还剩27页未读，
继续阅读
英语必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品学案
展开
这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品学案，共30页。学案主要包含了巩固训练，参考答案，语篇解读，答案解析，2016·天津，2015·北京，2015·天津，2015·陕西等内容，欢迎下载使用。
5.2 Discvering Useful Structures
定语从句（二）关系副词的用法
一．判断定语从句的关系副词的方法
如果先行词是指代“时间的名词”，还原到定语从句中作时间状语，则用关系副词when；如果先行词是指代“地点的名词”，还原到定语从句中作地点状语，则用关系副词where；如果先行词是指代“原因的名词（reasn）”，还原到定语从句中作原因状语，则用关系副词why。
二．关系副词的基本用法
三．关系副词和关系代词的正确使用
四．关系副词易错点：
五．使用定语从句时注意的几个方面：
（一）分割式定语从句
（二）易混从句对比
【巩固训练】
一．用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. I still remember the day______ I first came t Beijing.
2.This is the rm ______ my grandparents lived last year.
3.D yu knw the reasn______ he refused t g t Mary’s birthday party.
4. China is a large cuntry ______ many different dialects are spken.
5.The factry ______ his father wrks is in the west f the city.
6.This is the hspital______ my mther wrks.
7.That is the reasn ______ I did the jb.
8. I dn’t knw the exact time ______ they will meet.
9. I still remember the place______ I met her fr the first time.
10.That’s ne f the reasns ______ I asked yu t cme.
11. Mr. Wang will fly t Beijing, ______ he will stay fr three mnths.
12.There cmes a time______ yu have t make a chice.
13. I am lking frward t the day _____ my daughter can knw my feelings fr her.
14.We’ll put ff the picnic until next week, ______ the weather may be better.
15. ______ we knw, this is the day______ the quake happened thirty-five years ag.
16.He wrks in a factry______ makes this type f iPhne.
17.This is the hspital ______ we visited the day befre yesterday.
18. Finally he reached a lnely island ________ was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
19. I dubt the reasn ______ he gave us fr his being absent frm the meeting.
20.The way _____ ur chemistry teacher did the experiment was very interesting.
二．单项选择
1.I dn’t knw the reasn______ he refused t attend the meeting .
A. why B. which C. when D.what
2.That’s the htel ______ we were staying last summer.
A. that B. where C. when D.why
3.They will fly t Washingtn, they plan t stay fr tw r three days.
A. whereB. there C. whichD. when
4. We live in an age ________ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.
5.Sme pre-schl children g t a day care center, _______they learn simple games and sngs.
A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where
6.Many cuntries are nw setting up natinal parks ____animals and plants can be prtected.
A. when B. which C. whse D. where
7.The exact year _______ Mary and her family spent tgether in China was 2018.
A. whenB. which C. whatD. where
8.The Science Museum, _______ we visited during a recent trip t Britain, is ne f Lndn’s turist attractins.
A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where
9.As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, ______ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
10. The village has develped a lt______we learned farming tw years ag.
A. whenB. which C. thatD. where
11.Students shuld take part in cmmunity activities ____ they can gain experience fr grwth.
A. wh B. when C. which D. where
12.As the smallest child f his family, Jack is always lnging fr the time ________ he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
13.It’s helpful t put children in a situatin _______ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
14. —What d yu think f teacher, Bb？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a jb ____yu are ding smething serius but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
15.Tday, we’ll discuss a number f cases_______ beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
A. whichB. asC. whyD. where
16.The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere_______ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
17. We really lve Indian fd and such ccasins are very rare _______ we have s many fds available at such lw prices.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
18. We went t Muntain Tai last weekend, _______, nt surprisingly, was crwded with visitrs.
A. whenB. which C. thatD. where
19.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely t be the nly planet ____ life had develped gradually .
A. that B. where C. which D. whse
20. We all admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend.
A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that
答案：
一．1. when/ n which 2 where /in which 3. why/fr which 4. where /in which
5. where /in which 6. where /in which 7. why/ fr which 8. when/at which
9. where /in which 10. why/ fr which 11. where 12. when 13. when/ n which
14. when 15. As ; when/ n which 16. that /which 17. that /which 18. that /which
19. that /which 20. that /in which
二．1-5 ABABDD 6-10 DBAAD 11-15 DDDAA 16-20 ABBBB
一、单句语法填空。
1. Li Ming, gt married last year, is t g abrad sn.
2. There is a net bar arund here, I remember.
3. Then he met Mary, invited him t a party.
4. Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn schl educatin depends.
5. The factry we visited last mnth has been rebuilt.
6. Hw can I frget the day I first saw him?
7. The number f smkers, is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
8. The first bk he lent me was written by Mark Twain.
9. It is certain that Mr. Black will supprt yur plan, fr he always agrees whatever yu say.
10. This kind f new machine is trial befre they are put int the market.
二、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The ld cuple were at last (rescue) by the lcal peple.
2. The spaceship was (damage) because f a crash.
3. He was lucky enugh t survive in the accident, wh was the (survive).
4. Everywhere they lked, nearly everything was (destry).
5. The pr man starved t (die).
三. 根据汉语提示写出适当的单词或短语。
1.This is an animal that is ____________(特有的) t this part f Africa.
2.I’m writing t express my sincere ____________(感激) fr the MP5 yu sent t me.
3.The twins differ frm each ther in ____________(性格).
4.She is nw crazy abut ____________(古典的) music and will nt miss any chance t attend a cncert.
5.As yu design yur ____________(系统)，cnsider hw it shuld be tested.
6.Our life has its _____________________(兴衰) and we need smene t ride with us.
7.She culd nt speak，but she made her wishes knwn _______________________(通过) signs.
8.As everyne knws，she ___________________________(在……中起重要作用) ur rganizatin.
9.He decided that he wuld drive ________________(一路上) hme instead f putting up at a htel fr the night.
10.We visited a temple which ________________(追溯到) 2，000 years ag.
【参考答案】
一、单句语法填空。
1.wh 2.as 3.wh 4.which 5.that /which
6.when 7.as 8.that 9. with 10. n
二、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1.rescued 2.damaged 3.survivr 4.destryed 5.death
三. 根据汉语提示写出适当的单词或短语。
1.unique/specific
2.appreciatin
3.character
4.classical
5.system
6.ups and dwns
7.by means f
8. plays an imprtant part/rle in
9.all the way
10. dates back t
一、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust (外壳) f the earth were nt pretty slid (坚固的), it wuld be shaking abut and mving up and dwn frequently. Hwever, there are places in the rcks f the earth's crust where it isn't strngly held tgether—where faults exist. Alng the faults, ne rck might push against anther with great frce. The energy is changed t vibratin in the rcks, s they begin t shake and we have an earthquake!
The mst famus ne in Nrth America was the San Francisc earthquake f 1906. Seven hundred peple died and prperty (财产) damage amunted t abut $425,000,000.The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.
One f the mst famus earthquakes in Eurpe tk place in Lisbn, Prtugal, in 1755. The city was destryed and at least thirty thusand peple were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventyfive thusand peple. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds f twns and villages were damaged and thirty thusand peple were killed.
Tw great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia tk place in Tky, Japan, and in Gansu Prvince in China. The Tky quake f 1923 killed mre than ne hundred thusand peple and destryed the city and the city f Ykhama, t. The Chinese quake in 1920 cvered mre than three hundred square miles and killed abut tw hundred thusand peple.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A.where earthquakes happen B.hw earthquakes happen
C.the damage caused by earthquakes D.famus earthquakes in the wrld
2.The underlined wrd “vibratin” in the first paragraph prbably means “_______”.
A.shaking B.frce C.energy D.lsing
3.Which f the fllwing earthquakes killed the mst peple?
A.The San Francisc earthquake. B.The earthquake in Lisbn, Prtugal.
C.The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily. D.The earthquake in central Italy.
4.Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A.the earth's crust in Eurpe is weaker than that in ther places
B.there were 75,000 peple killed in the San Francisc earthquake
C.the city f Ykhama was nt greatly influenced by the Tky quake
D.the fires fllwing the San Francisc earthquake caused mre damage than the earthquake did
二、七选五阅读。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flds are ne f the mst cmmn disasters in the US. Sme flds develp slwly. But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain. ________ It carries rcks and can sweep away mst things in its path.
⒈If a fld is likely in yur area, yu shuld:
Listen t the radi r televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund. ________
⒉If yu have time t prepare, yu shuld:
Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture. ________ D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.
⒊If yu have t leave yur hme right away, remember these tips:
D nt walk thrugh mving water. ________ If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
________ If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.
A. D nt drive int flded areas.
B. D nt wait fr instructins t mve.
C. Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.
D.20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.
E. Flds can cause death and lss f treasures.
F. Flash flds ften have a dangerus wall f water.
G. Mud left frm fldwater can cntain chemicals.
三、完形填空。
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One night many years ag I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. I saw its lights 1 in the sky and heard the city's nises.
I have spent twenty-five years n bats. Nw I am a 2 . My jb is t bring in the large luxury 3 and stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.
I felt very 4 the first time I ever dcked a big liner. She came 5 up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat. As we drew alngside, a drway pened 6 at water level and tw smartly dressed sailrs helped me abard.
I was escrted t the bridge where I 7 frm the captain. I realized I was in 8 f a great ship wrth millins f dllars. Having dcked several f the large liners, I realized I was nt imprtant, 9 simply the quarterback wh called the signals.
In spite f 10 we read in the newspapers, I have great faith in this cuntry, praying that a peaceful understanding will cme t this 11 wrld, s that my children can grw up in a wrld full f happiness. I believe this will cme 12 .
I remember the understanding and 13 that tk ver this cuntry, back in 1949, when a little girl named Kathy Fiskus 14 int an ld well in Califrnia. Engineers and sandhgs and peple in all walks f life wrked almst three days, and when they gt her ut she was dead.
Peple sent in thusands f dllars in 15 funds, but thse wh did the wrk and 16 the equipment wuldn't take the mney. They wrked fr bigger things. I talked t captains f freign 17 that came int New Yrk Harbr, and they were just as 18 as we Americans ver the tragedy.
I believe sme 19 will be fund t wrk tgether fr wrld peace with the same sympathy and understanding that peple wrked t rescue little Kathy Fiskus. I believe Gd will 20 bring this abut.
四、短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is reprted that 7 billinth baby was brn in Octber 31st, 2011. Hwever, peple dn't seem t be happier abut the news. The earth had becme t crwed. Peple are suffering frm varius prblems such as lack fr resurces, pverty, starvatin and s n. Great damage has been causing t earth as human beings struggle fr mre living space.
I am wrried the future f ur planet. I hpe all the cuntry cperate and take measures t prevent the ppulatin frm grwing t fast. Besides, peple shuld use natural resurces mre effective. After all, we have the nly ne earth.
五、书面表达。
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办主题为“Hw t prtect urselves in the schl?”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时，我们该如何保护自己？
1.只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点；
2.要求至少写出三点措施；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
一、阅读理解。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。
【答案解析】
1. B 查段落大意。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。故选B。
2. A 查词义猜测。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibratin意为“晃动”， 故选A。
3. C 查细节理解。根据第三段中的“…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventy-five thusand peple.”可知，故选C。
4. D 查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.”可知，故选D。
二、七选五阅读。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一。有些洪水发展缓慢。但是山洪会迅速发展，有时几分钟就会爆发，而且没有任何降雨的迹象。作者介绍洪水到来时应该采取的措施。
【答案解析】
1. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.”它携带着岩石和泥土，可以扫除路上的大部分东西。可知洪水有一堵危险的水墙。故案选F。
2. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“mve immediately t higher grund. ”立即移到高处。”可知不要等着指令。故选B。
3. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.”如果你是湿的或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。可知是关掉所有的电器。故选C。
4. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“D nt walk thrugh mving water. ”不要在流动的水中行走。可知水里走是很危险的，六英寸的流动的水会让你跌倒。故选D。
5. A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If fld water rises arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund ”如果洪水在你的车周围上涨，放弃你的车，搬到更高的地方。可知是不要开车去洪水区。故选A。
三、完形填空。
【语篇解读】
本文作者通过回忆自己在涨潮时，成功带船只脱离危险的经历，以及众人齐心营救坠落废弃井中的小女孩Kathy Fiskus的故事，生动地刻画出了人与人之间的理解与同情心。作者相信，人们之间的这种同情和理解会让世界变得和平美好。
【答案解析】
1. B考查动词辨析。根据 I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. 可知，作者当时在船上，根据常识，他应该是看到城市的灯光“反射”在天空中。故选B。
2. C考查名词辨析。ck厨师；designer设计师；pilt领航员；swimmer游泳运动员；根据下文内容知道，作者在一艘豪华游轮工作，他的任务是安全引船靠岸，可推测出作者身份是一个领航员。故选C。
3. A考查名词词义辨析。liners班轮；shps商店；htels旅馆；ffices办公室；根据空白处下一句“stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.”（呆在他们身边直到他们安全靠岸），由此可知liners（游轮）为正确选项。故选A。
4. D考查形容词辨析。interesting有趣；smart聪明的；lucky幸运的；prud自豪；根据“She came riding up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat”以及下文可知，作者在涨潮时成功引领船只安全靠岸，作者由此感到自豪。故选D。
5. B考查cme的使用。“cme+现在分词”表示方式和伴随。cme drawing 拉过来；cme riding骑过来；cme walking走过来；cme running跑过来。结合语境可知，涨潮以后，船只在海浪上行驶，cme riding 生动地描写了这一动作，符合语境，故选B。
6. C考查副词使用。ften常常；never从不；almst几乎；hardly几乎不；结合语境可知，班轮的一个船舱进水几乎和海水齐平。故选C。
7. A考查短语。tk ver接管；picked up挑选；gt ut外出；brught in带来；结合语境，空白处说作者被护送到与船长接班的一座桥处，take ver frm“接班”，符合语境。故选A。
8. D考查短语搭配。结合语境作者意识到自己掌控着价值百万的游轮的生死，用in cntrl f（掌控）较为合理，故选D。
9. B考查副词。结合空白处语境可知，作者意识到自己并不重要，仅仅是一个发送信号的人。but作副词有“仅仅”的意思，故选B。
10. D考查宾语从句连接词。空白处句子为宾语从句，缺少谓语动词read的宾语，意为“无论我在报纸上读到什么”，要用what，故选D。
11. B考查形容词辨析。undiscvered未被发现的；unsettled动荡不安的；unplanned未经筹划的；unexpected出乎意料的；结合语境，作者坚信这个国家的和平与互相理解会来到这个不安宁的世界。故选B。
12. C考查短语搭配。结合语境，作者相信他的孩子能够生活在充满幸福、和平的世界，这一切将会到来。cme abut意为“产生，到来”。故选C。
13. B考查上下文推理。favr赞成；pity同情；belief信念；sense意识。由下文介绍小女孩落井后被众人救助的经历可知，人们互相理解和同情曾经充满了这个国度。故选B。
14. A考查短语搭配，结合上下文可知，小女孩掉进一口废旧的井中。fall int跌落；符合语境，故选A。
15. C考查语境推理。schl学校；business商业；rescue营救；lan贷款。结合语境，人们无偿劳动，免费提供设备来营救落井小女孩，所以此处为“营救基金”。故选C。
16.C考查动词辨析。prduced生产；transprted运输；furnished供应；suppsed支持。结合语境，此处应该是人们无偿提供设备营救落井小女孩。故选C。
17. C考查语境推理。buses巴士；planes飞机；ships船；trains火车。结合语境，作者将此事告诉给进入纽约港的外国船长，ship符合语境，故选C。
18. D考查形容词辨析。wrried担心的；satisfied满意的；amazed惊奇的；cncerned关心的。结合语境，作者把此事告诉了进入纽约港的船长，他们和美国人一样关系这个美国悲剧。故选D。
19. D考查名词辨析。结合语境，作者认为如果大家都带着互相理解和同情心，就像救助那个落井的小女孩一样，我们就能找到世界和平的方法。用way符合语境，故选D。
20. A考查副词。smeday某一天；frever永远；nwhere无处不；therefre因此。结合语境，作者相信这一切将会在某天到来。故选A。
四、短文改错。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇新闻报道。据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。作者希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。毕竟，我们只有一个地球。
【答案解析】
1. As—It考查代词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。it is reprted that---固定句式，“据报道”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，故As 改为It。
2. in—n考查介词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。在某年某月某日，也就是在某日时要用介词n，故in 改为n。
3. happier—happy考查形容词。句意：然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。这里没有比较对象，不能用比较级，应该用形容词的原级，故happier 改为happy。
4. had—has考查时态。句意：地球已经变得太拥挤了。结合句意可知句子应该用现在完成时态，故had 改为has。
5. fr—f考查介词。句意：人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。a lack f...“，固定短语，“的缺乏”，故fr 改为f。
6. causing—caused考查语态。句意：随着人类争夺更多的生存空间，对地球造成了巨大的破坏。此处cause“引起”是及物动词，和句子主语damage之间是一种被动关系，结合句意可知这里用现在完成时态的被动语态，故causing 改为caused。
7. wrried后面加abut考查介词。句意：我担心我们星球的未来。be wrried abut固定短语，“对担忧”，故在wrried后面加abut。
8. cuntry—cuntries考查名词。句意：我希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。根据all可知后面的名词用复数形式，故cuntry 改为cuntries。
9. effective—effectively考查副词。句意：此外，人们应该更有效地利用自然资源。此处是副词修饰动词，故effective改为effectively。
10. 去掉the考查冠词。句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。此处nly“仅仅，只有”，是副词，结合句意可知去掉the。
五、书面表达。
One pssible versin:
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
When an earthquake happens, first we shuld calm dwn, which is the mst imprtant. Fllw the teachers' rders and keep ur actins in rder. Secnd, hide beneath ur desks with the schlbags n ur heads if we are in class. Be sure nt t jump ff the building. Third, if we are n the playgrund, d nt mve. Sit n ur feet and use hands t cver ur heads s that they can be kept frm being hit n. At last, help each ther.
These are my suggestins. Keep them in mind and maybe sme day we can survive in case f an earthquake!
关系副词高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 21.We have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
3.【2016·天津】9. We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
4.【2015·北京】24.Oppsite is St.Paul's Church,___yu can hear sme lvely music.
A. which B.that C.when D.where
5.【2015·天津】15 The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ______ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A. where B. whichC. whenD. wh
6.【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
7.【2014·江西卷】35. It was the middle f the night __ my father wke me up and tld me t watch the ftball game.
A. that B. as C. which D. when
8.【2014·福建卷】31. Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities__________they can gain experience fr grwth.
A. wh B. when C. which D. where
9.【2014·江苏卷】22. The bk has helped me greatly in my daily cmmunicatin, especially at wrk ________ a gd impressin is a must.
A. which B. when C. as D. where
10.【2014·湖南卷】31.I am lking frward t the daymy daughter can read this bk and knw my
feelings fr her.
A. asB. whyC. when D. where
11.【2014·浙江卷】5. I dn’t becme a serius climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up t rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches f a tree.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
12.【2013·浙江卷】The museum will pen in the spring with an exhibitin and a viewing platfrm_________ visitrs can watch the big glasshuses being built.
A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
2【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
3【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析： 句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是
next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as， wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
4【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。
【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句
【名师点睛】本题考查学生对非限制性定语从句的掌握情况，做题之前先看到句子中间有没有逗号，逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成份，在定语从句中从句主语宾语都不缺少时，应该考虑关系副词，所以学生需要记住这种方法。
5【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
【考点定位】考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
6【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。
【考点定位】考查定语从句
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as， wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
7【答案】D
【解析】
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题与2015年陕西卷第15题类似. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time when he shuld be able t be independent. 关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as，wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。1）如：I shall never frget the day when we first met in a park.（作时间状语）2） My favrite city is Beijing where i can visit the Great Wall.（作地点状语）
3） This is the reasn why yu shuld leave.（作原因状语）把理论理解透彻了就可解题。
8【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：首先分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，所以选D。句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
【知识拓展】
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
考点：本题考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题可以采取还原句子解题。还原为：Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities，they can gain experience fr grwth frm cmmunity activities.加一个介词frm，副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语。在本句中they gain experience fr grwth frm cmmunity activities=where they gain experience fr grwth
9【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为wrk，在从句a gd impressin is must中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。故D正确。
考点：考查定语从句用法
【名师点睛】本题考查状语从句。状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。将从句恢复正常语序是：A gd impressin is a must in the wrk.所以要用where作地点状语。故选D。
10【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为the day，在从句my daughter can read this bk and knw my feelings fr her.作时间状语，故用关系副词when。句意：我正盼望我女儿能够阅读并知道我对她的感情的那一天。故C正确。
考点：考查定语从句用法
【名师点睛】本题与2015年陕西卷第15题类似. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time when he shuld be able t be independent. when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time, day, date, mrning, night, week, year, mment, perid, age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代.如：1、The time when I first met Nelsn Mandela was a very difficult perid f my life.2、We went thrugh a perid when everything was expensive in the market. 3、I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.故本题选when。
11【答案】A
【解析】
【知识拓展】这四个词在引导定语从句中的区别：when引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示时间的词，它在定语从句中作状语；where引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示地点的词，它在定语从句中作状语；which引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示物的词，它在定语从句中作主语或宾语；why引导的定语从句的先行词必一般是reasn，它在定语从句中作状语。
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as， wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看从句中缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。本题缺少时间状语，故填when。
12【答案】 B
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句。该句中的先行词是a viewing platfrm，此处先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，据此我们这里选B项。
【名师点睛】定语从句的关键在于分析句子结构，定语从句中如果既不缺主语，也不缺宾语和表语，就要考虑是否用关系副词或whse作定语，意为“谁的”。至于如何判断缺不缺主或是宾语，尤其是缺宾语的情况，要将先行词带到定语从句中谓语动词之后看是否符合逻辑搭配，如符合则缺宾语，如不符合就不缺。指代
关系
副词
在从句中的作用
例句
时间名词
when（=at/ in/ n +which）
时间状语
I shall never frget the day when we mved int ur new huse.
（先行词the day还原到从句中为: we mved int ur new huse n the day , 作时间状语，用when 或 n which）
我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。
地点名词
where（=at/ in/ n+ which）
地点状语
This is the village where my father was brn. （先行词the village还原到从句中为: my father was brn in the village, 作地点状语，用where 或in which）
这就是我父亲出生的村庄。
原因名词
why（=fr which）
原因状语
This is the reasn why he missed the early bus.
（先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he missed the early bus
fr the reasn, 作原因状语，用why 或fr which）
这是他错过早班车的原因。
关系副词和关系代词的选择要看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果作状语，则用关系副词；如果作主语、宾语、表语，则用关系代词，而不能只看先行词是什么。
I’ll never frget the day（that/ which）I spent with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I spent the day with yu n the farm, 作spent的宾语，用that/ which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起度过的那一天。
I’ll never frget the day when I wrked with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I wrked with yu n the farm n the day, 作时间状语，用when或n which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。
He wrks in the factry（that/ which ）I visited last year. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: I visited the factry last year, 作visited 的宾语，用that/ which)
他在我去年参观的那个工厂工作。
He wrks in the factry where these bikes are made. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factry, 作地点状语, 用where或in which)
他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。
This is the reasn (that/ which )he explained t us. (先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he explained the reasn t us, 作explained的宾语，用that/ which)
这就是他对我们解释的理由。
I dn’t knw the reasn why he was s angry.( 先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he was s angry fr the reasn, 作原因状语， 用why或fr which)
我不知道他如此生气的原因。
1.where指代抽象地点，意为“在…… 中（下）”
where既可以指代具体的地点名词，也可指代抽象地点名词，常见的抽象地点名词：case, pint, situatin, cnditin, scene, stage, psitin，activity, platfrm, race, envirnment,atmsphere, family, jb等。
I have reached a pint in my life where I shuld make decisins f my wn.
我已经到了一个在我人生中自己做决定的地步了。
Nwadays peple are mre cncerned abut the envirnment where they live.
目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。
Life is like a lng race where we cmpete with thers t g beynd urselves. 人生像一场长跑比赛, 我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
2.when指代抽象时间，意思为“在 ……的时间里”
when既可以指代具体的时间名词，也可指代抽象时间名词，常见的有ccasin（时机）, time, age, perid等。
Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。
We are living in an age when many things are dne n cmputers. 我们生活在一个许多事情靠计算机来做的时代。
3.why不能引导非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句不能用why引导, 要用fr which。
I have tld him the reasn, fr which I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班车, 我已经告诉了他原因。
The main reasn, fr which he lst his jb, was that he drank t much. 他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒。
4.way作先行词
①先行词way在定语从句中充当方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which ，也可省略。（注意不用hw, hw不能引导定语从句。）
②充当主语、宾语，引导词用 that 或which，做主语时不可省略，做宾语时可省略。
This is the way (that/in which) he slved the prblem.
(先行词the way还原到定语从句中为：he slved the prblem in the way，作方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which，也可省略。)
这就是他解决问题的方法。
This is the way (that/which) he used t slve the prblem.
(the way作used的宾语，that/which可省略)
这就是他所使用的解决问题的方法。
This is the way that/which was used t slve the prblem.
(the way作was used的主语，that/which不可省略)
这就是被使用的解决问题的方法。
定语从句和它所修饰的先行词中间插入谓语、状语或另外的定语等成分，使定语从句与所修饰的名词分割开来，或者插入语把引导词与定语从句分割。理解句子时，注意找准先行词。
A new teacher will cme tmrrw wh will teach us English.
教我们英语的一位新老师明天就要到了。
The days are gne when physical strength was what yu needed t make a living.
完全靠体力挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。
I walked up t the tp f the hill with my friend, where we enjyed a splendid view f the lake. 我和朋友爬到了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了美丽的湖光景色。
The scientist has made anther discvery, which , f curse, is f great imprtance. 科学家另有发现，当然，这个发现很重要。
1.Is this factry the ne (that )yu visited yesterday? (the ne作表语，that引导定语从句，修饰the ne)
Is this the factry (that/ which) yu visited yesterday? (that/which引导定语从句并作宾语，可省略)
2.The ld man has three sns , ne f whm is a teacher. (定语从句，用引导词whm)
The ld man has three sns, and ne f them is a teacher.(并列句，用代词them)
3.The news (that/ which) he tld us is true.(定语从句，引导词用that和which都可)
The news that ur team wn the game is true. (同位语从句，引导词只用that，不用which)
4.The dctr did all (that) he culd t save the by. （有先行词all，that引导定语从句）
The dctr did what he culd t save the by. (没有先行词，what引导宾语从句)
5.As is knwn t the wrld, Mark Twain was a famus writer. (as 引导非限制性定语从句)
It is knwn t the wrld that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语)
What is knwn t the wrld is that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (what引导主语从句)
6.Yu shuld leave things at the place where yu can find them again easily. (有先行词，where引导定语从句, 也可用at which)
Yu shuld leave things where yu can find them again easily. (没有先行词，where引导地点状语从句，不可用at which)
7.It was in this place that he was brn. (强调句)
This is the place where he was brn. (定语从句)
It was in the factry where he wrked that we met each ther tgether. (where引导定语从句，that构成强调句)
8.He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher as we all like. (as引导定语从句)
He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher that we all like him. （that引导结果状语从句）
9.This is the first time (that) I have cme t Beijing. (time表“次数”，从句引导词用that，也可省略)
There was a time when I didn’t like English. (time表“时间”，定语从句引导词用when)
10.The reasn why he didn’t cme yesterday is that he was ill. (why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
A．why
B．when
C．t whm
D．n which
1. A. decrated
B. reflected
C. included
D. ccupied
2. A. ck
B. designer
C. pilt
D. swimmer
3. A. liners
B. shps
C. htels
D. ffices
4. A. interesting
B. smart
C. lucky
D. prud
5. A. drawing
B. riding
C. walking
D. running
6. A. ften
B. never
C. almst
D. hardly
7. A. tk ver
B. picked up
C. gt ut
D. brught in
8. A. place
B. need
C. search
D. cntrl
9. A. s
B. but
C. and
D. r
10. A. hw
B. where
C. which
D. what
11. A. undiscvered
B. unsettled
C. unplanned
D. unexpected
12. A. in
B. frm
C. abut
D. n
13. A. favr
B. pity
C. belief
D. sense
14. A. fell
B. waved
C. threw
D. hid
15. A. schl
B. business
C. rescue
D. lan
16. A. prduced
B. transprted
C. furnished
D. suppsed
17. A. buses
B. planes
C. ships
D. trains
18. A. wrried
B. satisfied
C. amazed
D. cncerned
19. A. time
B. rad
C. mney
D. way
20. A. smeday
B. frever
C. nwhere
D. therefre
5.2 Discvering Useful Structures
定语从句（二）关系副词的用法
一．判断定语从句的关系副词的方法
如果先行词是指代“时间的名词”，还原到定语从句中作时间状语，则用关系副词when；如果先行词是指代“地点的名词”，还原到定语从句中作地点状语，则用关系副词where；如果先行词是指代“原因的名词（reasn）”，还原到定语从句中作原因状语，则用关系副词why。
二．关系副词的基本用法
三．关系副词和关系代词的正确使用
四．关系副词易错点：
五．使用定语从句时注意的几个方面：
（一）分割式定语从句
（二）易混从句对比
【巩固训练】
一．用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. I still remember the day______ I first came t Beijing.
2.This is the rm ______ my grandparents lived last year.
3.D yu knw the reasn______ he refused t g t Mary’s birthday party.
4. China is a large cuntry ______ many different dialects are spken.
5.The factry ______ his father wrks is in the west f the city.
6.This is the hspital______ my mther wrks.
7.That is the reasn ______ I did the jb.
8. I dn’t knw the exact time ______ they will meet.
9. I still remember the place______ I met her fr the first time.
10.That’s ne f the reasns ______ I asked yu t cme.
11. Mr. Wang will fly t Beijing, ______ he will stay fr three mnths.
12.There cmes a time______ yu have t make a chice.
13. I am lking frward t the day _____ my daughter can knw my feelings fr her.
14.We’ll put ff the picnic until next week, ______ the weather may be better.
15. ______ we knw, this is the day______ the quake happened thirty-five years ag.
16.He wrks in a factry______ makes this type f iPhne.
17.This is the hspital ______ we visited the day befre yesterday.
18. Finally he reached a lnely island ________ was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
19. I dubt the reasn ______ he gave us fr his being absent frm the meeting.
20.The way _____ ur chemistry teacher did the experiment was very interesting.
二．单项选择
1.I dn’t knw the reasn______ he refused t attend the meeting .
A. why B. which C. when D.what
2.That’s the htel ______ we were staying last summer.
A. that B. where C. when D.why
3.They will fly t Washingtn, they plan t stay fr tw r three days.
A. whereB. there C. whichD. when
4. We live in an age ________ mre infrmatin is available with greater ease than ever befre.
5.Sme pre-schl children g t a day care center, _______they learn simple games and sngs.
A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where
6.Many cuntries are nw setting up natinal parks ____animals and plants can be prtected.
A. when B. which C. whse D. where
7.The exact year _______ Mary and her family spent tgether in China was 2018.
A. whenB. which C. whatD. where
8.The Science Museum, _______ we visited during a recent trip t Britain, is ne f Lndn’s turist attractins.
A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where
9.As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, ______ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
10. The village has develped a lt______we learned farming tw years ag.
A. whenB. which C. thatD. where
11.Students shuld take part in cmmunity activities ____ they can gain experience fr grwth.
A. wh B. when C. which D. where
12.As the smallest child f his family, Jack is always lnging fr the time ________ he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
13.It’s helpful t put children in a situatin _______ they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
14. —What d yu think f teacher, Bb？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a jb ____yu are ding smething serius but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
15.Tday, we’ll discuss a number f cases_______ beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
A. whichB. asC. whyD. where
16.The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere_______ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
17. We really lve Indian fd and such ccasins are very rare _______ we have s many fds available at such lw prices.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
18. We went t Muntain Tai last weekend, _______, nt surprisingly, was crwded with visitrs.
A. whenB. which C. thatD. where
19.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely t be the nly planet ____ life had develped gradually .
A. that B. where C. which D. whse
20. We all admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend.
A. whyB. whereC. whichD. that
答案：
一．1. when/ n which 2 where /in which 3. why/fr which 4. where /in which
5. where /in which 6. where /in which 7. why/ fr which 8. when/at which
9. where /in which 10. why/ fr which 11. where 12. when 13. when/ n which
14. when 15. As ; when/ n which 16. that /which 17. that /which 18. that /which
19. that /which 20. that /in which
二．1-5 ABABDD 6-10 DBAAD 11-15 DDDAA 16-20 ABBBB
一、单句语法填空。
1. Li Ming, gt married last year, is t g abrad sn.
2. There is a net bar arund here, I remember.
3. Then he met Mary, invited him t a party.
4. Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn schl educatin depends.
5. The factry we visited last mnth has been rebuilt.
6. Hw can I frget the day I first saw him?
7. The number f smkers, is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
8. The first bk he lent me was written by Mark Twain.
9. It is certain that Mr. Black will supprt yur plan, fr he always agrees whatever yu say.
10. This kind f new machine is trial befre they are put int the market.
二、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The ld cuple were at last (rescue) by the lcal peple.
2. The spaceship was (damage) because f a crash.
3. He was lucky enugh t survive in the accident, wh was the (survive).
4. Everywhere they lked, nearly everything was (destry).
5. The pr man starved t (die).
三. 根据汉语提示写出适当的单词或短语。
1.This is an animal that is ____________(特有的) t this part f Africa.
2.I’m writing t express my sincere ____________(感激) fr the MP5 yu sent t me.
3.The twins differ frm each ther in ____________(性格).
4.She is nw crazy abut ____________(古典的) music and will nt miss any chance t attend a cncert.
5.As yu design yur ____________(系统)，cnsider hw it shuld be tested.
6.Our life has its _____________________(兴衰) and we need smene t ride with us.
7.She culd nt speak，but she made her wishes knwn _______________________(通过) signs.
8.As everyne knws，she ___________________________(在……中起重要作用) ur rganizatin.
9.He decided that he wuld drive ________________(一路上) hme instead f putting up at a htel fr the night.
10.We visited a temple which ________________(追溯到) 2，000 years ag.
【参考答案】
一、单句语法填空。
1.wh 2.as 3.wh 4.which 5.that /which
6.when 7.as 8.that 9. with 10. n
二、写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1.rescued 2.damaged 3.survivr 4.destryed 5.death
三. 根据汉语提示写出适当的单词或短语。
1.unique/specific
2.appreciatin
3.character
4.classical
5.system
6.ups and dwns
7.by means f
8. plays an imprtant part/rle in
9.all the way
10. dates back t
一、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust (外壳) f the earth were nt pretty slid (坚固的), it wuld be shaking abut and mving up and dwn frequently. Hwever, there are places in the rcks f the earth's crust where it isn't strngly held tgether—where faults exist. Alng the faults, ne rck might push against anther with great frce. The energy is changed t vibratin in the rcks, s they begin t shake and we have an earthquake!
The mst famus ne in Nrth America was the San Francisc earthquake f 1906. Seven hundred peple died and prperty (财产) damage amunted t abut $425,000,000.The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.
One f the mst famus earthquakes in Eurpe tk place in Lisbn, Prtugal, in 1755. The city was destryed and at least thirty thusand peple were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventyfive thusand peple. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds f twns and villages were damaged and thirty thusand peple were killed.
Tw great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia tk place in Tky, Japan, and in Gansu Prvince in China. The Tky quake f 1923 killed mre than ne hundred thusand peple and destryed the city and the city f Ykhama, t. The Chinese quake in 1920 cvered mre than three hundred square miles and killed abut tw hundred thusand peple.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A.where earthquakes happen B.hw earthquakes happen
C.the damage caused by earthquakes D.famus earthquakes in the wrld
2.The underlined wrd “vibratin” in the first paragraph prbably means “_______”.
A.shaking B.frce C.energy D.lsing
3.Which f the fllwing earthquakes killed the mst peple?
A.The San Francisc earthquake. B.The earthquake in Lisbn, Prtugal.
C.The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily. D.The earthquake in central Italy.
4.Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A.the earth's crust in Eurpe is weaker than that in ther places
B.there were 75,000 peple killed in the San Francisc earthquake
C.the city f Ykhama was nt greatly influenced by the Tky quake
D.the fires fllwing the San Francisc earthquake caused mre damage than the earthquake did
二、七选五阅读。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flds are ne f the mst cmmn disasters in the US. Sme flds develp slwly. But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain. ________ It carries rcks and can sweep away mst things in its path.
⒈If a fld is likely in yur area, yu shuld:
Listen t the radi r televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund. ________
⒉If yu have time t prepare, yu shuld:
Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture. ________ D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.
⒊If yu have t leave yur hme right away, remember these tips:
D nt walk thrugh mving water. ________ If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
________ If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.
A. D nt drive int flded areas.
B. D nt wait fr instructins t mve.
C. Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.
D.20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.
E. Flds can cause death and lss f treasures.
F. Flash flds ften have a dangerus wall f water.
G. Mud left frm fldwater can cntain chemicals.
三、完形填空。
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One night many years ag I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. I saw its lights 1 in the sky and heard the city's nises.
I have spent twenty-five years n bats. Nw I am a 2 . My jb is t bring in the large luxury 3 and stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.
I felt very 4 the first time I ever dcked a big liner. She came 5 up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat. As we drew alngside, a drway pened 6 at water level and tw smartly dressed sailrs helped me abard.
I was escrted t the bridge where I 7 frm the captain. I realized I was in 8 f a great ship wrth millins f dllars. Having dcked several f the large liners, I realized I was nt imprtant, 9 simply the quarterback wh called the signals.
In spite f 10 we read in the newspapers, I have great faith in this cuntry, praying that a peaceful understanding will cme t this 11 wrld, s that my children can grw up in a wrld full f happiness. I believe this will cme 12 .
I remember the understanding and 13 that tk ver this cuntry, back in 1949, when a little girl named Kathy Fiskus 14 int an ld well in Califrnia. Engineers and sandhgs and peple in all walks f life wrked almst three days, and when they gt her ut she was dead.
Peple sent in thusands f dllars in 15 funds, but thse wh did the wrk and 16 the equipment wuldn't take the mney. They wrked fr bigger things. I talked t captains f freign 17 that came int New Yrk Harbr, and they were just as 18 as we Americans ver the tragedy.
I believe sme 19 will be fund t wrk tgether fr wrld peace with the same sympathy and understanding that peple wrked t rescue little Kathy Fiskus. I believe Gd will 20 bring this abut.
四、短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is reprted that 7 billinth baby was brn in Octber 31st, 2011. Hwever, peple dn't seem t be happier abut the news. The earth had becme t crwed. Peple are suffering frm varius prblems such as lack fr resurces, pverty, starvatin and s n. Great damage has been causing t earth as human beings struggle fr mre living space.
I am wrried the future f ur planet. I hpe all the cuntry cperate and take measures t prevent the ppulatin frm grwing t fast. Besides, peple shuld use natural resurces mre effective. After all, we have the nly ne earth.
五、书面表达。
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办主题为“Hw t prtect urselves in the schl?”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时，我们该如何保护自己？
1.只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点；
2.要求至少写出三点措施；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
一、阅读理解。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。
【答案解析】
1. B 查段落大意。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。故选B。
2. A 查词义猜测。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibratin意为“晃动”， 故选A。
3. C 查细节理解。根据第三段中的“…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventy-five thusand peple.”可知，故选C。
4. D 查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.”可知，故选D。
二、七选五阅读。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一。有些洪水发展缓慢。但是山洪会迅速发展，有时几分钟就会爆发，而且没有任何降雨的迹象。作者介绍洪水到来时应该采取的措施。
【答案解析】
1. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.”它携带着岩石和泥土，可以扫除路上的大部分东西。可知洪水有一堵危险的水墙。故案选F。
2. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“mve immediately t higher grund. ”立即移到高处。”可知不要等着指令。故选B。
3. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.”如果你是湿的或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。可知是关掉所有的电器。故选C。
4. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“D nt walk thrugh mving water. ”不要在流动的水中行走。可知水里走是很危险的，六英寸的流动的水会让你跌倒。故选D。
5. A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If fld water rises arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund ”如果洪水在你的车周围上涨，放弃你的车，搬到更高的地方。可知是不要开车去洪水区。故选A。
三、完形填空。
【语篇解读】
本文作者通过回忆自己在涨潮时，成功带船只脱离危险的经历，以及众人齐心营救坠落废弃井中的小女孩Kathy Fiskus的故事，生动地刻画出了人与人之间的理解与同情心。作者相信，人们之间的这种同情和理解会让世界变得和平美好。
【答案解析】
1. B考查动词辨析。根据 I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. 可知，作者当时在船上，根据常识，他应该是看到城市的灯光“反射”在天空中。故选B。
2. C考查名词辨析。ck厨师；designer设计师；pilt领航员；swimmer游泳运动员；根据下文内容知道，作者在一艘豪华游轮工作，他的任务是安全引船靠岸，可推测出作者身份是一个领航员。故选C。
3. A考查名词词义辨析。liners班轮；shps商店；htels旅馆；ffices办公室；根据空白处下一句“stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.”（呆在他们身边直到他们安全靠岸），由此可知liners（游轮）为正确选项。故选A。
4. D考查形容词辨析。interesting有趣；smart聪明的；lucky幸运的；prud自豪；根据“She came riding up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat”以及下文可知，作者在涨潮时成功引领船只安全靠岸，作者由此感到自豪。故选D。
5. B考查cme的使用。“cme+现在分词”表示方式和伴随。cme drawing 拉过来；cme riding骑过来；cme walking走过来；cme running跑过来。结合语境可知，涨潮以后，船只在海浪上行驶，cme riding 生动地描写了这一动作，符合语境，故选B。
6. C考查副词使用。ften常常；never从不；almst几乎；hardly几乎不；结合语境可知，班轮的一个船舱进水几乎和海水齐平。故选C。
7. A考查短语。tk ver接管；picked up挑选；gt ut外出；brught in带来；结合语境，空白处说作者被护送到与船长接班的一座桥处，take ver frm“接班”，符合语境。故选A。
8. D考查短语搭配。结合语境作者意识到自己掌控着价值百万的游轮的生死，用in cntrl f（掌控）较为合理，故选D。
9. B考查副词。结合空白处语境可知，作者意识到自己并不重要，仅仅是一个发送信号的人。but作副词有“仅仅”的意思，故选B。
10. D考查宾语从句连接词。空白处句子为宾语从句，缺少谓语动词read的宾语，意为“无论我在报纸上读到什么”，要用what，故选D。
11. B考查形容词辨析。undiscvered未被发现的；unsettled动荡不安的；unplanned未经筹划的；unexpected出乎意料的；结合语境，作者坚信这个国家的和平与互相理解会来到这个不安宁的世界。故选B。
12. C考查短语搭配。结合语境，作者相信他的孩子能够生活在充满幸福、和平的世界，这一切将会到来。cme abut意为“产生，到来”。故选C。
13. B考查上下文推理。favr赞成；pity同情；belief信念；sense意识。由下文介绍小女孩落井后被众人救助的经历可知，人们互相理解和同情曾经充满了这个国度。故选B。
14. A考查短语搭配，结合上下文可知，小女孩掉进一口废旧的井中。fall int跌落；符合语境，故选A。
15. C考查语境推理。schl学校；business商业；rescue营救；lan贷款。结合语境，人们无偿劳动，免费提供设备来营救落井小女孩，所以此处为“营救基金”。故选C。
16.C考查动词辨析。prduced生产；transprted运输；furnished供应；suppsed支持。结合语境，此处应该是人们无偿提供设备营救落井小女孩。故选C。
17. C考查语境推理。buses巴士；planes飞机；ships船；trains火车。结合语境，作者将此事告诉给进入纽约港的外国船长，ship符合语境，故选C。
18. D考查形容词辨析。wrried担心的；satisfied满意的；amazed惊奇的；cncerned关心的。结合语境，作者把此事告诉了进入纽约港的船长，他们和美国人一样关系这个美国悲剧。故选D。
19. D考查名词辨析。结合语境，作者认为如果大家都带着互相理解和同情心，就像救助那个落井的小女孩一样，我们就能找到世界和平的方法。用way符合语境，故选D。
20. A考查副词。smeday某一天；frever永远；nwhere无处不；therefre因此。结合语境，作者相信这一切将会在某天到来。故选A。
四、短文改错。
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇新闻报道。据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。作者希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。毕竟，我们只有一个地球。
【答案解析】
1. As—It考查代词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。it is reprted that---固定句式，“据报道”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，故As 改为It。
2. in—n考查介词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。在某年某月某日，也就是在某日时要用介词n，故in 改为n。
3. happier—happy考查形容词。句意：然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。这里没有比较对象，不能用比较级，应该用形容词的原级，故happier 改为happy。
4. had—has考查时态。句意：地球已经变得太拥挤了。结合句意可知句子应该用现在完成时态，故had 改为has。
5. fr—f考查介词。句意：人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。a lack f...“，固定短语，“的缺乏”，故fr 改为f。
6. causing—caused考查语态。句意：随着人类争夺更多的生存空间，对地球造成了巨大的破坏。此处cause“引起”是及物动词，和句子主语damage之间是一种被动关系，结合句意可知这里用现在完成时态的被动语态，故causing 改为caused。
7. wrried后面加abut考查介词。句意：我担心我们星球的未来。be wrried abut固定短语，“对担忧”，故在wrried后面加abut。
8. cuntry—cuntries考查名词。句意：我希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。根据all可知后面的名词用复数形式，故cuntry 改为cuntries。
9. effective—effectively考查副词。句意：此外，人们应该更有效地利用自然资源。此处是副词修饰动词，故effective改为effectively。
10. 去掉the考查冠词。句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。此处nly“仅仅，只有”，是副词，结合句意可知去掉the。
五、书面表达。
One pssible versin:
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
When an earthquake happens, first we shuld calm dwn, which is the mst imprtant. Fllw the teachers' rders and keep ur actins in rder. Secnd, hide beneath ur desks with the schlbags n ur heads if we are in class. Be sure nt t jump ff the building. Third, if we are n the playgrund, d nt mve. Sit n ur feet and use hands t cver ur heads s that they can be kept frm being hit n. At last, help each ther.
These are my suggestins. Keep them in mind and maybe sme day we can survive in case f an earthquake!
关系副词高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 21.We have entered int an age _______ dreams have the best chance f cming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences.
A. why B. where C. which D. what
3.【2016·天津】9. We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
4.【2015·北京】24.Oppsite is St.Paul's Church,___yu can hear sme lvely music.
A. which B.that C.when D.where
5.【2015·天津】15 The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ______ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
A. where B. whichC. whenD. wh
6.【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time he shuld be able t be independent.
A. which B. where C. whm D. when
7.【2014·江西卷】35. It was the middle f the night __ my father wke me up and tld me t watch the ftball game.
A. that B. as C. which D. when
8.【2014·福建卷】31. Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities__________they can gain experience fr grwth.
A. wh B. when C. which D. where
9.【2014·江苏卷】22. The bk has helped me greatly in my daily cmmunicatin, especially at wrk ________ a gd impressin is a must.
A. which B. when C. as D. where
10.【2014·湖南卷】31.I am lking frward t the daymy daughter can read this bk and knw my
feelings fr her.
A. asB. whyC. when D. where
11.【2014·浙江卷】5. I dn’t becme a serius climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up t rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches f a tree.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
12.【2013·浙江卷】The museum will pen in the spring with an exhibitin and a viewing platfrm_________ visitrs can watch the big glasshuses being built.
A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。 故选C。
2【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual wrds but nt full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故选B。
3【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析： 句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是
next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as， wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
4【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。
【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句
【名师点睛】本题考查学生对非限制性定语从句的掌握情况，做题之前先看到句子中间有没有逗号，逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成份，在定语从句中从句主语宾语都不缺少时，应该考虑关系副词，所以学生需要记住这种方法。
5【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmsphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。
【考点定位】考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需要牢牢抓住两点：第一、找准先行词。第二、看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。
6【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。
【考点定位】考查定语从句
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as， wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
7【答案】D
【解析】
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题与2015年陕西卷第15题类似. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time when he shuld be able t be independent. 关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as，wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。1）如：I shall never frget the day when we first met in a park.（作时间状语）2） My favrite city is Beijing where i can visit the Great Wall.（作地点状语）
3） This is the reasn why yu shuld leave.（作原因状语）把理论理解透彻了就可解题。
8【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：首先分析句子结构，可知这里含有一个定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，所以选D。句意：学生应该参加社团活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。
【知识拓展】
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
考点：本题考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】本题可以采取还原句子解题。还原为：Students shuld invlve themselves in cmmunity activities，they can gain experience fr grwth frm cmmunity activities.加一个介词frm，副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语。在本句中they gain experience fr grwth frm cmmunity activities=where they gain experience fr grwth
9【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为wrk，在从句a gd impressin is must中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。故D正确。
考点：考查定语从句用法
【名师点睛】本题考查状语从句。状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。将从句恢复正常语序是：A gd impressin is a must in the wrk.所以要用where作地点状语。故选D。
10【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为the day，在从句my daughter can read this bk and knw my feelings fr her.作时间状语，故用关系副词when。句意：我正盼望我女儿能够阅读并知道我对她的感情的那一天。故C正确。
考点：考查定语从句用法
【名师点睛】本题与2015年陕西卷第15题类似. As the smallest child f his family, Alex is always lnging fr the time when he shuld be able t be independent. when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time, day, date, mrning, night, week, year, mment, perid, age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代.如：1、The time when I first met Nelsn Mandela was a very difficult perid f my life.2、We went thrugh a perid when everything was expensive in the market. 3、I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.故本题选when。
11【答案】A
【解析】
【知识拓展】这四个词在引导定语从句中的区别：when引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示时间的词，它在定语从句中作状语；where引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示地点的词，它在定语从句中作状语；which引导的定语从句的先行词必须是表示物的词，它在定语从句中作主语或宾语；why引导的定语从句的先行词必一般是reasn，它在定语从句中作状语。
考点：考查定语从句。
【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whse, whm, as， wh在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看从句中缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。本题缺少时间状语，故填when。
12【答案】 B
【解析】
试题分析：考查定语从句。该句中的先行词是a viewing platfrm，此处先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，据此我们这里选B项。
【名师点睛】定语从句的关键在于分析句子结构，定语从句中如果既不缺主语，也不缺宾语和表语，就要考虑是否用关系副词或whse作定语，意为“谁的”。至于如何判断缺不缺主或是宾语，尤其是缺宾语的情况，要将先行词带到定语从句中谓语动词之后看是否符合逻辑搭配，如符合则缺宾语，如不符合就不缺。指代
关系
副词
在从句中的作用
例句
时间名词
when（=at/ in/ n +which）
时间状语
I shall never frget the day when we mved int ur new huse.
（先行词the day还原到从句中为: we mved int ur new huse n the day , 作时间状语，用when 或 n which）
我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。
地点名词
where（=at/ in/ n+ which）
地点状语
This is the village where my father was brn. （先行词the village还原到从句中为: my father was brn in the village, 作地点状语，用where 或in which）
这就是我父亲出生的村庄。
原因名词
why（=fr which）
原因状语
This is the reasn why he missed the early bus.
（先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he missed the early bus
fr the reasn, 作原因状语，用why 或fr which）
这是他错过早班车的原因。
关系副词和关系代词的选择要看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果作状语，则用关系副词；如果作主语、宾语、表语，则用关系代词，而不能只看先行词是什么。
I’ll never frget the day（that/ which）I spent with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I spent the day with yu n the farm, 作spent的宾语，用that/ which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起度过的那一天。
I’ll never frget the day when I wrked with yu n the farm. (先行词the day还原到从句中为: I wrked with yu n the farm n the day, 作时间状语，用when或n which)
我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。
He wrks in the factry（that/ which ）I visited last year. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: I visited the factry last year, 作visited 的宾语，用that/ which)
他在我去年参观的那个工厂工作。
He wrks in the factry where these bikes are made. (先行词the factry还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factry, 作地点状语, 用where或in which)
他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。
This is the reasn (that/ which )he explained t us. (先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he explained the reasn t us, 作explained的宾语，用that/ which)
这就是他对我们解释的理由。
I dn’t knw the reasn why he was s angry.( 先行词the reasn还原到从句中为: he was s angry fr the reasn, 作原因状语， 用why或fr which)
我不知道他如此生气的原因。
1.where指代抽象地点，意为“在…… 中（下）”
where既可以指代具体的地点名词，也可指代抽象地点名词，常见的抽象地点名词：case, pint, situatin, cnditin, scene, stage, psitin，activity, platfrm, race, envirnment,atmsphere, family, jb等。
I have reached a pint in my life where I shuld make decisins f my wn.
我已经到了一个在我人生中自己做决定的地步了。
Nwadays peple are mre cncerned abut the envirnment where they live.
目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。
Life is like a lng race where we cmpete with thers t g beynd urselves. 人生像一场长跑比赛, 我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
2.when指代抽象时间，意思为“在 ……的时间里”
when既可以指代具体的时间名词，也可指代抽象时间名词，常见的有ccasin（时机）, time, age, perid等。
Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。
We are living in an age when many things are dne n cmputers. 我们生活在一个许多事情靠计算机来做的时代。
3.why不能引导非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句不能用why引导, 要用fr which。
I have tld him the reasn, fr which I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班车, 我已经告诉了他原因。
The main reasn, fr which he lst his jb, was that he drank t much. 他失去工作的主要原因是酗酒。
4.way作先行词
①先行词way在定语从句中充当方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which ，也可省略。（注意不用hw, hw不能引导定语从句。）
②充当主语、宾语，引导词用 that 或which，做主语时不可省略，做宾语时可省略。
This is the way (that/in which) he slved the prblem.
(先行词the way还原到定语从句中为：he slved the prblem in the way，作方式状语，引导词用 that 或in which，也可省略。)
这就是他解决问题的方法。
This is the way (that/which) he used t slve the prblem.
(the way作used的宾语，that/which可省略)
这就是他所使用的解决问题的方法。
This is the way that/which was used t slve the prblem.
(the way作was used的主语，that/which不可省略)
这就是被使用的解决问题的方法。
定语从句和它所修饰的先行词中间插入谓语、状语或另外的定语等成分，使定语从句与所修饰的名词分割开来，或者插入语把引导词与定语从句分割。理解句子时，注意找准先行词。
A new teacher will cme tmrrw wh will teach us English.
教我们英语的一位新老师明天就要到了。
The days are gne when physical strength was what yu needed t make a living.
完全靠体力挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。
I walked up t the tp f the hill with my friend, where we enjyed a splendid view f the lake. 我和朋友爬到了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了美丽的湖光景色。
The scientist has made anther discvery, which , f curse, is f great imprtance. 科学家另有发现，当然，这个发现很重要。
1.Is this factry the ne (that )yu visited yesterday? (the ne作表语，that引导定语从句，修饰the ne)
Is this the factry (that/ which) yu visited yesterday? (that/which引导定语从句并作宾语，可省略)
2.The ld man has three sns , ne f whm is a teacher. (定语从句，用引导词whm)
The ld man has three sns, and ne f them is a teacher.(并列句，用代词them)
3.The news (that/ which) he tld us is true.(定语从句，引导词用that和which都可)
The news that ur team wn the game is true. (同位语从句，引导词只用that，不用which)
4.The dctr did all (that) he culd t save the by. （有先行词all，that引导定语从句）
The dctr did what he culd t save the by. (没有先行词，what引导宾语从句)
5.As is knwn t the wrld, Mark Twain was a famus writer. (as 引导非限制性定语从句)
It is knwn t the wrld that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语)
What is knwn t the wrld is that Mark Twain was a famus writer. (what引导主语从句)
6.Yu shuld leave things at the place where yu can find them again easily. (有先行词，where引导定语从句, 也可用at which)
Yu shuld leave things where yu can find them again easily. (没有先行词，where引导地点状语从句，不可用at which)
7.It was in this place that he was brn. (强调句)
This is the place where he was brn. (定语从句)
It was in the factry where he wrked that we met each ther tgether. (where引导定语从句，that构成强调句)
8.He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher as we all like. (as引导定语从句)
He is such a gd teacher /s gd a teacher that we all like him. （that引导结果状语从句）
9.This is the first time (that) I have cme t Beijing. (time表“次数”，从句引导词用that，也可省略)
There was a time when I didn’t like English. (time表“时间”，定语从句引导词用when)
10.The reasn why he didn’t cme yesterday is that he was ill. (why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
A．why
B．when
C．t whm
D．n which
1. A. decrated
B. reflected
C. included
D. ccupied
2. A. ck
B. designer
C. pilt
D. swimmer
3. A. liners
B. shps
C. htels
D. ffices
4. A. interesting
B. smart
C. lucky
D. prud
5. A. drawing
B. riding
C. walking
D. running
6. A. ften
B. never
C. almst
D. hardly
7. A. tk ver
B. picked up
C. gt ut
D. brught in
8. A. place
B. need
C. search
D. cntrl
9. A. s
B. but
C. and
D. r
10. A. hw
B. where
C. which
D. what
11. A. undiscvered
B. unsettled
C. unplanned
D. unexpected
12. A. in
B. frm
C. abut
D. n
13. A. favr
B. pity
C. belief
D. sense
14. A. fell
B. waved
C. threw
D. hid
15. A. schl
B. business
C. rescue
D. lan
16. A. prduced
B. transprted
C. furnished
D. suppsed
17. A. buses
B. planes
C. ships
D. trains
18. A. wrried
B. satisfied
C. amazed
D. cncerned
19. A. time
B. rad
C. mney
D. way
20. A. smeday
B. frever
C. nwhere
D. therefre
相关学案
高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品学案： 这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters精品学案，共63页。学案主要包含了巩固训练，答案及解析，2018全国 I 卷，2018浙江卷，2017·北京卷，2017·天津，2016·北京，2016·江苏等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品导学案及答案： 这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品导学案及答案，共30页。学案主要包含了用法讲解，2019·北京卷等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life优质导学案及答案： 这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 1 Teenage life优质导学案及答案，共27页。学案主要包含了2018年全国卷II，2018全国卷III，2014新课标全国Ⅰ，2016全国卷Ⅰ，2019浙江卷，2018全国卷II，2016全国卷II，2019全国卷III等内容，欢迎下载使用。
