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高一英语必修一人教版试卷习题
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高一英语必修一人教版试卷习题
一、完形填空（共3题；共0分）
1.完形填空
Mary and I , together with our husbands, helped look after our neighbors' children this weekend. Our 1 have two children aged 3 and 6 and my husband and I chose the six-year-old child. What a pleasure! We 2 last night with Mary who invited us to have dinner. They were looking after the 3-year-old boy for 3 at their dining table.
The 3-year-old child was 4 his parents who were overseas for the weekend. When he saw his sister he 5 with tears flowing on his face. I had “Plan B” in the back of my head. When I saw that the child was 6 and my friends who were looking after him were also 7 I offered to take both of them with us.
I thought another 8 for the night wasn't the best idea, so we 9 made a decision to go back to our own house. Then I 10 the child's overnight bed 11 and we came back home together. I had a 12 night as the boy was awake 5 times through the night, crying for his mommy, and it took a while to 13 him down.
Mary and her 14 came over this morning with their own children who are under 2 years old 15 I could have a short 16 At noon, they left. I had just got to get through the 17 baths and dinner, and 18 their parents would be back.
At night, both my husband and I were tired but we thought it was good to have “Plan B”, and how happy we were with such 19 friends that invited us for dinner, and were thoughtful enough to 20 me a break this morning.
1. A. neighbors
B. classmates
C. parents
D. enemies
2. A. turned around
B. dressed up
C. settled down
D. met up
3. A. fun
B. dinner
C. concern
D. power
4. A. joining
B. visiting
C. missing
D. hating
5. A. smiled
B. cried
C. drank
D. played
6. A. kind
B. shocked
C. sad
D. funny
7. A. nervous
B. quiet
C. excited
D. moved
8. A. weekend
B. overcoat
C. cab
D. house
9. A. frequently
B. hardly
C. quickly
D. gradually
10. A. ate up
B. packed up
C. made
D. threw
11. A. toys
B. shoes
C. clothes
D. foods
12. A. terrible
B. peaceful
C. hopeful
D. sweet
13. A. send
B. let
C. pull
D. calm
14. A. children
B. husband
C. students
D. sister
15. A. but
B. for
C. or
D. so
16. A. trip
B. break
C. stay
D. moment
17. A. afternoon
B. morning
C. evening
D. week
18. A. even
B. still
C. then
D. ever
19. A. strong
B. honest
C. bad
D. good
20. A. offer
B. suggest
C. avoid
D. request
2.完形填空
One fall, I took some time off and went to visit relatives by train. I was 1 out of school and had just begun working. On my return 2 , I noticed a couple — a serviceman and a 3 — having a conversation.
4 , I realized they two weren't traveling 5 after all, but had just met on the train. The woman got off at Rochester, New York, leaving the soldier 6 , I couldn't 7 noticing his good looks out of the corner of my 8 .
He asked if he could look at the train timetable I was holding, and then if he could sit 9 to me. He's a fast mover, I thought. I would 10 watched out for this one.
I invited him to 11 the too-large lunch, and we talked 12 to my stop in Oneida. We exchanged addresses and he said he would be in 13 .
After a week, I still hadn't 14 him and thought he'd forgotten about me. Then, on Saturday, the phone rang and a 15 voice asked if I would like to see a movie with him 16 evening. He'd come to Oneida, and we 17 seeing it at the cinema.
We had several 18 dates during his army leave, and then he was sent overseas. For the next years, we wrote to each other and he 19 me on other vacations. In 1957, we married.
Before taking this trip of mine and all those years ago, I was warned never to speak to strangers on a train. I'm certainly 20 I didn't listen.
1. A. happy
B. young
C. fresh
D. anxious
2. A. trip
B. way
C. flight
D. voyage
3. A. beautiful girl
B. young woman
C. close fellow
D. middle-aged lady
4. A. However
B. Surprisingly
C. Unluckily
D. Eventually
5. A. together
B. far
C. happily
D. smoothly
6. A. disappointed
B. alone
C. lonely
D. regretful
7. A. stop
B. continue
C. help
D. enjoy
8. A. sight
B. mind
C. view
D. eye
9. A. close
B. next
C. down
D. directly
10. A. need
B. dare
C. choose
D. have
11. A. eat
B. enjoy
C. share
D. consume
12. A. all the way
B. all the day
C. face to face
D. side by side
13. A. state
B. memory
C. connection
D. touch
14. A. learned from
B. heard from
C. known about
D. told from
15. A. clear
B. strange
C. familiar
D. loud
16. A. that
B. one
C. this
D. last
17. A. sat up
B. ended up
C. turned up
D. came up
18. A. more
B. memorable
C. valuable
D. precious
19. A. saw
B. comforted
C. calmed
D. visited
20. A. brave
B. wrong
C. glad
D. right
3.完形填空
In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer’s conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 1 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 2 .
Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I 3 to catch a taxi to my 4 and settle in. The next morning, I took another 5 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs. 6 I went to a cafe to have lunch, but all the tables were 7 . Then I heard a friendly voice saying, "You can 8 my table."
I gratefully sat down with the 9 lady and we had a happy lunch together. As the 10 drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. I had already told her that I hadn't 11 a car, and hadn't realized how 12 taking taxis would he. After a while she said, "My dear, don't use any more taxis. I'm retired and it would be my pleasure to 13 you wherever you wish." I told her that I couldn't put her to that 14 ,but she brushed aside my protests(反对). She asked me where I was 15 and the next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the 16 time to take me to Disney World. She spent some time with me before leaving me to 17 alone. At the end of the day, she 18 to take me back to my accommodation. I 19 her money but she refused to take any.
I'll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 20 , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
1. A. holiday
B. ceremony
C. operation
D. experiment
2. A. kept
B. went
C. dropped
D. knocked
3. A. intended
B. promised
C. managed
D. deserved
4. A. hospital
B. company
C. university
D. accommodation
5. A. colleague
B. passenger
C. suitcase
D. taxi
6. A. Instead
B. First
C. Later
D. Once
7. A. classified
B. occupied
C. decorated
D. painted
8. A. share
B. reserve
C. set
D. possess
9. A. old
B. poor
C. innocent
D. stubborn
10. A. journey
B. meal
C. speech
D. interview
11. A. donated
B. repaired
C. hired
D. guided
12. A. convenient
B. worthwhile
C. unfortunate
D. expensive
13. A. inspire
B. entertain
C. call
D. drive
14. A. business
B. argument
C. trouble
D. challenge
15. A. working
B. staying
C. moving
D. shopping
16. A. appointed
B. limited
C. favourite
D. regular
17. A. digest
B. explore
C. perform
D. calculate
18. A. forgot
B. refused
C. returned
D. preferred
19. A. sent
B. lent
C. offered
D. owed
20. A. confidence
B. dignity
C. curiosity
D. kindness
二、阅读理解（共7题；共0分）
4.阅读理解
If you've not heard that the decade-old princess-culture is causing problems—especially if you're a parent—you must be actively working to avoid it.
The latest study adding fuel to the fire comes out of Brigham Young University and finds that the Disney princess obsession can be harmful to girls.
“I think parents think that the Disney princess culture is safe. That's the word I hear time and time again—it's safe.” Lead study author Sarah M. Coyne of the Mormon institution in Utah noted in a press release. “But if we're fully jumping in here and really embracing (accepting) it, parents should really consider the long-term impact of the princess culture."
So, what's the problem this time around? Same as always, confirmed the study, published in the journal Child Development, which involved the assessment of 198 preschoolers: Lots of engagement with princess culture (whether through moves or toys) can lead to gender-stereotypical(性别定性) behavior as well as self-critical body image.
The strict gender stereotypes can hold girls back. “They feel like they can't do some things,” Coyne said, “They're not as confident that they can do well in math and science. They don't like getting dirty, so they're less likely to try and experiment with things.”
On the other hand, “Disney princesses represent some of the first examples of exposure to the thin ideal,” Coyne said. “As women, we get it our whole lives, and it really does start at the Disney princess level, at age 3 and 4.”
So, what should a parent do? Try his or her best to avoid all princesses for the entire of a girl's childhood? I'd say, have moderation in all things, have your kids involved in all sorts of activities, and just have princesses be one of many, many things that they like to do and engage with." Coyne suggested. “This study has changed the way I talk to my daughter, the things I focus on, and it's been really good for me as a parent to learn from this study,” Coyne said. “I usually can't say that my research findings have such a personal impact on my life."
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。
（1）What do we know about the study?
A.It proved that the Disney princess obsession is harmful.
B.Sarah M. Coyne is the first one to do the research.
C.It started a heated discussion among people.
D.It suggested watching TV programmes of I lie Disney is safe.
（2）How many problems can the Disney princess culture cause according to the study?
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
D.Four.
（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The Disney princess culture.
B.The idea that girls can't do some things.
C.The idea that girls should be thin.
D.The problem the Disney culture causes.
（4）What advice does Coyne give to parents?
A.Actively work on the old princess culture.
B.Change their way they talk to their daughter.
C.Avoid girls to watch any princesses.
D.Have girls involved in all kinds of activities.
5.阅读理解
Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation (发行 ). The “Daily Mirror “ and the “Daily express” both sell about four million copies everyday. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning and two or three on Sundays.
Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and county area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially (财政 ) and many of them are very profitable (赚钱的 ) .
These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports. Editors prefer to rely on people who know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neighborhood and it does not get out to date as quickly as national news.
The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising ( 广告) . He is usually anxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to draw local readers, the business men are grateful for the opportunity (机会 ) to keep their products in the public eyes.
（1）Visitors to Britain are surprised to learn that ____.
A.there are so many local newspapers there
B.local papers should have a circulation of four million
C.the “Daily Mirror “ and “Daily Express” sell as many as 4 million copies every day
D.British newspapers are so widely read
（2）Local newspapers have ______.
A.a circulation as large as that of national newspapers
B.a daily circulation of 13 million
C.a slightly smaller circulation
D.an even larger circulation
（3）In the writer's opinion, no paper can possibly succeed without _____.
A.advertisements
B.interesting reports
C.a great deal of national news
D.an excellent sales manager
（4）Which of the following is true?
A.All the local newspapers are very profitable.
B.Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 14 million
C.Local readers are much interested in local news
D.Each British family buys three newspapers on Sundays
6.（2016•上海）阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。
C
Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.
The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee's report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.
“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.
It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” saysMiller.
Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to thinkthey would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, hesays.
Other organizations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don't know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’time,” he says.
Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don't know how companies will use our data because their business models anduses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information havebecome valuable only recently, he says.
The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don't expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn't working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Althoughthey would still have to actually read them.
（1）What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?
A.Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.
B.Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.
C.Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.
D.Insignificant data collected by social media firms.
（2）It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.
A.social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme
B.people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think
C.a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale
D.the kitemark would help companies develop their business models
（3）Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.
A.their users consist largely of kids under 20 years old
B.the language in their contracts is usually harder to understand
C.the information they collected could become more valuable in future
D.it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of
（4）The writer advises users of social media to _______.
A.think carefully before posting anything onto such websites
B.read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemark
C.take no further action if they can find a kitemark
D.avoid providing too much personal information
（5）Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.Say no to social media?
B.New security rules in operation?
C.Accept without reading?
D.Administration matters!
7.（2015浙江）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers， percentages, and other data . A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data .
Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title ,a main idea ,and supporting details .You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text .
Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title , a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the author's main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner, Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph .Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures.
Bar Graphs
A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades
that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow manystudents earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can
get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).
Line Graphs
A line graph looks similar to a bar graph ,but instead of Bars, it plots points and connects them with a line .It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way .To read a line graph, it’s important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points, This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.
Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).
The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that ,on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the bird’s migration.
Pie Graphs
A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents l00 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.
A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows on month’s expense, (See Graph 3 ).
Food $ 25
Movies $ 12
Clothing $ 36
Savings $ 20
Books $ 7
（1）When used in a graph，a legend is_____
A. a guide to the symbols and colors
B.an introduction paragraph
C. the main idea
D.the data
（2） What is the total number of students who earned a C or better ?
A.4
B.6
C.10
D.20
（3）The bird covered the longest distance on _____
A.Day 1
B.Day 2
C.Day 3
D.Day 4
（4）Which of the following cost Amy most ?
A.Food.
B.Books
C. Movies
D.Clothing.
8.（2015·北京卷）
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between
the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be
damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never
touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and
scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption
make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping.
That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it ----you see the things
behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they
contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb
light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials----skin, fat, and more----and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light
moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters.Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are
simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see--through. Others build a large, clear mass of
non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light
exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
（1）According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______
A.stay in groups
B.can be easily damaged
C.appear only in deep ocean
D.are beautiful creatures
（2）The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________.
A.silently
B.gradually
C.regularly
D.completely
（3）One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________.
A. change the direction of light travel
B.gather materials to scatter light.
C.avoid the absorption of light
D. grow bigger to stop light.
（4）The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________.
A.move more slowly in deep water
B. stay see-through even after death
C. produce more tissues for their survival
D.take effective action to reduce Light spreading
9.（2017•天津）阅读理解
C
This month, Germany's transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver's role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars', people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
（1）What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.A place where cars often break down.
B.A case where passing a law is impossible.
C.An area where no driving is permitted.
D.A situation where drivers' role is not clear.
（2）The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.
A.stop people from breaking traffic rules
B.help promote fully automatic driving
C.protect drivers of all ages and races
D.prevent serious property damage
（3）What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?
A.It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B.It should be the main concern of law makers.
C.It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D.It should involve no human responsibility.
（4）Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________.
A.Singapore
B.the UK
C.the US
D.Germany
（5）What could be the best title for passage?
A.Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B.Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C.Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!
D.Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
10.（2018•卷Ⅰ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
"We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves."
The eight-part series(系列节目),Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
（1）What do we know about Susanna Reid?
A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.
B.She has started a new programme.
C.She dislikes working early in the morning.
D.She has had a tight budget for her family.
（2）How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A.He buys cooking materials for her.
B.He prepares food for her kids.
C.He assists her in cooking matters.
D.He invites guest families for her.
（3）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B.Provide some advice for the readers.
C.Add some background information.
D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B.Balancing Our Daily Diet
C.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D.Cooking Well for Less
答案部分
第 1 题:
【答案】 （1）A；（2）D；（3）B；（4）C；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）D；（16）B；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和朋友玛丽夫妇照看邻居家孩子的经过，作者因为有这样的朋友而感到高兴。
（1）考查名词。A. neighbors”邻居“； B. classmates ”同学“； C. parents ” 父母“； D. enemies”敌人“。作者本周要照顾邻居家的孩子，可知邻居家有一个3岁和一个6岁的孩子。故选A。
（2）考查动词词组。A. turned around ”转过身“； B. dressed up” 打扮“； C. settled down”定居“； D. met up”偶遇，见面“。从上文可知Mary家和作者家分别照顾邻居家的一个孩子，昨晚Mary邀请我们见面，一块吃饭。故选D。
（3）考查名词。A. fun ”快乐“； B. dinner” 晚餐“； C. concern”关心“； D. power”力量“。在餐桌上他们照顾三岁的男孩吃晚饭。故选B。
（4）考查动词。A. joining”参加“； B. visiting”访问“； C. missing ”想念“； D. hating”厌恶“。这3岁的孩子想念在国外度周末的父母。故选C。
（5）考查动词。A. smiled ”微笑“； B. cried ”哭“； C. drank” 喝“； D. played”玩“。根据”with tears flowing on his face“可知小男孩看见6岁的姐姐就哭了。故选B。
（6）考查形容词。A. kind ”友好的“； B. shocked ”震惊的“； C. sad ”伤心的“； D. funny”逗乐的“。我看见朋友照顾的小男孩伤心时我也紧张不安，我打算把他们两个都带走。故选C。
（7）考查形容词。A. nervous ”紧张不安的“； B. quiet ”安静的“； C. excited ”兴奋的“； D. moved”感动的“。我看见朋友照顾的小男孩伤心时我也紧张不安，我打算把他们两个都带走。故选A。
（8）考查名词。A. weekend ”周末“； B. overcoat”外套“； C. cab ”出租车“； D. house”家，房子“。根据后半句中的our own house可知，我认为在另一个家过夜不是最好的，所以我们很快决定回我们自己的家。故选D。
（9）考查副词。A. frequently”频繁地“； B. hardly”几乎不“； C. quickly ” 迅速地“； D. gradually”逐渐地“。我认为在另一个家过夜不是最好的，所以我们很快决定回我们自己的家。故选C。
（10）考查动词词组。A. ate up ”吃光“； B. packed up”整理，打包“； C. made ”制造“； D. threw”扔“。然后我把孩子晚上的衣服放在包里。故选B。
（11）考查名词。A. toys ”玩具“； B. shoes ”鞋“； C. clothes ”衣服“； D. foods”食品“。然后我把孩子晚上的衣服放在包里。故选C。（12）考查形容词。A. terrible”可怕的“； B. peaceful ”和平的“； C. hopeful ”有希望的“； D. sweet”甜的“。小男孩一晚上醒五次，所以说我有一个糟糕的晚上。故选A。
（13）考查动词。A. send ”寄派“； B. let ”让“； C. pull” 拉“； D. calm”使冷静“。他晚上哭着找妈妈，使他冷静下来需要一段时间。故选D。
（14）考查名词。A. children ”孩子“； B. husband ”丈夫“； C. students ”学生“； D. sister”姐妹“。第二天早上玛丽和她的丈夫带着她们的孩子来了，所以我能休息一会儿。故选B。
（15）考查并列连词。A. but ”但是“； B. for ”因为“； C. or ”或者“； D. so”所以“。第二天早上玛丽和她的丈夫带着她们的孩子来了，所以我能休息一会儿。故选D。
（16）考查名词。A. trip ”旅行“； B. break ”休息“； C. stay”停留“； D. moment”片刻“。第二天早上玛丽和她的丈夫带着她们的孩子来了，所以我能休息一会儿。故选B。
（17）考查名词。A. afternoon ”下午“； B. morning ”上午“； C. evening” 晚上“； D. week”周“。在中午，他们离开。我刚刚熬过了下午，洗澡和晚餐，然后等他们的父母回来。故选A。
（18）考查副词。A. even” 甚至“； B. still ”仍然“； C. then ”然后“； D. ever”曾经“。我刚刚熬过了下午，洗澡和晚餐，然后等他们的父母回来。故选C。
（19）考查形容词。A. strong ”强壮的“； B. honest ”诚实的“； C. bad ”坏的“； D. good”好的“。朋友邀请我们吃晚饭，今天早上还让我休息，他们考虑得很周到，有这样的朋友是非常开心的。故选D。
（20）考查动词。A. offer ”提供“； B. suggest ”建议“； C. avoid ” 避免“； D. request”请求“。朋友邀请我们吃晚饭，今天早上还让我休息，他们考虑得很周到，有这样的朋友是非常开心的。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
第 2 题:
【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；（16）A；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）C；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者亲身经历的两件事：一是作者的车在路上坏了，一对夫妇帮助作者到了朋友家，作者向其致信表达感谢；二是作者车的电池用完了，向一家卖车的商店寻求帮助，之后作者同样向其致信表达感谢。通过这两件事作者向我们展示表达感谢的重要性。
（1）考查形容词。A. happy“高兴的”；B. young “年轻的”； C. fresh “新鲜的”；D. anxious“焦虑的”。一个秋天，我休息了一段时间，坐火车去看望亲戚。我刚从学校毕业，刚刚开始工作。故选C。
（2）考查名词。A. trip“旅行”；B. way“方法”；C. flight “航班”；D. voyage“航行”。在我回来的途中，我注意到一对夫妇——个军人和一位女士在谈话。故选A。
（3）考查名词。A. beautiful girl “美丽女孩”； B. young woman “年轻女人”；C. close fellow “亲密伙伴”；D. middle-aged lady“中年女士”。根据下文的The woman，可知选B。
（4）考查副词。A. However“然而”；B. Surprisingly“令人惊讶地”；C. Unluckily“不幸运地”；D. Eventually“最后”。最后，我意识到他们不是一起旅行的。故选D。
（5）考查副词。A. together “一起”； B. far “遥远地”；C. happily “高兴地”；D. smoothly“流利地”。最后，我意识到他们不是一起旅行的，只是在火车上认识。故选A。
（6）考查形容词。A. disappointed“失望的”； B. alone “独自的”； C. lonely“孤独的，寂寞的”；D. regretful“后悔的”。这位女士下车，留下士兵独自一人。故选B。
（7）考查动词。A. stop“ 停止”；B. continue “继续”；C. help “帮助”；D. enjoy“喜爱”。我禁不住注意到他从我的角落里露出了好看的样子。故选C。couldn't help doing sth.固定短语，“情不自禁做某事”，可知答案为C。
（8）考查名词。A. sight“视力”；B. mind “思想”；C. view“视野”；D. eye“眼睛”。我禁不住注意到他从我的角落里露出了好看的样子。故选D。（9）考查副词。A. close“紧密地”；B. next “下次”；C. down “向下” ；D. directly“直接地”。他问是否他能看我手中的火车时刻表，是否能挨着我坐下。next to固定短语，“紧挨着，下一个”，故选B。
（10）考查动词。A. need “需要”；B. dare“敢”；C. choose“选择”；D. have“有”。我将会注意到这个的。would have done“将会做了某事”，答案为D。
（11）考查动词。A. eat“吃”； B. enjoy “喜爱”；C. share “分享”；D. consume“消费”。我邀请他分享丰盛的午餐。故选C。
（12）考查固定短语。A. all the way “一路上”； B. all the day“一整天”；C. face to face“面对面”；D. side by side“并肩”。我们一路上谈话到我下车。故选A。
（13）考查名词。A. state“状态”；B. memory “记忆”；C. connection “连接”；D. touch“联系”。我们交换地址，他说他会联系的。故选D。（14）考查动词词组。A. learned from “向......学”；B. heard from“收到......的来信”；C. known about“了解” ；D. told from“区别”。过了一周，我仍然没有收到他的来信，我认为他把我忘了。故选B。
（15）考查形容词。A. clear“清楚的”；B. strange “奇怪的”；C. familiar “熟悉的”；D. loud“大声的”。在星期六，一个熟悉的声音问我是否我在那天晚上愿意和他去看电影。故选C。
（16）考查代词。句意：在星期六，一个熟悉的声音问我是否我在那天晚上愿意和他去看电影。故选A。
（17）考查动词词组。A. sat up“熬夜”；B. ended up “结束” ；C. turned up “调大，出现”；D. came up“走进，被提升。”他来了，我们在那个电影院看了电影。end up doing sth.固定短语，“以做某事而结束”，故选B。
（18）考查形容词。A. more“更多”； B. memorable“难忘的” ；C. valuable “有价值的”；D. precious“珍贵的”。在他休假期间我们又有几次约会。故选A。
（19）考查动词。A. saw “看见”；B. comforted “安慰”；C. calmed “使平静”；D. visited“访问”。在接下来的几年里，我们互相写信，在其他假期他去看望我。故选D。
（20）考查形容词。A. brave“勇敢的”；B. wrong “错误的”；C. glad “高兴的”；D. right“正确的”。我被告诉不要和陌生人说话，我高兴我没有听他们的话。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，副词，动词，固定短语，代词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
第 3 题:
【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）A；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B；（16）A；（17）B；（18）C；（19）C；（20）D；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者到佛罗里达开会度假，在一个咖啡店遇到一个老太太，这个老太太不仅让作者和她共用一个餐桌，而且主动提出用车送他，第二天她果然这么做了，作者非常感动，这次旅行给他留下深刻的影响。
（1）考查名词。A.holiday”假日“；B.ceremony”仪式“；C.operation”操作“；D.experiment”试验“。根据”In 2012, I had just recovered form a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida.“可知作者要去开会，这对于作者来说是度假，再根据下文”filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.“可知，故选A。
（2）考查动词。A.kept”保持“；B.went”进行“；C.dropped”下降“；D.knocked”敲门“。因为作者从病中恢复，现在有机会度假，所以他就去了。go off”出发”；keep off“不要践踏”；drop off“中途下客卸货”；knock off“撞掉”。故选B。
（3）考查动词。A.intended“预期的”；B.promised“承诺”；C.managed“设法，管理”；D.deserved“应得的”。根据上文的“Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring,”可知到达这个阳光之州是非常疲劳的，但是我还是设法赶上了一辆出租车，到我的目的地，安定下来，manage to do“设法成功的做了……”，故选C。
（4）考查名词。A.hospital“医院”；B.company“公司”；C.accommodation“住宿”；D.university“大学”。因为作者是来开会的，所以是到达住处，根据下文“At the end of the day, she 18 to take me back to my accommodation.”也可以知道答案，故选C。
（5）考查名词。A.bus“汽车”；B.truck“卡车”；C.train“列车”；D.taxi“出租车”。根据上文，but“ I 3 to catch a taxi to my 4 ”可知作者是乘出租车到达住处的，第二天乘了另外一辆出租车去超市买了一些纪念品，故选D。
（6）考查副词。A.Instead“而不是”；B.First“第一”；C.Later“后来”；D.Once“一旦”。这里表示作者的行程，先去买了纪念品，后来去咖啡店吃午饭，故选C。
（7）考查动词。A. classified“分类”；B. ccupied“占领”；C. decorated“装饰”；D. painted“画”。根据表示转折的连词but和下文的内容“Then I heard a friendly voice saying, ‘You can 8 my table.’"可知这里的桌子都被占据了，故选B。
（8）考查动词。A. share”分享“；B. reserve”保护区“ ；C. set”放置“；D. possess”拥有'。根据下文"I gratefully sat down with the 9 lady and we had a happy lunch together."可知一个友好的声音邀请作者共用一个桌子，故选A。
（9）考查形容词。A. old老的；B. poor可怜的；C. innocent无辜的；D. stubborn固执的。根据下文的：I’m retired 可知这是一个老太太，故选A。（10）考查名词辨析。A. journey"旅程"；B. meal"饭"；C. speech"语音"；D .interview"面试"。根据上文"we had a happy lunch together."可知作者在咖啡店和老太太共用一个桌子吃午饭，这里表示在饭快吃完的时候，故选B。
（11）考查动词。A. donated"捐赠"；B. repaired"修理"；C. hired"雇用" ；D. guided"引导"。根据上文"Next morning, I took another 5 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs."可知作者是乘坐出租车的，所以没有雇佣一辆汽车，故选C。
（12）考查形容词。A. convenient"方便的"；B. worthwhile"值得的"；C. unfortunate"不幸的"；D. expensive"昂贵的"。根据下文" I 19 her money but she refused to take any. "这个老太太用自己的车送作者，而作者想给她钱,所以作者认为乘出租车是贵的，故选D。
（13）考查动词。A. inspire"激发"；B. entertain"娱乐"；C.call"打电话" ；D.drive"驾驶"。根据上文"My dear, don't use any more taxis."老太太让作者不要乘出租车了，可知她愿意用车送作者到任何地方，故选D。
（14）考查名词。A.business"业务"；B.argument"争论"；C.trouble"麻烦"；D.challenge"挑战"。根据上文"it would be my pleasure to 13 you wherever you wish."可知老太太愿意用车送作者到任何地方，作者不想这么麻烦她，故选C。
（15）考查动词。A. working"工作"；B. staying"保持" ；C. moving"移动" ；D. shopping"购物"。根据下文"next morning she was waiting at my apartment"第二天老太太等在作者公寓门口，所以是问作者住在什么地方，表示临时的逗留在…地方，用stay，故选B。
（16）考查形容词。A. appointed"任命" ；B. limited"有限的"；C. favourite"最喜欢的"；D. regula"调节"。根据上文可知作者在前一天和老太太有约定，故选A。
（17）考查动词。A. digest"摘要"；B. explore"探讨"；C .perform"执行"；D. calculate"计算"。句意：她花了一些时间和我在一起，然后才让我一个人探索迪斯尼乐园，故选B。
（18）考查动词。A.forgot“忘记”；B.refused“拒绝”；C.returned“返回'；D.preferred"优先"。根据上文"She spent some time with me before leaving me to 17 alone."老太太将作者一个人留在迪斯尼乐园探索，晚上又回来将他带回到住处，故选C。
（19）考查名词。A. so"所以"；B.and "和"；C. but"但是"；D. owed"欠"。因为老太太用车送作者来回，作者给她钱但是她拒绝接受，使用了offer sb. sth.给某人某物，故选C。
（20）考查名词。A. confidence"信心" ；B. dignity"尊严" ；C. curiosity"好奇心" ；D.kindness" 仁慈"。根据整个文章可知老太太对于作者的善举让作者的假期充满了美好的记忆，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词、动词、副词、形容词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，覆盖面广，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
第 4 题:
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，社会文化类，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了迪士尼公主文化问题，一项研究表明，痴迷于迪士尼公主对女孩来说是有害的。这种文化会引发两个问题——性别定性行为和对身体形象的自我批判。专家建议父母可以让孩子们多参与课外活动，避免这些危害。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段“The latest study adding fuel to the fire comes out of Brigham Young University and finds that the Disney princess obsession can be harmful to girls”可知，研究发现痴迷女孩迪士尼公主是有害的。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lots of engagement with princess culture (whether through moves or toys) can lead to gender-stereotypical behavior as well as self-critical body image”可知，迪士尼文化会引发两个问题——性别定性行为和对身体形象的自我批判。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据原句“As women, we get it our whole lives, and it really does start at the Disney princess level, at age 3 and 4.”可知，作为女人，我们都希望自己的生命处在三四岁女孩的身体水平，根据常识，三四岁的女孩身体都偏瘦小，结合选项，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I'd say, have moderation in all things, have your kids involved in all sorts of activities, and just have princesses be one of many, many things that they like to do and engage with.”可知，Coyne建议父母让孩子们多参加各种各样的活动。故选D。
第 5 题:
【答案】 （1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【考点】细节理解题，社会现象类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了英国报纸行业繁荣的原因：在英国，基本每家每户每天都会看报纸，甚至在周末会看两三份报纸。而英国的地方报纸行业发行量几乎和国家报纸一样多。报社编辑们坚信报纸行业的成功离不开广告。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知，英国报纸发行量巨大，很多家庭每天都会读一份，甚至两到三份报纸。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据“Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies.”可知，当地报纸销量几乎和英国报社一样多，即稍微少一点。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据“The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising (广告).”可知，报纸的成功离不开广告。故选A。细节理解题。根据“These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports.”可知，当地居民对当地的新闻很感兴趣。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据“These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports.”可知，当地居民对当地的新闻很感兴趣。故选C。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时首先确定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
第 6 题:
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【考点】词义猜测题，推理判断题，社会现象类，议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇社会现象类阅读。当我们在社交媒体上注册登记的时候，总会签署一些无意义的法律合同，文章就此现象展开了讨论，并列举了多人的不同观点。
（1）A 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知很多社交媒体公司和用户签订了没有意义的法律合同。而这些合同是没有意义的废话，也起不到任何作用，很多用户根本没有仔细阅读合同的具体内容。故A正确。
（2）B 推理判断题。根据第五段前二句“Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I thinkif you went and did the survey, people would like tothink they would,” 及本段最后一句可知Nigel Shadbolt认为如果我们去做相关调查，人们会认为他们会很注意这些认证标记的，但在实际操作上又是另一回事。故B项正确。
（3）D 推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is goingto be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bitethem in 20 years’ time,” he says.可知我们现在还不知道所签署的这些长期的无意义的合同未来会给他们带来什么样的影响。也不知道未来人们会怎么利用这样的信息。故D项正确。
（4）B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句If properly administered, a kitemark on terms andconditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Althoughthey would still have to actually read them.可知文章建议我们即使有认证标志，我们也应该认真阅读那些无意义的合同中的条款和内容，我们要知道我们所签署的协议的具体内容。故B正确。（5）C 标题概括题。现在的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，我们在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条约让我们签署。很多人从来都没有详细阅读这些合同条款就签名了。文章就此话题展开讨论，作者提出我们应该仔细阅读条款内容，然后再签名。故C项＂Accept without reading?未阅读就接受?＂符合文章中心思想。其余三项与文章内容不贴切。
【点评】主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。选择＂标题＂则是让考生给所读的文章选择一个合适的标题。通常标题由一个名词或名词短语充当，用词简短、精练。
文章标题的选择或拟定
①要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系；
②再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；
③要注意题目是过大还是过小；
④要避免下列三种错误：概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；过度概括（多表现为人为扩大范围）；以事实、细节替代抽象概括的大意。
要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方式。一般来说，标题的拟定方式是：以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的词组。
以第5小题为例, 现在的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，我们在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条约让我们签署。很多人从来都没有详细阅读这些合同条款就签名了。作者提出我们应该仔细阅读条款内容，然后再签名。C项“Accept without reading?未阅读就接受?”符合文章中心思想。
第 7 题:
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，说明文
【解析】【分析】：这是一篇说明文介绍图表的类型以及相关作用，通过对条形图、线形图和饼开图的介绍，让学生学会读图，运用英语解决实际问题。
1.A 根据第三段可以得出答案，第三段出现了两次legend,第一次是在第一行a legend or key，第二次是第六行A legend,also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph"一个图例，也被称为一个关键，是一个指导图中使用的符号和颜色，“而且答案直接可以在第六行找到，与答案选项表述一样。
2.D根据表述‘ In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow manystudents earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.在图1中，我们看到X轴显示学生获得的等级，Y轴显示每个等级的学生数，可以看到，6的学生获得了A，因为在它延伸到6垂直测量，“可以得出答案，另外其实不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案，C以上就是包含A，B，C，其中A为6，B为10，C为4，所以答案为20
3.C 不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案，从曲线图可以得出答案是Day3．
4.D不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案，从扇形图可以得出Clothing占比例最多。
【点评】初步尝试考查解读图表数据能力，以满足考生进一步学习和社会实践需求。这份阅读虽然文字内容很多而且涉及到了不少的专业术语表达，但是由于图已经说明了一切，所以还需要认真的读文章。但是在读图之前必须要看一看它的一些备注说明，也就是说起点是多少，每一格代表什么，以免出错，另
外这种题目还涉及到一种多学科的能力，比如说文科政治、历史和地理会经常出现一些图表。
第 8 题:
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】1.细节理解题，文章第一段第三行：Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch。得知B选项：透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。
2。词义猜测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行，前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射：而另外一种是对光线的吸收，既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思，故选D
3。推理判断题．根据第五段第一句 To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light。可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收．故选C，
4。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light
exactly as much as water does. 可以推断出D为正确答案．其中slowdown对应reduce故选D.
【点评】做科技类说明文时，考生应能：理解语篇主旨要义，理解文中具体信息，根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义，根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理。此次出现了新型科技类说明文。往年科技类说明文的阅读难点在于专业类词汇，但是今年的“新型耳机”在问题设置上难度不大，属于文章难但题目不难的题目。所以要理解好文章做好此题就不是难题。
第 9 题:
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，介绍德国交通部长Alexander Dobrindt针对自动驾驶车辆提出第一套规则，这套规则定义了司机在这种汽车里的作用并监管在有可能致命的交通事故中这些汽车的表现。
⑴词义猜测。A.汽车经常抛锚的地方；B.通过法律是不可能的一种情况；C.不允许驾驶的地区；D.司机的职责不清楚的情况。根据第二段 The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future句意：这一提议试图解决一些人所说的自动驾驶汽车的“死亡谷”:半自动和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，这个灰色地带可能会推迟无人驾驶汽车的未来。也就是要界定司机在驾驶中的责任。故选D。
⑵推理判断。A.阻止人们违反交通规则；B.帮助推进完全自动驾驶；C.保护所有年龄和种族的司机；D.预防严重的财产损坏。根据第二段 that could delay the driverless future可知部长的提议目的是为了明确驾驶中的责任，推进自动驾驶的发展，故选B。
⑶推理判断。A.这应该得到保险公司的关注；B. 这应该是法律制定者主要关心的；C.他不应该造成致命的交通事故；D.他不应该涉及人的责任。根据第七段 But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars', people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”可知想到无人驾驶的时候，大部分人都认为是不需要司机。也就是不需要人去负责，故选D。
⑷细节理解。根据最后一段That would go down poorly in the US, however.“The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo. 然而，这种情况在美国将会很糟糕。“政府将接管无人驾驶汽车，并将其视为公众利益的想法，在这里绝对找不到。”所以选C
⑸主旨大意。A.自动驾驶：谁的责任；B.完全自动驾驶汽车：一个新的突破；C.自动驾驶汽车：不用司机；D.无人驾驶汽车：公路事故的根源。根据新闻报道的特点可知本文的中心在第一段，即第一套规定自动驾驶汽车的责任人。故选A.自动驾驶——谁的责任。
【点评】这是一篇难度很高的新闻报道，从文章内容到题目设计都要求考生有很高的英语水平。如果考生平时多关注关于自动驾驶这方面的新闻报道对理解此文无异是有很大帮助的。本文对我们的启发是，我们不仅要学习英语知识，更要多关注科技发展和关于日常生活的热点新闻。
第 10 题:
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】细节理解题，主旨大意题，新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道类文章，介绍一档有Susanna Reid主持的烹饪节目，教观众如何用有限的预算做出即美味又有营养的饭菜。
⑴B 细节理解题。 根据第1段…but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role －showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.她煮一手好菜－向各个家庭展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备既好吃又营养的饭菜。还有第二段说出了这个电视节目的名字Save Money:Good food.可知她已经开始了一个新的节目，故答案为B。
⑵C 细节理解题。根据第2段第一句…with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt …可知这个厨师向她提供如何减少食物浪费以及用很少的钱准备食谱。故答案为C, 他在烹饪的事情上帮助她。
⑶C 细节理解题。本段讲述 ITV的电视节目Save Money: Good Health向观众提供如何从市场上种类繁多的健康产品中获得价值，而Save Money:Good food是步Save Money: Good Health的后尘，所以这一段作者是想要增加一些Save Money:Good food的背景信息，故答案为C。
（4）D 主旨大意。标题的特点之一是具有概括性。由文章首段showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget,第2段with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt …，整个文章最后一句…with less expensive but still tasty recipes.及新电视节目的名称Save Money: Good food可知应选D。
【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一句话就是对整篇文章的高度概括，阅读时要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解长难句，从而得到需要的答案。
高一英语必修一人教版试卷习题
一、完形填空（共3题；共0分）
1.完形填空
Mary and I , together with our husbands, helped look after our neighbors' children this weekend. Our 1 have two children aged 3 and 6 and my husband and I chose the six-year-old child. What a pleasure! We 2 last night with Mary who invited us to have dinner. They were looking after the 3-year-old boy for 3 at their dining table.
The 3-year-old child was 4 his parents who were overseas for the weekend. When he saw his sister he 5 with tears flowing on his face. I had “Plan B” in the back of my head. When I saw that the child was 6 and my friends who were looking after him were also 7 I offered to take both of them with us.
I thought another 8 for the night wasn't the best idea, so we 9 made a decision to go back to our own house. Then I 10 the child's overnight bed 11 and we came back home together. I had a 12 night as the boy was awake 5 times through the night, crying for his mommy, and it took a while to 13 him down.
Mary and her 14 came over this morning with their own children who are under 2 years old 15 I could have a short 16 At noon, they left. I had just got to get through the 17 baths and dinner, and 18 their parents would be back.
At night, both my husband and I were tired but we thought it was good to have “Plan B”, and how happy we were with such 19 friends that invited us for dinner, and were thoughtful enough to 20 me a break this morning.
1. A. neighbors
B. classmates
C. parents
D. enemies
2. A. turned around
B. dressed up
C. settled down
D. met up
3. A. fun
B. dinner
C. concern
D. power
4. A. joining
B. visiting
C. missing
D. hating
5. A. smiled
B. cried
C. drank
D. played
6. A. kind
B. shocked
C. sad
D. funny
7. A. nervous
B. quiet
C. excited
D. moved
8. A. weekend
B. overcoat
C. cab
D. house
9. A. frequently
B. hardly
C. quickly
D. gradually
10. A. ate up
B. packed up
C. made
D. threw
11. A. toys
B. shoes
C. clothes
D. foods
12. A. terrible
B. peaceful
C. hopeful
D. sweet
13. A. send
B. let
C. pull
D. calm
14. A. children
B. husband
C. students
D. sister
15. A. but
B. for
C. or
D. so
16. A. trip
B. break
C. stay
D. moment
17. A. afternoon
B. morning
C. evening
D. week
18. A. even
B. still
C. then
D. ever
19. A. strong
B. honest
C. bad
D. good
20. A. offer
B. suggest
C. avoid
D. request
2.完形填空
One fall, I took some time off and went to visit relatives by train. I was 1 out of school and had just begun working. On my return 2 , I noticed a couple — a serviceman and a 3 — having a conversation.
4 , I realized they two weren't traveling 5 after all, but had just met on the train. The woman got off at Rochester, New York, leaving the soldier 6 , I couldn't 7 noticing his good looks out of the corner of my 8 .
He asked if he could look at the train timetable I was holding, and then if he could sit 9 to me. He's a fast mover, I thought. I would 10 watched out for this one.
I invited him to 11 the too-large lunch, and we talked 12 to my stop in Oneida. We exchanged addresses and he said he would be in 13 .
After a week, I still hadn't 14 him and thought he'd forgotten about me. Then, on Saturday, the phone rang and a 15 voice asked if I would like to see a movie with him 16 evening. He'd come to Oneida, and we 17 seeing it at the cinema.
We had several 18 dates during his army leave, and then he was sent overseas. For the next years, we wrote to each other and he 19 me on other vacations. In 1957, we married.
Before taking this trip of mine and all those years ago, I was warned never to speak to strangers on a train. I'm certainly 20 I didn't listen.
1. A. happy
B. young
C. fresh
D. anxious
2. A. trip
B. way
C. flight
D. voyage
3. A. beautiful girl
B. young woman
C. close fellow
D. middle-aged lady
4. A. However
B. Surprisingly
C. Unluckily
D. Eventually
5. A. together
B. far
C. happily
D. smoothly
6. A. disappointed
B. alone
C. lonely
D. regretful
7. A. stop
B. continue
C. help
D. enjoy
8. A. sight
B. mind
C. view
D. eye
9. A. close
B. next
C. down
D. directly
10. A. need
B. dare
C. choose
D. have
11. A. eat
B. enjoy
C. share
D. consume
12. A. all the way
B. all the day
C. face to face
D. side by side
13. A. state
B. memory
C. connection
D. touch
14. A. learned from
B. heard from
C. known about
D. told from
15. A. clear
B. strange
C. familiar
D. loud
16. A. that
B. one
C. this
D. last
17. A. sat up
B. ended up
C. turned up
D. came up
18. A. more
B. memorable
C. valuable
D. precious
19. A. saw
B. comforted
C. calmed
D. visited
20. A. brave
B. wrong
C. glad
D. right
3.完形填空
In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer’s conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 1 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 2 .
Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I 3 to catch a taxi to my 4 and settle in. The next morning, I took another 5 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs. 6 I went to a cafe to have lunch, but all the tables were 7 . Then I heard a friendly voice saying, "You can 8 my table."
I gratefully sat down with the 9 lady and we had a happy lunch together. As the 10 drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. I had already told her that I hadn't 11 a car, and hadn't realized how 12 taking taxis would he. After a while she said, "My dear, don't use any more taxis. I'm retired and it would be my pleasure to 13 you wherever you wish." I told her that I couldn't put her to that 14 ,but she brushed aside my protests(反对). She asked me where I was 15 and the next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the 16 time to take me to Disney World. She spent some time with me before leaving me to 17 alone. At the end of the day, she 18 to take me back to my accommodation. I 19 her money but she refused to take any.
I'll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 20 , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
1. A. holiday
B. ceremony
C. operation
D. experiment
2. A. kept
B. went
C. dropped
D. knocked
3. A. intended
B. promised
C. managed
D. deserved
4. A. hospital
B. company
C. university
D. accommodation
5. A. colleague
B. passenger
C. suitcase
D. taxi
6. A. Instead
B. First
C. Later
D. Once
7. A. classified
B. occupied
C. decorated
D. painted
8. A. share
B. reserve
C. set
D. possess
9. A. old
B. poor
C. innocent
D. stubborn
10. A. journey
B. meal
C. speech
D. interview
11. A. donated
B. repaired
C. hired
D. guided
12. A. convenient
B. worthwhile
C. unfortunate
D. expensive
13. A. inspire
B. entertain
C. call
D. drive
14. A. business
B. argument
C. trouble
D. challenge
15. A. working
B. staying
C. moving
D. shopping
16. A. appointed
B. limited
C. favourite
D. regular
17. A. digest
B. explore
C. perform
D. calculate
18. A. forgot
B. refused
C. returned
D. preferred
19. A. sent
B. lent
C. offered
D. owed
20. A. confidence
B. dignity
C. curiosity
D. kindness
二、阅读理解（共7题；共0分）
4.阅读理解
If you've not heard that the decade-old princess-culture is causing problems—especially if you're a parent—you must be actively working to avoid it.
The latest study adding fuel to the fire comes out of Brigham Young University and finds that the Disney princess obsession can be harmful to girls.
“I think parents think that the Disney princess culture is safe. That's the word I hear time and time again—it's safe.” Lead study author Sarah M. Coyne of the Mormon institution in Utah noted in a press release. “But if we're fully jumping in here and really embracing (accepting) it, parents should really consider the long-term impact of the princess culture."
So, what's the problem this time around? Same as always, confirmed the study, published in the journal Child Development, which involved the assessment of 198 preschoolers: Lots of engagement with princess culture (whether through moves or toys) can lead to gender-stereotypical(性别定性) behavior as well as self-critical body image.
The strict gender stereotypes can hold girls back. “They feel like they can't do some things,” Coyne said, “They're not as confident that they can do well in math and science. They don't like getting dirty, so they're less likely to try and experiment with things.”
On the other hand, “Disney princesses represent some of the first examples of exposure to the thin ideal,” Coyne said. “As women, we get it our whole lives, and it really does start at the Disney princess level, at age 3 and 4.”
So, what should a parent do? Try his or her best to avoid all princesses for the entire of a girl's childhood? I'd say, have moderation in all things, have your kids involved in all sorts of activities, and just have princesses be one of many, many things that they like to do and engage with." Coyne suggested. “This study has changed the way I talk to my daughter, the things I focus on, and it's been really good for me as a parent to learn from this study,” Coyne said. “I usually can't say that my research findings have such a personal impact on my life."
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。
（1）What do we know about the study?
A.It proved that the Disney princess obsession is harmful.
B.Sarah M. Coyne is the first one to do the research.
C.It started a heated discussion among people.
D.It suggested watching TV programmes of I lie Disney is safe.
（2）How many problems can the Disney princess culture cause according to the study?
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
D.Four.
（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The Disney princess culture.
B.The idea that girls can't do some things.
C.The idea that girls should be thin.
D.The problem the Disney culture causes.
（4）What advice does Coyne give to parents?
A.Actively work on the old princess culture.
B.Change their way they talk to their daughter.
C.Avoid girls to watch any princesses.
D.Have girls involved in all kinds of activities.
5.阅读理解
Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation (发行 ). The “Daily Mirror “ and the “Daily express” both sell about four million copies everyday. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning and two or three on Sundays.
Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and county area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially (财政 ) and many of them are very profitable (赚钱的 ) .
These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports. Editors prefer to rely on people who know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neighborhood and it does not get out to date as quickly as national news.
The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising ( 广告) . He is usually anxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to draw local readers, the business men are grateful for the opportunity (机会 ) to keep their products in the public eyes.
（1）Visitors to Britain are surprised to learn that ____.
A.there are so many local newspapers there
B.local papers should have a circulation of four million
C.the “Daily Mirror “ and “Daily Express” sell as many as 4 million copies every day
D.British newspapers are so widely read
（2）Local newspapers have ______.
A.a circulation as large as that of national newspapers
B.a daily circulation of 13 million
C.a slightly smaller circulation
D.an even larger circulation
（3）In the writer's opinion, no paper can possibly succeed without _____.
A.advertisements
B.interesting reports
C.a great deal of national news
D.an excellent sales manager
（4）Which of the following is true?
A.All the local newspapers are very profitable.
B.Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 14 million
C.Local readers are much interested in local news
D.Each British family buys three newspapers on Sundays
6.（2016•上海）阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。
C
Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.
The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee's report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.
“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.
It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” saysMiller.
Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to thinkthey would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, hesays.
Other organizations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don't know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’time,” he says.
Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don't know how companies will use our data because their business models anduses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information havebecome valuable only recently, he says.
The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don't expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn't working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Althoughthey would still have to actually read them.
（1）What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?
A.Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.
B.Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.
C.Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.
D.Insignificant data collected by social media firms.
（2）It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.
A.social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme
B.people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think
C.a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale
D.the kitemark would help companies develop their business models
（3）Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.
A.their users consist largely of kids under 20 years old
B.the language in their contracts is usually harder to understand
C.the information they collected could become more valuable in future
D.it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of
（4）The writer advises users of social media to _______.
A.think carefully before posting anything onto such websites
B.read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemark
C.take no further action if they can find a kitemark
D.avoid providing too much personal information
（5）Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.Say no to social media?
B.New security rules in operation?
C.Accept without reading?
D.Administration matters!
7.（2015浙江）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Graph can be a very useful tool for conveying information especially numbers， percentages, and other data . A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more pages and pages and pages explaining the data .
Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title ,a main idea ,and supporting details .You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text .
Most graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title , a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data came from (for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the author's main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner, Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph .Each axis will always have a label. The label tells you what each axis measures.
Bar Graphs
A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades
that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow manystudents earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can
get from a simple graph like this(See Graph 1).
Line Graphs
A line graph looks similar to a bar graph ,but instead of Bars, it plots points and connects them with a line .It has the same parts as a bar graph – two labeled axes –and can be read the same way .To read a line graph, it’s important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points, This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time.
Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first Five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).
The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that ,on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2,which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2.If the line segment angled dawn, as between Day 4 and Day 5,it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the bird’s migration.
Pie Graphs
A typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents l00 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.
A pie graph might include a legend，or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows on month’s expense, (See Graph 3 ).
Food $ 25
Movies $ 12
Clothing $ 36
Savings $ 20
Books $ 7
（1）When used in a graph，a legend is_____
A. a guide to the symbols and colors
B.an introduction paragraph
C. the main idea
D.the data
（2） What is the total number of students who earned a C or better ?
A.4
B.6
C.10
D.20
（3）The bird covered the longest distance on _____
A.Day 1
B.Day 2
C.Day 3
D.Day 4
（4）Which of the following cost Amy most ?
A.Food.
B.Books
C. Movies
D.Clothing.
8.（2015·北京卷）
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between
the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be
damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never
touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and
scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption
make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping.
That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it ----you see the things
behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they
contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb
light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials----skin, fat, and more----and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light
moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters.Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are
simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see--through. Others build a large, clear mass of
non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light
exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
（1）According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______
A.stay in groups
B.can be easily damaged
C.appear only in deep ocean
D.are beautiful creatures
（2）The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________.
A.silently
B.gradually
C.regularly
D.completely
（3）One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________.
A. change the direction of light travel
B.gather materials to scatter light.
C.avoid the absorption of light
D. grow bigger to stop light.
（4）The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________.
A.move more slowly in deep water
B. stay see-through even after death
C. produce more tissues for their survival
D.take effective action to reduce Light spreading
9.（2017•天津）阅读理解
C
This month, Germany's transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver's role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars', people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
（1）What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.A place where cars often break down.
B.A case where passing a law is impossible.
C.An area where no driving is permitted.
D.A situation where drivers' role is not clear.
（2）The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.
A.stop people from breaking traffic rules
B.help promote fully automatic driving
C.protect drivers of all ages and races
D.prevent serious property damage
（3）What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?
A.It should get the attention of insurance companies.
B.It should be the main concern of law makers.
C.It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
D.It should involve no human responsibility.
（4）Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in __________.
A.Singapore
B.the UK
C.the US
D.Germany
（5）What could be the best title for passage?
A.Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?
B.Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough
C.Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!
D.Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents
10.（2018•卷Ⅰ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的ABC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
"We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay £5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves."
The eight-part series(系列节目),Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
（1）What do we know about Susanna Reid?
A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.
B.She has started a new programme.
C.She dislikes working early in the morning.
D.She has had a tight budget for her family.
（2）How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A.He buys cooking materials for her.
B.He prepares food for her kids.
C.He assists her in cooking matters.
D.He invites guest families for her.
（3）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B.Provide some advice for the readers.
C.Add some background information.
D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B.Balancing Our Daily Diet
C.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D.Cooking Well for Less
答案部分
第 1 题:
【答案】 （1）A；（2）D；（3）B；（4）C；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）D；（16）B；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者和朋友玛丽夫妇照看邻居家孩子的经过，作者因为有这样的朋友而感到高兴。
（1）考查名词。A. neighbors”邻居“； B. classmates ”同学“； C. parents ” 父母“； D. enemies”敌人“。作者本周要照顾邻居家的孩子，可知邻居家有一个3岁和一个6岁的孩子。故选A。
（2）考查动词词组。A. turned around ”转过身“； B. dressed up” 打扮“； C. settled down”定居“； D. met up”偶遇，见面“。从上文可知Mary家和作者家分别照顾邻居家的一个孩子，昨晚Mary邀请我们见面，一块吃饭。故选D。
（3）考查名词。A. fun ”快乐“； B. dinner” 晚餐“； C. concern”关心“； D. power”力量“。在餐桌上他们照顾三岁的男孩吃晚饭。故选B。
（4）考查动词。A. joining”参加“； B. visiting”访问“； C. missing ”想念“； D. hating”厌恶“。这3岁的孩子想念在国外度周末的父母。故选C。
（5）考查动词。A. smiled ”微笑“； B. cried ”哭“； C. drank” 喝“； D. played”玩“。根据”with tears flowing on his face“可知小男孩看见6岁的姐姐就哭了。故选B。
（6）考查形容词。A. kind ”友好的“； B. shocked ”震惊的“； C. sad ”伤心的“； D. funny”逗乐的“。我看见朋友照顾的小男孩伤心时我也紧张不安，我打算把他们两个都带走。故选C。
（7）考查形容词。A. nervous ”紧张不安的“； B. quiet ”安静的“； C. excited ”兴奋的“； D. moved”感动的“。我看见朋友照顾的小男孩伤心时我也紧张不安，我打算把他们两个都带走。故选A。
（8）考查名词。A. weekend ”周末“； B. overcoat”外套“； C. cab ”出租车“； D. house”家，房子“。根据后半句中的our own house可知，我认为在另一个家过夜不是最好的，所以我们很快决定回我们自己的家。故选D。
（9）考查副词。A. frequently”频繁地“； B. hardly”几乎不“； C. quickly ” 迅速地“； D. gradually”逐渐地“。我认为在另一个家过夜不是最好的，所以我们很快决定回我们自己的家。故选C。
（10）考查动词词组。A. ate up ”吃光“； B. packed up”整理，打包“； C. made ”制造“； D. threw”扔“。然后我把孩子晚上的衣服放在包里。故选B。
（11）考查名词。A. toys ”玩具“； B. shoes ”鞋“； C. clothes ”衣服“； D. foods”食品“。然后我把孩子晚上的衣服放在包里。故选C。（12）考查形容词。A. terrible”可怕的“； B. peaceful ”和平的“； C. hopeful ”有希望的“； D. sweet”甜的“。小男孩一晚上醒五次，所以说我有一个糟糕的晚上。故选A。
（13）考查动词。A. send ”寄派“； B. let ”让“； C. pull” 拉“； D. calm”使冷静“。他晚上哭着找妈妈，使他冷静下来需要一段时间。故选D。
（14）考查名词。A. children ”孩子“； B. husband ”丈夫“； C. students ”学生“； D. sister”姐妹“。第二天早上玛丽和她的丈夫带着她们的孩子来了，所以我能休息一会儿。故选B。
（15）考查并列连词。A. but ”但是“； B. for ”因为“； C. or ”或者“； D. so”所以“。第二天早上玛丽和她的丈夫带着她们的孩子来了，所以我能休息一会儿。故选D。
（16）考查名词。A. trip ”旅行“； B. break ”休息“； C. stay”停留“； D. moment”片刻“。第二天早上玛丽和她的丈夫带着她们的孩子来了，所以我能休息一会儿。故选B。
（17）考查名词。A. afternoon ”下午“； B. morning ”上午“； C. evening” 晚上“； D. week”周“。在中午，他们离开。我刚刚熬过了下午，洗澡和晚餐，然后等他们的父母回来。故选A。
（18）考查副词。A. even” 甚至“； B. still ”仍然“； C. then ”然后“； D. ever”曾经“。我刚刚熬过了下午，洗澡和晚餐，然后等他们的父母回来。故选C。
（19）考查形容词。A. strong ”强壮的“； B. honest ”诚实的“； C. bad ”坏的“； D. good”好的“。朋友邀请我们吃晚饭，今天早上还让我休息，他们考虑得很周到，有这样的朋友是非常开心的。故选D。
（20）考查动词。A. offer ”提供“； B. suggest ”建议“； C. avoid ” 避免“； D. request”请求“。朋友邀请我们吃晚饭，今天早上还让我休息，他们考虑得很周到，有这样的朋友是非常开心的。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
第 2 题:
【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；（16）A；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）C；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者亲身经历的两件事：一是作者的车在路上坏了，一对夫妇帮助作者到了朋友家，作者向其致信表达感谢；二是作者车的电池用完了，向一家卖车的商店寻求帮助，之后作者同样向其致信表达感谢。通过这两件事作者向我们展示表达感谢的重要性。
（1）考查形容词。A. happy“高兴的”；B. young “年轻的”； C. fresh “新鲜的”；D. anxious“焦虑的”。一个秋天，我休息了一段时间，坐火车去看望亲戚。我刚从学校毕业，刚刚开始工作。故选C。
（2）考查名词。A. trip“旅行”；B. way“方法”；C. flight “航班”；D. voyage“航行”。在我回来的途中，我注意到一对夫妇——个军人和一位女士在谈话。故选A。
（3）考查名词。A. beautiful girl “美丽女孩”； B. young woman “年轻女人”；C. close fellow “亲密伙伴”；D. middle-aged lady“中年女士”。根据下文的The woman，可知选B。
（4）考查副词。A. However“然而”；B. Surprisingly“令人惊讶地”；C. Unluckily“不幸运地”；D. Eventually“最后”。最后，我意识到他们不是一起旅行的。故选D。
（5）考查副词。A. together “一起”； B. far “遥远地”；C. happily “高兴地”；D. smoothly“流利地”。最后，我意识到他们不是一起旅行的，只是在火车上认识。故选A。
（6）考查形容词。A. disappointed“失望的”； B. alone “独自的”； C. lonely“孤独的，寂寞的”；D. regretful“后悔的”。这位女士下车，留下士兵独自一人。故选B。
（7）考查动词。A. stop“ 停止”；B. continue “继续”；C. help “帮助”；D. enjoy“喜爱”。我禁不住注意到他从我的角落里露出了好看的样子。故选C。couldn't help doing sth.固定短语，“情不自禁做某事”，可知答案为C。
（8）考查名词。A. sight“视力”；B. mind “思想”；C. view“视野”；D. eye“眼睛”。我禁不住注意到他从我的角落里露出了好看的样子。故选D。（9）考查副词。A. close“紧密地”；B. next “下次”；C. down “向下” ；D. directly“直接地”。他问是否他能看我手中的火车时刻表，是否能挨着我坐下。next to固定短语，“紧挨着，下一个”，故选B。
（10）考查动词。A. need “需要”；B. dare“敢”；C. choose“选择”；D. have“有”。我将会注意到这个的。would have done“将会做了某事”，答案为D。
（11）考查动词。A. eat“吃”； B. enjoy “喜爱”；C. share “分享”；D. consume“消费”。我邀请他分享丰盛的午餐。故选C。
（12）考查固定短语。A. all the way “一路上”； B. all the day“一整天”；C. face to face“面对面”；D. side by side“并肩”。我们一路上谈话到我下车。故选A。
（13）考查名词。A. state“状态”；B. memory “记忆”；C. connection “连接”；D. touch“联系”。我们交换地址，他说他会联系的。故选D。（14）考查动词词组。A. learned from “向......学”；B. heard from“收到......的来信”；C. known about“了解” ；D. told from“区别”。过了一周，我仍然没有收到他的来信，我认为他把我忘了。故选B。
（15）考查形容词。A. clear“清楚的”；B. strange “奇怪的”；C. familiar “熟悉的”；D. loud“大声的”。在星期六，一个熟悉的声音问我是否我在那天晚上愿意和他去看电影。故选C。
（16）考查代词。句意：在星期六，一个熟悉的声音问我是否我在那天晚上愿意和他去看电影。故选A。
（17）考查动词词组。A. sat up“熬夜”；B. ended up “结束” ；C. turned up “调大，出现”；D. came up“走进，被提升。”他来了，我们在那个电影院看了电影。end up doing sth.固定短语，“以做某事而结束”，故选B。
（18）考查形容词。A. more“更多”； B. memorable“难忘的” ；C. valuable “有价值的”；D. precious“珍贵的”。在他休假期间我们又有几次约会。故选A。
（19）考查动词。A. saw “看见”；B. comforted “安慰”；C. calmed “使平静”；D. visited“访问”。在接下来的几年里，我们互相写信，在其他假期他去看望我。故选D。
（20）考查形容词。A. brave“勇敢的”；B. wrong “错误的”；C. glad “高兴的”；D. right“正确的”。我被告诉不要和陌生人说话，我高兴我没有听他们的话。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，副词，动词，固定短语，代词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
第 3 题:
【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）A；（9）A；（10）B；（11）C；（12）D；（13）D；（14）C；（15）B；（16）A；（17）B；（18）C；（19）C；（20）D；
【考点】记叙文，人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者到佛罗里达开会度假，在一个咖啡店遇到一个老太太，这个老太太不仅让作者和她共用一个餐桌，而且主动提出用车送他，第二天她果然这么做了，作者非常感动，这次旅行给他留下深刻的影响。
（1）考查名词。A.holiday”假日“；B.ceremony”仪式“；C.operation”操作“；D.experiment”试验“。根据”In 2012, I had just recovered form a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida.“可知作者要去开会，这对于作者来说是度假，再根据下文”filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.“可知，故选A。
（2）考查动词。A.kept”保持“；B.went”进行“；C.dropped”下降“；D.knocked”敲门“。因为作者从病中恢复，现在有机会度假，所以他就去了。go off”出发”；keep off“不要践踏”；drop off“中途下客卸货”；knock off“撞掉”。故选B。
（3）考查动词。A.intended“预期的”；B.promised“承诺”；C.managed“设法，管理”；D.deserved“应得的”。根据上文的“Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring,”可知到达这个阳光之州是非常疲劳的，但是我还是设法赶上了一辆出租车，到我的目的地，安定下来，manage to do“设法成功的做了……”，故选C。
（4）考查名词。A.hospital“医院”；B.company“公司”；C.accommodation“住宿”；D.university“大学”。因为作者是来开会的，所以是到达住处，根据下文“At the end of the day, she 18 to take me back to my accommodation.”也可以知道答案，故选C。
（5）考查名词。A.bus“汽车”；B.truck“卡车”；C.train“列车”；D.taxi“出租车”。根据上文，but“ I 3 to catch a taxi to my 4 ”可知作者是乘出租车到达住处的，第二天乘了另外一辆出租车去超市买了一些纪念品，故选D。
（6）考查副词。A.Instead“而不是”；B.First“第一”；C.Later“后来”；D.Once“一旦”。这里表示作者的行程，先去买了纪念品，后来去咖啡店吃午饭，故选C。
（7）考查动词。A. classified“分类”；B. ccupied“占领”；C. decorated“装饰”；D. painted“画”。根据表示转折的连词but和下文的内容“Then I heard a friendly voice saying, ‘You can 8 my table.’"可知这里的桌子都被占据了，故选B。
（8）考查动词。A. share”分享“；B. reserve”保护区“ ；C. set”放置“；D. possess”拥有'。根据下文"I gratefully sat down with the 9 lady and we had a happy lunch together."可知一个友好的声音邀请作者共用一个桌子，故选A。
（9）考查形容词。A. old老的；B. poor可怜的；C. innocent无辜的；D. stubborn固执的。根据下文的：I’m retired 可知这是一个老太太，故选A。（10）考查名词辨析。A. journey"旅程"；B. meal"饭"；C. speech"语音"；D .interview"面试"。根据上文"we had a happy lunch together."可知作者在咖啡店和老太太共用一个桌子吃午饭，这里表示在饭快吃完的时候，故选B。
（11）考查动词。A. donated"捐赠"；B. repaired"修理"；C. hired"雇用" ；D. guided"引导"。根据上文"Next morning, I took another 5 to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs."可知作者是乘坐出租车的，所以没有雇佣一辆汽车，故选C。
（12）考查形容词。A. convenient"方便的"；B. worthwhile"值得的"；C. unfortunate"不幸的"；D. expensive"昂贵的"。根据下文" I 19 her money but she refused to take any. "这个老太太用自己的车送作者，而作者想给她钱,所以作者认为乘出租车是贵的，故选D。
（13）考查动词。A. inspire"激发"；B. entertain"娱乐"；C.call"打电话" ；D.drive"驾驶"。根据上文"My dear, don't use any more taxis."老太太让作者不要乘出租车了，可知她愿意用车送作者到任何地方，故选D。
（14）考查名词。A.business"业务"；B.argument"争论"；C.trouble"麻烦"；D.challenge"挑战"。根据上文"it would be my pleasure to 13 you wherever you wish."可知老太太愿意用车送作者到任何地方，作者不想这么麻烦她，故选C。
（15）考查动词。A. working"工作"；B. staying"保持" ；C. moving"移动" ；D. shopping"购物"。根据下文"next morning she was waiting at my apartment"第二天老太太等在作者公寓门口，所以是问作者住在什么地方，表示临时的逗留在…地方，用stay，故选B。
（16）考查形容词。A. appointed"任命" ；B. limited"有限的"；C. favourite"最喜欢的"；D. regula"调节"。根据上文可知作者在前一天和老太太有约定，故选A。
（17）考查动词。A. digest"摘要"；B. explore"探讨"；C .perform"执行"；D. calculate"计算"。句意：她花了一些时间和我在一起，然后才让我一个人探索迪斯尼乐园，故选B。
（18）考查动词。A.forgot“忘记”；B.refused“拒绝”；C.returned“返回'；D.preferred"优先"。根据上文"She spent some time with me before leaving me to 17 alone."老太太将作者一个人留在迪斯尼乐园探索，晚上又回来将他带回到住处，故选C。
（19）考查名词。A. so"所以"；B.and "和"；C. but"但是"；D. owed"欠"。因为老太太用车送作者来回，作者给她钱但是她拒绝接受，使用了offer sb. sth.给某人某物，故选C。
（20）考查名词。A. confidence"信心" ；B. dignity"尊严" ；C. curiosity"好奇心" ；D.kindness" 仁慈"。根据整个文章可知老太太对于作者的善举让作者的假期充满了美好的记忆，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词、动词、副词、形容词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，覆盖面广，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
第 4 题:
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，社会文化类，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了迪士尼公主文化问题，一项研究表明，痴迷于迪士尼公主对女孩来说是有害的。这种文化会引发两个问题——性别定性行为和对身体形象的自我批判。专家建议父母可以让孩子们多参与课外活动，避免这些危害。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段“The latest study adding fuel to the fire comes out of Brigham Young University and finds that the Disney princess obsession can be harmful to girls”可知，研究发现痴迷女孩迪士尼公主是有害的。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lots of engagement with princess culture (whether through moves or toys) can lead to gender-stereotypical behavior as well as self-critical body image”可知，迪士尼文化会引发两个问题——性别定性行为和对身体形象的自我批判。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据原句“As women, we get it our whole lives, and it really does start at the Disney princess level, at age 3 and 4.”可知，作为女人，我们都希望自己的生命处在三四岁女孩的身体水平，根据常识，三四岁的女孩身体都偏瘦小，结合选项，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I'd say, have moderation in all things, have your kids involved in all sorts of activities, and just have princesses be one of many, many things that they like to do and engage with.”可知，Coyne建议父母让孩子们多参加各种各样的活动。故选D。
第 5 题:
【答案】 （1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【考点】细节理解题，社会现象类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了英国报纸行业繁荣的原因：在英国，基本每家每户每天都会看报纸，甚至在周末会看两三份报纸。而英国的地方报纸行业发行量几乎和国家报纸一样多。报社编辑们坚信报纸行业的成功离不开广告。
（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知，英国报纸发行量巨大，很多家庭每天都会读一份，甚至两到三份报纸。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据“Besides the national papers, there is, however, another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies.”可知，当地报纸销量几乎和英国报社一样多，即稍微少一点。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据“The editors must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising (广告).”可知，报纸的成功离不开广告。故选A。细节理解题。根据“These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports.”可知，当地居民对当地的新闻很感兴趣。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据“These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council (地方会议 ) meetings and sports.”可知，当地居民对当地的新闻很感兴趣。故选C。
【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时首先确定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
第 6 题:
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【考点】词义猜测题，推理判断题，社会现象类，议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇社会现象类阅读。当我们在社交媒体上注册登记的时候，总会签署一些无意义的法律合同，文章就此现象展开了讨论，并列举了多人的不同观点。
（1）A 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知很多社交媒体公司和用户签订了没有意义的法律合同。而这些合同是没有意义的废话，也起不到任何作用，很多用户根本没有仔细阅读合同的具体内容。故A正确。
（2）B 推理判断题。根据第五段前二句“Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I thinkif you went and did the survey, people would like tothink they would,” 及本段最后一句可知Nigel Shadbolt认为如果我们去做相关调查，人们会认为他们会很注意这些认证标记的，但在实际操作上又是另一回事。故B项正确。
（3）D 推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is goingto be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bitethem in 20 years’ time,” he says.可知我们现在还不知道所签署的这些长期的无意义的合同未来会给他们带来什么样的影响。也不知道未来人们会怎么利用这样的信息。故D项正确。
（4）B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句If properly administered, a kitemark on terms andconditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Althoughthey would still have to actually read them.可知文章建议我们即使有认证标志，我们也应该认真阅读那些无意义的合同中的条款和内容，我们要知道我们所签署的协议的具体内容。故B正确。（5）C 标题概括题。现在的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，我们在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条约让我们签署。很多人从来都没有详细阅读这些合同条款就签名了。文章就此话题展开讨论，作者提出我们应该仔细阅读条款内容，然后再签名。故C项＂Accept without reading?未阅读就接受?＂符合文章中心思想。其余三项与文章内容不贴切。
【点评】主旨大意题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。选择＂标题＂则是让考生给所读的文章选择一个合适的标题。通常标题由一个名词或名词短语充当，用词简短、精练。
文章标题的选择或拟定
①要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系；
②再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；
③要注意题目是过大还是过小；
④要避免下列三种错误：概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；过度概括（多表现为人为扩大范围）；以事实、细节替代抽象概括的大意。
要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方式。一般来说，标题的拟定方式是：以话题为核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的词组。
以第5小题为例, 现在的网站中或者社交媒体软件中，我们在注册用户名或安装的时候，总会有一些合同或条约让我们签署。很多人从来都没有详细阅读这些合同条款就签名了。作者提出我们应该仔细阅读条款内容，然后再签名。C项“Accept without reading?未阅读就接受?”符合文章中心思想。
第 7 题:
【答案】 （1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，说明文
【解析】【分析】：这是一篇说明文介绍图表的类型以及相关作用，通过对条形图、线形图和饼开图的介绍，让学生学会读图，运用英语解决实际问题。
1.A 根据第三段可以得出答案，第三段出现了两次legend,第一次是在第一行a legend or key，第二次是第六行A legend,also called a key ,is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph"一个图例，也被称为一个关键，是一个指导图中使用的符号和颜色，“而且答案直接可以在第六行找到，与答案选项表述一样。
2.D根据表述‘ In Graph 1 ,we see that the x-axis shows grades that students earned, and the y-axis shows bow manystudents earned each grade .You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement.在图1中，我们看到X轴显示学生获得的等级，Y轴显示每个等级的学生数，可以看到，6的学生获得了A，因为在它延伸到6垂直测量，“可以得出答案，另外其实不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案，C以上就是包含A，B，C，其中A为6，B为10，C为4，所以答案为20
3.C 不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案，从曲线图可以得出答案是Day3．
4.D不需要看文字说明，直接看图读图就可以得出答案，从扇形图可以得出Clothing占比例最多。
【点评】初步尝试考查解读图表数据能力，以满足考生进一步学习和社会实践需求。这份阅读虽然文字内容很多而且涉及到了不少的专业术语表达，但是由于图已经说明了一切，所以还需要认真的读文章。但是在读图之前必须要看一看它的一些备注说明，也就是说起点是多少，每一格代表什么，以免出错，另
外这种题目还涉及到一种多学科的能力，比如说文科政治、历史和地理会经常出现一些图表。
第 8 题:
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文
【解析】【分析】1.细节理解题，文章第一段第三行：Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch。得知B选项：透明动物是很容易受伤的。故选B。
2。词义猜测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行，前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射：而另外一种是对光线的吸收，既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思，故选D
3。推理判断题．根据第五段第一句 To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light。可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避免光线的吸收．故选C，
4。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light
exactly as much as water does. 可以推断出D为正确答案．其中slowdown对应reduce故选D.
【点评】做科技类说明文时，考生应能：理解语篇主旨要义，理解文中具体信息，根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义，根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理。此次出现了新型科技类说明文。往年科技类说明文的阅读难点在于专业类词汇，但是今年的“新型耳机”在问题设置上难度不大，属于文章难但题目不难的题目。所以要理解好文章做好此题就不是难题。
第 9 题:
【答案】 （1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
（5）A
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】这是一则新闻报道，介绍德国交通部长Alexander Dobrindt针对自动驾驶车辆提出第一套规则，这套规则定义了司机在这种汽车里的作用并监管在有可能致命的交通事故中这些汽车的表现。
⑴词义猜测。A.汽车经常抛锚的地方；B.通过法律是不可能的一种情况；C.不允许驾驶的地区；D.司机的职责不清楚的情况。根据第二段 The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future句意：这一提议试图解决一些人所说的自动驾驶汽车的“死亡谷”:半自动和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，这个灰色地带可能会推迟无人驾驶汽车的未来。也就是要界定司机在驾驶中的责任。故选D。
⑵推理判断。A.阻止人们违反交通规则；B.帮助推进完全自动驾驶；C.保护所有年龄和种族的司机；D.预防严重的财产损坏。根据第二段 that could delay the driverless future可知部长的提议目的是为了明确驾驶中的责任，推进自动驾驶的发展，故选B。
⑶推理判断。A.这应该得到保险公司的关注；B. 这应该是法律制定者主要关心的；C.他不应该造成致命的交通事故；D.他不应该涉及人的责任。根据第七段 But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars', people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know — no driver.”可知想到无人驾驶的时候，大部分人都认为是不需要司机。也就是不需要人去负责，故选D。
⑷细节理解。根据最后一段That would go down poorly in the US, however.“The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo. 然而，这种情况在美国将会很糟糕。“政府将接管无人驾驶汽车，并将其视为公众利益的想法，在这里绝对找不到。”所以选C
⑸主旨大意。A.自动驾驶：谁的责任；B.完全自动驾驶汽车：一个新的突破；C.自动驾驶汽车：不用司机；D.无人驾驶汽车：公路事故的根源。根据新闻报道的特点可知本文的中心在第一段，即第一套规定自动驾驶汽车的责任人。故选A.自动驾驶——谁的责任。
【点评】这是一篇难度很高的新闻报道，从文章内容到题目设计都要求考生有很高的英语水平。如果考生平时多关注关于自动驾驶这方面的新闻报道对理解此文无异是有很大帮助的。本文对我们的启发是，我们不仅要学习英语知识，更要多关注科技发展和关于日常生活的热点新闻。
第 10 题:
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【考点】细节理解题，主旨大意题，新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道类文章，介绍一档有Susanna Reid主持的烹饪节目，教观众如何用有限的预算做出即美味又有营养的饭菜。
⑴B 细节理解题。 根据第1段…but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role －showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.她煮一手好菜－向各个家庭展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备既好吃又营养的饭菜。还有第二段说出了这个电视节目的名字Save Money:Good food.可知她已经开始了一个新的节目，故答案为B。
⑵C 细节理解题。根据第2段第一句…with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt …可知这个厨师向她提供如何减少食物浪费以及用很少的钱准备食谱。故答案为C, 他在烹饪的事情上帮助她。
⑶C 细节理解题。本段讲述 ITV的电视节目Save Money: Good Health向观众提供如何从市场上种类繁多的健康产品中获得价值，而Save Money:Good food是步Save Money: Good Health的后尘，所以这一段作者是想要增加一些Save Money:Good food的背景信息，故答案为C。
（4）D 主旨大意。标题的特点之一是具有概括性。由文章首段showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget,第2段with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt …，整个文章最后一句…with less expensive but still tasty recipes.及新电视节目的名称Save Money: Good food可知应选D。
【点评】这是一篇新闻报道，文章的第一句话就是对整篇文章的高度概括，阅读时要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题中的关键词找到相关语句并能分析理解长难句，从而得到需要的答案。
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