音标教学课件(共73张PPT)

这是一份音标教学课件(共73张PPT)，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了国际音标，ɪ- i，e-ε，发中元音时应注意，ɜ- ǝ，后元音发音要领，ɒ- ɔ，双元音发音要领，eɪ-ei，aɪ-ai等内容，欢迎下载使用。

分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。
/i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/
/ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ/
/u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/
/eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/
/ p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
/f/, /v/, /∫/, /3 /, /θ /,/δ /, /s/, /z/, /h/, /r/ , /tʃ/, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/
/m/, /n/, /ŋ/
Vwels（元音） -pure vwels（单元音）
前元音： /i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/
发单元音时应注意的事项：
1.舌前部在活动2.舌端抵下齿3.从/i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/口形渐大
例词： he sea tree 短语： green leaves deep sea clean street eat the meat 例句： A: Wuld yu like cffee r tea? B: Tea, please. A: OK. I have tea, t.
例词： pin ship hill chicks短语： a big ship fifty pictures Miss Smith interesting films例句： A: Is Lily in? B: Lily is ill in bed. C: Oh, I’m srry.
例词： pen head leg well短语： ten pence very well expensive cigarettes went t America例句： A: Hw did yu spend yur hliday? B: I went t Beijing. A: Was it expensive? B: Yes ,very.
例词： apple lantern hand parachute短语： black cat mad man traveling bag matter-f –fact例句： A: Ann is traveling t Japan. B: Hw happy she is ! A: She is very happy.
Vwels（元音） -pure vwels（单元音）
中元音： /ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ/
1.舌中部隆起2.舌端轻抵 下齿3./ ǝ:/ /ǝ/ /ʌ/口形渐大
例词： girl bird wrk turn短语： early bird Thursday wrk thirsty persn perfect search例句： A: He always arrives wrk early. B: But he wasn’t early this mrning. A: Yu weren’t early either.
例词： teacher picture breakfast welcme短语： a glass f water a quarter t seven brthers and sisters a bk abut China例句： A: lk at the clck！ B: what’s the time? A: it’s a quarter t seven
例词： cup run jump fld短语： hurry up! trust us! rubbish number mustn’t wrry例句： A: It’s sunny tday. B: Yes, isn’t it. A: My uncle will g t Lndn next Mnday. B: Hw lucky he is!
后元音： /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/
1.舌后部用力2.舌尖离开下齿龈3. /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/口形渐 大
例词： z wh fd blue短语： a tth fr a tth Sue and Lucy fruit juice tw shes例句： A: Lk at my new shes? B: Oh, they are beautiful. A: Yur bts are beautiful, t.
例词： ft wd bk push短语： gd ck gd bk culdn’t lk pudding withut sugar例句： A: Where did yu put the bk? B: Which bk? A: The bk yu bught yesterday.
例词： frk ball mrning airprt短语： fur balls scre bard mrning glry sprts reprter例句： A: I see tw children n the blackbard. B: He is shrt. A: She is shrter.
例词： cck shp jb hspital短语： ht cffee lng jb n the bx drp the pt例句： A: I have a bad cugh. B: Yu must see a dctr. A: Yes, I must g t the hspital.
例词： car garden star guitar短语： fast car half park heart transplant stars and bars例句： A: Yu lk very smart tday. B: Thank yu. C: What a marvelus dancer yu are. Let me take a phtgraph f yu.
Vwels（元音） -diphthngs（双元音）
/eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/
1.口形、舌位有变化 发单元音时口形、舌位自始至终保持不变。双元音是由两个不同的元音组成的，例如/ai/,从第一个元音/a/过度到/i/,口形和舌位都有变化：由口形较大、舌位较低的/a/音过度到口形较小、舌位较高的/i/音。其它七个双元音也一样，发音时口形舌位都有不同成度的变化。2.前长后短 双元音中两个元音的长度（音长）也不相等。第一个比第二个长些，约为三比一。3.前重后轻 发第一个元音时要多使点劲儿，但必须注意不要把两个元音分裂成一个强音、一个弱音来念，而是由强而渐弱。
4.两音密合，一气呵成 由第一个元音到第二个元音是一个滑动的过程，中间不容停顿，不可把两个音分开来念。5.前音清楚，后音模糊 双元音中的第一个元音发音清楚响亮，向第二个音滑动时，在尚未到达第二个元音的发音部位时滑动即可停止，不必把第二个音象单独发音时念得那么 清楚。这一点非常重要。常听到一些同学把/ai/念成“阿姨”，就是因为把/i/ 念得太清楚了，甚至跑过了头，越境而入/i:/的领域了。
例词： face rain cake wait短语： eight cakes waste paper railway statin wait fr the mail例句：A: It’s my birthday tday.B: Happy birthdayA: Thank yu. Cme t my birthday party. And dn’t be late.
例词： sky kite write bicycle短语: white lie high tide eye fr eye silent night例句：A: It’s a fine day tday. The sun is shining brightly.B: Yes, I feel ht. I like an ice-cream nw.A: Yes, I d, t.
例词： by bil nise cin短语： a spilt by a nisy ty an annying vice Jyce's byfriend例句： A: Lk at my ty gun. B: Oh, what a gd ty! A: Shall we jin ur friends in the garden? B: Yes, let’s g.
例词：　　　cast 　thrw 　bat 　te短语：　　　 Je’s cat g t the windw 　lad and unlad 　thrw a snwball例句： A: Lk! He has a bat. B: Is he ging t rw? A: I think s.
例词： cw huse muth trusers短语： shut ut brwn muse dwn twn rund flwer例句： A: Is she milking the cw? B: Yes, she is. A: Is the cw in he huse? B: N. She is n the dairy farm.
例词： ear idea zer beard短语： the atmsphere here queer 古怪的skier Weary疲乏 muntaineer experienced engineer例句： A: Let’s have sme beer here. B: What a gd idea! A: What shall we d after having beer? B: We shall g t the theatre.
例词： hair bare pear chair短语：millinaire’s theirs mayr’s parentssquare chairs careful librarian例句：A: Where is my pen?B: It’s ver there n the chair.A: Thank yu. It’s really there.
例词： tur pr sure gurd /g ʊǝd/葫芦短语： pr turists tur frm China carm jury陪审团 Eurpean jewel例句：A: I received a letter frm my uncle. He’s sick with influenza.B: I’m srry. Is he still in Eurpe.A: Yes. He’s still wrking in Lndn.B: He must speak fluent English.
Cnsnants（辅音） 英语辅音的发音特点
1.气流受阻，从肺部呼出的气流在通过口腔或鼻腔时遇到阻碍（元音发音不受阻碍）。2.气流较强（元音气流较弱）3.阻碍部分肌肉紧张（元音发音时均衡地保持紧张）4.有清浊之分。
英语辅音的发音可以分别从”发音部位”和发音方法”两方面来学习。
1.发音部位：所谓”发音部位”是指气流受到阻碍的地方，也就是两个发音器官为了影响气流而构成的各种阻碍的部位。例如：发/p/ /b/时双唇先要紧闭，形成阻碍，发/f/ /v/时下唇接触上齿形成阻碍等等。
英语辅音按发音部位可分成：①双唇音：/ p, b, m, w/②唇齿音：/ f ,v/③舌齿音：/ θ, ð/④舌龈音：/ t ,d ,s ,z ,n ,l/⑤齿龈后部音：/ ʃ ,ʒ ,ʧ, ʤ, r, j/⑥舌后软腭音：/ k, g，ŋ/⑦声门音：/h/
2.发音方法：是指气流通过阻碍时所使用的不同方法（及其造成的听觉印象）。例如：发/p ,t ,k/时气流通过阻碍部位时所发出的爆破声，发/s ,z ,f/时气流从阻碍部位的缝隙中挤出，发出摩擦的声音等等。 英语辅音按发音方法可分成：
①爆破音： /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ ②摩擦音： f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /h/, /r/③破擦音：/ʧ/, /ʤ/④鼻音： /m/, /n/, /ŋ/⑤舌侧音： /l/ ⑥半元音： /j/, /w/
Cnsnants（辅音） -plsives（爆破音）
/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
例词： pig peple pull put短语： pick up a pepper pt a piece f prk a pen and a pencil例句： A: D yu cllect stamps? B: Yes, I d. A: Will yu shw me yur stamp album? B: Yes, they are upstairs. Let me g and fetch them.
例词： bus bed breakfast banana短语： Big Ben a big bttle beautiful baby blue butterflies例句： A: Is this yur handbag? B: N, it isn’t my handbag is nt brwn. A: What clr is yur handbag? B: It’s black.
例词： table tall take telephne短语： ten teachers travel by train want a rabbit tw trees例句：A: I’m hungry. I want smething t eat.B: What abut sme tmates? Let’s g t the restaurant!A: Yes, let’s g.
例词： dr dctr head wuld短语： dear daughter red dr played cards listened t the radi例句：A: What did yu d last night？B: I studied last night.A: Did yu study all night?B: N, I didn’t. I listened t the radi fr sme time.
例词： car duck clck park短语： the back f the car ask questin a quarter t six a cl cleaner例句： A: I like cheap cakes.B: Yu d? D yu ften have cheap cakes?A: Yes, I d.B: If yu want t keep fit, dn’t eat t many cheap cakes.
例词： bag dg gat green短语： gd girl g t the grandpa’s as gd as gld get a girl例句：A: Can yu play the guitar?B: Yes, I played my guitar in the garden and sng again and again with my friends last night.A: Yu must have had a gd time last night.
Cnsnants（辅音） -fricatives（摩擦音）
/f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/, /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /h/, /ʧ/, /ʤ/, /r/
例词： friend fat fish family短语： five flwers fast fd father’s face feel fine例句： A: Lk at Freda! She is fifty. B: Her hat is funny. A: Lk at her fur cat. It’s famus.
例词: drive village very vest短语： lvely view village vet 兽医 leaving arriving leaves f the vine藤、葡例句： A: Wh’s driving the van? B: I think victr is.获胜者 A: Wh is victr? B: He is my new neighbr, he has lived here fr nly a few mnths.
例词： thank mnth thin thirty短语： three thinkers Martha's birthday healthy authr thirty mathematicians例句： A: My father is a mathematician. B: N wnder yu are gd at mathematics. A: T tell yu the truth, my father never teaches me math.
例词： father there that this短语： smth leather get tgether better than thers anther brther例句： A: Lily is taller than Mary. B: But Mary is slimmer than Lily. A: Lk at them. They’re ding physical exercise tgether.
例词： sun small hrse bicycle短语： sleep sundly expensive cigarettes sme bks sit in the sun例句： A: These are cups. B: Thse are saucers.茶碟 A: They’re nice cups and saucers.
例词： z prize bees nse短语： jazz music clse the windws these days zer animal例句： A: Let’s g t the z. B: Gd. I like lking at the zebras. C: I like the mnkeys there. Let’s g.
例词： fish sugar she shp短语： fashin shps friendship assciatin社团 British shes washing machine例句： A: This shp sells washing-machines. B: D they sell air-cnditiners, t. A: Sure.
例词： garage pleasure measure cllisin短语： an unusual cllisin measure a garage a great decisin my pleasure例句： A: Lily likes clthes fr casual随便的 wear. B: Clthes fr casual wear are cmfrtable, A: I like t wear them in my leisure time.
例词： hat hard hen high 短语： heart and hand high heels head-t-head happy hneymn蜜月期 例句： A: There was a car accident here last Sunday. B: Oh, it’s hrrible! A: Were yu here when the accident happened? B: N, I nly heard abut it.
例词： cheek chicken church watch短语： Chinese chess which butcher chicken and chips change much例句： A: Where are the tw children? B: They’re having lunch. A: Here are sme cherries 樱桃fr them. B: Thank yu very much.
例词： jeep jar range bridge 短语： a large jeep injured passengers adjust the engine range juice 例句： A: I have an range. B: Oh, yur range is large. Lk! I’ve gt a large sandwich. A: Yes, it is a very large ne.
例词： rse lrry卡车 rubber rcket短语： American waitress a married secretary grwn up children French restaurant例句： A: Rse wrks as a secretary at the railway statin. B: She des? She is a very pretty girl. A: Yes, very.
Cnsnants（辅音） -nasals（鼻音）
/m/, /n/, /ŋ/
例词： mn hme medicine muntain短语： man-made make a mistake cme tmrrw middle name例句：A: Mum has cme back hme.B: Marvelus.A: Mm says we’ll g and see a mvie tnight.B: Yes, we certainly will.
例词： neck tin night nise短语： neat brandy白兰地酒 a negative answer telephne number harden the neck例词：A: What a nice pstcard f the Grand Canyn!B: They are wnderful.峡谷A: Wh sent it t yu?B: A friend f mine.
例词： ink ring sing mnkey短语： ring-ding开朗的 rising diphthng双元音 strng string playing ping-pang例句：A: D yu like drinking tea?B: Yes, I d.A: We are advised t drink mre tea than cffee.B: Tea is gd fr health.
Cnsnants（辅音） -lateral（舌侧音）
例词： black light jelly全身发软 lemn短语： early fr lunch leg f lamb a glass f lemnade柠檬汽水 yellw jelly例句： A: Mum, is lunch ready? I’m hungry. B: OK, lunch is ready. A: What’s fr lunch, Mum? B: We’ll have lamb and ptat salad.
1. Red lrry, yellw lrry, red lrry, yellw lrry. 2. Let’s lk fr leaves in the large lake with a lng ladder.
Tngue twisters
Cnsnants（辅音） -semi-vwels（半元音）
例词： yellw yacht快游艇 ylk蛋黄 year短语： ylk yellw new year’s day new Yrk university a tugh nin坚硬、老例句：A: My brther was a music student.B: What des he d nw?A: He is nw in Eurpe wrking as a business man.
例词： week whale win windw 短语： weight watcher weave织 a web weeping willw wet wind例句：树枝低垂的 A: Dn’t lk ut f the windw. B: Oh, I’m srry, I’m thinking f my dg. Tday is a wet day. A: D yu think yur dg will be lst in the wds n a wet day?
单个辅音字母的发音可以归纳为下面两种：1）只发一个音的字母
注：1）字母f 在个别情况下念，如f / ɒ v, ǝ v/ 2)字母 h在某些单词中不发音，如hur/ aʊ ǝ/ 3）字母 q很少单独出现，常和字母 u结合，念作/kw/如quick /kwik/。
/ts/, /dz/, /tr/, /dr/
students cats cats bats
heads reads beds hands
tree truck train trace追踪
dress drink drain流干喝光排水管 dream