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2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（十五）连接代词与连接副词引导的名词性从句
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这是一份2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（十五）连接代词与连接副词引导的名词性从句，共11页。
课堂真题讲解
[全析考法]
单句语法填空/单句改错
1． I'm nt sure________ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
2． This is ________ my father has taught me — t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
3． Withut his supprt, we wuldn't be________ we are nw.
4． The gld medal will be awarded t ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
5． By bat is the nly way t get here, which is________we arrived.
6． Every year, ________ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
7． Jane mved aimlessly dwn the treelined street, nt knwing________she was heading.
8． We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f________it used t charge.
9． Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk.________ yu can d helps.
10． As natural architects, the Puebl Indians figured ut exactly ________ thick the adbe walls needed t be t make the cycle wrk n mst days.
11． I didn't understand ________ this wuld happen and my credit card had already been charged fr the reservatin.
12. My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.________________
解析：what 句意：这就是父亲教给我的——永远面对困难并且寄予最大的希望。表语从句中动词taught缺少直接宾语， 且表示“……的东西”，故填what。
解析：where 句意：要是没有他的帮助，我们就不会是现在的情形了。空处引导表语从句，表示的是具有抽象意义的地点，故用where引导。
解析：whever 句意：这块金牌将颁发给在这
场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。从句中缺主语且表示“人”，因此填whever引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。
解析：hw 句意：坐船是到达这里唯一的方式，我们就是这样来的。hw 引导表语从句，表示方式。
解析：whever 句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮风筝的人将会获奖。根据句子结构和意可知，主语从句中缺少表示人的主语，故填whever。
解析：where 句意：简在绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，不知道她要去哪里。本句考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，根据句意和句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少表示地点的连词， 故填where。
解析：what 句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元，这是它以前要价的一半。此处考查宾语从句的引导词，在f后面what既引导宾语从句，又在从句中作charge的宾语。
解析：Whatever 句意：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，你们做的任何事情都有帮助。根据句意和结构可知，whatever引导的是主语从句，主语从句中缺少谓语动词d的宾语，表示事物， 故用Whatever引导。
解析：hw 分析句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句。空格后的thick为形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填hw。
解析：why 根据语境可知，“我”不知道/不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引导宾语从句。
解析：wh 分析句子成分，空格处作从句的主语，根据后面的“me r the female grilla”可知，作者把自己和大猩猩作对比，表示“我不知道我和大猩猩谁更害怕”，故填wh。
解析：that→where 分析句子结构可知，介词t之后为宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
课后知识总结
[谨记规则]
What wrries us mst is wh let ut the secret.
最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。
Whever breaks the law shuld be punished.
无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。
G and get yur cat. It's where yu left it.
去把你的大衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
I have n idea hw I can get t the railway statin.
我不知道怎么能到火车站。
That's why I want yu t wrk there.
那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
Wherever he ges makes his parents wrry.
他无论去哪儿父母都担心。
语法填空解题“3步骤”
1．根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。
2．一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语就用连接副词。
3．如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。
缺少成分
1．Make the mst f yur strengths, and yu can be successful regardless f which type yu fall int and ----fast r slwly yu walk.
2．It is -------is written n the signs inside the bus that has peple talking.
3．They never get angry and are always kind t the students. That's------- the children can always get n well with their rbt teachers.
4．------surprised us mst was that her wrks f art sn became famus and were n display in the British Museum.
5．Be sure t be with a strng awareness that yu are--------yu eat!
6．My friend Julia brught ut all her dresses and tld me t take_--------suited me best.
7．Frm them, the West learns ------is uniquely Chinese, fr example, feng shui.
8．-------- cmes here t have the meeting will be treated t a wnderful dinner.
9．Wndering ----------it was, Terry, a newcmer t this city, went t the dr and pened it impatiently.
不缺少成分
10．I wnder first f all what they want, and then wnder----------they are s eager t accept advice themselves.
11．It never ccurred t me --------yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
12．There is n dubt----it is f great help t their study and future life.
why 4.What 5. what 6.whichever_ 7.what_ 8.Whever 9.wh 10. if/whether_11.that 12. that
短文改错解题“3视角”
1．检查连接词是否误用：尤其注意容易混淆的that与what, that与which, which与what, if与whether;
2．检查连接词是否漏掉或多余，以及使用连接代词时从句中是否存在多余的句子成��；
3．检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确。
据第1条解题
I have the cnfidence what yu can learn hw t make Chinese knts.
Abve all, I wnder that it is cnvenient fr yu t infrm me f the specific schedule in advance.
3．Hw I d every day is t listen t lectures, take ntes and d my hmewrk, which seems t be endless.
4．I als feel grateful t my dad just because f which he has been ding fr me ever since.
5．Whenever I want t see it, that I must d is t clse my eyes, and it will appear in frnt f me.
据第2条解题
The plice tld him what it had happened: his car had been n a private parking lt and had been taken away by the plice
7．T make matters wrse, I had t share a duble rm with smene I did nt knw, despite the fact I had paid fr a single rm._
8．As the Cllege Entrance Examinatins will be held in June, the students shuld make full use f time t review that what they have learned.
据第3条解题
Hw much ne enjys himself travelling depends largely n what he ges with, whether his friends r relatives.
10．I'm afraid he's mre f a talker than a der, which is that he never finishes anything.
1.what→that 2.that→whether/if 3.Hw→What 4.which→what 5.that→what
6..去掉it 7.fact后加that 8.去掉that 9.what→wh 10. that→why
Ⅰ.语法填空
As the effects f glbal warming, rising seas and natural disasters __1__(gradual) becme bvius, sme lcal cmmunities are taking actin.Amng them __2__(be) ne cmmunity in Flrida where lcal peple and gvernment fficials are prving __3__(success) in prtecting castal cities frm the dangers f rising sea levels.
The cmmunity has studied __4__much sea levels will rise and has suggested ways t address the prblem.It has persuaded the state gvernment t ban new develpments n land near the castline and recmmended __5__(build) sand dunes(沙丘) alng beaches.Kristin Jacbs, ne f the grup's funders, __6__(decide) t take actin in 2008 after it became clear that her state's 27 water authrities culdn't agree n jint (联合的) actin.
While sme Flrida gvernment fficials are skeptical __7__ the effects f climate change and the causes f envirnmental damage, the peple living in these lcatins are certain f the need __8__(prtect) their cmmunities.
At present, cming up with ways t fight against the effects f climate change under a(n) __9__(limit) budget is a pressing cncern.Only time will tell whether these castal cmmunities will succeed in __10__end, but fr nw, quick thinking by lcal citizens is helping t secure the future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了佛罗里达州一沿海社区为应对因全球变暖而日益上涨的海平面而采取了一系列措施。
1．gradually 考查词性转换。设空处修饰连系动词becme，故填副词gradually。
2．is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时，且本句是倒装句，be动词的形式要根据后面的主语ne cmmunity来确定，故填is。
3．successful 考查词性转换。prve为连系动词，后跟形容词作表语，且设空处意为“成功的”，故填successful。
4．hw 考查名词性从句。空处引导宾语从句，意为“海平面会上升多少”，故填hw。
5．building 考查非谓语动词。recmmend意为“建议”时，其后可跟动词ing形式或用于recmmend sb. t d sth.结构，故填building。
6．decided 考查动词的时态。由in 2008可知decide所表示的动作发生在过去，故填decided。
7．abut/f 考查介词。skeptical意为“怀疑的”，后常跟介词abut/f。
8．t prtect 考查非谓语动词。need作名词时，其后常跟不定式作后置定语，意为“……的需要”。
9．limited 考查词性转换。设空处作定语修饰budget，故填limited(有限的)。
10．the 考查冠词。in the end意为“最终”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
My English teacher recmmends me t take a part in an English speech cmpetitin yesterday. But I dubt that I have the ability t win. It is knwn t all my classmate that I can speak English as if he were a native speaker. Therefre, I dare nt vice my pinins, especial in public. My best friend Lily has been encuraging me t accept the challenge. On her pinin, whether I can win the cmpetitin r nt desn't matter as lng as I try my best. Encuraged by her, I have decided t have a try, challenged myself. I must cnquer my shy. Wish myself gd luck.
答案：第一句：recmmends→recmmended; 去掉a
第二句：that→whether/if
第三句：classmate→classmates; he→I
第四句：Therefre→Hwever; especial→especially
第六句：On→In
第七句：challenged→challenging
第八句：shy→shynes
引导词类别
常见引导词
作用
连接代词
what, which, wh, whse, whm, whatever, whichever, whever, whmever
有词义；在从句中担任成分，作主语、表语、宾语或定语等
连接副词
hw, when, where, why, hwever, whenever, wherever
有词义；在从句中担任成分，作状语
课堂真题讲解
[全析考法]
单句语法填空/单句改错
1． I'm nt sure________ is mre frightened, me r the female grilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears ut f nwhere.
2． This is ________ my father has taught me — t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
3． Withut his supprt, we wuldn't be________ we are nw.
4． The gld medal will be awarded t ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
5． By bat is the nly way t get here, which is________we arrived.
6． Every year, ________ makes the mst beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
7． Jane mved aimlessly dwn the treelined street, nt knwing________she was heading.
8． We chse this htel because the price fr a night here is dwn t $20, half f________it used t charge.
9． Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk.________ yu can d helps.
10． As natural architects, the Puebl Indians figured ut exactly ________ thick the adbe walls needed t be t make the cycle wrk n mst days.
11． I didn't understand ________ this wuld happen and my credit card had already been charged fr the reservatin.
12. My uncle is the wner f a restaurant clse t that I live.________________
解析：what 句意：这就是父亲教给我的——永远面对困难并且寄予最大的希望。表语从句中动词taught缺少直接宾语， 且表示“……的东西”，故填what。
解析：where 句意：要是没有他的帮助，我们就不会是现在的情形了。空处引导表语从句，表示的是具有抽象意义的地点，故用where引导。
解析：whever 句意：这块金牌将颁发给在这
场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。从句中缺主语且表示“人”，因此填whever引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。
解析：hw 句意：坐船是到达这里唯一的方式，我们就是这样来的。hw 引导表语从句，表示方式。
解析：whever 句意：每年，在风筝节上，制作出最漂亮风筝的人将会获奖。根据句子结构和意可知，主语从句中缺少表示人的主语，故填whever。
解析：where 句意：简在绿树成荫的街道漫无目的地走着，不知道她要去哪里。本句考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，根据句意和句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少表示地点的连词， 故填where。
解析：what 句意：我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元，这是它以前要价的一半。此处考查宾语从句的引导词，在f后面what既引导宾语从句，又在从句中作charge的宾语。
解析：Whatever 句意：你们的支持对我们的工作很重要，你们做的任何事情都有帮助。根据句意和结构可知，whatever引导的是主语从句，主语从句中缺少谓语动词d的宾语，表示事物， 故用Whatever引导。
解析：hw 分析句子结构可知，空格处是一个宾语从句。空格后的thick为形容词，因此空格处应用副词，故填hw。
解析：why 根据语境可知，“我”不知道/不明白为什么会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因，故用why引导宾语从句。
解析：wh 分析句子成分，空格处作从句的主语，根据后面的“me r the female grilla”可知，作者把自己和大猩猩作对比，表示“我不知道我和大猩猩谁更害怕”，故填wh。
解析：that→where 分析句子结构可知，介词t之后为宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
课后知识总结
[谨记规则]
What wrries us mst is wh let ut the secret.
最令我们担忧的是谁泄漏了秘密。
Whever breaks the law shuld be punished.
无论谁触犯法律都应该受到惩罚。
G and get yur cat. It's where yu left it.
去把你的大衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
I have n idea hw I can get t the railway statin.
我不知道怎么能到火车站。
That's why I want yu t wrk there.
那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。
Wherever he ges makes his parents wrry.
他无论去哪儿父母都担心。
语法填空解题“3步骤”
1．根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。
2．一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词；若缺少状语就用连接副词。
3．如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if; 如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。
缺少成分
1．Make the mst f yur strengths, and yu can be successful regardless f which type yu fall int and ----fast r slwly yu walk.
2．It is -------is written n the signs inside the bus that has peple talking.
3．They never get angry and are always kind t the students. That's------- the children can always get n well with their rbt teachers.
4．------surprised us mst was that her wrks f art sn became famus and were n display in the British Museum.
5．Be sure t be with a strng awareness that yu are--------yu eat!
6．My friend Julia brught ut all her dresses and tld me t take_--------suited me best.
7．Frm them, the West learns ------is uniquely Chinese, fr example, feng shui.
8．-------- cmes here t have the meeting will be treated t a wnderful dinner.
9．Wndering ----------it was, Terry, a newcmer t this city, went t the dr and pened it impatiently.
不缺少成分
10．I wnder first f all what they want, and then wnder----------they are s eager t accept advice themselves.
11．It never ccurred t me --------yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
12．There is n dubt----it is f great help t their study and future life.
why 4.What 5. what 6.whichever_ 7.what_ 8.Whever 9.wh 10. if/whether_11.that 12. that
短文改错解题“3视角”
1．检查连接词是否误用：尤其注意容易混淆的that与what, that与which, which与what, if与whether;
2．检查连接词是否漏掉或多余，以及使用连接代词时从句中是否存在多余的句子成��；
3．检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确。
据第1条解题
I have the cnfidence what yu can learn hw t make Chinese knts.
Abve all, I wnder that it is cnvenient fr yu t infrm me f the specific schedule in advance.
3．Hw I d every day is t listen t lectures, take ntes and d my hmewrk, which seems t be endless.
4．I als feel grateful t my dad just because f which he has been ding fr me ever since.
5．Whenever I want t see it, that I must d is t clse my eyes, and it will appear in frnt f me.
据第2条解题
The plice tld him what it had happened: his car had been n a private parking lt and had been taken away by the plice
7．T make matters wrse, I had t share a duble rm with smene I did nt knw, despite the fact I had paid fr a single rm._
8．As the Cllege Entrance Examinatins will be held in June, the students shuld make full use f time t review that what they have learned.
据第3条解题
Hw much ne enjys himself travelling depends largely n what he ges with, whether his friends r relatives.
10．I'm afraid he's mre f a talker than a der, which is that he never finishes anything.
1.what→that 2.that→whether/if 3.Hw→What 4.which→what 5.that→what
6..去掉it 7.fact后加that 8.去掉that 9.what→wh 10. that→why
Ⅰ.语法填空
As the effects f glbal warming, rising seas and natural disasters __1__(gradual) becme bvius, sme lcal cmmunities are taking actin.Amng them __2__(be) ne cmmunity in Flrida where lcal peple and gvernment fficials are prving __3__(success) in prtecting castal cities frm the dangers f rising sea levels.
The cmmunity has studied __4__much sea levels will rise and has suggested ways t address the prblem.It has persuaded the state gvernment t ban new develpments n land near the castline and recmmended __5__(build) sand dunes(沙丘) alng beaches.Kristin Jacbs, ne f the grup's funders, __6__(decide) t take actin in 2008 after it became clear that her state's 27 water authrities culdn't agree n jint (联合的) actin.
While sme Flrida gvernment fficials are skeptical __7__ the effects f climate change and the causes f envirnmental damage, the peple living in these lcatins are certain f the need __8__(prtect) their cmmunities.
At present, cming up with ways t fight against the effects f climate change under a(n) __9__(limit) budget is a pressing cncern.Only time will tell whether these castal cmmunities will succeed in __10__end, but fr nw, quick thinking by lcal citizens is helping t secure the future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了佛罗里达州一沿海社区为应对因全球变暖而日益上涨的海平面而采取了一系列措施。
1．gradually 考查词性转换。设空处修饰连系动词becme，故填副词gradually。
2．is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由上下文可知此处应用一般现在时，且本句是倒装句，be动词的形式要根据后面的主语ne cmmunity来确定，故填is。
3．successful 考查词性转换。prve为连系动词，后跟形容词作表语，且设空处意为“成功的”，故填successful。
4．hw 考查名词性从句。空处引导宾语从句，意为“海平面会上升多少”，故填hw。
5．building 考查非谓语动词。recmmend意为“建议”时，其后可跟动词ing形式或用于recmmend sb. t d sth.结构，故填building。
6．decided 考查动词的时态。由in 2008可知decide所表示的动作发生在过去，故填decided。
7．abut/f 考查介词。skeptical意为“怀疑的”，后常跟介词abut/f。
8．t prtect 考查非谓语动词。need作名词时，其后常跟不定式作后置定语，意为“……的需要”。
9．limited 考查词性转换。设空处作定语修饰budget，故填limited(有限的)。
10．the 考查冠词。in the end意为“最终”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
My English teacher recmmends me t take a part in an English speech cmpetitin yesterday. But I dubt that I have the ability t win. It is knwn t all my classmate that I can speak English as if he were a native speaker. Therefre, I dare nt vice my pinins, especial in public. My best friend Lily has been encuraging me t accept the challenge. On her pinin, whether I can win the cmpetitin r nt desn't matter as lng as I try my best. Encuraged by her, I have decided t have a try, challenged myself. I must cnquer my shy. Wish myself gd luck.
答案：第一句：recmmends→recmmended; 去掉a
第二句：that→whether/if
第三句：classmate→classmates; he→I
第四句：Therefre→Hwever; especial→especially
第六句：On→In
第七句：challenged→challenging
第八句：shy→shynes
引导词类别
常见引导词
作用
连接代词
what, which, wh, whse, whm, whatever, whichever, whever, whmever
有词义；在从句中担任成分，作主语、表语、宾语或定语等
连接副词
hw, when, where, why, hwever, whenever, wherever
有词义；在从句中担任成分，作状语
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