英语八年级下册Grammar教学演示课件ppt
展开vi. 交;递,给上交,递交……等等n. 评论vt. 归还准时vt. 续借;更新;重新开始
handhand inand s nreviewreturnn timerenew
T learn t use questin wrds + t-infinitivesT learn t use must and have t
Lk at the fllwing sentences.
1. Sme dgs just dn’t knw hw t have fun. (七年级上册 U4)2. I’m thinking abut what t wear. (七年级上册 U8)3. I was just wndering hw t spend the mrning … 4. I must g t the greengrcer's.
5. He has a bad cld, Mr. Williams, s he must stay in bed fr a week. 6. Eddie, I think we have t g up again. (七年级下册 U4)7. We dn’t have t feed her much. (七年级下册 U8)8. D yu have t water it nw?
9. Have yu decided what t d with these bks, Hb? (P48) 10. I have t use them t reach the bx n the fridge. (P48) 11. I did nt knw what t say either. (P51)12. “I must run away frm them,” I thught, but I did nt knw hw t get away. (P51)
Guessing Game
t test yur sense f bservatint test yur ability f shrt-term memry t test yur ability t highlight the language pints
Fill in the blanks.
1. Sme dgs just dn’t knw ___________ fun. 2. I’m thinking abut ____________. 3. I was just wndering ____________ the mrning … 4. I _____ g t the greengrcer's.5. He has a bad cld, Mr. Williams, s he _____ stay in bed fr a week. 6. Eddie, I think we _______ g up again.
what t wear
7. We dn’t ________ feed her much. 8. D yu _______ water it nw? 9. Have yu decided __________ with these bks, Hb? 10. I _______ use them t reach the bx n the fridge. 11. I did nt knw ___________ either. 12. “I must run away frm them,” I thught, but I did nt knw _________ away.
I dn’t knw what ______ next. A. will d B. dingC. d D. t d— D we have t finish ur hmewrk this afternn?— Yes, yu ______.A. must B. canC. may D. need
以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解,下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。
Using questin wrds + t-infinitives
我们可以用“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词wh, what, which及疑问副词when, hw, where等。常和“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构连用的动词和动词短语有:tell, shw, think, learn, knw, wnder, decide, remember, frget, understand, see, hear, ask, advise, explain, find ut等。
The yung wman desn’t knw what t d. 那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。I dn’t knw what t say. 我不知道说什么。 We must knw hw t perate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。We want t learn hw t write plays. 我们想要学习如何写剧本。
The teacher tld the students hw t d the experiment. 老师告诉学生如何做实验。 Can yu shw me hw t make a paper bat? 你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗?
有些动词,如advise, ask, shw, teach, tell等,其后可以接双宾语。
有些疑问词,如what, which, whse, hw many, hw much等,其后可以先接一个名词,再接动词不定式。I dn’t knw which tpic t chse. 我不知道选哪个题目。在“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构前,有时也可以是如sure, clear等的形容词。I am nt sure which way t take.我不确定走哪条路。
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构在句中还可以作主语和表语。Hw t use the machine is a questin. (作主语)The questin is when t g there. (作表语)
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”作宾语时,相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。Excuse me. Can yu tell me hw t get t the bkshp? = Excuse me. Can yu tell me hw I can get t the bkshp?
注意:所有疑问词中,只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。
Using must and have t
must与have t是两个常用的情态动词,两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时,应注意两词间的差别。must 表示主语“有义务”的“必须”做某事,强调说话人的主观看法,主要用于肯定句和疑问句;must 还可以表示肯定推测,意思是“一定”。have t 强调的是客观需要,意思是“不得不”。have t 有人称和数的变化。
I must wrk hard at my lessns. 我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿)I have t lk after mther at hme. Fr she is ill. 我得在家照看妈妈,因为她病了。(客观需要)It is getting dark. He has t g hme nw.天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要)
must的否定形式是must nt,其缩写为mustn’t,表示禁止,意思是“不能,不许”。have t的否定形式是d nt have t,其缩写为dn’t have t。 Yu mustn’t make any nise in class.上课时你们不许吵闹。Yu dn’t have t water the flwers. Fr it is ging t rain.你们不必浇花了,因为要下雨了。
Time fr reflectin
不定式可以和疑问代词wh, what, which及疑问副词when, hw, where等连用,构成不定式短语,在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。must表示主观的义务和必要,意思是“必须,得,要”,否定形式是must nt;must还可以表示肯定推测,意思是“一定”。have t表示一种客观的需要,意思是“不得不”,否定形式是d nt have t。
1. I’m ging n a field trip but I haven’t decided ______. (2007河南) A. what t d B. t d what C. where t g D. t g where2. Excuse me. Wuld yu please tell me ______ buy a digital camera? (2007安徽) A. what t B. where t C. what I can D. where can I
3. — This physics prblem is t difficult. Can yu shw me ______, Wang Lin? — Sure. (2008陕西) A. what t wrk it ut B. what t wrk ut it C. hw t wrk it ut D. hw t wrk ut it
4. — We need a new leader fr ur Helping Hands Club, but I dn’t knw ______. — Why nt Mary? She is always willing t help thers. (2011江苏南通) A. what t chse B. hw t chse C. when t chse D. wh t chse
5. The math prblem is s hard. I really dn’t knw ______. (2012甘肃鸡西) A. hw t d it B. hw t d C. what t d it6. — Excuse me. Culd yu tell me ______ get t the nearest pst ffice? — Srry, I am new here. (2013山东威海) A. hw can I B. hw I culd C. hw t D. what I can
7. — Excuse me. Culd yu please tell me ______ my car? — Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help yu. (2013山东青岛) A. hw t stp B. where t park C. where t stp D. when t park8. — ______ I swim here? — I’m srry. Children ______ swim alne here. (2012广东) A. Must; can’t B. May; must C. Can; mustn’t D. Can’t; can
9. — Dad, must we wait until the light becmes green? — Yes, I'm afraid we ______. That's the traffic rule. (2013河南) A. can B. may C. have t D. need10. Students in ur schl ______ knw shuting is nt allwed in the library. (2013山东莱芜) A. can B. may C. must D. need
When I g int the clthes shp, I always can’t decide ______ ne t buy.2. My grandfather desn’t knw ______ t use a cmputer.3. --- Will yu please shw me _____ t drive a car? --- Yes, f curse. Nw let me tell yu _____ t d first.4. I will tell Lucy ______ and _______ t meet.
II. 选用hw, which, what, when, where填空。
Andy desn't knw _____________.
III. 看图完成句子。
Millie can’t decide _________________.
which bk t buy
They dn’t knw _________ t the statin.
I dn’t knw hw _______________ frm a library.
t brrw bks
IV. 翻译下列句子。
1. Have yu decided _____________ ____________ (怎样度假)?2. I dn’t knw ______________________ (在会上说什么).3. Can yu tell me ___________________ (在哪里能买到这本书)?
what t say at the meeting
where t buy this bk
4. Drivers ___________________ (必须系 安全带) while their cars are running n the rad.5. — _____ (必须) I finish my hmewrk nw? — N, ________________ (你没必要). Yur wrk is ver tday.
yu dn't have t
must wear seat belts
T preview Integrated skills n Pages 57 and 58T learn t brrw bks frm a library
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