高二英语寒假作业同步练习题动名词作宾语含解析

动名词作宾语

1．It's easier to _________ (骑自行车) with the wind behind you. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】cycle

【详解】考查动词。句意：顺风骑自行车会更容易。此处是不定式，to后加动词原形，动词“骑自行车”是cycle。故填cycle。

2．She took out a map and indicated the quickest _______  (路线) to us. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】route

【详解】考查名词。句意：她拿出一张地图，指给我们最快的路线。由形容词最高级the quickest修饰用名词，“路线”是route，且indicate后接名词作宾语。故填route。

3．I found him in the ___________ (走廊) nervously pacing up and down. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】corridor

【详解】考查名词。句意：我发现他在走廊里紧张地踱来踱去。由 the修饰用名词，“走廊”是corridor，故填corridor。

4．Located off-centre in the irregularly shaped lake was a __________ (喷泉). (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】fountain

【详解】考查名词。在这个形状不规则的湖中有一个喷泉。根据不定冠词a和中文提示“喷泉”可知，这里用名词的单数形式。故填fountain。

5．It seemed __________ (难以置信的) that people would still want to play football during a war. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】incredible

【详解】考查形容词。句意：在战争期间人们还想踢足球，这似乎令人难以置信。此处是形容词作表语，“难以置信的”是incredible，故填incredible。

6．The government wants figures that help it to administer its policies and plan _______ (提前地). (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】ahead

【详解】考查副词。句意：政府需要数据来帮助它管理政策和提前计划。修饰动词plan用副词，“提前地”是ahead，故填ahead。

7．The novel's central_________  (主题) is the ongoing conflict between men and women. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】theme

【详解】考查名词。句意：这部小说的主题是男女之间永无休止的冲突。空前有形容词central，此处缺少一个中心名词做本句的主语，故填theme。

8．She pressed her foot down sharply on the brake ________ (脚踏板) . (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】pedal

【详解】考查名词。句意：她把脚重重地踩在刹车踏板上。brake pedal表示“刹车踏板”，为名词短语，故填pedal。

9．What is the reason for the game's enduring _________ (吸引力)? (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】appeal

【详解】考查名词。句意：这个游戏一直有吸引力的原因是什么？空前有形容词enduring修饰，空处应填名词，故填appeal。

10．I've been on an emotional roller _________ (过山车) since I've been here. (根据汉语意思填空)

【答案】coaster

【详解】考查名词。句意：自从我来到这里，我的情绪就像坐过山车一样。由 an修饰用名词单数，“过山车”是roller coaster，故填coaster。

语法专题（动名词做宾语）

动名词做宾语的情形：

1. 作及物动词宾语   

Would you mind opening the window?

The girl practices playing violin every evening.

2. it 作形式宾语，代替动名词.

3.作动词词组的宾语 

4.介词的宾语

Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.

He always thinks much before doing anything. it

5.既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词，但意义不同 

The radio needs / requires / wants ____________________________（repair）.

5）接doing 又可接to do 的动词:

I forget to take the medicine. 我忘记吃那个药。

I forget taking the medicine. 我忘记把那个药吃了。

They stopped to talk. 他们停下来开始讲话。

6）常接动名词的动词或动词短语：

 此类动词有：admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest......如：

We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.

It can avoid damaging the environment or people's health.

练习：

11．Most Danes are used to _____ (see) between 50%-70% of their salary going to the government. （所给词的适当形式填空）

【答案】seeing

【详解】考查动名词。句意：大多数丹麦人习惯了看见他们50%到70%的工资被政府拿走。“be used to”意为“习惯于……”，to是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故填seeing。

12．This does not mean that people have stopped __________(appreciate) traditional Chinese culture. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】appreciating

【详解】考查动名词。句意：这并不意味着人们不再欣赏中国传统文化。动词stop后可以接动词不定式或动名词作宾语，stop to do sth.表示停下原来做的事情，去做另一件事情，而stop doing sth.表示停止做某事，结合句意可知，此处表示停止做某事，所以空处需用动名词作宾语。故填appreciating。

13．At the weekends, I play computer games if I’m not busy ______ (study). （所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】studying

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在周末，如果我不忙于学习，我就玩电脑游戏。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”是固定用法，用动名词作宾语，故填studying。

14．To save the environment, we should not be addicted to ________(use) cars.(所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】using

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了拯救环境，我们不应该沉迷于使用汽车。短语be addicted to doing sth.表示“沉迷于做某事”，后跟动名词作宾语。故填using。

15．They spent so much time _____________(improve)their reading ability. （所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】improving

【详解】考查动名词。句意：他们花了很多时间来提高阅读能力。根据句意和句中spent可知，句子讲述的是过去的事，为一般过去时，improve意为“提高，改进”，动词词性，句中涉及“spend time (in) doing sth.”，意为“花费时间做某事”，improve的动词ing形式为improving。故填improving。

16．Steel is produced by__________________________(combine) iron with carbon. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】combining

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：钢是由铁和碳组合起来炼成的。空格在介词by后，应该用动名词作介词的宾语，故填combining。

17．With the development of electronic payment, more and more people are taking to __________ (book) their flights online. （所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】booking

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着电子支付的发展，越来越多的人开始在网上预订机票。根据句意表示“开始做某事”可知短语为take to doing sth.。故填booking。

18．Karry burst out______(cry) when her boyfriend said goodbye. （所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】crying

【详解】考查动名词。句意：当她男朋友说再见时，凯莉突然哭了起来。burst out后接动名词作宾语，意为“突然做某事”，根据句意，故填crying。

19．As an exchange student, it took me a long time to adjust to _______(live) alone in Australia.（所给单词适当形式填空）

【答案】living

【详解】考查动名词。句意：作为一名交换生，我花了很长时间才适应独自生活在澳大利亚。分析句子可知，设空处前面的to为介词，后应接动名词作宾语，故填living。

20．Neighbors devoted their spare time to__________(help) others rebuild homes. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】helping

【详解】考查非谓语。句意：邻居们利用业余时间帮助别人重建家园。短语devote...to...，意为“把……用于......”，其中to为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，根据句意和搭配，所以填helping。故填helping。

阅读理解

 A Kenyan teacher who gave away . most of his monthly salary (工资)to poor people has won a $1 -million Global Teacher Prize.

In 2016, Peter Tabichi came to Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School, a public school, in a faraway Kenya s Rift Valley. The school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory, as well. To make matters worse, the students came from poor families where basics like food and clothing were hard to come by. While these difficulties would have caused most people to leave quickly, Tabichi stayed.

Realizing that starving kids make for poor students, the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them. He set up a science club to get kids interested in the topic. “Our laboratory does not have everything, but I encourage them to think wider and use what we can get locally. ”

Tabichi and other four teachers regularly visit low-achieving, at-risk, students at their homes to provide one- on-one help and to understand the difficulties these children face daily.  Tabichi also encourages parents to allow girls to continue their high-school education.

Tabichi's efforts have made a difference. School registration (注册)has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came . In 2017, 16 of the 59 graduating students went to college, while in 2018, the number rose to 26. In 2017 , five students qualified(有资格)for the Intel ISEF (International Science and Engineering Fair). This year, two other students will compete in the 2019 Intel ISEF to be held in Phoenix, Arizona.

The teacher, however, owes his success to his students, saying,"I am only here because of what my students have achieved. This prize gives them a chance. It tells the world that they can do anything. " As would be expected, Tabichi plans to spend the prize money on his school community and to feed the poor.

21．What is the text mainly about?

A．A school located in a Kenya's Rift valley became famous.

B．A Kenyan teacher helping poor students won Global Teacher Prize.

C．A Kenyan teacher helped girls to continue their high-school education.

D．Five Kenyan students qualified for the Intel ISEF for their performance.

22．What can we know about Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School?

A．It had dozens of teachers. B．It was in the of a city.

C．It owned a modem lab. D．It was in poor condition.

23．Which word can be used to describe Peter Tabichi?

A．Honest. B．Wealthy. C．Kind. D．Humorous.

24．Which is the closest number of students when Peter Tabichi began teaching there?

A．90. B．190. C．290 D．390.

【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 24．B

【分析】本文为记叙文。肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于非洲科学教育，他因此荣获2019年“全球教师奖”和100万美元的奖金。

21．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“A Kenyan teacher who gave away most of his monthly salary(工资) to poor people has won a $1-million Global Teacher Prize.”及全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于非洲科学教育，从而荣获2019年“全球教师奖”的故事。故选B。

22．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory”可知，学校只有一台电脑，与因特网的连接也有问题。它也没有图书馆或实验室。因此这所学校条件很差。故选D。

23．推理判断题。根据第三段的“the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them”可知，他把工资的80%拿出来资助贫困学生，据此可以判断Peter Tabichi为人善良，乐善好施。故选C。

24．细节理解题。根据第五段的“School registration(注册) has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came.”可知，目前学校注册人数翻了一番，达到了将近400人，可见当Peter Tabichi初次来到这所学校时，学生人数约为200人。故选B。

【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解一般可分为：直接理解题（在原文中直接找到答案，常用why/what/when/who/how等提问）；语意转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在着表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工整理后方能得出结论）；语意理解型（答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案）；正误辨析题及排序题等。第4小题属于细节理解题中的语意转化题。根据第五段的“School registration(注册) has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came.”可知，目前学校注册人数翻了一番，达到了将近400人，可见当Peter Tabichi初次来到这所学校时，学生人数约为200人。做这类题目时，抓住文章中的事实和细节是做好该类题的关键，也是做好其他类题的基础。

写作（改错）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,  请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。

修改: 在错词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

During the Spring Festival, I watch a sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth with my friends. The movie direct by Guo Fan is very popular in China. It is set in 2075, where the earth is no longer safe to live. Unlike most western movies, the heroes do not give up the earth. Instead, they choose to save the earth by send it to another so-like system. I was deep impressed by the three generation of a Chinese family. They devote them to the mission. The movie conveys lots of Chinese values, but I think it is quite worth seeing it.

【答案】1.watch→watched      2.direct→directed     3.where→when     4.live后面加on          

5.send→sending       6.deep→deeply7.generation→generations      8.them→themselves

9.but→so                    10.去掉seeing后面的it

【分析】本文为说明文。作者对自己和朋友一起看的科幻电影《流浪的地球》进行简单的介绍及评价。

【详解】

1.考查时态。句意：春节期间，我和朋友们一起看了一部科幻电影《游荡的地球》。根据时间状语during the Spring Festival可知，本句要用一般过去时，故把watch改为watched。

2.考查非谓语作定语。句意：由郭凡导演的电影在中国很受欢迎。分析句子可知，本句中的the movie 被direct by Guo Fan修饰，the movie与动词 direct by Guo Fan是被动关系， 过去分词作定语表示被动，故把direct改 为directed。

3.考查定语从句的引导词。句意：电影发生在2075年，那时生活在地球上不再安全了。分析句子可知，本句中的2075是先行词，在定语从句中作状语，要用关系副词when，故把where改为when。

4.考查动词不定式。句意：电影发生在2075年，那时生活在地球上不再安全了。动词不定式做定语，修饰前面的the earth。生活在地球上要用live on，因此在live后面加on 。       

5.考查动名词。句意：他们通过把地球送到另一个类似太阳系的方式来拯救地球。介词后加动名词作宾语，by doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“通过......，凭借......”，故把send改为sending。

6.考查副词作状语。句意：我被一个中国家庭的三代人所感动。修饰动词impressed要用副词，故deep改为deeply。

7.考查名词的数。其中的generation前有数词three，指的是“三代人”，要用复数形式。故要用generation的复数形式generations。

8.考查反身代词。句意：他们全身心投入到这项任务中。根据语境可知，此处要用反身代词，即“他们把他们自己投入到......”，故把them改为themselves。

9.考查连词。句意：这部电影传达了很多中国人的价值观，因此我认为它很值得一看。分析前后两句可知，二者是因果关系，而不是转折关系，故把but改为so。                   

10.考查固定用法。句意：我认为它很值得一看。“sth. be worth doing...”为固定句式，其中sth.是doing的逻辑宾语，此处是用主动表被动，doing后不能再有it，故去掉seeing后面的it。