2020届高考英语二轮复习教师用书：2020届老高考英语二轮对点集训：第一板块专题三第一讲名词和冠词
展开[小题夯基练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．But without sunlight and good soil，soon the leaves began to fall down and the ____________ (branch)began to dry.
解析：branches [由空前的the可知，此处应用名词形式，且根据常识可知，树上不止一根树枝，而branch是可数名词，故填branches。]
2．Now，Sanzhenzhai has approximately 100 ____________ (outlet)across the country.
解析：outlets [根据设空处前的数字100可推知空处需填名词复数形式。]
3．The little boy ate so many ____________ (potato) and so much meat that he threw up at dawn.
解析：potatoes [potato前有many修饰，故用名词的复数形式。]
4．Buckingham Palace is a great tourist ____________ (attract)，drawing millions of visitors every year.
解析：attraction [句意为：白金汉宫是一个著名的旅游景点，每年都吸引上百万游客前去参观。tourist attraction旅游景点，是固定短语。]
5．There are many students living at school；the ____________ (child) houses are all far from school.
解析：children's [由students可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为children's。]
6．Trust us.It might make you ____________ genius.
解析：a [考查不定冠词。句意：相信我们，它可能会让你成为一个天才。genius是可数名词，此处表示泛指用a。]
7．We should treasure every moment of sincerity and gratefulness because ____________ best things will be gone very easily.
解析：the [句意：我们应该珍惜每一个真诚和感激的时刻，因为最好的东西会很容易消失。形容词最高级前要用定冠词the。]
8．Until last year he was still ____________ unknown singer，but now his name has become ____________ household name.
解析：an；a [由语境可知这两个空都表示泛指，且其后均为可数名词单数，故用不定冠词，又因第一空后的unknown的发音以元音音素开头，故填an；第二空后的household的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。]
9．I usually go to my workplace coffee shop to place ____________ order but this Wednesday，it was slightly different.
解析：an [place an order为固定搭配，意为“下订单”，order“订单”是可数名词，它的发音是以元音音素开头的，故其前填an。]
10．He answered the question on ____________ spot.
解析：the [on the spot为固定搭配，意为“当场”。]
Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)
1．In China，I always spend the Spring Festival with Chinese family，eating dumplings，laughing and joking.____________
解析：family→families [family意为“家庭”时为可数名词，设空处前没有不定冠词，故需用名词复数形式表示泛指。]
2．Words came that the damaged electricity lines had been repaired.____________
解析：Words→Word [word 意为“消息，信息”时，为不可数名词。故把Words改为Word。]
3．My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.____________
解析：honest→honesty [主语是key，表语与其构成同位关系，并非对主语的描述，应用名词。故将honest改为honesty。]
4．Mom has a fulltime job，but she has to do most of the houseworks.____________
解析：houseworks→housework [housework为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将houseworks改为housework。]
5．When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.____________
解析：children→child [根据语境可知，此处表示当“我”还是一个非常小的孩子时。由主语I及冠词a都能看出表语的中心词应用单数名词child。]
6．She smiled and told me I was good boy even if I didn't feel like one then.____________
解析：good前加a [此处表示她微笑着告诉我我是一个好孩子。boy是可数名词，此处表示“一个好孩子”，表泛指，其前应用不定冠词。]
7．Later，my teacher，who realized my problem，had the facetoface talk with me.____________
解析：the→a [句意：后来，我的老师意识到了我的问题，和我进行了一次面对面的交谈。此处talk“交谈”是可数名词，表示泛指而非特指。]
8．Some Americans belong to reading groups on Internet.____________
解析：Internet前加the [句意：一些美国人属于网上阅读团体。on the Internet为固定搭配，表示“在网上”。]
9．Tomorrow she is going to attend a important meeting，at which she will be given a medal for her outstanding deeds.____________
解析：a→an [important的发音是以元音音素开头的，其前用不定冠词时，要用an。]
10．It is known to us that life is not a smooth journey，which is full of ups and downs，so never lose the heart.____________
解析：删除heart前的the [lose heart为固定搭配，意为“丧失信心”。]
[大题提能练]
Ⅰ.语法填空——名词专练(用所给词的适当形式填空)
A young man in Wuhan，Hubei Province has become the latest Internet sensation after a video showing his heartwarming act on a subway train went viral on social 1.____________(medium) recently.
In the video，the man can be seen holding his mobile phone in his hand after falling asleep on a Metro，with a message in large font on the screen which reads，“Please wake me if you need my seat.”
The video was recorded by a fellow passenger who posted it on Weibo.The video，whose 2.____________(long)was just seven seconds，has been viewed more than 19 million 3.____________(time) in just two days.Chinese netizens were greatly touched by the young 4.____________(man) act and greeted him with a storm of 5.____________(applaud) for his kind 6.____________ (behave)．A web 7.____________ (use) even commented，“I only needed seven 8.____________ (second) to fall in 9.____________ with this young man.”
The humble man refused an interview 10.____________ (invite) after becoming an Internet star and said that he just did what he felt he should.In a Weibo post，he thanked netizens for their love and praise.He said he would always fall asleep when he had nothing to do on the train but worried others may need the seat，so he got the idea of making a message on his phone screen.
[语篇解读] 文章讲述了武汉市一名年轻男子在地铁上播放了一段感人的视频，视频在社交媒体上迅速走红。
1．解析：media [考查名词的数。泛指各种媒体，用复数形式。]
2．解析：length [考查词性转换。前有作定语的关系代词whose修饰，表示video的长度，用名词形式。]
3．解析：times [考查名词的数。time在这里为可数名词，意为“次数”。前有19 million修饰，故用复数形式。]
4．解析：man's [考查名词的所有格。作定语修饰act，用所有格。句意为：中国的网民被这位小伙子的行为深深地打动，并对他的这个善举报以热烈的掌声。]
5．解析：applause [考查词性转换。空格所填词和前面的of一起构成of所有格形式，修饰前面的名词storm作定语。所以用名词形式。]
6．解析：behavio(u)r [考查词性转换。前有“his kind(他善良的)”作定语修饰，指他善良的行为，故填名词形式。]
7．解析：user [考查词性转换。由语境和句子结构可知，该空作主语，意为“用户”。句意为：一位微博用户甚至评论道：我只要七秒就爱上了这个年轻人。]
8．解析：seconds [考查名词的数。second在此用作名词，意为“秒”，是可数名词，前有数词seven修饰，用复数形式。]
9．解析：love [考查固定搭配。fall in love with 为固定搭配，意为“喜欢上，爱上”。]
10．解析：invitation [考查词性转换。这里指的是采访邀请，用名词形式，前有an修饰，用单数形式。]
Ⅱ.短文改错——冠词专练(文中共有10处错误)
In traditional Chinese culture，tai chi is often related to a Chinese idea of yin and yang，an idea that one can see two sides in everything.Once upon time，Taoist(道家的)Zhang Sanfeng saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains in Hubei Province.A snake's defense inspired him to create an set of 72 movements，which used softness and power from inside to defeat violent force.
For those who do it，tai chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without an equipment or a gymnasium.And learning to do it correctly gives us the practical way to achieve such things as balance，motor control and rhythm(节奏)of movement.So it is believed that practicing tai chi can in some way help us stand，walk，move and run better.
Tai chi's benefits certainly go beyond physical ones.For Marleni Calcina from Peru，who has done tai chi for over 10 years，it's not only a sport，but also way of life.And it is tai chi that has helped her make the sense of the value of “going slowly”．Now，practicing tai chi is like speaking with her the soul.
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