阅读理解（含解析）-2018-2021年重庆中考英语真题汇编

这是一份阅读理解（含解析）-2018-2021年重庆中考英语真题汇编，共35页。

2018-2021年重庆中考英语真题汇编-阅读理解DE篇
2021年重庆中考 A卷
D
2021 is the year of the ox(牛). In March, a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting, Five Oxen. came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China, as well as the importance of agriculture (农业) in history.
Han Huang(723 -787) was the painter of Five Oxen. He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty. His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive. Unluckily, Five Oxen is probably his only painting left.
Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history. In the painting, the five oxen are in a line. They are of different colors and shapes. And each has a different appearance (形态) , walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. With lively expressions and bright eyes, the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints (抱怨). As the name suggests,________. It makes people focus(关注) on the oxen themselves.
The painting was missing in 1900. Luckily , it returned to China during the early 1950s. However. it was terribly broken with many holes in it. Great efforts were made to save it. Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
1.The underlined word " It" in Paragraph l refers to”_________”.
A. The year of the ox
B. The set of stamps
C. The Tang Dynasty
D. The painting Five Oxen
2.Han Huang's paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so________.
A. alive
B. bright
C. lucky
D. colorful
3.Which of the following sentences can be put in the_________?
A. the ox is very popular in the Tang Dynasty
B. the ox is a symbol of Chinese traditional culture
C. the painting is of the five oxen with no special background
D. the painting wants to tell people to work hard and creatively
4.This passage mainly wants to tell us that_________.
A. Five Oxen is Han's only painting left
B. oxen have different colors and shapes
C. oxen are very hard-working animals
D. Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。《五牛图》是唐朝韩滉创作的名画，现收藏于北京故宫博物院。文章主要介绍了《五牛图》的内容以及它的意义。
1.B【解析】指代判断题。通读第一段第二、三句可知，3月份发行了一套唐代名画《五牛图》的邮票，它让更多的人对中国古代艺术有了更好的了解。由此可推知，it指代的是那套《五牛图》的邮票。故选B。
2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive.”可知，韩滉画的动物非常鲜活，因此他的绘画作品受到许多人的喜爱。故选A。
3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据空格前的“As the name suggests”及空格后的“It makes people focus（关注）on the oxen themselves.”可知，顾名思义，《五牛图》这幅画没有什么特别的背景，只是让人们关注牛本身。故选C。
4.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句"Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.”可知，《五牛图》可能是中国最古老的纸画，现在被保存在北京的故宫博物院。由此可推知，文章主要是想告诉我们《五牛图》是一幅非常珍贵且有意义的画作。故选D。

E
Historically, most cars have run on gasoline (汽油)but that may change in the future :cars can also run on' other liquid fuels(液体燃料) and electricity.
Gasoline is from oil. The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons(碳氢化合物). Gasoline provides great power for cars. However, it causes environmental problems, like air pollution and temperature rise. So gasoline can't be the best fuel. .
Another choice is electricity. Electric cars can be as efficient(效能好的) as cars using gasoline. And they produce less pollution. But electric cars themselves are more expensive. Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
The other choices are other liquid fuels. Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline, and used in the same cars. They can also be friendly to the environment.
One way to make such fuels is to get CO2 from the air and put it in water. Through chemical reaction, hydrocarbons can be created. However. these fuels take up more space.
Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air. These fuels are greener in use. But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.
For a fuel to be the best, people have to be able to afford it. Unluckily, almost every green technology is more
expensive than that of using gasoline. Governments and car producers are doing everything they can to cut down the costs. In the end, the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.
1.Gasoline provides cars with__________.
A. great power
B. fresh air
C. clean water
D. enough space
2.According to Paragraph 3, we can infer that electric cars__________.
A. produce less pollution
B. will become more and more expensive
C. will become more popular
D. are more efficient than those using gasoline
3.The structure of the passage may be____________.

4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. How Do We Protect Our Planet?
B. What Are the Fuels' Differences?
C. What Is the Best Fuel for Cars?
D. How Do We Make Fuels for Cars?
答案:【文章大意】本文是一属说明文，文章主身介绍了几种汽车燃料，并分析了它们的利料，最后提由最好的汽车超科是汽车使用者负担得蚂且环保的燃料。
1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Gasoline provides great power for cars.”可知，汽油为 汽车提供强大的动力。故选A。
2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010．”可知，好消息是，自2010年以来，电动汽车的成本已经降低，而且会有越来越多的地方为汽车供电。由此可推知，电动汽车会越来越受欢迎。A项可在原文中（第三段第三句）找到，无须推断，不符合题意。故选C。
3.B【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题，除了汽油之处，汽车也能依靠其他液体燃料或电力来运行；第二至四段分别讲述为汽车提供动力的汽油、电力及其他液体燃料；第五、六段讲述的是如何制造液体燃料；最后一段总结，最好的燃料是汽车使用者负担得起且环保的燃料。故选B。
4.C【解析】标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同的汽车燃料及其利弊以及制造液体燃料的途径，最后提出经济环保型燃料才是最好的。C项“什么是最好的汽车燃料？”能概括文章大意，适合做标题。故选C。



2021年重庆中考 B卷
D
In September, 2020 , I had the chance to come to China for the first time and visited Yunnan Province.
On the first day , we went to a village named Xiaopingzhai. I was amazed to discover that a small tea factory could bring in 6 million yuan a year with only 20 workers.
The next stop of our trip was the village of Kangmian. Many families now live there after leaving uninhabitable (不适合居住的) areas. The new village has 450 housing units. There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs so that they can support themselves. Of the 1 331 villagers, 609 now have jobs.
In Shuiduichong, a traditional Yao ethnic(瑶族) group village , we visited the workshops for making silver ornaments(饰品) . We discovered the skill had a history of more than 200 years. Besides the traditional use of silver ornaments in Yao culture , _____________.
A set of silver ornaments can be sold for between 10 000 and 20 000 yuan on the market. The making of silver
ornaments creates jobs in the village. Shuiduichong now has more than 20 family workshops.
This trip was over. I have realized that through the hard work of the Chinese government, great changes have taken place in Yunnan. These impressive ( 印象深刻的 ) results should serve as an example for other developing countries.
1.The trip followed the way of _________.
A. Xiaopingzhai→Shuiduichong→Kangmian
B. Xiaopingzhai→Kangmian→Shuiduichong
C. Kangmian→Shuiduichong→Xiaopingzhai
D.Kangmian→Xiaopingzhai→Shuiduichong
2.In Kangmian the government helps the people by_________.
A. selling products
B. giving money
C. opening factories
D. providing jobs
3.Which of the following sentences can be put in the_________.
A. tourists like them very much
B. these objects have a high value
C. people buy them as gifts
D. they can be seen everywhere
4.The structure of the passage may be_________.
(①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2 ③= Paragraph 3 ④ = Paragraph 4 ⑤ = Paragraph 5 ⑥=Paragraph 6)

答案: 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去云南的旅途中发现中国的农村人民在政府的努力建设下已经摆脱了贫穷，过上了富足的生活的故事。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“On the first day，we went to a village named Xiaopingzhai.”、第 三段第一句“The next stop of our trip was the village of Kangmian.”及第四段第一句中的“In Shuiduichong”可知，作者的旅行地顺序是Xiaopingzhai→Kangmian→Shuiduichong。故选B。
2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第句中的“There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs”可知，在Kangmian，政府通过 提供工作来帮助人们。故选D。
3.B【解析】推理判断题。通读倒数第二段可知，银饰品在市场上有很高的价值，而且制作银饰品给农村的人们提供了工作。由此可推知，空格处所在句指瑶族文化中银饰品的传统用途以及这些物品有很高的价值。故选B。
4.D【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了作者第一次有机会来中国并在云南省游玩；第二、三、四、五段具体讲述了作者的游历经历；最后一段讲述了旅行结束后作者的感受。故选D。

E
A new contact lens (隐形眼镜片)has been developed by scientists from America, Britain and China. It can check for illnesses at any time by examining chemicals in tears. A new sensor(感应器) is used to achieve the purpose.
Scientists hope that the improvement could help to deal with sudden medical events. Dr. Zhao Yunlong said,
" COVID-19 has had a great influence on the scientific world. And we are doing research to help people deal with
similar events in the future. "
When introducing the new contact lens, Dr. Cuo Shiqi, a researcher at Harvard. said, "In the past, the sensor was put between the layers(层) of the lens. It didn't have direct contact(接触) with tears. But our new sensor is smaller and smarter. It can be fixed to a lens and keep direct contact with tears. What's more. it causes no discomfort to the eye. "
The contact lens has not been put to the market, but researchers are quite sure that it will be welcomed. It is
especially useful for the old and those who may experience sudden medical events.
As society develops, scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience(便利) for people. The contact lens is one of what they are researching on. Earlier, a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology. It can show the health information on the mobile phone. Steve Sinclair, head of the company, said, "We have to build something that helps you when you need it and stays off when you don't need it. "
1.According to Dr. Zhao Yunlong; they do this research because_________.
A. they are experienced
B. they are asked to do so
C. they want to fight COVID-19
D. they want to help people
2.The advantage of the new sensor is that__________.
A . it is put between lenses
B. it is much cheaper
C. it is smaller and smarter
D. it can be used for many years
3.The writer writes the last paragraph by giving_________.
A. an opinion and facts
B. an opinion and answers
C. a question and facts
D. a question and answers
4.The best title of this passage probably is________.
A. Sensors: Science and Technology
B. Contact Lenses: Care and Convenience
C. The Most Useful Product
D. Great Companies of Contact Lens
答案：【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种最新研制的隐形眼镜片可以随时监测人们的疾病及这种隐形眼镜片中所安装的新式感应器的优点
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句”And we are doing research to help people deal with similar events in the future.”可知，他们做这项研究是为了帮助人们应对将来发生的类似事件。故选D。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第三句＂Bat our new sensor is smaller and smarter，”可知，这种 新式感应器更小且更智能，故选C。
3.A【解析】写作手法题。根据最后一段第一句“A society develops, scientists are supposed to develop more products that provide care and convenience（便利）for people，“可知，作者提出随着社会的发展，科学家们应该开发更多为人们提供关心和便利的产品的观点：再根据最后一段第二、三句“The contact lens is one of what they are researching on. Earlier, a California company developed another kind of contact lens using LED technology.”可知，紧接着作者给出了两个例子。由此可知，作者是通过给出观点和实际事例来写最后一段的。故选A。
4.B【解析】标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种最新研制的隐形眼镜，以及它给人们提供的关心和便利。故选B。


2020年重庆中考 A卷

D
When Goldie Nejat began developing robots in 2005, she spent much of her time knocking on doors to let people know how her robots worked but few showed interest. " But now, it's different , "says Nejat. " People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready. "
Nejat's robots are designed to fill an increasing need: care-giving for the old. The population of the people over age 80 will be 426 million in 2050, three times larger than that now.
Such robots could be especially useful for patients with Alzheimer's disease (老年痴呆症). They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding(提醒) the patients of taking their medicine. They can also play games with patients to keep them active.
Some have worried that care-giving robots might reduce (减少)human interaction(互动)and cause more humans to lose their jobs. " But the aim is to support human care , not to take the place of it," says Brian Scassellati. He has tested robots with different patients, and found that daily interaction with robots can help children with autism spectrum disorder(自闭症障碍) improve social skills.
As a field grows, scientists aim to understand human-robot relationships better. Do robots offer advantages because they don't have feelings and don't give opinions? Will patients lose interest?
“One thing is clear," Scassellati says." Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will
increase in the future. "
1.Nejat's robots are designed to________.
A. work in the factory
B. make phone calls
C. take care of the old
D. knock on doors
2.The writer starts the passage by_________.
A. telling two stories
B. comparing two facts
C. raising a question
D. giving an example
3.The main idea of Paragraph 3 is_________.
A. what the robots can do
B. what serious problems the robots cause
C. what the old people can do
D. what the old people think of the robots
4.According to Scassellati, we can infer that Nejat's robots_______.
A. will have feelings soon
B. can take the place of humans
C. should be produced more
D. won't give their own opinions
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Nejat研发的一种能照顾老人的机器人，并具体介绍了这种机器人的功能、应用场景以及前景。
1．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Nejat’ s robots are designed to fill an increasing need: care-giving for the old.”可知，Nejat 设计该款机器人的目的是照顾老人。故选C。
2．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but few showed interest”及＂People calling from around the world ask when my robots are going to be ready.”可知，第一 段讲述了不同时间段人们对这种机器人的不同态度。由此可推知，作者是通过对比这两种不同的情况来开始这篇文章的。故选B。
3．A【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段最后两句“They can help with everyday activities from preparing food to reminding（提醒）the patients of taking their medicine. They can also play games with patients to keep them active.”可知，本段讲述了机器人可以帮助患老年痴呆症的病人做一些日常活动，也可以陪他们玩耍让他们保持活跃。由此可推知，本段主要讲述了这种机器人的功能。故选A。
4．C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Robots can provide care for the customers and the need for that will increase in the future.”可知，Scassellati 认为人们对该款机器人的需求未来还会增加，因此Nejat的机器人应该大量生产。故选C。

E
"Humans can develop certain abilities we aren't born with by practicing animals' movements," the traditional Chinese Wushu lovers believed in the past-and still do today.
Chinese Five-Animal Exercises, also known as Kuqinxi, are the first complete set of qigong exercises
following the movements of animals: monkeys, deer(鹿) ,birds. bears and tigers. They were created by one of the
greatest doctors in Chinese history, Hua Tuo, more than I 800 years ago.
The Five-Animal Exorcises are well-designed to help blood circulation(循环),and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve the health.
" The bear movements , are good for the stomach. The tiger movements can reduce movements help reduce the fat around the waist(腰). The bird movements can help keep our knees healthy and the monkey movements can be good for the heart, " said Hua Yi. the 59th inheritor(继承人) of Wuqinxi.
For those new learners, the first few exercises might not go well. You may find it hard to focus(集中注意力). Wear comfortable clothes, keep peaceful in your mind, try to move slowly. . . Little by little, you'll feel more and more harmonious with nature. You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer, walking in the forest freely.
These exercises need no tools and they are easy to learn. You can search online for the videos and practice them at any time when you feel like relaxing your body and mind. Because it's fun to practice and good for health, Five-Animal Exercises are becoming more and more popular in recent years , not only in China, but also in many other places of' the world.
1.People practice Five-Animal Exercises in order to________.
A. fight against enemies
B. protect wild animals
C. improve the health
D. play as a group game
2.1f your grandfather has a pain in the back,_______ may help him a lot.
A. the bear movements
B. the monkey movements
C. the bird movements
D. the tiger movements
3.The underlined word " harmonious" in Paragraph 5 probably means_________.
A.兴奋的
B.和谐的
C.敬畏的
D.肤浅的
4.The structure of the passage may be________.
( ① = Paragraph l ②= Paragraph 2③Paragraph 3④= Paragraph 4⑤= Paragraph 5⑥ = Paragraph 6)

答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了五禽戏的起源、对身体的益处及练习五禽戏的建议。
1．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The Five-Animal Exercises are well-designed to help blood circulation（循环），and let the energy go smoothly in the body so as to improve the health.”可知，练习五禽戏有益于身体健康，所以人们练习五禽戏的目的是改善健康状况。故选C。
2．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The tiger movements can reduce the pain in the back.”可知， 虎戏可以缓解背痛，即虎戏可能对背痛的人有帮助。故选D。
3．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后一句"You may even feel you become a tiger or a deer, walking in the forest freely.”可知，练习五禽戏会让人觉得自己变成了动物，在森林里自由地行走。由此可推知，练习五禽戏会让人融入自然，与自然和谐相处，因此画线词应意为“和谐的”。故选B。
4．A【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一、二段主要介绍了五禽戏的起源；第三、四段主要介绍了五禽戏对身体的益处；第五、六段主要介绍了作者给练习五禽戏提的建议。故选A。


2020年重庆中考 B卷
D
In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury（埋）it. On the other hand，we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way?
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people's health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can't make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations（一代人）.
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018,China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting（分类）.Cities like Shanghai，Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai，waste sorting is a new fashion（时尚）.More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
1.The writer starts the passage by
A. telling stories
B. comparing numbers
C. raising questions
D. giving suggestions
2.The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 2 means ”in Chinese.
A.可享受的
B.可持续的
C.可借鉴的
D.可复活的
3.From the passage, we know that .
A. waste does harm only to the environment
B. those who break the law may not be punished
C. China stops getting waste from developed countries
D. waste sorting starts to become popular in China
4.The structure of the passage may be
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3④=Paragraph 4 ⑤=Paragraph 5 ⑥=Paragraph 6)

答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国对地城处理所采取的精施。
1．C【解析】写作手法题，根据第一段第二句、第六句和第八句可知，作者是通过提出问题的方式来展开这篇文章的。故选C。
2．B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句“It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development." 和最后一句“We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations（一代人），”可知，垃圾会阻碍环境保护和可持续的发展。由此可推知，画线词应意为“可持续的”。故选B。
3．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段第三句“More will join them soon.”及第四句中的“waste sorting is a new fashion（时尚）”可知，政府鼓励人们进行垃圾分类，且越来越多的人正在养成垃圾分类的习惯。由此可推知，垃圾分类开始成为一种新的潮流。故选D。
4．A【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国现如今如何处理垃圾问题，所以排除C、D项；第三段总述中国开始重视垃圾的危害；第四至六段分别讲述了我国意识到垃圾的危害后所采取的行动，是分述。故选A。

E
Facial recognition technology（人脸识别技术）is widely used today. For example, police use it to search for bad guys. It's also used to unlock phones or doors.
Now, a similar technology, known as facial detection（探测），is entering a new field：the business of advertising （广告）.
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores. One facial detection system can judge a person's "happiness" or “fear" level. That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store. Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses. If so, stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards. Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings-from “very happy" to “very unhappy".
Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.
Some are against the idea of using such systems. Pam Dixon，the head of a privacy（隐私）group，is one of them. She thinks .For example, a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.
However, one store testing the technology explained they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages. And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos.
1.Facial detection technology can tell people's according to the passage.
A. weight
B. feelings
C. height
D. jobs
2.Which of the following sentences can be put in the ”________”?
A. nobody likes to have their feelings collected
B. it is very important to protect people's privacy
C. the strange actions may cause something unfair
D. businesses may use them to have more customers
3.We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology
A. can detect buyers' names and record them
B. is put inside some large advertising boards
C. may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores
D. may need some time before being widely used
4.The best title of the passage may be“_______”
A. Facial Recognition Technology Entering a New Field
B. Facial Recognition Technology Looking for Bad Guys
C. Facial Detection Technology Going into Advertising Field
D. Facial Detection Technology Improving Buyers' Experience
答案: 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人脸探测技术新应用于广告领域；以及其应用原理及人们对它的评价。
1．B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“One facial deflection system can judge a person's 'happiness' or ＇fear＇level，”中的“happiness”和“fear”可知，这个人脸探测系统可以判断人的情感。故选B
2．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“For example, a business could raise the price of a product according to a person＇s age and feelings.”可知，商家可 能会根据人脸探测系统判断出的购买者的年龄和情感来提高价格。由此可推知，“奇怪的行为会造成一些不太公平的事情发生”符合语境。故选C。
3．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience" 及第六段第一句“Some are against the idea of using such systems.”可知，人们对此技术是有争议的，也就是说，人脸探测技术在广泛使用之前仍需要一些时间。故选D。
4．C【解析】标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了人脸探测技术逐渐应用于广告领域。C项“人脸探测技术进入广告领域”能概括文章主旨，适合做标题。故选C。

2019年重庆中考 A卷
D
Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Here's something you can do.
Be calm（冷静）.Sometimes，you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry can't solve problems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring you more problems. In the school，everyone involved（卷入） in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are no winners in a fight.
Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say "stop" before walking away. Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesn't stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby.
Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is not really helpful to him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.
1.The underlined word "attack" in Paragraph 3 means "in Chinese.
A.拥抱
B.攻击
C.阻止
D.吸引
2.Which of the following sentences can be put in the ?
A. Face bravely.
B. Join in a fight.
C. Learn to refuse.
D. Talk to someone.
3.The passage is written to________.
A. help students keep away from fights
B. warn students not to fight
C. advise students to help each other
D. encourage students to work hard 55,The passage is written in a(an)
4.The passage is written in a(an) ___________ tone(语气).
A. sad
B. angry
C. serious
D. crazy
答案：【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了避免打架的三个方法。
1．B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say＂stop””，最后一句中的“cry for help”及语境可推知，此处指如果你知道有人正在你身后一步一步靠近你，想袭击你，你应该把手放在身体前并转过身去对他说“停”；如果他不停下来，你就大声求援。由此可推知，attack意为“袭击”。故选B。
2．C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Learn to say no.”可推知，该段的主题是学会拒绝。故选C。
3．A【解析】写作意图题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段最后两句“But how can you keep away from a fight？Here＇s something you can do.”可知，文章主要对于如何避免打架给出了三点建议。由此可推知，本文的写作目的是帮助学生避免打架。故选A。
4．C【解析】观点态度题。作者在本文中通过举例子、打比方等说明方法，就如何避免打架为学生提供了三点建议。由此可推知，作者的语气是严肃的。故选C。

E
Imagine a world with no more wild animals: no elephants, no tigers or lions. To some people, that thought is too terrible for words. So they are doing something about it. Tiffany Soechting is one of them.
Being among wild animals-feeding them and caring for them-is all Tiffany Soechting has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does!
Soechting is the human "mother" to the 500 animals that live on her family wildlife farm in San Antonio, Texas, On the farm, she cares for animals from around the world. Soechting says she loves them all. However, two reticulated giraffes（网纹长颈鹿）take up a special place in her heart. Their population in the wild has become smaller by 80% in the last 15 years.“I'm so glad to get help from five wildlife researchers that took giraffes up to a higher level. All our hard work helps protect giraffes living in the wild.”
Besides her animal caring, Soechting also holds monthly classes, where she teaches school children about the animals.
Soechting also opens the farm to the public. Visitors not only learn about the animals, they can also get close to them. And the animals are not against that. For them, people are part of their natural environment.
The farm is part conservation（保护）area，part educational center and part animal park. As the animals walk peacefully around the grounds, it is easy for them to forget that San Antonio, a busy city, is just a few minutes away. 1.“Soechting is the human "mother' to the 500 animals" shows .
A. she has already married and has some children
B. the animals on the farm are taken good care of
C. the animals can get along well with each other
D. she teaches school children about animals well
2.The structure of the passage may be________.

3.According to the passage, Soechting is_________.
A. confident but lazy
B. humorous and lovely
C. wise but careless
D. kind and hard-working
4.The best title of the passage may be"
A. How to Save Wild Animals
B. Soechting and Her Wild Animals
C. Two Reticulated Giraffes
D. A World Without Wild Animals
答案 ：【文章大意】本文是一篇报道。文章主要讲述了Tiffany Soechting 致力于保护野生动物的故事
1．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的＂she cares for animals...she loves them all”并结合这 句话可知，Soechting把这些动物当成了自己的孩子由此可推知，这些动物得到了很好的照顾。故选B。
2．D【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章前两段先总地介绍 Soechting 在农场上照顾动物们；三至五段介绍Soechting 在保护动物方面的一些具体行动；最后一段简单介绍这个农场的位置和社会意义。故选D。
3．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Being among wild animals-feeding them and caring for them-is all Tiffany Soechthing has wanted to do with her life. And that is exactly what she does！”可知，Soechting很善良； 根据第三段最后一句“All our hard work helps protect giraffes living in the wild.”和她保护动物的具体行动可知，Soechting 努力工作。故选D。
4．B【解析】标题概括题。本文主要讲述了Tiffany Soechting致力于保护野生动物的故事。由此可推知，文章的最佳标题应是“Soechting和她的野生动物”。故选B。



2019年重庆中考 B卷

D
Isn't spring a beautiful season? Flowers of all colors and shapes can be seen everywhere. They make our world look and smell belter. So, it is no surprise that people love flowers！Well..except for one-dandelions（蒲公英）！
In order to have a tidy garden, we try our best to kill all dandelions or dig them out-only to see these unwanted plants grow right back. But that's not bad because we have good reasons to leave them alone.
In fact, a 2014 study lists dandelions as one of the top 41 healthiest foods. Dandelions are full of vitamins（维生素） K,A,E and C. They have long been used as medicine.
Another great thing about dandelions is that you can eat every part of them, either cooked or uncooked. You can also put the flowers or roots（根） in hot water to make dandelion tea. Great! Nothing goes to waste!
Besides, dandelions are fun for kids! Pick the white top, close your eyes, make a wish and blow! If you blow all of it off in one breath, your wish will come true! This game is played all over the world.
Still unwanted plants? Of course not! Dandelions are good for human health as well as our kitchen. They also provide kids with free toys! So next time when you are blowing them, blow harder-you're helping this great plant grow in the wild, even if your own wish does not come true!
1.The first paragraph is mainly to draw readers' attention to
A. flowers
B. colors
C. shapes
D. dandelions
2.According to the passage, dandelions________.
A. have no flowers
B. can not be eaten
C. are easy to kill
D. are healthy plants
3.By blowing dandelions, kids can most probably_________.
A. kill them
B. have fun
C. make tea
D. have everything
4.If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best?
（①＝Para．（自然段）1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥=Para.6)
A.①②;③④⑤;⑥
B.①②;③④;⑤⑥
C.①②③;④⑤;⑥
D.①;②③;④⑤⑥
答案: 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒲公英给人们带来的一些好处，并号召人们正确认识蒲公英。
1．D【解析】目的意图题。根据第一段最后两句“So，it is no surprise that people love flowers! Well...except for one-dandelions（蒲公英）！”可推知，第一段主要是为了引起读者对蒲公英的注意。故选D。
2．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In fact，a 2014 study lists dandelions as one of the top 41 healthiest foods．”可知，蒲公英是有益于健康的植物。故选D。
3．B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段前两句"Besides, dandelions are fun for kids! Pick the white top，close your eyes，make a wish and blow！”可知，通 过吹蒲公英，孩子们可以玩得很开心。故选B。
4．A【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章前两段介绍了人们对蒲公英的一些误解；第三、四、五段介绍了蒲公英的一些好处；最后一段总结全文，呼应开头。故选A。

E
When "A Youthful Asia" came out at the Asian Culture Carnival（嘉年华），tears filled my eyes. It＇s Zhang Yixing，the singer and dancer standing there for us young people in China, and the very one who stopped me from falling,
Three years ago, my new school life began. As a junior boy from the countryside, I could hardly keep up. I tried, but still felt like an outsider. Nobody would pick me for teamwork. So I stayed in the comer, hanging my head low as if I didn't care. There was a fear in me that all my school life would be colorless.
Then on May 4,I saw "colorless" in Yixing's book about his life. How could this be true for someone just named the youth idol（青年偶像）？I read the book again，smiling with the fun part of his childhood and touched by his promise to his mum.
Something wet my eyes when he joked about his training years in Korea. He doubled his practice, pushing himself so hard as to be called “the trainee（练习生）like god＂.He said it probably meant “the trainee like mad".
I might have tried, but not as hard as he did. “Whenever I feel I might be falling, I tell myself to hold on until I find my moment," says Yixing. For me, this moment means a better self inside and a larger world outside. Sol told myself I would also make a difference if I could hold on for a longer time.
Luckily, every Youth Day after that, Yixing would be there on CCTV, encouraging me with his progress. When someone asked him what color his training life was, Yixing smiled, “It's colorless. I don't know what color effort is."
But effort pays. Now he's standing at the Asian Culture Carnival, and I know he is looking forward to something even bigger.
1.When the writer just moved to the city, he__________.
A. enjoyed his new school life
B. had a hard time at his new school
C. stood outside the classroom
D. wanted to go back to the countryside
2.Zhang Yixing was called “the trainee like god because________.
A. he kept his promise to his mum
B. he pushed everything away from him
C. he was really good at telling jokes
D. he spent so much time in practicing
3.The writer mainly wants to tell us that_______.
A. sometimes people choose to live a life without color
B. we can make a difference if we work hard enough
C. great effort can make you a great singer and dancer
D. school life can be full of colors if we read more books
4.We can infer（推断）that the writer________.
A. is ready for a trip around the world
B. is learning to sing and dance
C. is expecting a better future for himself
D. is writing a book about himself
答案：【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被张艺兴的奋斗历程鼓舞的故事。
1．B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，作者换了一座城市上学，没有人愿意选他合作，所以他躲在角落里。他很害怕自己的校园生活变得黯淡无光。由此可推知，当作者刚搬到这座城市时，他在新学校过得很艰难。故选B。
2．D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“He doubled his practice, pashing himself so hard as to be called＇the trainee（练习生）like god，”可知，张艺兴被称为“练习生之神”，是因为他花了大量的时间来练习。故选D
3．B【解析】目的意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了张艺兴努力练习，最后成为优秀的歌手和舞者的故事。由此可推知，作者主要想告诉我们，如果我们是够努力，我们就可以有所作为。故选B
4．C 【解析】推理判断题。通过作者对张艺兴事迹的介绍并结合最后一段第一句“But effort pays.”可知，作者相信付出就会有所回报。由此可推知，他也对自已的未来充满了希望，期待自己有一个更好的未来故选C


2018年重庆中考 A卷
D
A cup of coffee is a good way for many people to start their day. It can also pass on kindness.
Manyang Kher used to be a Sudanese child refugee（难民）.When he was three years old，his village was burnt in the war. He was separated from his parents and never saw them again. He became one of the 20 000 young Sudanese who had to leave their home for Ethiopia's Gambella area. He lived there as a refugee for 13 years.
When he was 16,Kher went to the United States. While he was in college, he started a program to help the refugees．Now，he owns a coffee company（公司）called 734，which is a part of his program. The company has helped more than 200 000 refugees living in the Gambella area till now. Kher said," I know the difficulties and pains they face every day. You see kids die from hunger. You see kids dying of illnesses. You see kids running away from the refugee camp to find a place to be home, but die on the way.”
Eighty percent of the money made by the coffee company is used to send more of the children to school. And, as Kher explains, the money helps refugees to help themselves. For example, a cup of 734 coffee can also buy one fishing net（网） for a refugee. They can fish for themselves．
Kher sells the coffee online and to coffee stores. Megan Murphy owns a coffee store in Washington, D. C. She serves 734 coffee in her store and people love it. The coffee tastes delicious, so it's a win-win on both sides.
1.Kher left his home when he was three years old because_________.
A. his parents opened a store
B. his village was burnt in the war
C. he had to move to the US
D. he lost his home in an earthquake
2.Kher helps the refugees by________.
A. making fishing nets
B. offering coffee to them
C. starting a program
D. sending them back home
3.We can infer from this passage that ____.
A. Kher sells his coffee both online and to coffee stores
B. you're helping the refugees when enjoying 734 coffee
C. coffee from Megan Murphy's store tastes delicious
D. Megan Murphy is one of the refugees in Gambella
4.The writer wrote the passage to________.
A. sell 734 coffee and make money
B. show his love of 734 coffee
C. teach refugees to fish for themselves
D. introduce Kher's program
答案：【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Manyang Kher的人生经历。他曾是苏丹难民，三岁时家乡遭遇战火，被迫离开家园，16岁时去了美国，大学时创立了包括734咖啡公司在内的帮助难民的项目，咖啡公司所赚的钱大部分都用来帮助难民。
1．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Whenhe was three years old, his village was burnt in the war.”并结合下文描述可知，Kher三岁时，由于家乡遭遇战火，他不得不离开家乡。故选B。
2．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“While he was in college, he started a program to help the refugees.”可知，上大学的时候，Kher便创办了一个项目来帮助难民。故选C。
3．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“The company has helped more than 200 000 refugees．．．”和
第四段第一、二句＂Eighty percent of the money made by the coffee company is used to send more of the children to school. And...the money helps refugees...”可知， 当你喝咖啡时，你就是在帮助难民。 故选B。
4．D【解析】写作意图题。通读全文可知，第一段“A cup of coffee is a good way for many people to start their day. It can also pass on kindness.”是本文的主题句；结合全文内容可知，本文旨在介绍由Manyang Kher创办的项目。故选D。

2018年重庆中考 B卷

D

As the saying goes," Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day, Teach a man to fish, and yon feed him for a lifetime.＂This is the way the charity organization Heifer International（国际小母牛慈善组织）wants to end world hunger.
It began in the 1930s when an American famer, Dan West, went to Spain to help people in need. He tried to feed the people with milk. But it seemed that there would never be enough milk. It made him think that what they needed was" not a cup, but a cow".
Dan West returned in America He worked together with some friends to find ways to end hunger. He believed giving animals and providing training would stop world hunger. With his help. Heifer International was set up.
On Heifer International's website, you will see a list of animals like cows, chickens, pigs and even fish and bees. You can offer help by buying some animals for one certain family Those animals will have babies. With more and more animal, these families will he able to support themselves. Once these families get better lives, they will pare on the act of kindness to others. More importantly. yon are buying the resources(资源)for programs run by Heifer International to help more families.
The programs also help small-sized farms. As a rule, each farmer must give his animals’ first female（雄性）baby to another in need. Heifer International also provides training on animals’ health and feeding, And these farmers all agree to teach others what they have learned as another rule.
However, there is sill a long way to go. The milk may nun out Bat if families have their own cows, they can get plenty of milk to feed themselves The organization wants the farmers to go on working together, helping each other and learning from each other. Maybe hunger can really be stopped
1.According to the passage, we know that Dan West__________.
A. set up a team in Spain
B. helped people with enough fish
C. was a Spanish farmer
D. helped set up Heifer International
2.Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the charity organization Heifer International?
A. Heifer International makes a list of animals on its website.
B. Farmers in the program must teach other how to feed animals.
C. Farmers in the program must give all the animals' babies to others.
D. Heifer International provides training on animals' health and feeding.
3.If we put the passage into four parts, which of the following is the best?
(①=Para.1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥=Para.6)
A.①;②③;④⑤;⑥
B.①:②③;④;⑤⑥
C.①②;③;④⑤;⑥
D.①②③:④;⑤;⑥
4.The best title of this passage may be“_________”.
A. Advice on Feeding Cows
B. A Cow Instead of a Cup
C. The Charity Organizations
D. An American Farmer
答案：【文章大意】本文是一篇报道.文章介绍了由 Dan West创办的“国际小母车”总善组织及其成立的原因
1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“With his help, Heifer International was set up“可知，Dan West帮助创办了“国际小母牛”慈善组织。故选D
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句” On Heifer International's website, you will see a list of animals like cows. chickens, and even fish bees.”可知，“国际小母牛”慈善组织的网站上列出了一系列动物的名单，故A项正确；根据第五段最后两句“Heifer International also provides training on animals＇ health and feeding. And these farmers all agree to teach others what they have learned as another rule.”可知， “国际小母牛”慈善组织还提供有关动物健康和饲养等方面的培训，而这些农民也必须将他们学到的知识教给其他人，故B、D两项正确；根据第五段第二句"As a rule, each farmer must give his animals' first female（雌性）baby to another in need.”可知，每个农民必须把第一个出生的雌性幼仔送给需要的人，故C项错误。故选C。
3．A【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了“国际小母牛”慈善组织的宗旨：授人以鱼不如授人以渔；第二、三段介绍了 Dan West 创办“国际小母牛”慈善组织的过程；第四、五段介绍了“国际小母牛”慈善组织帮助农民的方法及要求；第六段作者表达了对“国际小母牛”慈善组织未来的展望。故选A。
4．B 【解析】标题概括题。根据第二段最后一句“It made him think that what they needed was 'not a cup, but a cow.”并结合全文可知，“国际小母牛”慈善组织通过培训穷人饲养动物的方式来帮助他们，即“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”。故B项最适合作为本文标题。故选B。

模拟

D
How can you change negative(极其负面的) thoughts? Many people suggest thinking of something bright and happy. However, scientists from Queen's University in Canada said that there might be another way: by walking like a happy person .
"It is not surprising that our feeling affects how we walk, but we want to see whether the way we move also
affects how we feel," explained Nikolaus Troje, the lead scientist , to The Independent.
Scientists believe that the way we remember emotional(情绪的) messages is affected by our mood. Those who feel sad remember negative information far more easily than positive messages, especially when the information is about them.
In order to prove(证明) this, Troje and his team watched 47 people walking on the treadmill(跑步HL) by
cameras. Half of the people were encouraged to follow a depressive walking style, while the other half moved like a happy person. Walking speed was kept the same for both groups.
Meanwhile, the scientists read out a list of positive and negative words, asking people to decide whether or not each word described them well. Afterwards, people were asked to recall as many words as they could remember.
As expected, those who followed a depressed walk recalled more negative words than those that walk in a happy manner.
This shows that our walk influences the way we deal with information. And the scientists believe that using a
happy walking style could help with treatment for depression.
52.Scientists from Queen's University think that we can change negative thoughts by________.
A. remembering emotional messages
B. thinking about a happy person
C. walking like a happy person
D. hanging out with friends
53.What does the underlined word " depressive" mean in Paragraph 4 ?
A.快乐的
B.快速的
C.慢的
D.抑郁的
54.What do we know about Troje's test?
A. Scientists took photos of the walking styles of 47 people.
B. 47 people recalled all the words after walking.
C. 47 people were asked to walk at different speeds.
D. Those who walked like a happy man recalled more positive words than those that followed a depressed walk.
55.According to the story, the scientists' findings can help________.
A. treat depressed patients
B. improve one's acting skills
C. deal with memory loss
D. encourage people to exercise
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述科学家通过实验说明，可以通过快乐地走路来改变负面的消极情绪。
52.C【解析】细节理解题。通读第一段尤其是最后一句“However， scientists from Queen＇s University in Canada said that there might be another way: by walking like a happy person.”可知，科学家们认为我们可以通过像一个快乐的人走路那样来改变自己的消极想法。故选C。
53.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的＂while the other half moved like a happy person”可知， 此处表示与happy 相反的意思。由此可推知，depressive应意为“抑郁的”。故选D，
54.D 【解析】推理判断题。通读第四段和第六段可知，带着抑郁（情绪）走路的人比那些用快乐的方式走路的人记得更多的负面词汇。由此可推知，用快乐的方式走路的人比带着抑郁（情绪）走路的人记得更多积极的词汇。故选D.
55.A 【解析】细节理解题，根据最后一段最后一句"And the scientists believe that using a happy walking style could help with treatment for depression.可知，科学家们的这项发现可以帮助治疗抑郁症患者。故选A。

E
Columbus was an Italian. He believed the world was round, though few people knew or believed it at that time. He thought if he always went west, he would at last get to India. His friend, Isabella, the queen of Spain gave him support which made it possible for him to start his journey.
On August 3, 1492, Columbus started from Spain with three small ships. He and his men stepped into what was then an unknown sea. Many thought that they would never come back. On and on they went with their ships, not knowing where they were going !
For a long time there was nothing but wide waters all around them. Day after day, and night after night passed by. The men who were with him became scared, and tried to force him to return. But Columbus was brave and would not turn back. At last, a land appeared.
When the people of the island saw Columbus's ships, they were very surprised. They had never heard of Europe or the people who lived there. Columbus and his men filled their ships with fruits, vegetables, plants and animals. He even took some island people with him as he returned to Spain.
When the other countries of Europe heard of the great discovery of a new world, they wanted to share in its riches. So many things like bananas, sugar and cotton were brought into Europe from there. And these things changed Europe a lot.
The potato plant which was taken back to Europe also changed Europe. As it grew easily in Europe, it meant more food for the people there and so the population of Europe increased.
56.The men with Columbus tried to force him to return________.
A. after they saw the island
B. after they filled their ships with fruits
C. because they felt scared
D. because they took some island people
57.In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to tell us________.
A. people could 'grow potatoes easily in Europe
B. the population of Europe increased very fast
C. potatoes were of great importance to Europe
D. there were more foods to choose in Europe
58.We can infer(椎断) that________.
A. after Columbus returned, some Asian countries sent out ships to the new land
B. Columbus became very important in European history because of his discovery
C. when the people of the island saw the ships of Columbus, they were very surprised
D. Columbus took fruits, animals and even some island people with him as he returned
59.If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best?
(① = Para. I (自然段) ② = Para. 2 ③ = Para. 3 ④ = Para. 4 ⑤ = Para. 5 ⑥ = Para. 6)
A.①;②③④⑤;⑥
B.①②;③④;⑤⑥
C.①;②③④;⑤⑥
D.①②;③④⑤;⑥
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哥伦布探索美洲的过程与经历，以及这次航行的意义和影响。
56.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句The men who were with him became scared, and tried to force him to return.”可知，和哥伦布一起的那些人因为害怕而强迫哥伦布返航。故选C。
57.C【解析】推理判断题。通读最后一段第一句“The potato plant which was taken back to Europe also changed Europe.”可知，带回去欧洲的土豆也改变了欧洲。由此可推知，土豆对欧洲非常重要。故选C。
58.B【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了哥伦布探索美洲的过程与经历，这在欧洲历史上产生了深远的影响。故选B。
59.C【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出哥伦布要进行航行，第二至四段介绍了哥伦布美洲之行的经历，最后两段介绍了这次航行的意义和影响。故选C。

D
Do you find it difficult to get out of bed in the morning? Have you ever fallen asleep in class? Across the world, bedtimes are getting later and teenagers are sleeping less. Health experts suggest that teenagers should get around nine hours' sleep, but only a third of us get eight hours' sleep.
So what are the reasons for this? Well, stress is an important one. Like many young people, I find it hard to go to sleep before a big event such as an exam.
Our increasing use of technology may also be to blame. New research at King's College London shows that using electronic products before going to bed makes it more likely to sleep badly that night. And in the following day, this shortage of sleep can make it difficult to learn well in class.
But while many schools are trying to solve this problem by starting the school day later, some schools in the United States are trying something a bit different-they have set up sleeping areas, where students can sleep for 20 minutes in special chairs. I recently tried one of these chairs and my first thought was that it looked like something from a science-fiction film. It was an egg-shaped chair that reclined (斜躺) , with a round cover that could be pulled over on the top.
When I lay down on it, the top part slowly covered my head and upper body so that it became dark inside. Some people might find that scary , but I didn't mind , and the gentle music was quite nice. I started to feel sleepy, and that was all I could remember until the lights came on and I woke up. Then, when I got up, I felt more energetic than I'd been before.
Sleepy students can't pay much attention to their study. So the best way is to find ways to make sure they all get enough sleep either at night or in the day, so that nobody has to have class feeling tired.
52.The underlined phrase " be to blame" in Paragraph 3 probably means"_________.
A. be a reason
B. be a choice
C. be changed
D. be taken the place
53. _________ may be the picture of the special chair.

54. The writer's opinion about the special chairs is that_________.
A. he thought the chairs might be a little scary to lie on
B. he felt the chairs were uncomfortable and expensive
C. he wasn't sure whether they were necessary or not
D. he believed the chairs would help people sleep better
55.The structure of the passage may be_________.
(④ = Para. 1;② = Para. 2;③ = Para. 3 ; . . . )


答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了青少年的唾眠不足问题及其解决的方法。
52．A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段第一、二句“Our increasing use of technology may also be to blame. New research at King's College London shows that using electronic products before going lo bed makes it more likely to sleep badly that night.”可知，我们越来越多地使用技术也可能是原因之一。伦敦国王学院的一项新研究显示，睡前使用电子产品会让人更容易在晚上睡不好。由此可推知，be to blame 应意为“原因之一”，与A项意思一致。故选A
53．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“It was an egg-shaped chair that reclined（斜躺），with a round cover that could be pulled over on the top. 它是带着一个可以停在顶部蛋形的斜躺椅。故选D
54.D【解析】观点态度题。根据第五段后两句“1started to feel sleepy, and that was all I could remember until the lights came on and I woke up. Then, when I got up，I felt more energetic than Td been before.”可知，作者认为特殊椅子可以帮助人们睡得更好。故选B，
55.B【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段先提出青少年面临睡眠不足的问题；第二、三段分析出现这一问题的原因；第四、五段介绍了许多学校为此采取的措施；第六段总结并提出自己的观点。故选B。
E
Upcycling is the process of changing old materials into something useful and often beautiful.
So, is it the same as recycling? No. Recycling takes materials such as paper or glass, and breaks them down so
their base materials can be reused to make a new product. When you upcycle an object, you are not breaking down the material, but you are simply refashioning it. For example, you might make shoes out of old wheels. Also, the upcycled object is normally of the same , or even better quality than the original(原来的) .
In fact, upcycling isn't a new idea. Some of the best examples of modern-day upcycling come from the 1930s to 1940s when families didn't have enough materials. In those days, things were reshaped and reused over and over until they were no longer useful. For example, an old door can be changed into a new dining table.
Nowadays, saving is still a trend (趋势) and a big reason why more and more people upcycle. But an even bigger reason for the rebirth of upcycling is its good influence on the environment. The simple fact of the matter is that upcycling is much better for the planet than throwing things away. When you upcycle, it will help to reduce one object that ends up on the waste mountain. Upcycling is also more environmentally friendly than recycling which needs energy or water to break down materials. Instead, it just needs your own creativity and efforts. For example, Grace Robinson, from the UK, takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats.
There are two ways to support the upcycling movement. Sort through (整理) your recycling bins and create objects yourself, or buy ready-made objects made from upcycled materials. Both ways do good to the environment and in return, you get something that is both attractive and practical.
56.Compared with recycling, upcycling_________.
A. can sometimes improve the quality of objects
B. needs more energy than recycling
C. needs to break down base materials
D. produces more useful things than recycling
57.The underlined word " them" in Paragraph 2 refers to_________.
A. materials that are used to recycle
B. materials that are used to upcycle
C. people who recycle things
D. people who upcycle things
58.We can infer from the passage that_________.
A. people have had the idea of upcycling just in recent years
B. to save money is the main reason for people to upcycle
C. upcycling needs both people's creativity and effort
D. we can turn old clothes into new things to support upcycling
59.The best title of the passage may be "_________".
A. Get Started to Recycle Today !
B. Let's Learn to Upcycle Together!
C. Is the Environment Badly Polluted?
D. Is Upcycling the Same as Recycling?
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了升级改造的理念及方法、意义，呼吁大家保护环境，参与升级改造。
56.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Also, the upeycled object is normally of the same, or even better quality than the original（原来的）.”可知， 与回收利用相比，升级改造有时可以提高物品的质量。故选A。
57.A【解析】指代判断题。根据第二段第三句“Recycling takes materials such as paper or glass, and breaks them down so their base materials can be reused to make a new product.”可知，回收纸张或玻璃等材料，并将其分解，使其基础材料可以重复利用来制造一个新产品。由此可推知，them指代“可循环利用的材料”。故选A。
58.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段后三句“Upcycling is also more environmentally friendly than recycling which needs energy or water to break down materials. Instead, it just needs your own creativity and efforts. For example, Grace Robinson, from the UK. takes used tea bags and turns them into dresses, shoes and even hats.”可推知，我们可以把旧衣服变成新东西来支持升级改造。故选D。
59.B 【解析】标题概括题。根据第一段“Upeycling is the process of changing old materials into something useful and often beautiful.”及最后一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了升级改造的理念，方法及意义，呼吁大家保护环境，参与升级改造，由此可推知，B项”让我们一起学习开级改造”能假括文章大意，适合做本文标题。故选B
D
Known in Chinese as Xiangsheng, crosstalk is the main form of comedy in China_ It is made up of four skills-
speaking, imitating, teasing and singing. The talking is usually between two performers, who use the language in
clever ways to make people laugh. There is a one-person form of crosstalk, and, it is sometimes done by three or more people as well.
Originated(发源) in North China, crosstalk rose as a performing act in Ming Dynasty. It has three birthplaces-Beijing Tianqiao, 'Tianjin Quanyechang and Nanjing Confucius Temple. In the late Qing Dynasty, crosstalk formed its modem comic character and style.
After 1949, crosstalk spread rapidly and became a national form of folk art. One reason for the popularity is that it is a kind of sound-based art, suitable for the radio which was the main media at that time.
In the 1980s, under the influence of the short sketch(小品), crosstalk performances were no longer popular with television audience(观众) . However, crosstalk in this time still got some development: the rise of a new
generation of actors and an increasing number of new comic scripts(剧本) with all kinds of contents and forms on stage.
In the late 1990s, crosstalk began to decline as fewer new scripts appeared. At the same time, many well-known actors left the stage and began to do some other work. But the new actors couldn't take over. The position of crosstalk was gradually replaced by the growing short sketches.
Since 2005, with the spread of online video sites and other new media, the comedian Guo Degang and DeYun Community have gained a lot of popularity. The public attention again focused on this comic art so that crosstalk achieved the second renaissance(复兴).
"Crosstalk has regained its fans, especially young people. And their interest in the traditional art is going
beyond simply watching and listening. More and more young people are trying to learn to do crosstalk, including some girl students, " said Wang Xiaochun, headmaster of the Northern Storytelling Arts School of China. "They are sure that crosstalk will have a strong market. "
52.The underlined word " decline" in Paragraph 5 probably means___________.
A.燕蒸日上
B.日渐衰落
C.发扬光大
D.荡然无存
53.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Crosstalk spread quickly after 1949 because the radio was the main media.
B. Crosstalk developed fast and was more popular than the short sketch in the 1980s.
C. In the late 1990s, the position of crosstalk was gradually replaced by short sketches.
D. With the spread of new media, crosstalk achieved the second renaissance after 2005 .
54.According to the passage, we can predict the future of crosstalk lies in_________.
A. writing more interesting scripts
B. having advantages over other. art forms
C. young people's interest and confidence in it
D. Guo Degang and his DeYun Community
55.The best title of the passage may be_________.
A. The Development of Crosstalk
B. The Most Popular Chinese Art Form
C. The Popularity of Crosstalk
D. The Future of Crosstalk
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了相声的起源和各个时期相声的发展情况。
52.B【解析】词义猜测题。通读第五段尤其是最后一句“The position of crosstalk was gradually replaced by the growing short sketches.”可知，相声的位置逐渐被小品取代了。由此可知，相声日渐衰落。decline应意为“衰落”，与B项意思一致。故选B。
53.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“In the1980s，under the influence of the short sketch（小品）， crosstalk performances were no longer popular with television audience（观众）．”可知，在20世纪80年代，在小品的影响下，相声表演不再受到电视观众的欢迎。B项表达与原文不符。故选B。
54.C【解析】推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，相声重新收获了粉丝，尤其是年轻人。他们对于传统艺术的兴趣不仅仅是简单地看和听。越来越多的年轻人尝试去学习相声。由此可推知，相声的未来取决于年轻人对它的兴趣和信心。故选C。
55.A【解析】标题概括题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了相声的起源和其在各个时期发展的相关情况。A项“相声的发展”能概括文章大意，是本文的最佳标题。故选A。

E
In a study, some people were told to sit in a room and do nothing for 15 minutes. In that room, there was a
button(按钮) which they could choose to press when they couldn't stand sitting there anymore. 67% of men and 25% of women pressed that button before the test was over. It showed how much they hated boredom. They hated it so
much that they said they could choose pain over boredom.
It's true that most of us don't .like boredom, so we try to avoid it as much as we can. However, science tells us that boredom can actually be great for you. Another study found that boredom can result in increased creativity. Two groups of people took part in it. The first group were told to sort(分类) a bowl of beans by color, one by one. These people later performed better on an idea-producing task than the second group of people who first completed a very interesting activity. The task was to come up with excuses for being late. The bored people performed better both in quality and number of excuses.
________ The world might not have seen Harry Potter if J. K. Rowling had not been bored on a long train ride. In an interview from 2016, she said, "I didn't have a pen and was too shy to ask anyone for one on the train, which upset me at the time. But when I looked back, it was the best thing for me. It gave me the full four hours on the train to think up all the ideas for the book. "
Along with sparking ideas, boredom can make you more productive by giving you time to plan for the future. In fact, boredom doesn't mean you're not doing anything. If you don't spend all your spare time on social media, you could be planning about things you'll do in the future. Your future goals have to be thought out, and boredom lets you do just that.
So put your phone inside your pocket and get bored. Thinking is great for you , and when you're bored, you think. Remember that when you pull out your phone or stay up watching soap operas, you might be missing a chance of getting life-changing ideas.
56.The writer starts the passage by_________.
A. giving an example
B. telling a story
C. showing the result of a study
D. letting us make a choice
57.Which of the following sentences can be put in the_________?
A. However, not all of the people like boredom.
B. Boredom can also bring good results in the writing world.
C. Boredom can also help people save their time.
D. Boredom can even make you lose interest in everything.
58.We can infer from the passage that_________.
A. most people like boredom better than pain
B. sorting beans is considered as an interesting activity
C. boredom is not as bad as people thought
D. boredom can give you time to plan for the future
59.If we divide this passage into three parts, which of the followings might be the best choice?
(① = Para. 1;②=Para.2;③=Para.3….)
A.①②;③④;⑤
B.①;②③④;⑤
C.①②③;④;⑤
D.①;②③;④⑤
答案:【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无聊的好处。
56.C【解析】写作手法题。根据第一段第一句中的“Ina study”及第三、四句＂67％ of men and 25％ of women pressed that button before the test was over. It showed how much they hated boredom.”可知，文章是通过展示一项研究的结果开始的。故选C。
57.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“The world might not have seen Harry Potter if J.K. Rowling had not been bored on a long train ride.”可知，假如 J.K. Rowling没有在长途火车上感到无聊的话，全世界可能就不会看到《哈利·披特》了。由此可推知，空格处应填“无聊也能为写作界带来好的结果”、故选B。
58.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Along with sparking ideas, boredom can make you more productive by giving you time to plan for the future"可知，无聊可以让你有更高的效率且有时间为未来做计划。由此可推知，无聊并没有人们想的那么糟糕。故选C。
59.B【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段作者引出了文章的主题；第二、三、四段主要介绍了无聊的好处；第五段对全文进行总结。故选B。