f clr has been used fr centuries and we shuld make the mst f it in ur lives. Clr affects us t a greater degree than mst f us realize. It is used increasingly by psychlgists and therapists fr influencing mds and states f mind, and fr varius types f treatments when we are ill.
Cmpanies use clr t great effect t encurage us t buy their prducts. Fr example, purple is seen t represent creativity and mixes well with red, t shw that a cmpany has ideas and the pwer t make them happen. Orange and blue are als recmmended clrs fr cmpanies t use, because range is the clr f cmmunicatin and blue suggests safety and security. S this culd be a particularly gd cmbinatin. Cmpanies have fund certain clrs "speak" t specific age grups. They ften use red t attract yunger peple t their prducts, fr example, as it is vibrant and mre yuthful than clrs like gld and navy, which lder custmers seem t prefer.
Wearing different clrs can affect hw yu feel and hw thers react t yu, s it is imprtant t cnsider this when yu decide what t wear in the mrning. If yu want peple t take yu seriusly, then wearing navy-blue r black is gd. Blue wuld als be helpful fr an interview r ral examinatin because it relaxes yu and makes yu feel calm. Red gets yu nticed by everyne and makes yu, the wearer, feel energetic, but be careful, as it can raise yur pulse rate and nt everyne wants this effect.
S think carefully befre yu leave the huse. The clrs yu chse are a wnderful tl. Are yu making the right impressin — n yurself and n thers?
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Writing 2[2021浙江宁波中学测试]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The Thebrma caca tree prvides us with ne f the wrld’s mst delicius fds — chclate! Thebrma is a Greek wrd meaning fd. The tree riginally cmes frm the Amazn regin f Suth America. Hand-sized pds that grw n the tree cntain caca seeds — ften called "cca beans". These seeds,r beans,are used t make chclate.
The earliest use and cnsumptin f caca beans dates back t arund 1000 B.C. Later, the Mayan and Aztec civilizatins cnsumed caca as a drink. They ften flavred it with ingredients such as chili peppers, and ther spices.It is believed that drinking cups f chclate was imprtant in Mayan rituals such as wedding ceremnies. Cnsuming caca was als believed t have psitive effects n health. In Peru, eating r drinking a mixture f chclate and chilies was said t be gd fr the stmach. The Aztecs thught it culd even cure sickness!
Christpher Clumbus, alng with Spanish explrers, made his furth vyage acrss the Atlantic in the early 1500s, and arrived n the cast f Hnduras. It was at this time that he first discvered the value f cca beans,which were used as currency in many parts f Central America.
In the sixteenth century, chclate was taken back t Spain by Hernand Crtez, anther explrer. The Spanish peple added ingredients such as sugar and vanilla t make it sweet. It later spread t France in the seventeenth century. The ppularity f chclate cntinued t spread further acrss Eurpe and the Americas. The nly Asian cuntry t adpt it at that time, thugh, was the Philippines, which the Spanish invaded in the sixteenth century.
As chclate became mre ppular, the demand fr peple t wrk n the caca plantatins increased. Slaves were brught t the Americas frm Africa t farm the caca. Eventually, the caca tree was taken t Africa and cultivatin began there. Tday, the African plantatins prvide almst seventy percent f the wrld’s caca, cmpared with ne and a half percent frm Mexic.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 3[生活感悟]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。
These days ur sciety develps rapidly and frces peple t rush. It appears that peple have gt used t being in a hurry. Hwever, it’s better fr peple t take their time and live their lives at a slwer pace than t hurry t get things dne.
The main reasn that cnvinces us t ppse ding wrk in a hurry is the pssibility f ding wrng in a rush. When peple d their jbs r take actin in a hurry, they can’t make a sund decisin and prbably regret it later. As the saying ges, "Haste makes waste." We shuld think carefully befre making a decisin and d ur wrk less quickly. We shuld nt make mistakes by ding wrk hurriedly.
Slwing dwn the pace f life helps peple enjy their life better. Fr example, taking a train t sme place certainly will take mre time than taking a plane. Hwever, taking a train makes peple have enugh time t get t knw a lt f new friends. Besides, it allws peple t fully enjy the beautiful scenery alng the way. On the cntrary, being in a hurry will make us lse chances f enjying ur life.
Finally, a slwer life pace prvides better health cnditin fr us. As is knwn t all, taking actin in a hurry bthers peple and raises their stress. Peple think if they are nt in a hurry, they will becme a lser and that annys them. But being in a hurry can hurt peple bth physically and mentally. Accrding t sme studies, peple wh have a slwer pace suffer fewer diseases, tend t be happier and live much lnger than thse whse life is tense, even if the frmer finish wrk mre slwly than the latter.
In shrt, wrking quickly will bring abut mre material benefits t make ur sciety mre advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjyment, friends and health, which are much mre imprtant than mney and ther material advantages. Therefre, take yur time and live yur life at a slwer pace.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 4[人工智能]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Artificial intelligence (AI) teachers can prvide custmized teaching fr students t meet their unique requirements thrugh analyzing data and deep learning. In the future, they may replace human teachers fr basic teaching tasks. Since sme students may find it hard t fllw teachers in class, AI can meet their individual needs, give them cnfidence and put new pwer int traditinal teaching patterns. An educatin system prviding custmized teaching centered n students represents the future trend f AI educatin.
China’s AI educatin has develped rapidly in recent years with the rise f several thusand relevant cmpanies. Currently, AI teachers are able t help students learn prnunciatin, analyze their cnditin, guide them t learn independently, and even grade writing assignments. Sme freign AI educatin systems have been intrduced int several dmestic schls and have wrked well n trial.
Hwever, the prmtin f AI educatin is still facing several difficulties in practice such as lw technlgical levels, the inadequacy f data and lack f funds. AI educatin still depends largely n human teachers’ wrk. Mst imprtantly, it cnflicts with current educatinal patterns because the curses develped by freign cuntries are nt suitable fr Chinese exam-riented educatin. Teachers may als find it hard t change their riginal rles in classrms since easing cntrl n classes may make them seem irrespnsible. These prblems need t be handled befre the mass prmtin f AI educatin.
With AI teachers, the riginal teacher-centered classes will be transfrmed int student-centered nes where teachers nly rganize the class and prvide guidance. Since teachers are suppsed t nt nly equip students with knwledge but als shape their values and help them develp creative abilities, AI teachers will nt replace human teachers but nly pse higher requirements f teaching. A cmbinatin f AI teachers and human nes can create the best future fr AI educatin.
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Writing 1[健康]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
As humans, we’re all cmpletely different. S there isn’t a ne-size-fits-all answer t being yur healthiest self. Instead, yu have t have the ability t wrk ut what’s the greatest n yur bdy. And that is at all times ging t depend upn things that have an effect n yu persnally, tgether with the lifestyle that yu chse.
What plays the mst imprtant rle is what yu daily eat. Natural trans fats(反式脂肪)are present in small quantities in milk prducts and meats, and cnsuming fat-free r lw-fat milk prducts and meats will cut back the quantities f pure trans fats taken in frm these fds. Because quantities f natural trans fats in milk prducts and meats are really small and these fds can be essential surces f vitamins, these fds d nt need t be remved frm the fd plan.
Anther methd that yu culd help yur bdy is t be a bit mre lively. We all knw that exercise is gd fr us. Hwever, it’s simple t underestimate(低估) its gd. Fr example, we can ften see that many peple quit exercising halfway because they simply can’t tlerate the difficulty that exercise brings them. Actually, it is easy t have the intentin t take up exercise but it is very challenging t carry it n until yu can see the psitive effect that exercise brings yu.
Hw healthy yu are is indicated by the level f a substance in yur bld referred t as hmcysteine(高半胱氨酸). Keeping yur hmcysteine level lw, indicating that yu’ll be able t rapidly adapt and respnd t life’s stresses, is the third secret f 100 percent health. A lw hmcysteine level means a smaller risk f heart attacks, mental illness and many ther health issues. T balance yur bld sugar, eat fewer fast-releasing meals (sweets, cakes and biscuits) and mre slw-releasing fds (fruit and vegetables, whlegrain fds). Additinally, yu must eat slwly rather than just swallw.
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Writing 2[科技]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Scientists have already shwn that genetic engineering can rapidly spread a self-destructive genetic mdificatin(基因改造)thrugh a species. Researchers have been ready t test it in msquites. If prved successful, the new technlgy might cause msquites as a species t die ut. A questin is raised: D humans have the right t use gene extinctin(灭绝) against ther species?
With msquites, there may seem t be enugh reasns fr sme t say "yes". Accrding t data frm the Wrld Health Organizatin, msquites cause the death f at least 725,000 persns annually by spreading deadly diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, yellw fever and type-B encephalitis. S many argue that we have the right t pay msquites back and defend urselves.
Hwever, a basic rule f evlutin is that every existing creature has reasn t exist, and is part f the Earth’s ecsystem as a whle. Ending ne species might lead t chain reactins beynd the expectatins f everyne. If msquites die ut under the genetic attack f humankind, it is pssible that certain frgs, spiders, as well as birds might die ut, t, because they hunt msquites fr fd. Then species that feed n these might die ut and s n up the fd chain. Even with the best intentins, gene drives culd ptentially change the fd chain and wipe ut beneficial creatures alngside the "pests" being targeted when released int the envirnment. Besides, if peple decide they have the right t end msquites, they might chse t end ther species they cnsider "harmful". Wh gets t decide which species is the next t g extinct?
While vting against the prpsal t temprarily ban the release f genetically-driven creatures, the United Natins Cnference n Bi-Diversity did require the researchers f genetically-driven msquites t evaluate the pssible effects f their research t avid unnecessary harm. Gene drives are being annunced as a quick fix, but we can never be t cautius abut interfering(干涉)with nature.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 3[环保]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In the deepest dive in a manned submersible(潜艇), US explrer Victr Vescv sptted and vide-recrded a plastic bag and a pile f candy wrappers n the seabed. His discvery f plastic waste 11.2 kilmeters belw sea level in the Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean, the deepest knwn pint in the Earth’s ceans, means there is nwhere n this planet plastic waste cannt reach, as it has been fund n Munt Qmlangma and in bth Arctic and Antarctic waters.
Since the patent(专利)fr plastics was registered in 1907, 8.3 billin tns f plastic prducts have already been prduced, f which 6.3 billin have been gtten rid f withut being prcessed. Mst f the abandned plastic prducts end up in the cean. In the Pacific Ocean, plastic garbage and ther waste have already frmed an island, which is 1.6 millin square kilmeters in size. It is estimated that the ttal weight f plastic waste will reach 12 billin tns by 2050, mre than the ttal weight f ceanic fish.
Plastic waste kills life in the ceans and n the land alike by filling in their stmachs s they cannt eat, r winding itself arund their bdies s they cannt breathe. It pllutes the Earth and prevents plants’ rts frm digging deep int the grund. Plastic micr-particles(微颗粒)als jin the water cycle and enter the bdies f animals and even humans. As humans are at the tp f the fd chain, plastic micr-particles build up inside ur bdies.
Want t d smething t change the situatin? Dn’t get plastic bags at the supermarket but take yur wn reusable ne instead. Give up fast delivery lunches and ck r g t the restaurant instead. Get int the habit f srting yur garbage. But it’s easier said than dne. Envirnmentalists have been calling fr behaviral changes fr at least three decades, yet we cntinue t use a grwing amunt f plastic prducts. Maybe we can hpe a new envirnmentally friendly material is used in the future, but fr nw at least, unless we cntrl its use, plastic is ging t cntinue t get everywhere.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 4
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Perhaps yu’ve heard the ld saying "curisity killed the cat". It’s a phrase that’s ften used t warn peple — especially children — nt t ask t many questins. Yet it’s widely agreed that curisity actually makes learning mre effective. In fact, research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in determining hw well students d in schl.
Curisity can als lead us t make unexpected discveries, bring excitement int ur lives, and pen up new pssibilities. In science, curisity-driven research can have unexpected imprtant benefits. Fr example,ne day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing arund with a cil and a magnet when he suddenly saw hw he culd prduce an electrical current. At first, it wasn’t clear what this culd be used fr, but it actually made electricity available fr use in technlgy, and s changed the wrld.
Hwever, curisity is currently under the biggest threat cming frm technlgy. On ne level, this is because technlgy has becme s advanced that many f us are unable t think t deeply abut hw exactly things wrk any mre. While it may be pssible fr a curius teenager t take a taster apart and make sense f hw it wrks, hw much d yu understand abut what happens when yu type a website address int a brwser?
In additin t this, there’s the fact that we all nw cnnect s deeply with technlgy, particularly with ur phnes. The mre we stare at ur screens, the less we talk t ther peple directly. All t ften we accept the images f peple that scial media prvides us with. Then we feel we knw enugh abut a persn nt t need t engage further with him.
That means we end up inside ur wn little bubbles, n lnger cming acrss new ideas. Perhaps the real key t develping curisity in the 21st century, then, is t rely less n the tech tls f ur age.
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答 案
题型七 概要写作
Writing 1
【写作指导】
本文属于说明文,文章主要说明了颜色对我们生活多方面的影响。
第一段的主要点是"an increasing number f experts argue that the clrs we chse affect ur mds, ur career prspects(前景) and even ur health",由此可知,专家们认为我们选择的颜色会影响我们的心情、职业前景甚至健康。可以概括为"Sme experts claim that the clrs chsen by us affect ur mds, careers and health."。
第二段的主要点是"Clr affects us t a greater degree than mst f us realize",由此可知,颜色对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大得多;次要点是"It is used increasingly by psychlgists and we are ill",由此可知,色彩也被用于医疗。综合主、次要点信息可知,色彩对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大,并且它现在还用于医疗。可以概括为"The effect f clr is greater than expected and it is nw used fr medical care."。
第三段的主要点是"Cmpanies use clr t great effect t encurage us t buy their prducts",次要点是"Cmpanies have fund certain clrs ‘speak’ t specific age grups",由此可知,本段讲述的是公司将颜色应用于促销,以吸引不同年龄段的人。可以概括为"Cmpanies apply clr t sales prmtin t appeal t different age grups."。
第四段的主要点是"Wearing different clrs can affect hw yu feel and hw thers react t yu",第五段的主要点是"think carefully befre yu leave the huse",次要点是 "making the right impressin"。这两段都是讲衣服颜色的重要性,可以合并为一个要点:因为衣服的颜色会影响我们的感受和别人对我们的反应,所以我们穿什么很重要。可以概括为"As the clr f ur clthes can affect ur feelings and thers’ reactins t us, what we wear matters."。
第二段讲述色彩可用于医疗,第三段讲述色彩还可以用于商品促销,所以可用als, mrever, what’s mre或in additin等衔接第二句与第三句。
【参考范文】
Sme experts claim that the clrs chsen by us affect ur mds, careers and health. (要点1)The effect f clr is greater than expected and it is nw used fr medical care. (要点2)Als, cmpanies apply clr t sales prmtin t appeal t different age grups. (要点3)As the clr f ur clthes can affect ur feelings and thers’ reactins t us, what we wear matters.(要点4)
Writing 2
【写作指导】
本文属于说明文,主要讲巧克力的来源、巧克力的使用及食用历史、巧克力的价值和它的流行。
第一段的主要点是"The Thebrma caca tree prvides us !",次要点1是"The tree riginally cmes frm the Amazn regin f Suth America",次要点2是"These seeds,r beans,are used t make chclate",由此可知,本段讲述的是巧克力是由来源于南美洲亚马孙地区一种可可树的种子制成的,可以用"Chclate is made frm the seeds f the caca tree, a native plant f the Amazn regin f Suth America."概括。
第二段的主要点是"The earliest use and cnsumptin f caca beans dates back t arund 1000 B.C.",次要点1是"cnsumed caca as a drink",次要点2是"have psitive effects n health"。合并要点信息可知,本段讲述喝巧克力饮料的悠久历史及其对身体的有益影响,可以用"Drinking chclate has a lng histry and is gd fr health."概括。
第三段的主要点是" first discvered the value f cca beans"。第四段的主要点1是"In the sixteenth century, chclate was taken back t Spain",主要点2是"It later spread t France",主要点3是"cntinued t spread further acrss Eurpe and the Americas",主要点4是"The nly Asian cuntry t adpt it"。结合第三、四段的要点可知,这两段主要讲述的是哥伦布首先发现了可可豆的价值及巧克力在欧洲和世界其他地方的传播,可以概括为"Clumbus discvered the value f cca beans, and then chclate began t spread acrss Eurpe and the rest f the wrld."。
第五段的主要点1是"As chclate became mre ",主要点2是"the African plantatins prvide almst seventy percent f the wrld’s caca",次要点是"the caca tree was taken t Africa and cultivatin began there"。由此可知,由于巧克力需求增长,种植可可树在非洲流行起来,目前非洲的种植园已成为全球最大的可可生产地,即"With the demand fr chclate grwing fast, cultivatin started in Africa, which has nw becme the largest caca prducer wrldwide."。
【参考范文】
Chclate is made frm the seeds f the caca tree, a native plant f the Amazn regin f Suth America.(要点1) Drinking chclate has a lng histry and is gd fr health.(要点2)Clumbus discvered the value f cca beans, and then chclate began t spread acrss Eurpe and the rest f the wrld.(要点3)With the demand fr chclate grwing fast, cultivatin started in Africa, which has nw becme the largest caca prducer wrldwide.(要点4)
Writing 3
【写作指导】
(1)抓住主要论点,理清论证关系。材料为议论文,第一段就提出了文章的论点,即人们要放慢生活节奏;第二、三、四段分析了要放慢节奏的原因;第五段总结全文,再次强调论点。
(2)研读核心信息,合理处理论据。论据是让论点更易被人接受的支持性事实材料。所给材料中的第二、三、四段举了一些例子,分析了放慢节奏的好处。因而,在进行概要写作的时候,我们需要对论据进行适当的安排与处理。
(3)确立语篇主题,合理重组结构。材料第一段首先表明了文章的中心论点,即"Despite being accustmed t the fast pace in mdern sciety, peple are recmmended t lead a slwer life"(要点1);第二段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之一,即"Slwing dwn lwers the pssibility f cmmitting errrs by cmprehensive thinking" (要点2);第三段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之二,即"Mre pprtunities t enjy life are allwed by a slwer pace" (要点3);第四段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之三,即"Better health cnditin is als what a slwer life brings" (要点4);第五段总结全篇,即"Live a slwer life frm nw n"(要点5)。通过以上分析,我们可以发现材料的论述结构:提出论点(要点1)——论据论证(要点2—4)——总结全篇(要点5)。在概要写作的时候,我们必须首先确定采取何种表达顺序来完成对材料中心的表述。
【参考范文】
Despite being accustmed t the fast pace in mdern sciety, peple are recmmended t lead a slwer life.(要点1) Firstly, slwing dwn lwers the pssibility f cmmitting errrs by cmprehensive thinking.(要点2)Secndly, mre pprtunities t enjy life are allwed by a slwer pace.(要点3) Lastly, better health cnditin is als what a slwer life brings.(要点4) Therefre, let’s live a slwer life frm nw n.(要点5)
Writing 4
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:人工智能教师可以通过分析数据和深度学习为学生提供个性化教学以满足他们的独特需求。未来它们可能会取代人类教师来完成基本的教学任务。
Paragraph 2:近几年,中国的人工智能教育发展得很快,现在人工智能教师已经能够帮助学生学习发音、分析学生的(学习)状态、引导学生自主学习,甚至能够给学生批改作业。有些国外的人工智能教育体制已经被引进国内的一些学校,并在试用中表现出色。
Paragraph 3:然而,人工智能教学的推广仍面临着许多困难,如技术水平低、数据不足、资金匮乏等。此外,人工智能教学很大程度上依然依靠人类教师。最重要的是,人工智能教学与我国现行教育模式有所冲突。在普及人工智能教学之前,这些问题亟待解决。
Paragraph 4:随着人工智能教师的出现,之前的以教师为主导的课堂将转变为以学生为主导的课堂,教师只起组织和指导的作用。人工智能教师不会取代人类教师,反而对人类教学提出了更高的要求。人类教师和人工智能教师的结合将会为人工智能教育创造一个最好的未来。
【参考范文】
AI teachers catering fr students’ persnalities can prvide students with persnalized teaching t meet their needs and may serve as an apprpriate alternative t implement basic teaching tasks.(要点1) China has seen rapid develpment in AI educatin in the past years.(要点2) But many prblems like pr technlgy, inadequate data and a shrtage f funds shuld be slved befre the wide applicatin f AI educatin.(要点3) Despite the advantages f AI teachers, human nes will never be replaced; instead, bth will play their jint rles in the future teaching.(要点4)
Writing 1
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:作为人类,我们完全不同。因此,就如何成为最健康的人,没有一个万能的答案。这取决于对你个人有影响的事物以及你选择的生活方式。
Paragraph 2:影响健康最重要的因素是你的日常饮食。奶制品和肉类中存在少量的天然的反式脂肪,而这些食物是维生素的重要来源,因此无须把它们排除在你的饮食计划之外。
Paragraph 3:保持健康的另一种方式是让你的身体更加活跃一些。锻炼对我们有好处,但其好处很容易被低估。许多人会因不能忍受锻炼的困难而半途而废。事实上,有意进行锻炼很容易,但要坚持锻炼直到看到锻炼带来的积极影响很困难。
Paragraph 4:血液中高半胱氨酸的水平表明了你的健康程度。保持低水平的高半胱氨酸意味着你可以快速适应生活压力并作出反应,并且可以降低一些疾病发生的风险。
【参考范文】
There’s n fixed answer t being the healthiest — things affecting yu persnally and yur life chices bth matter. (要点1) Therefre, t stay healthy, yu must pay attentin t yur daily diet but needn’t exclude fds cntaining natural trans fats.(要点2) Additinally, taking exercise isnecessary but yu must stick t it t enjy the benefits.(要点3) Mrever, keeping a lw hmcysteine level is als a gd way, which can help yu deal with stresses and reduce the risk f health prblems.(要点4)
Writing 2
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:科学家已经表明,基因工程可以在一个物种中迅速传播自我毁灭性的基因改造。研究人员已经准备在蚊子中测试这一点。如果被证明是成功的,这项新技术可能会导致蚊子这一物种灭绝。一个问题被提出来:人类有权对其他物种进行基因灭绝吗?
Paragraph 2:对于蚊子,似乎有足够的理由让一些人说"是"。根据世界卫生组织的数据,蚊子每年通过传播致命疾病导致至少72.5万人死亡。因此很多人认为,我们有权报复蚊子,保护自己。
Paragraph 3:然而,进化的一个基本规则是每一个现存的生物都有存在的理由,并且是地球生态系统的一部分。终结一个物种可能会导致超出每个人预期的连锁反应。如果蚊子在人类的基因攻击下灭绝,某些青蛙、蜘蛛以及鸟类也有可能灭绝,因为它们捕食蚊子。然后,以这些动物为食的物种也可能灭绝,按食物链以此往上类推。即使是出于最大的善意,基因攻击也可能改变食物链,在被用到生态环境中时,不仅消灭目标"害虫",而且有可能消灭有益生物。此外,如果人们决定他们有权终结蚊子,他们可能会选择终结他们认为"有害"的其他物种。谁来决定下一个灭绝的物种?
Paragraph 4:联合国生物多样性会议在否决暂时禁止释放基因驱动生物的提案的同时,确实要求基因驱动蚊子的研究人员评估其研究的可能影响,避免不必要的伤害。虽然基因攻击被认为是一种快速的解决方法,但在干涉自然这件事上我们越谨慎越好。
【参考范文】
Scientists have been ready t test a self-destructive genetic mdificatin in msquites, which may end the species, but it aruses dubts.(要点1)Sme believe we shuld d s, because msquites spread deadly diseases yearly.(要点2)But thers think it will damage the ecsystem and related species might becme extinct.(要点3)In a wrd, we shuld be careful abut gene drives, cnsidering their likely effects.(要点4)
Writing 3
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:塑料垃圾已经到达地球的每一个角落,包括海洋的最深处、珠穆朗玛峰及南北极海域。
Paragraph 2:自1907年塑料专利注册以来,大量塑料制品被生产出来,且大多数的塑料垃圾最终都流入了海洋。据估计,到2050年塑料垃圾的总重量将达到120亿吨,超过了海洋鱼类的总重量。
Paragraph 3:塑料垃圾杀死了海洋和陆地生物,污染了地球,而且塑料微颗粒在动物甚至人类体内积聚。
Paragraph 4:要改变这种现状,我们应该使用可重复使用的袋子,不点外卖而是自己做饭或外出就餐,并养成垃圾分类的习惯。尽管这说起来容易做起来难,但是我们必须改变我们的行为来减少塑料的使用。
【参考范文】
Plastic waste has reached every crner f the Earth, including the deepest pint in the cean, the highest muntain and plar regins.(要点1)And it will cntinue t grw rapidly, mst f which eventually flws int the ceans.(要点2)Plastic waste kills sea life and land life. It pisns the grund, and its micr-particles accumulate in the bdies f animals, even humans.(要点3)In spite f difficulty, changes in actin must be made t cut dwn plastic use.(要点4)
Writing 4
【写作指导】
本文是议论文。文章提出好奇心和智力同样重要,它影响学生的成绩而且还可以使我们有一些意想不到的发现,然而,科技对好奇心有很多的负面影响,因此作者提出要减少对科技工具的依赖来培养好奇心。
第一段的主要点是"research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in determining hw well students d in schl",表达的意思是"研究表明好奇心与智力同样重要,决定着学生在学校的表现",可以概括为:研究表明,好奇心对学生的成绩至关重要,即"Curisity, as is revealed in research, is vital t students’ academic perfrmance."。
第二段的主要点是"Curisity can als lead us t make unexpected discveries",表达的意思是"好奇心也带来许多意想不到的发现",可以概括为"It als brings many unexpected discveries."。
第三段的主要点是"curisity is currently under the biggest threat cming frm technlgy",次要点是"technlgy has becme s advanced that many f us are unable t think t deeply abut hw exactly things wrk any mre"。综合主、次要点可知,最新的技术正在扼杀好奇心,阻碍了我们进一步探索事物发展的能力,即"Up-t-date technlgy is nw killing curisity, hindering ur capability t further explre hw things g n. "。
第四段的主要点是"All t ften we accept the engage further with him",即我们常常接受社交媒体提供给我们的人们的形象,然后我们就会觉得我们对一个人有了足够的了解,不需要和他进一步接触。再结合次要点"cnnect s deeply with technlgy"可知:我们接触技术过深,特别是手机,将误导我们接受人们在社交媒体上的形象,而不是深刻地理解他们。本句可以概括为"Clse expsure t technlgy, phnes in particular, will mislead us int accepting peple’s virtual images nline rather than have a deep insight int them."。
第五段的主要点是"develping curisity in the 21st century, then, is t rely less n the tech tls f ur age",即为了培养好奇心,应该少依赖科技工具。换句话说,为了培养好奇心,不要过分依赖科技。本句可以概括为"T develp curisity, we shuldn’t depend n technlgy excessively"。
本文前两段讲好奇心的重要性,第三、四段讲技术对好奇心的不利影响,故第二、三句之间可加表转折的词but/hwever/nevertheless等;第三、四句之间是递进关系,故可加表示递进关系的词语in additin/besides/what’s mre/additinally等;最后一句是总结句,前面可加s/therefre等连接词。
【参考范文】
Curisity, as is revealed in research, is vital t students’ academic perfrmance. It als brings many unexpected discveries.(要点1)Hwever, up-t-date technlgy is nw killing curisity, hindering ur capability t further explre hw things g n.(要点2)Additinally, clse expsure t technlgy, phnes in particular, will mislead us int accepting peple’s virtual images nline rather than have a deep insight int them.(要点3)Therefre, t develp curisity, we shuldn’t depend n technlgy excessively.(要点4)
Writing 1[2021福建福州一中质检]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Yu might think that whether yu chse a blue shirt r a yellw ne fr wrk r cllege makes n difference t yur day and the peple arund yu. Hwever, an increasing number f experts argue that the clrs we chse affect ur mds, ur career prspects (前景) and even ur health.
The pwer f clr has been used fr centuries and we shuld make the mst f it in ur lives. Clr affects us t a greater degree than mst f us realize. It is used increasingly by psychlgists and therapists fr influencing mds and states f mind, and fr varius types f treatments when we are ill.
Cmpanies use clr t great effect t encurage us t buy their prducts. Fr example, purple is seen t represent creativity and mixes well with red, t shw that a cmpany has ideas and the pwer t make them happen. Orange and blue are als recmmended clrs fr cmpanies t use, because range is the clr f cmmunicatin and blue suggests safety and security. S this culd be a particularly gd cmbinatin. Cmpanies have fund certain clrs "speak" t specific age grups. They ften use red t attract yunger peple t their prducts, fr example, as it is vibrant and mre yuthful than clrs like gld and navy, which lder custmers seem t prefer.
Wearing different clrs can affect hw yu feel and hw thers react t yu, s it is imprtant t cnsider this when yu decide what t wear in the mrning. If yu want peple t take yu seriusly, then wearing navy-blue r black is gd. Blue wuld als be helpful fr an interview r ral examinatin because it relaxes yu and makes yu feel calm. Red gets yu nticed by everyne and makes yu, the wearer, feel energetic, but be careful, as it can raise yur pulse rate and nt everyne wants this effect.
S think carefully befre yu leave the huse. The clrs yu chse are a wnderful tl. Are yu making the right impressin — n yurself and n thers?
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Writing 2[2021浙江宁波中学测试]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The Thebrma caca tree prvides us with ne f the wrld’s mst delicius fds — chclate! Thebrma is a Greek wrd meaning fd. The tree riginally cmes frm the Amazn regin f Suth America. Hand-sized pds that grw n the tree cntain caca seeds — ften called "cca beans". These seeds,r beans,are used t make chclate.
The earliest use and cnsumptin f caca beans dates back t arund 1000 B.C. Later, the Mayan and Aztec civilizatins cnsumed caca as a drink. They ften flavred it with ingredients such as chili peppers, and ther spices.It is believed that drinking cups f chclate was imprtant in Mayan rituals such as wedding ceremnies. Cnsuming caca was als believed t have psitive effects n health. In Peru, eating r drinking a mixture f chclate and chilies was said t be gd fr the stmach. The Aztecs thught it culd even cure sickness!
Christpher Clumbus, alng with Spanish explrers, made his furth vyage acrss the Atlantic in the early 1500s, and arrived n the cast f Hnduras. It was at this time that he first discvered the value f cca beans,which were used as currency in many parts f Central America.
In the sixteenth century, chclate was taken back t Spain by Hernand Crtez, anther explrer. The Spanish peple added ingredients such as sugar and vanilla t make it sweet. It later spread t France in the seventeenth century. The ppularity f chclate cntinued t spread further acrss Eurpe and the Americas. The nly Asian cuntry t adpt it at that time, thugh, was the Philippines, which the Spanish invaded in the sixteenth century.
As chclate became mre ppular, the demand fr peple t wrk n the caca plantatins increased. Slaves were brught t the Americas frm Africa t farm the caca. Eventually, the caca tree was taken t Africa and cultivatin began there. Tday, the African plantatins prvide almst seventy percent f the wrld’s caca, cmpared with ne and a half percent frm Mexic.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 3[生活感悟]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。
These days ur sciety develps rapidly and frces peple t rush. It appears that peple have gt used t being in a hurry. Hwever, it’s better fr peple t take their time and live their lives at a slwer pace than t hurry t get things dne.
The main reasn that cnvinces us t ppse ding wrk in a hurry is the pssibility f ding wrng in a rush. When peple d their jbs r take actin in a hurry, they can’t make a sund decisin and prbably regret it later. As the saying ges, "Haste makes waste." We shuld think carefully befre making a decisin and d ur wrk less quickly. We shuld nt make mistakes by ding wrk hurriedly.
Slwing dwn the pace f life helps peple enjy their life better. Fr example, taking a train t sme place certainly will take mre time than taking a plane. Hwever, taking a train makes peple have enugh time t get t knw a lt f new friends. Besides, it allws peple t fully enjy the beautiful scenery alng the way. On the cntrary, being in a hurry will make us lse chances f enjying ur life.
Finally, a slwer life pace prvides better health cnditin fr us. As is knwn t all, taking actin in a hurry bthers peple and raises their stress. Peple think if they are nt in a hurry, they will becme a lser and that annys them. But being in a hurry can hurt peple bth physically and mentally. Accrding t sme studies, peple wh have a slwer pace suffer fewer diseases, tend t be happier and live much lnger than thse whse life is tense, even if the frmer finish wrk mre slwly than the latter.
In shrt, wrking quickly will bring abut mre material benefits t make ur sciety mre advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjyment, friends and health, which are much mre imprtant than mney and ther material advantages. Therefre, take yur time and live yur life at a slwer pace.
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阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Artificial intelligence (AI) teachers can prvide custmized teaching fr students t meet their unique requirements thrugh analyzing data and deep learning. In the future, they may replace human teachers fr basic teaching tasks. Since sme students may find it hard t fllw teachers in class, AI can meet their individual needs, give them cnfidence and put new pwer int traditinal teaching patterns. An educatin system prviding custmized teaching centered n students represents the future trend f AI educatin.
China’s AI educatin has develped rapidly in recent years with the rise f several thusand relevant cmpanies. Currently, AI teachers are able t help students learn prnunciatin, analyze their cnditin, guide them t learn independently, and even grade writing assignments. Sme freign AI educatin systems have been intrduced int several dmestic schls and have wrked well n trial.
Hwever, the prmtin f AI educatin is still facing several difficulties in practice such as lw technlgical levels, the inadequacy f data and lack f funds. AI educatin still depends largely n human teachers’ wrk. Mst imprtantly, it cnflicts with current educatinal patterns because the curses develped by freign cuntries are nt suitable fr Chinese exam-riented educatin. Teachers may als find it hard t change their riginal rles in classrms since easing cntrl n classes may make them seem irrespnsible. These prblems need t be handled befre the mass prmtin f AI educatin.
With AI teachers, the riginal teacher-centered classes will be transfrmed int student-centered nes where teachers nly rganize the class and prvide guidance. Since teachers are suppsed t nt nly equip students with knwledge but als shape their values and help them develp creative abilities, AI teachers will nt replace human teachers but nly pse higher requirements f teaching. A cmbinatin f AI teachers and human nes can create the best future fr AI educatin.
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Writing 1[健康]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
As humans, we’re all cmpletely different. S there isn’t a ne-size-fits-all answer t being yur healthiest self. Instead, yu have t have the ability t wrk ut what’s the greatest n yur bdy. And that is at all times ging t depend upn things that have an effect n yu persnally, tgether with the lifestyle that yu chse.
What plays the mst imprtant rle is what yu daily eat. Natural trans fats(反式脂肪)are present in small quantities in milk prducts and meats, and cnsuming fat-free r lw-fat milk prducts and meats will cut back the quantities f pure trans fats taken in frm these fds. Because quantities f natural trans fats in milk prducts and meats are really small and these fds can be essential surces f vitamins, these fds d nt need t be remved frm the fd plan.
Anther methd that yu culd help yur bdy is t be a bit mre lively. We all knw that exercise is gd fr us. Hwever, it’s simple t underestimate(低估) its gd. Fr example, we can ften see that many peple quit exercising halfway because they simply can’t tlerate the difficulty that exercise brings them. Actually, it is easy t have the intentin t take up exercise but it is very challenging t carry it n until yu can see the psitive effect that exercise brings yu.
Hw healthy yu are is indicated by the level f a substance in yur bld referred t as hmcysteine(高半胱氨酸). Keeping yur hmcysteine level lw, indicating that yu’ll be able t rapidly adapt and respnd t life’s stresses, is the third secret f 100 percent health. A lw hmcysteine level means a smaller risk f heart attacks, mental illness and many ther health issues. T balance yur bld sugar, eat fewer fast-releasing meals (sweets, cakes and biscuits) and mre slw-releasing fds (fruit and vegetables, whlegrain fds). Additinally, yu must eat slwly rather than just swallw.
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Writing 2[科技]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Scientists have already shwn that genetic engineering can rapidly spread a self-destructive genetic mdificatin(基因改造)thrugh a species. Researchers have been ready t test it in msquites. If prved successful, the new technlgy might cause msquites as a species t die ut. A questin is raised: D humans have the right t use gene extinctin(灭绝) against ther species?
With msquites, there may seem t be enugh reasns fr sme t say "yes". Accrding t data frm the Wrld Health Organizatin, msquites cause the death f at least 725,000 persns annually by spreading deadly diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, yellw fever and type-B encephalitis. S many argue that we have the right t pay msquites back and defend urselves.
Hwever, a basic rule f evlutin is that every existing creature has reasn t exist, and is part f the Earth’s ecsystem as a whle. Ending ne species might lead t chain reactins beynd the expectatins f everyne. If msquites die ut under the genetic attack f humankind, it is pssible that certain frgs, spiders, as well as birds might die ut, t, because they hunt msquites fr fd. Then species that feed n these might die ut and s n up the fd chain. Even with the best intentins, gene drives culd ptentially change the fd chain and wipe ut beneficial creatures alngside the "pests" being targeted when released int the envirnment. Besides, if peple decide they have the right t end msquites, they might chse t end ther species they cnsider "harmful". Wh gets t decide which species is the next t g extinct?
While vting against the prpsal t temprarily ban the release f genetically-driven creatures, the United Natins Cnference n Bi-Diversity did require the researchers f genetically-driven msquites t evaluate the pssible effects f their research t avid unnecessary harm. Gene drives are being annunced as a quick fix, but we can never be t cautius abut interfering(干涉)with nature.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 3[环保]
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In the deepest dive in a manned submersible(潜艇), US explrer Victr Vescv sptted and vide-recrded a plastic bag and a pile f candy wrappers n the seabed. His discvery f plastic waste 11.2 kilmeters belw sea level in the Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean, the deepest knwn pint in the Earth’s ceans, means there is nwhere n this planet plastic waste cannt reach, as it has been fund n Munt Qmlangma and in bth Arctic and Antarctic waters.
Since the patent(专利)fr plastics was registered in 1907, 8.3 billin tns f plastic prducts have already been prduced, f which 6.3 billin have been gtten rid f withut being prcessed. Mst f the abandned plastic prducts end up in the cean. In the Pacific Ocean, plastic garbage and ther waste have already frmed an island, which is 1.6 millin square kilmeters in size. It is estimated that the ttal weight f plastic waste will reach 12 billin tns by 2050, mre than the ttal weight f ceanic fish.
Plastic waste kills life in the ceans and n the land alike by filling in their stmachs s they cannt eat, r winding itself arund their bdies s they cannt breathe. It pllutes the Earth and prevents plants’ rts frm digging deep int the grund. Plastic micr-particles(微颗粒)als jin the water cycle and enter the bdies f animals and even humans. As humans are at the tp f the fd chain, plastic micr-particles build up inside ur bdies.
Want t d smething t change the situatin? Dn’t get plastic bags at the supermarket but take yur wn reusable ne instead. Give up fast delivery lunches and ck r g t the restaurant instead. Get int the habit f srting yur garbage. But it’s easier said than dne. Envirnmentalists have been calling fr behaviral changes fr at least three decades, yet we cntinue t use a grwing amunt f plastic prducts. Maybe we can hpe a new envirnmentally friendly material is used in the future, but fr nw at least, unless we cntrl its use, plastic is ging t cntinue t get everywhere.
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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Writing 4
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Perhaps yu’ve heard the ld saying "curisity killed the cat". It’s a phrase that’s ften used t warn peple — especially children — nt t ask t many questins. Yet it’s widely agreed that curisity actually makes learning mre effective. In fact, research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in determining hw well students d in schl.
Curisity can als lead us t make unexpected discveries, bring excitement int ur lives, and pen up new pssibilities. In science, curisity-driven research can have unexpected imprtant benefits. Fr example,ne day in 1831, Michael Faraday was playing arund with a cil and a magnet when he suddenly saw hw he culd prduce an electrical current. At first, it wasn’t clear what this culd be used fr, but it actually made electricity available fr use in technlgy, and s changed the wrld.
Hwever, curisity is currently under the biggest threat cming frm technlgy. On ne level, this is because technlgy has becme s advanced that many f us are unable t think t deeply abut hw exactly things wrk any mre. While it may be pssible fr a curius teenager t take a taster apart and make sense f hw it wrks, hw much d yu understand abut what happens when yu type a website address int a brwser?
In additin t this, there’s the fact that we all nw cnnect s deeply with technlgy, particularly with ur phnes. The mre we stare at ur screens, the less we talk t ther peple directly. All t ften we accept the images f peple that scial media prvides us with. Then we feel we knw enugh abut a persn nt t need t engage further with him.
That means we end up inside ur wn little bubbles, n lnger cming acrss new ideas. Perhaps the real key t develping curisity in the 21st century, then, is t rely less n the tech tls f ur age.
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答 案
题型七 概要写作
Writing 1
【写作指导】
本文属于说明文,文章主要说明了颜色对我们生活多方面的影响。
第一段的主要点是"an increasing number f experts argue that the clrs we chse affect ur mds, ur career prspects(前景) and even ur health",由此可知,专家们认为我们选择的颜色会影响我们的心情、职业前景甚至健康。可以概括为"Sme experts claim that the clrs chsen by us affect ur mds, careers and health."。
第二段的主要点是"Clr affects us t a greater degree than mst f us realize",由此可知,颜色对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大得多;次要点是"It is used increasingly by psychlgists and we are ill",由此可知,色彩也被用于医疗。综合主、次要点信息可知,色彩对我们的影响比我们大多数人意识到的要大,并且它现在还用于医疗。可以概括为"The effect f clr is greater than expected and it is nw used fr medical care."。
第三段的主要点是"Cmpanies use clr t great effect t encurage us t buy their prducts",次要点是"Cmpanies have fund certain clrs ‘speak’ t specific age grups",由此可知,本段讲述的是公司将颜色应用于促销,以吸引不同年龄段的人。可以概括为"Cmpanies apply clr t sales prmtin t appeal t different age grups."。
第四段的主要点是"Wearing different clrs can affect hw yu feel and hw thers react t yu",第五段的主要点是"think carefully befre yu leave the huse",次要点是 "making the right impressin"。这两段都是讲衣服颜色的重要性,可以合并为一个要点:因为衣服的颜色会影响我们的感受和别人对我们的反应,所以我们穿什么很重要。可以概括为"As the clr f ur clthes can affect ur feelings and thers’ reactins t us, what we wear matters."。
第二段讲述色彩可用于医疗,第三段讲述色彩还可以用于商品促销,所以可用als, mrever, what’s mre或in additin等衔接第二句与第三句。
【参考范文】
Sme experts claim that the clrs chsen by us affect ur mds, careers and health. (要点1)The effect f clr is greater than expected and it is nw used fr medical care. (要点2)Als, cmpanies apply clr t sales prmtin t appeal t different age grups. (要点3)As the clr f ur clthes can affect ur feelings and thers’ reactins t us, what we wear matters.(要点4)
Writing 2
【写作指导】
本文属于说明文,主要讲巧克力的来源、巧克力的使用及食用历史、巧克力的价值和它的流行。
第一段的主要点是"The Thebrma caca tree prvides us !",次要点1是"The tree riginally cmes frm the Amazn regin f Suth America",次要点2是"These seeds,r beans,are used t make chclate",由此可知,本段讲述的是巧克力是由来源于南美洲亚马孙地区一种可可树的种子制成的,可以用"Chclate is made frm the seeds f the caca tree, a native plant f the Amazn regin f Suth America."概括。
第二段的主要点是"The earliest use and cnsumptin f caca beans dates back t arund 1000 B.C.",次要点1是"cnsumed caca as a drink",次要点2是"have psitive effects n health"。合并要点信息可知,本段讲述喝巧克力饮料的悠久历史及其对身体的有益影响,可以用"Drinking chclate has a lng histry and is gd fr health."概括。
第三段的主要点是" first discvered the value f cca beans"。第四段的主要点1是"In the sixteenth century, chclate was taken back t Spain",主要点2是"It later spread t France",主要点3是"cntinued t spread further acrss Eurpe and the Americas",主要点4是"The nly Asian cuntry t adpt it"。结合第三、四段的要点可知,这两段主要讲述的是哥伦布首先发现了可可豆的价值及巧克力在欧洲和世界其他地方的传播,可以概括为"Clumbus discvered the value f cca beans, and then chclate began t spread acrss Eurpe and the rest f the wrld."。
第五段的主要点1是"As chclate became mre ",主要点2是"the African plantatins prvide almst seventy percent f the wrld’s caca",次要点是"the caca tree was taken t Africa and cultivatin began there"。由此可知,由于巧克力需求增长,种植可可树在非洲流行起来,目前非洲的种植园已成为全球最大的可可生产地,即"With the demand fr chclate grwing fast, cultivatin started in Africa, which has nw becme the largest caca prducer wrldwide."。
【参考范文】
Chclate is made frm the seeds f the caca tree, a native plant f the Amazn regin f Suth America.(要点1) Drinking chclate has a lng histry and is gd fr health.(要点2)Clumbus discvered the value f cca beans, and then chclate began t spread acrss Eurpe and the rest f the wrld.(要点3)With the demand fr chclate grwing fast, cultivatin started in Africa, which has nw becme the largest caca prducer wrldwide.(要点4)
Writing 3
【写作指导】
(1)抓住主要论点,理清论证关系。材料为议论文,第一段就提出了文章的论点,即人们要放慢生活节奏;第二、三、四段分析了要放慢节奏的原因;第五段总结全文,再次强调论点。
(2)研读核心信息,合理处理论据。论据是让论点更易被人接受的支持性事实材料。所给材料中的第二、三、四段举了一些例子,分析了放慢节奏的好处。因而,在进行概要写作的时候,我们需要对论据进行适当的安排与处理。
(3)确立语篇主题,合理重组结构。材料第一段首先表明了文章的中心论点,即"Despite being accustmed t the fast pace in mdern sciety, peple are recmmended t lead a slwer life"(要点1);第二段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之一,即"Slwing dwn lwers the pssibility f cmmitting errrs by cmprehensive thinking" (要点2);第三段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之二,即"Mre pprtunities t enjy life are allwed by a slwer pace" (要点3);第四段论述了要放慢节奏的原因之三,即"Better health cnditin is als what a slwer life brings" (要点4);第五段总结全篇,即"Live a slwer life frm nw n"(要点5)。通过以上分析,我们可以发现材料的论述结构:提出论点(要点1)——论据论证(要点2—4)——总结全篇(要点5)。在概要写作的时候,我们必须首先确定采取何种表达顺序来完成对材料中心的表述。
【参考范文】
Despite being accustmed t the fast pace in mdern sciety, peple are recmmended t lead a slwer life.(要点1) Firstly, slwing dwn lwers the pssibility f cmmitting errrs by cmprehensive thinking.(要点2)Secndly, mre pprtunities t enjy life are allwed by a slwer pace.(要点3) Lastly, better health cnditin is als what a slwer life brings.(要点4) Therefre, let’s live a slwer life frm nw n.(要点5)
Writing 4
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:人工智能教师可以通过分析数据和深度学习为学生提供个性化教学以满足他们的独特需求。未来它们可能会取代人类教师来完成基本的教学任务。
Paragraph 2:近几年,中国的人工智能教育发展得很快,现在人工智能教师已经能够帮助学生学习发音、分析学生的(学习)状态、引导学生自主学习,甚至能够给学生批改作业。有些国外的人工智能教育体制已经被引进国内的一些学校,并在试用中表现出色。
Paragraph 3:然而,人工智能教学的推广仍面临着许多困难,如技术水平低、数据不足、资金匮乏等。此外,人工智能教学很大程度上依然依靠人类教师。最重要的是,人工智能教学与我国现行教育模式有所冲突。在普及人工智能教学之前,这些问题亟待解决。
Paragraph 4:随着人工智能教师的出现,之前的以教师为主导的课堂将转变为以学生为主导的课堂,教师只起组织和指导的作用。人工智能教师不会取代人类教师,反而对人类教学提出了更高的要求。人类教师和人工智能教师的结合将会为人工智能教育创造一个最好的未来。
【参考范文】
AI teachers catering fr students’ persnalities can prvide students with persnalized teaching t meet their needs and may serve as an apprpriate alternative t implement basic teaching tasks.(要点1) China has seen rapid develpment in AI educatin in the past years.(要点2) But many prblems like pr technlgy, inadequate data and a shrtage f funds shuld be slved befre the wide applicatin f AI educatin.(要点3) Despite the advantages f AI teachers, human nes will never be replaced; instead, bth will play their jint rles in the future teaching.(要点4)
Writing 1
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:作为人类,我们完全不同。因此,就如何成为最健康的人,没有一个万能的答案。这取决于对你个人有影响的事物以及你选择的生活方式。
Paragraph 2:影响健康最重要的因素是你的日常饮食。奶制品和肉类中存在少量的天然的反式脂肪,而这些食物是维生素的重要来源,因此无须把它们排除在你的饮食计划之外。
Paragraph 3:保持健康的另一种方式是让你的身体更加活跃一些。锻炼对我们有好处,但其好处很容易被低估。许多人会因不能忍受锻炼的困难而半途而废。事实上,有意进行锻炼很容易,但要坚持锻炼直到看到锻炼带来的积极影响很困难。
Paragraph 4:血液中高半胱氨酸的水平表明了你的健康程度。保持低水平的高半胱氨酸意味着你可以快速适应生活压力并作出反应,并且可以降低一些疾病发生的风险。
【参考范文】
There’s n fixed answer t being the healthiest — things affecting yu persnally and yur life chices bth matter. (要点1) Therefre, t stay healthy, yu must pay attentin t yur daily diet but needn’t exclude fds cntaining natural trans fats.(要点2) Additinally, taking exercise isnecessary but yu must stick t it t enjy the benefits.(要点3) Mrever, keeping a lw hmcysteine level is als a gd way, which can help yu deal with stresses and reduce the risk f health prblems.(要点4)
Writing 2
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:科学家已经表明,基因工程可以在一个物种中迅速传播自我毁灭性的基因改造。研究人员已经准备在蚊子中测试这一点。如果被证明是成功的,这项新技术可能会导致蚊子这一物种灭绝。一个问题被提出来:人类有权对其他物种进行基因灭绝吗?
Paragraph 2:对于蚊子,似乎有足够的理由让一些人说"是"。根据世界卫生组织的数据,蚊子每年通过传播致命疾病导致至少72.5万人死亡。因此很多人认为,我们有权报复蚊子,保护自己。
Paragraph 3:然而,进化的一个基本规则是每一个现存的生物都有存在的理由,并且是地球生态系统的一部分。终结一个物种可能会导致超出每个人预期的连锁反应。如果蚊子在人类的基因攻击下灭绝,某些青蛙、蜘蛛以及鸟类也有可能灭绝,因为它们捕食蚊子。然后,以这些动物为食的物种也可能灭绝,按食物链以此往上类推。即使是出于最大的善意,基因攻击也可能改变食物链,在被用到生态环境中时,不仅消灭目标"害虫",而且有可能消灭有益生物。此外,如果人们决定他们有权终结蚊子,他们可能会选择终结他们认为"有害"的其他物种。谁来决定下一个灭绝的物种?
Paragraph 4:联合国生物多样性会议在否决暂时禁止释放基因驱动生物的提案的同时,确实要求基因驱动蚊子的研究人员评估其研究的可能影响,避免不必要的伤害。虽然基因攻击被认为是一种快速的解决方法,但在干涉自然这件事上我们越谨慎越好。
【参考范文】
Scientists have been ready t test a self-destructive genetic mdificatin in msquites, which may end the species, but it aruses dubts.(要点1)Sme believe we shuld d s, because msquites spread deadly diseases yearly.(要点2)But thers think it will damage the ecsystem and related species might becme extinct.(要点3)In a wrd, we shuld be careful abut gene drives, cnsidering their likely effects.(要点4)
Writing 3
【文章大意】
Paragraph 1:塑料垃圾已经到达地球的每一个角落,包括海洋的最深处、珠穆朗玛峰及南北极海域。
Paragraph 2:自1907年塑料专利注册以来,大量塑料制品被生产出来,且大多数的塑料垃圾最终都流入了海洋。据估计,到2050年塑料垃圾的总重量将达到120亿吨,超过了海洋鱼类的总重量。
Paragraph 3:塑料垃圾杀死了海洋和陆地生物,污染了地球,而且塑料微颗粒在动物甚至人类体内积聚。
Paragraph 4:要改变这种现状,我们应该使用可重复使用的袋子,不点外卖而是自己做饭或外出就餐,并养成垃圾分类的习惯。尽管这说起来容易做起来难,但是我们必须改变我们的行为来减少塑料的使用。
【参考范文】
Plastic waste has reached every crner f the Earth, including the deepest pint in the cean, the highest muntain and plar regins.(要点1)And it will cntinue t grw rapidly, mst f which eventually flws int the ceans.(要点2)Plastic waste kills sea life and land life. It pisns the grund, and its micr-particles accumulate in the bdies f animals, even humans.(要点3)In spite f difficulty, changes in actin must be made t cut dwn plastic use.(要点4)
Writing 4
【写作指导】
本文是议论文。文章提出好奇心和智力同样重要,它影响学生的成绩而且还可以使我们有一些意想不到的发现,然而,科技对好奇心有很多的负面影响,因此作者提出要减少对科技工具的依赖来培养好奇心。
第一段的主要点是"research has shwn that curisity is just as imprtant as intelligence in determining hw well students d in schl",表达的意思是"研究表明好奇心与智力同样重要,决定着学生在学校的表现",可以概括为:研究表明,好奇心对学生的成绩至关重要,即"Curisity, as is revealed in research, is vital t students’ academic perfrmance."。
第二段的主要点是"Curisity can als lead us t make unexpected discveries",表达的意思是"好奇心也带来许多意想不到的发现",可以概括为"It als brings many unexpected discveries."。
第三段的主要点是"curisity is currently under the biggest threat cming frm technlgy",次要点是"technlgy has becme s advanced that many f us are unable t think t deeply abut hw exactly things wrk any mre"。综合主、次要点可知,最新的技术正在扼杀好奇心,阻碍了我们进一步探索事物发展的能力,即"Up-t-date technlgy is nw killing curisity, hindering ur capability t further explre hw things g n. "。
第四段的主要点是"All t ften we accept the engage further with him",即我们常常接受社交媒体提供给我们的人们的形象,然后我们就会觉得我们对一个人有了足够的了解,不需要和他进一步接触。再结合次要点"cnnect s deeply with technlgy"可知:我们接触技术过深,特别是手机,将误导我们接受人们在社交媒体上的形象,而不是深刻地理解他们。本句可以概括为"Clse expsure t technlgy, phnes in particular, will mislead us int accepting peple’s virtual images nline rather than have a deep insight int them."。
第五段的主要点是"develping curisity in the 21st century, then, is t rely less n the tech tls f ur age",即为了培养好奇心,应该少依赖科技工具。换句话说,为了培养好奇心,不要过分依赖科技。本句可以概括为"T develp curisity, we shuldn’t depend n technlgy excessively"。
本文前两段讲好奇心的重要性,第三、四段讲技术对好奇心的不利影响,故第二、三句之间可加表转折的词but/hwever/nevertheless等;第三、四句之间是递进关系,故可加表示递进关系的词语in additin/besides/what’s mre/additinally等;最后一句是总结句,前面可加s/therefre等连接词。
【参考范文】
Curisity, as is revealed in research, is vital t students’ academic perfrmance. It als brings many unexpected discveries.(要点1)Hwever, up-t-date technlgy is nw killing curisity, hindering ur capability t further explre hw things g n.(要点2)Additinally, clse expsure t technlgy, phnes in particular, will mislead us int accepting peple’s virtual images nline rather than have a deep insight int them.(要点3)Therefre, t develp curisity, we shuldn’t depend n technlgy excessively.(要点4)
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