初中英语简易实用语法导学练8:祈使句和感叹句
展开初中英语简易实用语法导学练8: 祈使句和感叹句
- 祈使句:表请求、命令或建议。
特点: 通常省略主语,谓语用动词原形。句末用句号或者感叹号。
___________________________ 打开灯。
____________________________ 别忘了关上门。
祈使句可以在句首或句末加上please以表示客气:
Please come here! /Come here, please!
否定祈使句在动词前加don’t:
(Please) Don’t come here!
__________________ again (,please)! (不要再迟到了)
“let+宾语+动词原形(+其它成分)” 祈使句:
Let me have a look.
Let’s go home.
Let’s not say anything about it!
祈使句的反意疑问句,一般在句尾加will you,
Don’t forget it, will you?
Give me a hand,will you?
let’s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用shall we;let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you,如:
Let’s go there, ___________________?
Let us go there,_________________?
祈使句用于两个重要句型中:
1) “Do sth and you will do sth(表结果)”用来叙述肯定的条件.
Hurry up and you’ll catch the train.
=________ you hurry up, you ______________ the train.
2) “Do sth or you will do sth(表结果)”用来叙述否定的条件,or(else)表示“否则;要不然”.
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
=If you _________________, you’ll miss the train.
- 感叹句。
感叹句用来表达强烈的感情。感叹句由what或how开头。what修饰名词, how修饰形容词、副词或动词。 句式如下:
1) What + a(an) +(adj)+ n +主谓
What + (adj)+n(s) +主谓!
What nice music it is!
2) How + adj + a(an) + n + 主谓!
How + adj/adv + 主谓!
How clever the girl is!
感叹句是陈述句变化而来的:
根据以上句式把下面的句子改成感叹句。
1) He is a kind man.
→What ________________________.
→How ________________________.
2) They showed us beautiful pictures.
→___________________________________
3) The children are playing happily.
→___________________________________
4) I love you very much.
→________________________________
在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。这时要通过还原句子或语境来判断省略了哪些词。
1) What a fine day!
还原句子:It is a fine day.→What a fine day it is!
2) The car is travelling at 20 km/h. How slowly!
还原句子: How slowly the car is travelling.!
- 强化句子的基本概念
1) 首字母大写。How are you?
2) 以句号、问号、感叹号为结束标志。
改错:It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.
【预习检测】
翻译:
1) 小心 (careful)! __________________
2) 请不要在这抽烟。__________________________
3) 我们不要相爱了。(let, BigBang新歌单曲)________________________________
4) 我们正过着多么幸福的生活啊! ___________________________ we are living!
5) 多好的天气啊! ____________________________
6) 他跑得真快啊!____________________________
7) _______________________ (比较这两把牙刷) and you’ll find the purple one is softer. (compare) (11年湖北高考)
【当堂训练】
- 补全句子:
1) Pass me the paper, ____________________? (反意疑问句)
2) Let’s take a walk in the park, _________________? (反意疑问句)
3) ______________________ 不要发出声音, will you?
4) _________________________(把我的钱还给我,give), or I’ll ring the police.
- 把下面的句子改成感叹句:
1) He is a good boy.
_____________________________________
2) The man walks quickly.
_____________________________________
3) She loves her mother very much.
_____________________________________
4) They are lovely boys.
_____________________________________
5) The park is beautiful.
_____________________________________
【课后巩固提升】
改错:
1) Let’s don’t go out.
2) is this your bag?
3) How lovely your son is a boy.
4) Let’s go shopping, will you?
5) Don’t go away, do you?
6) How fun it is to ride a bike!
7) How beautiful she sings!
8) Work hard, you’ll pass the exam.
9) How beautiful girls they are!
10) *He was late again, it made his teacher very angry.