高考英语课后达标检测：Which English？ Word版解析版

这是一份高考英语课后达标检测：Which English？ Word版解析版，共7页。试卷主要包含了actually　解析，kids　解析，has helped　解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·贵阳适应性考试一)Brits(英国人) are extremely bad at languages, with many f us relying n the fact that the rest f the wrld speak English. Only half(51%) are able t speak a secnd language t any standard and as mre peple travel abrad, this is becming an increasing regret, accrding t a new study.
Almst tw­thirds(62%) f UK adults wish they were better at speaking languages. S they can better understand a city’s culture(38% f respndents), talk with lcals(24%) and g beynd the guide bk(21%)．
Overcming language barriers can be ne f the mst difficult parts f a hliday, particularly when in unfamiliar surrundings. S stressful in the fact that 10% f respndents said they didn’t travel because f the prblem.
The survey by Hstelwrld shwed that ne in five blamed getting lst n the language barrier, while a similar number had prblems rdering fd and ne in ten gt n the wrng train, plane r ther frm f transprtatin.
If languages weren’t an issue then ne in eight(12%) Brits wuld visit Japan. China, Italy and Russia were als ppular chices. Despite the cmmunicatin prblem, Japan has seen a 7.5% increase in the number f British visitrs between January and April, cmpared t this time last year.
“The number f British travelers t Japan has been grwing year n year，” accrding t Hllie Mantle, marketing and cmmunicatin manager fr the Japanese Turist Bard. “Peple are realizing that Japan is ne f the mst hspitable and beautiful cuntries n earth, with s many new experiences fr travelers t try, nt t mentin wrld­class cuisine！”
They had this message fr Brits thinking abut visiting：“Thugh sme travelers wrry abut language barriers, as sn as yu arrive in Japan, yu’ll realize that peple will g ut f their way t help yu enjy their cuntry. There really are few ‘barriers’—rad signs and train statins are in English, yu’ll find that peple speak mre English than they let n, and even when they dn’t, they will g abve and beynd t help yu ut.”
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了语言障碍成为英国人出国旅游的一大顾虑。
1．What d we knw frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．Brits are pr at languages.
B．Brits regret what they have dne.
C．Brits like relying n thers.
D．Brits are gd at languages.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Brits(英国人) are extremely bad at languages, with many f us relying n the fact that the rest f the wrld speak English.”点题，并结合对前两段的整体理解可推知，英国人的语言能力比较差，故选A。
2．Hw many Brits can’t rder fd crrectly because f language barriers?
A．Abut 10%. B．Abut 12%.
C．Abut 20%. D．Abut 21%.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The survey by Hstelwrld shwed that ne in five blamed getting lst n the language barrier, while a similar number had prblems rdering fd”可知，1/5即20%的英国人因为语言障碍不能正确点餐，故选C。
3．Hw is the text mainly develped?
A．By analyzing causes.
B．By giving examples.
C．By making descriptin.
D．By listing data.
D 解析：写作手法题。根据对文章的整体理解可知，本文列举了大量的数据来论证作者的观点，由此可推知，本文是通过列出数据来展开的，故选D。
B
(2020·福建三校第一学期联考)Air pllutin shrtens human lives by mre than a year, accrding t a new study frm a team f leading envirnmental engineers and public health researchers. Better air quality culd lead t a significant extensin f lifespans(寿命) arund the wrld.
It is the first time that data n air pllutin and the lifespan has been studied tgether in rder t check hw air pllutin affects verall life expectancy.
The researchers lked at utdr air pllutin frm particulate matter(PM)(颗粒物) smaller than 2.5 micrns. These particulates can enter deep int the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is assciated with the increased risk f heart attacks, strkes and cancer. PM 2.5 pllutin cmes frm pwer plants, cars and trucks, fires, agriculture and industrial emissins(排放物)．
Led by Jshua Apte, the team used data frm the Glbal Burden f Disease Study t measure PM 2.5 air pllutin expsure and its cnsequences in 185 cuntries. They then quantified the natinal impact n life expectancy fr each individual cuntry as well as n a glbal scale.
“The fact that air pllutin is a majr glbal killer is already well­knwn，” said Apte. “And we all care abut hw lng we can live. Here, we were able t systematically identify hw air pllutin shrtens lives arund the wrld. What we fund is that air pllutin has a very large effect n survival—n average abut a year glbally.”
In the cntext f ther significant phenmena negatively affecting human survival rates, Apte said this is a big number. “Fr example, it’s cnsiderably larger than the benefit in survival we might see if we fund cures fr bth lung and breast cancer cmbined，” he said. “In cuntries like India and China, the benefit fr elderly peple f imprving air quality wuld be especially large. Fr much f Asia, if air pllutin were remved as a risk fr death, 60­year­lds wuld have a 15 percent t 20 percent higher chance f living t age 85 r lder.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，良好的空气质量有益于延长寿命，但是空气污染使得细颗粒物进入人体肺部，导致心脏病、癌症、中风发病率升高，从而影响人的寿命。
4．What d we knw abut PM 2.5?
A．It has a bad effect n human health.
B．It will be cntrlled in the future.
C．It mainly cmes frm industrial emissins.
D．It spreads t the wrld frm Asian cuntries.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“These particulates can enter deep int the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is assciated with the increased risk f heart attacks, strkes and cancer.”可知，PM 2.5影响人体健康，故A项正确。
5．What did the researchers d t study hw air pllutin affects the lifespan?
A．They cllected accurate infrmatin frm all the Asian cuntries.
B．They emplyed the research data t calculate the effect.
C．They studied the disease and lifespan tgether time and time again.
D．They measured particulate matter much mre carefully than befre.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“It is the first time that data n air pllutin and the lifespan has been studied tgether in rder t check hw air pllutin affects verall life expectancy.”可知，这是首次将空气污染和寿命数据结合起来研究，以查明空气污染如何影响总体预期寿命。故B项正确。
6．What can be inferred frm the text?
A．The key t peple living lnger is gd air quality.
B．Peple think air pllutin is the mst dangerus killer t them.
C．Apte will agree that peple shuld take actin t deal with air pllutin.
D．Factries shuld decrease the prductin f cars t stp air pllutin.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据尾段的内容，尤其是“In cuntries like India and China, the benefit fr elderly peple f imprving air quality wuld be especially large.”可知，Apte认为改善空气质量对老年人有好处。据此可推知，他会同意人们采取措施应对空气污染，故C项正确。
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．The Way Human Beings Enjy a Lnger Lifespan
B．The Imprtance f Getting Rid f Air Pllutin
C．Asian Peple Are Suffering frm Serius Air Pllutin
D．Air Pllutin Reduces the Lifespan by Mre than One Year
D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句“Air pllutin shrtens human lives by mre than a year, accrding t a new study frm a team f leading envirnmental engineers and public health researchers.”为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章通过介绍科学研究，说明空气污染导致人的寿命减少一年以上。故D项最适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·济南模拟)Abut ne hundred years ag many educated peple learned and spke French when they met peple frm ther cuntries. Tday mst peple speak English when they meet freigners. 1.________ There are mre peple wh speak English as a secnd language than peple wh speak English as a first language. Why is this?
2．________ One f them is that English has becme the language f business. Anther imprtant reasn is that ppular American culture(like mvies and music) has quickly spread thrughut the wrld. 3.________
Is it gd that English has spread t all parts f the wrld s quickly? 4.________ It’s imprtant t have a language that the peple f the earth have in cmmn. Our wrld has becme very glbal and we need t cmmunicate with ne anther. On the ther hand, English is a fairly cmplicated language t learn and it brings its culture with it. D we really need that?
Scientists have already tried t create an artificial language that isn’t t difficult and desn’t include any grup’s culture. It is called Esperant. 5.________ Maybe the ppularity f English wn’t last that lng either. There are mre peple in the wrld wh speak Chinese than any ther language. Maybe smeday Chinese will be the new internatinal language.
A．Peple like English.
B．But it hasn’t becme ppular.
C．It has brught its language with it.
D．There is n dubt abut the questin.
E．This is why English was widely spken.
F．It has becme the new internatinal language.
G．There are many reasns why English has becme s ppular.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要分析了英语作为国际语言流行的原因及对未来可能流行的语言的预测。
1．F 解析：根据第一段的前两句可知，大约一百年前很多有学问的人学习法语，并且在见到来自其他国家的人时说法语，现在大部分人见到外国人时说英语。由此可推知，英语已经成了新的国际性语言。故选F项。
2．G 解析：承接上文“Why is this？”，并结合本段中的“One f them is”和“Anther imprtant reasn is”可推知，此空表述英语流行有诸多原因，故选G项。
3．C 解析：承接上文美国文化在全球的流行可知，它的语言也随之而来，故选C项。
4．D 解析：承接上文的疑问句，并结合下文的肯定陈述“It’s imprtant t have a language that the peple f the earth have in cmmn.”可知，此处是表示英语在全世界的传播是一件好事，故选D项。
5．B 解析：结合下文“Maybe the ppularity f English wn’t last that lng either.”可知，B项“但是它并没有流行起来”符合语境，衔接上下文。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·绵阳第一次诊断)Adam Braun established the rganizatin Pencils f Prmise in 2008. Its gal is 1.____________(make) sure all children have a chance fr educatin.
It all started when he was a cllege student. Adam Braun was visiting India when 2.____________ girl stpped him n the street and asked fr mney. He asked her what she desired 3.____________(much) f all in the wrld. Astnishingly, her answer was “a pencil”. The girl had never been t schl befre, and that was the 4.____________(real) fr 57 millin children arund the wrld.
After graduatin, Adam Braun never frgt the girl and the prblem f 5.____________(her). “We live in a wrld in which every single child can have access 6.____________ quality educatin. S I was determined t create schls in ther places 7.____________children are hungry fr educatin.” Adam Braun began t raise mney fr his prject thrugh scial media.
“We are wrking hard t make sure that the prgram is nt just beautiful phts and vides f children, but that we’re 8.____________(actual) seeing amazing results in the classrm. That’s why ur 9.____________(kid) in Pencils f Prmise schls prgress fast frm ne grade t the next，” Braun said.
Since then, it 10.____________(help) mre than 22，000 children in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了Adam Braun建立了一个旨在帮助所有孩子接受教育的组织。
1．t make 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目标是确保所有的孩子都有机会接受教育。此处用不定式作表语。
2．a 解析：考查冠词。句意：Adam Braun在印度游览时，一个女孩在街上拦住了他，向他要钱。girl为可数名词单数，且此处是第一次提到，故应用不定冠词a。
3．mst 解析：考查副词的最高级。句意：他问她在世界上她最想要什么。根据句意及空后的“f all”可知，此处表示“最想要”，故应用副词的最高级形式。
4．reality 解析：考查名词。句意：这个女孩从来没有上过学，这是全世界5 700万孩子的现状。此处定冠词“the”后应跟名词。故用reality，意为“事实，现实”。
5．hers 解析：考查代词。句意：毕业后，Adam Braun从来没有忘记这个女孩和她的问题。介词f后应跟名词性物主代词，表示“她的”，故此处应用hers。
6．t 解析：考查介词。此处考查固定搭配have access t sth.“有机会使用……”，故应用介词t。
7．where 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词ther places，且在从句中作地点状语，故应用where。
8．actually 解析：考查副词。句意：我们努力确保这个项目不只是孩子们漂亮的图片和视频，还有我们真正地看到课堂上令人惊叹的成果。修饰动词应用副词actually。
9．kids 解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：Braun说，这就是在Pencils f Prmise学校的孩子们从一个年级到下个年级进步迅速的原因。根据句意及谓语动词prgress可知，此处应用kid的复数形式。
10．has helped 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：从那时起，它已经帮助了非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的22 000多个孩子。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时。