2021年中考英语二轮复习 阅读理解10篇(二)(含答案) 试卷

2021年中考英语二轮复习

阅读理解10篇(二)

A

1.阅读短文，根据短文内容，填入恰当的词汇。

Liu Wei is very famous in China because he can play the piano with his toes(脚趾).

One day when Liu Wei was only 10 years old, he played a game with some friends. He lost both his arms because of electricity.

Liu Wei was very sad when both his arms were cut off after the accident. But soon he had to make a choice.

“For people like me, there were only two choices. One was to give up all the dreams, which would cause a quick death. The other was to work hard without arms to live an excellent life.” says Liu Wei.

Liu Wei’s dream was to be a pianist. He learned to play the piano with his toes. And teaching himself to play the piano with his toes was very hard. Many times he wanted to give up, but his parents went on encouraging him and he wanted to make his parents proud.

Maybe you can not believe that Liu Wei is able to play well only with his toes. The audience(观众) were deeply moved and very excited when they watched his performance.

(1)What can Liu Wei play the piano with?

(2)How old was Liu Wei when he lost his arms?

(3)Was Liu Wei very unhappy when both his arms were cut off？

(4)Who encouraged Liu Wei to play the piano?

(5)How did the audience feel when they watched Liu’s performance?

B

2.阅读下列短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

A 12-man Chinese team landed on the Antarctic icecap(南极冰盖最高点) peak on January 18. They are the first people to reach the peak of Dome A (海穹A). It is 4,039 meters above sea level (海拔).
    The team built a station there to study the changes of the weather, get ice samples (标本) from 150 meters to 200 meters below, and do other studies. So far, the team has got nearly 100-meter long ice samples from a place about 300 meters under the icecap peak.
    It is the first time that people have been able to get samples from the icecap peak in Antarctica and it is very important for people to study the weather changes and environmental changes in this area(地区).
    The Chinese scientists have also built a weather study system (系统) at the peak. The system can send out information about temperature, how strong the wind is, and many other things about the weather.
The Antarctic icecap makes up 70% of the earth's freshwater (淡水). By studying Dome A, scientists can get the lowest temperature of the earth and other information about the world's weather changes. We can't get this information from other places on the earth because Dome A is the best place for this kind of studies. So it is very important to land on the peak of Dome A.
(1)How many Chinese first landed on the Antarctic icecap peak?
A. 18 　　　　B. 12 　　　　C.150 　　　　D.200
(2)The team has got about 100-meter long ice samples ___.
A. from 150 meters to 200 meters below
B. from a place about 300 meters below
C. from 200 meters to 250 meters below
D. from a place about 150 meters below
3.They built a weather study system to get ___.
A. the earth's freshwater　　　　　

B. ice samples from the peak
C. information about the weather 　

D. the news about other countries
(4)Choose thy right order (顺序) according to this passage.
① They built a station to study the changes of the weather.
② A Chinese team landed on the Antarctic icecap peak.
③ The Chinese scientists built a weather study system.
④ They got ice samples from the icecap peak.
A.②①④③ 　　　

B.②①③④ 　　　

C.③②①④ 　　　

D.②③④①
(5)From this passage, we can infer (推断): After the Chinese team landed on the Antarctic icecap peak, ___.
A. we can go there for holidays
B. the world's weather must be better and better
C. the peak will be the best place for people to live in
D. our country will do better in the world's weather research
 

C

3.阅读下列短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

Even kids know that we should wait for the traffic light to turn green before crossing a road, but not everybody follows this basic rule.

“Chinese style road crossing” has become a hot expression recently. Chinese people “cross roads without thinking about traffic lights, so long as（只要）they are part of a crowd”, said a post on Sina Weibo.

A CCTV news program showed that in only an hour, more than 600 people jumped red lights when crossing a road at a crossing in Shijiazhuang, Hebei.

Many people say that they jaywalk（乱闯马路）because the red light lasts too long. Such an opinion is supported by a research team at Tongji University. The team did research on people’s waiting times at different road crossings from 2008 to 2010. They found that Chinese people would wait for 70 to 90 seconds before they lost their patience. “People are likely to ignore(忽视) the light when the waiting time is longer than they can stand,” said Ni Ying, a member of the research team.

However, a survey on Sina Weibo suggested that half of the respondents（调查对象）believe that people jaywalk mainly because they disregard（忽视）rules.“I always obey traffic rules. Time is important but safety should come first,” wrote “Qixiaoe” on Weibo.

Many countries give out punishments to jaywalkers. In Singapore, the maximum(最大量) can be three months in prison. Some Chinese cities have started taking some actions, too. For example, the first three people in a jaywalking group will be fined 50 yuan in Shijiazhuang.

But calling on people to respect rules is more important. To completely solve the problem, everyone should realize the importance of obeying the traffic rules.       

(1)Which of the following is the “Chinese style road crossing”? 

A. To wait for the traffic light to turn green.

B. To cross a road slowly.     

C. To cross roads without looking at traffic lights.

D. To follow the basic traffic lights.

(2)What does the phrase “the team” in Paragraph 4 refer to (指的是)?

A. A CCTV news program. 

B. A research group at Tongji University. 

C. A post on Sina Weibo.

D. A daily newspaper.

(3)How long will Chinese people wait to cross the road before they lose patience?

A. Less than one minute.

B. About five minutes.   

C. Less than one and a half minutes.

D. More than ten minutes.

(4)Why do people jaywalk according to the survey on Sina Weibo?

A. Because there are too many people on the road.  

B. Because the red light lasts too long. 

C. Because people don’t pay much attention to rules. 

D. Because people have less patience.

(5)The writer suggests that we should________ to solve the problem of jaywalking.

A. punish the jaywalkers

B. disregard the traffic rules

C. reduce the time of red lights

D. call on people to obey the traffic lights

D

4.阅读下列短文，完成后面的问题：

Imagine this： Your parents go away for work， but you have to stay at home by yourself． Would life be as easy as when your parents are around？ Would it be a wonderful holiday for you？
"I can cook tomato and egg soup， but that's all． I think many of my classmates are the same．" said Li Yujie， a girl from a middle school． "But I always forget things． I watch television then burn the soup．"
"Now parents do almost everything for us． So we don't know what we can do and how to look after ourselves" Li Yujie said.
Usually teenagers spend most of their time doing their homework． They don't learn any life skill（技能） until they finish high school． However， Simon doesn' t think so，" I think I am OK． I know how to cook some dishes because my mom showed me． " the 13-year-old boy said.
In his opinion， many teenagers depend（依赖） too much on their parents， and there is much more to learn than cooking， like "cleaning up your room or even dressing yourself properly． For most teenagers， it wouldn't be a holiday at all． It could be a time to learn to be independent（自立的） and take care of yourself．

(1)What can Li Yujie do when her parents are not at home？

(2)Why are teenagers not able to look after themselves according to Li Yujie？

(3)How do teenagers usually spend their time？ ______ ．

(4) Can Simon look after himself when he is at home by himself？ ______

(5)Will your life be easy when your parents are away？ Why or why not？ ______ ．

E

5.阅读下面材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I don’t agree with them.

Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources(资源), we are short of(缺乏) others, for example, fresh water(淡水). It is reported that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it. I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.

In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps(水龙头) when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best.

(1)From the passage we know that some students often _______ in the school.

A. eat too much 

B. don’t work hard 

C. waste things  

D. throw rubbish everywhere

(2)Which is not mentioned in this passage?

A. Fresh water.  

B. Forest.            

C. Oil.                

D. Coal.

(3)What may happen in 100 years?

A. We may still have enough oil.              

B. We may still have enough coal.

C. We may have a little oil.              

D. We may have no coal or oil to use.

(4)Which of the following is right?

A. Waste brings problems.              

B. Waste can bring no problem.

C. China is rich in fresh water.              

D. Students never waste things.

(5)Which is the best title of this passage?

A. Stop Wasting                   

B. School life

C. Waste in the School                

D. Rich Resources in China

F

6.阅读下面材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Christmas Eve means a warm get-together with friends, a candlelight dinner, or perhaps a celebration at a pub(酒馆) for students. But, for Cai Yingjie, the night has a different meaning: helping beggars(乞丐) and the homeless(people without homes).

Cai, who is a student in journalism at Tsinghua, could be found at Beijing’s Wudaokou Light Railway Station that special evening. When she saw an old beggar, she took the cold, rough hands of the woman with her warm, clean hands, and gave the woman some warm bread and helped her put on a pair of new gloves(手套).

The woman was surprised for a few seconds, then burst into tears, saying “for the first time I feel respected(尊重)”.

Cai said, “A beggar’s life is very hard. That’s why I want to help them.”

Cai was one of 14 Tsinghua students spending Christmas Eve among the poor. They walked in the cold wind along the streets from 4 to 7 pm on Friday, visiting 15 beggars in Beijing’s Haidian District.

They brought bread and gloves with them, and stopped to greet beggars and offer them some of the warm food. Each beggar greeted them with a look of surprise.

“I know the activity can’t help much, but it’s meant to show our respect and care for beggars and the homeless who have been neglected for so long,” said Sun, head of the group. “And Christmas is a good time for that.”

(1)What does Christmas Eve mean to the 14 Tsinghua students?

A. Taking 15 beggars to Tsinghua. 

B. Getting together with friends.

C. Showing care to the beggars and the homeless. 

D. Selling bread and gloves to the beggars.

(2)What does the beggar mean by saying “for the first time I feel respected”?

A. The beggar has been waiting for Cai for long.

B. The beggar hasn’t been shown care for so long.

C. The beggar has been respecting Cai for a long time.

D. This is the first time the beggar has seen Tsinghua students.

(3)What did each beggar feel when they received greetings?

A. Sad.

B. Amazed. 

C. Frightened.

D.Proud.

(4)The word “neglected” in the last passage means _______.

A. Protected

B. found

C. taken care of

D. given no enough care

G

7.阅读下列短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the Earth to show how clouds are moving .Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.

Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programs come to US through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.

We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35，880 kilometers above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11，000 kilometers an hour—exactly the same speed that the earth rotates. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae facing the earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit，So there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position .This usually happens about every five or six days.

Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired. Often，very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time. This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.

1.Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage?

A. Sending information for weather forecast.    

B. Taking photographs of the Earth.

C. Sending TV pictures.

D. Providing food for airplane pilots.

2.What’s the speed the earth rotates at?

A.35,880 kilometers per hour. 

B.335,880 kilometers per hour.

C.11,000 kilometers per hour.

D.110,000 kilometers per hour

3.Why does the satellite move around the world at the same speed as the Earth rotates?

A. In order to take photographs.       

B. In order to stay in a certain position in the orbit.

C. In order to move away from its orbit.

D. In order to send television pictures.

4.What does the underlined word “This” in the 3rd paragraph refer to?

A. A satellite.                   

B.A little rocket.

C. A satellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky.

D. The satellite puts the rockets in the right position.

5.Which is true of satellites?

A. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years.

B .Every time a satellite gets broken，it is brought back to the Earth to be repaired.

C. A broken satellite is never left in space.

D. They often crash into each other.

H

8.阅读下面短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

The customs in different countries are rather different. If I have dinner with a Chinese host, he always puts more food onto my plates as soon as I have emptied them. It often discomforts me greatly. I have to eat the food even if I don’t want to, because it is considered bad manners in the West to leave one’s food on the plate. I have already noticed that when a Chinese sits at an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drink though he is in fact still hungry or thirsty. This might be good manners in china, but it is not in the West at all. In the US it is impolite to keep asking someone again and again or insist on him accepting something. Americans have a direct way of speaking. If they want something, they will ask for it. If not, they will say “No, thanks”. When an American is fed with beer by the host, for example, he might say, “No, thanks, I’ll take some Diet. Pepsy–cola if you have it.” That is what an American will do. So when you go to the US, you had better remember the famous saying, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”.

(1)From the passage, we know that the Chinese are usually _______ to the guests.

A. eager to give all they have

B. polite

C. Impolite

D. cold

(2)When a foreigner has dinner with a Chinese host, he often feels _________.

A. Pleasant

B. Uncomfortable

C. Satisfied

D. happy

(3)Why does a Chinese often refuse the offer of food or drink at a dinner party? Because _______.

A. he has had enough

B. he is shy

C. he is afraid that others will laugh at him

D. he thinks it’s polite to do that

(4)When an American wants something to eat or drink at dinner, he will _________.

A. go and take it himself

B. refuse the hosts offer

C. ask for it directly

D. ask another to fetch it for him

(5)“When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Means ________.

A. when you get to Rome, you should act as the Romans do

B. when you stay in Rome, you should do as the Romans do

C. when you are in a new country, you should do as the natives do

D. Romans can be example for you

I

9.阅读下列材料，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。

What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? How will you escape? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the following passage.

Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save you life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, such as stairways and fire escapes, but not lifts.

From the lower floors of the buildings, escaping through windows is possible, learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury.

The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average(平均高度的) person, hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.

Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked(渗) into the room.

On a second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement(水泥) might end in injury. Bushes(灌木丛) and grass can help to break a fall.

(1)It is important to _______.

A. put out the fire in the burning house             

B. know the ways to escape the fire

C. jump off a burning house              

D. keep the door closed

(2)It is possible to escape through the windows _______.

A. if there are some bushes on the ground              

B. if you are strong enough

C. if you live on a lower floor             

D. If you have a long rope

(3)Which of the following escaping way is NOT right? _______.

A. You can escape though stairways.            

B. You can choose fire escapes.

C. Escape from the windows that open onto a roof. 

D. Use a lift to come down at once.

(4)Open the window so that _______ if the building is on fire.

A. you can get fresh air                

B. you can call for help

C. you can easily jump off                

D. you can be seen first

(5)The best title of the passage is _______.

A. Escaping from the Windows             

B. Save Yourself in the Burning House

C. Knowledge on Fire               

D. Waiting for Help

J

10.阅读下列材料，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项.

Napoga is a 12-year-old girl in Ghana(加纳), Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily(日常) cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can’t get enough clean water to keep healthy.

Earth Day is April 2(2) But on all other days, we must also remember it. The water we use is the most important natural resource(自然资源) on the earth.

Water covers 70% of the earth’s surface(表面). But most of that is sea water. We can’t use it for very many things. Fresh water covers only 1% of the earth’s surface.

You probably feel lucky that your life isn’t as hard as Napoga’s. But that doesn’t mean you don’t have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes, and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. Now, 34% of all kinds of fish are dying out.

How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rain water comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain(酸雨), is also bad for plants, animals and buildings.

Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won’t have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water:

●Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 liters(升) each month.

●Leaky taps(漏水的龙头) waste a lot of water. Fix them right away!

●You can easily cut your 10-minute showers(沐浴) in half—and you’ll be just as clean.

●When you wash dishes, don’t let the water run.

●Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn’t full, you’re wasting water!

(1) Every morning Napoga went to get clean water _______.

A. before she went to school               

B. after she finished school

C without going to school              

D. after she played with her friends 

(2) On the earth, _______.

A. sea water is widely used than fresh water 

B. there is very little water for our living

C. there is 71% of fresh water             

D. we don’t need to worry about water

(3) Acid rain _______.

A. is only bad for living things

B. can be produced in factories

C. doesn’t do harm to people, but it’s bad for plants, animals and buildings

D. doesn’t just do harm to human beings but to ani­mals, plants and buildings

(4) Which of the following wastes water?

A. We need ten minutes if we want a clean shower.

B. We should put in enough clothes when we wash them in washing machines.

C. You can keep yourself clean by having a shower for five minutes.

D. Don’t let the water run when we brush our teeth and wash dishes.

(5) What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Something must be done to prevent water form be­ing polluted.

B. Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.

C. It’s time to take care of the water we use.

D. Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.

参考答案

1.参考答案：

(1)His toes.

(2)Ten years old.

(3)Yes, he was.

(4)His parents.

(5)They were deeply moved and very excited.

解析：

试题分析：这篇短文给我们讲述的是刘伟的故事，刘伟10岁的时候因为高压电失去了双臂，之后他决心用脚趾练习弹钢琴，成为一个钢琴家。在父母的鼓励下，他成功了，而且在中国变得非常的出名，很多观众都被他给感动了。

(1)根据题干的意思可知，with 用…，因此我们可以在短文的开头Liu Wei is very famous in China because he can play the piano with his toes找到答案，刘伟可以用他的脚趾弹钢琴。第二段补充了原因，因为刘伟小时候失去了双臂。

(2) 根据短文第二段中One day when Liu Wei was only 10 years old, he played a game with some friends. He lost both his arms because of electricity.可知，刘伟10岁的时候，和一些朋友们一起玩游戏，因为电失去了他的双臂。由此可找到答案，是在他十岁的时候。

(3)根据短文第三段中Liu Wei was very sad when both his arms were cut off after the accident.可知，刘伟的胳膊在事故后被截肢，他感到非常的伤心。由此可知这个题目的答案是肯定的。

(4)根据短文中Many times he wanted to give up, but his parents went on encouraging him and he wanted to make his parents proud.可知，刘伟想练习用脚趾弹钢琴，这很困难，很多次，他都想要放弃，但是他的父母一直鼓励他。由此可知答案是His parents。

(5)根据短文的最后The audience(观众) were deeply moved and very excited when they watched his performance可知，当观众们看到刘伟的表演的时候，他们都被深深地感动了，而且非常的激动。由此可找到本题的答案。

2.【参考答案】

(1)--(5) B B C A D；

3.【参考答案】

(1)--(5)C B C C D 

4.参考答案：

【小题1】She can cook tomato and egg soup．

【小题2】Because she thinks their parents do almost everything for them．

【小题3】They usually spend their most time doing their homework．

【小题4】Yes， he can．

【小题5】No， it won't． Because I don't know what I can do and how to look after myself．

解析：

(1)She can cook tomato and egg soup．细节理解题，根据"I can cook tomato and egg soup， but that's all． I think many of my classmates are the same．" said Li Yujie，可知Li Yujie会做西红柿鸡蛋汤，故得出答案．
(2) Because she thinks their parents do almost everything for them．细节理解题，根据Now parents do almost everything for us． So we don't know what we can do and how to look after ourselves" Li Yujie said，可知她认为父母为他们做了几乎所有的事情，故得出答案．
(3)They usually spend their most time doing their homework．细节理解题，根据Usually teenagers spend most of their time doing their homework． 可知通常青少年会把大部分的时间花在做作业上，故得出答案．
(4)Yes， he can．细节理解题，根据 However， Simon doesn' t think so，" I think I am OK． I know how to cook some dishes because my mom showed me． "可知Simon会照顾自己，故得出答案．
(5)No， it won't． Because I don't know what I can do and how to look after myself．细节理解题，根据实际情况可知父母离开时，我的生活并不容易，因为我不知道做什么，如何照顾自己，故得出答案．
文章大意：文章主要讲述了现在的青少年多数不会做家务，主要原因是父母几乎帮他们做了所有的事情．所以青少年要学会生活独立．
主要是根据前提问题来做出相应的要求内的答案，题型比较灵活但是考查了学生多方面的知识和技能，要做好这类题，就要注意平时知识的积累，包括单词、词组、句型等．

5.【答案及解析】

(1)选C。从文章的第1句Waste can be seen everywhere in the school.就说明了在学校浪费现象随处可见，故选C。

(2)选B。在第2段中，Fresh water, oil, coal均有提及，但Forest没有提到。故选B。

(3)选D。由第2段的句子It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years.可知，在100年后，我们可能没有coal or oil to use。故答案选D。

(4)选A。短文的第2段第1句Waste can bring a lot of problems就告诉了我们答案，故选Ａ。

(5)选A。在短文的第1段例举一些浪费现象，引出第2段Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. 所以Stop Wasting 为短文的最佳标题。

6.【答案及解析】

(1)选C。第1段的最后一句…helping beggars(乞丐) and the homeless(people without homes). 就是他们的决定，即去帮助那些乞丐和无家可归的人，给他们以关爱。答案选C。

(2)选B。根据第3段中的 woman所说的话：…for the first time I feel respected(尊重). 我们可以推断出：乞丐们有太长的时间没人关心了。故答案为B。

(3)选B。 在第6段中有这样一句Each beggar greeted them with a look of surprise. 而B选项中Amazed 的同义表达就是surprised，所以答案为B。

(4)选D。本文讲述了14个清华学子在平安夜帮助流浪汉和乞丐们的故事。这些流浪汉和乞丐们都感到十分的意外和温暖，我们由此可推断他们应该是长期given no enough care(被忽视的)原因。这样我们就可以排除A、B、C三项，最后正确答案为D。

7.【参考答案】

(1)--(5)B D D B A；

8.【参考答案】

(1)--(5)BBDCC

9.【答案及解析】

(1)选B。从句子It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family,…可知，当房子着火后，最重要的是你要知道the ways to escape the fire(逃生方式)，故答案选B。

(2)选C。在短文的第2段说到…from the lower floors of building escaping through windows is possible。故选C。

(3)选D。在短文中特别强调在大火发生时，人们可以从 stairways 和 fire escapes逃生, but not lifts(但不能从电梯)，因为那是相当危险的。

(4)选A。在短文的第5段提到了可…keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air…可知。

(5)选B。通读全文后，短文的大意很明显，在着火的大楼中自救的方法应是短文的主题，故选B。

10.【答案及解析】

(1) 选C。从第1段中的句子She has no time to go to school可知，她根本没有去上学。故选C。

(2) 选B。短文第3段中介绍了全球70%被水覆盖，但只有1%才是饮用淡水。而世界上的很多国家和地区都缺水。所以选B项，即我们的生活用水很少。

(3) 选D。由第5段中的句子Dirty rain, called acid rain, is also bad for plants animals and buildings.可知，acid rain(酸雨)的危害很大。 故答案选D。

(4) 选A。A选项与C选项相互矛盾，则必有一个为正确选项。而从第3点建议(advice)可知，你可以沐浴只须五分钟来节约用水，若用10分钟则是浪费水。故选A。

(5) 选C。读完全文我们知道地球上的水资源有限，所以大家都要节约用水。故选C。